Articles | Volume 17, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1745-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1745-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
03 Apr 2020
Research article |
| 03 Apr 2020
| 03 Apr 2020
Impact of ambient conditions on the Si isotope fractionation in marine pore fluids during early diagenesis
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1–3,
24148 Kiel, Germany
Patricia Grasse
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1–3,
24148 Kiel, Germany
Kristin Doering
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1–3,
24148 Kiel, Germany
Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
Klaus Wallmann
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1–3,
24148 Kiel, Germany
Claudia Ehlert
Marine Isotope Geochemistry, ICBM, University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
Florian Scholz
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1–3,
24148 Kiel, Germany
Martin Frank
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1–3,
24148 Kiel, Germany
Mark Schmidt
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1–3,
24148 Kiel, Germany
Christian Hensen
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1–3,
24148 Kiel, Germany
Related authors
Matthew D. Eisaman, Sonja Geilert, Phil Renforth, Laura Bastianini, James Campbell, Andrew W. Dale, Spyros Foteinis, Patricia Grasse, Olivia Hawrot, Carolin R. Löscher, Greg H. Rau, and Jakob Rønning
State Planet, 2-oae2023, 3, https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-2-oae2023-3-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-2-oae2023-3-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean-alkalinity-enhancement technologies refer to various methods and approaches aimed at increasing the alkalinity of seawater. This chapter explores technologies for increasing ocean alkalinity, including electrochemical-based approaches, ocean liming, accelerated weathering of limestone, hydrated carbonate addition, and coastal enhanced weathering, and suggests best practices in research and development.
Ulf Riebesell, Daniela Basso, Sonja Geilert, Andrew W. Dale, and Matthias Kreuzburg
State Planet, 2-oae2023, 6, https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-2-oae2023-6-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-2-oae2023-6-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Mesocosm experiments represent a highly valuable tool in determining the safe operating space of ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) applications. By combining realism and biological complexity with controllability and replication, they provide an ideal OAE test bed and a critical stepping stone towards field applications. Mesocosm approaches can also be helpful in testing the efficacy, efficiency and permanence of OAE applications.
Sonja Geilert, Christian Hensen, Mark Schmidt, Volker Liebetrau, Florian Scholz, Mechthild Doll, Longhui Deng, Annika Fiskal, Mark A. Lever, Chih-Chieh Su, Stefan Schloemer, Sudipta Sarkar, Volker Thiel, and Christian Berndt
Biogeosciences, 15, 5715–5731, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5715-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5715-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Abrupt climate changes in Earth’s history might have been triggered by magmatic intrusions into organic-rich sediments, which can potentially release large amounts of greenhouse gases. In the Guaymas Basin, vigorous hydrothermal venting at the ridge axis and off-axis inactive vents show that magmatic intrusions are an effective way to release carbon but must be considered as very short-lived processes in a geological sense. These results need to be taken into account in future climate models.
Sebastian Steinig, Wolf Dummann, Peter Hofmann, Martin Frank, Wonsun Park, Thomas Wagner, and Sascha Flögel
Clim. Past, 20, 1537–1558, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1537-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1537-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The opening of the South Atlantic Ocean, starting ~ 140 million years ago, had the potential to influence the global carbon cycle and climate trends. We use 36 climate model experiments to simulate the evolution of ocean circulation in this narrow basin. We test different combinations of palaeogeographic and atmospheric CO2 reconstructions with geochemical data to not only quantify the influence of individual processes on ocean circulation but also to find nonlinear interactions between them.
Naveenkumar Parameswaran, Everardo González, Ewa Burwicz-Galerne, Malte Braack, and Klaus Wallmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1360, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1360, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our research uses deep learning to predict organic carbon stocks in ocean sediments, crucial for understanding their role in the global carbon cycle. By analyzing over 22,000 samples and various seafloor characteristics, our model gives more accurate results than traditional methods. We estimate the top 10 cm of ocean sediments hold about 171 petagrams of carbon. This work enhances carbon stock estimates and helps plan future sampling strategies to better understand oceanic carbon burial.
Matthew D. Eisaman, Sonja Geilert, Phil Renforth, Laura Bastianini, James Campbell, Andrew W. Dale, Spyros Foteinis, Patricia Grasse, Olivia Hawrot, Carolin R. Löscher, Greg H. Rau, and Jakob Rønning
State Planet, 2-oae2023, 3, https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-2-oae2023-3-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-2-oae2023-3-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean-alkalinity-enhancement technologies refer to various methods and approaches aimed at increasing the alkalinity of seawater. This chapter explores technologies for increasing ocean alkalinity, including electrochemical-based approaches, ocean liming, accelerated weathering of limestone, hydrated carbonate addition, and coastal enhanced weathering, and suggests best practices in research and development.
Ulf Riebesell, Daniela Basso, Sonja Geilert, Andrew W. Dale, and Matthias Kreuzburg
State Planet, 2-oae2023, 6, https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-2-oae2023-6-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-2-oae2023-6-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Mesocosm experiments represent a highly valuable tool in determining the safe operating space of ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) applications. By combining realism and biological complexity with controllability and replication, they provide an ideal OAE test bed and a critical stepping stone towards field applications. Mesocosm approaches can also be helpful in testing the efficacy, efficiency and permanence of OAE applications.
Cécile L. Blanchet, Rik Tjallingii, Anja M. Schleicher, Stefan Schouten, Martin Frank, and Achim Brauer
Clim. Past, 17, 1025–1050, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1025-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1025-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The Mediterranean Sea turned repeatedly into an oxygen-deprived basin during the geological past, as evidenced by distinct sediment layers called sapropels. We use here records of the last sapropel S1 retrieved in front of the Nile River to explore the relationships between riverine input and seawater oxygenation. We decipher the seasonal cycle of fluvial input and seawater chemistry as well as the decisive influence of primary productivity on deoxygenation at millennial timescales.
Gerd Krahmann, Damian L. Arévalo-Martínez, Andrew W. Dale, Marcus Dengler, Anja Engel, Nicolaas Glock, Patricia Grasse, Johannes Hahn, Helena Hauss, Mark Hopwood, Rainer Kiko, Alexandra Loginova, Carolin R. Löscher, Marie Maßmig, Alexandra-Sophie Roy, Renato Salvatteci, Stefan Sommer, Toste Tanhua, and Hela Mehrtens
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-308, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-308, 2021
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
The project "Climate-Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean" (SFB 754) was a multidisciplinary research project active from 2008 to 2019 aimed at a better understanding of the coupling between the tropical climate and ocean circulation and the ocean's oxygen and nutrient balance. On 34 research cruises, mainly in the Southeast Tropical Pacific and the Northeast Tropical Atlantic, 1071 physical, chemical and biological data sets were collected.
Paul J. Tréguer, Jill N. Sutton, Mark Brzezinski, Matthew A. Charette, Timothy Devries, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Claudia Ehlert, Jon Hawkings, Aude Leynaert, Su Mei Liu, Natalia Llopis Monferrer, María López-Acosta, Manuel Maldonado, Shaily Rahman, Lihua Ran, and Olivier Rouxel
Biogeosciences, 18, 1269–1289, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1269-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1269-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Silicon is the second most abundant element of the Earth's crust. In this review, we show that silicon inputs and outputs, to and from the world ocean, are 57 % and 37 % higher, respectively, than previous estimates. These changes are significant, modifying factors such as the geochemical residence time of silicon, which is now about 8000 years and 2 times faster than previously assumed. We also update the total biogenic silica pelagic production and provide an estimate for sponge production.
Lennart Thomas Bach, Allanah Joy Paul, Tim Boxhammer, Elisabeth von der Esch, Michelle Graco, Kai Georg Schulz, Eric Achterberg, Paulina Aguayo, Javier Arístegui, Patrizia Ayón, Isabel Baños, Avy Bernales, Anne Sophie Boegeholz, Francisco Chavez, Gabriela Chavez, Shao-Min Chen, Kristin Doering, Alba Filella, Martin Fischer, Patricia Grasse, Mathias Haunost, Jan Hennke, Nauzet Hernández-Hernández, Mark Hopwood, Maricarmen Igarza, Verena Kalter, Leila Kittu, Peter Kohnert, Jesus Ledesma, Christian Lieberum, Silke Lischka, Carolin Löscher, Andrea Ludwig, Ursula Mendoza, Jana Meyer, Judith Meyer, Fabrizio Minutolo, Joaquin Ortiz Cortes, Jonna Piiparinen, Claudia Sforna, Kristian Spilling, Sonia Sanchez, Carsten Spisla, Michael Sswat, Mabel Zavala Moreira, and Ulf Riebesell
Biogeosciences, 17, 4831–4852, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4831-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4831-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The eastern boundary upwelling system off Peru is among Earth's most productive ocean ecosystems, but the factors that control its functioning are poorly constrained. Here we used mesocosms, moored ~ 6 km offshore Peru, to investigate how processes in plankton communities drive key biogeochemical processes. We show that nutrient and light co-limitation keep productivity and export at a remarkably constant level while stoichiometry changes strongly with shifts in plankton community structure.
Alexandra N. Loginova, Andrew W. Dale, Frédéric A. C. Le Moigne, Sören Thomsen, Stefan Sommer, David Clemens, Klaus Wallmann, and Anja Engel
Biogeosciences, 17, 4663–4679, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4663-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4663-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We measured dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (DON) and matter (DOM) optical properties in pore waters and near-bottom waters of the eastern tropical South Pacific off Peru. The difference between diffusion-driven and net fluxes of DOC and DON and qualitative changes in DOM optical properties suggested active microbial utilisation of the released DOM at the sediment–water interface. Our results suggest that the sediment release of DOM contributes to microbial processes in the area.
Anna Plass, Christian Schlosser, Stefan Sommer, Andrew W. Dale, Eric P. Achterberg, and Florian Scholz
Biogeosciences, 17, 3685–3704, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3685-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3685-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We compare the cycling of Fe and Cd in sulfidic sediments of the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone. Due to the contrasting solubility of their sulfide minerals, the sedimentary Fe release and Cd burial fluxes covary with spatial and temporal distributions of H2S. Depending on the solubility of their sulfide minerals, sedimentary trace metal fluxes will respond differently to ocean deoxygenation/expansion of H2S concentrations, which may change trace metal stoichiometry of upwelling water masses.
Sebastian Beil, Wolfgang Kuhnt, Ann Holbourn, Florian Scholz, Julian Oxmann, Klaus Wallmann, Janne Lorenzen, Mohamed Aquit, and El Hassane Chellai
Clim. Past, 16, 757–782, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-757-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-757-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Comparison of Cretaceous OAE1a and OAE2 in two drill cores with unusually high sedimentation rates shows that long-lasting negative δ13C excursions precede the positive δ13C excursions and that the evolution of the marine δ13C positive excursions is similar during both OAEs, although the durations of individual phases differ substantially. Phosphorus speciation data across OAE2 and the Mid-Cenomanian Event suggest a positive feedback loop, enhancing marine productivity during OAEs.
Tronje P. Kemena, Angela Landolfi, Andreas Oschlies, Klaus Wallmann, and Andrew W. Dale
Earth Syst. Dynam., 10, 539–553, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-539-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-539-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Oceanic deoxygenation is driven by climate change in several areas of the global ocean. Measurements indicate that ocean volumes with very low oxygen levels expand, with consequences for marine organisms and fishery. We found climate-change-driven phosphorus (P) input in the ocean is hereby an important driver for deoxygenation on longer timescales with effects in the next millennia.
Kristin Doering, Claudia Ehlert, Philippe Martinez, Martin Frank, and Ralph Schneider
Biogeosciences, 16, 2163–2180, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2163-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2163-2019, 2019
Sonja Geilert, Christian Hensen, Mark Schmidt, Volker Liebetrau, Florian Scholz, Mechthild Doll, Longhui Deng, Annika Fiskal, Mark A. Lever, Chih-Chieh Su, Stefan Schloemer, Sudipta Sarkar, Volker Thiel, and Christian Berndt
Biogeosciences, 15, 5715–5731, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5715-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5715-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Abrupt climate changes in Earth’s history might have been triggered by magmatic intrusions into organic-rich sediments, which can potentially release large amounts of greenhouse gases. In the Guaymas Basin, vigorous hydrothermal venting at the ridge axis and off-axis inactive vents show that magmatic intrusions are an effective way to release carbon but must be considered as very short-lived processes in a geological sense. These results need to be taken into account in future climate models.
Konstantin Stolpovsky, Andrew W. Dale, and Klaus Wallmann
Biogeosciences, 15, 3391–3407, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3391-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3391-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The paper describes a new way to parameterize G-type models in marine sediments using data about reactivity of organic carbon sinking to the seafloor.
Johanna Maltby, Lea Steinle, Carolin R. Löscher, Hermann W. Bange, Martin A. Fischer, Mark Schmidt, and Tina Treude
Biogeosciences, 15, 137–157, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-137-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-137-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The activity and environmental controls of methanogenesis (MG) within the sulfate-reducing zone (0–30 cm below the seafloor) were investigated in organic-rich sediments of the seasonally hypoxic Eckernförde Bay, SW Baltic Sea. MG activity was mostly linked to non-competitive substrates. The major controls identified were organic matter availability, C / N, temperature, and O2 in the water column, revealing higher rates in warm, stratified, hypoxic seasons compared to colder, oxygenated seasons.
Lorenzo Rovelli, Marcus Dengler, Mark Schmidt, Stefan Sommer, Peter Linke, and Daniel F. McGinnis
Biogeosciences, 13, 1609–1620, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1609-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1609-2016, 2016
Ulrike Lomnitz, Stefan Sommer, Andrew W. Dale, Carolin R. Löscher, Anna Noffke, Klaus Wallmann, and Christian Hensen
Biogeosciences, 13, 1367–1386, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1367-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1367-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The study presents a P budget including the P input from the water column, the P burial in the sediments, as well as the P release from the sediments. We found that the P input could not maintain the P release rates. Consideration of other P sources, e.g., terrigenous P and P released from the dissolution of Fe oxyhydroxides, showed that none of these can account for the missing P. Thus, it is likely that abundant sulfide-oxidizing bacteria release the missing P during our measurement period.
K. Wallmann, B. Schneider, and M. Sarnthein
Clim. Past, 12, 339–375, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-339-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-339-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
An Earth system model was set up and applied to evaluate the effects of sea-level change, ocean dynamics, and nutrient utilization on seawater composition and atmospheric pCO2 over the last glacial cycle. The model results strongly suggest that global sea-level change contributed significantly to the slow glacial decline in atmospheric pCO2 and the gradual pCO2 increase over the Holocene whereas the rapid deglacial pCO2 rise was induced by fast changes in ocean dynamics and nutrient utilization.
P. Steeb, S. Krause, P. Linke, C. Hensen, A. W. Dale, M. Nuzzo, and T. Treude
Biogeosciences, 12, 6687–6706, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6687-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6687-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We combined field, laboratory (sediment-flow-through system) and numerical modeling work to investigate cold seep sediments at Quespos Slide, offshore of Costa Rica. The results demonstrated the efficiency of the benthic methane filter and provided an estimate for its response time (ca. 170 days) to changes in fluid fluxes.
A. W. Dale, S. Sommer, U. Lomnitz, I. Montes, T. Treude, V. Liebetrau, J. Gier, C. Hensen, M. Dengler, K. Stolpovsky, L. D. Bryant, and K. Wallmann
Biogeosciences, 12, 1537–1559, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1537-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1537-2015, 2015
C. Ehlert, P. Grasse, D. Gutiérrez, R. Salvatteci, and M. Frank
Clim. Past, 11, 187–202, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-187-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-187-2015, 2015
S. Krause, P. Steeb, C. Hensen, V. Liebetrau, A. W. Dale, M. Nuzzo, and T. Treude
Biogeosciences, 11, 507–523, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-507-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-507-2014, 2014
N. Glock, J. Schönfeld, A. Eisenhauer, C. Hensen, J. Mallon, and S. Sommer
Biogeosciences, 10, 4767–4783, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4767-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4767-2013, 2013
A. W. Dale, V. J. Bertics, T. Treude, S. Sommer, and K. Wallmann
Biogeosciences, 10, 629–651, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-629-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-629-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Sediment
Influence of minor hydrocarbon seepage on sulfur cycling in marine subsurface sediments
Dissolved Mn(III) is a key redox intermediate in sediments of a seasonally euxinic coastal basin
Unexpected scarcity of ANME archaea in hydrocarbon seeps within Monterey Bay
Reviews and syntheses: Tufa microbialites on rocky coasts – towards an integrated terminology
Seafloor sediment characterization improves estimates of organic carbon standing stocks: an example from the Eastern Shore Islands, Nova Scotia, Canada
How is particulate organic carbon transported through the river-fed submarine Congo Canyon to the deep sea?
The fate of fixed nitrogen in Santa Barbara Basin sediments during seasonal anoxia
Distinct oxygenation modes of the Gulf of Oman over the past 43 000 years – a multi-proxy approach
Potential impacts of cable bacteria activity on hard-shelled benthic foraminifera: implications for their interpretation as bioindicators or paleoproxies
Evidence of cryptic methane cycling and non-methanogenic methylamine consumption in the sulfate-reducing zone of sediment in the Santa Barbara Basin, California
Assessing global-scale organic matter reactivity patterns in marine sediments using a lognormal reactive continuum model
Deposit-feeding of Nonionellina labradorica (foraminifera) from an Arctic methane seep site and possible association with a methanotroph
Benthic silicon cycling in the Arctic Barents Sea: a reaction–transport model study
Long-term incubations provide insight into the mechanisms of anaerobic oxidation of methane in methanogenic lake sediments
Ideas and perspectives: Sea-level change, anaerobic methane oxidation, and the glacial–interglacial phosphorus cycle
Estimation of the natural background of phosphate in a lowland river using tidal marsh sediment cores
Geochemical consequences of oxygen diffusion from the oceanic crust into overlying sediments and its significance for biogeochemical cycles based on sediments of the northeast Pacific
Carbon sources of benthic fauna in temperate lakes across multiple trophic states
Deep-water inflow event increases sedimentary phosphorus release on a multi-year scale
Bioturbation has a limited effect on phosphorus burial in salt marsh sediments
Biogeochemical impact of cable bacteria on coastal Black Sea sediment
Organic carbon characteristics in ice-rich permafrost in alas and Yedoma deposits, central Yakutia, Siberia
The control of hydrogen sulfide on benthic iron and cadmium fluxes in the oxygen minimum zone off Peru
Quantity and distribution of methane entrapped in sediments of calcareous, Alpine glacier forefields
Assessing the potential for non-turbulent methane escape from the East Siberian Arctic Shelf
Vertical transport of sediment-associated metals and cyanobacteria by ebullition in a stratified lake
Evidence of changes in sedimentation rate and sediment fabric in a low-oxygen setting: Santa Monica Basin, CA
Authigenic formation of Ca–Mg carbonates in the shallow alkaline Lake Neusiedl, Austria
Vivianite formation in ferruginous sediments from Lake Towuti, Indonesia
Impact of small-scale disturbances on geochemical conditions, biogeochemical processes and element fluxes in surface sediments of the eastern Clarion–Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean
Acetate turnover and methanogenic pathways in Amazonian lake sediments
Benthic alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon fluxes in the Rhône River prodelta generated by decoupled aerobic and anaerobic processes
Small-scale heterogeneity of trace metals including rare earth elements and yttrium in deep-sea sediments and porewaters of the Peru Basin, southeastern equatorial Pacific
Organic matter contents and degradation in a highly trawled area during fresh particle inputs (Gulf of Castellammare, southwestern Mediterranean)
Identifying the core bacterial microbiome of hydrocarbon degradation and a shift of dominant methanogenesis pathways in the oil and aqueous phases of petroleum reservoirs of different temperatures from China
Effects of eutrophication on sedimentary organic carbon cycling in five temperate lakes
Evidence for microbial iron reduction in the methanic sediments of the oligotrophic southeastern Mediterranean continental shelf
Fracture-controlled fluid transport supports microbial methane-oxidizing communities at Vestnesa Ridge
Hydrothermal alteration of aragonitic biocarbonates: assessment of micro- and nanostructural dissolution–reprecipitation and constraints of diagenetic overprint from quantitative statistical grain-area analysis
Large variations in iron input to an oligotrophic Baltic Sea estuary: impact on sedimentary phosphorus burial
Vivianite formation in methane-rich deep-sea sediments from the South China Sea
Benthic archaea as potential sources of tetraether membrane lipids in sediments across an oxygen minimum zone
Carbon amendment stimulates benthic nitrogen cycling during the bioremediation of particulate aquaculture waste
Modelling biogeochemical processes in sediments from the north-western Adriatic Sea: response to enhanced particulate organic carbon fluxes
Carbon mineralization in Laptev and East Siberian sea shelf and slope sediment
Reviews and syntheses: to the bottom of carbon processing at the seafloor
Scotland's forgotten carbon: a national assessment of mid-latitude fjord sedimentary carbon stocks
Does denitrification occur within porous carbonate sand grains?
Sediment phosphorus speciation and mobility under dynamic redox conditions
Pore water geochemistry along continental slopes north of the East Siberian Sea: inference of low methane concentrations
Ellen Schnabel, Aurèle Vuillemin, Cédric C. Laczny, Benoit J. Kunath, André R. Soares, Alexander J. Probst, Rolando Di Primio, Jens Kallmeyer, and the PROSPECTOMICS Consortium
Biogeosciences, 22, 767–784, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-767-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-767-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study analysed marine sediment samples from areas with and without minimal hydrocarbon seepage from reservoirs underneath. Depth profiles of dissolved chemical components in the pore water and molecular biological data revealed differences in microbial community composition and activity. These results indicate that even minor hydrocarbon seepage affects sedimentary biogeochemical cycling in marine sediments, potentially providing a new tool for the detection of hydrocarbon reservoirs.
Robin Klomp, Olga M. Żygadłowska, Mike S. M. Jetten, Véronique E. Oldham, Niels A. G. M. van Helmond, Caroline P. Slomp, and Wytze K. Lenstra
Biogeosciences, 22, 751–765, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-751-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-751-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In marine sediments, dissolved Mn is present as either Mn(III) or Mn(II). We apply a reactive transport model to geochemical data for a seasonally anoxic and sulfidic coastal basin to determine the pathways of formation and removal of dissolved Mn(III) in the sediment. We demonstrate a critical role for reactions with Fe(II) and show evidence for substantial benthic release of dissolved Mn(III). Given the mobility of Mn(III), these findings have important implications for marine Mn cycling.
Amanda C. Semler and Anne E. Dekas
Biogeosciences, 22, 385–403, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-385-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-385-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Marine hydrocarbon seeps typically host subsurface microorganisms capable of degrading methane before it is emitted to the water column. Here we describe a seep in Monterey Bay which virtually lacks known methanotrophs and where biological consumption of methane at depth is undetected. Our findings suggest that some seeps are missing this critical biofilter and that seeps may be a more significant source of methane to the water column than previously realized.
Thomas W. Garner, J. Andrew G. Cooper, Alan M. Smith, Gavin M. Rishworth, and Matt Forbes
Biogeosciences, 21, 4785–4807, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4785-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4785-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
There is a diverse and often conflicting suite of terminologies, classifications, and nomenclature applicable to the study of terrestrial carbonate deposits and microbialites (deposits that wholly or primarily accrete as a result of microbial activity). We review existing schemes, identify duplication and redundancy, and present a new integrated approach applicable to tufa microbialites on rock coasts.
Catherine Brenan, Markus Kienast, Vittorio Maselli, Christopher K. Algar, Benjamin Misiuk, and Craig J. Brown
Biogeosciences, 21, 4569–4586, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4569-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4569-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Quantifying how much organic carbon is stored in seafloor sediments is key to assessing how human activities can accelerate the process of carbon storage at the seabed, an important consideration for climate change. This study uses seafloor sediment maps to model organic carbon content. Carbon estimates were 12 times higher when assuming the absence of detailed sediment maps, demonstrating that high-resolution seafloor mapping is critically important for improved estimates of organic carbon.
Sophie Hage, Megan L. Baker, Nathalie Babonneau, Guillaume Soulet, Bernard Dennielou, Ricardo Silva Jacinto, Robert G. Hilton, Valier Galy, François Baudin, Christophe Rabouille, Clément Vic, Sefa Sahin, Sanem Açikalin, and Peter J. Talling
Biogeosciences, 21, 4251–4272, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4251-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4251-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The land-to-ocean flux of particulate organic carbon (POC) is difficult to measure, inhibiting accurate modeling of the global carbon cycle. Here, we quantify the POC flux between one of the largest rivers on Earth (Congo) and the ocean. POC in the form of vegetation and soil is transported by episodic submarine avalanches in a 1000 km long canyon at up to 5 km water depth. The POC flux induced by avalanches is at least 3 times greater than that induced by the background flow related to tides.
Xuefeng Peng, David J. Yousavich, Annie Bourbonnais, Frank Wenzhöfer, Felix Janssen, Tina Treude, and David L. Valentine
Biogeosciences, 21, 3041–3052, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3041-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3041-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Biologically available (fixed) nitrogen (N) is a limiting nutrient for life in the ocean. Under low-oxygen conditions, fixed N is either removed via denitrification or retained via dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia (DNRA). Using in situ incubations in the Santa Barbara Basin, which undergoes seasonal anoxia, we found that benthic denitrification was the dominant nitrate reduction process, while nitrate availability and organic carbon content control the relative importance of DNRA.
Nicole Burdanowitz, Gerhard Schmiedl, Birgit Gaye, Philipp M. Munz, and Hartmut Schulz
Biogeosciences, 21, 1477–1499, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1477-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1477-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We analyse benthic foraminifera, nitrogen isotopes and lipids in a sediment core from the Gulf of Oman to investigate how the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) and bottom water (BW) oxygenation have reacted to climatic changes since 43 ka. The OMZ and BW deoxygenation was strong during the Holocene, but the OMZ was well ventilated during the LGM period. We found an unstable mode of oscillating oxygenation states, from moderately oxygenated in cold stadials to deoxygenated in warm interstadials in MIS 3.
Maxime Daviray, Emmanuelle Geslin, Nils Risgaard-Petersen, Vincent V. Scholz, Marie Fouet, and Edouard Metzger
Biogeosciences, 21, 911–928, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-911-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-911-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Coastal marine sediments are subject to major acidification processes because of climate change and human activities, but these processes can also result from biotic activity. We studied the sediment acidifcation effect on benthic calcareous foraminifera in intertidal mudflats. The strong pH decrease in sediments probably caused by cable bacteria led to calcareous test dissolution of living and dead foraminifera, threatening the test preservation and their robustness as environmental proxies.
Sebastian J. E. Krause, Jiarui Liu, David J. Yousavich, DeMarcus Robinson, David W. Hoyt, Qianhui Qin, Frank Wenzhöfer, Felix Janssen, David L. Valentine, and Tina Treude
Biogeosciences, 20, 4377–4390, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4377-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4377-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, and hence it is important to understand its sources and sinks in the environment. Here we present new data from organic-rich surface sediments below an oxygen minimum zone off the coast of California (Santa Barbara Basin) demonstrating the simultaneous microbial production and consumption of methane, which appears to be an important process preventing the build-up of methane in these sediments and the emission into the water column and atmosphere.
Sinan Xu, Bo Liu, Sandra Arndt, Sabine Kasten, and Zijun Wu
Biogeosciences, 20, 2251–2263, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2251-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2251-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We use a reactive continuum model based on a lognormal distribution (l-RCM) to inversely determine model parameters μ and σ at 123 sites across the global ocean. Our results show organic matter (OM) reactivity is more than 3 orders of magnitude higher in shelf than in abyssal regions. In addition, OM reactivity is higher than predicted in some specific regions, yet the l-RCM can still capture OM reactivity features in these regions.
Christiane Schmidt, Emmanuelle Geslin, Joan M. Bernhard, Charlotte LeKieffre, Mette Marianne Svenning, Helene Roberge, Magali Schweizer, and Giuliana Panieri
Biogeosciences, 19, 3897–3909, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3897-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3897-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study is the first to show non-selective deposit feeding in the foraminifera Nonionella labradorica and the possible uptake of methanotrophic bacteria. We carried out a feeding experiment with a marine methanotroph to examine the ultrastructure of the cell and degradation vacuoles using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results revealed three putative methanotrophs at the outside of the cell/test, which could be taken up via non-targeted grazing in seeps or our experiment.
James P. J. Ward, Katharine R. Hendry, Sandra Arndt, Johan C. Faust, Felipe S. Freitas, Sian F. Henley, Jeffrey W. Krause, Christian März, Allyson C. Tessin, and Ruth L. Airs
Biogeosciences, 19, 3445–3467, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3445-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3445-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The seafloor plays an important role in the cycling of silicon (Si), a key nutrient that promotes marine primary productivity. In our model study, we disentangle major controls on the seafloor Si cycle to better anticipate the impacts of continued warming and sea ice melt in the Barents Sea. We uncover a coupling of the iron redox and Si cycles, dissolution of lithogenic silicates, and authigenic clay formation, comprising a Si sink that could have implications for the Arctic Ocean Si budget.
Hanni Vigderovich, Werner Eckert, Michal Elul, Maxim Rubin-Blum, Marcus Elvert, and Orit Sivan
Biogeosciences, 19, 2313–2331, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2313-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2313-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is one of the major processes limiting the release of the greenhouse gas methane from natural environments. Here we show that significant AOM exists in the methane zone of lake sediments in natural conditions and even after long-term (ca. 18 months) anaerobic slurry incubations with two stages. Methanogens were most likely responsible for oxidizing the methane, and humic substances and iron oxides are likely electron acceptors to support this oxidation.
Bjorn Sundby, Pierre Anschutz, Pascal Lecroart, and Alfonso Mucci
Biogeosciences, 19, 1421–1434, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1421-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1421-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A glacial–interglacial methane-fuelled redistribution of reactive phosphorus between the oceanic and sedimentary phosphorus reservoirs can occur in the ocean when falling sea level lowers the pressure on the seafloor, destabilizes methane hydrates, and triggers the dissolution of P-bearing iron oxides. The mass of phosphate potentially mobilizable from the sediment is similar to the size of the current oceanic reservoir. Hence, this process may play a major role in the marine phosphorus cycle.
Florian Lauryssen, Philippe Crombé, Tom Maris, Elliot Van Maldegem, Marijn Van de Broek, Stijn Temmerman, and Erik Smolders
Biogeosciences, 19, 763–776, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-763-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-763-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Surface waters in lowland regions have a poor surface water quality, mainly due to excess nutrients like phosphate. Therefore, we wanted to know the phosphate levels without humans, also called the pre-industrial background. Phosphate binds strongly to sediment particles, suspended in the river water. In this research we used sediments deposited by a river as an archive for surface water phosphate back to 1800 CE. Pre-industrial phosphate levels were estimated at one-third of the modern levels.
Gerard J. M. Versteegh, Andrea Koschinsky, Thomas Kuhn, Inken Preuss, and Sabine Kasten
Biogeosciences, 18, 4965–4984, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4965-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4965-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Oxygen penetrates sediments not only from the ocean bottom waters but also from the basement. The impact of the latter is poorly understood. We show that this basement oxygen has a clear impact on the nitrogen cycle, the redox state, and the distribution of manganese, nickel cobalt and organic matter in the sediments. This is important for (1) global biogeochemical cycles, (2) understanding sedimentary life and (3) the interpretation of the sediment record to reconstruct the past.
Annika Fiskal, Eva Anthamatten, Longhui Deng, Xingguo Han, Lorenzo Lagostina, Anja Michel, Rong Zhu, Nathalie Dubois, Carsten J. Schubert, Stefano M. Bernasconi, and Mark A. Lever
Biogeosciences, 18, 4369–4388, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4369-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4369-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Microbially produced methane can serve as a carbon source for freshwater macrofauna most likely through grazing on methane-oxidizing bacteria. This study investigates the contributions of different carbon sources to macrofaunal biomass. Our data suggest that the average contribution of methane-derived carbon is similar between different fauna but overall remains low. This is further supported by the low abundance of methane-cycling microorganisms.
Astrid Hylén, Sebastiaan J. van de Velde, Mikhail Kononets, Mingyue Luo, Elin Almroth-Rosell, and Per O. J. Hall
Biogeosciences, 18, 2981–3004, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2981-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2981-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Sediments in oxygen-depleted ocean areas release high amounts of phosphorus, feeding algae that consume oxygen upon degradation, leading to further phosphorus release. Oxygenation is thought to trap phosphorus in the sediment and break this feedback. We studied the sediment phosphorus cycle in a previously anoxic area after an inflow of oxic water. Surprisingly, the sediment phosphorus release increased, showing that feedbacks between phosphorus release and oxygen depletion can be hard to break.
Sebastiaan J. van de Velde, Rebecca K. James, Ine Callebaut, Silvia Hidalgo-Martinez, and Filip J. R. Meysman
Biogeosciences, 18, 1451–1461, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1451-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1451-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Some 540 Myr ago, animal life evolved in the ocean. Previous research suggested that when these early animals started inhabiting the seafloor, they retained phosphorus in the seafloor, thereby limiting photosynthesis in the ocean. We studied salt marsh sediments with and without animals and found that their impact on phosphorus retention is limited, which implies that their impact on the global environment might have been less drastic than previously assumed.
Martijn Hermans, Nils Risgaard-Petersen, Filip J. R. Meysman, and Caroline P. Slomp
Biogeosciences, 17, 5919–5938, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5919-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5919-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This paper demonstrates that the recently discovered cable bacteria are capable of using a mineral, known as siderite, as a source for the formation of iron oxides. This work also demonstrates that the activity of cable bacteria can lead to a distinct subsurface layer in the sediment that can be used as a marker for their activity.
Torben Windirsch, Guido Grosse, Mathias Ulrich, Lutz Schirrmeister, Alexander N. Fedorov, Pavel Y. Konstantinov, Matthias Fuchs, Loeka L. Jongejans, Juliane Wolter, Thomas Opel, and Jens Strauss
Biogeosciences, 17, 3797–3814, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3797-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3797-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
To extend the knowledge on circumpolar deep permafrost carbon storage, we examined two deep permafrost deposit types (Yedoma and alas) in central Yakutia. We found little but partially undecomposed organic carbon as a result of largely changing sedimentation processes. The carbon stock of the examined Yedoma deposits is about 50 % lower than the general Yedoma domain mean, implying a very hetererogeneous Yedoma composition, while the alas is approximately 80 % below the thermokarst deposit mean.
Anna Plass, Christian Schlosser, Stefan Sommer, Andrew W. Dale, Eric P. Achterberg, and Florian Scholz
Biogeosciences, 17, 3685–3704, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3685-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3685-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We compare the cycling of Fe and Cd in sulfidic sediments of the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone. Due to the contrasting solubility of their sulfide minerals, the sedimentary Fe release and Cd burial fluxes covary with spatial and temporal distributions of H2S. Depending on the solubility of their sulfide minerals, sedimentary trace metal fluxes will respond differently to ocean deoxygenation/expansion of H2S concentrations, which may change trace metal stoichiometry of upwelling water masses.
Biqing Zhu, Manuel Kübler, Melanie Ridoli, Daniel Breitenstein, and Martin H. Schroth
Biogeosciences, 17, 3613–3630, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3613-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3613-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We provide evidence that the greenhouse gas methane (CH4) is enclosed in calcareous glacier-forefield sediments across Switzerland. Geochemical analyses confirmed that this ancient CH4 has its origin in the calcareous parent bedrock. Our estimate of the total quantity of CH4 enclosed in sediments across Switzerland indicates a large CH4 mass (~105 t CH4). We produced evidence that CH4 is stable in its enclosed state, but additional experiments are needed to elucidate its long-term fate.
Matteo Puglini, Victor Brovkin, Pierre Regnier, and Sandra Arndt
Biogeosciences, 17, 3247–3275, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3247-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3247-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A reaction-transport model to assess the potential non-turbulent methane flux from the East Siberian Arctic sediments to water columns is applied here. We show that anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is an efficient filter except for high values of sedimentation rate and advective flow, which enable considerable non-turbulent steady-state methane fluxes. Significant transient methane fluxes can also occur during the building-up phase of the AOM-performing biomass microbial community.
Kyle Delwiche, Junyao Gu, Harold Hemond, and Sarah P. Preheim
Biogeosciences, 17, 3135–3147, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3135-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3135-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we investigate whether bubbles transport sediments containing arsenic and cyanobacteria from the bottom to the top of a polluted lake. We measured arsenic and cyanobacteria from bubble traps in the lake and from an experimental bubble column in the laboratory. We found that bubble transport was not an important source of arsenic in the surface waters but that bubbles could transport enough cyanobacteria to the surface to exacerbate harmful algal blooms.
Nathaniel Kemnitz, William M. Berelson, Douglas E. Hammond, Laura Morine, Maria Figueroa, Timothy W. Lyons, Simon Scharf, Nick Rollins, Elizabeth Petsios, Sydnie Lemieux, and Tina Treude
Biogeosciences, 17, 2381–2396, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2381-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2381-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Our paper shows how sedimentation in a very low oxygen setting provides a unique record of environmental change. We look at the past 250 years through the filter of sediment accumulation via radioisotope dating and other physical and chemical analyses of these sediments. We conclude, remarkably, that there has been very little change in net sediment mass accumulation through the past 100–150 years, yet just prior to 1900 CE, sediments were accumulating at 50 %–70 % of today's rate.
Dario Fussmann, Avril Jean Elisabeth von Hoyningen-Huene, Andreas Reimer, Dominik Schneider, Hana Babková, Robert Peticzka, Andreas Maier, Gernot Arp, Rolf Daniel, and Patrick Meister
Biogeosciences, 17, 2085–2106, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2085-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2085-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) is supersaturated in many aquatic settings (e.g., seawater) on modern Earth but does not precipitate directly from the fluid, a fact known as the dolomite problem. The widely acknowledged concept of dolomite precipitation involves microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) and anoxic conditions as important drivers. In contrast, results from Lake Neusiedl support an alternative concept of Ca–Mg carbonate precipitation under aerobic and alkaline conditions.
Aurèle Vuillemin, André Friese, Richard Wirth, Jan A. Schuessler, Anja M. Schleicher, Helga Kemnitz, Andreas Lücke, Kohen W. Bauer, Sulung Nomosatryo, Friedhelm von Blanckenburg, Rachel Simister, Luis G. Ordoñez, Daniel Ariztegui, Cynthia Henny, James M. Russell, Satria Bijaksana, Hendrik Vogel, Sean A. Crowe, Jens Kallmeyer, and the Towuti Drilling Project
Science team
Biogeosciences, 17, 1955–1973, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1955-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1955-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Ferruginous lakes experience restricted primary production due to phosphorus trapping by ferric iron oxides under oxic conditions. We report the presence of large crystals of vivianite, a ferrous iron phosphate, in sediments from Lake Towuti, Indonesia. We address processes of P retention linked to diagenesis of iron phases. Vivianite crystals had light Fe2+ isotope signatures and contained mineral inclusions consistent with antecedent processes of microbial sulfate and iron reduction.
Jessica B. Volz, Laura Haffert, Matthias Haeckel, Andrea Koschinsky, and Sabine Kasten
Biogeosciences, 17, 1113–1131, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1113-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1113-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Potential future deep-sea mining of polymetallic nodules at the seafloor is expected to severely harm the marine environment. However, the consequences on deep-sea ecosystems are still poorly understood. This study on surface sediments from man-made disturbance tracks in the Pacific Ocean shows that due to the removal of the uppermost sediment layer and thereby the loss of organic matter, the geochemical system in the sediments is disturbed for millennia before reaching a new equilibrium.
Ralf Conrad, Melanie Klose, and Alex Enrich-Prast
Biogeosciences, 17, 1063–1069, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1063-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1063-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Lake sediments release the greenhouse gas CH4. Acetate is an important precursor. Although Amazonian lake sediments all contained acetate-consuming methanogens, measurement of the turnover of labeled acetate showed that some sediments converted acetate not to CH4 plus CO2, as expected, but only to CO2. Our results indicate the operation of acetate-oxidizing microorganisms couples the oxidation process to syntrophic methanogenic partners and/or to the reduction of organic compounds.
Jens Rassmann, Eryn M. Eitel, Bruno Lansard, Cécile Cathalot, Christophe Brandily, Martial Taillefert, and Christophe Rabouille
Biogeosciences, 17, 13–33, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-13-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-13-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, we use a large set of measurements made using in situ and lab techniques to elucidate the cause of dissolved inorganic carbon fluxes in sediments from the Rhône delta and its companion compound alkalinity, which carries the absorption capacity of coastal waters with respect to atmospheric CO2. We show that sediment processes (sulfate reduction, FeS precipitation and accumulation) are crucial in generating the alkalinity fluxes observed in this study by in situ incubation chambers.
Sophie A. L. Paul, Matthias Haeckel, Michael Bau, Rajina Bajracharya, and Andrea Koschinsky
Biogeosciences, 16, 4829–4849, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4829-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4829-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the upper 10 m of deep-sea sediments, including pore water, in the Peru Basin to understand small-scale variability of trace metals. Our results show high spatial variability related to topographical variations, which in turn impact organic matter contents, degradation processes, and trace metal cycling. Another interesting finding was the influence of dissolving buried nodules on the surrounding sediment and trace metal cycling.
Sarah Paradis, Antonio Pusceddu, Pere Masqué, Pere Puig, Davide Moccia, Tommaso Russo, and Claudio Lo Iacono
Biogeosciences, 16, 4307–4320, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4307-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4307-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Chronic deep bottom trawling in the Gulf of Castellammare (SW Mediterranean) erodes large volumes of sediment, exposing over-century-old sediment depleted in organic matter. Nevertheless, the arrival of fresh and nutritious sediment recovers superficial organic matter in trawling grounds and leads to high turnover rates, partially and temporarily mitigating the impacts of bottom trawling. However, this deposition is ephemeral and it will be swiftly eroded by the passage of the next trawler.
Zhichao Zhou, Bo Liang, Li-Ying Wang, Jin-Feng Liu, Bo-Zhong Mu, Hojae Shim, and Ji-Dong Gu
Biogeosciences, 16, 4229–4241, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4229-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4229-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows a core bacterial microbiome with a small proportion of shared operational taxonomic units of common sequences among all oil reservoirs. Dominant methanogenesis shifts from the hydrogenotrophic pathway in water phase to the acetoclastic pathway in the oil phase at high temperatures, but the opposite is true at low temperatures. There are also major functional metabolism differences between the two phases for amino acids, hydrocarbons, and carbohydrates.
Annika Fiskal, Longhui Deng, Anja Michel, Philip Eickenbusch, Xingguo Han, Lorenzo Lagostina, Rong Zhu, Michael Sander, Martin H. Schroth, Stefano M. Bernasconi, Nathalie Dubois, and Mark A. Lever
Biogeosciences, 16, 3725–3746, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3725-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3725-2019, 2019
Hanni Vigderovich, Lewen Liang, Barak Herut, Fengping Wang, Eyal Wurgaft, Maxim Rubin-Blum, and Orit Sivan
Biogeosciences, 16, 3165–3181, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3165-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3165-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Microbial iron reduction participates in important biogeochemical cycles. In the last decade iron reduction has been observed in many aquatic sediments below its classical zone, in the methane production zone, suggesting a link between the two cycles. Here we present evidence for microbial iron reduction in the methanogenic depth of the oligotrophic SE Mediterranean continental shelf using mainly geochemical and microbial sedimentary profiles and suggest possible mechanisms for this process.
Haoyi Yao, Wei-Li Hong, Giuliana Panieri, Simone Sauer, Marta E. Torres, Moritz F. Lehmann, Friederike Gründger, and Helge Niemann
Biogeosciences, 16, 2221–2232, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2221-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2221-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
How methane is transported in the sediment is important for the microbial community living on methane. Here we report an observation of a mini-fracture that facilitates the advective gas transport of methane in the sediment, compared to the diffusive fluid transport without a fracture. We found contrasting bio-geochemical signals in these different transport modes. This finding can help to fill the gap in the fracture network system in modulating methane dynamics in surface sediments.
Laura A. Casella, Sixin He, Erika Griesshaber, Lourdes Fernández-Díaz, Martina Greiner, Elizabeth M. Harper, Daniel J. Jackson, Andreas Ziegler, Vasileios Mavromatis, Martin Dietzel, Anton Eisenhauer, Sabino Veintemillas-Verdaguer, Uwe Brand, and Wolfgang W. Schmahl
Biogeosciences, 15, 7451–7484, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7451-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7451-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Biogenic carbonates record past environmental conditions. Fossil shell chemistry and microstructure change as metastable biogenic carbonates are replaced by inorganic calcite. Simulated diagenetic alteration at 175 °C of different shell microstructures showed that (nacreous) shell aragonite and calcite were partially replaced by coarse inorganic calcite crystals due to dissolution–reprecipitation reactions. EBSD maps allowed for qualitative assessment of the degree of diagenetic overprint.
Wytze K. Lenstra, Matthias Egger, Niels A. G. M. van Helmond, Emma Kritzberg, Daniel J. Conley, and Caroline P. Slomp
Biogeosciences, 15, 6979–6996, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6979-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6979-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We show that burial rates of phosphorus (P) in an estuary in the northern Baltic Sea are very high. We demonstrate that at high sedimentation rates, P retention in the sediment is related to the formation of vivianite. With a reactive transport model, we assess the sensitivity of sedimentary vivianite formation. We suggest that enrichments of iron and P in the sediment are linked to periods of enhanced riverine input of Fe, which subsequently strongly enhances P burial in coastal sediments.
Jiarui Liu, Gareth Izon, Jiasheng Wang, Gilad Antler, Zhou Wang, Jie Zhao, and Matthias Egger
Biogeosciences, 15, 6329–6348, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6329-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6329-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Our work provides new insights into the biogeochemical cycling of iron, methane and phosphorus. We found that vivianite, an iron-phosphate mineral, is pervasive in methane-rich sediments, suggesting that iron reduction at depth is coupled to phosphorus and methane cycling on a much greater spatial scale than previously assumed. Acting as an important burial mechanism for iron and phosphorus, vivianite authigenesis may be an under-considered process in both modern and ancient settings alike.
Marc A. Besseling, Ellen C. Hopmans, R. Christine Boschman, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Laura Villanueva
Biogeosciences, 15, 4047–4064, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4047-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4047-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Benthic archaea comprise a significant part of the total prokaryotic biomass in marine sediments. Here, we compared the archaeal diversity and intact polar lipid (IPL) composition in both surface and subsurface sediments with different oxygen regimes in the Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone. The oxygenated sediments were dominated by Thaumarchaeota and IPL-GDGT-0. The anoxic sediment contained highly diverse archaeal communities and high relative abundances of IPL-GDGT-1 to -4.
Georgina Robinson, Thomas MacTavish, Candida Savage, Gary S. Caldwell, Clifford L. W. Jones, Trevor Probyn, Bradley D. Eyre, and Selina M. Stead
Biogeosciences, 15, 1863–1878, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1863-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1863-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This study examined the effect of adding carbon to a sediment-based effluent treatment system to treat nitrogen-rich aquaculture waste. The research was conducted in incubation chambers to measure the exchange of gases and nutrients across the sediment–water interface and examine changes in the sediment microbial community. Adding carbon increased the amount of nitrogen retained in the treatment system, thereby reducing the levels of nitrogen needing to be discharged to the environment.
Daniele Brigolin, Christophe Rabouille, Bruno Bombled, Silvia Colla, Salvatrice Vizzini, Roberto Pastres, and Fabio Pranovi
Biogeosciences, 15, 1347–1366, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1347-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1347-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We present the result of a study carried out in the north-western Adriatic Sea by combining two different types of models with field sampling. A mussel farm was taken as a local source of perturbation to the natural flux of particulate organic carbon to the sediment. Differences in fluxes were primarily associated with mussel physiological conditions. Although restricted, these changes in particulate organic carbon fluxes induced visible effects on sediment biogeochemistry.
Volker Brüchert, Lisa Bröder, Joanna E. Sawicka, Tommaso Tesi, Samantha P. Joye, Xiaole Sun, Igor P. Semiletov, and Vladimir A. Samarkin
Biogeosciences, 15, 471–490, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-471-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-471-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We determined the aerobic and anaerobic degradation rates of land- and marine-derived organic material in East Siberian shelf sediment. Marine plankton-derived organic carbon was the main source for the oxic dissolved carbon dioxide production, whereas terrestrial organic material significantly contributed to the production of carbon dioxide under anoxic conditions. Our direct degradation rate measurements provide new constraints for the present-day Arctic marine carbon budget.
Jack J. Middelburg
Biogeosciences, 15, 413–427, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-413-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-413-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Organic carbon processing at the seafloor is studied by geologists to better understand the sedimentary record, by biogeochemists to quantify burial and respiration, by organic geochemists to elucidate compositional changes, and by ecologists to follow carbon transfers within food webs. These disciplinary approaches have their strengths and weaknesses. This award talk provides a synthesis, highlights the role of animals in sediment carbon processing and presents some new concepts.
Craig Smeaton, William E. N. Austin, Althea L. Davies, Agnes Baltzer, John A. Howe, and John M. Baxter
Biogeosciences, 14, 5663–5674, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5663-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5663-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Fjord sediments are recognised as hotspots for the burial and long-term storage of carbon. In this study, we use the Scottish fjords as a natural laboratory. Using geophysical and geochemical analysis in combination with upscaling techniques, we have generated the first full national sedimentary C inventory for a fjordic system. The results indicate that the Scottish fjords on a like-for-like basis are more effective as C stores than their terrestrial counterparts, including Scottish peatlands.
Perran Louis Miall Cook, Adam John Kessler, and Bradley David Eyre
Biogeosciences, 14, 4061–4069, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4061-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4061-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrogen is the key nutrient that typically limits productivity in coastal waters. One of the key controls on the amount of bioavailable nitrogen is the process of denitrification, which converts nitrate (bioavailable) into nitrogen gas. Previous studies suggest high rates of denitrification may take place within carbonate sediments, and one explanation for this is that this process may take place within the sand grains. Here we show evidence to support this hypothesis.
Chris T. Parsons, Fereidoun Rezanezhad, David W. O'Connell, and Philippe Van Cappellen
Biogeosciences, 14, 3585–3602, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3585-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3585-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Phosphorus (P) has accumulated in sediments due to past human activities. The re-release of this P to water contributes to the growth of harmful algal blooms. Our research improves our mechanistic understanding of how P is partitioned between different chemical forms and between sediment and water under dynamic conditions. We demonstrate that P trapped within iron minerals may be less mobile during anoxic conditions than previously thought due to reversible changes to P forms within sediment.
Clint M. Miller, Gerald R. Dickens, Martin Jakobsson, Carina Johansson, Andrey Koshurnikov, Matt O'Regan, Francesco Muschitiello, Christian Stranne, and Carl-Magnus Mörth
Biogeosciences, 14, 2929–2953, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2929-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2929-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Continental slopes north of the East Siberian Sea are assumed to hold large amounts of methane. We present pore water chemistry from the 2014 SWERUS-C3 expedition. These are among the first results generated from this vast climatically sensitive region, and they imply that abundant methane, including gas hydrates, do not characterize the East Siberian Sea slope or rise. This contradicts previous modeling and discussions, which due to the lack of data are almost entirely based assumption.
Cited articles
Abrantes, F., Lopes, C., Mix, A., and Pisias, N.: Diatoms in Southeast
Pacific surface sediments reflect environmental properties, Quaternary Sci. Rev.,
26, 155–169, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.02.022, 2007.
Albarède, F., Telouk, P., Blichert-Toft, J., Boyet, M., Agranier, A., and
Nelson, B.: Precise and accurate isotopic measurements using
multiple-collector ICPMS, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 68, 2725–2744,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2003.11.024, 2004.
Anderson, T. F. and Raiswell, R.: Sources and mechanisms for the enrichment
of highly reactive iron in euxinic black sea sediments, Am. J. Sci., 304,
203–233, 2004.
Berndt, C., Hensen, C., Mortera-Gutierrez, C., Sarkar, S., Geilert, S.,
Schmidt, M., Liebetrau, V., Kipfer, R., Scholz, F., Doll, M., Muff, S.,
Karstens, J., Planke, S., Petersen, S., Böttner, C., Chi, W.-C., Moser,
M., Behrendt, R., Fiskal, A., Lever, M. A., Su, C.-C., Deng, L., Brennwald,
M. S., and Lizarralde, D.: Rifting under steam – how rift magmatism triggers
methane venting from sedimentary basins, Geology, 44, 767–770, 2016.
Beucher, C. P., Brzezinski, M. A., and Jones, J. L.: Sources and biological
fractionation of Silicon isotopes in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 72, 3063–3073, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.04.021,
2008.
Bruland, K. W., Rue, E. L., Smith, G. J., and DiTullio, G. R.: Iron,
macronutrients and diatom blooms in the Peru upwelling regime: Brown and
blue waters of Peru, Mar. Chem., 93, 81–103,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2004.06.011, 2005.
Calvert, S. E.: Factors affecting distribution of laminated diatomaceous
sediments in Gulf of California, in: Marine Geology of Gulf of California,
edited by: van Andel, T. and Shor, G. G., 311–330, Vol. 3, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol.
Mem., Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1964.
Calvert, S. E.: Accumulation of Diatomaceous Silica in the Sediments of the
Gulf of California, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 77, 569–596, 1966.
Campbell, A. C. and Gieskes, J. M.: Water column anomalies associated with
hydrothermal activity in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California Andrew C.
Campbell and Joris M. Gieskes, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 68, 57–72, 1984.
Cappelli, C., Yokoyama, S., Cama, J., and Huertas, F. J.: Montmorillonite
dissolution kinetics: Experimental and reactive transport modeling
interpretation, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 227, 96–122, 2018.
Cardinal, D., Alleman, L. Y., Dehairs, F., Savoye, N., Trull, T. W., and
André, L.: Relevance of silicon isotopes to Si-nutrient utilization and
Si-source assessment in Antarctic waters, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 19,
1–13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GB002364, 2005.
Davis, C. C., Chen, H. W., and Edwards, M.: Modeling silica sorption to iron
hydroxide, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 582–587, https://doi.org/10.1021/es010996t,
2002.
De La Rocha, C. L., Brzezinski, M. A., and DeNiro, M. J.: Fractionation of
silicon isotopes by marine diatoms during biogenic silica formation,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 61, 5051–5056,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00300-1, 1997.
De La Rocha, C. L., Brzezinski, M. A., and Deniro, M. J.: A first look at the
distribution of the stable isotopes of silicon in natural waters, Geochim.
Cosmochim. Ac., 64, 2467–2477, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00373-2,
2000.
Delstanche, S., Opfergelt, S., Cardinal, D., Elsass, F., André, L., and
Delvaux, B.: Silicon isotopic fractionation during adsorption of aqueous
monosilicic acid onto iron oxide, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 73, 923–934,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.11.014, 2009.
Demarest, M. S., Brzezinski, M. A., and Beucher, C. P.: Fractionation of
silicon isotopes during biogenic silica dissolution, Geochim. Cosmochim.
Ac., 73, 5572–5583, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.06.019, 2009.
DeMaster, D. J.: The supply and accumulation of silica in the marine
environment., Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 45, 1715–1732, 1981.
de Souza, G. F., Reynolds, B. C., Rickli, J., Frank, M., Saito, M. A.,
Gerringa, L. J. A., and Bourdon, B.: Southern Ocean control of silicon stable
isotope distribution in the deep Atlantic Ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cy.,
26, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004141, 2012.
de Souza, G. F., Slater, R. D., Dunne, J. P., and Sarmiento, J. L.:
Deconvolving the controls on the deep ocean's silicon stable isotope
distribution, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 398, 66–76,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.04.040, 2014.
de Souza, G. F., Slater, R. D., Hain, M. P., Brzezinski, M. A., and
Sarmiento, J. L.: Distal and proximal controls on the silicon stable isotope
signature of North Atlantic Deep Water, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 432,
342–353, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.10.025, 2015.
Dixit, S., Van Cappellen, P., and van Bennekom, A. J.: Processes controllong
solubility of biogenic silica and pore water build-up of silicic acid in
marine sediments, Mar. Chem., 73, 333–352, 2001.
Dupuis, R., Benoit, M., Nardin, E., and Méheut, M.: Fractionation of silicon isotopes in liquids: The importance of configurational disorder, Chem. Geol., 396, 239–254, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.12.027, 2015.
Egan, K. E., Rickaby, R. E. M., Leng, M. J., Hendry, K. R., Hermoso, M.,
Sloane, H. J., Bostock, H., and Halliday, A. N.: Diatom silicon isotopes as a
proxy for silicic acid utilisation?: A Southern Ocean core top calibration,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 96, 174–192, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.08.002, 2012.
Ehlert, C., Grasse, P., Mollier-Vogel, E., Böschen, T., Franz, J., de
Souza, G. F., Reynolds, B. C., Stramma, L., and Frank, M.: Factors
controlling the silicon isotope distribution in waters and surface sediments
of the Peruvian coastal upwelling, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 99, 128–145,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.09.038, 2012.
Ehlert, C., Grasse, P., and Frank, M.: Changes in silicate utilisation and
upwelling intensity off Peru since the Last Glacial Maximum – insights from
silicon and neodymium isotopes, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 72, 18–35,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.04.013, 2013.
Ehlert, C., Doering, K., Wallmann, K., Scholz, F., Sommer, S., Grasse, P.,
Geilert, S., and Frank, M.: Stable silicon isotope signatures of marine pore
waters – Biogenic opal dissolution versus authigenic clay mineral
formation, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 191, 102–117,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.07.022, 2016.
Frings, P. J., Clymans, W., Fontorbe, G., De La Rocha, C. L., and Conley, D.
J.: The continental Si cycle and its impact on the ocean Si isotope budget,
Chem. Geol., 425, 12–36, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.01.020, 2016.
Fripiat, F., Cavagna, A.-J. Savoye, N., Dehairs, F., André, L., and Cardinal, D.: Isotopic constraints on the Si-biogeochemical cycle of the Antarctic Zone in the Kerguelen area (KEOPS), Mar. Chem., 123, 11–22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2010.08.005, 2011.
Geilert, S., Vroon, P. Z., Roerdink, D. L., Van Cappellen, P., and van
Bergen, M. J.: Silicon isotope fractionation during abiotic silica
precipitation at low temperatures: inferences from flow-through experiments,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 142, 95–114, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.07.003, 2014.
Geilert, S., Vroon, P. Z., Keller, N. S., Gudbrandsson, S., Stefánsson,
A., and van Bergen, M. J.: Silicon isotope fractionation during silica
precipitation from hot-spring waters: Evidence from the Geysir geothermal
field, Iceland, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 164, 403–427,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.05.043, 2015.
Geilert, S., Vroon, P. Z., and van Bergen, M. J.: Effect of diagenetic phase
transformation on the silicon isotope composition of opaline sinter deposits
of Geysir, Iceland, Chem. Geol., 433, 57–67, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.04.008,
2016.
Geilert, S., Hensen, C., Schmidt, M., Liebetrau, V., Scholz, F., Doll, M., Deng, L., Fiskal, A., Lever, M. A., Su, C.-C., Schloemer, S., Sarkar, S., Thiel, V., and Berndt, C.: On the formation of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, Biogeosciences, 15, 5715–5731, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5715-2018, 2018.
Georg, R. B., Reynolds, B. C., Frank, M., and Halliday, A. N.: Mechanisms
controlling the silicon isotopic compositions of river waters, Earth Planet.
Sc. Lett., 249, 290–306, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.07.006, 2006a.
Georg, R. B., Reynolds, B. C., Frank, M., and Halliday, A. N.: New sample
preparation techniques for the determination of Si isotopic compositions
using MC-ICPMS, Chem. Geol., 235, 95–104,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.06.006, 2006b.
Georg, R. B., Zhu, C., Reynolds, B. C., and Halliday, A. N.: Stable silicon
isotopes of groundwater, feldspars, and clay coatings in the Navajo
Sandstone aquifer, Black Mesa, Arizona, USA, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac.,
73, 2229–2241, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.02.005, 2009.
Gieskes, J. M., Kastner, M., Einsele, G., Kelts, K., and Niemitz, J.:
Hydrothermal Activity in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California: A synthesis,
in In Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Vol. 64, Pt. 2,
edited by: Blakeslee, J., Platt, L. W., and Stout, L. N., 1159–1167, 1982.
Gieskes, J. M., Simoneit, B. R. T., Brown, T., Shaw, T., Wang, Y. C., and
Magenheim, A.: Hydrothermal fluids and petroleum in surface sediments of
Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California: A case study, Can. Mineral., 26, 589–602, 1988.
Gieskes, J. M., Gamo, T., and Brumsack, H.: Chemical methods for interstitial
water analysis aboard Joides Resolution, Ocean Drill. Prog. Tech., Note 15,
Texas A&M Univ. Coll. Stn., 1991.
Golubev, S. V, Bauer, A., and Pokrovsky, O. S.: Effect of pH and organic
ligands on the kinetics of smectite dissolution at 25 ∘C,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 70, 4436–4451, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2006.06.1557,
2006.
Grasse, P., Ehlert, C., and Frank, M.: The influence of water mass mixing on
the dissolved Si isotope composition in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific,
Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 380, 60–71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.07.033, 2013.
Grasse, P., Ryabenko, E., Ehlert, C., Altabet, M. A., and Frank, M.: Silicon
and nitrogen cycling in the upwelling area off Peru: A dual isotope
approach, Limnol. Oceanogr., 61, 1661–1676, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10324, 2016.
Grasse, P., Brzezinski, M. A., Cardinal, D., de Souza, G. F., Andersson, P.,
Closset, I., Cao, Z., Dai, M., Ehlert, C., Estrade, N., François, R.,
Frank, M., Jiang, G., Jones, J. L., Kooijman, E., Liu, Q., Lu, D., Pahnke,
K., Ponzevera, E., Schmitt, M., Sun, X., Sutton, J. N., Thil, F., Weis, D.,
Wetzel, F., Zhang, A., Zhang, J., and Zhang, Z.: GEOTRACES inter-calibration
of the stable silicon isotope composition of dissolved silicic acid in
seawater, J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom., 32, 562–578, https://doi.org/10.1039/C6JA00302H,
2017.
Hughes, H. J., Delvigne, C., Korntheuer, M., de Jong, J., André, L., and
Cardinal, D.: Controlling the mass bias introduced by anionic and organic
matrices in silicon isotopic measurements by MC-ICP-MS, J. Anal. Atom.
Spectrom., 26, 1892, https://doi.org/10.1039/c1ja10110b, 2011.
Hurd, D. C.: Interactions of biogenic opal, sediment and seawater in the
Central Equatorial Pacific, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 37, 2257–2282,
1973.
Kastner, M.: Evidence for Two Distinct Hydrothermal Systems in the Guaymas
Basin, in: In Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Vol. 64, Pt.
2, edited by: Blakeslee, J., Platt, L. W., and Stout, L. N., 1143–1157,
U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, 1982.
Kastner, M. and Siever, R.: Siliceous Sediments of the Guaymas Basin: The
Effect of High Thermal Gradients on Diagenesis, J. Geol., 91, 629–641,
https://doi.org/10.1086/628816, 1983.
Köhler, S. J., Bosbach, D. B., and Oelkers, E. H.: Do clay mineral
dissolution rates reach steady state?, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 69,
1997–2006, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2004.10.015, 2005.
Lewin, J. C.: The dissolution of silica from diatom walls, Geochim.
Cosmochim. Ac., 21, 182–198, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(61)80054-9,
1961.
Liu, G., Qiu, S., Liu, B., Pu, Y., Gao, Z., Wang, J., Jin, R., and Zhou, J.:
Microbial reduction of Fe(III)-bearing clay minerals in the presence of
humic acids, Sci. Rep.-UK, 7, 45354, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep45354, 2017.
Loucaides, S., Michalopoulos, P., Presti, M., Koning, E., Behrends, T., and
Van Cappellen, P.: Seawater-mediated interactions between diatomaceous
silica and terrigenous sediments: Results from long-term incubation
experiments, Chem. Geol., 270, 68–79,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.11.006, 2010.
Lovley, D. R., Fraga, J. L., Blunt-Harris, E. L., Hayes, L. A., Phillips, E.
J. P., and Coates, J. D.: Humic Substances as a Mediator for Microbially
Catalyzed Metal Reduction, Acta Hydroch. Hydrob., 26, 152–157, 1998.
Mackenzie, F. T., Ristvet, B. L., Thorstenson, D. C., Lerman, A., and Leeper,
R. H.: Reverse weathering and chemical mass balance in a coastal
environment, in: River Inputs to Ocean Systems, edited by: Marten, J. M.,
Burton, J. D., and Eisma, D., 152–187, UNEP and UNESCO, Switzerland, 1981.
McManus, J., Hammond, D. E., Berelson, W. M., Kilgore, T. E., Demaster, D.
J., Ragueneau, O. G., and Collier, R. W.: Early diagenesis of biogenic opal:
Dissolution rates, kinetics, and paleoceanographic implications, Deep-Sea Res.
Pt. II, 42, 871–903, https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(95)00035-O, 1995.
Méheut, M., Lazzeri, M., Balan, E., and Mauri, F.: Equilibrium isotopic
fractionation in the kaolinite, quartz, water system: Prediction from
first-principles density-functional theory, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac.,
71, 3170–3181, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2007.04.012, 2007.
Meyerink, S., Ellwood, M. J., Maher, W. A., and Strzepek, R.: Iron availability influences silicon isotope fractionation in two southern ocean diatoms (Proboscia inermis and Eucampia antarctica) and a coastal diatom (Thalassiosira pseudonana), Front. Mar. Sci., 4, 217, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00217, 2017.
Michalopoulos, P. and Aller, R. C.: Rapid Clay Mineral Formation in Amazon
Delta Sediments: Reverse Weathering and Oceanic Elemental Cycles, Science,
270, 614–617, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.270.5236.614, 1995.
Michalopoulos, P. and Aller, R. C.: Early diagenesis of biogenic silica in
the Amazon delta: Alteration, authigenic clay formation, and storage,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 68, 1061–1085, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2003.07.018,
2004.
Michalopoulos, P., Aller, R. C., and Reeder, R. J.: Conversion of diatoms to
clays during early diagenesis in tropical, continental shell muds, Geology,
28, 1095–1098, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<1095:CODTCD>2.0.CO;2, 2000.
Morley, D. W., Leng, M. J., Mackay, A. W., Sloane, H. J., Rioual, P., and
Battarbee, R. W.: Cleaning of lake sediment samples for diatom oxygen
isotope analysis, J. Paleolimnol., 31, 391–401,
https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOPL.0000021854.70714.6b, 2004.
Müller, G.: Methods in sedimentary petrology, in: Sedimentary Petrology,
Vol. 1, edited by: von Engelhardt, W., Füchtbauer, H., and Müller, G.,
1–283, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, Germany, 1967.
Müller, P. J. and Schneider, R.: An automated leaching method for the
determination of opal in sediments and particulate matter, Deep-Sea Res. Pt.
I, 40, 425–444, https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0637(93)90140-X, 1993.
Ng, C. H., Cassarino, L., Pickering, R. A., Woodward, E. M. S., Hammond, S.
J., and Hendry, K. R.: Sediment efflux of silicon on the Greenland margin and
implications for the marine silicon cycle, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 529,
115877, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115877, 2020.
Oelze, M., von Blanckenburg, F., Bouchez, J., Hoellen, D., and Dietzel, M.:
The effect of Al on Si isotope fractionation investigated by silica
precipitation experiments, Chem. Geol., 397, 94–105,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.01.002, 2015.
Opfergelt, S., Cardinal, D., André, L., Delvigne, C., Bremond, L., and
Delvaux, B.: Variations of δ30Si and Ge∕Si with weathering and
biogenic input in tropical basaltic ash soils under monoculture, Geochim.
Cosmochim. Ac., 74, 225–240, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.09.025, 2010.
Opfergelt, S., Burton, K. W., Pogge von Strandmann, P. A. E., Gislason, S.
R., and Halliday, A. N.: Riverine silicon isotope variations in glaciated
basaltic terrains: Implications for the Si delivery to the ocean over
glacial-interglacial intervals, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 369–370,
211–219, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.03.025, 2013.
Parkhurst, B. D. L. and Appelo, C. A. J.: User's Guide To PHREEQC (version
2) – a Computer Program for Speciation, and Inverse Geochemical
Calculations, Exch. Organ. Behav. Teach. J., D (Version 2), 326, Rep.
99-4259, 1999.
Petschick, R., Kuhn, G., and Gingele, F.: Clay mineral distribution in
surface sediments of the South Atlantic: sources, transport, and relation to
oceanography, Mar. Geol., 130, 203–229,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(95)00148-4, 1996.
Rabouille, C., Gaillard, J. F., Tréguer, P., and Vincendeau, M. A.:
Biogenic silica recycling in surficial sediments across the Polar Front of
the Southern Ocean (Indian Sector), Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II,
44, 1151–1176, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00108-7, 1997.
Ragueneau, O., Tréguer, P., Leynaert, A., Anderson, R. F., Brzezinski,
M. A., DeMaster, D. J., Dugdale, R. C., Dymond, J., Fischer, G.,
François, R., Heinze, C., Maier-Reimer, E., Martin-Jézéquel, V.,
Nelson, D. M., and Quéguiner, B.: A review of the Si cycle in the modern
ocean: Recent progress and missing gaps in the application of biogenic opal
as a paleoproductivity proxy, Global Planet. Change, 26, 317–365,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8181(00)00052-7, 2000.
Rahman, S., Aller, R. C., and Cochran, J. K.: The Missing Silica Sink:
Revisiting the Marine Sedimentary Si Cycle Using Cosmogenic 32Si, Global
Biogeochem. Cy., 31, 1559–1578, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GB005746, 2017.
Reynolds, B. C., Aggarwal, J., André, L., Baxter, D., Beucher, C.,
Brzezinski, M. A., Cardinal, D., Engström, E., Georg, R. B., Land, M.,
Leng, M. J., Opfergelt, S., Rodushkin, I., Sloane, H. J., van den Boorn, S.
H. J. M., Vroon, P. Z., and Cardinal, D.: An inter-laboratory comparison of
Si isotope reference materials, J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom, 22, 561–568,
https://doi.org/10.1039/b616755a, 2007.
Reynolds, B. C., Frank, M., and Halliday, A. N.: Evidence for a major change
in silicon cycling in the subarctic North Pacific at 2.73 Ma,
Paleoceanography, 23, PA4219, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007PA001563, 2008.
Rickert, D.: Dissolution kinetics of biogenic silica in marine environments (Lösungskinetik von biogenem Opal in marinen Systemen), Berichte zur Polarforschung (Reports on Polar Research), Bremerhaven, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, 351, 211 pp., https://doi.org/10.2312/BzP_0351_2000, 2000.
Rickert, D., Schlüter, M., and Wallmann, K.: Dissolution kinetics of
biogenic silica from the water column to the sediments, Geochim. Cosmochim.
Ac., 66, 439–455, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00757-8, 2002.
Roerdink, D. L., van den Boorn, S. H. J. M., Geilert, S., Vroon, P. Z., and
van Bergen, M. J.: Experimental constraints on kinetic and equilibrium
silicon isotope fractionation during the formation of non-biogenic chert
deposits, Chem. Geol., 402, 40–51, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.02.038, 2015.
Savage, P. S., Georg, R. B., Armytage, R. M. G., Williams, H. M., and
Halliday, A. N.: Silicon isotope homogeneity in the mantle, Earth Planet.
Sc. Lett., 295, 139–146, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.03.035, 2010.
Sayles, F. L., Martin, W. R., Chase, Z., and Anderson, R. F.: Benthic
remineralization and burial of biogenic SiO2, CaCO3, organic carbon, and
detrital material in the Southern Ocean along a transect at 170∘
West, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 48, 4323–4383, 2001.
Scholz, F., Schmidt, M., Hensen, C., Geilert, S., Gutjahr, M., and Liebetrau,
V.: Shelf-to-basin iron shuttle in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 261, 76–92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.006, 2019.
Shemesh, A., Mortlock, R. A., Smith, R. J., and Froelich, P. N.:
Determination of Ge∕Si in Marine Siliceous Microfossils: Separation,
Cleaning and Dissolution of Diatoms and Radiolaria, Mar. Chem., 25,
305–323, 1988.
Sutton, J. N., Varela, D. E., Brzezinski, M. A., and Beucher, C. P.:
Species-dependent silicon isotope fractionation by marine diatoms, Geochim.
Cosmochim. Ac., 104, 300–309, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.10.057, 2013.
Sutton, J. N., André, L., Cardinal, D., Conley, D. J., de Souza, G. F.,
Dean, J., Dodd, J., Ehlert, C., Ellwood, M. J., Frings, P. J., Grasse, P.,
Hendry, K., Leng, M. J., Michalopoulos, P., Panizzo, V. N., and Swann, G. E.
A.: A Review of the Stable Isotope Bio-geochemistry of the Global Silicon
Cycle and Its Associated Trace Elements, Front. Earth Sci., 5, 112,
https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2017.00112, 2018.
Tatzel, M., von Blanckenburg, F., Oelze, M., Schuessler, J. A., and Bohrmann,
G.: The silicon isotope record of early silica diagenesis, Earth Planet.
Sc. Lett., 428, 293–303, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.07.018, 2015.
Thunell, R. C., Pride, C. J., Tappa, E., and Muller-Karger, F. E.: Biogenic
silica fluxes and accumulation rates in the Gulf of California, Geology, 22,
303–306, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0303:BSFAAR>2.3.CO;2, 1994.
Tréguer, P. and Pondaven, P.: Silica control of carbon dioxide, Nature,
406, 358–359, https://doi.org/10.1080/00207238608710255, 2000.
Tréguer, P. J. and De La Rocha, C. L.: The World Ocean Silica Cycle,
Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci., 5, 120725114348000,
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-121211-172346, 2013.
van Bennekom, A. J., Berger, G. W., Van Der Gaast, S. J., and De Vries, R.
T. P.: Primary productivity and the silica cycle in the Southern Ocean
(Atlantic sector), Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 67, 19–30, 1988.
Van Cappellen, P. and Qiu, L. Q.: Biogenic silica dissolution in sediments
of the Southern Ocean.1. Solubility, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 44, 1109–1128, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00113-0, 1997a.
Van Cappellen, P. and Qiu, L.: Biogenic silica dissolution in sediments of
the Southern Ocean. II Kinetics, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 44, 1129–1149, 1997b.
van den Boorn, S. H. J. M., Vroon, P. Z., and van Bergen, M. J.:
Sulfur-induced offsets in MC-ICP-MS silicon-isotope measurements, J. Anal.
At. Spectrom., 24, 1111, https://doi.org/10.1039/b816804k, 2009.
Varela, D. E., Pride, C. J., and Brzezinski, M. A.: Biological fractionation
of silicon isotopes in Southern Ocean surface waters, Global Biogeochem.
Cy., 18, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GB002140, 2004.
Viers, J., Dupré, B., and Gaillardet, J.: Chemical composition of
suspended sediments in World Rivers?: New insights from a new database, Sci.
Total Environ., 407, 853–868, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.09.053, 2009.
Vogt, C., Lauterjung, J., and Fischer, R. X.: Investigation of the clay
fraction (<2 µm) of the clay minerals society reference
clays, Clay. Clay Miner., 50, 388–400, 2002.
Von Damm, K. L.: Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity: Black Smoker Chemistry And
Chimneys, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sc., 18, 173–204,
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.18.1.173, 1990.
Von Damm, K. L., Edmond, J. M., Measures, C. I., and Grant, B.: Chemistry of
submarine hydrothermal solutions at Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 49, 2221–2237, 1985.
Wallmann, K., Aloisi, G., Haeckel, M., Tishchenko, P., Pavlova, G.,
Greinert, J., Kutterolf, S., and Eisenhauer, A.: Silicate weathering in
anoxic marine sediments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 72, 2895–2918,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.03.026, 2008.
Wetzel, F., de Souza, G. F., and Reynolds, B. C.: What controls silicon
isotope fractionation during dissolution of diatom opal?, Geochim.
Cosmochim. Ac., 131, 128–137, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.01.028, 2014.
Zambardi, T. and Poitrasson, F.: Precise Determination of Silicon Isotopes
in Silicate Rock Reference Materials by MC-ICP-MS, Geostand. Geoanal.
Res., 35, 89–99, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.2010.00067.x, 2011.
Zheng, X., Beard, B. L., Reddy, T. R., Roden, E. E., and Johnson, C. M.:
Abiologic silicon isotope fractionation between aqueous Si and Fe(III)-Si
gel in simulated Archean seawater?: Implications for Si isotope records in
Precambrian sedimentary rocks, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 187, 102–122,
2016.
Ziegler, K., Chadwick, O., Brzezinski, M., and Kelly, E. F.: Natural
variations of δ30Si ratios during progressive basalt weathering,
Hawaiian Islands, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 69, 4597–4610,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2005.05.008, 2005.
Short summary
Marine silicate weathering is a key process of the marine silica cycle; however, its controlling processes are not well understood. In the Guaymas Basin, silicate weathering has been studied under markedly differing ambient conditions. Environmental settings like redox conditions or terrigenous input of reactive silicates appear to be major factors controlling marine silicate weathering. These factors need to be taken into account in future oceanic mass balances of Si and in modeling studies.
Marine silicate weathering is a key process of the marine silica cycle; however, its controlling...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint