Articles | Volume 20, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-695-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-695-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
15 Feb 2023
Research article |
| 15 Feb 2023
| 15 Feb 2023
Faded landscape: unravelling peat initiation and lateral expansion at one of northwest Europe's largest bog remnants
Soil Geography and Landscape Group, Wageningen University and Research,
Wageningen, the Netherlands
Ype van der Velde
Faculty of Science, Earth and Climate, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Jasper H. J. Candel
Soil Geography and Landscape Group, Wageningen University and Research,
Wageningen, the Netherlands
Luc Steinbuch
Soil Geography and Landscape Group, Wageningen University and Research,
Wageningen, the Netherlands
Roy van Beek
Soil Geography and Landscape Group, Wageningen University and Research,
Wageningen, the Netherlands
Cultural Geography Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the
Netherlands
Jakob Wallinga
Soil Geography and Landscape Group, Wageningen University and Research,
Wageningen, the Netherlands
Related authors
Jasper H. J. Candel, Maarten G. Kleinhans, Bart Makaske, Wim Z. Hoek, Cindy Quik, and Jakob Wallinga
Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 723–741, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-723-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-723-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we show how the Overijsselse Vecht river changed from a laterally stable to a meandering river ca. 500 years ago. We developed a methodology to reconstruct the historical discharge and found that the change in river style was caused by an increase in peak discharges. This increase was likely caused by the Little Ice Age and land use changes in the catchment (peat reclamation and exploitation). This study shows how river style changes as a result of discharge regime changes.
Cindy Quik and Jakob Wallinga
Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 705–721, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-705-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-705-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Identifying contemporary river migration rates is often based on aerial photos or recent topographical maps. Here, we propose to use river sediments as an archive to look further back in time using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating and develop a modelling procedure for the joint analysis of dating results and historical maps. The procedure is applied to the Overijsselse Vecht river in The Netherlands, and we show that the river migrated with 0.9–2.6 m yr−1 between 1400 and 1900 CE.
Ralf C. H. Aben, Daniël van de Craats, Jim Boonman, Stijn H. Peeters, Bart Vriend, Coline C. F. Boonman, Ype van der Velde, Gilles Erkens, and Merit van den Berg
Biogeosciences, 21, 4099–4118, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4099-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4099-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Drained peatlands cause high CO2 emissions. We assessed the effectiveness of subsurface water infiltration systems (WISs) in reducing CO2 emissions related to increases in water table depth (WTD) on 12 sites for up to 4 years. Results show WISs markedly reduced emissions by 2.1 t CO2-C ha-1 yr-1. The relationship between the amount of carbon above the WTD and CO2 emission was stronger than the relationship between WTD and emission. Long-term monitoring is crucial for accurate emission estimates.
Jungyu Choi, Roy van Beek, Elizabeth L. Chamberlain, Tony Reimann, Harm Smeenge, Annika van Oorschot, and Jakob Wallinga
SOIL, 10, 567–586, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-10-567-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-10-567-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This research applies luminescence dating methods to a plaggic anthrosol in the eastern Netherlands to understand the formation history of the soil. To achieve this, we combined both quartz and feldspar luminescence dating methods. We developed a new method for feldspar to largely avoid the problem occurring from poorly bleached grains by examining two different signals from a single grain. Through our research, we were able to reconstruct the timing and processes of plaggic anthrosol formation.
Merit van den Berg, Thomas M. Gremmen, Renske J. E. Vroom, Jacobus van Huissteden, Jim Boonman, Corine J. A. van Huissteden, Ype van der Velde, Alfons J. P. Smolders, and Bas P. van de Riet
Biogeosciences, 21, 2669–2690, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2669-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2669-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Drained peatlands emit 3 % of the global greenhouse gas emissions. Paludiculture is a way to reduce CO2 emissions while at the same time generating an income for landowners. The side effect is the potentially high methane emissions. We found very high methane emissions for broadleaf cattail compared with narrowleaf cattail and water fern. The rewetting was, however, effective to stop CO2 emissions for all species. The highest potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions had narrowleaf cattail.
Tanya J. R. Lippmann, Ype van der Velde, Monique M. P. D. Heijmans, Han Dolman, Dimmie M. D. Hendriks, and Ko van Huissteden
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 6773–6804, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6773-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6773-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Vegetation is a critical component of carbon storage in peatlands but an often-overlooked concept in many peatland models. We developed a new model capable of simulating the response of vegetation to changing environments and management regimes. We evaluated the model against observed chamber data collected at two peatland sites. We found that daily air temperature, water level, harvest frequency and height, and vegetation composition drive methane and carbon dioxide emissions.
Alexa Marion Hinzman, Ylva Sjöberg, Steve W. Lyon, Wouter R. Berghuijs, and Ype van der Velde
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2391, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2391, 2023
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
An Arctic catchment with permafrost responds in a linear fashion: water in=water out. As permafrost thaws, 9 of 10 nested catchments become more non-linear over time. We find upstream catchments have stronger streamflow seasonality and exhibit the most nonlinear storage-discharge relationships. Downstream catchments have the greatest increases in non-linearity over time. These long-term shifts in the storage-discharge relationship are not typically seen in current hydrological models.
Jim Boonman, Mariet M. Hefting, Corine J. A. van Huissteden, Merit van den Berg, Jacobus (Ko) van Huissteden, Gilles Erkens, Roel Melman, and Ype van der Velde
Biogeosciences, 19, 5707–5727, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5707-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5707-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Draining peat causes high CO2 emissions, and rewetting could potentially help solve this problem. In the dry year 2020 we measured that subsurface irrigation reduced CO2 emissions by 28 % and 83 % on two research sites. We modelled a peat parcel and found that the reduction depends on seepage and weather conditions and increases when using pressurized irrigation or maintaining high ditchwater levels. We found that soil temperature and moisture are suitable as indicators of peat CO2 emissions.
Tanya Juliette Rebecca Lippmann, Monique Heijmans, Han Dolman, Ype van der Velde, Dimmie Hendriks, and Ko van Huissteden
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2022-143, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2022-143, 2022
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
To assess the impact of vegetation on GHG fluxes in peatlands, we developed a new model, Peatland-VU-NUCOM (PVN). These results showed that plant communities impact GHG emissions, indicating that plant community re-establishment is a critical component of peatland restoration. This is the first time that a peatland emissions model investigated the role of re-introducing peat forming vegetation on GHG emissions.
Yousef Albuhaisi, Ype van der Velde, and Sander Houweling
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-55, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-55, 2022
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
An important uncertainty in the modelling of methane emissions from natural wetlands is the wetland area. It is important to get the spatiotemporal covariance between the variables that drive methane emissions right for accurate quantification. Using high-resolution wetland and soil carbon maps, in combination with a simplified methane emission model that is coarsened in six steps from 0.005° to 1°, we find a strong relation between wetland emissions and the model resolution.
Thomas Janssen, Ype van der Velde, Florian Hofhansl, Sebastiaan Luyssaert, Kim Naudts, Bart Driessen, Katrin Fleischer, and Han Dolman
Biogeosciences, 18, 4445–4472, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4445-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4445-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Satellite images show that the Amazon forest has greened up during past droughts. Measurements of tree stem growth and leaf litterfall upscaled using machine-learning algorithms show that leaf flushing at the onset of a drought results in canopy rejuvenation and green-up during drought while simultaneously trees excessively shed older leaves and tree stem growth declines. Canopy green-up during drought therefore does not necessarily point to enhanced tree growth and improved forest health.
Vince P. Kaandorp, Hans Peter Broers, Ype van der Velde, Joachim Rozemeijer, and Perry G. B. de Louw
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 3691–3711, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3691-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3691-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstructed historical and present-day tritium, chloride, and nitrate concentrations in stream water of a catchment using
land-use-based input curves and calculated travel times of groundwater. Parameters such as the unsaturated zone thickness, mean travel time, and input patterns determine time lags between inputs and in-stream concentrations. The timescale of the breakthrough of pollutants in streams is dependent on the location of pollution in a catchment.
Liang Yu, Joachim C. Rozemeijer, Hans Peter Broers, Boris M. van Breukelen, Jack J. Middelburg, Maarten Ouboter, and Ype van der Velde
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 69–87, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-69-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-69-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The assessment of the collected water quality information is for the managers to find a way to improve the water environment to satisfy human uses and environmental needs. We found groundwater containing high concentrations of nutrient mixes with rain water in the ditches. The stable solutes are diluted during rain. The change in nutrients over time is determined by and uptaken by organisms and chemical processes. The water is more enriched with nutrients and looked
dirtierduring winter.
W. Marijn van der Meij, Arnaud J. A. M. Temme, Jakob Wallinga, and Michael Sommer
SOIL, 6, 337–358, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-337-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-337-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a model to simulate long-term development of soils and landscapes under varying rainfall and land-use conditions to quantify the temporal variation of soil patterns. In natural landscapes, rainfall amount was the dominant factor influencing soil variation, while for agricultural landscapes, landscape position became the dominant factor due to tillage erosion. Our model shows potential for simulating past and future developments of soils in various landscapes and climates.
Jalal Samia, Arnaud Temme, Arnold Bregt, Jakob Wallinga, Fausto Guzzetti, and Francesca Ardizzone
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 271–285, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-271-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-271-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
For the Collazzone study area in Italy, we quantified how much landslides follow others using Ripley's K function, finding that susceptibility is increased within 60 m and 17 years after a previous landslide. We then calculated the increased susceptibility for every pixel and for the 17-time-slice landslide inventory. We used these as additional explanatory variables in susceptibility modelling. Model performance increased substantially with this landslide history component included.
Elizabeth L. Chamberlain and Jakob Wallinga
Earth Surf. Dynam., 7, 723–736, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-723-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-723-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Sand and mud may take many different pathways within a river as they travel from inland to the coast. During the trip, grains may be exposed to daylight, resetting a signal trapped within certain minerals. The signal can be measured in a laboratory to estimate the time since last light exposure. Here, we measure the trapped signal of sand and mud grains from the Mississippi River and its banks. We use this information to infer sediment pathways. Such knowledge is useful for delta management.
Cathelijne R. Stoof, Jasper H. J. Candel, Laszlo A. G. M. van der Wal, and Gert Peek
SOIL, 5, 159–175, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-159-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-159-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Teaching and outreach of soils is often done with real-life snapshots of soils and sediments in lacquer or glue peels. While it may seem hard, anyone can make such a peel. Illustrated with handmade drawings and an instructional video, we explain how to capture soils in peels using readily available materials. A new twist to old methods makes this safer, simpler, and more successful, and thus a true DIY (do-it-yourself) activity, highlighting the value and beauty of the ground below our feet.
Jasper H. J. Candel, Maarten G. Kleinhans, Bart Makaske, Wim Z. Hoek, Cindy Quik, and Jakob Wallinga
Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 723–741, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-723-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-723-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we show how the Overijsselse Vecht river changed from a laterally stable to a meandering river ca. 500 years ago. We developed a methodology to reconstruct the historical discharge and found that the change in river style was caused by an increase in peak discharges. This increase was likely caused by the Little Ice Age and land use changes in the catchment (peat reclamation and exploitation). This study shows how river style changes as a result of discharge regime changes.
Cindy Quik and Jakob Wallinga
Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 705–721, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-705-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-705-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Identifying contemporary river migration rates is often based on aerial photos or recent topographical maps. Here, we propose to use river sediments as an archive to look further back in time using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating and develop a modelling procedure for the joint analysis of dating results and historical maps. The procedure is applied to the Overijsselse Vecht river in The Netherlands, and we show that the river migrated with 0.9–2.6 m yr−1 between 1400 and 1900 CE.
Fernando Jaramillo, Neil Cory, Berit Arheimer, Hjalmar Laudon, Ype van der Velde, Thomas B. Hasper, Claudia Teutschbein, and Johan Uddling
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 567–580, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-567-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-567-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Which is the dominant effect on evapotranspiration in northern forests, an increase by recent forests expansion or a decrease by the water use response due to increasing CO2 concentrations? We determined the dominant effect during the period 1961–2012 in 65 Swedish basins. We used the Budyko framework to study the hydroclimatic movements in Budyko space. Our findings suggest that forest expansion is the dominant driver of long-term and large-scale evapotranspiration changes.
Stefanie R. Lutz, Ype van der Velde, Omniea F. Elsayed, Gwenaël Imfeld, Marie Lefrancq, Sylvain Payraudeau, and Boris M. van Breukelen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 5243–5261, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5243-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5243-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents concentration and carbon isotope data of two herbicides from a small agricultural catchment. Herbicide concentrations at the catchment outlet were highest after intense rainfall events. The isotope data indicated herbicide degradation within 2 months after application. The system was modelled with a conceptual mathematical model using the transport formulation by travel-time distributions, which allowed testing of various assumptions of pesticide transport and degradation.
Kees Nooren, Wim Z. Hoek, Tim Winkels, Annika Huizinga, Hans Van der Plicht, Remke L. Van Dam, Sytze Van Heteren, Manfred J. Van Bergen, Maarten A. Prins, Tony Reimann, Jakob Wallinga, Kim M. Cohen, Philip Minderhoud, and Hans Middelkoop
Earth Surf. Dynam., 5, 529–556, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-529-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-529-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We demonstrate that the world's largest beach-ridge plain in southern Mexico was formed under an ample long-term fluvial sediment supply. The beach-ridge elevation is strongly influenced by aeolian accretion during the time when the ridge is located next to the beach. The beach-ridge elevation is negatively correlated with the progradation rate, which we relate to the variability in sediment supply to the coastal zone, reflecting decadal-scale precipitation changes within the river catchment.
Patrick W. Bogaart, Ype van der Velde, Steve W. Lyon, and Stefan C. Dekker
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 1413–1432, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1413-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1413-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We analyse how stream discharge declines after rain storms. This "recession" behaviour contains information about the capacity of the catchment to hold or release water. Looking at many rivers in Sweden, we were able to link distinct recession regimes to land use and catchment characteristics. Trends in recession behaviour are found to correspond to intensifying agriculture and extensive reforestation. We conclude that both humans and nature reorganizes the soil in order to enhance efficiency.
Saskia D. Keesstra, Johan Bouma, Jakob Wallinga, Pablo Tittonell, Pete Smith, Artemi Cerdà, Luca Montanarella, John N. Quinton, Yakov Pachepsky, Wim H. van der Putten, Richard D. Bardgett, Simon Moolenaar, Gerben Mol, Boris Jansen, and Louise O. Fresco
SOIL, 2, 111–128, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-111-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-111-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Soil science, as a land-related discipline, has links to several of the UN Sustainable Development Goals which are demonstrated through the functions of soils and related ecosystem services. We discuss how soil scientists can rise to the challenge both internally and externally in terms of our relations with colleagues in other disciplines, diverse groups of stakeholders and the policy arena. To meet these goals we recommend the set of steps to be taken by the soil science community as a whole.
J. C. Rozemeijer, A. Visser, W. Borren, M. Winegram, Y. van der Velde, J. Klein, and H. P. Broers
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 347–358, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-347-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-347-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Controlled drainage has been recognized as an effective option to optimize soil moisture conditions for agriculture and to reduce unnecessary losses of fresh water and nutrients. For a grassland field in the Netherlands, we measured the changes in the field water and solute balance after introducing controlled drainage. We concluded that controlled drainage reduced the drain discharge and increased the groundwater storage in the field, but did not have clear positive effects for water quality.
A. C. Cunningham, J. Wallinga, N. Hobo, A. J. Versendaal, B. Makaske, and H. Middelkoop
Earth Surf. Dynam., 3, 55–65, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-3-55-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-3-55-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Rivers transport sediment from mountains to coast, but on the way sediment is trapped and re-eroded multiple times. We looked at Rhine river sediments to see if they preserve evidence of how geomorphic variables have changed over time. We found that measured signals potentially relate to water level and river management practices. These relationships can be treated as hypotheses to guide further research, and our statistical approach will increase the utility of research in this field.
B. J. Dermody, R. P. H. van Beek, E. Meeks, K. Klein Goldewijk, W. Scheidel, Y. van der Velde, M. F. P. Bierkens, M. J. Wassen, and S. C. Dekker
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 5025–5040, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-5025-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-5025-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
Our virtual water network of the Roman World shows that virtual water trade and irrigation provided the Romans with resilience to interannual climate variability. Virtual water trade enabled the Romans to meet food demands from regions with a surplus. Irrigation provided stable water supplies for agriculture, particularly in large river catchments. However, virtual water trade also stimulated urbanization and population growth, which eroded Roman resilience to climate variability over time.
B. van der Grift, J. C. Rozemeijer, J. Griffioen, and Y. van der Velde
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 4687–4702, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4687-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4687-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
Exfiltration of anoxic groundwater containing Fe(II) to surface water is an important mechanism controlling P speciation in the lowland catchments. Due to changes in pH and temperature, the Fe(II) oxidation rates were much lower in winter than in summer. This study also shows a fast transformation of dissolved P to structural P during the initial stage of the Fe oxidation process resulting in low dissolved P concentrations in the surface water throughout the year.
Related subject area
Paleobiogeoscience: Terrestrial Record
The optimum fire window: applying the fire–productivity hypothesis to Jurassic climate states
Late Quaternary palaeoenvironmental evolution and sea level oscillation of Santa Catarina Island (southern Brazil)
Diatom responses and geochemical feedbacks to environmental changes at Lake Rauchuagytgyn (Far East Russian Arctic)
The emergence of the tropical rainforest biome in the Cretaceous
Sediment and carbon accumulation in a glacial lake in Chukotka (Arctic Siberia) during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene: combining hydroacoustic profiling and down-core analyses
Wildfire history of the boreal forest of south-western Yakutia (Siberia) over the last two millennia documented by a lake-sediment charcoal record
The transformation of the forest steppe in the lower Danube Plain of southeastern Europe: 6000 years of vegetation and land use dynamics
Century-scale wood nitrogen isotope trajectories from an oak savanna with variable fire frequencies
Fire hazard modulation by long-term dynamics in land cover and dominant forest type in eastern and central Europe
Stable isotope signatures of Holocene syngenetic permafrost trace seabird presence in the Thule District (NW Greenland)
Preliminary evaluation of the potential of tree-ring cellulose content as a novel supplementary proxy in dendroclimatology
A new quantitative approach to identify reworking in Eocene to Miocene pollen records from offshore Antarctica using red fluorescence and digital imaging
The environmental and evolutionary history of Lake Ohrid (FYROM/Albania): interim results from the SCOPSCO deep drilling project
Yedoma Ice Complex of the Buor Khaya Peninsula (southern Laptev Sea)
Sedimentary ancient DNA and pollen reveal the composition of plant organic matter in Late Quaternary permafrost sediments of the Buor Khaya Peninsula (north-eastern Siberia)
First tephrostratigraphic results of the DEEP site record from Lake Ohrid (Macedonia and Albania)
Pollen-based paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic change at Lake Ohrid (south-eastern Europe) during the past 500 ka
Age–depth model of the past 630 kyr for Lake Ohrid (FYROM/Albania) based on cyclostratigraphic analysis of downhole gamma ray data
Spatiotemporal patterns of tundra fires: late-Quaternary charcoal records from Alaska
A 22 570-year record of vegetational and climatic change from Wenhai Lake in the Hengduan Mountains biodiversity hotspot, Yunnan, Southwest China
Comment on "Possible source of ancient carbon in phytolith concentrates from harvested grasses" by G. M. Santos et al. (2012)
Chemical composition of modern and fossil hippopotamid teeth and implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions and enamel formation – Part 2: Alkaline earth elements as tracers of watershed hydrochemistry and provenance
Teuntje P. Hollaar, Claire M. Belcher, Micha Ruhl, Jean-François Deconinck, and Stephen P. Hesselbo
Biogeosciences, 21, 2795–2809, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2795-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2795-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Fires are limited in year-round wet climates (tropical rainforests; too wet), and in year-round dry climates (deserts; no fuel). This concept, the intermediate-productivity gradient, explains the global pattern of fire activity. Here we test this concept for climate states of the Jurassic (~190 Myr ago). We find that the intermediate-productivity gradient also applies in the Jurassic despite the very different ecosystem assemblages, with fires most frequent at times of high seasonality.
Lidia A. Kuhn, Karin A. F. Zonneveld, Paulo A. Souza, and Rodrigo R. Cancelli
Biogeosciences, 20, 1843–1861, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1843-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1843-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated changes in coastal ecosystems that reflect environmental changes over the past 6500 years on Brazil's largest oceanic island. This study was motivated by the need to understand the natural evolution of coastal areas to predict future changes. The results highlight the sensitivity of this ecosystem to changes caused by relative sea level variations. As such, it contributes to the debate about potential effects of current climate change induced by global sea level changes.
Boris K. Biskaborn, Amy Forster, Gregor Pfalz, Lyudmila A. Pestryakova, Kathleen Stoof-Leichsenring, Jens Strauss, Tim Kröger, and Ulrike Herzschuh
Biogeosciences, 20, 1691–1712, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1691-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1691-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Lake sediment from the Russian Arctic was studied for microalgae and organic matter chemistry dated back to the last glacial 28 000 years. Species and chemistry responded to environmental changes such as the Younger Dryas cold event and the Holocene thermal maximum. Organic carbon accumulation correlated with rates of microalgae deposition only during warm episodes but not during the cold glacial.
Clément Coiffard, Haytham El Atfy, Johan Renaudie, Robert Bussert, and Dieter Uhl
Biogeosciences, 20, 1145–1154, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1145-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1145-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Eighty-million-year-old fossil leaf assemblages suggest a widespread distribution of tropical rainforest in northeastern Africa.
Stuart A. Vyse, Ulrike Herzschuh, Gregor Pfalz, Lyudmila A. Pestryakova, Bernhard Diekmann, Norbert Nowaczyk, and Boris K. Biskaborn
Biogeosciences, 18, 4791–4816, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4791-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4791-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Lakes act as important stores of organic carbon and inorganic sediment material. This study provides a first investigation into carbon and sediment accumulation and storage within an Arctic glacial lake from Far East Russia. It shows that major shifts are related to palaeoclimate variation that affects the development of the lake and its surrounding catchment. Spatial differences to other lake systems from other regions may reflect variability in processes controlled by latitude and altitude.
Ramesh Glückler, Ulrike Herzschuh, Stefan Kruse, Andrei Andreev, Stuart Andrew Vyse, Bettina Winkler, Boris K. Biskaborn, Luidmila Pestryakova, and Elisabeth Dietze
Biogeosciences, 18, 4185–4209, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4185-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4185-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Data about past fire activity are very sparse in Siberia. This study presents a first high-resolution record of charcoal particles from lake sediments in boreal eastern Siberia. It indicates that current levels of charcoal accumulation are not unprecedented. While a recent increase in reconstructed fire frequency coincides with rising temperatures and increasing human activity, vegetation composition does not seem to be a major driver behind changes in the fire regime in the past two millennia.
Angelica Feurdean, Roxana Grindean, Gabriela Florescu, Ioan Tanţău, Eva M. Niedermeyer, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Simon M. Hutchinson, Anne Brigitte Nielsen, Tiberiu Sava, Andrei Panait, Mihaly Braun, and Thomas Hickler
Biogeosciences, 18, 1081–1103, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1081-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1081-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Here we used multi-proxy analyses from Lake Oltina (Romania) and quantitatively examine the past 6000 years of the forest steppe in the lower Danube Plain, one of the oldest areas of human occupation in southeastern Europe. We found the greatest tree cover between 6000 and 2500 cal yr BP. Forest loss was under way by 2500 yr BP, falling to ~20 % tree cover linked to clearance for agriculture. The weak signs of forest recovery over the past 2500 years highlight recurring anthropogenic pressure.
Matthew L. Trumper, Daniel Griffin, Sarah E. Hobbie, Ian M. Howard, David M. Nelson, Peter B. Reich, and Kendra K. McLauchlan
Biogeosciences, 17, 4509–4522, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4509-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4509-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We developed century-scale records of wood nitrogen isotopes (δ15N) from 16 trees across a long-term savanna fire experiment. Results show similar long-term trajectories in three out of four burn treatments. Lack of evidence to support our hypotheses underscores the complexity of nitrogen dynamics inferred from wood δ15N. This is the first study to our knowledge to investigate multi-decadal effects of fire at different return intervals on wood δ15N, a potential proxy of nitrogen availability.
Angelica Feurdean, Boris Vannière, Walter Finsinger, Dan Warren, Simon C. Connor, Matthew Forrest, Johan Liakka, Andrei Panait, Christian Werner, Maja Andrič, Premysl Bobek, Vachel A. Carter, Basil Davis, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Elisabeth Dietze, Ingo Feeser, Gabriela Florescu, Mariusz Gałka, Thomas Giesecke, Susanne Jahns, Eva Jamrichová, Katarzyna Kajukało, Jed Kaplan, Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek, Piotr Kołaczek, Petr Kuneš, Dimitry Kupriyanov, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Carsten Lemmen, Enikö K. Magyari, Katarzyna Marcisz, Elena Marinova, Aidin Niamir, Elena Novenko, Milena Obremska, Anna Pędziszewska, Mirjam Pfeiffer, Anneli Poska, Manfred Rösch, Michal Słowiński, Miglė Stančikaitė, Marta Szal, Joanna Święta-Musznicka, Ioan Tanţău, Martin Theuerkauf, Spassimir Tonkov, Orsolya Valkó, Jüri Vassiljev, Siim Veski, Ildiko Vincze, Agnieszka Wacnik, Julian Wiethold, and Thomas Hickler
Biogeosciences, 17, 1213–1230, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1213-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1213-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Our study covers the full Holocene (the past 11 500 years) climate variability and vegetation composition and provides a test on how vegetation and climate interact to determine fire hazard. An important implication of this test is that percentage of tree cover can be used as a predictor of the probability of fire occurrence. Biomass burned is highest at ~ 45 % tree cover in temperate forests and at ~ 60–65 % tree cover in needleleaf-dominated forests.
Sebastian Wetterich, Thomas A. Davidson, Anatoly Bobrov, Thomas Opel, Torben Windirsch, Kasper L. Johansen, Ivan González-Bergonzoni, Anders Mosbech, and Erik Jeppesen
Biogeosciences, 16, 4261–4275, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4261-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4261-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The effects of seabird presence on permafrost peat evolution in NW Greenland were studied by tracing changes in stable C and N isotope composition along the path from bird sources into permafrost peat. The permafrost growth was triggered by organic matter and nutrient input since the neoglacial cooling and concurrent polynya establishment. The study deals with the complex response of biologic and permafrost dynamics to High Arctic climatic and oceanographic conditions of the Late Holocene.
Malin M. Ziehmer, Kurt Nicolussi, Christian Schlüchter, and Markus Leuenberger
Biogeosciences, 15, 1047–1064, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1047-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1047-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Cellulose content (CC (%)) series from two high-Alpine species, Larix decidua Mill. (European larch, LADE) and Pinus cembra L. (Swiss stone pine, PICE) are investigated in modern wood samples and Holocene wood remains from the Early and mid-Holocene. Trends in modern and Holocene time series as well as climate–cellulose relationships for modern trees in the Alps show high potential for CC (%) to be established as novel supplementary proxy in dendroclimatology.
Stephanie L. Strother, Ulrich Salzmann, Francesca Sangiorgi, Peter K. Bijl, Jörg Pross, Carlota Escutia, Ariadna Salabarnada, Matthew J. Pound, Jochen Voss, and John Woodward
Biogeosciences, 14, 2089–2100, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2089-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2089-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
One of the main challenges in Antarctic vegetation reconstructions is the uncertainty in unambiguously identifying reworked pollen and spore assemblages in marine sedimentary records influenced by waxing and waning ice sheets. This study uses red fluorescence and digital imaging as a new tool to identify reworking in a marine sediment core from circum-Antarctic waters to reconstruct Cenozoic climate change and vegetation with high confidence.
Bernd Wagner, Thomas Wilke, Alexander Francke, Christian Albrecht, Henrike Baumgarten, Adele Bertini, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Aleksandra Cvetkoska, Michele D'Addabbo, Timme H. Donders, Kirstin Föller, Biagio Giaccio, Andon Grazhdani, Torsten Hauffe, Jens Holtvoeth, Sebastien Joannin, Elena Jovanovska, Janna Just, Katerina Kouli, Andreas Koutsodendris, Sebastian Krastel, Jack H. Lacey, Niklas Leicher, Melanie J. Leng, Zlatko Levkov, Katja Lindhorst, Alessia Masi, Anna M. Mercuri, Sebastien Nomade, Norbert Nowaczyk, Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos, Odile Peyron, Jane M. Reed, Eleonora Regattieri, Laura Sadori, Leonardo Sagnotti, Björn Stelbrink, Roberto Sulpizio, Slavica Tofilovska, Paola Torri, Hendrik Vogel, Thomas Wagner, Friederike Wagner-Cremer, George A. Wolff, Thomas Wonik, Giovanni Zanchetta, and Xiaosen S. Zhang
Biogeosciences, 14, 2033–2054, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2033-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2033-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Lake Ohrid is considered to be the oldest existing lake in Europe. Moreover, it has a very high degree of endemic biodiversity. During a drilling campaign at Lake Ohrid in 2013, a 569 m long sediment sequence was recovered from Lake Ohrid. The ongoing studies of this record provide first important information on the environmental and evolutionary history of the lake and the reasons for its high endimic biodiversity.
Lutz Schirrmeister, Georg Schwamborn, Pier Paul Overduin, Jens Strauss, Margret C. Fuchs, Mikhail Grigoriev, Irina Yakshina, Janet Rethemeyer, Elisabeth Dietze, and Sebastian Wetterich
Biogeosciences, 14, 1261–1283, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1261-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1261-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate late Pleistocene permafrost at the Buor Khaya Peninsula (Laptev Sea, Siberia) for cryolithological, geochemical, and geochronological parameters. The sequences were composed of ice-oversaturated silts and fine-grained sands with 0.2 to 24 wt% of organic matter. The deposition was between 54.1 and 9.7 kyr BP. Due to coastal erosion, the biogeochemical signature of the deposits represents the terrestrial end-member, and is related to organic matter deposited in the marine realm.
Heike Hildegard Zimmermann, Elena Raschke, Laura Saskia Epp, Kathleen Rosmarie Stoof-Leichsenring, Georg Schwamborn, Lutz Schirrmeister, Pier Paul Overduin, and Ulrike Herzschuh
Biogeosciences, 14, 575–596, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-575-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-575-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Organic matter stored in permafrost will start decomposing due to climate warming. To better understand its composition in ice-rich Yedoma, we analyzed ancient sedimentary DNA, pollen and non-pollen palynomorphs throughout an 18.9 m long permafrost core. The combination of both proxies allow an interpretation both of regional floristic changes and of the local environmental conditions at the time of deposition.
Niklas Leicher, Giovanni Zanchetta, Roberto Sulpizio, Biagio Giaccio, Bernd Wagner, Sebastien Nomade, Alexander Francke, and Paola Del Carlo
Biogeosciences, 13, 2151–2178, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2151-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2151-2016, 2016
Laura Sadori, Andreas Koutsodendris, Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos, Alessia Masi, Adele Bertini, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Alexander Francke, Katerina Kouli, Sébastien Joannin, Anna Maria Mercuri, Odile Peyron, Paola Torri, Bernd Wagner, Giovanni Zanchetta, Gaia Sinopoli, and Timme H. Donders
Biogeosciences, 13, 1423–1437, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1423-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1423-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Lake Ohrid (FYROM/Albania) is the deepest, largest and oldest lake in Europe. To understand the climatic and environmental evolution of its area, a palynological study was undertaken for the last 500 ka. We found a correspondence between forested/non-forested periods and glacial-interglacial cycles of marine isotope stratigraphy. Our record shows a progressive change from cooler and wetter to warmer and dryer interglacial conditions. This shift is also visible in glacial vegetation.
H. Baumgarten, T. Wonik, D. C. Tanner, A. Francke, B. Wagner, G. Zanchetta, R. Sulpizio, B. Giaccio, and S. Nomade
Biogeosciences, 12, 7453–7465, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-7453-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-7453-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Gamma ray (GR) fluctuations and K values from downhole logging data obtained in the sediments of Lake Ohrid correlate with the global climate reference record (LR04 stack from δ18O) (Lisiecki and Raymo, 2005). GR and K values are considered a reliable proxy to depict glacial-interglacial cycles and document warm, humid and cold, drier periods. A robust age model for the downhole logging data over the past 630kyr was established and will play a crucial role for other working groups.
M. L. Chipman, V. Hudspith, P. E. Higuera, P. A. Duffy, R. Kelly, W. W. Oswald, and F. S. Hu
Biogeosciences, 12, 4017–4027, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4017-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4017-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Tundra fires may have increased as a result of anthropogenic climate change. To evaluate this hypothesis in the context of natural variability, we reconstructed fire history of the late Quaternary in the Alaskan tundra. Fire-return intervals are spatially variable, ranging from 1648 to 6045 years at our sites. The rarity of historical fires implies that increased fire frequency may greatly alter the structure and function of tundra ecosystems.
Y. F. Yao, X. Y. Song, A. H. Wortley, S. Blackmore, and C. S. Li
Biogeosciences, 12, 1525–1535, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1525-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1525-2015, 2015
L. A. Sullivan and J. F. Parr
Biogeosciences, 10, 977–980, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-977-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-977-2013, 2013
G. Brügmann, J. Krause, T. C. Brachert, B. Stoll, U. Weis, O. Kullmer, I. Ssemmanda, and D. F. Mertz
Biogeosciences, 9, 4803–4817, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4803-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4803-2012, 2012
Cited articles
AHN: De details van het Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland [Details of the
Digital Elevation Model of The Netherlands], https://ahn.maps.arcgis.com/apps/Cascade/index.html?appid=75245be5e0384d47856d2b912fc1b7ed, last access: 11 October 2021a (in Dutch).
AHN: Kwaliteitsbeschrijving Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland [Quality
description Digital Elevation Model of The Netherlands],
https://www.ahn.nl/kwaliteitsbeschrijving, last access: 11 October 2021b (in Dutch).
Almquist-Jacobson, H. and Foster, D. R.: Toward an integrated model for
raised-bog development: Theory and field evidence, Ecology, 76, 2503–2516,
https://doi.org/10.2307/2265824, 1995.
Altenburg, W., Bijkerk, W., Douwes, R., and Straathof, N.: Neergang en opkomst van het
Fochteloërveen: resultaten van 30 jaar hoogveenherstel, De Levende Natuur, 118, 79–84, 2017.
Anderson, R. L., Foster, D. R., and Motzkin, G.: Integrating lateral
expansion into models of peatland development in temperate New England, J.
Ecol., 91, 68–76, 2003.
Archis: Archeologisch Informatiesysteem,
https://archis.cultureelerfgoed.nl/, last access: 8 November 2019 (in Dutch).
Baird, A., Morris, P., and Belyea, L.: The DigiBog peatland development
model 1: rationale, conceptual model, and hydrological basis, Ecohydrology,
5, 242–255, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.230, 2012.
Bauer, I. E., Gignac, L. D., and Vitt, D. H.: Development of a peatland
complex in boreal western Canada: Lateral site expansion and local
variability in vegetation succession and long-term peat accumulation, Can.
J. Bot., 81, 833–847, https://doi.org/10.1139/b03-076, 2003.
Berendsen, H. J. A. and Stouthamer, E.: Late Weichselian and Holocene palaeogeography of the
Rhine-Meuse delta, the Netherlands, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 161, 311–335, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(00)00073-0, 2000.
Berendsen, H. and Stouthamer, E.: Palaeogeographic development of the Rhine-Meuse delta, the Netherlands, Van Gorcum, Assen, 2001.
Berendsen, H. J. A., Makaske, B., Van de Plassche, O., Van Ree, M. H. M.,
Das, S., Van Dongen, M., Ploumen, S., and Schoenmakers, W.: New
groundwater-level rise data from the Rhine-Meuse delta – Implications for
the reconstruction of Holocene relative mean sea-level rise and differential
land-level movements, Geol, Mijnbouw-N. J. G., 86,
333–354, https://doi.org/10.1017/s0016774600023568, 2007.
Bos, I. J.: Architecture and facies distribution of organic-clastic lake
fills in the fluvio-deltaic Rhine-Meuse system, The Netherlands, J.
Sediment. Res., 80, 339–356, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2010.035, 2010.
Bos, I. J., Busschers, F. S., and Hoek, W. Z.: Organic-facies determination:
A key for understanding facies distribution in the basal peat layer of the
Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta, The Netherlands, Sedimentology, 59, 676–703,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2011.01271.x, 2012.
Bosch, J. H. A.: Assen West (12W), Assen Oost (12O). Toelichtingen bij de
geologische kaart van Nederland 1 : 50.000, Rijks Geologische Dienst, Haarlem,
188 pp., ISBN: 9789012063241, 1990.
Breiman, L.: Random Forests, Mach. Learn., 45, 5–32,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010933404324, 2001.
Breuning-Madsen, H., Bird, K. L., Balstrøm, T., Elberling, B., Kroon, A.,
and Lei, E. B.: Development of plateau dunes controlled by iron pan
formation and changes in land use and climate, Catena, 171, 580–587,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2018.07.011, 2018.
Bronk Ramsey, C.: Radiocarbon Calibration and Analysis of Stratigraphy: The
OxCal Program, Radiocarbon, 37, 425–430,
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200030903, 1995.
Casparie, W. A.: De twee IJzertijd houten veenwegen I(SM) en II(SM) bij de
Suermondswijk te Smilde, Nieuwe Drentse Volksalm, 102, 145–169, 1985.
Casparie, W. A.: The Bourtanger Moor: endurance and vulnerability of a
raised bog system, Hydrobiologia, 265, 203–215,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00007269, 1993.
Chapman, H., Gearey, B. R., Bamforth, M., Bermingham, N., Marshall, P.,
Powlesland, I., Taylor, M., and Whitehoude, N.: Modelling archaeology and
palaeoenvironments in wetlands: the hidden landscape archaeology of Hatfield
and Thorne Moors, eastern England, edited by: Chapman, H. P. and Gearey, B. R., 205 pp., ISBN 978-1-78297-174-0, 2013.
Charman, D.: Origins and Peat Initiation, in: Peatlands and Environmental
Change, edited by: Charman, D., John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester,
73–91, ISBN 9780470844106, 2002a.
Charman, D.: Peat and peatlands, in: Peatlands and Environmental Change,
edited by: Charman, D., John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, 3–23, ISBN 9780470844106, 2002b.
Cohen, K. M., Gibbard, P. L., and Weerts, H. J.: North sea palaeogeographical reconstructions
for the last 1 Ma, Geologie en Mijnbouw/Netherlands Journal of Geosciences, 93, 7–29, https://doi.org/10.1017/njg.2014.12, 2014.
Crawford, R. M. M., Jeffree, C. E., and Rees, W. G.: Paludification and
forest retreat in northern oceanic environments, Ann. Bot., 91, 213–226,
https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcf185, 2003.
Crushell, P., Connolly, A., Schouten, M., and Mitchell, F. J. G.: The
changing landscape of Clara Bog: The history of an Irish raised bog, Irish
Geogr., 41, 89–111, https://doi.org/10.1080/00750770801915596, 2008.
Dee, M. W., Palstra, S. W. L., Aerts-Bijma, A. T., Bleeker, M. O., De
Bruijn, S., Ghebru, F., Jansen, H. G., Kuitems, M., Paul, D., Richie, R. R.,
Spriensma, J. J., Scifo, A., Van Zonneveld, D., Verstappen-Dumoulin, B. M.
A. A., Wietzes-Land, P., and Meijer, H. A. J.: Radiocarbon dating at
Groningen: New and updated chemical pretreatment procedures, Radiocarbon,
62, 63–74, https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2019.101, 2020.
DINOloket – TNO: Ondergrondgegevens, Geologisch Booronderzoek, https://www.dinoloket.nl/, last access: 19 April 2022 (in Dutch).
Douwes, R. and Straathof, N.: 14. Het Fochteloërveen, in: Hoogvenen:
Landschapsecologie, behoud, beheer, herstel, edited by: Jansen, A. and
Grootjans, A., Noordboek Natuur, Gorredijk, 133–147, ISBN 9789056155520, 2019 (in Dutch).
Edvardsson, J., Poska, A., Van der Putten, N., Rundgren, M., Linderson, H.,
and Hammarlund, D.: Late-Holocene expansion of a south Swedish peatland and
its impact on marginal ecosystems: Evidence from dendrochronology, peat
stratigraphy and palaeobotanical data, Holocene, 24, 466–476,
https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683613520255, 2014.
Eijkelkamp Soil & Water: Peat sampler, Eijkelkamp Soil & Water,
Giesbeek, 1–7, 2018.
ESRI: Charted Territory Map, https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=d582a9e953c44c09bb998c7d9b66f8d4 (last access: 10 June 2022),
2022.
Fokkens, H.: Drowned landscape – The occupation of the western part of the
Frisian-Drentian Plateau, 4400 BC–AD 500, edited by: van Regteren Altena, J. F., Van Gorcum & Comp. BV and
Rijksdienst voor het Oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek (ROB), Assen, 183 pp., ISBN 9789023233053,
1998.
Foster, D., Wright, H., Thelaus, M., and King, G.: Bog development and
landform dynamics in Central Sweden and South-Eastern Labrador, Canada, J.
Ecol., 76, 1164–1185, 1988.
Frolking, S., Roulet, N. T., Tuittila, E., Bubier, J. L., Quillet, A., Talbot, J., and Richard, P. J. H.: A new model of Holocene peatland net primary production, decomposition, water balance, and peat accumulation, Earth Syst. Dynam., 1, 1–21, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-1-1-2010, 2010.
Gerding, M.: Vier eeuwen turfwinning, De verveningen in Groningen,
Friesland, Drenthe en Overijssel tussen 1550 en 1950, Wageningen University,
Wageningen, 533 pp., 1995 (in Dutch).
Grondwatertools – TNO: LHM laag 1, berekeningswijze: LHM, https://www.grondwatertools.nl/gwsinbeeld/ (last access: 24 January 2022), 2022 (in Dutch).
Hijma, M.: From river valley to estuary, PhD thesis, Netherlands Geographical Studies 389,
Koninklijk Nederlands Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Faculteit Geowetenschappen Universiteit Utrecht, 2009.
International Peatland Society: Types of peatlands, https://peatlands.org/peatlands/types-of-peatlands/#:~:text=Geogenous%20peatlands%2C%20i.e.%20fens%2C%20are%20nutrient-rich%20%28minerotrophic%29%20and,Vegetation%20is%20dominated%20by%20grasses%2C%20sedges%2C%20and%20rushes, last access: 16 June 2022.
IUSS Working Group WRB: World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014, update 2015: International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps. World Soil Resources Reports No. 106, 192 pp., FAO, Rome,
E-ISBN 978-92-5-108370-3, 2015.
Jones, M. C. and Yu, Z.: Rapid deglacial and early Holocene expansion of
peatlands in Alaska, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 107, 7347–7352,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0911387107, 2010.
Jongmans, A. G., Van den Berg, M. W., Sonneveld, M. P. W., Peek, G. J. W. C., and Van
den Berg van Saparoea, R. M. (Eds.): Deel V: Veen, in: Landschappen van Nederland –
Geologie, Bodem en Landgebruik,
Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, 942 pp., ISBN 9789086862139, 2013 (in Dutch).
Joosten, H. and Clarke, D.: Wise use of mires and peatlands – Background and
principles including a framework for decision-making, International Mire
Conservation Group (IMCG) & International Peatland Society (IPS), 304
pp., ISBN 951-97744-8-3, 2002.
Joosten, H., Grootjans, A., Schouten, M., and Jansen, A.: Netherlands, in:
Mires and peatlands in Europe: Status, distribution and conservation, edited
by: Joosten, H., Tanneberger, F., and Moen, A., Schweizerbart Science
Publishers, Stuttgart, 523–535, ISBN 9783510653836, 2017.
Klaver, E.: Een Holocene vegetatie successie in het Fochtelooerveen,
Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 48 pp., 1981 (in Dutch).
KNMI: Klimaattabel Station Eelde, periode 1991–2020, 2021 (in Dutch).
Korhola, A.: Radiocarbon evidence for rates of lateral expansion in raised
mires in southern Finland, Quaternary Res., 42, 299–307, 1994.
Korhola, A.: Initiation of a sloping mire complex in southwestern Finland:
Autogenic versus allogenic controls, Ecoscience, 3, 216–222, 1996.
Korhola, A., Ruppel, M., Seppä, H., Väliranta, M., Virtanen, T., and
Weckström, J.: The importance of northern peatland expansion to the
late-Holocene rise of atmospheric methane, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 29, 611–617,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.12.010, 2010.
Koster, E.: Aeolian Environments, in: Physical Geography of Western Europe,
edited by: Koster, E. A., Oxford University Press, Oxford, 139–160, 2005.
Koster, E. A.: Ancient and modern cold-climate aeolian sand deposition: a
review, J. Quaternary Sci., 3, 69–83, 1988.
Limpens, J.: Prospects for Sphagnum bogs subject to high nitrogen
deposition, PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 140 pp., 2003.
Loisel, J., Yu, Z., Parsekian, A., Nolan, J., and Slater, L.: Quantifying
landscape morphology influence on peatland lateral expansion using
ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and peat core analysis, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 118, 373–384, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrg.20029, 2013.
Macdonald, G. M., Beilman, D. W., Kremenetski, K. V., Sheng, Y., Smith, L.
C., and Velichko, A. A.: Rapid early development of circumarctic peatlands
and atmospheric CH4 and CO2 variations, Science, 314, 285–288,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1131722, 2006.
Mäkilä, M.: Holocene lateral expansion, peat growth and carbon
accumulation on Haukkasuo, a raised bog in southeastern Finland, Boreas, 26,
1–14, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.1997.tb00647.x, 1997.
Mäkilä, M. and Moisanen, M.: Holocene lateral expansion and carbon
accumulation of Luovuoma, a northern fen in finnish Lapland, Boreas, 36,
198–210, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2007.tb01192.x, 2007.
Meijles, E. W., Kiden, P., Streurman, H. J., van der Plicht, J., Vos, P. C.,
Gehrels, W. R., and Kopp, R. E.: Holocene relative mean sea-level changes in
the Wadden Sea area, northern Netherlands, J. Quaternary Sci., 33, 905–923,
https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3068, 2018.
Ministerie van Economische Zaken: Natura 2000-gebieden peildatum 27 augustus
2018, Ministerie van Economische Zaken [data set], 2018 (in Dutch).
Ministerie van Verkeer en Waterstaat: Landelijke CONCEPT dataset lijnvormige
waterlichamen status mrt 2007, Ministerie van Verkeer en Waterstaat [data set], 2007 (in Dutch).
Moore, P.: The origin of blanket mire, revisited, in: Climate change and
human impact on the landscape, edited by: Chambers, F., Chapman and Hal,
London, 217–224, ISBN
9780412462009, 1993.
Moore, P. D.: Origin of blanket mires, Nature, 256, 267–269,
https://doi.org/10.1038/256267a0, 1975.
Morris, P., Baird, A., and Belyea, L.: The DigiBog peatland development
model 2: ecohydrological simulations in 2D, Ecohydrology, 5, 256–268,
https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.229, 2012.
Morris, P. J., Swindles, G. T., Valdes, P. J., Ivanovic, R. F., Gregoire, L.
J., Smith, M. W., Tarasov, L., Haywood, A. M., and Bacon, K. L.: Global
peatland initiation driven by regionally asynchronous warming, P. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA, 115, 4851–4856,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1717838115, 2018.
Oliver, M. A. and Webster, R.: A tutorial guide to geostatistics: Computing
and modelling variograms and kriging, Catena, 113, 56–69,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2013.09.006, 2014.
Peregon, A., Uchida, M., and Yamagata, Y.: Lateral extension in Sphagnum
mires along the southern margin of the boreal region, Western Siberia,
Environ. Res. Lett., 4, 045028, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/4/4/045028, 2009.
Pierik, H. J., Cohen, K. M., Vos, P. C., Van der Spek, A. J. F., and Stouthamer, E.: Late Holocene
coastal-plain evolution of the Netherlands: the role of natural preconditions in human-induced sea
ingressions, P. Geologists' Assoc., 128, 180–197, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2016.12.002, 2017.
Provincie Drenthe: Beheerplan Fochteloërveen – Op weg naar een levend
hoogveen, Provincie Drenthe, Assen, 188 pp., 2016 (in Dutch).
Provincie Drenthe: Dikte van het keileempakket in Drenthe, in meters, https://kaartportaal.drenthe.nl/portal/home/item.html?id=109e34c7141147178fbd523060170c42,
last access: 16 June 2022 (in Dutch).
Prummel, W. and Niekus, M. J. L. T.: Late Mesolithic hunting of a small
female aurochs in the valley of the River Tjonger (the Netherlands) in the
light of Mesolithic aurochs hunting in NW Europe, J. Archaeol. Sci., 38,
1456–1467, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2011.02.009, 2011.
Pynacker, C.: Drenthe – Drentia Comitatus – Transiselaniae Tabula II, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Drenthe_-_Drentia_Comitatus_-_ Transiselaniae_Tabula_II_(Cornelio_Pynacker,_1664).jpg (last access: 24 July 2022), 1664.
Quik, C., Velde, Y. van der, Harkema, T., Van der Plicht, H., Quik, J.,
Beek, R. van, and Wallinga, J.: Using legacy data to reconstruct the past?
Rescue, rigor and reuse in peatland geochronology, Earth Surf. Process., 46, 2607–2631, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5196, 2021.
Quik, C., Palstra, S. W. L., Van Beek, R., Van der Velde, Y., Candel, J. H.
J., Van der Linden, M., Kubiak-Martens, L., Swindles, G. T., Makaske, B.,
and Wallinga, J.: Dating basal peat: The geochronology of peat initiation
revisited, Quat. Geochronol., 72, 1–22,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2022.101278, 2022.
Quik, C., Van der Velde, Y., Candel, J., Steinbuch, L., Van Beek, R., and
Wallinga, J.: Data from: Faded landscape: unravelling peatland initiation
and lateral expansion at one of NW-Europe's largest bog remnants, 4TU.ResearchData [data set],
https://doi.org/10.4121/20237958, 2023.
Rappol, M.: Saalian till in the Netherlands: a review, in: INQUA Symposium
on the Genesis and Lithology of glacial deposits – Amsterdam, 1986, edited by: Van der Meer, J., Balkema, Rotterdam and Boston, 3–21,
1987.
Rappol, M., Haldorsen, S., Jørgensen, P., Van der Meer, J. J. M., and
Stoltenberg, H. M. P.: Composition and origin of petrographically stratified
thick till in the Northern Netherlands and a Saalian glaciation model for
the North Sea basin, Meded. van Werkgr. voor Tert. en Kwart. Geol., 26,
31–64, 1989.
RCE: Paleogeografische kaarten,
https://www.cultureelerfgoed.nl/onderwerpen/bronnen-en-kaarten/overzicht/paleografische-kaarten,
last access: 5 May 2022.
Reimer, P., Austin, W., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Blackwell, P., Bronk Ramsey,
C., Butzin, M., Cheng, H., Edwards, R., Friedrich, M., Grootes, P.,
Guilderson, T., Hajdas, I., Heaton, T., Hogg, A., Hughen, K., Kromer, B.,
Manning, S., Muscheler, R., Palmer, J., Pearson, C., Van der Plicht, J.,
Reimer, R., Richards, D., Scott, E., Southon, J., Turney, C., Wacker, L.,
Adolphi, F., Büntgen, U., Capano, M., Fahrni, S., Fogtmann-Schulz, A.,
Friedrich, R., Köhler, P., Kudsk, S., Miyake, F., Olsen, J., Reinig, F.,
Sakamoto, M., Sookdeo, A., and Talamo, S.: The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere
radiocarbon age calibration curve (0–55 cal kBP), Radiocarbon, 62,
725–757, https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.41, 2020.
Robichaud, A. and Bégin, Y.: Development of a raised bog over 9000 years
in Atlantic Canada, Mires Peat, 5, 1–19, 2009.
Ruppel, M., Väliranta, M., Virtanen, T., and Korhola, A.: Postglacial
spatiotemporal peatland initiation and lateral expansion dynamics in North
America and northern Europe, Holocene, 23, 1596–1606,
https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683613499053, 2013.
Rydin, H. and Jeglum, J. K.: Peatland habitats, in: The Biology of
Peatlands, edited by: Rydin, H. and Jeglum, J. K., Oxford University Press,
Oxford, 1–20, ISBN 9780199602995, 2013a.
Rydin, H. and Jeglum, J. K.: Peatland succession and development, in: The
Biology of Peatlands, edited by: Rydin, H. and Jeglum, J. K., Oxford
University Press, Oxford, 127–147, ISBN 9780199602995, 2013b.
Spek: Het Drentse Esdorpenlandschap – Een historisch-geografische studie,
Uitgeverij Matrijs, Utrecht, in collaboration with Stichting Het Drentse Landschap, 1104 pp., ISBN 978-90-5345-254-7, 2004 (in Dutch).
Staring, W.: De wording van kienhout, Dekker & Huisman, Wildervank, 115
pp., 1983.
Stuiver, M. and Polach, H.: Discussion: Reporting of 14C data, Radiocarbon, 19, 355–363, 1977.
Swindles, G. T., Morris, P. J., Mullan, D. J., Payne, R. J., Roland, T. P.,
Amesbury, M. J., Lamentowicz, M., Turner, T. E., Gallego-Sala, A., Sim, T.,
Barr, I. D., Blaauw, M., Blundell, A., Chambers, F. M., Charman, D. J.,
Feurdean, A., Galloway, J. M., Gałka, M., Green, S. M., Kajukało, K.,
Karofeld, E., Korhola, A., Lamentowicz, Ł., Langdon, P., Marcisz, K.,
Mauquoy, D., Mazei, Y. A., McKeown, M. M., Mitchell, E. A. D., Novenko, E.,
Plunkett, G., Roe, H. M., Schoning, K., Sillasoo, Ü., Tsyganov, A. N.,
van der Linden, M., Väliranta, M., and Warner, B.: Widespread drying of
European peatlands in recent centuries, Nat. Geosci., 12, 922–928,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0462-z, 2019.
Swinnen, W., Broothaerts, N., and Verstraeten, G.: Modelling long-term alluvial-peatland dynamics in temperate river floodplains, Biogeosciences, 18, 6181–6212, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6181-2021, 2021.
Synal, H. A., Stocker, M., and Suter, M.: MICADAS: a new compact radiocarbon
AMS system, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B, 259, 7–13, 2007.
Ter Wee, M.: Geologische opbouw van Drenthe, Rijks Geologische Dienst,
Haarlem, 1–24, 1972 (in Dutch).
Ter Wee, M.: Emmen West (17W), Emmen Oost (17O). Toelichtingen bij de
geologische kaart van Nederland 1 : 50.000, Rijks Geologische Dienst, Haarlem,
218 pp., 1979 (in Dutch).
TNO-GSN: Gieten Member, http://www.dinoloket.nl/en/stratigraphic-nomenclature/gieten-member, last
access: 1 April 2021a (in Dutch).
TNO-GSN: Laagpakket van Wierden, in: Stratigrafische Nomenclator van
Nederland, https://www.dinoloket.nl/en/stratigraphic-nomenclature/wierden-member, last
access: 16 March 2021b (in Dutch).
Tolonen, K. and Turunen, J.: Accumulation rates of carbon in mires in
Finland and implications for climate change, Holocene, 6, 171–178,
https://doi.org/10.1177/095968369600600204, 1996.
TOPCON: Hiper V Versatile Function GNSS Receiver, TOPCON Corporation, 4 pp.,
2017.
Törnqvist, T. E., Van Ree, M. H. M., Van 't Veer, R., and Van Geel, B.:
Improving Methodology for High-Resolution Reconstruction of Sea-Level Rise
and Neotectonics by Paleoecological Analysis and AMS 14C Dating of Basal
Peats, Quaternary Res., 49, 72–85, https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1997.1938, 1998.
Turunen, C. and Turunen, J.: Development history and carbon accumulation of
a slope bog in oceanic British Columbia, Canada, Holocene, 13, 225–238,
https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683603hl609rp, 2003.
Turunen, J., Räty, A., Kuznetsov, O., Maksimov, A., Shevelin, P.,
Grabovik, S., Tolonen, K., Pitkänen, A., Turunen, C., Miriläinen,
J., and Jungner, H. (Eds.): Development history of Patvinsuo Mire, Eastern Finland,
1–72, 2002.
Van Aalst, J. W.: OpenTopo, 200 pixels per km, current release: 2021-R11,
Nov. 2021, map sheet used: 09, https://www.opentopo.nl, last access: 4 April 2022.
Van Asselen, S., Cohen, K. M., and Stouthamer, E.: The impact of avulsion on
groundwater level and peat formation in delta floodbasins during the
middle-Holocene transgression in the Rhine-Meuse delta, The Netherlands,
Holocene, 27, 1694–1706, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683617702224, 2017.
Van Beek, R.: Reliëf in tijd en ruimte – Interdisciplinair onderzoek
naar bewoning en landschap van Oost-Nederland tussen vroege prehistorie en
middeleeuwen, PhD thesis, Wageningen Universiteit, Wageningen, 641 pp., ISBN 9789085854609,
2009 (in Dutch).
Van Beek, R.: An interdisciplinary approach to the long-term history of
raised bogs: A case study at Vriezenveen (the Netherlands), J. Wetl.
Archaeol., 15, 1–33, https://doi.org/10.1080/14732971.2015.1112591, 2015.
Van Beek, R., Maas, G. J., and Van Den Berg, E.: Home Turf: An
interdisciplinary exploration of the long-term development, use and
reclamation of raised bogs in the Netherlands, Landsc. Hist., 36, 5–34,
https://doi.org/10.1080/01433768.2015.1108024, 2015.
Van den Berg, M. W. and Beets, D. J.: Saalian glacial deposits and
morphology in The Netherlands, in: INQUA Symposium on the Genesis and
Lithology of glacial deposits – Amsterdam, 1986, edited by: Van der Meer, J., Balkema, Rotterdam and Boston, 235–251, 1987.
Van der Meij, W. M., Temme, A. J. A. M., Lin, H. S., Gerke, H. H., and
Sommer, M.: On the role of hydrologic processes in soil and landscape
evolution modeling: concepts, complications and partial solutions,
Earth-Sci. Rev., 185, 1088–1106,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.09.001, 2018.
Van der Velde, Y., Temme, A. J. A. M., Nijp, J. J., Braakhekke, M. C., Van
Voorn, G. A. K., Dekker, S. C., Dolman, A. J., Wallinga, J., Devito, K. J.,
Kettridge, N., Mendoza, C. A., Kooistra, L., Soons, M. B., and Teuling, A.
J.: Emerging forest–peatland bistability and resilience of European
peatland carbon stores, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 118, 1–9,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2101742118, 2021.
Van Geel, B., Van der Plicht, J., Kilian, M., Klaver, E., Kouwenberg, J.,
Renssen, H., Reynaud-Farrera, I., and Waterbolk, H.: The sharp rise of delta
14C ca. 800 cal BC: Possible causes, related climatic teleconnections and
the impact on human environments, Radiocarbon, 40, 535–550, 1998.
Van Giffen, A. E.: Prähistorische Hausformen auf den Sandböden in
den Niederlanden, Germania, 36, 35–71, 1958 (in German).
Vos, P. (Ed.): Compilation of the Holocene palaeogeographical maps of the
Netherlands, in: Origin of the Dutch coastal landscape: Long-term landscape
evolution of the Netherlands during the Holocene, described and visualized
in national, regional and local palaeogeographical map series, Barkhuis,
Groningen, 50–79, ISBN 9789491431821, 2015a.
Vos, P. (Ed.): Origin of the Dutch coastal landscape: Long-term landscape
evolution of the Netherlands during the Holocene, described and visualized
in national, regional and local palaeogeographical map series, Barkhuis,
Groningen (also published as the author's PhD thesis, Utrecht University), 359 pp., ISBN 9789491431821, 2015b.
Vos, P., Van der Meulen, M., Weerts, H., and Bazelmans, J.: Atlas of the
Holocene Netherlands, landscape and habitation since the last ice age,
Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam, 96 pp., ISBN 9463724435, 2020.
Walker, M., Johnsen, S., Rasmussen, S. O., Popp, T., Steffensen, J.-P.,
Gibbard, P., Hoek, W., Lowe, J., Andrews, J., Björck, S., Cwynar, L. c.,
Hughen, K., Kershaw, P., Kromer, B., Litt, T., Lowe, D. J., Nakagawa, T.,
Newnham, R., and Schwander, J.: Formal definition and dating of the GSSP
(Global Stratotype Section and Point) for the base of the Holocene using the
Greenland NGRIP ice core, and selected auxiliary records, J. Quaternary Sci., 24,
3–17, https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1227, 2009.
Walker, M., Gibbard, P., Head, M. J., Berkelhammer, M., Björck, S.,
Cheng, H., Cwynar, L. C., Fisher, D., Gkinis, V., Long, A., Lowe, J.,
Newnham, R., Rasmussen, S. O., and Weiss, H.: Formal Subdivision of
the Holocene Series/Epoch: A Summary, J. Geol. Soc.
India, 93, 135–141, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-019-1141-9, 2019.
Wanner, H., Beer, J., Bütikofer, J., Crowley, T. J., Cubasch, U.,
Flückiger, J., Goosse, H., Grosjean, M., Joos, F., Kaplan, J. O.,
Küttel, M., Müller, S. A., Prentice, I. C., Solomina, O., Stocker,
T. F., Tarasov, P., Wagner, M., and Widmann, M.: Mid- to Late Holocene
climate change: an overview, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 27, 1791–1828,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.06.013, 2008.
Waterbolk, H. T.: Zwervend tussen de venen. Een poging tot reconstructie van
het woongebied van de hunebedbouwers op het centrale deel van het
Fries-Drents plateau, in:
Tussen D26 en P14: Jan Albert Bakker 65 jaar, edited by: Bloemers, J. H. F., Amsterdams Archeologisch Centrum, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 181–208, ISBN 9789090219875, 2007 (in Dutch).
Weckström, J., Seppä, H., and Korhola, A.: Climatic influence on
peatland formation and lateral expansion in sub-arctic Fennoscandia, Boreas,
39, 761–769, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2010.00168.x, 2010.
Zagwijn, W. H.: Nederland in het Holoceen – Geologie van Nederland Deel 1,
Rijks Geologische Dienst Haarlem, Staatsuitgeverij, 's Gravenhage, 46 pp., ISBN 9012052394,
1986 (in Dutch).
Zhao, Y., Tang, Y., Yu, Z., Li, H., Yang, B., Zhao, W., Li, F., and Li, Q.:
Holocene peatland initiation, lateral expansion, and carbon dynamics in the
Zoige Basin of the eastern Tibetan Plateau, Holocene, 24, 1137–1145,
https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683614538077, 2014.
Short summary
In NW Europe only parts of former peatlands remain. When these peatlands formed is not well known but relevant for questions on landscape, climate and archaeology. We investigated the age of Fochteloërveen, using radiocarbon dating and modelling. Results show that peat initiated at several sites 11 000–7000 years ago and expanded rapidly 5000 years ago. Our approach may ultimately be applied to model peat ages outside current remnants and provide a view of these lost landscapes.
In NW Europe only parts of former peatlands remain. When these peatlands formed is not well...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint