Articles | Volume 15, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1969-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1969-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
04 Apr 2018
Research article |
| 04 Apr 2018
Substrate potential of last interglacial to Holocene permafrost organic matter for future microbial greenhouse gas production
Janina G. Stapel
GFZ, German Research Centre for Geoscience, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam,
Organic Geochemistry, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
Georg Schwamborn
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Department of Periglacial Research, Telegrafenberg, A43, 14473
Potsdam, Germany
Lutz Schirrmeister
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Department of Periglacial Research, Telegrafenberg, A43, 14473
Potsdam, Germany
Brian Horsfield
GFZ, German Research Centre for Geoscience, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam,
Organic Geochemistry, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
Kai Mangelsdorf
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
GFZ, German Research Centre for Geoscience, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam,
Organic Geochemistry, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
Related authors
No articles found.
Loeka L. Jongejans, Kai Mangelsdorf, Cornelia Karger, Thomas Opel, Sebastian Wetterich, Jérémy Courtin, Hanno Meyer, Alexander I. Kizyakov, Guido Grosse, Andrei G. Shepelev, Igor I. Syromyatnikov, Alexander N. Fedorov, and Jens Strauss
The Cryosphere, 16, 3601–3617, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3601-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3601-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Large parts of Arctic Siberia are underlain by permafrost. Climate warming leads to permafrost thaw. At the Batagay megaslump, permafrost sediments up to ~ 650 kyr old are exposed. We took sediment samples and analysed the organic matter (e.g. plant remains). We found distinct differences in the biomarker distributions between the glacial and interglacial deposits with generally stronger microbial activity during interglacial periods. Further permafrost thaw enhances greenhouse gas emissions.
Charlotte Haugk, Loeka L. Jongejans, Kai Mangelsdorf, Matthias Fuchs, Olga Ogneva, Juri Palmtag, Gesine Mollenhauer, Paul J. Mann, P. Paul Overduin, Guido Grosse, Tina Sanders, Robyn E. Tuerena, Lutz Schirrmeister, Sebastian Wetterich, Alexander Kizyakov, Cornelia Karger, and Jens Strauss
Biogeosciences, 19, 2079–2094, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2079-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2079-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Buried animal and plant remains (carbon) from the last ice age were freeze-locked in permafrost. At an extremely fast eroding permafrost cliff in the Lena Delta (Siberia), we found this formerly frozen carbon well preserved. Our results show that ongoing degradation releases substantial amounts of this carbon, making it available for future carbon emissions. This mobilisation at the studied cliff and also similarly eroding sites bear the potential to affect rivers and oceans negatively.
Michael Krautblatter, Lutz Schirrmeister, and Josefine Lenz
Polarforschung, 89, 69–71, https://doi.org/10.5194/polf-89-69-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/polf-89-69-2021, 2021
Sebastian Wetterich, Alexander Kizyakov, Michael Fritz, Juliane Wolter, Gesine Mollenhauer, Hanno Meyer, Matthias Fuchs, Aleksei Aksenov, Heidrun Matthes, Lutz Schirrmeister, and Thomas Opel
The Cryosphere, 14, 4525–4551, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-4525-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-4525-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In the present study, we analysed geochemical and sedimentological properties of relict permafrost and ground ice exposed at the Sobo-Sise Yedoma cliff in the eastern Lena delta in NE Siberia. We obtained insight into permafrost aggradation and degradation over the last approximately 52 000 years and the climatic and morphodynamic controls on regional-scale permafrost dynamics of the central Laptev Sea coastal region.
Arthur Monhonval, Sophie Opfergelt, Elisabeth Mauclet, Benoît Pereira, Aubry Vandeuren, Guido Grosse, Lutz Schirrmeister, Matthias Fuchs, Peter Kuhry, and Jens Strauss
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-359, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-359, 2020
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
With global warming, ice-rich permafrost soils expose organic carbon to microbial degradation and unlock mineral elements as well. Interactions between mineral elements and organic carbon may enhance or mitigate microbial degradation. Here, we provide a large scale ice-rich permafrost mineral concentrations assessment and estimates of mineral element stocks in those deposits. Si is the most abundant mineral element and Fe and Al are present in the same order of magnitude as organic carbon.
Georg Schwamborn, Kai Hartmann, Bernd Wünnemann, Wolfgang Rösler, Annette Wefer-Roehl, Jörg Pross, Marlen Schlöffel, Franziska Kobe, Pavel E. Tarasov, Melissa A. Berke, and Bernhard Diekmann
Solid Earth, 11, 1375–1398, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1375-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1375-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We use a sediment core from the Gobi Desert (Ejina Basin, NW China) to illustrate the landscape history of the area. During 2.5 million years a sediment package of 223 m thickness has been accumulated. Various sediment types document that the area turned from a playa environment (shallow water environment with multiple flooding events) to an alluvial–fluvial environment after the arrival of the Heihe in the area. The river has been diverted due to tectonics.
Torben Windirsch, Guido Grosse, Mathias Ulrich, Lutz Schirrmeister, Alexander N. Fedorov, Pavel Y. Konstantinov, Matthias Fuchs, Loeka L. Jongejans, Juliane Wolter, Thomas Opel, and Jens Strauss
Biogeosciences, 17, 3797–3814, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3797-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3797-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
To extend the knowledge on circumpolar deep permafrost carbon storage, we examined two deep permafrost deposit types (Yedoma and alas) in central Yakutia. We found little but partially undecomposed organic carbon as a result of largely changing sedimentation processes. The carbon stock of the examined Yedoma deposits is about 50 % lower than the general Yedoma domain mean, implying a very hetererogeneous Yedoma composition, while the alas is approximately 80 % below the thermokarst deposit mean.
Lutz Schirrmeister, Elisabeth Dietze, Heidrun Matthes, Guido Grosse, Jens Strauss, Sebastian Laboor, Mathias Ulrich, Frank Kienast, and Sebastian Wetterich
E&G Quaternary Sci. J., 69, 33–53, https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-69-33-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-69-33-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Late Pleistocene Yedoma deposits of Siberia and Alaska are prone to degradation with warming temperatures.
Multimodal grain-size distributions of >700 samples indicate varieties of sediment production, transport, and deposition.
These processes were disentangled using robust endmember modeling analysis.
Nine robust grain-size endmembers characterize these deposits.
The data set was finally classified using cluster analysis.
The polygenetic Yedoma origin is proved.
Elisabeth Dietze, Kai Mangelsdorf, Andrei Andreev, Cornelia Karger, Laura T. Schreuder, Ellen C. Hopmans, Oliver Rach, Dirk Sachse, Volker Wennrich, and Ulrike Herzschuh
Clim. Past, 16, 799–818, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-799-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-799-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term climate change impacts on fire, vegetation and permafrost in the Arctic are uncertain. Here, we show the high potential of organic compounds from low-temperature biomass burning to serve as proxies for surface fires in lake deposits. During warm periods of the last 430 000 years, surface fires are closely linked to the larch taiga forest with its moss–lichen ground vegetation that isolates the permafrost. They have reduced in warm–wet, spruce–dominated and cool–dry steppe environments.
Nikita Demidov, Sebastian Wetterich, Sergey Verkulich, Aleksey Ekaykin, Hanno Meyer, Mikhail Anisimov, Lutz Schirrmeister, Vasily Demidov, and Andrew J. Hodson
The Cryosphere, 13, 3155–3169, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3155-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3155-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
As Norwegian geologist Liestøl (1996) recognised,
in connection with formation of pingos there are a great many unsolved questions. Drillings and temperature measurements through the pingo mound and also through the surrounding permafrost are needed before the problems can be better understood. To shed light on pingo formation here we present the results of first drilling of pingo on Spitsbergen together with results of detailed hydrochemical and stable-isotope studies of massive-ice samples.
Boris K. Biskaborn, Larisa Nazarova, Lyudmila A. Pestryakova, Liudmila Syrykh, Kim Funck, Hanno Meyer, Bernhard Chapligin, Stuart Vyse, Ruslan Gorodnichev, Evgenii Zakharov, Rong Wang, Georg Schwamborn, Hannah L. Bailey, and Bernhard Diekmann
Biogeosciences, 16, 4023–4049, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4023-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4023-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
To better understand time-series data in lake sediment cores in times of rapidly changing climate, we study within-lake spatial variabilities of environmental indicator data in 38 sediment surface samples along spatial habitat gradients in the boreal deep Lake Bolshoe Toko (Russia). Our methods comprise physicochemical as well as diatom and chironomid analyses. Species diversities vary according to benthic niches, while abiotic proxies depend on river input, water depth, and catchment lithology.
Julia Mitzscherling, Fabian Horn, Maria Winterfeld, Linda Mahler, Jens Kallmeyer, Pier P. Overduin, Lutz Schirrmeister, Matthias Winkel, Mikhail N. Grigoriev, Dirk Wagner, and Susanne Liebner
Biogeosciences, 16, 3941–3958, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3941-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3941-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost temperatures increased substantially at a global scale, potentially altering microbial assemblages involved in carbon mobilization before permafrost thaws. We used Arctic Shelf submarine permafrost as a natural laboratory to investigate the microbial response to long-term permafrost warming. Our work shows that millennia after permafrost warming by > 10 °C, microbial community composition and population size reflect the paleoenvironment rather than a direct effect through warming.
Thomas Opel, Julian B. Murton, Sebastian Wetterich, Hanno Meyer, Kseniia Ashastina, Frank Günther, Hendrik Grotheer, Gesine Mollenhauer, Petr P. Danilov, Vasily Boeskorov, Grigoriy N. Savvinov, and Lutz Schirrmeister
Clim. Past, 15, 1443–1461, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1443-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1443-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
To reconstruct past winter climate, we studied ice wedges at two sites in the Yana Highlands, interior Yakutia (Russia), the most continental region of the Northern Hemisphere. Our ice wedges of the upper ice complex unit of the Batagay megaslump and a river terrace show much more depleted stable-isotope compositions than other study sites in coastal and central Yakutia, reflecting lower winter temperatures and a higher continentality of the study region during Marine Isotope Stages 3 and 1.
Loeka L. Jongejans, Jens Strauss, Josefine Lenz, Francien Peterse, Kai Mangelsdorf, Matthias Fuchs, and Guido Grosse
Biogeosciences, 15, 6033–6048, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6033-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6033-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic warming mobilizes belowground organic matter in northern high latitudes. This study focused on the size of organic carbon pools and organic matter quality in ice-rich permafrost on the Baldwin Peninsula, West Alaska. We analyzed biogeochemistry and found that three-quarters of the carbon is stored in degraded permafrost deposits. Nonetheless, using biomarker analyses, we showed that the organic matter in undisturbed yedoma permafrost has a higher potential for decomposition.
Josefine Walz, Christian Knoblauch, Ronja Tigges, Thomas Opel, Lutz Schirrmeister, and Eva-Maria Pfeiffer
Biogeosciences, 15, 5423–5436, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5423-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5423-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate potential CO2 and CH4 production in degrading ice-rich permafrost in northeastern Siberia, deposited under different climatic conditions. With laboratory incubations, it could be shown that Late Pleistocene yedoma deposits generally produced more CO2 than Holocene deposits. Thus, OM decomposability needs to be interpreted against the paleoenvironmental background. However, OM decomposability cannot be generalized solely based on the stratigraphic position.
Kseniia Ashastina, Lutz Schirrmeister, Margret Fuchs, and Frank Kienast
Clim. Past, 13, 795–818, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-795-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-795-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We present the first detailed description and sedimentological analyses of an 80 m permafrost sequence exposed in a mega-thaw slump near Batagay in the Yana Highlands, Russia, and attempt to deduce its genesis. First dating results (14C, OSL) show that the sequence represents a continental climate record spanning from the Middle Pleistocene to the Holocene. We suggest that the characteristics of the studied deposits are a result of various seasonally controlled climatically induced processes.
Sebastian Westermann, Maria Peter, Moritz Langer, Georg Schwamborn, Lutz Schirrmeister, Bernd Etzelmüller, and Julia Boike
The Cryosphere, 11, 1441–1463, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1441-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1441-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We demonstrate a remote-sensing-based scheme estimating the evolution of ground temperature and active layer thickness by means of a ground thermal model. A comparison to in situ observations from the Lena River delta in Siberia indicates that the model is generally capable of reproducing the annual temperature regime and seasonal thawing of the ground. The approach could hence be a first step towards remote detection of ground thermal conditions in permafrost areas.
Thomas Opel, Sebastian Wetterich, Hanno Meyer, Alexander Y. Dereviagin, Margret C. Fuchs, and Lutz Schirrmeister
Clim. Past, 13, 587–611, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-587-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-587-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We studied late Quaternary permafrost at the Oyogos Yar coast (Dmitry Laptev Strait) to reconstruct palaeoclimate and palaeonvironmental conditions in the Northeast Siberian Arctic. Our ice-wedge stable isotope record, combined with data from Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island, indicates coldest winter temperatures during MIS5 and MIS2, warmest conditions during the Holocene, i.e. today, and non-stable winter climate during MIS3. New IRSL ages reveal high climate variability during MIS5.
Lutz Schirrmeister, Georg Schwamborn, Pier Paul Overduin, Jens Strauss, Margret C. Fuchs, Mikhail Grigoriev, Irina Yakshina, Janet Rethemeyer, Elisabeth Dietze, and Sebastian Wetterich
Biogeosciences, 14, 1261–1283, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1261-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1261-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate late Pleistocene permafrost at the Buor Khaya Peninsula (Laptev Sea, Siberia) for cryolithological, geochemical, and geochronological parameters. The sequences were composed of ice-oversaturated silts and fine-grained sands with 0.2 to 24 wt% of organic matter. The deposition was between 54.1 and 9.7 kyr BP. Due to coastal erosion, the biogeochemical signature of the deposits represents the terrestrial end-member, and is related to organic matter deposited in the marine realm.
Heike Hildegard Zimmermann, Elena Raschke, Laura Saskia Epp, Kathleen Rosmarie Stoof-Leichsenring, Georg Schwamborn, Lutz Schirrmeister, Pier Paul Overduin, and Ulrike Herzschuh
Biogeosciences, 14, 575–596, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-575-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-575-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Organic matter stored in permafrost will start decomposing due to climate warming. To better understand its composition in ice-rich Yedoma, we analyzed ancient sedimentary DNA, pollen and non-pollen palynomorphs throughout an 18.9 m long permafrost core. The combination of both proxies allow an interpretation both of regional floristic changes and of the local environmental conditions at the time of deposition.
Pier Paul Overduin, Sebastian Wetterich, Frank Günther, Mikhail N. Grigoriev, Guido Grosse, Lutz Schirrmeister, Hans-Wolfgang Hubberten, and Aleksandr Makarov
The Cryosphere, 10, 1449–1462, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1449-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1449-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
How fast does permafrost warm up and thaw after it is covered by the sea? Ice-rich permafrost in the Laptev Sea, Siberia, is rapidly eroded by warm air and waves. We used a floating electrical technique to measure the depth of permafrost thaw below the sea, and compared it to 60 years of coastline retreat and permafrost depths from drilling 30 years ago. Thaw is rapid right after flooding of the land and slows over time. The depth of permafrost is related to how fast the coast retreats.
Fabian Beermann, Moritz Langer, Sebastian Wetterich, Jens Strauss, Julia Boike, Claudia Fiencke, Lutz Schirrmeister, Eva-Maria Pfeiffer, and Lars Kutzbach
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2016-117, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2016-117, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
This paper aims to quantify pools of inorganic nitrogen in permafrost soils of arctic Siberia and to estimate annual release rates of this nitrogen due to permafrost thaw. We report for the first time stores of inorganic nitrogen in Siberian permafrost soils. These nitrogen stores are important as permafrost thaw can mobilize substantial amounts of nitrogen, potentially changing the nutrient balance of these soils and representing a significant non-carbon permafrost climate feedback.
T. Schneider von Deimling, G. Grosse, J. Strauss, L. Schirrmeister, A. Morgenstern, S. Schaphoff, M. Meinshausen, and J. Boike
Biogeosciences, 12, 3469–3488, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3469-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3469-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We have modelled the carbon release from thawing permafrost soils under various scenarios of future warming. Our results suggests that up to about 140Pg of carbon could be released under strong warming by end of the century. We have shown that abrupt thaw processes under thermokarst lakes can unlock large amounts of perennially frozen carbon stored in deep deposits (which extend many metres into the soil).
J. Strauss, L. Schirrmeister, K. Mangelsdorf, L. Eichhorn, S. Wetterich, and U. Herzschuh
Biogeosciences, 12, 2227–2245, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2227-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2227-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Climatic warming is affecting permafrost, including decomposition of organic matter (OM). However, quantitative data for the quality of OM and its availability for decomposition is limited. We analyzed the quality of OM in late Pleistocene (Yedoma) and Holocene (thermokarst) deposits. A lack of depth trends reveals a constant quality of OM showing that permafrost acts like a freezer, preserving OM quality. This OM will be susceptible to decomposition under climatic warming.
G. Hugelius, J. Strauss, S. Zubrzycki, J. W. Harden, E. A. G. Schuur, C.-L. Ping, L. Schirrmeister, G. Grosse, G. J. Michaelson, C. D. Koven, J. A. O'Donnell, B. Elberling, U. Mishra, P. Camill, Z. Yu, J. Palmtag, and P. Kuhry
Biogeosciences, 11, 6573–6593, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6573-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6573-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides an updated estimate of organic carbon stored in the northern permafrost region. The study includes estimates for carbon in soils (0 to 3 m depth) and deeper sediments in river deltas and the Yedoma region. We find that field data is still scarce from many regions. Total estimated carbon storage is ~1300 Pg with an uncertainty range of between 1100 and 1500 Pg. Around 800 Pg carbon is perennially frozen, equivalent to all carbon dioxide currently in the Earth's atmosphere.
G. Schwamborn, H. Meyer, L. Schirrmeister, and G. Fedorov
Clim. Past, 10, 1109–1123, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1109-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1109-2014, 2014
G. Hugelius, J. G. Bockheim, P. Camill, B. Elberling, G. Grosse, J. W. Harden, K. Johnson, T. Jorgenson, C. D. Koven, P. Kuhry, G. Michaelson, U. Mishra, J. Palmtag, C.-L. Ping, J. O'Donnell, L. Schirrmeister, E. A. G. Schuur, Y. Sheng, L. C. Smith, J. Strauss, and Z. Yu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 5, 393–402, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-393-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-393-2013, 2013
G. Schwamborn, L. Schirrmeister, and B. Diekmann
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-6255-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-6255-2013, 2013
Preprint withdrawn
D. Mottaghy, G. Schwamborn, and V. Rath
Clim. Past, 9, 119–133, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-119-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-119-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Organic Biogeochemistry
Sinking fate and carbon export of zooplankton fecal pellets: insights from time-series sediment trap observations in the northern South China Sea
Low cobalt inventories in the Amundsen and Ross seas driven by high demand for labile cobalt uptake among native phytoplankton communities
Latitudinal distribution of biomarkers across the western Arctic Ocean and the Bering Sea: an approach to assess sympagic and pelagic algal production
Potential bioavailability of representative pyrogenic organic matter compounds in comparison to natural dissolved organic matter pools
Distributions of bacteriohopanepolyols in lakes and coastal lagoons of the Azores Archipelago
Recently fixed carbon fuels microbial activity several meters below the soil surface
Environmental and hydrologic controls on sediment and organic carbon export from a subalpine catchment: insights from a time series
Climate and geology overwrite land use effects on soil organic nitrogen cycling on a continental scale
Compositions of dissolved organic matter in the ice-covered waters above the Aurora hydrothermal vent system, Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean
Organic matter characteristics of a rapidly eroding permafrost cliff in NE Siberia (Lena Delta, Laptev Sea region)
Microbial labilization and diversification of pyrogenic dissolved organic matter
Bacterial and eukaryotic intact polar lipids point to in situ production as a key source of labile organic matter in hadal surface sediment of the Atacama Trench
What can we learn from amino acids about oceanic organic matter cycling and degradation?
Bacteriohopanetetrol-x: constraining its application as a lipid biomarker for marine anammox using the water column oxygen gradient of the Benguela upwelling system
Active and passive fluxes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the northern South China Sea
Cyanobacteria net community production in the Baltic Sea as inferred from profiling pCO2 measurements
Reviews and syntheses: Heterotrophic fixation of inorganic carbon – significant but invisible flux in environmental carbon cycling
Revised fractional abundances and warm-season temperatures substantially improve brGDGT calibrations in lake sediments
Archaeal intact polar lipids in polar waters: a comparison between the Amundsen and Scotia seas
Reproducible determination of dissolved organic matter photosensitivity
Technical note: Uncovering the influence of methodological variations on the extractability of iron-bound organic carbon
Anthropocene climate warming enhances autochthonous carbon cycling in an upland Arctic lake, Disko Island, West Greenland
Novel hydrocarbon-utilizing soil mycobacteria synthesize unique mycocerosic acids at a Sicilian everlasting fire
Alkenone isotopes show evidence of active carbon concentrating mechanisms in coccolithophores as aqueous carbon dioxide concentrations fall below 7 µmol L−1
Seasonal variability and sources of in situ brGDGT production in a permanently stratified African crater lake
Sediment release of dissolved organic matter to the oxygen minimum zone off Peru
Better molecular preservation of organic matter in an oxic than in a sulfidic depositional environment: evidence from Thalassiphora pelagica (Dinoflagellata, Eocene) cysts
Assessing branched tetraether lipids as tracers of soil organic carbon transport through the Carminowe Creek catchment (southwest England)
The nonconservative distribution pattern of organic matter in the Rajang, a tropical river with peatland in its estuary
Predominance of hexamethylated 6-methyl branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers in the Mariana Trench: source and environmental implication
High-pH and anoxic conditions during soil organic matter extraction increases its electron-exchange capacity and ability to stimulate microbial Fe(III) reduction by electron shuttling
Sterol preservation in hypersaline microbial mats
Structural elucidation and environmental distributions of butanetriol and pentanetriol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (BDGTs and PDGTs)
Distribution and degradation of terrestrial organic matter in the sediments of peat-draining rivers, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
Validation of carbon isotope fractionation in algal lipids as a pCO2 proxy using a natural CO2 seep (Shikine Island, Japan)
Composition and cycling of dissolved organic matter from tropical peatlands of coastal Sarawak, Borneo, revealed by fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis
Latitudinal variations in δ30Si and δ15N signatures along the Peruvian shelf: quantifying the effects of nutrient utilization versus denitrification over the past 600 years
Diapycnal dissolved organic matter supply into the upper Peruvian oxycline
Composition and vertical flux of particulate organic matter to the oxygen minimum zone of the central Baltic Sea: impact of a sporadic North Sea inflow
Main drivers of transparent exopolymer particle distribution across the surface Atlantic Ocean
Biochemical and structural controls on the decomposition dynamics of boreal upland forest moss tissues
Spatiotemporal transformation of dissolved organic matter along an alpine stream flow path on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau: importance of source and permafrost degradation
A quest for the biological sources of long chain alkyl diols in the western tropical North Atlantic Ocean
Long-chain diols in rivers: distribution and potential biological sources
Leaf wax n-alkanes in modern plants and topsoils from eastern Georgia (Caucasus) – implications for reconstructing regional paleovegetation
The role of diatom resting spores in pelagic–benthic coupling in the Southern Ocean
Calcium content and high calcium adaptation of plants in karst areas of southwestern Hunan, China
Variation pattern of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen in oceans and inland waters
C5 glycolipids of heterocystous cyanobacteria track symbiont abundance in the diatom Hemiaulus hauckii across the tropical North Atlantic
Molecular fingerprinting of particulate organic matter as a new tool for its source apportionment: changes along a headwater drainage in coarse, medium and fine particles as a function of rainfalls
Hanxiao Wang, Zhifei Liu, Jiaying Li, Baozhi Lin, Yulong Zhao, Xiaodong Zhang, Junyuan Cao, Jingwen Zhang, Hongzhe Song, and Wenzhuo Wang
Biogeosciences, 20, 5109–5123, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5109-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5109-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The sinking of zooplankton fecal pellets is a key process in the marine biological carbon pump. This study presents carbon export of four shapes of fecal pellets from two time-series sediment traps in the South China Sea. The results show that the sinking fate of fecal pellets is regulated by marine primary productivity, deep-dwelling zooplankton community, and deep-sea currents in the tropical marginal sea, thus providing a new perspective for exploring the carbon cycle in the world ocean.
Rebecca J. Chmiel, Riss M. Kell, Deepa Rao, Dawn M. Moran, Giacomo R. DiTullio, and Mak A. Saito
Biogeosciences, 20, 3997–4027, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3997-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3997-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Cobalt is an important micronutrient for plankton, yet it is often scarce throughout the oceans. A 2017/2018 expedition to coastal Antarctica, including regions of the Amundsen Sea and the Ross Sea, discovered lower concentrations of cobalt compared to two past expeditions in 2005 and 2006, particularly for the type of cobalt preferred as a nutrient by phytoplankton. This loss may be due to changing inputs of other nutrients, causing higher uptake of cobalt by plankton over the last decade.
Youcheng Bai, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Jian Ren, Vincent Klein, Haiyan Jin, and Jianfang Chen
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-143, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-143, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
Algal biomarkers were used to assess sea ice and pelagic algal production across the western Arctic Ocean with changing sea ice conditions. They show three distinct areas along with a marked latitudinal gradient of sea ice over pelagic algal production in surface sediments that are reflected by the H-print index. Our data also show that efficient grazing consumption accounted for the dramatic decrease of diatom derived biomarker in sediments compared to that of particulate matter.
Emily B. Graham, Hyun-Seob Song, Samantha Grieger, Vanessa A. Garayburu-Caruso, James C. Stegen, Kevin D. Bladon, and Allison N. Myers-Pigg
Biogeosciences, 20, 3449–3457, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3449-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3449-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Intensifying wildfires are increasing pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) production and its impact on water quality. Recent work indicates that PyOM may have a greater impact on aquatic biogeochemistry than previously assumed, driven by higher bioavailability. We provide a full assessment of the potential bioavailability of PyOM across its chemical spectrum. We indicate that PyOM can be actively transformed within the river corridor and, therefore, may be a growing source of riverine C emissions.
Nora Richter, Ellen C. Hopmans, Danica Mitrović, Pedro M. Raposeiro, Vítor Gonçalves, Ana C. Costa, Linda A. Amaral-Zettler, Laura Villanueva, and Darci Rush
Biogeosciences, 20, 2065–2098, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2065-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2065-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs) are a diverse class of lipids produced by bacteria across a wide range of environments. This study characterizes the diversity of BHPs in lakes and coastal lagoons in the Azores Archipelago, as well as a co-culture enriched for methanotrophs. We highlight the potential of BHPs as taxonomic markers for bacteria associated with certain ecological niches, which can be preserved in sedimentary records.
Andrea Scheibe, Carlos A. Sierra, and Marie Spohn
Biogeosciences, 20, 827–838, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-827-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-827-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We explored carbon cycling in soils in three climate zones in Chile down to a depth of 6 m, using carbon isotopes. Our results show that microbial activity several meters below the soil surface is mostly fueled by recently fixed carbon and that strong decomposition of soil organic matter only occurs in the upper decimeters of the soils. The study shows that different layers of the critical zone are tightly connected and that processes in the deep soil depend on recently fixed carbon.
Melissa Sophia Schwab, Hannah Gies, Chantal Valérie Freymond, Maarten Lupker, Negar Haghipour, and Timothy Ian Eglinton
Biogeosciences, 19, 5591–5616, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5591-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5591-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The majority of river studies focus on headwater or floodplain systems, while often neglecting intermediate river segments. Our study on the subalpine Sihl River bridges the gap between streams and lowlands and demonstrates that moderately steep river segments are areas of significant instream alterations, modulating the export of organic carbon over short distances.
Lisa Noll, Shasha Zhang, Qing Zheng, Yuntao Hu, Florian Hofhansl, and Wolfgang Wanek
Biogeosciences, 19, 5419–5433, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5419-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5419-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Cleavage of proteins to smaller nitrogen compounds allows microorganisms and plants to exploit the largest nitrogen reservoir in soils and is considered the bottleneck in soil organic nitrogen cycling. Results from soils covering a European transect show that protein turnover is constrained by soil geochemistry, shifts in climate and associated alterations in soil weathering and should be considered as a driver of soil nitrogen availability with repercussions on carbon cycle processes.
Muhammed Fatih Sert, Helge Niemann, Eoghan P. Reeves, Mats A. Granskog, Kevin P. Hand, Timo Kekäläinen, Janne Jänis, Pamela E. Rossel, Bénédicte Ferré, Anna Silyakova, and Friederike Gründger
Biogeosciences, 19, 2101–2120, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2101-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2101-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate organic matter composition in the Arctic Ocean water column. We collected seawater samples from sea ice to deep waters at six vertical profiles near an active hydrothermal vent and its plume. In comparison to seawater, we found that the organic matter in waters directly affected by the hydrothermal plume had different chemical composition. We suggest that hydrothermal processes may influence the organic matter distribution in the deep ocean.
Charlotte Haugk, Loeka L. Jongejans, Kai Mangelsdorf, Matthias Fuchs, Olga Ogneva, Juri Palmtag, Gesine Mollenhauer, Paul J. Mann, P. Paul Overduin, Guido Grosse, Tina Sanders, Robyn E. Tuerena, Lutz Schirrmeister, Sebastian Wetterich, Alexander Kizyakov, Cornelia Karger, and Jens Strauss
Biogeosciences, 19, 2079–2094, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2079-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2079-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Buried animal and plant remains (carbon) from the last ice age were freeze-locked in permafrost. At an extremely fast eroding permafrost cliff in the Lena Delta (Siberia), we found this formerly frozen carbon well preserved. Our results show that ongoing degradation releases substantial amounts of this carbon, making it available for future carbon emissions. This mobilisation at the studied cliff and also similarly eroding sites bear the potential to affect rivers and oceans negatively.
Aleksandar I. Goranov, Andrew S. Wozniak, Kyle W. Bostick, Andrew R. Zimmerman, Siddhartha Mitra, and Patrick G. Hatcher
Biogeosciences, 19, 1491–1514, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1491-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1491-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Wildfire-derived molecules are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment, but their biological fate remains understudied. We have evaluated the compositional changes that occur to wildfire-derived molecules after incubation with soil microbes. We observe a significant degradation but also a production of numerous new labile molecules. Our results indicate that wildfire-derived molecules can be broken down and the carbon and nitrogen therein can be incorporated into microbial food webs.
Edgart Flores, Sebastian I. Cantarero, Paula Ruiz-Fernández, Nadia Dildar, Matthias Zabel, Osvaldo Ulloa, and Julio Sepúlveda
Biogeosciences, 19, 1395–1420, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1395-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1395-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we investigate the chemical diversity and abundance of microbial lipids as markers of organic matter sources in the deepest points of the Atacama Trench sediments and compare them to similar lipid stocks in shallower surface sediments and in the overlying water column. We evaluate possible organic matter provenance and some potential chemical adaptations of the in situ microbial community to the extreme conditions of high hydrostatic pressure in hadal realm.
Birgit Gaye, Niko Lahajnar, Natalie Harms, Sophie Anna Luise Paul, Tim Rixen, and Kay-Christian Emeis
Biogeosciences, 19, 807–830, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-807-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-807-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Amino acids were analyzed in a large number of samples of particulate and dissolved organic matter from coastal regions and the open ocean. A statistical analysis produced two new biogeochemical indicators. An indicator of sinking particle and sediment degradation (SDI) traces the degradation of organic matter from the surface waters into the sediments. A second indicator shows the residence time of suspended matter in the ocean (RTI).
Zoë R. van Kemenade, Laura Villanueva, Ellen C. Hopmans, Peter Kraal, Harry J. Witte, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Darci Rush
Biogeosciences, 19, 201–221, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-201-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-201-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an important nitrogen-removal process in the ocean. We assess the distribution of bacteriohopanetetrol-x (BHT-x), used to trace past anammox, along a redox gradient in the water column of the Benguela upwelling system. BHT-x / BHT ratios of >0.18 correspond to the presence of living anammox bacteria and oxygen levels <50 μmol L−1. This allows for a more robust application of BHT-x to trace past marine anammox and deoxygenation in dynamic marine systems.
Jia-Jang Hung, Ching-Han Tung, Zong-Ying Lin, Yuh-ling Lee Chen, Shao-Hung Peng, Yen-Huei Lin, and Li-Shan Tsai
Biogeosciences, 18, 5141–5162, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5141-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5141-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We report measured active and passive fluxes and their controlling mechanisms in the northern South China Sea (NSCS). The total fluxes were higher than most reports in open oceans, indicating the significance of NSCS in atmospheric CO2 uptake and in storing that CO2 in the ocean’s interior. Winter cooling and extreme events enhanced nutrient availability and elevated fluxes. Global warming may have profound impacts on reducing ocean’s uptake and storage of CO2 in subtropical–tropical oceans.
Jens Daniel Müller, Bernd Schneider, Ulf Gräwe, Peer Fietzek, Marcus Bo Wallin, Anna Rutgersson, Norbert Wasmund, Siegfried Krüger, and Gregor Rehder
Biogeosciences, 18, 4889–4917, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4889-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4889-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Based on profiling pCO2 measurements from a field campaign, we quantify the biomass production of a cyanobacteria bloom in the Baltic Sea, the export of which would foster deep water deoxygenation. We further demonstrate how this biomass production can be accurately reconstructed from long-term surface measurements made on cargo vessels in combination with modelled temperature profiles. This approach enables a better understanding of a severe concern for the Baltic’s good environmental status.
Alexander Braun, Marina Spona-Friedl, Maria Avramov, Martin Elsner, Federico Baltar, Thomas Reinthaler, Gerhard J. Herndl, and Christian Griebler
Biogeosciences, 18, 3689–3700, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3689-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3689-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
It is known that CO2 fixation by photoautotrophic organisms is the major sink from the atmosphere. While biologists are aware that CO2 fixation also occurs in heterotrophic organisms, this route of inorganic carbon, and its quantitative role, is hardly recognized in biogeochemistry. We demonstrate that a considerable amount of CO2 is fixed annually through anaplerotic reactions in heterotrophic organisms, and a significant quantity of inorganic carbon is temporally sequestered in biomass.
Jonathan H. Raberg, David J. Harning, Sarah E. Crump, Greg de Wet, Aria Blumm, Sebastian Kopf, Áslaug Geirsdóttir, Gifford H. Miller, and Julio Sepúlveda
Biogeosciences, 18, 3579–3603, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3579-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3579-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
BrGDGT lipids are a proxy for temperature in lake sediments, but other parameters like pH can influence them, and seasonality can affect the temperatures they record. We find a warm-season bias at 43 new high-latitude sites. We also present a new method that deconvolves the effects of temperature, pH, and conductivity and generate global calibrations for these variables. Our study provides new paleoclimate tools, insight into brGDGTs at the biochemical level, and a new method for future study.
Charlotte L. Spencer-Jones, Erin L. McClymont, Nicole J. Bale, Ellen C. Hopmans, Stefan Schouten, Juliane Müller, E. Povl Abrahamsen, Claire Allen, Torsten Bickert, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Elaine Mawbey, Victoria Peck, Aleksandra Svalova, and James A. Smith
Biogeosciences, 18, 3485–3504, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3485-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3485-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term ocean temperature records are needed to fully understand the impact of West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse. Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are powerful tools for reconstructing ocean temperature but can be difficult to apply to the Southern Ocean. Our results show active GDGT synthesis in relatively warm depths of the ocean. This research improves the application of GDGT palaeoceanographic proxies in the Southern Ocean.
Alec W. Armstrong, Leanne Powers, and Michael Gonsior
Biogeosciences, 18, 3367–3390, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3367-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3367-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Living things decay into organic matter, which can dissolve into water (like tea brewing). Tea receives its color by absorbing light. Similarly, this material absorbs light, which can then cause chemical reactions that change it. By measuring changes in these optical properties, we found that materials from some places are more sensitive to light than others. Comparing sensitivity to light helps us understand where these materials come from and what happens as they move through water.
Ben J. Fisher, Johan C. Faust, Oliver W. Moore, Caroline L. Peacock, and Christian März
Biogeosciences, 18, 3409–3419, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3409-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3409-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Organic carbon can be protected from microbial degradation in marine sediments through association with iron minerals on 1000-year timescales. Despite the importance of this carbon sink, our spatial and temporal understanding of iron-bound organic carbon interactions globally is poor. Here we show that caution must be applied when comparing quantification of iron-bound organic carbon extracted by different methods as the extraction strength and method specificity can be highly variable.
Mark A. Stevenson, Suzanne McGowan, Emma J. Pearson, George E. A. Swann, Melanie J. Leng, Vivienne J. Jones, Joseph J. Bailey, Xianyu Huang, and Erika Whiteford
Biogeosciences, 18, 2465–2485, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2465-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2465-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We link detailed stable isotope and biomarker analyses from the catchments of three Arctic upland lakes on Disko Island (West Greenland) to a recent dated sediment core to understand how carbon cycling has changed over the past ~500 years. We find that the carbon deposited in sediments in these upland lakes is predominately sourced from in-lake production due to the catchment's limited terrestrial vegetation and elevation and that recent increases in algal production link with climate change.
Nadine T. Smit, Laura Villanueva, Darci Rush, Fausto Grassa, Caitlyn R. Witkowski, Mira Holzheimer, Adriaan J. Minnaard, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Stefan Schouten
Biogeosciences, 18, 1463–1479, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1463-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1463-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Soils from an everlasting fire (gas seep) in Sicily, Italy, reveal high relative abundances of novel uncultivated mycobacteria and unique 13C-depleted mycocerosic acids (multi-methyl branched fatty acids) close to the main gas seep. Our results imply that mycocerosic acids in combination with their depleted δ13C values offer a new biomarker tool to study the role of soil mycobacteria as hydrocarbon consumers in the modern and past global carbon cycle.
Marcus P. S. Badger
Biogeosciences, 18, 1149–1160, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1149-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1149-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Reconstructing ancient atmospheric CO2 is an important aim of palaeoclimate science in order to understand the Earth's climate system. One method, the alkenone proxy based on molecular fossils of coccolithophores, has been recently shown to be ineffective at low-to-moderate CO2 levels. In this paper I show that this is likely due to changes in the biogeochemistry of the coccolithophores when there is low carbon availability, but for much of the Cenozoic the alkenone proxy should have utility.
Loes G. J. van Bree, Francien Peterse, Allix J. Baxter, Wannes De Crop, Sigrid van Grinsven, Laura Villanueva, Dirk Verschuren, and Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté
Biogeosciences, 17, 5443–5463, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5443-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5443-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) are used as a paleothermometer based on their temperature dependence in global soils, but aquatic production complicates their use in lakes. BrGDGTs in the water column of Lake Chala, East Africa, respond to oxygen conditions and mixing. Changes in their signal can be linked to bacterial community composition rather than membrane adaptation to changing conditions. Their integrated signal in the sediment reflects mean air temperature.
Alexandra N. Loginova, Andrew W. Dale, Frédéric A. C. Le Moigne, Sören Thomsen, Stefan Sommer, David Clemens, Klaus Wallmann, and Anja Engel
Biogeosciences, 17, 4663–4679, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4663-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4663-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We measured dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (DON) and matter (DOM) optical properties in pore waters and near-bottom waters of the eastern tropical South Pacific off Peru. The difference between diffusion-driven and net fluxes of DOC and DON and qualitative changes in DOM optical properties suggested active microbial utilisation of the released DOM at the sediment–water interface. Our results suggest that the sediment release of DOM contributes to microbial processes in the area.
Gerard J. M. Versteegh, Alexander J. P. Houben, and Karin A. F. Zonneveld
Biogeosciences, 17, 3545–3561, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3545-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3545-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Anoxic sediments mostly contain much more organic matter than oxic ones, and therefore organic matter in anoxic settings is often considered to be preserved better than in oxic settings. However, through the analysis of the same fossil dinoflagellate cyst species from both oxic and anoxic settings, we show that at a molecular level the preservation in the oxic sediments may be better since in the anoxic setting the cyst macromolecule has been altered by postdepositional modification.
Jingjing Guo, Miriam Glendell, Jeroen Meersmans, Frédérique Kirkels, Jack J. Middelburg, and Francien Peterse
Biogeosciences, 17, 3183–3201, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3183-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3183-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The fluxes of soil organic carbon (OC) transport from land to sea are poorly constrained, mostly due to the lack of a specific tracer for soil OC. Here we evaluate the use of specific molecules derived from soil bacteria as a tracer for soil OC in a small river catchment. We find that the initial soil signal is lost upon entering the aquatic environment. However, the local environmental history of the catchment is reflected by these molecules in the lake sediments that act as their sink.
Zhuo-Yi Zhu, Joanne Oakes, Bradley Eyre, Youyou Hao, Edwin Sien Aun Sia, Shan Jiang, Moritz Müller, and Jing Zhang
Biogeosciences, 17, 2473–2485, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2473-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2473-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Samples were collected in August 2016 in the Rajang River and its estuary, with tropical forest in the river basin and peatland in the estuary. Organic matter composition was influenced by transportation in the river basin, whereas peatland added clear biodegraded parts to the fluvial organic matter, which implies modification of the initial lability and/or starting points in the subsequent degradation and alternation processes after the organic matter enters the sea.
Wenjie Xiao, Yasong Wang, Yongsheng Liu, Xi Zhang, Linlin Shi, and Yunping Xu
Biogeosciences, 17, 2135–2148, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2135-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2135-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The hadal zone (6–11 km depth) is the least explored habitat on Earth. We studied microbial branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) in the Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench. One unique feature is the strong predominance of 6-methyl brGDGT, which likely reflects an adaption of brGDGT-producing bacteria to alkaline seawater and low temperature. BrGDGTs, with elemental and isotopic data, suggest an autochthonous product for brGDGT. A new approach is proposed for brGDGT sourcing.
Yuge Bai, Edisson Subdiaga, Stefan B. Haderlein, Heike Knicker, and Andreas Kappler
Biogeosciences, 17, 683–698, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-683-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-683-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Biogeochemical processes of SOM are key for greenhouse gas emission and water quality. We extracted SOM by water or by NaOH–HCl under oxic–anoxic conditions. Chemical and anoxic extractions lead to higher SOM electron exchange capacities, resulting in stimulation of microbial Fe(III) reduction. Therefore, aqueous pH-neutral SOM extracts should be used to reflect environmental SOM redox processes, and artifacts of chemical extractions need to be considered when evaluating SOM redox processes.
Yan Shen, Volker Thiel, Pablo Suarez-Gonzalez, Sebastiaan W. Rampen, and Joachim Reitner
Biogeosciences, 17, 649–666, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-649-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-649-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Today, sterols are widespread in plants, animals, and fungi but are almost absent in the oldest rocks. Microbial mats, representing the earliest complex ecosystems on Earth, were omnipresent in Precambrian marine environments and may have degraded the sterols at that time. Here we analyze the distribution of sterols through a microbial mat. This provides insight into how variations in biological and nonbiological factors affect the preservation of sterols in modern and ancient microbial mats.
Sarah Coffinet, Travis B. Meador, Lukas Mühlena, Kevin W. Becker, Jan Schröder, Qing-Zeng Zhu, Julius S. Lipp, Verena B. Heuer, Matthew P. Crump, and Kai-Uwe Hinrichs
Biogeosciences, 17, 317–330, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-317-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-317-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study deals with two membrane lipids called BDGTs and PDGTs. Membrane lipids are molecules forming the cell envelope of all organisms. Different organisms produce different lipids thus they can be used to detect the presence of specific organisms in the environment. We analyzed the structure of these new lipids and looked for potential producers. We found that they are likely made by microbes emitting methane below the sediment surface and could be used to track these specific microbes.
Ying Wu, Kun Zhu, Jing Zhang, Moritz Müller, Shan Jiang, Aazani Mujahid, Mohd Fakharuddin Muhamad, and Edwin Sien Aun Sia
Biogeosciences, 16, 4517–4533, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4517-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4517-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Our understanding of terrestrial organic matter (TOM) in tropical peat-draining rivers remains limited, especially in Southeast Asia. We explored the characteristics of TOM via bulk parameters and lignin phenols of sediment in Malaysia. This showed that the most important plant source of the organic matter in these rivers is woody angiosperm C3 plants with limited diagenetic alteration. This slower degradation of TOM may be a link to higher total nitrogen content, especially for the small river.
Caitlyn R. Witkowski, Sylvain Agostini, Ben P. Harvey, Marcel T. J. van der Meer, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Stefan Schouten
Biogeosciences, 16, 4451–4461, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4451-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4451-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon dioxide concentrations (pCO2) in the atmosphere play an integral role in Earth system dynamics, especially climate. Past climates help us understand future ones, but reconstructing pCO2 over the geologic record remains a challenge. This research demonstrates new approaches for exploring past pCO2 via the carbon isotope fractionation in general algal lipids, which we test over a high CO2 gradient from a naturally occurring CO2 seep.
Yongli Zhou, Patrick Martin, and Moritz Müller
Biogeosciences, 16, 2733–2749, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2733-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2733-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We found that peatlands in coastal Sarawak, Borneo, export extremely humified organic matter, which dominates the riverine organic matter pool and conservatively mixes with seawater, while the freshly produced fraction is low and stable in concentration at all salinities. We estimated that terrigenous fractions, which showed high photolability, still account for 20 % of the coastal dissolved organic carbon pool, implying the importance of peat-derived organic matter in the coastal carbon cycle.
Kristin Doering, Claudia Ehlert, Philippe Martinez, Martin Frank, and Ralph Schneider
Biogeosciences, 16, 2163–2180, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2163-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2163-2019, 2019
Alexandra N. Loginova, Sören Thomsen, Marcus Dengler, Jan Lüdke, and Anja Engel
Biogeosciences, 16, 2033–2047, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2033-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2033-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
High primary production in the Peruvian upwelling system is followed by rapid heterotrophic utilization of organic matter and supports the formation of one of the most intense oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) in the world. Here, we estimated vertical fluxes of oxygen and dissolved organic matter (DOM) from the surface to the OMZ. Our results suggest that DOM remineralization substantially reduces oxygen concentration in the upper water column and controls the shape of the upper oxycline.
Carolina Cisternas-Novoa, Frédéric A. C. Le Moigne, and Anja Engel
Biogeosciences, 16, 927–947, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-927-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-927-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the composition and vertical fluxes of POM in two deep basins of the Baltic Sea (GB: Gotland Basin and LD: Landsort Deep). The two basins showed different O2 regimes resulting from the intrusion of oxygen-rich water from the North Sea that ventilated the deep waters in GB, but not in LD.
In GB, O2 intrusions lead to a high abundance of manganese oxides that aggregate with POM, altering its composition and vertical flux and contributing to a higher POC transfer efficiency in GB.
Marina Zamanillo, Eva Ortega-Retuerta, Sdena Nunes, Pablo Rodríguez-Ros, Manuel Dall'Osto, Marta Estrada, Maria Montserrat Sala, and Rafel Simó
Biogeosciences, 16, 733–749, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-733-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-733-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Many marine microorganisms produce polysaccharide-rich transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) for rather unknown reasons but with important consequences for the ocean carbon cycle, sea–air gas exchange and formation of organic aerosols. Here we compare surface–ocean distributions of TEPs and physical, chemical and biological variables along a N–S transect in the Atlantic Ocean. Our data suggest that phytoplankton and not bacteria are the main TEP producers, and solar radiation acts as a sink.
Michael Philben, Sara Butler, Sharon A. Billings, Ronald Benner, Kate A. Edwards, and Susan E. Ziegler
Biogeosciences, 15, 6731–6746, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6731-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6731-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We explored the relationship between chemical composition and the temperature sensitivity of moss decomposition using 959-day lab incubations. Mass loss was low despite the predominance of carbohydrates, indicating the persistence of labile C. Scanning electron microscopy revealed little change in the moss cell-wall structure. These results suggest that the moss cell-wall matrix protects labile C from decomposition, contributing to the globally important stocks of moss-derived C.
Yinghui Wang, Robert G. M. Spencer, David C. Podgorski, Anne M. Kellerman, Harunur Rashid, Phoebe Zito, Wenjie Xiao, Dandan Wei, Yuanhe Yang, and Yunping Xu
Biogeosciences, 15, 6637–6648, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6637-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6637-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
With global warming, thawing of permafrost releases dissolved organic matter (DOM) into streams. By analyzing DOM along an alpine stream on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, we found DOM was mainly from the active layer, but with deepening of the active layer, the contribution of the deep permafrost layer increased, causing a change in the chemical composition of DOM. From the head- to downstream, DOM is undergoing rapid degradation, but some components are persistent and can be transported downstream.
Sergio Balzano, Julie Lattaud, Laura Villanueva, Sebastiaan W. Rampen, Corina P. D. Brussaard, Judith van Bleijswijk, Nicole Bale, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Stefan Schouten
Biogeosciences, 15, 5951–5968, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5951-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5951-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We tried to identify the microbes which biosynthesize a class of lipids widespread in seawater, the long chain alkyl diols (LCDs). We could not find any microorganism likely involved in the production of LCDs. The amounts of LCDs found are too high to be produced by living organisms and are likely to be part of the refractory organic matter persisting for long periods in the water column.
Julie Lattaud, Frédérique Kirkels, Francien Peterse, Chantal V. Freymond, Timothy I. Eglinton, Jens Hefter, Gesine Mollenhauer, Sergio Balzano, Laura Villanueva, Marcel T. J. van der Meer, Ellen C. Hopmans, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Stefan Schouten
Biogeosciences, 15, 4147–4161, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4147-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4147-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Long-chain diols (LCDs) are biomarkers that occur widespread in marine environments and also in lakes and rivers. In this study, we looked at the distribution of LCDs in three river systems (Godavari, Danube, and Rhine) in relation to season, precipitation, and temperature. We found out that the LCDs are likely being produced in calm areas of the river systems and that marine LCDs have a different distribution than riverine LCDs.
Marcel Bliedtner, Imke K. Schäfer, Roland Zech, and Hans von Suchodoletz
Biogeosciences, 15, 3927–3936, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3927-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3927-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we systematically analyze leaf wax derived n-alkane patterns in eastern Georgia to test their potential for paleoenvironmental reconstructions in the semi-humid to semi-arid central southern Caucasus region. We investigated the influence of vegetation types on the leaf wax signal in modern plants and topsoil material. Our results show distinct and systematic differences in the n-alkane patterns between vegetation types and prove their potential for vegetation reconstructions.
Mathieu Rembauville, Stéphane Blain, Clara Manno, Geraint Tarling, Anu Thompson, George Wolff, and Ian Salter
Biogeosciences, 15, 3071–3084, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3071-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3071-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Sinking phytoplankton from the surface ocean provide the principal energy source to deep-ocean ecosystems. Our aim was to understand how different phytoplankton communities impact the chemical nature of this sinking material. We show certain types of phytoplankton can preferentially export energy-rich storage compounds to the seafloor. Any climate-driven effects on phytoplankton community structure could thus impact remote deep-ocean ecosystems thousands of kilometres beneath the surface.
Xiaocong Wei, Xiangwen Deng, Wenhua Xiang, Pifeng Lei, Shuai Ouyang, Hongfang Wen, and Liang Chen
Biogeosciences, 15, 2991–3002, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2991-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2991-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Karst is a kind of typical calcium-rich environment, which is widely distributed. We measured the Ca2+ content of 41 plant species, as well as soil total Ca2+ and exchange Ca2+. We found out that different plants have different ways to high Ca2+ adaptation. According to the different high Ca2+ adaptation of the 17 dominant species, we divided them into 3 categories: Ca-indifferent plants, high-Ca plants and low-Ca plants. Our results can provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration.
Changchun Huang, Quanliang Jiang, Ling Yao, Hao Yang, Chen Lin, Tao Huang, A-Xing Zhu, and Yimin Zhang
Biogeosciences, 15, 1827–1841, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1827-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1827-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The latitudinal dependency of POC / PON in ocean and inland water is significant, regulated by trophic state and climate, etc. factors. POC / PON significantly increased from coastal water (6.89 ± 2.38) to open ocean (7.59 ± 4.22) with the increasing rate of 0.0024 / km. The re-examination of the global relationship between, and variations in, POC and PON could be important for the global and regional coupling between the carbon and nitrogen cycles in the ocean and freshwater.
Nicole J. Bale, Tracy A. Villareal, Ellen C. Hopmans, Corina P. D. Brussaard, Marc Besseling, Denise Dorhout, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Stefan Schouten
Biogeosciences, 15, 1229–1241, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1229-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1229-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Associations between diatoms and N-fixing cyanobacteria (diatom–diazotroph associations, DDAs) play an important role in the N cycle of the tropical North Atlantic. Heterocysts are the site of N fixation and contain unique glycolipids. We measured these glycolipids in the water column and surface sediment from the tropical North Atlantic. We found a significant correlation between the concentration of glycolipid and of DDAs, strengthening their application as biomarkers.
Laurent Jeanneau, Richard Rowland, and Shreeram Inamdar
Biogeosciences, 15, 973–985, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-973-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-973-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The source of particulate organic matter in headwaters during storm events remains an open question. We use the molecular composition of organic matter sampled during four spring–summer storms and compare it to potential sources. We identify litter, streambed and vicinal soils as the main sources of particulate organic matter. Their proportions depend on (i) the size of the catchment and (ii) the rain event.
Cited articles
Andreev, A. A., Grosse, G., Schirrmeister, L., Kuzmina, S. A., Novenko, E.
Y., Bobrov, A. A., Tarasov, P. E., Ilyashuk, B. P., Kuznetsova, T. V.,
Brbetschek, M., Meyer, H., and Kunitsky, V. V.: Late Saalian and Eemian
palaeoenvironmental history of the Bol'shoy;shoy Lyakhovsky
Island (Laptev Sea region, Arctic Siberia), Boreas, 33, 319–348, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2004.tb01244.x, 2004.
Andreev, A. A., Grosse, G., Schirrmeister, L., Kuznetsova, T. V., Kuzmina,
S. A , Bobrov, A. A., Tarasov, P. E., Novenko, E. Y., Meyer, H., Derevyagin,
A. Y., Kienast, F., Bryantseva, A., and Kunitsky, V. V.: Weichselian and
Holocene palaeoenvironmental history of the Bol'shoy
Lyakhovsky Island, New Siberian Archipelago, Arctic Siberia, Boreas, 38,
72–110, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2008.00039.x, 2009.
Andreev, A. A., Schirrmeister, L., Tarasov, P. E., Ganopolski, A., Brovkin,
V., Siegert, C., Wetterich, S., and Hubberten, H.-W.: Vegetation and climate
history in the Laptev Sea region (Arctic Siberia) during Late Quaternary
inferred from pollen records, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 30, 2182–2199,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.12.026, 2011.
Anisimov, O. A.: Potential feedback of thawing permafrost to the global
climate system through methane emission, Environ. Res. Lett.,
2, 045016, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/2/4/045016, 2007.
Arkhangelov, A., Mikhalev, D., and Nikolaev, V.: Reconstruction of formation
conditions of permafrost and climates in Northern Eurasia, History of
Permafrost Regions and Periglacial Zones of Northern Eurasia and Conditions
of Old Human Settlement, edited by: Velichko, A. A., Arkhangelov, A. A., Borisova, O. K.,
Gribchenko, Yu. N., Drenova, A. N., Yelikson, Ye. M., Kursenkova, E. I., Mikhaelev, D. V., Nikolaev, V. I., Novenko, E. Yu., and Timireva, S. N., 85–109, Institut of Geography, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, 1996 (in Russian).
Balba, M. T. and Nedwell, D. B.: Microbial metabolism of acetate, propionate
and butyrate in anoxic sediment from Colne Point Saltmarsch, Essex, U.K.,
J. Gen. Microbiol., 128, 1415–1422, https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-128-7-1415, 1982.
Behar, F., Beaumont, V., and Penteado, H. D. B.: Rock-Eval 6 technology:
performances and developments, Oil Gas Sci. Technol., 56,
111–134, https://doi.org/10.2516/ogst:2001013, 2001.
Bischoff, J., Mangelsdorf, K., Gattinger, A., Schloter, M., Kurchatova, A.
N., Herzschuh, U., and Wagner, D.: Response of methanogenic archaea to Late
Pleistocene and Holocene climate changes in the Siberian Arctic, Global
Biogeochem. Cy., 27, 305–317, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004238, 2013.
Bischoff, J., Mangelsdorf, K., Schwamborn, G., and Wagner, D.: Impact of
Lake-Level and Climate Changes on Microbial Communities in a Terrestrial
Permafrost Sequence of the El'gygytgyn Crater, Far East Russian Arctic,
Permafrost Periglac., 25, 107–116, https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1807,
2014.
Bligh, E. G. and Dyer, W. J.: A rapid method of total lipid extraction and
purification, Can. J. Biochem. Phys., 37,
911–917, https://doi.org/10.1139/o59-099, 1959.
Bond, G., Kromer, B., Beer, J., Muscheler, R., Evans, M. N., Showers, W.,
Hoffmann, S., Lotti-Bond, R., Hajdas, I., and Bonani, G.: Persistent solar
influence on North Atlantic climate during the Holocene, Science, 294,
2130–2136, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1065680, 2001.
Chapin III, F. S., Sturm, M., Serreze, C. M., McFadden, J. P., Key, J. R.,
Lloyd, A. H., McGuire, A. D., Rupp, T. S., Lynch, A. H., Schimel, J. P.,
Beringer, J., Chapman, W. L., Epstein, H. E., Euskirchen, E. S., Hinzman, L.
D., Jia, G., Ping, C. L., Tape, K. D., Thompson, C. D. C., Walker, A. D., and
Welker, J. M.: Role of Land-Surface Changes in Arctic Summer Warming,
Science, 310, 657–660, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1117368, 2005.
Chin, K.-J. and Conrad, R.: Intermediary metabolism in methanogenic paddy
soil and the influence of temperature, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 18,
85–102, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1995.tb00166.x, 1995.
Dahl-Jensen, D., Albert, M., Aldahan, A., Azuma, N., Balslev-Clausen, D.,
Baumgartner, M., Berggren, A.-M., Bigler, M., Binder, T., and Blunier, T.:
Eemian interglacial reconstructed from a Greenland folded ice core, Nature,
493, 489–494, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11789, 2013.
Davidson, E. A. and Janssens, I. A.: Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon
decomposition and feedbacks to climate change, Nature, 440, 165–73,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04514, 2006.
Dutta, K., Schuur, E. A. G., Neff, J. C., and Zimov, S. A.: Potential carbon
release from permafrost soils of Northeastern Siberia, Global Change
Biol., 12, 2336–2351, 2006.
Eglinton, T. I., Sinninghe Damsté, J. S., Kohnen, M. E., and de Leeuw, J.
W.: Rapid estimation of the organic sulphur content of kerogens, coals and
asphaltenes by pyrolysis-gas chromatography, Fuel, 69, 1394–1404, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(90)90121-6, 1990.
French, H. M.: The periglacial environment 3rd ed., John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd, UK, 2007.
Ganzert, L., Jurgens, G., Munster, U., and Wagner, D.: Methanogenic communities
in permafrost-affected soils of the Laptev Sea coast, Siberian Arctic,
characterized by 16S rRNA gene fingerprints, FEMS microbiology ecology, 59, 476–488, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00205.x, 2007.
Glombitza, C., Mangelsdorf, K., and Horsfield, B.: Maturation related changes
in the distribution of ester bound fatty acids and alcohols in a coal series
from the New Zealand Coal Band covering diagenetic to catagenetic
coalification levels, Org. Geochem., 40, 1063–1073, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.07.008, 2009a.
Glombitza, C., Mangelsdorf, K., and Horsfield, B.: A novel procedure to
detect low molecular weight compounds released by alkaline ester cleavage
from low maturity coals to assess its feedstock potential for deep microbial
life, Org. Geochem., 40, 175–183, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.11.003, 2009b.
Grosse, G., Schirrmeister, L., Siegert, C., Kunitsky, V. V., Slagoda, E. A.,
Andreev, A. A., and Dereviagyn, A. Y.: Geological and geomorphological
evolution of a sedimentary periglacial landscape in Northeast Siberia during
the Late Quaternary, Geomorphology, 86, 25–51, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.08.005, 2007.
Grosse, G., Romanovsky, V., Jorgenson, T., Anthony, K. W., Brown, J.,
Overduin, P. P., and Wegener, A.: Vulnerability and feedbacks of permafrost
to climate change, EOS, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 92, 73–74,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011eo090001, 2011.
Grosse, G., Robinson, J. E., Bryant, R., Taylor, M. D., Harper, W., DeMasi,
A., Kyker-Snowman, E., Veremeeva, A., Schirrmeister, L., and Harden, J.:
Digital database of the distribution of late Pleistocene ice-rich syngenetic
permafrost of the Yedoma Suite in East and Central Siberia, Russia, U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report, 1078, 1–37, 2013.
Haack, S. K., Garchow, H., Odelson, D. A., Forney, L. J., and Klug, M. J.:
Accuracy, Reproducibility, and Interpretation of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester
Profiles of Model Bacterial Communities, Appl. Environ.
Microb., 60, 2483–2493, 1994.
Hedges, J. I., Eglinton, G., Hatcher, P. G., Kirchman, D. L., Arnosti, C.,
Derenne, S., Evershed, R. P., Kögel-Knabner, I., de Leeuw, J. W.,
Littke, R., Michaelis, W., and Rullkötter, J.: The
molecularly-uncharacterized component of nonliving organic matter in natural
environments, Org. Geochem., 31, 945–958, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(00)00096-6, 2000.
Hopmans, E. C., Weijers, J. W. H., Schefuss, E., Herfort, L., Sinninghe
Damsté, J. S., and Schouten, S.: A novel proxy for terrestrial organic matter
in sediments based on branched and isoprenoid tetraether lipids, Earth
Planet. Sc. Lett., 24, 107–116, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2004.05.012,
2004.
Horsfield, B., Disko, U., and Leistner, F.: The micro-scale simulation of
maturation: outline of a new technique and its potential applications,
Geologische Rundschau, 78, 361–373, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01988370, 1989.
Hubberten, H. W., Andreev, A. A., Astakhov, V. I., Demidov, I., Dowdeswell,
J. A., Henriksen, M., Hjort, C., Houmark-Nielsen, M., Jakobsson, M.,
Kuzmina, S., Larsen, E., Lunkka, J. P., Lysa, A., Mangerud, J., Möller,
P., Saarnistov, M., Schirrmeister, L., Sher, A. V., Siegert, C., Siegert, M.
J., and Svendsen, J. I.: The periglacial climate and environment in northern
Eurasia during the Last Glaciation, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 23,
1333–1357, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.12.012, 2004.
Hugelius, G., Strauss, J., Zubrzycki, S., Harden, J. W., Schuur, E. A. G., Ping, C.-L.,
Schirrmeister, L., Grosse, G., Michaelson, G. J., Koven, C. D., O'Donnell, J. A.,
Elberling, B., Mishra, U., Camill, P., Yu, Z., Palmtag, J., and Kuhry, P.:
Estimated stocks of circumpolar permafrost carbon with quantified uncertainty
ranges and identified data gaps, Biogeosciences, 11, 6573–6593, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6573-2014, 2014.
Ilyashuk, B. P., Andreev, A. A., Bobrov, A. A., Tumskoy, V. E., and Ilyashuk,
E. A.: Interglacial History of a Palaeo-lake and Regional Environment: A
Multi-proxy Study of a Permafrost Deposit from Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island,
Arctic Siberia, J. Paleolimnol., 35, 855–872, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-005-5859-6, 2006.
Ivarson, K. and Stevenson, I.: The decomposition of radioactive acetate in
soils: II. The distribution of radioactivity in soil organic fractions,
Can. J. Microbiol., 10, 677–682, https://doi.org/10.1139/m64-087,
1964.
Kienast, F., Tarasov, P., Schirrmeister, L., Grosse, G., and Andreev, A. A.:
Continental climate in the East Siberian Arctic during the last
interglacial: Implications from palaeobotanical records, Global
Planet. Change, 60, 535–562, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.07.004,
2008.
Kienast, F., Wetterich, S., Kuzmina, S., Schirrmeister, L., Andrev, A.,
Tarasov, P., Nazarova, L., Kossler, A., Frolova, A., and Kunitsky, V. V.:
Paleontological records indicate the occurrence of open woodlands in a dry
inland climate at the present-day Arctic coast in western Beringia during
the last interglacial, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 30, 2134–2159,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.11.024, 2011.
Knoblauch, C., Beer, C., Sosnin, A., Wagner, D., and Pfeiffer, E.-M.:
Predicting long-term carbon mineralization and trace gas production from
thawing permafrost of Northeast Siberia, Global Change Biol., 19, 1160–1172,
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12116, 2013.
Knorr, W., Prentice, I. C., House, J. I., and Holland, E. A.: Long-term
sensitivity of soil carbon turnover to warming, Nature, 433, 298–301,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03226, 2005.
Kobabe, S., Wagner, D., and Pfeiffer, E.-M.: Characterisation of microbial
community composition of a Siberian tundra soil by fluorescence in situ
hybridisation, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 50, 13–23, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2004.05.003, 2004.
Koga, Y. and Morii, H.: Special methods for the analysis of ether lipid
structure and metabolism in archaea, Anal. Biochem., 348, 1–14,
2006.
Koga, Y., Nishihara, M., Morii, H., and Akagawa-Matshushita, M.: Ether Polar
Lipids of Methanogenic Bacteria: Structures, Comparative Aspects, and
Biosyntheses, Microbiol. Rev., 57, 164–182, 1993.
Kolattukudy, P. E.: Biopolyester membranes of plants: cutin and suberin,
Science, 208, 990–1000, 1980.
Koven, C. D., Ringeval, B., Friedlingstein, P., Ciais, P., Cadule, P.,
Khvorostyanov, D. V., Krinner, G., and Tarnocai, C.: Permafrost
carbon-climate feedbacks accelerate global warming, P.
Natl. Acad. Sci., 108, 14769–14774, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1103910108, 2011.
Kuhry, P., Ping, C. L., Schuur, E. A., Tarnocai, C., and Zimov, S.: Report
from the International Permafrost Association: carbon pools in permafrost
regions, Permafrost Periglac., 20, 229–234, https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.648, 2009.
Lee, H., Schuur, E. A. G., Inglett, K. S., Lavoie, M., and Chanton, J. P.:
The rate of permafrost carbon release under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
and its potential effects on climate, Global Change Biol., 18, 515–527,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02519.x, 2012.
Lipson, D. A., Zona, D., Raab, T. K., Bozzolo, F., Mauritz, M., and Oechel, W. C.:
Water-table height and microtopography control biogeochemical cycling
in an Arctic coastal tundra ecosystem, Biogeosciences, 9, 577–591, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-577-2012, 2012.
Logemann, J., Graue, J., Köster, J., Engelen, B., Rullkötter, J., and
Cypionka, H.: A laboratory experiment of intact polar lipid degradation
in sandy sediments, Biogeosciences, 8, 2547–2560, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-2547-2011, 2011.
Mangelsdorf, K. and Stapel, J. G.: Bulk parameter data, formate and acetate
data and microbial life and past biomarkers from Eemian to Holocene permafrost core material drilled on Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island (Siberia) within the CARBOPERM project, PANGAEA,
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.887781, 2018.
McGuire, A. D., Anderson, L. G., Christensen, T. R., Dallimore, S., Guo, L.,
Hayes, D. J., Heimann, M., Lorenson, T. D., Macdonald, R. W., and Roulet, N.:
Sensitivity of the carbon cycle in the Arctic to climate change, Ecological
Monographs, 97, 523–555, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-2025.1, 2009.
Meyer, H., Dereviagin, A., Siegert, C., Schirrmeister, L., and Hubberten,
H.-W.: Palaeoclimate reconstruction on Big Lyakhovsky Island, north Siberia
– hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in ice wedges, Permafrost Periglac., 13, 91–105, https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.416, 2002.
Mu, C., Zhang, T., Schuster, P. F., Schaefer, K., Wickland, K. P., Repert,
A. D., Liu, L., Schaefer, T., and Cheng, G.: Carbon and geochemical
properties of cryosols on the North Slope of Alaska, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 100, 59–67, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2014.01.001, 2014.
Mueller, C. W., Rethemeyer, J., Kao-Kniffin, J., Loppmann, S., Hinkel, K. M.,
and Bockheim, G.: Large amounts of labile organic carbon in permafrost soils
of northern Alaska, Glob Chang Biol., 21, 2804–2817, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12876, 2015.
Müller, K. D., Schmid, E. N., and Kroppenstedt, R. M.: Improved
identification of mycobateria by using the microbial identification system
in combination with additional trimethylsulfonium hydroxide pyrolysis,
J. Clin. Microbiol., 36, 2477–2480, 1998.
Opel, T., Wetterich, S., Meyer, H., Dereviagin, A. Y., Fuchs, M. C., and Schirrmeister, L.:
Ground-ice stable isotopes and cryostratigraphy reflect late
Quaternary palaeoclimate in the Northeast Siberian Arctic
(Oyogos Yar coast, Dmitry Laptev Strait), Clim. Past, 13, 587–611, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-587-2017, 2017.
Pancost, R. D., Hopmans, E. C., and Sinninghe Damste, J. S.: Archaeal lipids
in Mediterranean cold seeps: molecular proxies for anaerobic methane
oxidation, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 65, 1611–1627, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00562-7, 2001.
Pancost, R. D., McClymont, E. L., Bingham, E. M., Roberts, Z., Charman, D.
J., Hornibrook, E. R. C., Blundell, A., Chambers, F. M., Lim, K. L. H., and
Evershed, R. P.: Archaeol as a methanogen biomarker in ombrotrophic bogs,
Org. Geochem., 42, 1279–1287, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2011.07.003, 2011.
Parlange, J.-Y.: Theory of water-movement in soils: I. one-demensional
absorption, Soil Sci., 111, 134–137, 1971.
Pease, T. K., Van Vleet, E. S., Barre, J. S., and Dickins, H. D.: Simulated
degradation of glyceryl ethers by hydrous and flash pyrolysis, Org. Geochem., 29, 979–988, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00047-3, 1998.
Peterse, F., Vonk, J. E., Holmes, R. M., Giosan, L., Zimov, N., and Eglinton,
T. I.: Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers in Arctic lake
sediments: Source and implications for paleothermometry at high latitudes,
J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci., 119, 1738–1754, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JG002639, 2014.
Radke, M., Willsch, H., and Welte, D. H.: Preparative hydrocarbon group type
determination by automated medium pressure liquid chromatography, Anal.
Chem., 52, 406–411, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50053a009, 1980.
Romanovsky, V. E., Drozdov, D. S., Oberman, N. G., Malkova, G. V., Kholodov,
A. L., Marchenko, S. S., Moskalenko, N. G., Sergeev, D. O., Ukraintseva, N.
G., Abramov, A. A., Gilichinsky, D. A., and Vasiliev, A. A.: Thermal state of
permafrost in Russia, Permafrost Periglac., 21, 136–155,
https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.683, 2010.
Sansone, F. J. and Martens, C. S.: Methane production from acetate and
associated methane fluxes from anoxic coastal sediments, Science, 211,
707–709, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.211.4483.707, 1981.
Schadel, C., Schuur, E. A. G., Bracho, R., Elberling, B., Knoblauch, C.,
Lee, H., Luo, Y., Shaver, G. R., and Turetsky, M. R.: Circumpolar assessment
of permafrost C quality and its vulnerability over time using long-term
incubation data, Global Change Biol., 20, 641–52, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12417,
2014.
Schennen, S., Tronicke, J., Wetterich, S., Allroggen, N., Schwamborn, G., and
Schirrmeister, L.: 3D ground-penetrating radar imaging of ice complex
deposits in northern East Siberia, Geophysics, 81, WA195–WA202, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2015-0129.1, 2016
Schimel, J. and Schaeffer, S.: Microbial control over carbon cycling in
soil, Front. Microbiol., 3, 155–165, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2012.00348,
2012.
Schirrmeister, L., Siegert, C., Kuznetsova, T. V., Kuzmina, S. A., Andreev,
A. A., Kienast, F., Meyer, H., and Bobrov, A. A.: Paleoenvironmental and
paleoclimatic records from permafrost deposits in the Arctic region of
Northern Siberia, Quatern. Int., 89, 97–118, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6182(01)00083-0, 2002.
Schirrmeister, L., Grosse, G., Wetterich, S., Overduin, P. P., Strauss, J.,
Schuur, E. A. G., and Hubberten, H.-W.: Fossil organic matter characteristics
in permafrost deposits of the northeast Siberian Arctic, J.
Geophys. Res., 116, G00M02, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001647, 2011a.
Schirrmeister, L., Kunitsky, V., Grosse, G., Wetterich, S., Meyer, H.,
Schwamborn, G., Babiy, O., Derevyagin, A., and Siegert, C.: Sedimentary
characteristics and origin of the Late Pleistocene Ice Complex on north-east
Siberian Arctic coastal lowlands and islands – A review, Quatern. Int., 241, 3–25, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2010.04.004, 2011b.
Schirrmeister, L., Froese, D., Tumskoy, V., Grosse, G., and Wetterich, S.:
Yedoma: Late Pleistocene Ice-Rich Syngenetic Permafrost of Beringia, in: The Encyclopedia of Quaternary
Science, edited by:
Elias, S. A., 3, 542–552, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53643-3.00106-0, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2013.
Schmidt, M. W., Torn, M. S., Abiven, S., Dittmar, T., Guggenberger, G.,
Janssens, I. A., Kleber, M., Kogel-Knabner, I., Lehmann, J., Manning, D. A.,
Nannipieri, P., Rasse, D. P., Weiner, S., and Trumbore, S. E.: Persistence of
soil organic matter as an ecosystem property, Nature, 478, 49–56, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10386, 2011.
Schouten, S., Hopmans, E. C., and Sinninghe Damsté, J. S.: The organic
geochemistry of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether lipids: A review,
Org. Geochem., 54, 19–61, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2012.09.006, 2013.
Schuur, E. A., Bockheim, J., Canadell, J. G., Euskirchen, E., Field, C. B.,
Goryachkin, S. V., Hagemann, S., Kuhry, P., Lafleur, P. M., Lee, H.,
Mazhitova, G., Nelson, F. G., Rinke, A., Romanovsky, V. E., Shiklomanov, N.,
Tarnocai, C., Venevsky, S., Vogel, J. G., and Zimov, S. A.: Vulnerability of
Permafrost Carbon to climate Change: Implications for the Global Carbon
Cycle, BioScience, 58, 701–714, https://doi.org/10.1641/B580807, 2008.
Schuur, E. A., McGuire, A. D., Schädel, C., Grosse, G., Harden, W. J.,
Hayes, D. J., Hugelius, G., Koven, C. D., Kuhry, P., Lawrence, D. M.,
Natali, S. M., Olefeldt, D., Romanovsky, V. E., Schaefer, K., Turetsky, M.
R., Treat, C. C., and Vonk, J. E.: Climate change and the permafrost carbon
feedback, Nature, 520, 171–179, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14338, 2015.
Schwamborn, G. and Wetterich, S.: Russian-German Cooperation CARBOPERM:
Field campaigns to Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island in 2014,
Berichte zur Polar-und Meeresforschung, Alfred Wegener Insitute for Polar
and Marine Research, Germany, https://doi.org/10.2312/BzPM_0686_2015, 2015.
Shackleton, N. J., Sánchez-Goñi, M. F., Pailler, D., and Lancelot,
Y.: Marine Isotope Substage 5e and the Eemian Interglacial, Global
Planet. Change, 36, 151–155, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00181-9, 2003.
Sher, A. V., Kuzmina, S. A., Kuznetsova, T. V., and Sulerzhitsky, L. D.: New
insights into the Weichselian environment and climate of the East Siberian
Arctic, derived from fossil insects, plants, and mammals, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 24, 533–569, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.09.007, 2005.
Sørensen, L. H. and Paul, E.: Transformation of acetate carbon into
carbohydrate and amino acid metabolites during decomposition in soil, Soil
Biol. Biochem., 3, 173–180, https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(71)90012-5,
1971.
Stapel, J. G., Schirrmeister, L., Overduin, P. P., Wetterich, S., Strauss,
J., Horsfield, B., and Mangelsdorf, K.: Microbial lipid signatures and
substrate potential of organic matter in permafrost deposits: Implications
for future greenhouse gas production, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci., 121, 2652–2666, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003483, 2016.
Strauss, J., Schirrmeister, L., Mangelsdorf, K., Eichhorn, L., Wetterich, S.,
and Herzschuh, U.: Organic-matter quality of deep permafrost carbon – a study
from Arctic Siberia, Biogeosciences, 12, 2227–2245, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2227-2015, 2015.
Thauer, R. K.: Biochemistry of methanogenesis: atribute to Marjory
Stephenson, Microbiology+, 144, 2377–2406, 1998.
Treat, C. C., Natali, S. M., Ernakovich, J., Iversen, C. M., Lupascu, M.,
McGuire, A. D., Norby, R. J., Roy Chowdhury, T., Richter, A., Santruckova,
H., Schadel, C., Schuur, E. A., Sloan, V. L., Turetsky, M. R., and Waldrop,
M. P.: A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH4 and CO2 production from anoxic soil
incubations, Global Change Biol., 21, 2787–2803, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12875, 2015.
Vishnivetskaya, T. A.: Viable Cyanobacteria and Green Algae from the
Permafrost Darkness, in: Permafrost Soils, edited by: Margesin, R., Soil Biology,
vol 16, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009.
Wagner, D. and Pfeiffer, E.-M.: Two temperature optima of methane production
in a typical soil of the Elbe river marshland, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol.,
22, 145–153, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1997.tb00366.x, 1997.
Wagner, D., Wille, C., Kobabe, S., and Pfeiffer, E.-M.: Simulation of
freezing-thawing cycles in a permafrost microcosm for assessing microbial
methane production under extreme conditions, Permafrost Periglac., 14, 367–374, https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.468, 2003.
Wagner, D., Gattinger, A., Embacher, A., Pfeiffer, E.-M., Schloter, M., and
Lipski, A.: Methanogenic activity and biomass in Holocene permafrost
deposits of the Lena Delta, Siberian Arctic and its implication for the
global methane budget, Global Change Biol., 13, 1089–1099, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01331.x, 2007.
Waldrop, M. P., Wickland, K. P., White III, R., Berhe, A. A., Harden, J. W.,
and Romanovsky, V. E.: Molecular investigations into a globally important
carbon pool: Permafrost-protected carbon in Alaskan soils, Global Change Biol., 16, 2543–2554, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02141.x, 2010.
Walz, J., Knoblauch, C., Böhme, L., and Pfeiffer, E. M.: Regulation of
soil organic matter decomposition in permafrost-affected Siberian tundra
soils - Impact of oxygen availability, freezing and thawing, temperature,
and labile organic matter, Soil Biol. Biochem., 110, 34–43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.03.001, 2017.
Washburn, A. L.: Permafrost Features as Evidence of Climatic Change,
Earth-Sci. Rev., 15, 327–402, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-8252(80)90114-2, 1980.
Weijers, J. W., Schouten, S., Hopmans, E. C., Geenevasen, J. A., David, O.
R., Coleman, J. M., Pancost, R. D., and Sinninghe Damste, J. S.: Membrane
lipids of mesophilic anaerobic bacteria thriving in peats have typical
archaeal traits, Environ. Microbiol., 8, 648–657, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2005.00941.x, 2006a.
Weijers, J. W. H., Schouten, S., Spaargaren, O. C., and Sinninghe Damsté, J. S.:
Occurrence and distribution of tetraether membrane lipids in soils:
Implications for the use of the TEX86 proxy and the BIT index, Org. Geochem., 37, 1680–1693, 2006b.
Wetterich, S., Kuzmina, S., Andreev, A. A., Kienast, F., Meyer, H.,
Schirrmeister, L., Kuznetsova, T., and Sierralta, M.: Palaeoenvironmental
dynamics inferred from late Quaternary permafrost deposits on Kurungnakh
Island, Lena Delta, Northeast Siberia, Russia, Quaternary Sci. Rev.,
27, 1523–1540, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.04.007, 2008.
Wetterich, S., Schirrmeister, L., Andreev, A. A., Pudenz, M., Plessen, B.,
Meyer, H., and Kunitsky, V. V.: Eemian and Late Glacial/Holocene
palaeoenvironmental records from permafrost sequences at the Dmitry Laptev
Strait (NE Siberia, Russia), Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 279, 73–95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.05.002, 2009.
Wetterich, S., Rudaya, N., Tumskoy, V., Andreev, A. A., Opel, T.,
Schirrmeister, L., and Meyer, H.: Last Glacial Maximum records in permafrost
of the East Siberian Arctic, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 30,
3139–3151, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.07.020, 2011.
Wetterich, S., Tumskoy, V., Rudaya, N., Andreev, A. A., Opel, T., Meyer, H.,
Schirrmeister, L., and Hüls, M.: Ice Complex formation in arctic East
Siberia during the MIS3 Interstadial, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 84, 39–55,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.11.009, 2014.
Wetterich, S., Tumskoy, V., Rudaya, N., Kuznetsov, V., Maksimov, F., Opel,
T., Meyer, H., Andreev, A. A., and Schirrmeister, L.: Ice Complex permafrost
of MIS5 age in the Dmitry Laptev Strait coastal region (East Siberian
Arctic), Quaternary Sci. Rev., 147, 298–311, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.11.016, 2016.
White, D. C., Davis, W. M., Nickels, J. S., King, J. D., and Bobbie, R. J.:
Determination of the sedimentary microbial biomass by extractible lipid
phosphate, Oecologia, 40, 51–62, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00388810, 1979.
White, R. E.: Principles and practice of soil science: the soil as a natural
resource, John Wiley & Sons, Blackwell, Oxford, 2013.
Xue, K., Yuan, M. M., Shi, Z. J., Qin, Y., Deng, Y., Cheng, L., Liyou, W.,
He, Z., Van Nostrand, J. D., Bracho, R., Natali, S., Schuur, E. A., Luo, C.,
Konstantinidis, K. T., Wang, Q., Cole, C. R., Tiedje, J., Luo, Y., and Zhou,
J.: Tundra soil carbon is vulnerable to rapid microbial decomposition under
climate warming, Nat. Clim. Change, 6, 595–600, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2940, 2016.
Zelles, L.: Fatty acid patterns of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides in
the characterisation of microbial communities in soil: a review, Biol.
Fertil.
Soils, 29, 111–129, https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740050533, 1999.
Zimov, S. A., Davydov, S. P., Zimova, G. M., Davydova, A. I., Schuur, E. A.
G., Dutta, K., and Chapin III, F. S.: Permafrost carbon: Stock and
decomposability of a globally significant carbon pool, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 33, L20502, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL027484, 2006.
Zimov, N., Zimov, S., Zimova, A., Zimova, G., Chuprynin, V., and Chapin III,
F. S.: Carbon storage in permafrost and soils of the mammoth tundra-steppe
biome: Role in the global carbon budget, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
36, L02502, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL036332, 2009.
Zink, K. G. and Mangelsdorf, K.: Efficient and rapid method for extraction
of intact phospholipids from sediments combined with molecular structure
elucidation using LC-ESI-MS-MS analysis, Anal. Bioanal.
Chem., 380, 798–812, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-004-2828-2, 2004.
Short summary
Climate warming in the Arctic results in thawing of permafrost deposits. This promotes the accessibility of freeze-locked old organic matter (OM) accumulated during the past. Characterizing OM of different depositional ages, we were able to show that OM from last glacial Yedoma deposits possess the highest potential to provide organic substrates such as acetate for microbial greenhouse gas production and therefore to accelerate the carbon–climate feedback cycle during ongoing global warming.
Climate warming in the Arctic results in thawing of permafrost deposits. This promotes the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint