Articles | Volume 16, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4307-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4307-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
12 Nov 2019
Research article |
| 12 Nov 2019
| 12 Nov 2019
Organic matter contents and degradation in a highly trawled area during fresh particle inputs (Gulf of Castellammare, southwestern Mediterranean)
Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
Antonio Pusceddu
Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università
degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, 09126, Italy
Pere Masqué
Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona,
Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
School of Natural Sciences, Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research,
Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
School of Physics and Oceans Institute, University of Western
Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
Pere Puig
Marine Sciences Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
Davide Moccia
Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università
degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, 09126, Italy
Tommaso Russo
Laboratory of Experimental Ecology and Aquaculture, Department of
Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy
Claudio Lo Iacono
Marine Sciences Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront
Campus, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
Related authors
Sarah Paradis, Justin Tiano, Emil De Borger, Antonio Pusceddu, Clare Bradshaw, Claudia Ennas, Claudia Morys, and Marija Sciberras
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3547–3563, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3547-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3547-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
DISOM is a database that compiles data of 71 independent studies that assess the effect of demersal fisheries on sedimentological and biogeochemical properties. This database also provides crucial metadata (i.e. environmental and fishing descriptors) needed to understand the effects of demersal fisheries in a global context.
Sarah Paradis, Kai Nakajima, Tessa S. Van der Voort, Hannah Gies, Aline Wildberger, Thomas M. Blattmann, Lisa Bröder, and Timothy I. Eglinton
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4105–4125, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4105-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4105-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
MOSAIC is a database of global organic carbon in marine sediments. This new version holds more than 21 000 sediment cores and includes new variables to interpret organic carbon distribution, such as sedimentological parameters and biomarker signatures. MOSAIC also stores data from specific sediment and molecular fractions to better understand organic carbon degradation and ageing. This database is continuously expanding, and version control will allow reproducible research outputs.
Sarah Paradis, Justin Tiano, Emil De Borger, Antonio Pusceddu, Clare Bradshaw, Claudia Ennas, Claudia Morys, and Marija Sciberras
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3547–3563, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3547-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3547-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
DISOM is a database that compiles data of 71 independent studies that assess the effect of demersal fisheries on sedimentological and biogeochemical properties. This database also provides crucial metadata (i.e. environmental and fishing descriptors) needed to understand the effects of demersal fisheries in a global context.
Sarah Paradis, Kai Nakajima, Tessa S. Van der Voort, Hannah Gies, Aline Wildberger, Thomas M. Blattmann, Lisa Bröder, and Timothy I. Eglinton
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4105–4125, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4105-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4105-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
MOSAIC is a database of global organic carbon in marine sediments. This new version holds more than 21 000 sediment cores and includes new variables to interpret organic carbon distribution, such as sedimentological parameters and biomarker signatures. MOSAIC also stores data from specific sediment and molecular fractions to better understand organic carbon degradation and ageing. This database is continuously expanding, and version control will allow reproducible research outputs.
Viena Puigcorbé, Pere Masqué, and Frédéric A. C. Le Moigne
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 1267–1285, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1267-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1267-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The biological carbon pump is a mechanism by which the oceans capture atmospheric carbon dioxide thanks to microscopic marine algae. Quantifying its strength and efficiency is crucial to understand the global carbon budget and be able to forecast its trends. The radioactive pair 234Th : 238U has been extensively used for that purpose. This is a global compilation of carbon-to-234Th ratios (needed to convert the 234Th fluxes to carbon fluxes) that will contribute to improve our modeling efforts.
Eleonora Fossile, Maria Pia Nardelli, Arbia Jouini, Bruno Lansard, Antonio Pusceddu, Davide Moccia, Elisabeth Michel, Olivier Péron, Hélène Howa, and Meryem Mojtahid
Biogeosciences, 17, 1933–1953, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1933-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1933-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study focuses on benthic foraminiferal distribution in an Arctic fjord characterised by continuous sea ice production during winter and the consequent cascading of salty and corrosive waters (brine) to the seabed. The inner fjord is dominated by calcareous species (C). In the central deep basins, where brines are persistent, calcareous foraminifera are dissolved and agglutinated (A) dominate. The high A/C ratio is suggested as a proxy for brine persistence and sea ice production.
Yi Tang, Nolwenn Lemaitre, Maxi Castrillejo, Montserrat Roca-Martí, Pere Masqué, and Gillian Stewart
Biogeosciences, 16, 309–327, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-309-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-309-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Oceanographers try to understand the ocean’s role in the global carbon cycle. Trace levels of natural radionuclides can inform this connection and their half-lives provide an estimate of the timing of processes. We used the 210Po and 210Pb pair to examine the export of carbon from the surface ocean to depth along the GEOVIDE GEOTRACES cruise track. We found that the flux was regionally variable, that upwelling was an important regional factor, and that both large and small particles drove flux.
Ariane Arias-Ortiz, Pere Masqué, Jordi Garcia-Orellana, Oscar Serrano, Inés Mazarrasa, Núria Marbà, Catherine E. Lovelock, Paul S. Lavery, and Carlos M. Duarte
Biogeosciences, 15, 6791–6818, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6791-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6791-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Efforts to include tidal marsh, mangrove and seagrass ecosystems in existing carbon mitigation strategies are limited by a lack of estimates of carbon accumulation rates (CARs). We discuss the use of 210Pb dating to determine CARs in these habitats, which are often composed of heterogeneous sediments and affected by sedimentary processes. Results show that obtaining reliable geochronologies in these systems is ambitious, but estimates of mean 100-year CARs are mostly secure within 20 % error.
Maxi Castrillejo, Núria Casacuberta, Marcus Christl, Christof Vockenhuber, Hans-Arno Synal, Maribel I. García-Ibáñez, Pascale Lherminier, Géraldine Sarthou, Jordi Garcia-Orellana, and Pere Masqué
Biogeosciences, 15, 5545–5564, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5545-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5545-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The investigation of water mass transport pathways and timescales is important to understand the global ocean circulation. Following earlier studies, we use artificial radionuclides introduced to the oceans in the 1950s to investigate the water transport in the subpolar North Atlantic (SPNA). For the first time, we combine measurements of the long-lived iodine-129 and uranium-236 to confirm earlier findings/hypotheses and to better understand shallow and deep ventilation processes in the SPNA.
Yi Tang, Maxi Castrillejo, Montserrat Roca-Martí, Pere Masqué, Nolwenn Lemaitre, and Gillian Stewart
Biogeosciences, 15, 5437–5453, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5437-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5437-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We measured two natural radio-isotopes, 210Po and 210Pb, in the dissolved and particulate phase along the GEOVIDE cruise track to try to understand the cycling of these isotopes across a diverse combination of currents, basins, and conditions in the North Atlantic Ocean. Other groups collected data on many other trace elements and isotopes in order to map them as part of the GEOTRACES program. We found that Po and Pb activity was concentrated on small particles and varied within/between basins.
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Sediment
Reviews and syntheses: Tufa microbialites on rocky coasts – towards an integrated terminology
Seafloor sediment characterization improves estimates of organic carbon standing stocks: an example from the Eastern Shore Islands, Nova Scotia, Canada
How is particulate organic carbon transported through the river-fed submarine Congo Canyon to the deep sea?
Influence of minor hydrocarbon seepage on sulfur cycling in marine subsurface sediments and its significance for hydrocarbon reservoir detection
The fate of fixed nitrogen in Santa Barbara Basin sediments during seasonal anoxia
Dissolved Mn(III) is a key redox intermediate in sediments of a seasonally euxinic coastal basin
Unexpected scarcity of ANME Archaea in hydrocarbon seeps within Monterey Bay
Distinct oxygenation modes of the Gulf of Oman over the past 43 000 years – a multi-proxy approach
Potential impacts of cable bacteria activity on hard-shelled benthic foraminifera: implications for their interpretation as bioindicators or paleoproxies
Evidence of cryptic methane cycling and non-methanogenic methylamine consumption in the sulfate-reducing zone of sediment in the Santa Barbara Basin, California
Assessing global-scale organic matter reactivity patterns in marine sediments using a lognormal reactive continuum model
Deposit-feeding of Nonionellina labradorica (foraminifera) from an Arctic methane seep site and possible association with a methanotroph
Benthic silicon cycling in the Arctic Barents Sea: a reaction–transport model study
Long-term incubations provide insight into the mechanisms of anaerobic oxidation of methane in methanogenic lake sediments
Ideas and perspectives: Sea-level change, anaerobic methane oxidation, and the glacial–interglacial phosphorus cycle
Estimation of the natural background of phosphate in a lowland river using tidal marsh sediment cores
Geochemical consequences of oxygen diffusion from the oceanic crust into overlying sediments and its significance for biogeochemical cycles based on sediments of the northeast Pacific
Carbon sources of benthic fauna in temperate lakes across multiple trophic states
Deep-water inflow event increases sedimentary phosphorus release on a multi-year scale
Bioturbation has a limited effect on phosphorus burial in salt marsh sediments
Biogeochemical impact of cable bacteria on coastal Black Sea sediment
Organic carbon characteristics in ice-rich permafrost in alas and Yedoma deposits, central Yakutia, Siberia
The control of hydrogen sulfide on benthic iron and cadmium fluxes in the oxygen minimum zone off Peru
Quantity and distribution of methane entrapped in sediments of calcareous, Alpine glacier forefields
Assessing the potential for non-turbulent methane escape from the East Siberian Arctic Shelf
Vertical transport of sediment-associated metals and cyanobacteria by ebullition in a stratified lake
Evidence of changes in sedimentation rate and sediment fabric in a low-oxygen setting: Santa Monica Basin, CA
Authigenic formation of Ca–Mg carbonates in the shallow alkaline Lake Neusiedl, Austria
Vivianite formation in ferruginous sediments from Lake Towuti, Indonesia
Impact of ambient conditions on the Si isotope fractionation in marine pore fluids during early diagenesis
Impact of small-scale disturbances on geochemical conditions, biogeochemical processes and element fluxes in surface sediments of the eastern Clarion–Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean
Acetate turnover and methanogenic pathways in Amazonian lake sediments
Benthic alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon fluxes in the Rhône River prodelta generated by decoupled aerobic and anaerobic processes
Small-scale heterogeneity of trace metals including rare earth elements and yttrium in deep-sea sediments and porewaters of the Peru Basin, southeastern equatorial Pacific
Identifying the core bacterial microbiome of hydrocarbon degradation and a shift of dominant methanogenesis pathways in the oil and aqueous phases of petroleum reservoirs of different temperatures from China
Effects of eutrophication on sedimentary organic carbon cycling in five temperate lakes
Evidence for microbial iron reduction in the methanic sediments of the oligotrophic southeastern Mediterranean continental shelf
Fracture-controlled fluid transport supports microbial methane-oxidizing communities at Vestnesa Ridge
Hydrothermal alteration of aragonitic biocarbonates: assessment of micro- and nanostructural dissolution–reprecipitation and constraints of diagenetic overprint from quantitative statistical grain-area analysis
Large variations in iron input to an oligotrophic Baltic Sea estuary: impact on sedimentary phosphorus burial
Vivianite formation in methane-rich deep-sea sediments from the South China Sea
Benthic archaea as potential sources of tetraether membrane lipids in sediments across an oxygen minimum zone
Carbon amendment stimulates benthic nitrogen cycling during the bioremediation of particulate aquaculture waste
Modelling biogeochemical processes in sediments from the north-western Adriatic Sea: response to enhanced particulate organic carbon fluxes
Carbon mineralization in Laptev and East Siberian sea shelf and slope sediment
Reviews and syntheses: to the bottom of carbon processing at the seafloor
Scotland's forgotten carbon: a national assessment of mid-latitude fjord sedimentary carbon stocks
Does denitrification occur within porous carbonate sand grains?
Sediment phosphorus speciation and mobility under dynamic redox conditions
Pore water geochemistry along continental slopes north of the East Siberian Sea: inference of low methane concentrations
Thomas W. Garner, J. Andrew G. Cooper, Alan M. Smith, Gavin M. Rishworth, and Matt Forbes
Biogeosciences, 21, 4785–4807, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4785-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4785-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
There is a diverse and often conflicting suite of terminologies, classifications, and nomenclature applicable to the study of terrestrial carbonate deposits and microbialites (deposits that wholly or primarily accrete as a result of microbial activity). We review existing schemes, identify duplication and redundancy, and present a new integrated approach applicable to tufa microbialites on rock coasts.
Catherine Brenan, Markus Kienast, Vittorio Maselli, Christopher K. Algar, Benjamin Misiuk, and Craig J. Brown
Biogeosciences, 21, 4569–4586, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4569-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4569-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Quantifying how much organic carbon is stored in seafloor sediments is key to assessing how human activities can accelerate the process of carbon storage at the seabed, an important consideration for climate change. This study uses seafloor sediment maps to model organic carbon content. Carbon estimates were 12 times higher when assuming the absence of detailed sediment maps, demonstrating that high-resolution seafloor mapping is critically important for improved estimates of organic carbon.
Sophie Hage, Megan L. Baker, Nathalie Babonneau, Guillaume Soulet, Bernard Dennielou, Ricardo Silva Jacinto, Robert G. Hilton, Valier Galy, François Baudin, Christophe Rabouille, Clément Vic, Sefa Sahin, Sanem Açikalin, and Peter J. Talling
Biogeosciences, 21, 4251–4272, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4251-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4251-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The land-to-ocean flux of particulate organic carbon (POC) is difficult to measure, inhibiting accurate modeling of the global carbon cycle. Here, we quantify the POC flux between one of the largest rivers on Earth (Congo) and the ocean. POC in the form of vegetation and soil is transported by episodic submarine avalanches in a 1000 km long canyon at up to 5 km water depth. The POC flux induced by avalanches is at least 3 times greater than that induced by the background flow related to tides.
Ellen Schnabel, Aurèle Vuillemin, Cédric C. Laczny, Benoit J. Kunath, André R. Soares, Rolando Di Primio, Jens Kallmeyer, and the PROSPECTOMICS Consortium
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1603, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1603, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzed marine sediment samples from areas with and without minimal hydrocarbon seepage from reservoirs underneath. Depth profiles of dissolved chemical components in the pore water as well as molecular biological data revealed differences in microbial community composition and activity. These results indicate that even minor hydrocarbon seepage affects sedimentary biogeochemical cycling in marine sediments, potentially providing a new tool for detection of hydrocarbon reservoirs.
Xuefeng Peng, David J. Yousavich, Annie Bourbonnais, Frank Wenzhöfer, Felix Janssen, Tina Treude, and David L. Valentine
Biogeosciences, 21, 3041–3052, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3041-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3041-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Biologically available (fixed) nitrogen (N) is a limiting nutrient for life in the ocean. Under low-oxygen conditions, fixed N is either removed via denitrification or retained via dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia (DNRA). Using in situ incubations in the Santa Barbara Basin, which undergoes seasonal anoxia, we found that benthic denitrification was the dominant nitrate reduction process, while nitrate availability and organic carbon content control the relative importance of DNRA.
Robin Klomp, Olga M. Żygadłowska, Mike S. M. Jetten, Véronique E. Oldham, Niels A. G. M. van Helmond, Caroline P. Slomp, and Wytze K. Lenstra
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1706, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1706, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In marine sediments, dissolved Mn is present as either Mn(III) or Mn(II). We apply a reactive transport model to geochemical data for a seasonally anoxic and sulfidic coastal basin to determine the pathways of formation and removal of dissolved Mn(III) in the sediment. We demonstrate a critical role for reactions with Fe(II) and show evidence for substantial benthic release of dissolved Mn(III). Given the mobility of Mn(III), these findings have important implications for marine Mn cycling.
Amanda Clare Semler and Anne Elizabeth Dekas
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1377, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1377, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Marine hydrocarbon seeps typically host subsurface microorganisms capable of degrading methane before it is emitted to the water column. Here we describe a seep in Monterey Bay which virtually lacks known methanotrophs and where biological consumption of methane at depth is undetected. Our findings suggest that some seeps are missing this critical biofilter and that seeps may be a more significant source of methane to the water column than previously realized.
Nicole Burdanowitz, Gerhard Schmiedl, Birgit Gaye, Philipp M. Munz, and Hartmut Schulz
Biogeosciences, 21, 1477–1499, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1477-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1477-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We analyse benthic foraminifera, nitrogen isotopes and lipids in a sediment core from the Gulf of Oman to investigate how the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) and bottom water (BW) oxygenation have reacted to climatic changes since 43 ka. The OMZ and BW deoxygenation was strong during the Holocene, but the OMZ was well ventilated during the LGM period. We found an unstable mode of oscillating oxygenation states, from moderately oxygenated in cold stadials to deoxygenated in warm interstadials in MIS 3.
Maxime Daviray, Emmanuelle Geslin, Nils Risgaard-Petersen, Vincent V. Scholz, Marie Fouet, and Edouard Metzger
Biogeosciences, 21, 911–928, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-911-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-911-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Coastal marine sediments are subject to major acidification processes because of climate change and human activities, but these processes can also result from biotic activity. We studied the sediment acidifcation effect on benthic calcareous foraminifera in intertidal mudflats. The strong pH decrease in sediments probably caused by cable bacteria led to calcareous test dissolution of living and dead foraminifera, threatening the test preservation and their robustness as environmental proxies.
Sebastian J. E. Krause, Jiarui Liu, David J. Yousavich, DeMarcus Robinson, David W. Hoyt, Qianhui Qin, Frank Wenzhöfer, Felix Janssen, David L. Valentine, and Tina Treude
Biogeosciences, 20, 4377–4390, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4377-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4377-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, and hence it is important to understand its sources and sinks in the environment. Here we present new data from organic-rich surface sediments below an oxygen minimum zone off the coast of California (Santa Barbara Basin) demonstrating the simultaneous microbial production and consumption of methane, which appears to be an important process preventing the build-up of methane in these sediments and the emission into the water column and atmosphere.
Sinan Xu, Bo Liu, Sandra Arndt, Sabine Kasten, and Zijun Wu
Biogeosciences, 20, 2251–2263, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2251-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2251-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We use a reactive continuum model based on a lognormal distribution (l-RCM) to inversely determine model parameters μ and σ at 123 sites across the global ocean. Our results show organic matter (OM) reactivity is more than 3 orders of magnitude higher in shelf than in abyssal regions. In addition, OM reactivity is higher than predicted in some specific regions, yet the l-RCM can still capture OM reactivity features in these regions.
Christiane Schmidt, Emmanuelle Geslin, Joan M. Bernhard, Charlotte LeKieffre, Mette Marianne Svenning, Helene Roberge, Magali Schweizer, and Giuliana Panieri
Biogeosciences, 19, 3897–3909, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3897-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3897-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study is the first to show non-selective deposit feeding in the foraminifera Nonionella labradorica and the possible uptake of methanotrophic bacteria. We carried out a feeding experiment with a marine methanotroph to examine the ultrastructure of the cell and degradation vacuoles using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results revealed three putative methanotrophs at the outside of the cell/test, which could be taken up via non-targeted grazing in seeps or our experiment.
James P. J. Ward, Katharine R. Hendry, Sandra Arndt, Johan C. Faust, Felipe S. Freitas, Sian F. Henley, Jeffrey W. Krause, Christian März, Allyson C. Tessin, and Ruth L. Airs
Biogeosciences, 19, 3445–3467, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3445-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3445-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The seafloor plays an important role in the cycling of silicon (Si), a key nutrient that promotes marine primary productivity. In our model study, we disentangle major controls on the seafloor Si cycle to better anticipate the impacts of continued warming and sea ice melt in the Barents Sea. We uncover a coupling of the iron redox and Si cycles, dissolution of lithogenic silicates, and authigenic clay formation, comprising a Si sink that could have implications for the Arctic Ocean Si budget.
Hanni Vigderovich, Werner Eckert, Michal Elul, Maxim Rubin-Blum, Marcus Elvert, and Orit Sivan
Biogeosciences, 19, 2313–2331, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2313-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2313-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is one of the major processes limiting the release of the greenhouse gas methane from natural environments. Here we show that significant AOM exists in the methane zone of lake sediments in natural conditions and even after long-term (ca. 18 months) anaerobic slurry incubations with two stages. Methanogens were most likely responsible for oxidizing the methane, and humic substances and iron oxides are likely electron acceptors to support this oxidation.
Bjorn Sundby, Pierre Anschutz, Pascal Lecroart, and Alfonso Mucci
Biogeosciences, 19, 1421–1434, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1421-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1421-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A glacial–interglacial methane-fuelled redistribution of reactive phosphorus between the oceanic and sedimentary phosphorus reservoirs can occur in the ocean when falling sea level lowers the pressure on the seafloor, destabilizes methane hydrates, and triggers the dissolution of P-bearing iron oxides. The mass of phosphate potentially mobilizable from the sediment is similar to the size of the current oceanic reservoir. Hence, this process may play a major role in the marine phosphorus cycle.
Florian Lauryssen, Philippe Crombé, Tom Maris, Elliot Van Maldegem, Marijn Van de Broek, Stijn Temmerman, and Erik Smolders
Biogeosciences, 19, 763–776, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-763-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-763-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Surface waters in lowland regions have a poor surface water quality, mainly due to excess nutrients like phosphate. Therefore, we wanted to know the phosphate levels without humans, also called the pre-industrial background. Phosphate binds strongly to sediment particles, suspended in the river water. In this research we used sediments deposited by a river as an archive for surface water phosphate back to 1800 CE. Pre-industrial phosphate levels were estimated at one-third of the modern levels.
Gerard J. M. Versteegh, Andrea Koschinsky, Thomas Kuhn, Inken Preuss, and Sabine Kasten
Biogeosciences, 18, 4965–4984, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4965-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4965-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Oxygen penetrates sediments not only from the ocean bottom waters but also from the basement. The impact of the latter is poorly understood. We show that this basement oxygen has a clear impact on the nitrogen cycle, the redox state, and the distribution of manganese, nickel cobalt and organic matter in the sediments. This is important for (1) global biogeochemical cycles, (2) understanding sedimentary life and (3) the interpretation of the sediment record to reconstruct the past.
Annika Fiskal, Eva Anthamatten, Longhui Deng, Xingguo Han, Lorenzo Lagostina, Anja Michel, Rong Zhu, Nathalie Dubois, Carsten J. Schubert, Stefano M. Bernasconi, and Mark A. Lever
Biogeosciences, 18, 4369–4388, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4369-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4369-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Microbially produced methane can serve as a carbon source for freshwater macrofauna most likely through grazing on methane-oxidizing bacteria. This study investigates the contributions of different carbon sources to macrofaunal biomass. Our data suggest that the average contribution of methane-derived carbon is similar between different fauna but overall remains low. This is further supported by the low abundance of methane-cycling microorganisms.
Astrid Hylén, Sebastiaan J. van de Velde, Mikhail Kononets, Mingyue Luo, Elin Almroth-Rosell, and Per O. J. Hall
Biogeosciences, 18, 2981–3004, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2981-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2981-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Sediments in oxygen-depleted ocean areas release high amounts of phosphorus, feeding algae that consume oxygen upon degradation, leading to further phosphorus release. Oxygenation is thought to trap phosphorus in the sediment and break this feedback. We studied the sediment phosphorus cycle in a previously anoxic area after an inflow of oxic water. Surprisingly, the sediment phosphorus release increased, showing that feedbacks between phosphorus release and oxygen depletion can be hard to break.
Sebastiaan J. van de Velde, Rebecca K. James, Ine Callebaut, Silvia Hidalgo-Martinez, and Filip J. R. Meysman
Biogeosciences, 18, 1451–1461, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1451-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1451-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Some 540 Myr ago, animal life evolved in the ocean. Previous research suggested that when these early animals started inhabiting the seafloor, they retained phosphorus in the seafloor, thereby limiting photosynthesis in the ocean. We studied salt marsh sediments with and without animals and found that their impact on phosphorus retention is limited, which implies that their impact on the global environment might have been less drastic than previously assumed.
Martijn Hermans, Nils Risgaard-Petersen, Filip J. R. Meysman, and Caroline P. Slomp
Biogeosciences, 17, 5919–5938, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5919-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5919-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This paper demonstrates that the recently discovered cable bacteria are capable of using a mineral, known as siderite, as a source for the formation of iron oxides. This work also demonstrates that the activity of cable bacteria can lead to a distinct subsurface layer in the sediment that can be used as a marker for their activity.
Torben Windirsch, Guido Grosse, Mathias Ulrich, Lutz Schirrmeister, Alexander N. Fedorov, Pavel Y. Konstantinov, Matthias Fuchs, Loeka L. Jongejans, Juliane Wolter, Thomas Opel, and Jens Strauss
Biogeosciences, 17, 3797–3814, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3797-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3797-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
To extend the knowledge on circumpolar deep permafrost carbon storage, we examined two deep permafrost deposit types (Yedoma and alas) in central Yakutia. We found little but partially undecomposed organic carbon as a result of largely changing sedimentation processes. The carbon stock of the examined Yedoma deposits is about 50 % lower than the general Yedoma domain mean, implying a very hetererogeneous Yedoma composition, while the alas is approximately 80 % below the thermokarst deposit mean.
Anna Plass, Christian Schlosser, Stefan Sommer, Andrew W. Dale, Eric P. Achterberg, and Florian Scholz
Biogeosciences, 17, 3685–3704, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3685-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3685-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We compare the cycling of Fe and Cd in sulfidic sediments of the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone. Due to the contrasting solubility of their sulfide minerals, the sedimentary Fe release and Cd burial fluxes covary with spatial and temporal distributions of H2S. Depending on the solubility of their sulfide minerals, sedimentary trace metal fluxes will respond differently to ocean deoxygenation/expansion of H2S concentrations, which may change trace metal stoichiometry of upwelling water masses.
Biqing Zhu, Manuel Kübler, Melanie Ridoli, Daniel Breitenstein, and Martin H. Schroth
Biogeosciences, 17, 3613–3630, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3613-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3613-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We provide evidence that the greenhouse gas methane (CH4) is enclosed in calcareous glacier-forefield sediments across Switzerland. Geochemical analyses confirmed that this ancient CH4 has its origin in the calcareous parent bedrock. Our estimate of the total quantity of CH4 enclosed in sediments across Switzerland indicates a large CH4 mass (~105 t CH4). We produced evidence that CH4 is stable in its enclosed state, but additional experiments are needed to elucidate its long-term fate.
Matteo Puglini, Victor Brovkin, Pierre Regnier, and Sandra Arndt
Biogeosciences, 17, 3247–3275, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3247-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3247-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A reaction-transport model to assess the potential non-turbulent methane flux from the East Siberian Arctic sediments to water columns is applied here. We show that anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is an efficient filter except for high values of sedimentation rate and advective flow, which enable considerable non-turbulent steady-state methane fluxes. Significant transient methane fluxes can also occur during the building-up phase of the AOM-performing biomass microbial community.
Kyle Delwiche, Junyao Gu, Harold Hemond, and Sarah P. Preheim
Biogeosciences, 17, 3135–3147, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3135-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3135-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we investigate whether bubbles transport sediments containing arsenic and cyanobacteria from the bottom to the top of a polluted lake. We measured arsenic and cyanobacteria from bubble traps in the lake and from an experimental bubble column in the laboratory. We found that bubble transport was not an important source of arsenic in the surface waters but that bubbles could transport enough cyanobacteria to the surface to exacerbate harmful algal blooms.
Nathaniel Kemnitz, William M. Berelson, Douglas E. Hammond, Laura Morine, Maria Figueroa, Timothy W. Lyons, Simon Scharf, Nick Rollins, Elizabeth Petsios, Sydnie Lemieux, and Tina Treude
Biogeosciences, 17, 2381–2396, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2381-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2381-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Our paper shows how sedimentation in a very low oxygen setting provides a unique record of environmental change. We look at the past 250 years through the filter of sediment accumulation via radioisotope dating and other physical and chemical analyses of these sediments. We conclude, remarkably, that there has been very little change in net sediment mass accumulation through the past 100–150 years, yet just prior to 1900 CE, sediments were accumulating at 50 %–70 % of today's rate.
Dario Fussmann, Avril Jean Elisabeth von Hoyningen-Huene, Andreas Reimer, Dominik Schneider, Hana Babková, Robert Peticzka, Andreas Maier, Gernot Arp, Rolf Daniel, and Patrick Meister
Biogeosciences, 17, 2085–2106, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2085-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2085-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) is supersaturated in many aquatic settings (e.g., seawater) on modern Earth but does not precipitate directly from the fluid, a fact known as the dolomite problem. The widely acknowledged concept of dolomite precipitation involves microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) and anoxic conditions as important drivers. In contrast, results from Lake Neusiedl support an alternative concept of Ca–Mg carbonate precipitation under aerobic and alkaline conditions.
Aurèle Vuillemin, André Friese, Richard Wirth, Jan A. Schuessler, Anja M. Schleicher, Helga Kemnitz, Andreas Lücke, Kohen W. Bauer, Sulung Nomosatryo, Friedhelm von Blanckenburg, Rachel Simister, Luis G. Ordoñez, Daniel Ariztegui, Cynthia Henny, James M. Russell, Satria Bijaksana, Hendrik Vogel, Sean A. Crowe, Jens Kallmeyer, and the Towuti Drilling Project
Science team
Biogeosciences, 17, 1955–1973, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1955-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1955-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Ferruginous lakes experience restricted primary production due to phosphorus trapping by ferric iron oxides under oxic conditions. We report the presence of large crystals of vivianite, a ferrous iron phosphate, in sediments from Lake Towuti, Indonesia. We address processes of P retention linked to diagenesis of iron phases. Vivianite crystals had light Fe2+ isotope signatures and contained mineral inclusions consistent with antecedent processes of microbial sulfate and iron reduction.
Sonja Geilert, Patricia Grasse, Kristin Doering, Klaus Wallmann, Claudia Ehlert, Florian Scholz, Martin Frank, Mark Schmidt, and Christian Hensen
Biogeosciences, 17, 1745–1763, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1745-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1745-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Marine silicate weathering is a key process of the marine silica cycle; however, its controlling processes are not well understood. In the Guaymas Basin, silicate weathering has been studied under markedly differing ambient conditions. Environmental settings like redox conditions or terrigenous input of reactive silicates appear to be major factors controlling marine silicate weathering. These factors need to be taken into account in future oceanic mass balances of Si and in modeling studies.
Jessica B. Volz, Laura Haffert, Matthias Haeckel, Andrea Koschinsky, and Sabine Kasten
Biogeosciences, 17, 1113–1131, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1113-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1113-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Potential future deep-sea mining of polymetallic nodules at the seafloor is expected to severely harm the marine environment. However, the consequences on deep-sea ecosystems are still poorly understood. This study on surface sediments from man-made disturbance tracks in the Pacific Ocean shows that due to the removal of the uppermost sediment layer and thereby the loss of organic matter, the geochemical system in the sediments is disturbed for millennia before reaching a new equilibrium.
Ralf Conrad, Melanie Klose, and Alex Enrich-Prast
Biogeosciences, 17, 1063–1069, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1063-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1063-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Lake sediments release the greenhouse gas CH4. Acetate is an important precursor. Although Amazonian lake sediments all contained acetate-consuming methanogens, measurement of the turnover of labeled acetate showed that some sediments converted acetate not to CH4 plus CO2, as expected, but only to CO2. Our results indicate the operation of acetate-oxidizing microorganisms couples the oxidation process to syntrophic methanogenic partners and/or to the reduction of organic compounds.
Jens Rassmann, Eryn M. Eitel, Bruno Lansard, Cécile Cathalot, Christophe Brandily, Martial Taillefert, and Christophe Rabouille
Biogeosciences, 17, 13–33, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-13-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-13-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, we use a large set of measurements made using in situ and lab techniques to elucidate the cause of dissolved inorganic carbon fluxes in sediments from the Rhône delta and its companion compound alkalinity, which carries the absorption capacity of coastal waters with respect to atmospheric CO2. We show that sediment processes (sulfate reduction, FeS precipitation and accumulation) are crucial in generating the alkalinity fluxes observed in this study by in situ incubation chambers.
Sophie A. L. Paul, Matthias Haeckel, Michael Bau, Rajina Bajracharya, and Andrea Koschinsky
Biogeosciences, 16, 4829–4849, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4829-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4829-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the upper 10 m of deep-sea sediments, including pore water, in the Peru Basin to understand small-scale variability of trace metals. Our results show high spatial variability related to topographical variations, which in turn impact organic matter contents, degradation processes, and trace metal cycling. Another interesting finding was the influence of dissolving buried nodules on the surrounding sediment and trace metal cycling.
Zhichao Zhou, Bo Liang, Li-Ying Wang, Jin-Feng Liu, Bo-Zhong Mu, Hojae Shim, and Ji-Dong Gu
Biogeosciences, 16, 4229–4241, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4229-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4229-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows a core bacterial microbiome with a small proportion of shared operational taxonomic units of common sequences among all oil reservoirs. Dominant methanogenesis shifts from the hydrogenotrophic pathway in water phase to the acetoclastic pathway in the oil phase at high temperatures, but the opposite is true at low temperatures. There are also major functional metabolism differences between the two phases for amino acids, hydrocarbons, and carbohydrates.
Annika Fiskal, Longhui Deng, Anja Michel, Philip Eickenbusch, Xingguo Han, Lorenzo Lagostina, Rong Zhu, Michael Sander, Martin H. Schroth, Stefano M. Bernasconi, Nathalie Dubois, and Mark A. Lever
Biogeosciences, 16, 3725–3746, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3725-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3725-2019, 2019
Hanni Vigderovich, Lewen Liang, Barak Herut, Fengping Wang, Eyal Wurgaft, Maxim Rubin-Blum, and Orit Sivan
Biogeosciences, 16, 3165–3181, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3165-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3165-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Microbial iron reduction participates in important biogeochemical cycles. In the last decade iron reduction has been observed in many aquatic sediments below its classical zone, in the methane production zone, suggesting a link between the two cycles. Here we present evidence for microbial iron reduction in the methanogenic depth of the oligotrophic SE Mediterranean continental shelf using mainly geochemical and microbial sedimentary profiles and suggest possible mechanisms for this process.
Haoyi Yao, Wei-Li Hong, Giuliana Panieri, Simone Sauer, Marta E. Torres, Moritz F. Lehmann, Friederike Gründger, and Helge Niemann
Biogeosciences, 16, 2221–2232, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2221-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2221-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
How methane is transported in the sediment is important for the microbial community living on methane. Here we report an observation of a mini-fracture that facilitates the advective gas transport of methane in the sediment, compared to the diffusive fluid transport without a fracture. We found contrasting bio-geochemical signals in these different transport modes. This finding can help to fill the gap in the fracture network system in modulating methane dynamics in surface sediments.
Laura A. Casella, Sixin He, Erika Griesshaber, Lourdes Fernández-Díaz, Martina Greiner, Elizabeth M. Harper, Daniel J. Jackson, Andreas Ziegler, Vasileios Mavromatis, Martin Dietzel, Anton Eisenhauer, Sabino Veintemillas-Verdaguer, Uwe Brand, and Wolfgang W. Schmahl
Biogeosciences, 15, 7451–7484, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7451-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7451-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Biogenic carbonates record past environmental conditions. Fossil shell chemistry and microstructure change as metastable biogenic carbonates are replaced by inorganic calcite. Simulated diagenetic alteration at 175 °C of different shell microstructures showed that (nacreous) shell aragonite and calcite were partially replaced by coarse inorganic calcite crystals due to dissolution–reprecipitation reactions. EBSD maps allowed for qualitative assessment of the degree of diagenetic overprint.
Wytze K. Lenstra, Matthias Egger, Niels A. G. M. van Helmond, Emma Kritzberg, Daniel J. Conley, and Caroline P. Slomp
Biogeosciences, 15, 6979–6996, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6979-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6979-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We show that burial rates of phosphorus (P) in an estuary in the northern Baltic Sea are very high. We demonstrate that at high sedimentation rates, P retention in the sediment is related to the formation of vivianite. With a reactive transport model, we assess the sensitivity of sedimentary vivianite formation. We suggest that enrichments of iron and P in the sediment are linked to periods of enhanced riverine input of Fe, which subsequently strongly enhances P burial in coastal sediments.
Jiarui Liu, Gareth Izon, Jiasheng Wang, Gilad Antler, Zhou Wang, Jie Zhao, and Matthias Egger
Biogeosciences, 15, 6329–6348, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6329-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6329-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Our work provides new insights into the biogeochemical cycling of iron, methane and phosphorus. We found that vivianite, an iron-phosphate mineral, is pervasive in methane-rich sediments, suggesting that iron reduction at depth is coupled to phosphorus and methane cycling on a much greater spatial scale than previously assumed. Acting as an important burial mechanism for iron and phosphorus, vivianite authigenesis may be an under-considered process in both modern and ancient settings alike.
Marc A. Besseling, Ellen C. Hopmans, R. Christine Boschman, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Laura Villanueva
Biogeosciences, 15, 4047–4064, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4047-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4047-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Benthic archaea comprise a significant part of the total prokaryotic biomass in marine sediments. Here, we compared the archaeal diversity and intact polar lipid (IPL) composition in both surface and subsurface sediments with different oxygen regimes in the Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone. The oxygenated sediments were dominated by Thaumarchaeota and IPL-GDGT-0. The anoxic sediment contained highly diverse archaeal communities and high relative abundances of IPL-GDGT-1 to -4.
Georgina Robinson, Thomas MacTavish, Candida Savage, Gary S. Caldwell, Clifford L. W. Jones, Trevor Probyn, Bradley D. Eyre, and Selina M. Stead
Biogeosciences, 15, 1863–1878, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1863-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1863-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This study examined the effect of adding carbon to a sediment-based effluent treatment system to treat nitrogen-rich aquaculture waste. The research was conducted in incubation chambers to measure the exchange of gases and nutrients across the sediment–water interface and examine changes in the sediment microbial community. Adding carbon increased the amount of nitrogen retained in the treatment system, thereby reducing the levels of nitrogen needing to be discharged to the environment.
Daniele Brigolin, Christophe Rabouille, Bruno Bombled, Silvia Colla, Salvatrice Vizzini, Roberto Pastres, and Fabio Pranovi
Biogeosciences, 15, 1347–1366, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1347-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1347-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We present the result of a study carried out in the north-western Adriatic Sea by combining two different types of models with field sampling. A mussel farm was taken as a local source of perturbation to the natural flux of particulate organic carbon to the sediment. Differences in fluxes were primarily associated with mussel physiological conditions. Although restricted, these changes in particulate organic carbon fluxes induced visible effects on sediment biogeochemistry.
Volker Brüchert, Lisa Bröder, Joanna E. Sawicka, Tommaso Tesi, Samantha P. Joye, Xiaole Sun, Igor P. Semiletov, and Vladimir A. Samarkin
Biogeosciences, 15, 471–490, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-471-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-471-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We determined the aerobic and anaerobic degradation rates of land- and marine-derived organic material in East Siberian shelf sediment. Marine plankton-derived organic carbon was the main source for the oxic dissolved carbon dioxide production, whereas terrestrial organic material significantly contributed to the production of carbon dioxide under anoxic conditions. Our direct degradation rate measurements provide new constraints for the present-day Arctic marine carbon budget.
Jack J. Middelburg
Biogeosciences, 15, 413–427, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-413-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-413-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Organic carbon processing at the seafloor is studied by geologists to better understand the sedimentary record, by biogeochemists to quantify burial and respiration, by organic geochemists to elucidate compositional changes, and by ecologists to follow carbon transfers within food webs. These disciplinary approaches have their strengths and weaknesses. This award talk provides a synthesis, highlights the role of animals in sediment carbon processing and presents some new concepts.
Craig Smeaton, William E. N. Austin, Althea L. Davies, Agnes Baltzer, John A. Howe, and John M. Baxter
Biogeosciences, 14, 5663–5674, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5663-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5663-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Fjord sediments are recognised as hotspots for the burial and long-term storage of carbon. In this study, we use the Scottish fjords as a natural laboratory. Using geophysical and geochemical analysis in combination with upscaling techniques, we have generated the first full national sedimentary C inventory for a fjordic system. The results indicate that the Scottish fjords on a like-for-like basis are more effective as C stores than their terrestrial counterparts, including Scottish peatlands.
Perran Louis Miall Cook, Adam John Kessler, and Bradley David Eyre
Biogeosciences, 14, 4061–4069, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4061-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4061-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrogen is the key nutrient that typically limits productivity in coastal waters. One of the key controls on the amount of bioavailable nitrogen is the process of denitrification, which converts nitrate (bioavailable) into nitrogen gas. Previous studies suggest high rates of denitrification may take place within carbonate sediments, and one explanation for this is that this process may take place within the sand grains. Here we show evidence to support this hypothesis.
Chris T. Parsons, Fereidoun Rezanezhad, David W. O'Connell, and Philippe Van Cappellen
Biogeosciences, 14, 3585–3602, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3585-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3585-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Phosphorus (P) has accumulated in sediments due to past human activities. The re-release of this P to water contributes to the growth of harmful algal blooms. Our research improves our mechanistic understanding of how P is partitioned between different chemical forms and between sediment and water under dynamic conditions. We demonstrate that P trapped within iron minerals may be less mobile during anoxic conditions than previously thought due to reversible changes to P forms within sediment.
Clint M. Miller, Gerald R. Dickens, Martin Jakobsson, Carina Johansson, Andrey Koshurnikov, Matt O'Regan, Francesco Muschitiello, Christian Stranne, and Carl-Magnus Mörth
Biogeosciences, 14, 2929–2953, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2929-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2929-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Continental slopes north of the East Siberian Sea are assumed to hold large amounts of methane. We present pore water chemistry from the 2014 SWERUS-C3 expedition. These are among the first results generated from this vast climatically sensitive region, and they imply that abundant methane, including gas hydrates, do not characterize the East Siberian Sea slope or rise. This contradicts previous modeling and discussions, which due to the lack of data are almost entirely based assumption.
Cited articles
Amoroso, R. O., Pitcher, C. R., Rijnsdorp, A. D., McConnaughey, R. A., Parma, A. M.,
Suuronen, P., Eigaard, O. R., Bastardie, F., Hintzen N. T., Althaus, F., Baird,
S. J., Black, J., Buhl-Mortensen, L., Campbell, A. B., Catarino, R., Collie, J. S.,
Cowan, J. H., Durholtz, D., Engstrom, N., Fairweather, T. P., Fock, H. O., Ford, R.,
Gálvez, P. A., Gerritsen, H. D., Góngora, M. E., González, J., Hiddink,
J. G., Hughes, K. M., Intelmann, S. S., Jenkins, C., Jonsson, P., Kainge, P., Kangas, M.,
Kathena, J. N., Kavadas, S., Leslie, R. W., Lewis, S. G., Lundy, M., Makin, D.,
Martin, J., Mazor, T., Mirelis, G. G., Newman, S. J., Papadopoulou, K. N., Posen,
P. E., Rochester, W., Russo, T., Sala, A., Semmens, J. M., Silva, C., Tsolos, A.,
Vanelsander, B., Wakefield, C. B., Wood, B. A., Hilborn, R., Kaiser, M. J., and Jennings,
S.: Bottom trawl-fishing footprints on the world's continental shelves,
P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 115, E10275–E10282,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802379115, 2018.
Anderson, M. J.: A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of
variance, Austral Ecol., 26, 32–46,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2001.01070.pp.x, 2001.
Anderson, M. J. and Robinson, J.: Generalized discriminant analysis based on
distances, Aust. N.Z. J. Stat., 45, 301–318,
https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-842X.00285, 2003.
Anderson, M. J. and Willis, T. J.: Canonical analysis of principal
coordinates: A useful method of constrained ordination for ecology, Ecology,
84, 511–525, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084[0511:CAOPCA]2.0.CO;2, 2003.
Arculeo, M., Lo Brutto, S., Cannizzaro, L., and Vitale, S.: Growth and reproduction
of the deep-water rose shrimp, Parapenaeus longirostris (Lucas, 1846) (Decapoda, Penaeidae), in the
Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Crust., 87, 1168–1184,
https://doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003334, 2014.
Arias-Ortiz, A., Masqué, P., Garcia-Orellana, J., Serrano, O., Mazarrasa, I., Marbà,
N., Lovelock, C. E., Lavery, P. S., and Duarte, C. M.: Reviews and syntheses: 210Pb-derived
sediment and carbon accumulation rates in vegetated coastal ecosystems – setting the record straight, Biogeosciences, 15, 6791–6818, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6791-2018, 2018.
Arjona-Camas, M., Puig, P., Palanques, A., Emelianov, M., and Durán, R.:
Evidence of trawling-induced resuspension events in the generation of
nepheloid layers in the Foix submarine canyon (NW Mediterranean), J.
Marine Syst., 196, 86–96, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2019.05.003, 2019.
Bett, B. J., Malzone, M. G., Narayanaswamy, B., and Wigham, B. D.: Temporal variability
in phytodetritus and megabenthic activity at the seabed in the deep
Northeast Atlantic, Prog. Oceanogr., 50, 349–368,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6611(01)00066-0, 2001.
Bligh, E. G. and Dyer, W. J.: A rapid method of total lipid extraction and
purification, Can. J. Biochem Phys., 37, 911–917, https://doi.org/10.1139/o59-099, 1959.
Buscail, R., Pocklington, R., Daumas, R., and Guidi, L.: Fluxes and budget of
organic matter in the benthic boundary layer over the northwestern
Mediterranean margin, Cont. Shelf Res., 10, 1089–1122,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(90)90076-X, 1990.
Calvo, S. and Genchi, G.: Carico organico ed effete eutrofici nel Golfo di
Castellammare (Sicilia nord-occidentale), OEbalia, 15, 397–408, 1989.
Canfield, D. E.: Factors influencing organic carbon preservation in marine
sediments, Chem. Geol., 114, 315–329,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(94)90061-2, 1994.
Danovaro, R.: Methods for the study of deep-sea sediments, their functioning
and biodiversity, edited by: Danovaro, R., CRC Press, Boca Raton,
2010.
Decreto 1339/2001: DECRETO 11 luglio 2001 – Disposizioni relative
all'interruzione tecnica delle attività di pesca nei compartimenti
marittimi siciliani per il triennio 2001/2003, Gazzetta Ufficiale della Regione Siciliana, Palermo, Italy, 2001.
DeGeest, A. L., Mullenbach, B. L., Puig, P., Nittrouer, C. A., Drexler, T. M.,
Durrieu de Madron, X., and Orange, D. L.: Sediment accumulation in the western
Gulf of Lions, France: the role of Cap de Creus Canyon in linking shelf and
slope sediment dispersal systems, Cont. Shelf Res., 28, 2031–2047,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2008.02.008, 2008.
Dellapenna, T. M., Allison, M. A., Gill, G. A., Lehman, R. D., and Warnken,
K. W.: The impact of shrimp trawling and associated sediment resuspension in
mud dominated, shallow estuaries, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sc., 69,
519–530, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2006.04.024, 2006.
Depestele, J., Degrendele, K., Esmaeili, M., Ivanović, A., Kröger, S., O'Neill, F. G., Parker, R., Polet, H., Roche, M., Teal, L. R., Vanelslander, B., and Rijnsdorp, A. D.: Comparison of mechanical disturbance in soft sediments due to tickler-chain SumWing trawl vs. electro-fitted PulseWing trawl, ICES J Mar. Sci., 76, 312–329, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsy124, 2018.
Durrieu de Madron, X., Ferré, B., Le Corre, G., Grenz, C., Conan, P.,
Pujo-Pay, M., Buscail, R., and Bodiot, O.: Trawling-induced resuspension and
dispersal of muddy sediments and dissolved elements in the Gulf of Lion (NW
Mediterranean), Cont. Shelf Res., 25, 2387–2409,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2005.08.002, 2005.
Eigaard, O. R., Bastardie, F., Niels, T., Hintzen, T., Buhl-Mortensen, L.,
Buhl-Mortensen, M., Catarino, R., Dinesen, G. E., Egekvist, J., Fock, H., Geitner,
K., Gerritsen, H., Marín González, M., Jonsson, P., Kavadas, S.,
Laffargue, P., Lundy, M., Mirelis, G. G., Rasmus Nielsen, J., Papadopoulou, N.,
Posen, P. E., Pulcinella, J., Russo, T., Sala, A., Silva, C., Smith, C. J.,
Vanelslander, B., and Rijnsdorp, A. D.: The footprint of bottom trawling in European
waters: distribution, intensity, and seabed integrity, ICES J. Mar. Sci.,
74, 847–865, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw194, 2017.
European Commission: Commission Regulation (EC) No. 2244/2003 of 18 December
2003 laying gown detailed provisions regarding satellite-based Vessel
Monitoring Systems, Off. J. Eur. Union, L333, 17–27, 2003.
European Comission Fisheries & Maritime Affairs: Fleet Register on the
Net, available at: http://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/fleet/index.cfm and https://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/cfp/fishing_rules/fishing_fleet_en (last access:
31 January 2018), 2014.
Fabiano, M. and Danovaro, R.: Enzymatic activity, bacterial distribution,
and organic matter composition in sediments of the ross sea (Antarctica),
Appl. Environ. Microb., 64, 3838–3845, 1998.
Fabiano, M., Danovaro, R., and Fraschetti, S.: A three-year time series of
elemental and biochemical composition of organic matter in subtidal sandy
sediments of the Ligurian Sea (north western Mediterranean), Cont. Shelf
Res., 15, 1453–1469, 1995.
Fabiano, M., Pusceddu, A., Dell'Anno, A., Armeni, M., Vanucci, S., Lampitt,
R. S., Wolff, G. A., and Danovaro, R.: Fluxes of phytopigments and labile organic
matter to the deep ocean in the NE Atlantic Ocean, Prog. Oceanogr., 50,
89–104, 2001.
Fanelli, E., Cartes, J. E., Badalamenti, F., Rumolo, P., and Sprovieri, M.:
Trophodynamics of suprabenthic fauna on coastal muddy bottoms of the
southern Tyrrhenian Sea (western Mediterranean), J. Sea Res., 61,
174–187, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2008.10.005, 2008.
Ferré, B., Durrieu de Madron, X., Estournel, C., Ulses, C., and Le Corre,
G.: Impact of natural and anthropogenic (trawl) resuspension on the export
of particulate matter to the open ocean. Application to the Gulf of Lion (NW
Mediterranean), Cont. Shelf Res., 28, 2071–2091, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2008.02.002, 2008.
Gerchakov, S. M. and Hatcher, P. G.: Improved technique for analysis of
carbohydrates in sediments, Limnol. Oceanogr., 17, 938–943,
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1972.17.6.0938, 1972.
Hale, R., Godbold, J. A., Sciberras, M., Dwight, J., Wood, C., Hiddink, J. G.,
and Solan, M.: Mediation of macronutrients and carbon by post-disturbance
shelf sea sediment communities, Biogeochemistry, 135, 121–133, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-017-0350-9, 2017.
Hartree, E. F.: Determination of protein: A modification of the lowry method
that gives a linear photometric response, Anal. Biochem., 48, 422–427,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(72)90094-2, 1972.
Kaiser, M. J.: Significance of Bottom-Fishing Disturbance, Conserv. Biol.,
12, 1230–1235, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1998.0120061230.x, 1998.
Kaiser, M. J., Collie, J. S., Hall, S. J., Jennings, S., and Poiner, I. R.:
Modification of marine habitats by trawling activities: prognosis and
solutions, Fish Fish., 3, 114–136, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2979.2002.00079.x,
2002.
Koslow, J., Boehlert, G. W., Gordon, J. D. M., Haedrich, R. L., Lorance, P.,
and Parin, N.: Continental slope and deep-sea fisheries: implications for a
fragile ecosystem, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 57, 548–557,
https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.2000.0722, 2000.
Krishnaswamy, S., Lal, D., Martin, J. M., and Meybeck, M.: Geochronology of
lake sediments, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 11, 407–414,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(71)90202-0, 1971.
Linders, T., Nilsson, P., Wikström, A., and Sköld, M.: Distribution and
fate of trawling-induced suspension of sediments in a marine protected area, ICES J. Mar. Sci.,
75, 785–795, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx196, 2017.
Lo Iacono, C., Sulli, A., and Agate, M.: Submarine canyons of north-western
Sicily (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea): Variability in morphology, sedimentary
processes and evolution on a tectonically active margin, Deep-Sea Res. Pt.
II, 104, 93–105, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.DSR2.2013.06.018, 2014.
Lorenzen, C. and Jeffrey, J.: Determination of chlorophyll in seawater,
Technical Paper in Marine Science (UNESCO), Technical Papers in Marine Science, UNESCO, Paris, France, 35, 1–20, 1980.
L. R. 1/1980: Provvedimenti per la razionalizzazione della pesca in Sicilia, Gazzetta Ufficiale della Regione Siciliana, Palermo, Italy, 1980.
L. R. 25/1990: Modificazioni e integrazioni della legislazione regionale in
materia di pesca, Gazzetta Ufficiale della Regione Siciliana, Palermo, Italy, 1990.
L. R. 26/1987: Interventi nel settore della pesca, Gazzetta Ufficiale della Regione Siciliana, Palermo, Italy, 1987.
Marsh, J. B. and Weinstein, D. B.: Simple charring method for determination
of lipids, J. Lipid Res., 7, 574–576, 1966.
Martín, J., Puig, P., Palanques, A., and Giamportone, A.: Commercial
bottom trawling as a driver of sediment dynamics and deep seascape evolution
in the Anthropocene, Anthropocene, 7, 1–15,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ancene.2015.01.002, 2014a.
Martín, J., Puig, P., Masqué, P., Palanques, A., and
Sánchez-Gómez, A.: Impact of bottom trawling on deep-sea sediment
properties along the flanks of a submarine canyon, PLoS One, 9, e104536,
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104536, 2014b.
Martín, J., Puig, P., Palanques, A., and Ribó, M.: Trawling-induced
daily sediment resuspension in the flank of a Mediterranean submarine
canyon, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 104, 174–183,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.05.036, 2014c.
Miralles, J., Radakovitch, O., and Aloisi, J. C.: 210Pb sedimentation rates
from the Northwestern Mediterranean margin, Mar. Geol., 216, 155–167,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2005.02.020, 2005.
Morato, T., Watson, R., Pitcher, T. J., and Pauly, D.: Fishing down the deep,
Fish Fish., 7, 24–34, 2006.
Nieuwenhuize, J., Maas, Y. E. M., and Middelburg, J. J.: Rapid analysis of
organic carbon and nitrogen in particulate materials, Mar. Chem., 45,
217–224, 1994.
Oberle, F. K. J., Swarzenski, P. W., Reddy, C. M., Nelson, R. K., Baasch, B.,
and Hanebuth, T. J. J.: Deciphering the lithological consequences of bottom
trawling to sedimentary habitats on the shelf, J. Marine Syst., 159, 120–131,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2015.12.008, 2016.
Oberle, F. K. J., Puig, P., and Martín, J.: Fishing Activities,
503–534, Springer, Cham., 2018.
O'Neill, F. G. and Ivanović, A.: The physical impact of towed demersal
fishing gears on soft sediments, ICES J. Mar. Sci. J. Cons., 73,
i5–i14, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv125, 2016.
Palanques, A., Puig, P., Guillén, J., Demestre, M., and Martín, J.:
Effects of bottom trawling on the Ebro continental shelf sedimentary system
(NW Mediterranean), Cont. Shelf Res., 72, 83–98,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2013.10.008, 2014.
Paradis, S., Puig, P., Masqué, P., Juan-Díaz, X., Martín, J.,
and Palanques, A.: Bottom-trawling along submarine canyons impacts deep
sedimentary regimes, Sci. Rep.-UK, 7, 43332, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep43332, 2017.
Paradis, S., Sanchez-Vidal, A., Masqué, P., Garcia-Orellana, J.,
Calafat, A., and Canals, M.: Spatial distribution of sedimentation-rate
increases in Blanes Canyon caused by technification of bottom trawling
fleet, Prog. Oceanogr., 169, 241–252, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.POCEAN.2018.07.001,
2018.
Pauly, D., Christensen, V., Guénette, S., Pitcher, T. J., Sumaila, U.
R., Walters, C. J., Watson, R., and Zeller, D.: Towards sustainability in
world fisheries, Nature, 418, 689–695, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01017, 2002.
Pipitone, C., Badalamenti, F., D'Anna, G., and Patti, B.: Fish biomass
increase after a four-year trawl ban in the Gulf of Castellammare (NW
Sicily, Mediterranean Sea), Fish. Res., 48, 23–30,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(00)00114-4, 2000.
Polymenakou, P. N., Pusceddu, A., Tselepides, A., Polychronaki, T.,
Giannakourou, A., Fiordelmondo, C., Hatziyanni, E., and Danovaro, R.: Benthic
microbial abundance and activities in an intensively trawled ecosystem
(Thermaikos Gulf, Aegean Sea), Cont. Shelf Res., 25, 2570–2584,
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CSR.2005.08.018, 2005.
Pope, R. H., Demaster, D. J., Smith, C. R., and Seltmann, H.: Rapid
bioturbation in equatorial Pacific sediments: evidence from excess
234Th measurements, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II,
43, 1339–1364, https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(96)00009-4, 1996.
Puig, P., Canals, M., Company, J. B., Martín, J., Amblas, D., Lastras,
G., and Palanques, A.: Ploughing the deep sea floor, Nature, 489,
286–289, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11410, 2012.
Puig, P., Martín, J., Masqué, P., and Palanques, A.: Increasing
sediment accumulation rates in La Fonera (Palamós) submarine canyon axis
and their relationship with bottom trawling activities, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
42, 8106–8113, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065052, 2015.
Pusceddu, A., Fiordelmondo, C., Polymenakou, P., Polychronaki, T.,
Tselepides, A., and Danovaro, R.: Effects of bottom trawling on the quantity
and biochemical composition of organic matter in coastal marine sediments
(Thermaikos Gulf, northwestern Aegean Sea), Cont. Shelf Res., 25,
2491–2505, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2005.08.013, 2005a.
Pusceddu, A., Grémare, A., Escoubeyrou, K., Amouroux, J. M.,
Fiordelmondo, C., and Danovaro, R.: Impact of natural (storm) and
anthropogenic (trawling) sediment resuspension on particulate organic matter
in coastal environments, Cont. Shelf Res., 25, 2506–2520,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2005.08.012, 2005b.
Pusceddu, A., Bianchelli, S., Canals, M., Sanchez-Vidal, A., Durrieu de
Madron, X., Heussner, S., Lykousis, V., deStigter, H., Trincardi, F., and
Danovaro, R.: Organic matter in sediments of canyons and open slopes of the
Portuguese, Catalan, Southern Adriatic and Cretan Sea margins, Deep-Sea Res.
Pt. I, 57, 441–457, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2009.11.008,
2010.
Pusceddu, A., Bianchelli, S., Martín, J., Puig, P., Palanques, A.,
Masqué, P., and Danovaro, R.: Chronic and intensive bottom trawling
impairs deep-sea biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, P. Natl. Acad.
Sci. USA, 111, 8861–8866, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1405454111, 2014.
Pusceddu, A., Bianchelli, S., and Danovaro, R.: Quantity and biochemical
composition of particulate organic matter in a highly trawled area
(Thermaikos Gulf, Eastern Mediterranean Sea), Adv. Oceanogr. Limnol.,
6, 21–32, https://doi.org/10.4081/aiol.2015.5448, 2015.
Regione Siciliana: Piano di tutela delle acque della Sicilia, SOGESID, Palermo, Sicilia, 243 pp., 2007.
Rice, D. L.: The Detritus Nitrogen Problem: New Observations and
Perspectives from Organic Geochemistry, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 9, 153–162,
1982.
Roberts, C. M.: Deep impact: The rising toll of fishing in the deep sea,
Trends Ecol. Evol., 17, 242–245, 2002.
Romano, C., Fanelli, E., D'Anna, G., Pipitone, C., Vizzini, S., Mazzola, A.,
and Badalamenti, F.: Spatial variability of soft-bottom macrobenthic communities
in northern Sicily (Western Mediterranean): Contrasting trawled vs.
untrawled areas, Mar. Environ. Res., 122, 113–125,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.10.002, 2016.
Russo, T., Parisi, A., and Cataudella, S.: New insights in interpolating
fishing tracks from VMS data for different métiers, Fish. Res.,
108, 184–194, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2010.12.020, 2011.
Russo, T., Parisi, A., Garofalo, G., Gristina, M., Cataudella, S., and
Fiorentino, F.: SMART: A Spatially Explicit Bio-Economic Model for Assessing
and Managing Demersal Fisheries, with an Application to Italian Trawlers in
the Strait of Sicily, edited by: MacKenzie, B. R., PLoS One, 9, e86222,
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086222, 2014.
Sanchez-Cabeza, J. A., Masqué, P., and Ani-Ragolta, I.: Pb-210 and Po-210
analysis in sediments and soils by microwave acid digestion, J. Radioanal.
Nucl. Ch., 227, 19–22, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02386425, 1998.
Sanchez-Cabeza, J. A., Masqué, P., Ani-Ragolta, I., Merino, J., Frignani,
M., Alvisi, F., Palanques, A., and Puig, P.: Sediment accumulation rates in the
southern Barcelona continental margin (NW Mediterranean Sea) derived from
210Pb and 137Cs chronology, Prog. Oceanogr., 44, 313–332,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6611(99)00031-2, 1999.
Sañé, E., Martín, J., Puig, P., and Palanques, A.: Organic biomarkers in deep-sea regions affected by bottom trawling: pigments, fatty acids, amino acids and carbohydrates in surface sediments from the La Fonera (Palamós) Canyon, NW Mediterranean Sea, Biogeosciences, 10, 8093–8108, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8093-2013, 2013.
Sarà, G., Scilipoti, D., Milazzo, M., and Modica, A.: Use of stable
isotopes to investigate dispersal of waste from fish farms as a function of
hydrodynamics, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 313, 261–270, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps313261,
2006.
Sciberras, M., Parker, R., Powell, C., Robertson, C., Kröger, S., Bolam,
S., and Hiddink, J. G.: Impacts of bottom fishing on the sediment infaunal
community and biogeochemistry of cohesive and non-cohesive sediments,
Limnol. Oceanogr., 61, 2076–2089, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10354, 2016.
Simpson, A. and Watling, A.: An investigation of the cumulative impacts of
shrimp trawling on mud-bottom fishing grounds in the Gulf of Maine: effects
on habitat and macrofaunal community structure, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 63,
1616–1630, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2006.07.008, 2006.
Stephens, M. P., Kadko, D. C., Smith, C. R., and Latasa, M.: Chlorophyll-a
and pheopigments as tracers of labile organic carbon at the central
equatorial Pacific seafloor, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 61, 4605–4619,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00358-X, 1997
Tiano, J. C., Witbaard, R., Bergman, M. J. N., van Rijswijk, P., Tramper, A.,
van Oevelen, D., and Soetaert, K.: Acute impacts of bottom trawl gears on
benthic metabolism and nutrient cycling, ICES J. Mar. Sci., https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz060, online first, 2019.
Trimmer, M., Petersen, J., Sivyer, D. B., Mills, C., Young, E., and Parker, E. R.: Impact of long-term benthic trawl disturbance on sediment sorting and
biogeochemistry in the southern North Sea, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 298,
79–94, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps298079, 2005.
Tselepides, A., Polychronaki, T., Marrale, D., Akoumianaki, I., Dell'Anno,
A., Pusceddu, A., and Danovaro, R.: Organic matter composition of the
continental shelf and bathyal sediments of the Cretan Sea (NE
Mediterranean), Prog. Oceanogr., 46, 311–344,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6611(00)00024-0, 2000.
van de Velde, S., Van Lancker, V., Hidalgo-Martinez, S., Berelson, W. M., and
Meysman, F. J. R.: Anthropogenic disturbance keeps the coastal seafloor
biogeochemistry in a transient state, Sci. Rep.-UK, 8, 5582,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-23925-y, 2018.
van Nugteren, P., Moodley, L., Brummer, G.-J., Heip, C. H. R., Herman, P. M.
J., and Middelburg, J. J.: Seafloor ecosystem functioning: the importance of
organic matter priming, Mar. Biol., 156, 2277–2287,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-009-1255-5, 2009.
van Weering, T. C. E., Hall, I. R., de Stigter, H. C., McCave, I. N., and
Thomsen, L.: Recent sediments, sediment accumulation and carbon burial at
Goban Spur, N.W. European Continental Margin (47–50∘ N), Prog.
Oceanogr., 42, 5–35, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6611(98)00026-3, 1998.
Whitmarsh, D., Carl, J., Pickering, H., Pipitone, C., Badalamenti, F.,
and D'Anna, G.: Economic Effects of Fisheries Exclusion Zones: A Sicilian Case
Study, Mar. Resour. Econ., 17, 239–250, https://doi.org/10.1086/mre.17.3.42629366, 2002.
Wilson, A. M., Kiriakoulakis, K., Raine, R., Gerritsen, H. D., Blackbird, S.,
Allcocke, A. L., and White, M.: Anthropogenic influence on sediment transport in
the Whittard Canyon, NE Atlantic, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 101, 320–329,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.10.067, 2015.
Witte, U., Aberle, N., Sand, M., and Wenzhöfer, F.: Rapid response of a
deep-sea benthic community to POM enrichment: an in situ experimental study,
Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 251, 27–36, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps251027, 2003.
Short summary
Chronic deep bottom trawling in the Gulf of Castellammare (SW Mediterranean) erodes large volumes of sediment, exposing over-century-old sediment depleted in organic matter. Nevertheless, the arrival of fresh and nutritious sediment recovers superficial organic matter in trawling grounds and leads to high turnover rates, partially and temporarily mitigating the impacts of bottom trawling. However, this deposition is ephemeral and it will be swiftly eroded by the passage of the next trawler.
Chronic deep bottom trawling in the Gulf of Castellammare (SW Mediterranean) erodes large...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint