Articles | Volume 22, issue 23
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-7797-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-7797-2025
Research article
 | 
08 Dec 2025
Research article |  | 08 Dec 2025

Biases in estimated vegetation indices from observations under cloudy conditions

Kevin Wolf, Evelyn Jäkel, André Ehrlich, Michael Schäfer, Hannes Feilhauer, Andreas Huth, and Manfred Wendisch

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Short summary
This paper presents combined atmosphere-vegetation radiative transfer simulations to systematically investigate cloud-induced biases in remotely sensed vegetation indices (VIs) derived from below-cloud measurements. The biases in VIs have been investigated for the general case of two-band VIs, and for the special cases of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the normalized difference water index (NDWI), and the enhanced vegetation index (EVI).
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