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Articles | Volume 23, issue 16
Articles | Volume 23, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-5943-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-5943-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 23, issue 16
Research article
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28 Aug 2026
Research article | Highlight paper |  | 28 Aug 2026

Saturation effect of background temperature and aridity on vegetation phenological sensitivity to urban warming

Zhang Zhenzhen, Hu Xinxin, Zhang Yongqi, Cui Shufen, Sun Liheng, Lin Xingwen, Wu Chaofan, Zhang Zhaoyang, Chen Yuanjian, and Wen Qingqing

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Editorial statement
This study identifies thermal limits to vegetation phenological responses to urban warming across 293 Chinese cities and shows that these responses are further constrained by aridity. The findings challenge a simple linear view of warming-induced growing-season extension and demonstrate how background climate regulates vegetation responses to urban warming.
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Short summary
Using satellite data from 293 Chinese cities, we tested how background climate shapes vegetation responses to urban warming. Urban heat advances spring growth 12 days and delays autumn aging nearly 10 days, yet responses saturate with extra warming. Dryness weakens and reverses growing‑season extension in dry inland zones. Temperature and moisture explain about 75 % spatial variation. Our results challenge the view that urban heat always lengthens growing seasons for climate‑adapted greening.
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