Articles | Volume 18, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3637-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3637-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
18 Jun 2021
Research article |
| 18 Jun 2021
| 18 Jun 2021
The impact of the freeze–melt cycle of land-fast ice on the distribution of dissolved organic matter in the Laptev and East Siberian seas (Siberian Arctic)
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Bennet Juhls
Department of Earth Sciences, Institute for Space Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Potsdam, Germany
Dorothea Bauch
Leibniz Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Stable Isotope Research,
University of Kiel CAU, Kiel, Germany
GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
Markus Janout
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Boris P. Koch
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Faculty 1, University of Applied Sciences Bremerhaven, Bremerhaven, Germany
Birgit Heim
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Potsdam, Germany
Related authors
Bennet Juhls, Anne Morgenstern, Jens Hölemann, Antje Eulenburg, Birgit Heim, Frederieke Miesner, Hendrik Grotheer, Gesine Mollenhauer, Hanno Meyer, Ephraim Erkens, Felica Yara Gehde, Sofia Antonova, Sergey Chalov, Maria Tereshina, Oxana Erina, Evgeniya Fingert, Ekaterina Abramova, Tina Sanders, Liudmila Lebedeva, Nikolai Torgovkin, Georgii Maksimov, Vasily Povazhnyi, Rafael Gonçalves-Araujo, Urban Wünsch, Antonina Chetverova, Sophie Opfergelt, and Pier Paul Overduin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-290, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-290, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
The Siberian Arctic is warming fast: permafrost is thawing, river chemistry is changing, and coastal ecosystems are affected. We want to understand changes to the Lena River, a major Arctic river flowing to the Arctic Ocean, by collecting 4.5 years of detailed water data, including temperature and carbon and nutrient contents. This dataset records current conditions and helps us to detect future changes. Explore it at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.913197 and https://lena-monitoring.awi.de/.
H. Jakob Belter, Thomas Krumpen, Stefan Hendricks, Jens Hoelemann, Markus A. Janout, Robert Ricker, and Christian Haas
The Cryosphere, 14, 2189–2203, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2189-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2189-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The validation of satellite sea ice thickness (SIT) climate data records with newly acquired moored sonar SIT data shows that satellite products provide modal rather than mean SIT in the Laptev Sea region. This tendency of satellite-based SIT products to underestimate mean SIT needs to be considered for investigations of sea ice volume transports. Validation of satellite SIT in the first-year-ice-dominated Laptev Sea will support algorithm development for more reliable SIT records in the Arctic.
Thomas Krumpen, Florent Birrien, Frank Kauker, Thomas Rackow, Luisa von Albedyll, Michael Angelopoulos, H. Jakob Belter, Vladimir Bessonov, Ellen Damm, Klaus Dethloff, Jari Haapala, Christian Haas, Carolynn Harris, Stefan Hendricks, Jens Hoelemann, Mario Hoppmann, Lars Kaleschke, Michael Karcher, Nikolai Kolabutin, Ruibo Lei, Josefine Lenz, Anne Morgenstern, Marcel Nicolaus, Uwe Nixdorf, Tomash Petrovsky, Benjamin Rabe, Lasse Rabenstein, Markus Rex, Robert Ricker, Jan Rohde, Egor Shimanchuk, Suman Singha, Vasily Smolyanitsky, Vladimir Sokolov, Tim Stanton, Anna Timofeeva, Michel Tsamados, and Daniel Watkins
The Cryosphere, 14, 2173–2187, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2173-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2173-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In October 2019 the research vessel Polarstern was moored to an ice floe in order to travel with it on the 1-year-long MOSAiC journey through the Arctic. Here we provide historical context of the floe's evolution and initial state for upcoming studies. We show that the ice encountered on site was exceptionally thin and was formed on the shallow Siberian shelf. The analyses presented provide the initial state for the analysis and interpretation of upcoming biogeochemical and ecological studies.
Bennet Juhls, Pier Paul Overduin, Jens Hölemann, Martin Hieronymi, Atsushi Matsuoka, Birgit Heim, and Jürgen Fischer
Biogeosciences, 16, 2693–2713, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2693-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2693-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this article, we present the variability and characteristics of dissolved organic matter at the fluvial–marine transition in the Laptev Sea from a unique dataset collected during 11 Arctic expeditions. We develop a new relationship between dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and coloured dissolved organic matter absorption, which is used to estimate surface water DOC concentration from space. We believe that our findings help current efforts to monitor ongoing changes in the Arctic carbon cycle.
B. Heim, E. Abramova, R. Doerffer, F. Günther, J. Hölemann, A. Kraberg, H. Lantuit, A. Loginova, F. Martynov, P. P. Overduin, and C. Wegner
Biogeosciences, 11, 4191–4210, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4191-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4191-2014, 2014
L. Rabenstein, T. Krumpen, S. Hendricks, C. Koeberle, C. Haas, and J. A. Hoelemann
The Cryosphere, 7, 947–959, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-947-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-947-2013, 2013
T. Krumpen, M. Janout, K. I. Hodges, R. Gerdes, F. Girard-Ardhuin, J. A. Hölemann, and S. Willmes
The Cryosphere, 7, 349–363, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-349-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-349-2013, 2013
C. Wegner, D. Bauch, J. A. Hölemann, M. A. Janout, B. Heim, A. Novikhin, H. Kassens, and L. Timokhov
Biogeosciences, 10, 1117–1129, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1117-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1117-2013, 2013
Ole Pinner, Friederike Pollmann, Markus Janout, Gunnar Voet, and Torsten Kanzow
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2444, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2444, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Weddell Sea Bottom Water gravity current transports dense water from the continental shelf to the deep sea and is crucial for the formation of new deep sea water. Build on vertical profiles and time series measured in the northwestern Weddell Sea, we apply 3 methods to distinguish turbulence caused by internal waves from turbulence by other sources. We find that in the upper part of the gravity current, internal waves are important for the mixing of less dense water down into the current.
Bennet Juhls, Anne Morgenstern, Jens Hölemann, Antje Eulenburg, Birgit Heim, Frederieke Miesner, Hendrik Grotheer, Gesine Mollenhauer, Hanno Meyer, Ephraim Erkens, Felica Yara Gehde, Sofia Antonova, Sergey Chalov, Maria Tereshina, Oxana Erina, Evgeniya Fingert, Ekaterina Abramova, Tina Sanders, Liudmila Lebedeva, Nikolai Torgovkin, Georgii Maksimov, Vasily Povazhnyi, Rafael Gonçalves-Araujo, Urban Wünsch, Antonina Chetverova, Sophie Opfergelt, and Pier Paul Overduin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-290, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-290, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
The Siberian Arctic is warming fast: permafrost is thawing, river chemistry is changing, and coastal ecosystems are affected. We want to understand changes to the Lena River, a major Arctic river flowing to the Arctic Ocean, by collecting 4.5 years of detailed water data, including temperature and carbon and nutrient contents. This dataset records current conditions and helps us to detect future changes. Explore it at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.913197 and https://lena-monitoring.awi.de/.
Chenzhi Li, Anne Dallmeyer, Jian Ni, Manuel Chevalier, Matteo Willeit, Andrei A. Andreev, Xianyong Cao, Laura Schild, Birgit Heim, and Ulrike Herzschuh
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1862, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1862, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present a global megabiome dynamics and distributions derived from pollen-based reconstructions over the last 21,000 years, which are suitable for the evaluation of Earth System Model-based paleo-megabiome simulations. We identified strong deviations between pollen- and model-derived megabiome distributions in the circum-Arctic areas and Tibetan Plateau during the Last Glacial Maximum and early deglaciation, as well as in North Africa and the Mediterranean regions during the Holocene.
Ivan Kuznetsov, Benjamin Rabe, Alexey Androsov, Ying-Chih Fang, Mario Hoppmann, Alejandra Quintanilla-Zurita, Sven Harig, Sandra Tippenhauer, Kirstin Schulz, Volker Mohrholz, Ilker Fer, Vera Fofonova, and Markus Janout
Ocean Sci., 20, 759–777, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-759-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-759-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our research introduces a tool for dynamically mapping the Arctic Ocean using data from the MOSAiC experiment. Incorporating extensive data into a model clarifies the ocean's structure and movement. Our findings on temperature, salinity, and currents reveal how water layers mix and identify areas of intense water movement. This enhances understanding of Arctic Ocean dynamics and supports climate impact studies. Our work is vital for comprehending this key region in global climate science.
Annett Bartsch, Aleksandra Efimova, Barbara Widhalm, Xaver Muri, Clemens von Baeckmann, Helena Bergstedt, Ksenia Ermokhina, Gustaf Hugelius, Birgit Heim, and Marina Leibman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 2421–2481, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2421-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2421-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Wetness gradients and landcover diversity for the entire Arctic tundra have been assessed using a novel satellite-data-based map. Patterns of lakes, wetlands, general soil moisture conditions and vegetation physiognomy are represented at 10 m. About 40 % of the area north of the treeline falls into three units of dry types, with limited shrub growth. Wetter regions have higher landcover diversity than drier regions.
Angelika Graiff, Matthias Braun, Amelie Driemel, Jörg Ebbing, Hans-Peter Grossart, Tilmann Harder, Joseph I. Hoffman, Boris Koch, Florian Leese, Judith Piontek, Mirko Scheinert, Petra Quillfeldt, Jonas Zimmermann, and Ulf Karsten
Polarforschung, 91, 45–57, https://doi.org/10.5194/polf-91-45-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/polf-91-45-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
There are many approaches to better understanding Antarctic processes that generate very large data sets (
Antarctic big data). For these large data sets there is a pressing need for improved data acquisition, curation, integration, service, and application to support fundamental scientific research, and this article describes and evaluates the current status of big data in various Antarctic scientific disciplines, identifies current gaps, and provides solutions to fill these gaps.
Elin Darelius, Vår Dundas, Markus Janout, and Sandra Tippenhauer
Ocean Sci., 19, 671–683, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-671-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-671-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Antarctica's ice shelves are melting from below as ocean currents bring warm water into the ice shelf cavities. The melt rates of the large Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf in the southern Weddell Sea are currently low, as the water in the cavity is cold. Here, we present data from a scientific cruise to the region in 2021 and show that the warmest water at the upper part of the continental slope is now about 0.1°C warmer than in previous observations, while the surface water is fresher than before.
Martine Lizotte, Bennet Juhls, Atsushi Matsuoka, Philippe Massicotte, Gaëlle Mével, David Obie James Anikina, Sofia Antonova, Guislain Bécu, Marine Béguin, Simon Bélanger, Thomas Bossé-Demers, Lisa Bröder, Flavienne Bruyant, Gwénaëlle Chaillou, Jérôme Comte, Raoul-Marie Couture, Emmanuel Devred, Gabrièle Deslongchamps, Thibaud Dezutter, Miles Dillon, David Doxaran, Aude Flamand, Frank Fell, Joannie Ferland, Marie-Hélène Forget, Michael Fritz, Thomas J. Gordon, Caroline Guilmette, Andrea Hilborn, Rachel Hussherr, Charlotte Irish, Fabien Joux, Lauren Kipp, Audrey Laberge-Carignan, Hugues Lantuit, Edouard Leymarie, Antonio Mannino, Juliette Maury, Paul Overduin, Laurent Oziel, Colin Stedmon, Crystal Thomas, Lucas Tisserand, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Jorien Vonk, Dustin Whalen, and Marcel Babin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1617–1653, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1617-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1617-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw in the Mackenzie Delta region results in the release of organic matter into the coastal marine environment. What happens to this carbon-rich organic matter as it transits along the fresh to salty aquatic environments is still underdocumented. Four expeditions were conducted from April to September 2019 in the coastal area of the Beaufort Sea to study the fate of organic matter. This paper describes a rich set of data characterizing the composition and sources of organic matter.
Ngai-Ham Chan, Moritz Langer, Bennet Juhls, Tabea Rettelbach, Paul Overduin, Kimberly Huppert, and Jean Braun
Earth Surf. Dynam., 11, 259–285, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-259-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-259-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic river deltas influence how nutrients and soil organic carbon, carried by sediments from the Arctic landscape, are retained or released into the Arctic Ocean. Under climate change, the deltas themselves and their ecosystems are becoming more vulnerable. We build upon previous models to reproduce for the first time an important feature ubiquitous to Arctic deltas and simulate its future under climate warming. This can impact the future of Arctic deltas and the carbon release they moderate.
Olga Ogneva, Gesine Mollenhauer, Bennet Juhls, Tina Sanders, Juri Palmtag, Matthias Fuchs, Hendrik Grotheer, Paul J. Mann, and Jens Strauss
Biogeosciences, 20, 1423–1441, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1423-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1423-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic warming accelerates permafrost thaw and release of terrestrial organic matter (OM) via rivers to the Arctic Ocean. We compared particulate organic carbon (POC), total suspended matter, and C isotopes (δ13C and Δ14C of POC) in the Lena delta and Lena River along a ~1600 km transect. We show that the Lena delta, as an interface between the Lena River and the Arctic Ocean, plays a crucial role in determining the qualitative and quantitative composition of OM discharged into the Arctic Ocean.
Simeon Lisovski, Alexandra Runge, Iuliia Shevtsova, Nele Landgraf, Anne Morgenstern, Ronald Reagan Okoth, Matthias Fuchs, Nikolay Lashchinskiy, Carl Stadie, Alison Beamish, Ulrike Herzschuh, Guido Grosse, and Birgit Heim
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-36, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-36, 2023
Revised manuscript has not been submitted
Short summary
Short summary
The Lena Delta is the largest river delta in the Arctic, and represents a biodiversity hotspot. Here, we describe multiple field datasets and a detailed habitat classification map for the Lena Delta. We present context and methods of these openly available datasets and show how they can improve our understanding of the rapidly changing Arctic tundra system.
Julian Gutt, Stefanie Arndt, David Keith Alan Barnes, Horst Bornemann, Thomas Brey, Olaf Eisen, Hauke Flores, Huw Griffiths, Christian Haas, Stefan Hain, Tore Hattermann, Christoph Held, Mario Hoppema, Enrique Isla, Markus Janout, Céline Le Bohec, Heike Link, Felix Christopher Mark, Sebastien Moreau, Scarlett Trimborn, Ilse van Opzeeland, Hans-Otto Pörtner, Fokje Schaafsma, Katharina Teschke, Sandra Tippenhauer, Anton Van de Putte, Mia Wege, Daniel Zitterbart, and Dieter Piepenburg
Biogeosciences, 19, 5313–5342, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5313-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5313-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term ecological observations are key to assess, understand and predict impacts of environmental change on biotas. We present a multidisciplinary framework for such largely lacking investigations in the East Antarctic Southern Ocean, combined with case studies, experimental and modelling work. As climate change is still minor here but is projected to start soon, the timely implementation of this framework provides the unique opportunity to document its ecological impacts from the very onset.
Femke van Geffen, Birgit Heim, Frederic Brieger, Rongwei Geng, Iuliia A. Shevtsova, Luise Schulte, Simone M. Stuenzi, Nadine Bernhardt, Elena I. Troeva, Luidmila A. Pestryakova, Evgenii S. Zakharov, Bringfried Pflug, Ulrike Herzschuh, and Stefan Kruse
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4967–4994, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4967-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4967-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
SiDroForest is an attempt to remedy data scarcity regarding vegetation data in the circumpolar region, whilst providing adjusted and labeled data for machine learning and upscaling practices. SiDroForest contains four datasets that include SfM point clouds, individually labeled trees, synthetic tree crowns and labeled Sentinel-2 patches that provide insights into the vegetation composition and forest structure of two important vegetation transition zones in Siberia, Russia.
Ulrike Herzschuh, Chenzhi Li, Thomas Böhmer, Alexander K. Postl, Birgit Heim, Andrei A. Andreev, Xianyong Cao, Mareike Wieczorek, and Jian Ni
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3213–3227, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3213-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3213-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Pollen preserved in environmental archives such as lake sediments and bogs are extensively used for reconstructions of past vegetation and climate. Here we present LegacyPollen 1.0, a dataset of 2831 fossil pollen records from all over the globe that were collected from publicly available databases. We harmonized the names of the pollen taxa so that all datasets can be jointly investigated. LegacyPollen 1.0 is available as an open-access dataset.
Niek Jesse Speetjens, George Tanski, Victoria Martin, Julia Wagner, Andreas Richter, Gustaf Hugelius, Chris Boucher, Rachele Lodi, Christian Knoblauch, Boris P. Koch, Urban Wünsch, Hugues Lantuit, and Jorien E. Vonk
Biogeosciences, 19, 3073–3097, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3073-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3073-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Climate change and warming in the Arctic exceed global averages. As a result, permanently frozen soils (permafrost) which store vast quantities of carbon in the form of dead plant material (organic matter) are thawing. Our study shows that as permafrost landscapes degrade, high concentrations of organic matter are released. Partly, this organic matter is degraded rapidly upon release, while another significant fraction enters stream networks and enters the Arctic Ocean.
Matthias Fuchs, Juri Palmtag, Bennet Juhls, Pier Paul Overduin, Guido Grosse, Ahmed Abdelwahab, Michael Bedington, Tina Sanders, Olga Ogneva, Irina V. Fedorova, Nikita S. Zimov, Paul J. Mann, and Jens Strauss
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 2279–2301, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2279-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2279-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We created digital, high-resolution bathymetry data sets for the Lena Delta and Kolyma Gulf regions in northeastern Siberia. Based on nautical charts, we digitized depth points and isobath lines, which serve as an input for a 50 m bathymetry model. The benefit of this data set is the accurate mapping of near-shore areas as well as the offshore continuation of the main deep river channels. This will improve the estimation of river outflow and the nutrient flux output into the coastal zone.
Thomas Krumpen, Luisa von Albedyll, Helge F. Goessling, Stefan Hendricks, Bennet Juhls, Gunnar Spreen, Sascha Willmes, H. Jakob Belter, Klaus Dethloff, Christian Haas, Lars Kaleschke, Christian Katlein, Xiangshan Tian-Kunze, Robert Ricker, Philip Rostosky, Janna Rückert, Suman Singha, and Julia Sokolova
The Cryosphere, 15, 3897–3920, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3897-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3897-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We use satellite data records collected along the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) drift to categorize ice conditions that shaped and characterized the floe and surroundings during the expedition. A comparison with previous years is made whenever possible. The aim of this analysis is to provide a basis and reference for subsequent research in the six main research areas of atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, biogeochemistry, remote sensing and ecology.
Lydia Stolpmann, Caroline Coch, Anne Morgenstern, Julia Boike, Michael Fritz, Ulrike Herzschuh, Kathleen Stoof-Leichsenring, Yury Dvornikov, Birgit Heim, Josefine Lenz, Amy Larsen, Katey Walter Anthony, Benjamin Jones, Karen Frey, and Guido Grosse
Biogeosciences, 18, 3917–3936, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3917-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3917-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Our new database summarizes DOC concentrations of 2167 water samples from 1833 lakes in permafrost regions across the Arctic to provide insights into linkages between DOC and environment. We found increasing lake DOC concentration with decreasing permafrost extent and higher DOC concentrations in boreal permafrost sites compared to tundra sites. Our study shows that DOC concentration depends on the environmental properties of a lake, especially permafrost extent, ecoregion, and vegetation.
Iuliia Shevtsova, Ulrike Herzschuh, Birgit Heim, Luise Schulte, Simone Stünzi, Luidmila A. Pestryakova, Evgeniy S. Zakharov, and Stefan Kruse
Biogeosciences, 18, 3343–3366, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3343-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3343-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In the light of climate changes in subarctic regions, notable general increase in above-ground biomass for the past 15 years (2000 to 2017) was estimated along a tundra–taiga gradient of central Chukotka (Russian Far East). The greatest increase occurred in the northern taiga in the areas of larch closed-canopy forest expansion with Cajander larch as a main contributor. For the estimations, we used field data (taxa-separated plant biomass, 2018) and upscaled it based on Landsat satellite data.
Ingeborg Bussmann, Irina Fedorova, Bennet Juhls, Pier Paul Overduin, and Matthias Winkel
Biogeosciences, 18, 2047–2061, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2047-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2047-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic rivers, lakes, and bays are affected by a warming climate. We measured the amount and consumption of methane in waters from Siberia under ice cover and in open water. In the lake, methane concentrations under ice cover were much higher than in summer, and methane consumption was highest. The ice cover leads to higher methane concentration under ice. In a warmer Arctic, there will be more time with open water when methane is consumed by bacteria, and less methane will escape into the air.
H. Jakob Belter, Thomas Krumpen, Stefan Hendricks, Jens Hoelemann, Markus A. Janout, Robert Ricker, and Christian Haas
The Cryosphere, 14, 2189–2203, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2189-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2189-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The validation of satellite sea ice thickness (SIT) climate data records with newly acquired moored sonar SIT data shows that satellite products provide modal rather than mean SIT in the Laptev Sea region. This tendency of satellite-based SIT products to underestimate mean SIT needs to be considered for investigations of sea ice volume transports. Validation of satellite SIT in the first-year-ice-dominated Laptev Sea will support algorithm development for more reliable SIT records in the Arctic.
Thomas Krumpen, Florent Birrien, Frank Kauker, Thomas Rackow, Luisa von Albedyll, Michael Angelopoulos, H. Jakob Belter, Vladimir Bessonov, Ellen Damm, Klaus Dethloff, Jari Haapala, Christian Haas, Carolynn Harris, Stefan Hendricks, Jens Hoelemann, Mario Hoppmann, Lars Kaleschke, Michael Karcher, Nikolai Kolabutin, Ruibo Lei, Josefine Lenz, Anne Morgenstern, Marcel Nicolaus, Uwe Nixdorf, Tomash Petrovsky, Benjamin Rabe, Lasse Rabenstein, Markus Rex, Robert Ricker, Jan Rohde, Egor Shimanchuk, Suman Singha, Vasily Smolyanitsky, Vladimir Sokolov, Tim Stanton, Anna Timofeeva, Michel Tsamados, and Daniel Watkins
The Cryosphere, 14, 2173–2187, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2173-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2173-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In October 2019 the research vessel Polarstern was moored to an ice floe in order to travel with it on the 1-year-long MOSAiC journey through the Arctic. Here we provide historical context of the floe's evolution and initial state for upcoming studies. We show that the ice encountered on site was exceptionally thin and was formed on the shallow Siberian shelf. The analyses presented provide the initial state for the analysis and interpretation of upcoming biogeochemical and ecological studies.
Caroline Coch, Bennet Juhls, Scott F. Lamoureux, Melissa J. Lafrenière, Michael Fritz, Birgit Heim, and Hugues Lantuit
Biogeosciences, 16, 4535–4553, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4535-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4535-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Climate change affects Arctic ecosystems. This includes thawing of permafrost (ground below 0 °C) and an increase in rainfall. Both have substantial impacts on the chemical composition of river water. We compared the composition of small rivers in the low and high Arctic with the large Arctic rivers. In comparison, dissolved organic matter in the small rivers is more susceptible to degradation; thus, it could potentially increase carbon dioxide emissions. Rainfall events have a similar effect.
Sinikka T. Lennartz, Marc von Hobe, Dennis Booge, Henry C. Bittig, Tim Fischer, Rafael Gonçalves-Araujo, Kerstin B. Ksionzek, Boris P. Koch, Astrid Bracher, Rüdiger Röttgers, Birgit Quack, and Christa A. Marandino
Ocean Sci., 15, 1071–1090, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-15-1071-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-15-1071-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The ocean emits the gases carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS2), which affect our climate. The goal of this study was to quantify the rates at which both gases are produced in the eastern tropical South Pacific (ETSP), one of the most productive oceanic regions worldwide. Both gases are produced by reactions triggered by sunlight, but we found that the amount produced depends on different factors. Our results improve numerical models to predict oceanic concentrations of both gases.
Bennet Juhls, Pier Paul Overduin, Jens Hölemann, Martin Hieronymi, Atsushi Matsuoka, Birgit Heim, and Jürgen Fischer
Biogeosciences, 16, 2693–2713, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2693-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2693-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this article, we present the variability and characteristics of dissolved organic matter at the fluvial–marine transition in the Laptev Sea from a unique dataset collected during 11 Arctic expeditions. We develop a new relationship between dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and coloured dissolved organic matter absorption, which is used to estimate surface water DOC concentration from space. We believe that our findings help current efforts to monitor ongoing changes in the Arctic carbon cycle.
Sophia Walther, Luis Guanter, Birgit Heim, Martin Jung, Gregory Duveiller, Aleksandra Wolanin, and Torsten Sachs
Biogeosciences, 15, 6221–6256, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6221-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6221-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We explored the timing of the peak of the short annual growing season in tundra ecosystems as indicated by an extensive suite of satellite indicators of vegetation productivity. Delayed peak greenness compared to peak photosynthesis is consistently found across years and land-cover classes. Plants also experience growth after optimal conditions for assimilation regarding light and temperature have passed. Our results have implications for the modelling of the circumpolar carbon balance.
Amelie Driemel, Eberhard Fahrbach, Gerd Rohardt, Agnieszka Beszczynska-Möller, Antje Boetius, Gereon Budéus, Boris Cisewski, Ralph Engbrodt, Steffen Gauger, Walter Geibert, Patrizia Geprägs, Dieter Gerdes, Rainer Gersonde, Arnold L. Gordon, Hannes Grobe, Hartmut H. Hellmer, Enrique Isla, Stanley S. Jacobs, Markus Janout, Wilfried Jokat, Michael Klages, Gerhard Kuhn, Jens Meincke, Sven Ober, Svein Østerhus, Ray G. Peterson, Benjamin Rabe, Bert Rudels, Ursula Schauer, Michael Schröder, Stefanie Schumacher, Rainer Sieger, Jüri Sildam, Thomas Soltwedel, Elena Stangeew, Manfred Stein, Volker H Strass, Jörn Thiede, Sandra Tippenhauer, Cornelis Veth, Wilken-Jon von Appen, Marie-France Weirig, Andreas Wisotzki, Dieter A. Wolf-Gladrow, and Torsten Kanzow
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9, 211–220, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-211-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-211-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Our oceans are always in motion – huge water masses are circulated by winds and by global seawater density gradients resulting from different water temperatures and salinities. Measuring temperature and salinity of the world's oceans is crucial e.g. to understand our climate. Since 1983, the research icebreaker Polarstern has been the basis of numerous water profile measurements in the Arctic and the Antarctic. We report on a unique collection of 33 years of polar salinity and temperature data.
Urban Johannes Wünsch, Boris Peter Koch, Matthias Witt, and Joseph Andrew Needoba
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2016-263, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2016-263, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
We used a combination of continuously measuring water chemistry sensors and periodic sampling efforts to assess the seasonal variability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the Columbia River in spring and summer 2013.
We found that our sensors can provide detailed data on carbon export that far exceed usual monitoring efforts. The detailed data help to understand the impact of short-lived events, such as rainstorms, on the overall terrestrial carbon flux in the Columbia River.
T. Pados, R. F. Spielhagen, D. Bauch, H. Meyer, and M. Segl
Biogeosciences, 12, 1733–1752, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1733-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1733-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Fossil planktic foraminifera and their geochemical composition are commonly used proxies in palaeoceanography. Our study with living specimens revealed that in the Fram Strait both Neogloboquadrina pachyderma and Turborotalita quinqueloba from the water column have lower δ18O and δ13C values than inorganically precipitated calcite/fossil tests from the sediment surface. These offsets indicate biological influence during calcification and a change of water column properties in the recent past.
I. Fedorova, A. Chetverova, D. Bolshiyanov, A. Makarov, J. Boike, B. Heim, A. Morgenstern, P. P. Overduin, C. Wegner, V. Kashina, A. Eulenburg, E. Dobrotina, and I. Sidorina
Biogeosciences, 12, 345–363, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-345-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-345-2015, 2015
N. Jiao, C. Robinson, F. Azam, H. Thomas, F. Baltar, H. Dang, N. J. Hardman-Mountford, M. Johnson, D. L. Kirchman, B. P. Koch, L. Legendre, C. Li, J. Liu, T. Luo, Y.-W. Luo, A. Mitra, A. Romanou, K. Tang, X. Wang, C. Zhang, and R. Zhang
Biogeosciences, 11, 5285–5306, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5285-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5285-2014, 2014
I. A. Dmitrenko, S. A. Kirillov, N. Serra, N. V. Koldunov, V. V. Ivanov, U. Schauer, I. V. Polyakov, D. Barber, M. Janout, V. S. Lien, M. Makhotin, and Y. Aksenov
Ocean Sci., 10, 719–730, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-719-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-719-2014, 2014
B. Heim, E. Abramova, R. Doerffer, F. Günther, J. Hölemann, A. Kraberg, H. Lantuit, A. Loginova, F. Martynov, P. P. Overduin, and C. Wegner
Biogeosciences, 11, 4191–4210, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4191-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4191-2014, 2014
B. P. Koch, G. Kattner, M. Witt, and U. Passow
Biogeosciences, 11, 4173–4190, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4173-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4173-2014, 2014
D. Bauch, S. Torres-Valdes, I. Polyakov, A. Novikhin, I. Dmitrenko, J. McKay, and A. Mix
Ocean Sci., 10, 141–154, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-141-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-141-2014, 2014
A. C. Kraberg, E. Druzhkova, B. Heim, M. J. G. Loeder, and K. H. Wiltshire
Biogeosciences, 10, 7263–7277, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7263-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7263-2013, 2013
L. Rabenstein, T. Krumpen, S. Hendricks, C. Koeberle, C. Haas, and J. A. Hoelemann
The Cryosphere, 7, 947–959, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-947-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-947-2013, 2013
T. Krumpen, M. Janout, K. I. Hodges, R. Gerdes, F. Girard-Ardhuin, J. A. Hölemann, and S. Willmes
The Cryosphere, 7, 349–363, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-349-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-349-2013, 2013
C. Wegner, D. Bauch, J. A. Hölemann, M. A. Janout, B. Heim, A. Novikhin, H. Kassens, and L. Timokhov
Biogeosciences, 10, 1117–1129, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1117-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1117-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Coastal Ocean
The influence of zooplankton and oxygen on the particulate organic carbon flux in the Benguela Upwelling System
Reviews and syntheses: Biological indicators of low-oxygen stress in marine water-breathing animals
Temperature-enhanced effects of iron on Southern Ocean phytoplankton
Riverine nutrient impact on global ocean nitrogen cycle feedbacks and marine primary production in an Earth system model
The Northeast Greenland Shelf as a potential late-summer CO2 source to the atmosphere
Technical note: Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Pelagic Impact Intercomparison Project (OAEPIIP)
Estimates of carbon sequestration potential in an expanding Arctic fjord (Hornsund, Svalbard) affected by dark plumes of glacial meltwater
An assessment of ocean alkalinity enhancement using aqueous hydroxides: kinetics, efficiency, and precipitation thresholds
High metabolic zinc demand within native Amundsen and Ross Sea phytoplankton communities determined by stable isotope uptake rate measurements
Dissolved nitric oxide in the lower Elbe Estuary and the Port of Hamburg area
Variable contribution of wastewater treatment plant effluents to downstream nitrous oxide concentrations and emissions
Long-term variations of pH in coastal waters along the Korean Peninsula
Responses of microbial metabolic rates to non-equilibrated silicate vs calcium-based ocean alkalinity enhancement
Distribution of nutrients and dissolved organic matter in a eutrophic equatorial estuary: the Johor River and the East Johor Strait
Investigating the effect of silicate- and calcium-based ocean alkalinity enhancement on diatom silicification
Ocean alkalinity enhancement using sodium carbonate salts does not lead to measurable changes in Fe dynamics in a mesocosm experiment
Quantification and mitigation of bottom-trawling impacts on sedimentary organic carbon stocks in the North Sea
Influence of ocean alkalinity enhancement with olivine or steel slag on a coastal plankton community in Tasmania
Multi-model comparison of trends and controls of near-bed oxygen concentration on the northwest European continental shelf under climate change
Picoplanktonic methane production in eutrophic surface waters
Vertical mixing alleviates autumnal oxygen deficiency in the central North Sea
Hypoxia also occurs in small highly turbid estuaries: the example of the Charente (Bay of Biscay)
Assessing the impacts of simulated Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement on viability and growth of near-shore species of phytoplankton
Seasonality and response of ocean acidification and hypoxia to major environmental anomalies in the southern Salish Sea, North America (2014–2018)
Countering the effect of ocean acidification in coastal sediments through carbonate mineral additions
Oceanographic processes driving low-oxygen conditions inside Patagonian fjords
Above- and belowground plant mercury dynamics in a salt marsh estuary in Massachusetts, USA
Variability and drivers of carbonate chemistry at shellfish aquaculture sites in the Salish Sea, British Columbia
Unusual Hemiaulus bloom influences ocean productivity in Northeastern US Shelf waters
Insights into carbonate environmental conditions in the Chukchi Sea
UAV approaches for improved mapping of vegetation cover and estimation of carbon storage of small saltmarshes: examples from Loch Fleet, northeast Scotland
Iron “ore” nothing: benthic iron fluxes from the oxygen-deficient Santa Barbara Basin enhance phytoplankton productivity in surface waters
Marine anoxia initiates giant sulfur-oxidizing bacterial mat proliferation and associated changes in benthic nitrogen, sulfur, and iron cycling in the Santa Barbara Basin, California Borderland
Uncertainty in the evolution of northwestern North Atlantic circulation leads to diverging biogeochemical projections
The additionality problem of ocean alkalinity enhancement
Short-term variation in pH in seawaters around coastal areas of Japan: characteristics and forcings
Revisiting the applicability and constraints of molybdenum- and uranium-based paleo redox proxies: comparing two contrasting sill fjords
Influence of a small submarine canyon on biogenic matter export flux in the lower St. Lawrence Estuary, eastern Canada
Single-celled bioturbators: benthic foraminifera mediate oxygen penetration and prokaryotic diversity in intertidal sediment
Assessing impacts of coastal warming, acidification, and deoxygenation on Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) farming: a case study in the Hinase area, Okayama Prefecture, and Shizugawa Bay, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan
Multiple nitrogen sources for primary production inferred from δ13C and δ15N in the southern Sea of Japan
Influence of manganese cycling on alkalinity in the redox stratified water column of Chesapeake Bay
Estuarine flocculation dynamics of organic carbon and metals from boreal acid sulfate soils
Drivers of particle sinking velocities in the Peruvian upwelling system
Impacts and uncertainties of climate-induced changes in watershed inputs on estuarine hypoxia
Considerations for hypothetical carbon dioxide removal via alkalinity addition in the Amazon River watershed
High metabolism and periodic hypoxia associated with drifting macrophyte detritus in the shallow subtidal Baltic Sea
Production and accumulation of reef framework by calcifying corals and macroalgae on a remote Indian Ocean cay
Zooplankton community succession and trophic links during a mesocosm experiment in the coastal upwelling off Callao Bay (Peru)
Temporal and spatial evolution of bottom-water hypoxia in the St Lawrence estuarine system
Luisa Chiara Meiritz, Tim Rixen, Anja Karin van der Plas, Tarron Lamont, and Niko Lahajnar
Biogeosciences, 21, 5261–5276, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5261-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5261-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Moored and drifting sediment trap experiments in the northern (nBUS) and southern (sBUS) Benguela Upwelling System showed that active carbon fluxes by vertically migrating zooplankton were about 3 times higher in the sBUS than in the nBUS. Despite these large variabilities, the mean passive particulate organic carbon (POC) fluxes were almost equal in the two subsystems. The more intense near-bottom oxygen minimum layer seems to lead to higher POC fluxes and accumulation rates in the nBUS.
Michael R. Roman, Andrew H. Altieri, Denise Breitburg, Erica M. Ferrer, Natalya D. Gallo, Shin-ichi Ito, Karin Limburg, Kenneth Rose, Moriaki Yasuhara, and Lisa A. Levin
Biogeosciences, 21, 4975–5004, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4975-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4975-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Oxygen-depleted ocean waters have increased worldwide. In order to improve our understanding of the impacts of this oxygen loss on marine life it is essential that we develop reliable indicators that track the negative impacts of low oxygen. We review various indicators of low-oxygen stress for marine animals including their use, research needs, and application to confront the challenges of ocean oxygen loss.
Charlotte Eich, Mathijs van Manen, J. Scott P. McCain, Loay J. Jabre, Willem H. van de Poll, Jinyoung Jung, Sven B. E. H. Pont, Hung-An Tian, Indah Ardiningsih, Gert-Jan Reichart, Erin M. Bertrand, Corina P. D. Brussaard, and Rob Middag
Biogeosciences, 21, 4637–4663, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4637-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4637-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Phytoplankton growth in the Southern Ocean (SO) is often limited by low iron (Fe) concentrations. Sea surface warming impacts Fe availability and can affect phytoplankton growth. We used shipboard Fe clean incubations to test how changes in Fe and temperature affect SO phytoplankton. Their abundances usually increased with Fe addition and temperature increase, with Fe being the major factor. These findings imply potential shifts in ecosystem structure, impacting food webs and elemental cycling.
Miriam Tivig, David P. Keller, and Andreas Oschlies
Biogeosciences, 21, 4469–4493, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4469-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4469-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Marine biological production is highly dependent on the availability of nitrogen and phosphorus. Rivers are the main source of phosphorus to the oceans but poorly represented in global model oceans. We include dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus from river export in a global model ocean and find that the addition of riverine phosphorus affects marine biology on millennial timescales more than riverine nitrogen alone. Globally, riverine phosphorus input increases primary production rates.
Esdoorn Willcox, Marcos Lemes, Thomas Juul-Pedersen, Mikael Kristian Sejr, Johnna Marchiano Holding, and Søren Rysgaard
Biogeosciences, 21, 4037–4050, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4037-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4037-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we measured the chemistry of seawater from samples obtained from different depths and locations off the east coast of the Northeast Greenland National Park to determine what is influencing concentrations of dissolved CO2. Historically, the region has always been thought to take up CO2 from the atmosphere, but we show that it is possible for the region to become a source in late summer. We discuss the variables that may be related to such changes.
Lennart Thomas Bach, Aaron James Ferderer, Julie LaRoche, and Kai Georg Schulz
Biogeosciences, 21, 3665–3676, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3665-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3665-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is an emerging marine CO2 removal method, but its environmental effects are insufficiently understood. The OAE Pelagic Impact Intercomparison Project (OAEPIIP) provides funding for a standardized and globally replicated microcosm experiment to study the effects of OAE on plankton communities. Here, we provide a detailed manual for the OAEPIIP experiment. We expect OAEPIIP to help build scientific consensus on the effects of OAE on plankton.
Marlena Szeligowska, Déborah Benkort, Anna Przyborska, Mateusz Moskalik, Bernabé Moreno, Emilia Trudnowska, and Katarzyna Błachowiak-Samołyk
Biogeosciences, 21, 3617–3639, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3617-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3617-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The European Arctic is experiencing rapid regional warming, causing glaciers that terminate in the sea to retreat onto land. Due to this process, the area of a well-studied fjord, Hornsund, has increased by around 100 km2 (40%) since 1976. Combining satellite and in situ data with a mathematical model, we estimated that, despite some negative consequences of glacial meltwater release, such emerging coastal waters could mitigate climate change by increasing carbon uptake and storage by sediments.
Mallory C. Ringham, Nathan Hirtle, Cody Shaw, Xi Lu, Julian Herndon, Brendan R. Carter, and Matthew D. Eisaman
Biogeosciences, 21, 3551–3570, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3551-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3551-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement leverages the large surface area and carbon storage capacity of the oceans to store atmospheric CO2 as dissolved bicarbonate. We monitored CO2 uptake in seawater treated with NaOH to establish operational boundaries for carbon removal experiments. Results show that CO2 equilibration occurred on the order of weeks to months, was consistent with values expected from equilibration calculations, and was limited by mineral precipitation at high pH and CaCO3 saturation.
Riss M. Kell, Rebecca J. Chmiel, Deepa Rao, Dawn M. Moran, Matthew R. McIlvin, Tristan J. Horner, Nicole L. Schanke, Robert B. Dunbar, Giacomo R. DiTullio, and Mak A. Saito
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2085, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2085, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Southern Ocean phytoplankton play a pivotal role in regulating the uptake and sequestration of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This study describes a new stable zinc isotope uptake rate measurement method used to quantify zinc and cadmium uptake rates within native Southern Ocean phytoplankton communities. This data can better inform biogeochemical model predictions of primary production, carbon export, and atmospheric carbon dioxide flux.
Riel Carlo O. Ingeniero, Gesa Schulz, and Hermann W. Bange
Biogeosciences, 21, 3425–3440, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3425-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3425-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our research is the first to measure dissolved NO concentrations in temperate estuarine waters, providing insights into its distribution under varying conditions and enhancing our understanding of its production processes. Dissolved NO was supersaturated in the Elbe Estuary, indicating that it is a source of atmospheric NO. The observed distribution of dissolved NO most likely resulted from nitrification.
Weiyi Tang, Jeff Talbott, Timothy Jones, and Bess B. Ward
Biogeosciences, 21, 3239–3250, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3239-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3239-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are known to be hotspots of greenhouse gas emissions. However, the impact of WWTPs on the emission of the greenhouse gas N2O in downstream aquatic environments is less constrained. We found spatially and temporally variable but overall higher N2O concentrations and fluxes in waters downstream of WWTPs, pointing to the need for efficient N2O removal in addition to the treatment of nitrogen in WWTPs.
Yong-Woo Lee, Mi-Ok Park, Seong-Gil Kim, Tae-Hoon Kim, Yong-Hwa Oh, Sang Heun Lee, and Dong Joo Joung
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1836, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1836, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A long-term pH variation in coastal waters along the Korean peninsula was assessed for the first time, and it exhibited no significant pH change over an 11-year period. This contrasts with the ongoing pH decline in open oceans and other coastal areas. Analysis of environmental data showed that pH is mainly controlled by dissolved oxygen in bottom waters. This suggests that ocean warming could cause a pH decline in Korean coastal waters, affecting many fish and seaweeds aquaculture operations.
Laura Marin-Samper, Javier Arístegui, Nauzet Hernández-Hernández, and Ulf Riebesell
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1776, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1776, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study exposed a natural community to two non-CO2 equilibrated ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) deployments using different minerals. Adding alkalinity in this manner decreases dissolved CO2, essential for photosynthesis. While photosynthesis was not suppressed, bloom formation was delayed, potentially impacting marine food webs. The study emphasizes the need for further research on OAE without prior equilibration and its ecological implications
Amanda Y. L. Cheong, Kogila Vani Annammala, Ee Ling Yong, Yongli Zhou, Robert S. Nichols, and Patrick Martin
Biogeosciences, 21, 2955–2971, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2955-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2955-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured nutrients and dissolved organic matter for 1 year in a eutrophic tropical estuary to understand their sources and cycling. Our data show that the dissolved organic matter originates partly from land and partly from microbial processes in the water. Internal recycling is likely important for maintaining high nutrient concentrations, and we found that there is often excess nitrogen compared to silicon and phosphorus. Our data help to explain how eutrophication persists in this system.
Aaron Ferderer, Kai G. Schulz, Ulf Riebesell, Kirralee G. Baker, Zanna Chase, and Lennart T. Bach
Biogeosciences, 21, 2777–2794, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2777-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2777-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is a promising method of atmospheric carbon removal; however, its ecological impacts remain largely unknown. We assessed the effects of simulated silicate- and calcium-based mineral OAE on diatom silicification. We found that increased silicate concentrations from silicate-based OAE increased diatom silicification. In contrast, the enhancement of alkalinity had no effect on community silicification and minimal effects on the silicification of different genera.
David González-Santana, María Segovia, Melchor González-Dávila, Librada Ramírez, Aridane G. González, Leonardo J. Pozzo-Pirotta, Veronica Arnone, Victor Vázquez, Ulf Riebesell, and J. Magdalena Santana-Casiano
Biogeosciences, 21, 2705–2715, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2705-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2705-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In a recent experiment off the coast of Gran Canaria (Spain), scientists explored a method called ocean alkalinization enhancement (OAE), where carbonate minerals were added to seawater. This process changed the levels of certain ions in the water, affecting its pH and buffering capacity. The researchers were particularly interested in how this could impact the levels of essential trace metals in the water.
Lucas Porz, Wenyan Zhang, Nils Christiansen, Jan Kossack, Ute Daewel, and Corinna Schrum
Biogeosciences, 21, 2547–2570, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2547-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2547-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Seafloor sediments store a large amount of carbon, helping to naturally regulate Earth's climate. If disturbed, some sediment particles can turn into CO2, but this effect is not well understood. Using computer simulations, we found that bottom-contacting fishing gears release about 1 million tons of CO2 per year in the North Sea, one of the most heavily fished regions globally. We show how protecting certain areas could reduce these emissions while also benefitting seafloor-living animals.
Jiaying A. Guo, Robert F. Strzepek, Kerrie M. Swadling, Ashley T. Townsend, and Lennart T. Bach
Biogeosciences, 21, 2335–2354, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2335-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2335-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement aims to increase atmospheric CO2 sequestration by adding alkaline materials to the ocean. We assessed the environmental effects of olivine and steel slag powder on coastal plankton. Overall, slag is more efficient than olivine in releasing total alkalinity and, thus, in its ability to sequester CO2. Slag also had less environmental effect on the enclosed plankton communities when considering its higher CO2 removal potential based on this 3-week experiment.
Giovanni Galli, Sarah Wakelin, James Harle, Jason Holt, and Yuri Artioli
Biogeosciences, 21, 2143–2158, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2143-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2143-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This work shows that, under a high-emission scenario, oxygen concentration in deep water of parts of the North Sea and Celtic Sea can become critically low (hypoxia) towards the end of this century. The extent and frequency of hypoxia depends on the intensity of climate change projected by different climate models. This is the result of a complex combination of factors like warming, increase in stratification, changes in the currents and changes in biological processes.
Sandy E. Tenorio and Laura Farías
Biogeosciences, 21, 2029–2050, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2029-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2029-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Time series studies show that CH4 is highly dynamic on the coastal ocean surface and planktonic communities are linked to CH4 accumulation, as found in coastal upwelling off Chile. We have identified the crucial role of picoplankton (> 3 µm) in CH4 recycling, especially with the addition of methylated substrates (trimethylamine and methylphosphonic acid) during upwelling and non-upwelling periods. These insights improve understanding of surface ocean CH4 recycling, aiding CH4 emission estimates.
Charlotte A. J. Williams, Tom Hull, Jan Kaiser, Claire Mahaffey, Naomi Greenwood, Matthew Toberman, and Matthew R. Palmer
Biogeosciences, 21, 1961–1971, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1961-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1961-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Oxygen (O2) is a key indicator of ocean health. The risk of O2 loss in the productive coastal/continental slope regions is increasing. Autonomous underwater vehicles equipped with O2 optodes provide lots of data but have problems resolving strong vertical O2 changes. Here we show how to overcome this and calculate how much O2 is supplied to the low-O2 bottom waters via mixing. Bursts in mixing supply nearly all of the O2 to bottom waters in autumn, stopping them reaching ecologically low levels.
Sabine Schmidt and Ibrahima Iris Diallo
Biogeosciences, 21, 1785–1800, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1785-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1785-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Along the French coast facing the Bay of Biscay, the large Gironde and Loire estuaries suffer from hypoxia. This prompted a study of the small Charente estuary located between them. This work reveals a minimum oxygen zone in the Charente estuary, which extends for about 25 km. Temperature is the main factor controlling the hypoxia. This calls for the monitoring of small turbid macrotidal estuaries that are vulnerable to hypoxia, a risk expected to increase with global warming.
Jessica L. Oberlander, Mackenzie E. Burke, Cat A. London, and Hugh L. MacIntyre
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-971, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-971, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
OAE is a promising negative emission technology that could restore the oceanic pH and carbonate system to a pre-industrial state. To our knowledge, this paper is the first to assess the potential impact of OAE on phytoplankton through an analysis of prior studies and the effects of simulated OAE on photosynthetic competence. Our findings suggest that there may be little if any significant impact on most phytoplankton studied to date if OAE is conducted in well-flushed, near-shore environments.
Simone R. Alin, Jan A. Newton, Richard A. Feely, Samantha Siedlecki, and Dana Greeley
Biogeosciences, 21, 1639–1673, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1639-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1639-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We provide a new multi-stressor data product that allows us to characterize the seasonality of temperature, O2, and CO2 in the southern Salish Sea and delivers insights into the impacts of major marine heatwave and precipitation anomalies on regional ocean acidification and hypoxia. We also describe the present-day frequencies of temperature, O2, and ocean acidification conditions that cross thresholds of sensitive regional species that are economically or ecologically important.
Kadir Bice, Tristen Myers, George Waldbusser, and Christof Meile
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-796, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-796, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the effect of addition of carbonate minerals on coastal sediments, We carried out laboratory experiments to quantify the dissolution kinetics and integrated these observations into a numerical model that describes biogeochemical cycling in surficial sediments. Using the model, we demonstrate the buffering effect of the mineral additions and its duration. We quantify the effect under different environmental conditions and assess the potential for increased atmospheric CO2 uptake.
Pamela Linford, Iván Pérez-Santos, Paulina Montero, Patricio A. Díaz, Claudia Aracena, Elías Pinilla, Facundo Barrera, Manuel Castillo, Aida Alvera-Azcárate, Mónica Alvarado, Gabriel Soto, Cécile Pujol, Camila Schwerter, Sara Arenas-Uribe, Pilar Navarro, Guido Mancilla-Gutiérrez, Robinson Altamirano, Javiera San Martín, and Camila Soto-Riquelme
Biogeosciences, 21, 1433–1459, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1433-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1433-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Patagonian fjords comprise a world region where low-oxygen water and hypoxia conditions are observed. An in situ dataset was used to quantify the mechanism involved in the presence of these conditions in northern Patagonian fjords. Water mass analysis confirmed the contribution of Equatorial Subsurface Water in the advection of the low-oxygen water, and hypoxic conditions occurred when the community respiration rate exceeded the gross primary production.
Ting Wang, Buyun Du, Inke Forbrich, Jun Zhou, Joshua Polen, Elsie M. Sunderland, Prentiss H. Balcom, Celia Chen, and Daniel Obrist
Biogeosciences, 21, 1461–1476, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1461-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1461-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The strong seasonal increases of Hg in aboveground biomass during the growing season and the lack of changes observed after senescence in this salt marsh ecosystem suggest physiologically controlled Hg uptake pathways. The Hg sources found in marsh aboveground tissues originate from a mix of sources, unlike terrestrial ecosystems, where atmospheric GEM is the main source. Belowground plant tissues mostly take up Hg from soils. Overall, the salt marsh currently serves as a small net Hg sink.
Eleanor Simpson, Debby Ianson, Karen E. Kohfeld, Ana C. Franco, Paul A. Covert, Marty Davelaar, and Yves Perreault
Biogeosciences, 21, 1323–1353, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1323-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1323-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Shellfish aquaculture operates in nearshore areas where data on ocean acidification parameters are limited. We show daily and seasonal variability in pH and saturation states of calcium carbonate at nearshore aquaculture sites in British Columbia, Canada, and determine the contributing drivers of this variability. We find that nearshore locations have greater variability than open waters and that the uptake of carbon by phytoplankton is the major driver of pH and saturation state variability.
S. Alejandra Castillo Cieza, Rachel H. R. Stanley, Pierre Marrec, Diana N. Fontaine, E. Taylor Crockford, Dennis J. McGillicuddy Jr., Arshia Mehta, Susanne Menden-Deuer, Emily E. Peacock, Tatiana A. Rynearson, Zoe O. Sandwith, Weifeng Zhang, and Heidi M. Sosik
Biogeosciences, 21, 1235–1257, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1235-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1235-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The coastal ocean in the northeastern USA provides many services, including fisheries and habitats for threatened species. In summer 2019, a bloom occurred of a large unusual phytoplankton, the diatom Hemiaulus, with nitrogen-fixing symbionts. This led to vast changes in productivity and grazing rates in the ecosystem. This work shows that the emergence of one species can have profound effects on ecosystem function. Such changes may become more prevalent as the ocean warms due to climate change.
Claudine Hauri, Brita Irving, Sam Dupont, Rémi Pagés, Donna D. W. Hauser, and Seth L. Danielson
Biogeosciences, 21, 1135–1159, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1135-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1135-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic marine ecosystems are highly susceptible to impacts of climate change and ocean acidification. We present pH and pCO2 time series (2016–2020) from the Chukchi Ecosystem Observatory and analyze the drivers of the current conditions to get a better understanding of how climate change and ocean acidification could affect the ecological niches of organisms.
William Hiles, Lucy C. Miller, Craig Smeaton, and William E. N. Austin
Biogeosciences, 21, 929–948, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-929-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-929-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Saltmarsh soils may help to limit the rate of climate change by storing carbon. To understand their impacts, they must be accurately mapped. We use drone data to estimate the size of three saltmarshes in NE Scotland. We find that drone imagery, combined with tidal data, can reliably inform our understanding of saltmarsh size. When compared with previous work using vegetation communities, we find that our most reliable new estimates of stored carbon are 15–20 % smaller than previously estimated.
De'Marcus Robinson, Anh L. D. Pham, David J. Yousavich, Felix Janssen, Frank Wenzhöfer, Eleanor C. Arrington, Kelsey M. Gosselin, Marco Sandoval-Belmar, Matthew Mar, David L. Valentine, Daniele Bianchi, and Tina Treude
Biogeosciences, 21, 773–788, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-773-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-773-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The present study suggests that high release of ferrous iron from the seafloor of the oxygen-deficient Santa Barabara Basin (California) supports surface primary productivity, creating positive feedback on seafloor iron release by enhancing low-oxygen conditions in the basin.
David J. Yousavich, De'Marcus Robinson, Xuefeng Peng, Sebastian J. E. Krause, Frank Wenzhöfer, Felix Janssen, Na Liu, Jonathan Tarn, Franklin Kinnaman, David L. Valentine, and Tina Treude
Biogeosciences, 21, 789–809, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-789-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-789-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Declining oxygen (O2) concentrations in coastal oceans can threaten people’s ways of life and food supplies. Here, we investigate how mats of bacteria that proliferate on the seafloor of the Santa Barbara Basin sustain and potentially worsen these O2 depletion events through their unique chemoautotrophic metabolism. Our study shows how changes in seafloor microbiology and geochemistry brought on by declining O2 concentrations can help these mats grow as well as how that growth affects the basin.
Krysten Rutherford, Katja Fennel, Lina Garcia Suarez, and Jasmin G. John
Biogeosciences, 21, 301–314, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-301-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-301-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We downscaled two mid-century (~2075) ocean model projections to a high-resolution regional ocean model of the northwest North Atlantic (NA) shelf. In one projection, the NA shelf break current practically disappears; in the other it remains almost unchanged. This leads to a wide range of possible future shelf properties. More accurate projections of coastal circulation features would narrow the range of possible outcomes of biogeochemical projections for shelf regions.
Lennart Thomas Bach
Biogeosciences, 21, 261–277, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-261-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-261-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is a widely considered marine carbon dioxide removal method. OAE aims to accelerate chemical rock weathering, which is a natural process that slowly sequesters atmospheric carbon dioxide. This study shows that the addition of anthropogenic alkalinity via OAE can reduce the natural release of alkalinity and, therefore, reduce the efficiency of OAE for climate mitigation. However, the additionality problem could be mitigated via a variety of activities.
Tsuneo Ono, Daisuke Muraoka, Masahiro Hayashi, Makiko Yorifuji, Akihiro Dazai, Shigeyuki Omoto, Takehiro Tanaka, Tomohiro Okamura, Goh Onitsuka, Kenji Sudo, Masahiko Fujii, Ryuji Hamanoue, and Masahide Wakita
Biogeosciences, 21, 177–199, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-177-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-177-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We carried out parallel year-round observations of pH and related parameters in five stations around the Japan coast. It was found that short-term acidified situations with Omega_ar less than 1.5 occurred at four of five stations. Most of such short-term acidified events were related to the short-term low salinity event, and the extent of short-term pH drawdown at high freshwater input was positively correlated with the nutrient concentration of the main rivers that flow into the coastal area.
K. Mareike Paul, Martijn Hermans, Sami A. Jokinen, Inda Brinkmann, Helena L. Filipsson, and Tom Jilbert
Biogeosciences, 20, 5003–5028, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5003-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5003-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Seawater naturally contains trace metals such as Mo and U, which accumulate under low oxygen conditions on the seafloor. Previous studies have used sediment Mo and U contents as an archive of changing oxygen concentrations in coastal waters. Here we show that in fjords the use of Mo and U for this purpose may be impaired by additional processes. Our findings have implications for the reliable use of Mo and U to reconstruct oxygen changes in fjords.
Hannah Sharpe, Michel Gosselin, Catherine Lalande, Alexandre Normandeau, Jean-Carlos Montero-Serrano, Khouloud Baccara, Daniel Bourgault, Owen Sherwood, and Audrey Limoges
Biogeosciences, 20, 4981–5001, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4981-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4981-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the impact of submarine canyon processes within the Pointe-des-Monts system on biogenic matter export and phytoplankton assemblages. Using data from three oceanographic moorings, we show that the canyon experienced two low-amplitude sediment remobilization events in 2020–2021 that led to enhanced particle fluxes in the deep-water column layer > 2.6 km offshore. Sinking phytoplankton fluxes were lower near the canyon compared to background values from the lower St. Lawrence Estuary.
Dewi Langlet, Florian Mermillod-Blondin, Noémie Deldicq, Arthur Bauville, Gwendoline Duong, Lara Konecny, Mylène Hugoni, Lionel Denis, and Vincent M. P. Bouchet
Biogeosciences, 20, 4875–4891, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4875-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4875-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Benthic foraminifera are single-cell marine organisms which can move in the sediment column. They were previously reported to horizontally and vertically transport sediment particles, yet the impact of their motion on the dissolved fluxes remains unknown. Using microprofiling, we show here that foraminiferal burrow formation increases the oxygen penetration depth in the sediment, leading to a change in the structure of the prokaryotic community.
Masahiko Fujii, Ryuji Hamanoue, Lawrence Patrick Cases Bernardo, Tsuneo Ono, Akihiro Dazai, Shigeyuki Oomoto, Masahide Wakita, and Takehiro Tanaka
Biogeosciences, 20, 4527–4549, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4527-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4527-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This is the first study of the current and future impacts of climate change on Pacific oyster farming in Japan. Future coastal warming and acidification may affect oyster larvae as a result of longer exposure to lower-pH waters. A prolonged spawning period may harm oyster processing by shortening the shipping period and reducing oyster quality. To minimize impacts on Pacific oyster farming, in addition to mitigation measures, local adaptation measures may be required.
Taketoshi Kodama, Atsushi Nishimoto, Ken-ichi Nakamura, Misato Nakae, Naoki Iguchi, Yosuke Igeta, and Yoichi Kogure
Biogeosciences, 20, 3667–3682, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3667-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3667-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon and nitrogen are essential elements for organisms; their stable isotope ratios (13C : 12C, 15N : 14N) are useful tools for understanding turnover and movement in the ocean. In the Sea of Japan, the environment is rapidly being altered by human activities. The 13C : 12C of small organic particles is increased by active carbon fixation, and phytoplankton growth increases the values. The 15N : 14N variations suggest that nitrates from many sources contribute to organic production.
Aubin Thibault de Chanvalon, George W. Luther, Emily R. Estes, Jennifer Necker, Bradley M. Tebo, Jianzhong Su, and Wei-Jun Cai
Biogeosciences, 20, 3053–3071, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3053-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3053-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The intensity of the oceanic trap of CO2 released by anthropogenic activities depends on the alkalinity brought by continental weathering. Between ocean and continent, coastal water and estuaries can limit or favour the alkalinity transfer. This study investigate new interactions between dissolved metals and alkalinity in the oxygen-depleted zone of estuaries.
Joonas J. Virtasalo, Peter Österholm, and Eero Asmala
Biogeosciences, 20, 2883–2901, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2883-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2883-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We mixed acidic metal-rich river water from acid sulfate soils and seawater in the laboratory to study the flocculation of dissolved metals and organic matter in estuaries. Al and Fe flocculated already at a salinity of 0–2 to large organic flocs (>80 µm size). Precipitation of Al and Fe hydroxide flocculi (median size 11 µm) began when pH exceeded ca. 5.5. Mn transferred weakly to Mn hydroxides and Co to the flocs. Up to 50 % of Cu was associated with the flocs, irrespective of seawater mixing.
Moritz Baumann, Allanah Joy Paul, Jan Taucher, Lennart Thomas Bach, Silvan Goldenberg, Paul Stange, Fabrizio Minutolo, and Ulf Riebesell
Biogeosciences, 20, 2595–2612, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2595-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2595-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The sinking velocity of marine particles affects how much atmospheric CO2 is stored inside our oceans. We measured particle sinking velocities in the Peruvian upwelling system and assessed their physical and biochemical drivers. We found that sinking velocity was mainly influenced by particle size and porosity, while ballasting minerals played only a minor role. Our findings help us to better understand the particle sinking dynamics in this highly productive marine system.
Kyle E. Hinson, Marjorie A. M. Friedrichs, Raymond G. Najjar, Maria Herrmann, Zihao Bian, Gopal Bhatt, Pierre St-Laurent, Hanqin Tian, and Gary Shenk
Biogeosciences, 20, 1937–1961, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1937-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1937-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Climate impacts are essential for environmental managers to consider when implementing nutrient reduction plans designed to reduce hypoxia. This work highlights relative sources of uncertainty in modeling regional climate impacts on the Chesapeake Bay watershed and consequent declines in bay oxygen levels. The results demonstrate that planned water quality improvement goals are capable of reducing hypoxia levels by half, offsetting climate-driven impacts on terrestrial runoff.
Linquan Mu, Jaime B. Palter, and Hongjie Wang
Biogeosciences, 20, 1963–1977, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1963-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1963-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Enhancing ocean alkalinity accelerates carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere. We hypothetically added alkalinity to the Amazon River and examined the increment of the carbon uptake by the Amazon plume. We also investigated the minimum alkalinity addition in which this perturbation at the river mouth could be detected above the natural variability.
Karl M. Attard, Anna Lyssenko, and Iván F. Rodil
Biogeosciences, 20, 1713–1724, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1713-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1713-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Aquatic plants produce a large amount of organic matter through photosynthesis that, following erosion, is deposited on the seafloor. In this study, we show that plant detritus can trigger low-oxygen conditions (hypoxia) in shallow coastal waters, making conditions challenging for most marine animals. We propose that the occurrence of hypoxia may be underestimated because measurements typically do not consider the region closest to the seafloor, where detritus accumulates.
M. James McLaughlin, Cindy Bessey, Gary A. Kendrick, John Keesing, and Ylva S. Olsen
Biogeosciences, 20, 1011–1026, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1011-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1011-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Coral reefs face increasing pressures from environmental change at present. The coral reef framework is produced by corals and calcifying algae. The Kimberley region of Western Australia has escaped land-based anthropogenic impacts. Specimens of the dominant coral and algae were collected from Browse Island's reef platform and incubated in mesocosms to measure calcification and production patterns of oxygen. This study provides important data on reef building and climate-driven effects.
Patricia Ayón Dejo, Elda Luz Pinedo Arteaga, Anna Schukat, Jan Taucher, Rainer Kiko, Helena Hauss, Sabrina Dorschner, Wilhelm Hagen, Mariona Segura-Noguera, and Silke Lischka
Biogeosciences, 20, 945–969, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-945-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-945-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean upwelling regions are highly productive. With ocean warming, severe changes in upwelling frequency and/or intensity and expansion of accompanying oxygen minimum zones are projected. In a field experiment off Peru, we investigated how different upwelling intensities affect the pelagic food web and found failed reproduction of dominant zooplankton. The changes projected could severely impact the reproductive success of zooplankton communities and the pelagic food web in upwelling regions.
Mathilde Jutras, Alfonso Mucci, Gwenaëlle Chaillou, William A. Nesbitt, and Douglas W. R. Wallace
Biogeosciences, 20, 839–849, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-839-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-839-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The deep waters of the lower St Lawrence Estuary and gulf have, in the last decades, experienced a strong decline in their oxygen concentration. Below 65 µmol L-1, the waters are said to be hypoxic, with dire consequences for marine life. We show that the extent of the hypoxic zone shows a seven-fold increase in the last 20 years, reaching 9400 km2 in 2021. After a stable period at ~ 65 µmol L⁻¹ from 1984 to 2019, the oxygen level also suddenly decreased to ~ 35 µmol L-1 in 2020.
Cited articles
Alling, V., Sanchez-Garcia, L., Porcelli, D., Pugach, S., Vonk, J. E., van
Dongen, B., Morth, C. M., Anderson, L. G., Sokolov, A., Andersson, P.,
Humborg, C., Semiletov, I., and Gustafsson, O.: Nonconservative behavior of
dissolved organic carbon across the Laptev and East Siberian seas, Global
Biogeochem. Cy., 24, Gb4033, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010gb003834, 2010.
Amon, R. M. W.: The role of dissolved organic matter for the organic carbon
cycle in the Arctic Ocean, in: The organic carbon cycle in the Arctic Ocean,
edited by: Stein, R. and MacDonald, R. W., Springer Verlag, Berlin, 83–99,
2004.
Amon, R. M. W. and Meon, B.: The biogeochemistry of dissolved organic
matter and nutrients in two large Arctic estuaries and potential
implications for our understanding of the Arctic Ocean system, Mar. Chem., 92,
311–330, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2004.06.034, 2004.
Amon, R. M. W., Rinehart, A. J., Duan, S., Louchouarn, P., Prokushkin, A.,
Guggenberger, G., Bauch, D., Stedmon, C., Raymond, P. A., Holmes, R. M.,
McClelland, J. W., Peterson, B. J., Walker, S. A., and Zhulidov, A. V.:
Dissolved organic matter sources in large Arctic rivers, Geochim. Cosmochim.
Ac., 94, 217–237, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.07.015, 2012.
Anderson, L. G. and Amon, R. M. W.: DOM in the Arctic Ocean, chap. 14,
in: Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter (2nd Edn.),
edited by: Hansell, D. A. and Carlson, C. A., Academic Press, Boston,
609–633, 2015.
Anderson, L. G. and Macdonald, R. W.: Observing the Arctic Ocean carbon
cycle in a changing environment, Polar Res., 34, 26891,
https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v34.26891, 2015.
Anderson, L. G., Bjork, G., Jutterstrom, S., Pipko, I., Shakhova, N.,
Semiletov, I., and Wahlstrom, I.: East Siberian Sea, an Arctic region of
very high biogeochemical activity, Biogeosciences, 8, 1745–1754,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-1745-2011, 2011.
Anderson, L. G., Bjork, G., Holby, O., Jutterstrom, S., Morth, C. M.,
O'Regan, M., Pearce, C., Semiletov, I., Stranne, C., Stoven, T., Tanhua, T.,
Ulfsbo, A., and Jakobsson, M.: Shelf-Basin interaction along the East
Siberian Sea, Ocean Sci., 13, 349–363,
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-349-2017, 2017.
Bareiss, J. and Görgen, K.: Spatial and temporal variability of sea ice
in the Laptev Sea: Analyses and review of satellite passive-microwave data
and model results, 1979 to 2002, Global Planet. Change, 48, 28–54,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.12.004, 2005.
Bauch, D. and Thibodeau, B.: Stable oxygen isotope analysis of water samples
during helicopter/ice camp TRANSDRIFT-XX, Laptev Sea, PANGAEA [Dataset],
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924538, 2020.
Bauch, D., Erlenkeuser, H., and Andersen, N.: Water mass processes on Arctic
shelves as revealed from delta O-18 of H2O, Global Planet. Change, 48,
165–174, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.12.011, 2005.
Bauch, D., Dmitrenko, I. A., Wegner, C., Hölemann, J., Kirillov, S. A.,
Timokhov, L. A., and Kassens, H.: Exchange of Laptev Sea and Arctic Ocean
halocline waters in response to atmospheric forcing, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean.,
114, C05008, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jc005062, 2009a.
Bauch, D., Dmitrenko, I., Kirillov, S., Wegner, C., Hölemann, J.,
Pivovarov, S., Timokhov, L., and Kassens, H.: Eurasian Arctic shelf
hydrography: Exchange and residence time of southern Laptev Sea waters, Cont.
Shelf Res., 29, 1815, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2009.06.009, 2009b.
Bauch, D., Hölemann, J., Willmes, S., Groger, M., Novikhin, A.,
Nikulina, A., Kassens, H., and Timokhov, L.: Changes in distribution of
brine waters on the Laptev Sea shelf in 2007, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 115,
C11008, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010jc006249, 2010.
Bauch, D., van der Loeff, M. R., Andersen, N., Torres-Valdes, S., Bakker,
K., and Abrahamsen, E. P.: Origin of freshwater and polynya water in the
Arctic Ocean halocline in summer 2007, Prog. Oceanogr., 91, 482–495,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2011.07.017, 2011.
Bauch, D., Hölemann, J. A., Dmitrenko, I. A., Janout, M. A., Nikulina,
A., Kirillov, S. A., Krumpen, T., Kassens, H., and Timokhov, L.: Impact of
Siberian coastal polynyas on shelf-derived Arctic Ocean halocline waters, J.
Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 117, C00g12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jc007282,
2012.
Bauch, D., Hölemann, J. A., Nikulina, A., Wegner, C., Janout, M. A.,
Timokhov, L. A., and Kassens, H.: Correlation of river water and local
sea-ice melting on the Laptev Sea shelf (Siberian Arctic), J. Geophys.
Res.-Ocean., 118, 550–561, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20076, 2013.
Bauch, D., Cherniavskaia, E., Novikhin, A., and Kassens, H.: Physical oceanography, nutrients, and δ18O measured on water bottle samples in the Laptev Sea, PANGAEA [Dataset], https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.885448, 2018.
Bélanger, S., Xie, H. X., Krotkov, N., Larouche, P., Vincent, W. F., and
Babin, M.: Photomineralization of terrigenous dissolved organic matter in
Arctic coastal waters from 1979 to 2003: Interannual variability and
implications of climate change, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 20, Gb4005,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2006gb002708, 2006.
Biskaborn, B. K., Smith, S. L., Noetzli, J., Matthes, H., Vieira, G.,
Streletskiy, D. A., Schoeneich, P., Romanovsky, V. E., Lewkowicz, A. G.,
Abramov, A., Allard, M., Boike, J., Cable, W. L., Christiansen, H. H.,
Delaloye, R., Diekmann, B., Drozdov, D., Etzelmuller, B., Grosse, G.,
Guglielmin, M., Ingeman-Nielsen, T., Isaksen, K., Ishikawa, M., Johansson,
M., Johannsson, H., Joo, A., Kaverin, D., Kholodov, A., Konstantinov, P.,
Kroger, T., Lambiel, C., Lanckman, J. P., Luo, D. L., Malkova, G.,
Meiklejohn, I., Moskalenko, N., Oliva, M., Phillips, M., Ramos, M., Sannel,
A. B. K., Sergeev, D., Seybold, C., Skryabin, P., Vasiliev, A., Wu, Q. B.,
Yoshikawa, K., Zheleznyak, M., and Lantuit, H.: Permafrost is warming at a
global scale, Nat. Commun., 10, 264, https://doi.org/:10.1038/s41467-018-08240-4, 2019.
Cauwet, G. and Sidorov, I.: The biogeochemistry of Lena River: Organic
carbon and nutrients distribution, Mar. Chem., 53, 211–227,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(95)00090-9, 1996.
Charette, M. A., Kipp, L. E., Jensen, L. T., Dabrowski, J. S., Whitmore, L.
M., Fitzsimmons, J. N., Williford, T., Ulfsbo, A., Jones, E., Bundy, R. M.,
Vivancos, S. M., Pahnke, K., John, S. G., Xiang, Y., Hatta, M., Petrova, M.
V., Heimbürger-Boavida, L.-E., Bauch, D., Newton, R., Pasqualini, A.,
Agather, A. M., Amon, R. M. W., Anderson, R. F., Andersson, P. S., Benner,
R., Bowman, K. L., Edwards, R. L., Gdaniec, S., Gerringa, L. J. A.,
González, A. G., Granskog, M., Haley, B., Hammerschmidt, C. R., Hansell,
D. A., Henderson, P. B., Kadko, D. C., Kaiser, K., Laan, P., Lam, P. J.,
Lamborg, C. H., Levier, M., Li, X., Margolin, A. R., Measures, C., Middag,
R., Millero, F. J., Moore, W. S., Paffrath, R., Planquette, H., Rabe, B.,
Reader, H., Rember, R., Rijkenberg, M. J. A., Roy-Barman, M., Rutgers van
der Loeff, M., Saito, M., Schauer, U., Schlosser, P., Sherrell, R. M.,
Shiller, A. M., Slagter, H., Sonke, J. E., Stedmon, C., Woosley, R. J.,
Valk, O., van Ooijen, J., and Zhang, R.: The Transpolar Drift as a Source of
Riverine and Shelf-Derived Trace Elements to the Central Arctic Ocean,
J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 125, 1–34, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jc015920, 2020.
Coble, P. G.: Marine optical biogeochemistry: The chemistry of ocean color,
Chem. Rev., 107, 402–418, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr050350+, 2007.
Cooper, L. W., Benner, R., McClelland, J. W., Peterson, B. J., Holmes, R.
M., Raymond, P. A., Hansell, D. A., Grebmeier, J. M., and Codispoti, L. A.:
Linkages among runoff, dissolved organic carbon, and the stable oxygen
isotope composition of seawater and other water mass indicators in the
Arctic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 110, G02013,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005jg000031, 2005.
Craig, H.: Standard for Reporting Concentrations of Deuterium and Oxygen-18
in Natural Waters, Science, 133, 1833–1834,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.133.3467.1833, 1961.
Danhiez, F. P., Vantrepotte, V., Cauvin, A., Lebourg, E., and Loisel, H.:
Optical properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter during a
phytoplankton bloom. Implication for DOC estimates from CDOM absorption,
Limnol. Oceanogr., 62, 1409–1425, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10507, 2017.
Dittmar, T. and Kattner, G.: The biogeochemistry of the river and shelf
ecosystem of the Arctic Ocean: a review, Mar. Chem., 83, 103–120,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(03)00105-1, 2003.
Eicken, H., Dmitrenko, I., Tyshko, K., Darovskikh, A., Dierking, W., Blahak,
U., Groves, J., and Kassens, H.: Zonation of the Laptev Sea landfast ice
cover and its importance in a frozen estuary, Global Planet. Change, 48,
55–83, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.12.005, 2005.
Eulenburg, A., Juhls, B., and Hölemann, J. A.: Surface water dissolved
organic matter (DOC, CDOM) in the Lena River, PANGAEA [Dataset],
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.898711, 2019.
Fichot, C. G. and Benner, R.: The spectral slope coefficient of
chromophoric dissolved organic matter (S275–295) as a tracer of terrigenous
dissolved organic carbon in river-influenced ocean margins, Limnol. Oceanogr.,
57, 1453–1466, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2012.57.5.1453, 2012.
Frey, K. E. and Smith, L. C.: Amplified carbon release from vast West
Siberian peatlands by 2100, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L09401,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2004gl022025, 2005.
Giannelli, V., Thomas, D. N., Haas, C., Kattner, G., Kennedy, H., and
Dieckmann, G. S.: Behaviour of dissolved organic matter and inorganic
nutrients during experimental sea-ice formation, Ann. Glaciol., 33, 317–321,
https://doi.org/10.3189/172756401781818572, 2001.
Gnanadesikan, A., Kim, G. E., and Pradal, M. A. S.: Impact of Colored
Dissolved Materials on the Annual Cycle of Sea Surface Temperature:
Potential Implications for Extreme Ocean Temperatures, Geophys. Res. Lett., 46,
861–869, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gl080695, 2019.
Gonçalves-Araújo, R., Stedmon, C. A., Heim, B., Dubinenkov, I., Kraberg, A.,
Moiseev, D., and Bracher, A.: From Fresh to Marine Waters: Characterization
and Fate of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Lena River Delta Region,
Siberia, Front. Mar. Sci., 2, 108,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2015.00108, 2015.
Granskog, M. A.: Changes in spectral slopes of colored dissolved organic
matter absorption with mixing and removal in a terrestrially dominated
marine system (Hudson Bay, Canada), Mar. Chem., 134/135, 10–17,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2012.02.008, 2012.
Granskog, M. A., Macdonald, R. W., Kuzyk, Z. Z. A., Senneville, S., Mundy,
C.-J., Barber, D. G., Stern, G. A., and Saucier, F.: Coastal conduit in
southwestern Hudson Bay (Canada) in summer: Rapid transit of freshwater and
significant loss of colored dissolved organic matter, J. Geophys.
Res.-Ocean., 114, C08012, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JC005270, 2009.
Granskog, M. A., Stedmon, C. A., Dodd, P. A., Amon, R. M. W., Pavlov, A. K.,
de Steur, L., and Hansen, E.: Characteristics of colored dissolved organic
matter (CDOM) in the Arctic outflow in the Fram Strait: Assessing the
changes and fate of terrigenous CDOM in the Arctic Ocean, J. Geophys.
Res.-Ocean., 117, C12021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012jc008075, 2012.
Granskog, M. A., Nomura, D., Muller, S., Krell, A., Toyota, T., and Hattori,
H.: Evidence for significant protein-like dissolved organic matter
accumulation in Sea of Okhotsk sea ice, Ann. Glaciol., 56, 1–8,
10.3189/2015AoG69A002, 2015a.
Granskog, M. A., Pavlov, A. K., Sagan, S., Kowalczuk, P., Raczkowska, A.,
and Stedmon, C. A.: Effect of sea-ice melt on inherent optical properties
and vertical distribution of solar radiant heating in Arctic surface waters,
J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 120, 7028–7039, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jc011087,
2015b.
Gueguen, C., Guo, L. D., and Tanaka, N.: Distributions and characteristics
of colored dissolved organic matter in the Western Arctic Ocean, Cont. Shelf
Res., 25, 1195–1207, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2005.01.005, 2005.
Guo, L. D., Ping, C. L., and Macdonald, R. W.: Mobilization pathways of
organic carbon from permafrost to arctic rivers in a changing climate,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L13603, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007gl030689,
2007.
Haine, T. W. N., Curry, B., Gerdes, R., Hansen, E., Karcher, M., Lee, C.,
Rudels, B., Spreen, G., de Steur, L., Stewart, K. D., and Woodgate, R.:
Arctic freshwater export: Status, mechanisms, and prospects, Global Planet. Change, 125, 13–35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2014.11.013, 2015.
Heim, B., Abramova, E., Doerffer, R., Gunther, F., Hölemann, J.,
Kraberg, A., Lantuit, H., Loginova, A., Martynov, F., Overduin, P. P., and
Wegner, C.: Ocean colour remote sensing in the southern Laptev Sea:
evaluation and applications, Biogeosciences, 11, 4191–4210,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4191-2014, 2014.
Helms, J. R., Stubbins, A., Ritchie, J. D., Minor, E. C., Kieber, D. J., and
Mopper, K.: Absorption spectral slopes and slope ratios as indicators of
molecular weight, source, and photobleaching of chromophoric dissolved
organic matter, Limnol. Oceanogr., 53, 955–969,
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2008.53.3.0955, 2008.
Hill, V. J.: Impacts of chromophoric dissolved organic material on surface
ocean heating in the Chukchi Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 113, C07024,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jc004119, 2008.
Hölemann, J. A., Schirmacher, M., and Prange, A.: Seasonal variability
of trace metals in the Lena River and the southeastern Laptev Sea: Impact of
the spring freshet, Global Planet. Change, 48, 112–125,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.12.008, 2005.
Hölemann, J. A., Juhls, B., and Timokhov, L. A.: Colored dissolved organic
matter (CDOM) measured during cruise TRANSDRIFT-XVII, Laptev Sea, PANGAEA [Dataset],
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924206, 2020a.
Hölemann, J., Koch, B. P., Juhls, B., and Timokhov, L. A.: Colored dissolved
organic matter (CDOM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measured during
cruise TRANSDRIFT-XIX, Laptev Sea, PANGAEA [Dataset],
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924209, 2020b.
Hölemann, J. A., Koch, B. P., Juhls, B., and Timokhov, L. A.: Colored
dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measured
during helicopter/ice camp TRANSDRIFT-XX, Laptev Sea, PANGAEA [Dataset],
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924228, 2020c.
Hölemann, J. A., Juhls, B., and Timokhov, L. A.: Colored dissolved organic
matter (CDOM) measured during cruise TRANSDRIFT-XXI, Laptev Sea, PANGAEA [Dataset],
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924203, 2020d.
Hölemann, J., Koch, B. P., Juhls, B., and Timokhov, L. A.: Colored dissolved
organic matter (CDOM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measured during
cruise TRANSDRIFT-XXII, Laptev Sea, PANGAEA [Dataset],
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924202, 2020e.
Hölemann, J. A., Koch, B. P., Juhls, B., and Ivanov, V.: Colored dissolved
organic matter (CDOM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measured during
cruise TRANSDRIFT-XXIV, Laptev Sea, PANGAEA [Dataset],
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924210, 2020f.
Hölemann, J. A., Chetverova, A., Juhls, B., and Kusse-Tiuz, N.: Colored
dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measured
during cruise TRANSARKTIKA-2019 Leg4, Laptev Sea and East Siberian Sea,
PANGAEA [Dataset], https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924211, 2020g.
Holmes, R. M., McClelland, J. W., Peterson, B. J., Tank, S. E., Bulygina,
E., Eglinton, T. I., Gordeev, V. V., Gurtovaya, T. Y., Raymond, P. A.,
Repeta, D. J., Staples, R., Striegl, R. G., Zhulidov, A. V., and Zimov, S.
A.: Seasonal and Annual Fluxes of Nutrients and Organic Matter from Large
Rivers to the Arctic Ocean and Surrounding Seas, Estuar. Coast., 35, 369–382,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-011-9386-6, 2012.
Hugelius, G., Strauss, J., Zubrzycki, S., Harden, J. W., Schuur, E. A. G.,
Ping, C. L., Schirrmeister, L., Grosse, G., Michaelson, G. J., Koven, C. D.,
O'Donnell, J. A., Elberling, B., Mishra, U., Camill, P., Yu, Z., Palmtag,
J., and Kuhry, P.: Estimated stocks of circumpolar permafrost carbon with
quantified uncertainty ranges and identified data gaps, Biogeosciences, 11,
6573–6593, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6573-2014, 2014.
Itkin, P. and Krumpen, T.: Winter sea ice export from the Laptev Sea
preconditions the local summer sea ice cover and fast ice decay, The Cryosphere,
11, 2383–2391, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-2383-2017, 2017.
Jakobsson, M., Mayer, L., Coakley, B., Dowdeswell, J. A., Forbes, S.,
Fridman, B., Hodnesdal, H., Noormets, R., Pedersen, R., Rebesco, M.,
Schenke, H. W., Zarayskaya, Y., Accettella, D., Armstrong, A., Anderson, R.
M., Bienhoff, P., Camerlenghi, A., Church, I., Edwards, M., Gardner, J. V.,
Hall, J. K., Hell, B., Hestvik, O., Kristoffersen, Y., Marcussen, C.,
Mohammad, R., Mosher, D., Nghiem, S. V., Pedrosa, M. T., Travaglini, P. G.,
and Weatherall, P.: The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean
(IBCAO) Version 3.0, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L12609,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL052219, 2012.
Janout, M. A., Hölemann, J., and Krumpen, T.: Cross-shelf transport of
warm and saline water in response to sea ice drift on the Laptev Sea shelf,
J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 118, 563–576, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jc007731,
2013.
Janout, M. A., Aksenov, Y., Hölemann, J. A., Rabe, B., Schauer, U.,
Polyakov, I. V., Bacon, S., Coward, A. C., Karcher, M., Lenn, Y. D.,
Kassens, H., and Timokhov, L.: Kara Sea freshwater transport through
Vilkitsky Strait: Variability, forcing, and further pathways toward the
western Arctic Ocean from a model and observations, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean.,
120, 4925–4944, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jc010635, 2015.
Janout, M. A., Hölemann, J., Waite, A. M., Krumpen, T., von Appen, W.
J., and Martynov, F.: Sea-ice retreat controls timing of summer plankton
blooms in the Eastern Arctic Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 43, 12493–12501,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl071232, 2016a.
Janout, M. A., Holemann, J., Juhls, B., Krumpen, T., Rabe, B., Bauch, D.,
Wegner, C., Kassens, H., and Timokhov, L.: Episodic warming of near-bottom
waters under the Arctic sea ice on the central Laptev Sea shelf, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 43, 264–272, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gl066565, 2016b.
Janout, M. A., Hölemann, J., Timokhov, L., Gutjahr, O., and Heinemann,
G.: Circulation in the northwest Laptev Sea in the eastern Arctic Ocean:
Crossroads between Siberian River water, Atlantic water and polynya-formed
dense water, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 122, 6630–6647,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jc013159, 2017.
Janout, M.A., Hölemann, J., Smirnov, A., Krumpen, T., Bauch, D.,
Laukert, G., and Timokhov, L.: On the variability of stratification in the
freshwater influenced Laptev Sea region, Front Mar. Sci., 7, 543489,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.543489, 2020.
Jørgensen, L., Stedmon, C. A., Kaartokallio, H., Middelboe, M., and
Thomas, D. N.: Changes in the composition and bioavailability of dissolved
organic matter during sea ice formation, Limnol. Oceanogr., 60, 817–830,
https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10058, 2015.
Juhls, B., Overduin, P. P., Hölemann, J., Hieronymi, M., Matsuoka, A.,
Heim, B., and Fischer, J.: Dissolved organic matter at the fluvial-marine
transition in the Laptev Sea using in situ data and ocean colour remote
sensing, Biogeosciences, 16, 2693–2713,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2693-2019, 2019.
Juhls, B., Stedmon, C. A., Morgenstern, A., Meyer, H., Hölemann, J.,
Heim, B., Povazhnyi, V., and Overduin, P. P.: Identifying Drivers of
Seasonality in Lena River Biogeochemistry and Dissolved Organic Matter
Fluxes, Front. Environ. Sci., 8, 1–15,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2020.00053, 2020.
Kaiser, K., Benner, R., and Amon, R. M. W.: The fate of terrigenous
dissolved organic carbon on the Eurasian shelves and export to the North
Atlantic, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 122, 4–22,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jc012380, 2017a.
Kaiser, K., Canedo-Oropeza, M., McMahon, R., and Amon, R. M. W.: Origins and
transformations of dissolved organic matter in large Arctic rivers, Sci.
Rep.-UK, 7, 13064, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12729-1, 2017b.
Kattner, G., Juhls, B., and Heim, B.: Surface water dissolved organic matter
(DOC, CDOM) in the Lena River, PANGAEA [Dataset],
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.898705, 2010.
Kattner, G., Lobbes, J. M., Fitznar, H. P., Engbrodt, R., Nothig, E. M., and
Lara, R. J.: Tracing dissolved organic substances and nutrients from the
Lena River through Laptev Sea (Arctic), Mar. Chem., 65, 25–39,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(99)00008-0, 1999.
Köhler, H., Meon, B., Gordeev, V. V., Spitzy, A., and Amon, R. M. W.:
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the estuaries of Ob and Yenisei and the
adjacent Kara Sea, Russia, in: Siberian river run-off in the Kara Sea,
edited by: Stein, R., Fahl, K., Fütterer, D. K., Galimov, E. M., and
Stepanets, O. V.: Proceedings in Marine Science, 6, Elsevier Science B. V.,
Amsterdam, 281–308, 2003.
Kotchetov, S. V., Kulakov, I. Y., Kurajov, V. K., Timokhov, L. A., and
Vanda, Y. A.: Hydrometeorological regime of the Laptev Sea, Federal Service
of Russia for Hydrometeorology and Monitoring of the Environment, Arct.
Antarct. Res. Inst., St. Petersburg, Russia, 85, 1–34, 1994.
Kowalczuk, P., Meler, J., Kauko, H. M., Pavlov, A. K., Zablocka, M., Peeken,
I., Dybwad, C., Castellani, G., and Granskog, M. A.: Bio-optical properties
of Arctic drift ice and surface waters north of Svalbard from winter to
spring, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 122, 4634–4660,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jc012589, 2017.
Krumpen, T., Hölemann, J. A., Willmes, S., Maqueda, M. A. M., Busche,
T., Dmitrenko, I. A., Gerdes, R., Haas, C., Heinemann, G., Hendricks, S.,
Kassens, H., Rabenstein, L., and Schroder, D.: Sea ice production and water
mass modification in the eastern Laptev Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 116,
C05014, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010jc006545, 2011.
Kwok, R. and Morison, J.: Dynamic topography of the ice-covered Arctic
Ocean from ICESat, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L02501,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2010gl046063, 2011.
Lara, R. J., Rachold, V., Kattner, G., Hubberten, H. W., Guggenberger, G.,
Skoog, A., and Thomas, D. N.: Dissolved organic matter and nutrients in the
Lena River, Siberian Arctic: Characteristics and distribution, Mar. Chem., 59,
301–309, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(97)00076-5, 1998.
Letscher, R. T., Hansell, D. A., and Kadko, D.: Rapid removal of terrigenous
dissolved organic carbon over the Eurasian shelves of the Arctic Ocean, Mar.
Chem., 123, 78–87, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2010.10.002, 2011.
Li, Z., Zhao, J., Su, J., Li, C., Cheng, B., Hui, F., Yang, Q., and Shi, L.:
Spatial and Temporal Variations in the Extent and Thickness of Arctic
Landfast Ice, Remote Sens-Basel, 12, 1–20, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010064,
2020.
Logvinova, C. L., Frey, K. E., and Cooper, L. W.: The potential role of sea
ice melt in the distribution of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in the
Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 130, 28–42,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.04.017, 2016.
Macdonald, R. W., Paton, D. W., Carmack, E. C., and Omstedt, A.: The
Fresh-Water Budget and under-Ice Spreading of Mackenzie River Water in the
Canadian Beaufort Sea Based on Salinity and O-18
Manizza, M., Follows, M. J., Dutkiewicz, S., McClelland, J. W., Menemenlis,
D., Hill, C. N., Townsend-Small, A., and Peterson, B. J.: Modeling transport
and fate of riverine dissolved organic carbon in the Arctic Ocean, Global
Biogeochem. Cy., 23, Gb4006, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gb003396, 2009.
Mann, P. J., Davydova, A., Zimov, N., Spencer, R. G. M., Davydov, S.,
Bulygina, E., Zimov, S., and Holmes, R. M.: Controls on the composition and
lability of dissolved organic matter in Siberia's Kolyma River basin, J.
Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 117, G01028, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jg001798,
2012.
Mann, P. J., Spencer, R. G. M., Hernes, P. J., Six, J., Aiken, G. R., Tank,
S. E., McClelland, J. W., Butler, K. D., Dyda, R. Y., and Holmes, R. M.:
Pan-Arctic Trends in Terrestrial Dissolved Organic Matter from Optical
Measurements, Front Earth Sc-Switz, 4, 1–18,
https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2016.00025, 2016.
Mathis, J. T., Hansell, D. A., and Bates, N. R.: Strong hydrographic
controls on spatial and seasonal variability of dissolved organic carbon in
the Chukchi Sea, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 52, 3245–3258,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.10.002, 2005.
Matsuoka, A., Bricaud, A., Benner, R., Para, J., Sempere, R., Prieur, L.,
Belanger, S., and Babin, M.: Tracing the transport of colored dissolved
organic matter in water masses of the Southern Beaufort Sea: relationship
with hydrographic characteristics, Biogeosciences, 9, 925–940,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-925-2012, 2012.
Matsuoka, A., Boss, E., Babin, M., Karp-Boss, L., Hafez, M., Chekalyuk, A.,
Proctor, C. W., Werdell, P. J., and Bricaud, A.: Pan-Arctic optical
characteristics of colored dissolved organic matter: Tracing dissolved
organic carbon in changing Arctic waters using satellite ocean color data,
Remote Sens. Environ., 200, 89–101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.08.009,
2017.
McClelland, J. W., Holmes, R. M., Peterson, B. J., and Stieglitz, M.:
Increasing river discharge in the Eurasian Arctic: Consideration of dams,
permafrost thaw, and fires as potential agents of change, J. Geophys.
Res.-Atmos., 109, D18102, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jd004583, 2004.
Morison, J., Kwok, R., Peralta-Ferriz, C., Alkire, M., Rigor, I., Andersen,
R., and Steele, M.: Changing Arctic Ocean freshwater pathways, Nature, 481,
66–70, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10705, 2012.
Müller, S., Vahatalo, A. V., Stedmon, C. A., Granskog, M. A., Norman,
L., Aslam, S. N., Underwood, G. J. C., Dieckmann, G. S., and Thomas, D. N.:
Selective incorporation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during sea ice
formation, Mar. Chem., 155, 148–157,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2013.06.008, 2013.
Opsahl, S., Benner, R., and Amon, R. M. W.: Major flux of terrigenous
dissolved organic matter through the Arctic Ocean, Limnol. Oceanogr., 44,
2017–2023, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1999.44.8.2017, 1999.
Osburn, C. L., Retamal, L., and Vincent, W. F.: Photoreactivity of
chromophoric dissolved organic matter transported by the Mackenzie River to
the Beaufort Sea, Mar. Chem., 115, 10–20,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2009.05.003, 2009.
Overland, J. E., Wang, M. Y., and Box, J. E.: An integrated index of recent
pan-Arctic climate change, Environ. Res. Lett., 14, 035006,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaf665, 2019.
Pavlov, A. K., Stedmon, C. A., Semushin, A. V., Martma, T., Ivanov, B. V.,
Kowalczuk, P., and Granskog, M. A.: Linkages between the circulation and
distribution of dissolved organic matter in the White Sea, Arctic Ocean,
Cont. Shelf Res., 119, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2016.03.004, 2016.
Pegau, W. S.: Inherent optical properties of the central Arctic surface
waters, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 107, 8035
https://doi.org/10.1029/2000jc000382, 2002.
Petrich, C. and Eicken, H.: Growth, Structure and Properties of Sea Ice,
in: Sea Ice, 2nd Edn., edited by: Thomas, D. N. and Dieckmann, G.
S., Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 23–77, 2010.
Plaza, C., Pegoraro, E., Bracho, R., Celis, G., Crummer, K. G., Hutchings,
J. A., Pries, C. E. H., Mauritz, M., Natali, S. M., Salmon, V. G., Schadel,
C., Webb, E. E., and Schuur, E. A. G.: Direct observation of permafrost
degradation and rapid soil carbon loss in tundra, Nat. Geosci., 12, 627–631,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0387-6, 2019.
Prokushkin, A. S., Pokrovsky, O. S., Shirokova, L. S., Korets, M. A., Viers,
J., Prokushkin, S. G., Amon, R. M. W., Guggenberger, G., and McDowell, W.
H.: Sources and the flux pattern of dissolved carbon in rivers of the
Yenisey basin draining the Central Siberian Plateau, Environ. Res. Lett., 6,
045212, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/045212, 2011.
Pugach, S. P. and Pipko, I. I.: Dynamics of colored dissolved matter on the
East Siberian sea shelf, Dokl. Earth Sci., 448, 153–156,
https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334x12120173, 2013.
Pugach, S. P., Pipko, I. I., Shakhova, N. E., Shirshin, E. A., Perminova, I.
V., Gustafsson, O., Bondur, V. G., Ruban, A. S., and Semiletov, I. P.:
Dissolved organic matter and its optical characteristics in the Laptev and
East Siberian seas: spatial distribution and interannual variability
(2003–2011), Ocean Sci., 14, 87–103, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-14-87-2018,
2018.
Retelletti-Brogi, S., Ha, S.-Y., Kim, K., Derrien, M., Lee, Y. K., and Hur,
J.: Optical and molecular characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM)
in the Arctic ice core and the underlying seawater (Cambridge Bay, Canada):
Implication for increased autochthonous DOM during ice melting, Sci. Total
Environ., 627, 802–811, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.251,
2018.
Rawlins, M. A., Steele, M., Holland, M. M., Adam, J. C., Cherry, J. E.,
Francis, J. A., Groisman, P. Y., Hinzman, L. D., Huntington, T. G., Kane, D.
L., Kimball, J. S., Kwok, R., Lammers, R. B., Lee, C. M., Lettenmaier, D.
P., McDonald, K. C., Podest, E., Pundsack, J. W., Rudels, B., Serreze, M.
C., Shiklomanov, A., Skagseth, O., Troy, T. J., Vorosmarty, C. J.,
Wensnahan, M., Wood, E. F., Woodgate, R., Yang, D. Q., Zhang, K., and Zhang,
T. J.: Analysis of the Arctic System for Freshwater Cycle Intensification:
Observations and Expectations, J. Clim., 23, 5715–5737,
https://doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3421.1, 2010.
Raymond, P. A., McClelland, J. W., Holmes, R. M., Zhulidov, A. V., Mull, K.,
Peterson, B. J., Striegl, R. G., Aiken, G. R., and Gurtovaya, T. Y.: Flux
and age of dissolved organic carbon exported to the Arctic Ocean: A carbon
isotopic study of the five largest arctic rivers, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 21,
Gb4011, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007gb002934, 2007.
Schlitzer, R.: Interactive analysis and visualization of geoscience data
with Ocean Data View, Comput. Geosci.-UK, 28, 1211–1218, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(02)00040-7, 2002.
Selyuzhenok, V., Krumpen, T., Mahoney, A., Janout, M., and Gerdes, R.:
Seasonal and interannual variability of fast ice extent in the southeastern
Laptev Sea between 1999 and 2013, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 120, 7791–7806,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jc011135, 2015.
Semiletov, I., Pipko, I., Gustafsson, O., Anderson, L. G., Sergienko, V.,
Pugach, S., Dudarev, O., Charkin, A., Gukov, A., Broder, L., Andersson, A.,
Spivak, E., and Shakhova, N.: Acidification of East Siberian Arctic Shelf
waters through addition of freshwater and terrestrial carbon, Nat. Geosci., 9,
361–365, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2695, 2016.
Shin, K. H. and Tanaka, N.: Distribution of dissolved organic matter in the
eastern Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea (Barrow Canyon) and Beaufort Sea, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 31, L24304, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004gl021039, 2004.
Shiklomanov, A. I., Holmes, R. M., McClelland, J. W., Tank, S. E., and
Spencer, R. G. M.: ArcticGRO Discharge Dataset, Version 2020-01-23,
available at: https://www.arcticgreatrivers.org/data (last access: 25 February 2020), 2020.
Soppa, M. A., Pefanis, V., Hellmann, S., Losa, S. N., Hölemann, J.,
Martynov, F., Heim, B., Janout, M. A., Dinter, T., Rozanov, V., and Bracher,
A.: Assessing the Influence of Water Constituents on the Radiative Heating
of Laptev Sea Shelf Waters, Front Mar. Sci., 6, 221,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00221, 2019.
Spreen, G., Kaleschke, L., and Heygster, G.: Sea ice remote sensing using
AMSR-E 89-GHz channels, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 113, C02s03,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005jc003384, 2008.
Stedmon, C. A. and Markager, S.: The optics of chromophoric dissolved
organic matter (CDOM) in the Greenland Sea: An algorithm for differentiation
between marine and terrestrially derived organic matter, Limnol. Oceanogr.,
46, 2087–2093, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2001.46.8.2087, 2001.
Stedmon, C. A., Amon, R. M. W., Rinehart, A. J., and Walker, S. A.: The
supply and characteristics of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the
Arctic Ocean: Pan Arctic trends and differences, Mar. Chem., 124, 108–118,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2010.12.007, 2011.
Stroeve, J. and Notz, D.: Changing state of Arctic sea ice across all
seasons, Environ. Res. Lett., 13, 103001,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aade56, 2018.
Tanaka, K., Takesue, N., Nishioka, J., Kondo, Y., Ooki, A., Kuma, K.,
Hirawake, T., and Yamashita, Y.: The conservative behavior of dissolved
organic carbon in surface waters of the southern Chukchi Sea, Arctic Ocean,
during early summer, Sci. Rep.-UK, 6, 34123,
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep34123, 2016.
Tank, S. E., Striegl, R. G., McClelland, J. W., and Kokelj, S. V.:
Multi-decadal increases in dissolved organic carbon and alkalinity flux from
the Mackenzie drainage basin to the Arctic Ocean, Environ. Res. Lett., 11,
054015, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/5/054015, 2016.
Terhaar, J., Lauerwald, R., Regnier, P., Gruber, N., and Bopp, L.: Around
one third of current Arctic Ocean primary production sustained by rivers and
coastal erosion, Nat. Commun., 12, 169,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20470-z, 2021.
Timmermans, M.-L. and Marshall, J.: Understanding Arctic Ocean Circulation:
A Review of Ocean Dynamics in a Changing Climate, J. Geophys.
Res.-Ocean., 125, 1–35, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jc014378, 2020.
Wegner, C., Wittbrodt, K., Hölemann, J. A., Janout, M. A., Krumpen, T.,
Selyuzhenok, V., Novikhin, A., Polyakova, Y., Krykova, I., Kassens, H., and
Timokhov, L.: Sediment entrainment into sea ice and transport in the
Transpolar Drift: A case study from the Laptev Sea in winter 2011/2012, Cont.
Shelf Res., 141, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2017.04.010, 2017.
Xie, H., Aubry, C., Zhang, Y., and Song, G.: Chromophoric dissolved organic
matter (CDOM) in first-year sea ice in the western Canadian Arctic, Mar.
Chem., 165, 25–35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2014.07.007, 2014.
Zabłocka, M., Kowalczuk, P., Meler, J., Peeken, I., Dragańska-Deja,
K., and Winogradow, A.: Compositional differences of fluorescent dissolved
organic matter in Arctic Ocean spring sea ice and surface waters north of
Svalbard, Mar. Chem., 227, 103893,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103893, 2020.
Short summary
The Arctic Ocean receives large amounts of river water rich in terrestrial dissolved organic matter (tDOM), which is an important component of the Arctic carbon cycle. Our analysis shows that mixing of three major freshwater sources is the main factor that regulates the distribution of tDOM concentrations in the Siberian shelf seas. In this context, the formation and melting of the land-fast ice in the Laptev Sea and the peak spring discharge of the Lena River are of particular importance.
The Arctic Ocean receives large amounts of river water rich in terrestrial dissolved organic...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint