Assessing evapotranspiration dynamics across central Europe in the context of land–atmosphere drivers

Fluhrer, Anke; Baur, Martin J.; Piles, María; Bayat, Bagher; Rahmati, Mehdi; Chaparro, David; Dubois, Clémence; Hellwig, Florian M.; Montzka, Carsten; Kübert, Angelika; Mueller, Marlin M.; Augscheller, Isabel; Jonard, Francois; Schellenberg, Konstantin; Jagdhuber, Thomas

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3721-2025

Articles | Volume 22, issue 14

https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3721-2025

© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3721-2025

© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 22, issue 14

Research article

|

31 Jul 2025

Research article |

| 31 Jul 2025

Assessing evapotranspiration dynamics across central Europe in the context of land–atmosphere drivers

Anke Fluhrer, Martin J. Baur, María Piles, Bagher Bayat, Mehdi Rahmati, David Chaparro, Clémence Dubois, Florian M. Hellwig, Carsten Montzka, Angelika Kübert, Marlin M. Mueller, Isabel Augscheller, Francois Jonard, Konstantin Schellenberg, and Thomas Jagdhuber

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3721-2025-supplement

Data sets

The Multi-Temporal Dual Channel Algorithm (MT-DCA) Andrew Feldman et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5619583

SPEIbase v.2.8 S. Beguería et al. https://doi.org/10.20350/DIGITALCSIC/15121

Ecosystem final quality (L2) product in ETC-Archive format - release 2024-1 ICOS RI et al. https://doi.org/10.18160/G5KZ-ZD83

MOD16A2 MODIS/Terra Net Evapotranspiration 8-Day L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V006 S. Running et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD16A2.006

GLDAS Noah Land Surface Model L4 3 hourly 0.25×0.25 ◦ , Version 2.1 H. Beaudoing et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/E7TYRXPJKWOQ

CORINE Land Cover 2018 (raster 100 m), Europe, 6-yearly - version 2020_20u1 European Environment Agency https://doi.org/10.2909/960998C1-1870-4E82-8051-6485205EBBAC

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Short summary

This study compares established evapotranspiration products in central Europe and evaluates their multi-seasonal performance during wet and drought phases in 2017–2020 together with important soil–plant–atmosphere drivers. Results show that SEVIRI, ERA5-land, and GLEAM perform best compared to ICOS (Integrated Carbon Observation System) measurements. During moisture-limited drought years, ET (evapotranspiration) decreases due to decreasing soil moisture and increasing vapor pressure deficit, while in other years ET is mainly controlled by VPD (vapor pressure deficit).