Articles | Volume 22, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-6695-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-6695-2025
Reviews and syntheses
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12 Nov 2025
Reviews and syntheses | Highlight paper |  | 12 Nov 2025

Reviews and syntheses: Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM)-derived mercury contamination in agricultural systems: what we know and need to know

David S. McLagan, Excellent O. Eboigbe, and Rachel J. Strickman

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Mercury emissions from artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) are one of the main sources of mercury (Hg) release into the environment, yet they are by far the least understood. This, together with the fact that ASGM emissions (besides their global implications) also directly/locally affect the poorest communities makes this a critical research topic. The authors demonstrate that bioaccumulation pathways in globally important crops are often overlooked, with implications for interventions, international collaborations, and emerging technologies.
Short summary
Artisanal & Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM) is rapidly expanding and mercury-use in the sector impacts agricultural systems near these spatially distributed activities. Mercury from ASGM is taken up by crops from both (1) air and (2) soil/water. Mercury in crops can also be passed to humans directly (eating crops) or via livestock/poultry after eating crops. Research in this area requires interdisciplinary, collaborative, and adaptable approaches to improve our comprehension of these impacts.
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