Articles | Volume 22, issue 13
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3301-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3301-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
10 Jul 2025
Research article |
| 10 Jul 2025
| 10 Jul 2025
An upper-mesopelagic-zone carbon budget for the subarctic North Pacific
Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
Montserrat Roca-Martí
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
Amy E. Maas
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, School of Ocean Futures, Arizona State University, St. George's, GE01, Bermuda
Vinícius J. Amaral
Department of Ocean Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
Samantha Clevenger
MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, Cambridge and Woods Hole, MA 02139, USA
Shawnee Traylor
MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, Cambridge and Woods Hole, MA 02139, USA
Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson
School of the Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Philip W. Boyd
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
Ken O. Buesseler
Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
Craig A. Carlson
Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
Nicolas Cassar
Division of Earth and Climate Sciences, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
CNRS, Université de Brest, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France
Margaret Estapa
School of Marine Sciences, Darling Marine Center, University of Maine, Walpole, ME 04573, USA
Andrea J. Fassbender
NOAA/OAR Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
Yibin Huang
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, FJ 350800, China
Phoebe J. Lam
Department of Ocean Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
Olivier Marchal
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
Susanne Menden-Deuer
Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA
Nicola L. Paul
Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
Alyson E. Santoro
Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
David A. Siegel
Earth Research Institute and Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
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Oceanographers calculate the exchange of carbon between the ocean and atmosphere by comparing partial pressures of carbon dioxide (pCO2). Because seawater pCO2 is not measured everywhere at all times, interpolation schemes are required to fill observational gaps. We describe a monthly gap-filled dataset of pCO2 in the northeast Pacific Ocean off the west coast of North America created by machine-learning interpolation. This dataset is unique in its robust representation of coastal seasonality.
Chiho Sukigara, Ryuichiro Inoue, Kanako Sato, Yoshihisa Mino, Takeyoshi Nagai, Andrea J. Fassbender, Yuichiro Takeshita, Stuart Bishop, and Eitarou Oka
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To investigate the physical changes in the ocean from winter to spring and the corresponding biological activities, two automated floats were used to conduct observations in the western North Pacific from January to April 2018. During the observation, repeated storms passed and mixed the ocean surface layer. Afterwards, active biological activity was observed. Using data from the float, we observed the formation, decomposition, and settling of particulate organic matter.
Chiho Sukigara, Ryuichiro Inoue, Kanako Sato, Yoshihisa Mino, Takeyoshi Nagai, Andrea J. Fassbender, Yuichiro Takeshita, and Eitarou Oka
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2021-116, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2021-116, 2021
Manuscript not accepted for further review
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Andrea J. Fassbender, James C. Orr, and Andrew G. Dickson
Biogeosciences, 18, 1407–1415, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1407-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1407-2021, 2021
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A decline in upper-ocean pH with time is typically ascribed to ocean acidification. A more quantitative interpretation is often confused by failing to recognize the implications of pH being a logarithmic transform of hydrogen ion concentration rather than an absolute measure. This can lead to an unwitting misinterpretation of pH data. We provide three real-world examples illustrating this and recommend the reporting of both hydrogen ion concentration and pH in studies of ocean chemical change.
Fuminori Hashihama, Hiroaki Saito, Taketoshi Kodama, Saori Yasui-Tamura, Jota Kanda, Iwao Tanita, Hiroshi Ogawa, E. Malcolm S. Woodward, Philip W. Boyd, and Ken Furuya
Biogeosciences, 18, 897–915, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-897-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-897-2021, 2021
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We investigated the nutrient assimilation characteristics of deep-water-induced phytoplankton blooms across the subtropical North and South Pacific Ocean. Nutrient drawdown ratios of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to phosphate were anomalously low in the western North Pacific, likely due to the high phosphate uptake capability of low-phosphate-adapted phytoplankton. The anomalous phosphate uptake might influence the maintenance of chronic phosphate depletion in the western North Pacific.
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Short summary
The ocean’s mesopelagic zone (MZ) plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. This study combines new and previously published measurements of organic carbon supply and demand collected in August 2018 in the MZ of the subarctic North Pacific Ocean. Supply was insufficient to meet demand in August, but supply entering into the MZ in the spring of 2018 could have met the August demand. Results suggest observations over seasonal timescales may help to close MZ carbon budgets.
The ocean’s mesopelagic zone (MZ) plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. This study...
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