Mesoscale eddies can influence the biogeochemistry of non‑methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs). Eddy‑induced downwelling reduces nutrient availability in the euphotic zone, thereby suppressing phytoplankton growth and the biological production of alkanes and isoprene, while limited dissolved organic carbon constrains the photochemical production of alkenes. As a result, NMHC emissions within eddies were substantially reduced, weakening their contribution to ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation.

We explored how satellite light measurements can reveal forest health and growth more accurately. Using computer models of many forest types, we discovered new ways to combine light wavelengths that strongly relate to forest size and productivity. Our results show that with the right wavelength choices, satellite data could give precise insights into forests, supporting better monitoring and management of these vital ecosystems worldwide.

Quantification of the kinetics of the induced ocean CO₂ uptake following application of marine carbon dioxide removal technologies (mCDR) is crucial for such technologies to gain scientific and social acceptance. Here, we compare two circulation models commonly used for this purpose and find substantial differences in their predictions. We analyze which physical aspects of the models contribute the most to the inter-model discrepancies, and thus require future research.

We introduce an iterative Importance Sampling framework to optimize the Pelagic Interaction Scheme for Carbon and Ecosystem Studies (PISCES) model using 20 metrics from Biogeochemical-Argo data. Three strategies are compared: 29 main-effect, 66 including interaction effects, and all 95 parameters. All yield statistically indistinguishable skill gains, reducing error by 54–56 %. Optimizing all 95 parameters is recommended for comprehensive uncertainty quantification. The optimized set also improves skill in a three-dimensional regional simulation.

This study focuses on foraminiferal distribution in the Luck Strike vent field, one of the most studied hydrothermal vents. Our results demonstrate that diversity increased where vent-derived particles are mixed with pelagic sedimentation, as it's the case in seafloor massive sulfide targeted for deep-sea mining by the industry. This study also revealed the impact of microbial biofilms on carbon budget though carbonate dissolution.

Urban green roofs (GRs) were shown to provide various ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration. We investigate the coupling between carbon, water, and energy exchange of a large, extensive GR using nine years of eddy-covariance data to determine their role in shaping the net ecosystem exchange. The GR acted as a moderate carbon sink with distinct annual and seasonal variation influenced by the coupled exchange processes. This highlights the importance of long-term flux monitoring.