Articles | Volume 23, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-5685-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-5685-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Biogeochemical dichotomy and intra-order variability in Miliolid and Rotaliid foraminifera
Lin Hoober
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
Barak Herut
Faculty of Marine Sciences, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer 4025000, Israel
National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa 3108000, Israel
Nadya Teutsch
Division of Geochemistry and Environmental Geology, Geological Survey of Israel, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel
The Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences, Leon H.Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel
Sarit Ashckenazi-Polivoda
Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada National Park, Mount Masada, Dead-Sea mobile post 86910, Israel
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat Campus 8855630, Israel
Adi Torfstein
The Fredy and Nadine Herrmann Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences in Eilat, Eilat 8810302, Israel
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
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Dotan Rotem, Yishai Weinstein, Yehudit Harlavan, Adi Torfstein, and Hanne Hvidtfeldt Christiansen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6564, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6564, 2026
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We investigated residence time of ground ice in Svalbard permafrost. Marked differences were found in salinity and the chemical composition of ice taken from three nearby cores. Radioactive isotopes of Ra and Th suggest that while some of the ice is almost 10,000 years old, the more saline ice has much lower ratios of long to short-lived Ra isotopes, which suggests it is much younger (<2,000 years). This should be due to within-permafrost flow, which highlights its resilience to global warming.
Efraim Bril, Adi Torfstein, Roy Yaniv, and Assaf Hochman
Clim. Past, 22, 339–355, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-339-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-339-2026, 2026
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During a past warm period, we found that the eastern Mediterranean region experienced stronger but shorter rain events, especially in the south. The warming made the air wetter, which helped produce more intense rainfall. Using climate models and recent data, we show how this improves our understanding of future changes in dry regions.
Noy Levy, Adi Torfstein, Ralf Schiebel, Natalie Chernihovsky, Klaus Peter Jochum, Ulrike Weis, Brigitte Stoll, and Gerald H. Haug
Biogeosciences, 23, 1065–1088, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-1065-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-1065-2026, 2026
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We investigated the shell chemistry of planktic organisms called foraminifera to understand how conditions in the Gulf of Aqaba (north of Red Sea), a relative warm and saline sea, are recorded. We analyzed shell parts, called chambers, and we found that shell chemistry varies significantly between both chambers and foraminifera species. These findings help better understand how deposited shells can be used to reconstruct past ocean temperatures and other conditions.
Natalie M. Mahowald, Longlei Li, Julius Vira, Marje Prank, Douglas S. Hamilton, Hitoshi Matsui, Ron L. Miller, P. Louis Lu, Ezgi Akyuz, Daphne Meidan, Peter Hess, Heikki Lihavainen, Christine Wiedinmyer, Jenny Hand, Maria Grazia Alaimo, Célia Alves, Andres Alastuey, Paulo Artaxo, Africa Barreto, Francisco Barraza, Silvia Becagli, Giulia Calzolai, Shankararaman Chellam, Ying Chen, Patrick Chuang, David D. Cohen, Cristina Colombi, Evangelia Diapouli, Gaetano Dongarra, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Johann Engelbrecht, Corinne Galy-Lacaux, Cassandra Gaston, Dario Gomez, Yenny González Ramos, Roy M. Harrison, Chris Heyes, Barak Herut, Philip Hopke, Christoph Hüglin, Maria Kanakidou, Zsofia Kertesz, Zbigniew Klimont, Katriina Kyllönen, Fabrice Lambert, Xiaohong Liu, Remi Losno, Franco Lucarelli, Willy Maenhaut, Beatrice Marticorena, Randall V. Martin, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Yasser Morera-Gómez, Adina Paytan, Joseph Prospero, Sergio Rodríguez, Patricia Smichowski, Daniela Varrica, Brenna Walsh, Crystal L. Weagle, and Xi Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4665–4702, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4665-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4665-2025, 2025
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Aerosol particles are an important part of the Earth system, but their concentrations are spatially and temporally heterogeneous, as well as being variable in size and composition. Here, we present a new compilation of PM2.5 and PM10 aerosol observations, focusing on the spatial variability across different observational stations, including composition, and demonstrate a method for comparing the data sets to model output.
Maxim Rubin-Blum, Eyal Rahav, Guy Sisma-Ventura, Yana Yudkovski, Zoya Harbuzov, Or M. Bialik, Oded Ezra, Anneleen Foubert, Barak Herut, and Yizhaq Makovsky
Biogeosciences, 22, 1321–1340, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1321-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1321-2025, 2025
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Chemotones, transition zones in chemosynthetic ecosystems, alter geochemical cycles and biodiversity. We studied seep chemotones, which are heavily burrowed by ghost shrimp. To investigate if burrowing affects habitat functionality, we surveyed the seafloor with deep-sea vehicles, analyzed sediment, and explored microbial communities in burrows. We found chemosynthetic biofilms, linking them to macromolecule turnover and nutrient cycling. This process may play a crucial role in deep-sea cycles.
Nir Haim, Vika Grigorieva, Rotem Soffer, Boaz Mayzel, Timor Katz, Ronen Alkalay, Eli Biton, Ayah Lazar, Hezi Gildor, Ilana Berman-Frank, Yishai Weinstein, Barak Herut, and Yaron Toledo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2659–2668, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2659-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2659-2024, 2024
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This paper outlines the process of creating an open-access surface wave dataset, drawing from deep-sea research station observations located 50 km off the coast of Israel. The discussion covers the wave monitoring procedure, from instrument configuration to wave field retrieval, and aspects of quality assurance. The dataset presented spans over 5 years, offering uncommon in situ wave measurements in the deep sea, and addresses the existing gap in wave information within the region.
Natalie M. Mahowald, Longlei Li, Julius Vira, Marje Prank, Douglas S. Hamilton, Hitoshi Matsui, Ron L. Miller, Louis Lu, Ezgi Akyuz, Daphne Meidan, Peter Hess, Heikki Lihavainen, Christine Wiedinmyer, Jenny Hand, Maria Grazia Alaimo, Célia Alves, Andres Alastuey, Paulo Artaxo, Africa Barreto, Francisco Barraza, Silvia Becagli, Giulia Calzolai, Shankarararman Chellam, Ying Chen, Patrick Chuang, David D. Cohen, Cristina Colombi, Evangelia Diapouli, Gaetano Dongarra, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Corinne Galy-Lacaux, Cassandra Gaston, Dario Gomez, Yenny González Ramos, Hannele Hakola, Roy M. Harrison, Chris Heyes, Barak Herut, Philip Hopke, Christoph Hüglin, Maria Kanakidou, Zsofia Kertesz, Zbiginiw Klimont, Katriina Kyllönen, Fabrice Lambert, Xiaohong Liu, Remi Losno, Franco Lucarelli, Willy Maenhaut, Beatrice Marticorena, Randall V. Martin, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Yasser Morera-Gomez, Adina Paytan, Joseph Prospero, Sergio Rodríguez, Patricia Smichowski, Daniela Varrica, Brenna Walsh, Crystal Weagle, and Xi Zhao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-1, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-1, 2024
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Aerosol particles can interact with incoming solar radiation and outgoing long wave radiation, change cloud properties, affect photochemistry, impact surface air quality, and when deposited impact surface albedo of snow and ice, and modulate carbon dioxide uptake by the land and ocean. Here we present a new compilation of aerosol observations including composition, a methodology for comparing the datasets to model output, and show the implications of these results using one model.
Natalia Belkin, Tamar Guy-Haim, Maxim Rubin-Blum, Ayah Lazar, Guy Sisma-Ventura, Rainer Kiko, Arseniy R. Morov, Tal Ozer, Isaac Gertman, Barak Herut, and Eyal Rahav
Ocean Sci., 18, 693–715, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-693-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-693-2022, 2022
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We studied how distinct water circulations that elevate (cyclone) or descend (anticyclone) water from the upper ocean affect the biomass, activity and diversity of planktonic microorganisms in the impoverished eastern Mediterranean. We show that cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies differ in their community composition and production. Moreover, the anticyclone may be a potential bio-invasion and dispersal vector, while the cyclone may serve as a thermal refugee for native species.
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Short summary
Foraminifera are tiny marine organisms that build shells and have evolved different ways of doing so over millions of years. By comparing two major groups living side by side in the Mediterranean Sea, this study shows that their shells record clear, systematic chemical differences. These contrasts reveal fundamentally different shell-building strategies shaped by evolution, not just by the surrounding environment.
Foraminifera are tiny marine organisms that build shells and have evolved different ways of...
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