Articles | Volume 17, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-135-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-135-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
15 Jan 2020
Research article |
| 15 Jan 2020
| 15 Jan 2020
Tracing terrestrial versus marine sources of dissolved organic carbon in a coastal bay using stable carbon isotopes
Shin-Ah Lee
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences–Research Institute of
Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
Tae-Hoon Kim
Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, Jeju National University,
Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences–Research Institute of
Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
Related authors
Shin-Ah Lee and Guebuem Kim
Biogeosciences, 15, 1115–1122, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1115-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1115-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) delivered from riverine discharges significantly affects carbon and biogeochemical cycles in coastal waters. Our results show that the terrestrial concentrations of humic-like FDOM in river water were 60–80 % higher in the summer and fall, while the in situ production of protein-like FDOM was 70–80 % higher in the spring. Our results suggest that there are large seasonal changes in riverine fluxes of FDOM components to the ocean.
Junhyeong Seo, Heejun Han, Intae Kim, and Guebuem Kim
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-501, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-501, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Biogeosciences (BG).
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines methodological uncertainties in FDOM (fluorescent dissolved organic matter) measurements due to filter blanks, pore sizes, and storage conditions. Results show that pre-cleaning filters and optimizing storage improve measurement reliability. These finding minimize procedural errors and provide clear guidelines for FDOM analysis, emphasizing the need for method standardization in marine biogeochemical research.
Christian Lønborg, Cátia Carreira, Gwenaël Abril, Susana Agustí, Valentina Amaral, Agneta Andersson, Javier Arístegui, Punyasloke Bhadury, Mariana B. Bif, Alberto V. Borges, Steven Bouillon, Maria Ll. Calleja, Luiz C. Cotovicz Jr., Stefano Cozzi, Maryló Doval, Carlos M. Duarte, Bradley Eyre, Cédric G. Fichot, E. Elena García-Martín, Alexandra Garzon-Garcia, Michele Giani, Rafael Gonçalves-Araujo, Renee Gruber, Dennis A. Hansell, Fuminori Hashihama, Ding He, Johnna M. Holding, William R. Hunter, J. Severino P. Ibánhez, Valeria Ibello, Shan Jiang, Guebuem Kim, Katja Klun, Piotr Kowalczuk, Atsushi Kubo, Choon-Weng Lee, Cláudia B. Lopes, Federica Maggioni, Paolo Magni, Celia Marrase, Patrick Martin, S. Leigh McCallister, Roisin McCallum, Patricia M. Medeiros, Xosé Anxelu G. Morán, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Allison Myers-Pigg, Marit Norli, Joanne M. Oakes, Helena Osterholz, Hyekyung Park, Maria Lund Paulsen, Judith A. Rosentreter, Jeff D. Ross, Digna Rueda-Roa, Chiara Santinelli, Yuan Shen, Eva Teira, Tinkara Tinta, Guenther Uher, Masahide Wakita, Nicholas Ward, Kenta Watanabe, Yu Xin, Youhei Yamashita, Liyang Yang, Jacob Yeo, Huamao Yuan, Qiang Zheng, and Xosé Antón Álvarez-Salgado
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1107–1119, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1107-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1107-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, we present the first edition of a global database compiling previously published and unpublished measurements of dissolved organic matter (DOM) collected in coastal waters (CoastDOM v1). Overall, the CoastDOM v1 dataset will be useful to identify global spatial and temporal patterns and to facilitate reuse in studies aimed at better characterizing local biogeochemical processes and identifying a baseline for modelling future changes in coastal waters.
Heejun Han, Jeomshik Hwang, and Guebuem Kim
Biogeosciences, 18, 1793–1801, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1793-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1793-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The main source of excess DOC occurring in coastal seawater off an artificial lake, which is enclosed by a dike along the western coast of South Korea, was determined using a combination of various biogeochemical tools including DOC and nutrient concentrations, stable carbon isotope, and optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) of dissolved organic matter in two different seasons (March 2017 and September 2018).
Heejun Han, Guebuem Kim, Hojong Seo, Kyung-Hoon Shin, and Dong-Hun Lee
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 2709–2718, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-2709-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-2709-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We found significant seasonal variations in optical and chemical properties of organic aerosols in the urban region and changes in
photo-resistivity of light-absorbing organic aerosols (e.g., brown carbon) owing to the high UV radiation in the atmosphere. Our results suggest that photochemical degradation plays a significant role in light-absorbing organic aerosol abundances and might be an important removal mechanism of
light-absorbing aerosols in the atmosphere.
Shin-Ah Lee and Guebuem Kim
Biogeosciences, 15, 1115–1122, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1115-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1115-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) delivered from riverine discharges significantly affects carbon and biogeochemical cycles in coastal waters. Our results show that the terrestrial concentrations of humic-like FDOM in river water were 60–80 % higher in the summer and fall, while the in situ production of protein-like FDOM was 70–80 % higher in the spring. Our results suggest that there are large seasonal changes in riverine fluxes of FDOM components to the ocean.
Heejun Han and Guebuem Kim
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-554, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-554, 2017
Revised manuscript has not been submitted
Short summary
Short summary
This paper evaluates significant seasonal changes in atmospheric humic-like substance (HULIS) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in Seoul, Korea. We found that these changes were greatly induced by UV radiation over different seasons, and this was further confirmed by a laboratory experiment. Our results suggest that photochemical degradation plays a significant role in HULIS abundances in the atmosphere and might be an important removal mechanism of light-absorbing organic aerosols.
Tae-Hoon Kim, Guebuem Kim, Yuan Shen, and Ronald Benner
Biogeosciences, 14, 2561–2570, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2561-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2561-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Significantly high total hydrolysable amino acid concentrations and yields were observed in the East/Japan Sea of deep-water formation, indicating the convection of margin-derived bioavailable dissolved organic matter to deep waters. Our observational results suggest that the effective transport of bioavailable DOM to the deep ocean can be significantly sensitive to changes in the deep-water renewal rates and in temperature of the surface ocean, linked to global warming.
G. Yan and G. Kim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2761–2774, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2761-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2761-2015, 2015
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Coastal Ocean
Long-term variations in pH in coastal waters along the Korean Peninsula
The effect of carbonate mineral additions on biogeochemical conditions in surface sediments and benthic–pelagic exchange fluxes
Assessing the impacts of simulated ocean alkalinity enhancement on viability and growth of nearshore species of phytoplankton
Responses of microbial metabolic rates to non-equilibrated silicate- versus calcium-based ocean alkalinity enhancement
High metabolic zinc demand within native Amundsen and Ross sea phytoplankton communities determined by stable isotope uptake rate measurements
The influence of zooplankton and oxygen on the particulate organic carbon flux in the Benguela Upwelling System
Reviews and syntheses: Biological indicators of low-oxygen stress in marine water-breathing animals
Temperature-enhanced effects of iron on Southern Ocean phytoplankton
Riverine nutrient impact on global ocean nitrogen cycle feedbacks and marine primary production in an Earth system model
Effects of Submarine Groundwater on Nutrient Concentration and Primary Production in a Deep Bay of the Japan Sea
The Northeast Greenland Shelf as a potential late-summer CO2 source to the atmosphere
Technical note: Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Pelagic Impact Intercomparison Project (OAEPIIP)
Estimates of carbon sequestration potential in an expanding Arctic fjord (Hornsund, Svalbard) affected by dark plumes of glacial meltwater
An assessment of ocean alkalinity enhancement using aqueous hydroxides: kinetics, efficiency, and precipitation thresholds
Dissolved nitric oxide in the lower Elbe Estuary and the Port of Hamburg area
The bacteria-protist link as a main route of dissolved organic matter across contrasting productivity areas in the Patagonian Shelf
Technical note: New approach for the determination of N2 fixation rates by coupling a membrane equilibrator to a mass spectrometer on voluntary observing ships
Variable contribution of wastewater treatment plant effluents to downstream nitrous oxide concentrations and emissions
Depositional controls and budget of organic carbon burial in fine-grained sediments of the North Sea – the Helgoland Mud Area as a test field
Improved understanding of eutrophication trends, indicators and problem areas using machine learning
Distribution of nutrients and dissolved organic matter in a eutrophic equatorial estuary: the Johor River and the East Johor Strait
Amplified bottom water acidification rates on the Bering Sea shelf from 1970–2022
Investigating the effect of silicate- and calcium-based ocean alkalinity enhancement on diatom silicification
Ocean alkalinity enhancement using sodium carbonate salts does not lead to measurable changes in Fe dynamics in a mesocosm experiment
Quantification and mitigation of bottom-trawling impacts on sedimentary organic carbon stocks in the North Sea
Influence of ocean alkalinity enhancement with olivine or steel slag on a coastal plankton community in Tasmania
Reviews and synthesis: increasing hypoxia in eastern boundary upwelling systems: a major stressor for zooplankton
Multi-model comparison of trends and controls of near-bed oxygen concentration on the northwest European continental shelf under climate change
Picoplanktonic methane production in eutrophic surface waters
Vertical mixing alleviates autumnal oxygen deficiency in the central North Sea
Hypoxia also occurs in small highly turbid estuaries: the example of the Charente (Bay of Biscay)
Seasonality and response of ocean acidification and hypoxia to major environmental anomalies in the southern Salish Sea, North America (2014–2018)
Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) does not cause cellular stress in a phytoplankton community of the sub-tropical Atlantic Ocean
Oceanographic processes driving low-oxygen conditions inside Patagonian fjords
Above- and belowground plant mercury dynamics in a salt marsh estuary in Massachusetts, USA
Variability and drivers of carbonate chemistry at shellfish aquaculture sites in the Salish Sea, British Columbia
Unusual Hemiaulus bloom influences ocean productivity in Northeastern US Shelf waters
Insights into carbonate environmental conditions in the Chukchi Sea
UAV approaches for improved mapping of vegetation cover and estimation of carbon storage of small saltmarshes: examples from Loch Fleet, northeast Scotland
Iron “ore” nothing: benthic iron fluxes from the oxygen-deficient Santa Barbara Basin enhance phytoplankton productivity in surface waters
Marine anoxia initiates giant sulfur-oxidizing bacterial mat proliferation and associated changes in benthic nitrogen, sulfur, and iron cycling in the Santa Barbara Basin, California Borderland
Uncertainty in the evolution of northwestern North Atlantic circulation leads to diverging biogeochemical projections
The additionality problem of ocean alkalinity enhancement
Short-term variation in pH in seawaters around coastal areas of Japan: characteristics and forcings
Revisiting the applicability and constraints of molybdenum- and uranium-based paleo redox proxies: comparing two contrasting sill fjords
Influence of a small submarine canyon on biogenic matter export flux in the lower St. Lawrence Estuary, eastern Canada
Single-celled bioturbators: benthic foraminifera mediate oxygen penetration and prokaryotic diversity in intertidal sediment
Assessing impacts of coastal warming, acidification, and deoxygenation on Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) farming: a case study in the Hinase area, Okayama Prefecture, and Shizugawa Bay, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan
Multiple nitrogen sources for primary production inferred from δ13C and δ15N in the southern Sea of Japan
Influence of manganese cycling on alkalinity in the redox stratified water column of Chesapeake Bay
Yong-Woo Lee, Mi-Ok Park, Seong-Gil Kim, Tae-Hoon Kim, Yong Hwa Oh, Sang Heon Lee, and DongJoo Joung
Biogeosciences, 22, 675–690, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-675-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-675-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term pH variation in coastal waters along the Korean Peninsula was assessed for the first time, and it exhibited no significant pH change over an 11-year period. This contrasts with the ongoing pH decline in open oceans and other coastal areas. Analysis of environmental data showed that pH is mainly controlled by dissolved oxygen in bottom waters. This suggests that ocean warming could cause a pH decline in Korean coastal waters, affecting many fish and seaweed aquaculture operations.
Kadir Biçe, Tristen Myers Stewart, George G. Waldbusser, and Christof Meile
Biogeosciences, 22, 641–657, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-641-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-641-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the effect of addition of carbonate minerals on coastal sediments. We carried out laboratory experiments to quantify the dissolution kinetics and integrated these observations into a numerical model that describes biogeochemical cycling in surficial sediments. Using the model, we demonstrate the buffering effect of the mineral additions and their duration. We quantify the effect under different environmental conditions and assess the potential for increased atmospheric CO2 uptake.
Jessica L. Oberlander, Mackenzie E. Burke, Cat A. London, and Hugh L. MacIntyre
Biogeosciences, 22, 499–512, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-499-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-499-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is a promising negative emission technology that results in the net sequestration of atmospheric carbon. In this paper, we assess the potential impact of OAE on phytoplankton through an analysis of prior studies and the effects of simulated OAE on photosynthetic competence. Our findings suggest that there may be little if any significant impact on most phytoplankton studied to date if OAE is conducted in well-flushed, nearshore environments.
Laura Marín-Samper, Javier Arístegui, Nauzet Hernández-Hernández, and Ulf Riebesell
Biogeosciences, 21, 5707–5724, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5707-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5707-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study exposed a natural community to two non-CO2-equilibrated ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) deployments using different minerals. Adding alkalinity in this manner decreases dissolved CO2, essential for photosynthesis. While photosynthesis was not suppressed, bloom formation was mildly delayed, potentially impacting marine food webs. The study emphasizes the need for further research on OAE without prior equilibration and on its ecological implications.
Riss M. Kell, Rebecca J. Chmiel, Deepa Rao, Dawn M. Moran, Matthew R. McIlvin, Tristan J. Horner, Nicole L. Schanke, Ichiko Sugiyama, Robert B. Dunbar, Giacomo R. DiTullio, and Mak A. Saito
Biogeosciences, 21, 5685–5706, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5685-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5685-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Despite interest in modeling the biogeochemical uptake and cycling of the trace metal zinc (Zn), measurements of Zn uptake in natural marine phytoplankton communities have not been conducted previously. To fill this gap, we employed a stable isotope uptake rate measurement method to quantify Zn uptake into natural phytoplankton assemblages within the Southern Ocean. Zn demand was high and rapid enough to depress the inventory of Zn available to phytoplankton on seasonal timescales.
Luisa Chiara Meiritz, Tim Rixen, Anja Karin van der Plas, Tarron Lamont, and Niko Lahajnar
Biogeosciences, 21, 5261–5276, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5261-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5261-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Moored and drifting sediment trap experiments in the northern (nBUS) and southern (sBUS) Benguela Upwelling System showed that active carbon fluxes by vertically migrating zooplankton were about 3 times higher in the sBUS than in the nBUS. Despite these large variabilities, the mean passive particulate organic carbon (POC) fluxes were almost equal in the two subsystems. The more intense near-bottom oxygen minimum layer seems to lead to higher POC fluxes and accumulation rates in the nBUS.
Michael R. Roman, Andrew H. Altieri, Denise Breitburg, Erica M. Ferrer, Natalya D. Gallo, Shin-ichi Ito, Karin Limburg, Kenneth Rose, Moriaki Yasuhara, and Lisa A. Levin
Biogeosciences, 21, 4975–5004, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4975-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4975-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Oxygen-depleted ocean waters have increased worldwide. In order to improve our understanding of the impacts of this oxygen loss on marine life it is essential that we develop reliable indicators that track the negative impacts of low oxygen. We review various indicators of low-oxygen stress for marine animals including their use, research needs, and application to confront the challenges of ocean oxygen loss.
Charlotte Eich, Mathijs van Manen, J. Scott P. McCain, Loay J. Jabre, Willem H. van de Poll, Jinyoung Jung, Sven B. E. H. Pont, Hung-An Tian, Indah Ardiningsih, Gert-Jan Reichart, Erin M. Bertrand, Corina P. D. Brussaard, and Rob Middag
Biogeosciences, 21, 4637–4663, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4637-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4637-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Phytoplankton growth in the Southern Ocean (SO) is often limited by low iron (Fe) concentrations. Sea surface warming impacts Fe availability and can affect phytoplankton growth. We used shipboard Fe clean incubations to test how changes in Fe and temperature affect SO phytoplankton. Their abundances usually increased with Fe addition and temperature increase, with Fe being the major factor. These findings imply potential shifts in ecosystem structure, impacting food webs and elemental cycling.
Miriam Tivig, David P. Keller, and Andreas Oschlies
Biogeosciences, 21, 4469–4493, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4469-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4469-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Marine biological production is highly dependent on the availability of nitrogen and phosphorus. Rivers are the main source of phosphorus to the oceans but poorly represented in global model oceans. We include dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus from river export in a global model ocean and find that the addition of riverine phosphorus affects marine biology on millennial timescales more than riverine nitrogen alone. Globally, riverine phosphorus input increases primary production rates.
Menghong Dong, Xinyu Guo, Takuya Matsuura, Taichi Tebakari, and Jing Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2581, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2581, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), a common coastal hydrological process that involves submarine inflow of groundwater into the sea, is associated with a large nutrient load. To clarify the distribution of SGD-derived nutrients after release at the bottom of the sea and their contribution to phytoplankton growth in the marine ecosystem, we modeled the SGD process in Toyama Bay using a specialized computer code that can distinguish SGD-derived nutrients from nutrients from other sources.
Esdoorn Willcox, Marcos Lemes, Thomas Juul-Pedersen, Mikael Kristian Sejr, Johnna Marchiano Holding, and Søren Rysgaard
Biogeosciences, 21, 4037–4050, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4037-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4037-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we measured the chemistry of seawater from samples obtained from different depths and locations off the east coast of the Northeast Greenland National Park to determine what is influencing concentrations of dissolved CO2. Historically, the region has always been thought to take up CO2 from the atmosphere, but we show that it is possible for the region to become a source in late summer. We discuss the variables that may be related to such changes.
Lennart Thomas Bach, Aaron James Ferderer, Julie LaRoche, and Kai Georg Schulz
Biogeosciences, 21, 3665–3676, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3665-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3665-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is an emerging marine CO2 removal method, but its environmental effects are insufficiently understood. The OAE Pelagic Impact Intercomparison Project (OAEPIIP) provides funding for a standardized and globally replicated microcosm experiment to study the effects of OAE on plankton communities. Here, we provide a detailed manual for the OAEPIIP experiment. We expect OAEPIIP to help build scientific consensus on the effects of OAE on plankton.
Marlena Szeligowska, Déborah Benkort, Anna Przyborska, Mateusz Moskalik, Bernabé Moreno, Emilia Trudnowska, and Katarzyna Błachowiak-Samołyk
Biogeosciences, 21, 3617–3639, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3617-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3617-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The European Arctic is experiencing rapid regional warming, causing glaciers that terminate in the sea to retreat onto land. Due to this process, the area of a well-studied fjord, Hornsund, has increased by around 100 km2 (40%) since 1976. Combining satellite and in situ data with a mathematical model, we estimated that, despite some negative consequences of glacial meltwater release, such emerging coastal waters could mitigate climate change by increasing carbon uptake and storage by sediments.
Mallory C. Ringham, Nathan Hirtle, Cody Shaw, Xi Lu, Julian Herndon, Brendan R. Carter, and Matthew D. Eisaman
Biogeosciences, 21, 3551–3570, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3551-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3551-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement leverages the large surface area and carbon storage capacity of the oceans to store atmospheric CO2 as dissolved bicarbonate. We monitored CO2 uptake in seawater treated with NaOH to establish operational boundaries for carbon removal experiments. Results show that CO2 equilibration occurred on the order of weeks to months, was consistent with values expected from equilibration calculations, and was limited by mineral precipitation at high pH and CaCO3 saturation.
Riel Carlo O. Ingeniero, Gesa Schulz, and Hermann W. Bange
Biogeosciences, 21, 3425–3440, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3425-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3425-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our research is the first to measure dissolved NO concentrations in temperate estuarine waters, providing insights into its distribution under varying conditions and enhancing our understanding of its production processes. Dissolved NO was supersaturated in the Elbe Estuary, indicating that it is a source of atmospheric NO. The observed distribution of dissolved NO most likely resulted from nitrification.
Celeste López-Abbate, John E. Garzón-Cardona, Ricardo Silva, Juan-Carlos Molinero, Laura A. Ruiz-Etcheverry, Ana M. Martínez, Azul S. Gilabert, and Rubén J. Lara
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1860, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1860, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines how microbial community structure, growth, and grazing impact the DOM pool in the Patagonian Shelf. Despite higher phytoplankton biomass, faster-growing bacteria were selectively grazed by protists leading to DOM accumulation, likely due to a reduction in DOM-consuming bacteria and the addition of egestion compounds. Experimental data showed that while bacteria remained as the primarily shapers of DOM quality, grazing pressure impacted on DOM accumulation.
Sören Iwe, Oliver Schmale, and Bernd Schneider
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2049, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2049, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present a novel method to quantify N2 fixation by cyanobacteria, crucial in Baltic Sea eutrophication. Our Gas Equilibrium – Membrane-Inlet Mass Spectrometer (GE-MIMS), designed for operation on voluntary observing ships (VOS), enables large-scale monitoring of surface water N2 depletion caused by N2 fixation. Laboratory tests confirm the device’s accuracy and precision, ensuring it can complement current methods and contribute valuable data to better understand N2 fixation in the Baltic Sea.
Weiyi Tang, Jeff Talbott, Timothy Jones, and Bess B. Ward
Biogeosciences, 21, 3239–3250, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3239-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3239-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are known to be hotspots of greenhouse gas emissions. However, the impact of WWTPs on the emission of the greenhouse gas N2O in downstream aquatic environments is less constrained. We found spatially and temporally variable but overall higher N2O concentrations and fluxes in waters downstream of WWTPs, pointing to the need for efficient N2O removal in addition to the treatment of nitrogen in WWTPs.
Daniel Müller, Bo Liu, Walter Geibert, Moritz Holtappels, Lasse Sander, Elda Miramontes, Heidi Taubner, Susann Henkel, Kai-Uwe Hinrichs, Denise Bethke, Ingrid Dohrmann, and Sabine Kasten
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1632, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1632, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Coastal and shelf sediments are the most important sinks for organic carbon (OC) on Earth. We produced a new high-resolution sediment and pore-water dataset from the Helgoland Mud Area (HMA), North Sea, to determine, which depositional factors control the preservation of OC. The burial efficiency is highest in an area of high sedimentation and terrigenous OC. The HMA covers 0.09 % of the North Sea, but accounts for 0.76 % of its OC accumulation, highlighting the importance of the depocentre.
Deep S. Banerjee and Jozef Skakala
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.171405637.76928549/v1, https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.171405637.76928549/v1, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrate is a crucial nutrient in oceans. Excess nutrients can trigger uncontrolled algae growth (eutrophication), damaging marine ecosystems. We used a machine learning tool to generate a skilled, gap-free, bi-decadal surface nitrate dataset from sparse observations. This dataset reveals areas on the North West European Shelf at risk of eutrophication, bi-decadal trends in coastal nitrate, and an impact of winter nitrate on spring phytoplankton blooms.
Amanda Y. L. Cheong, Kogila Vani Annammala, Ee Ling Yong, Yongli Zhou, Robert S. Nichols, and Patrick Martin
Biogeosciences, 21, 2955–2971, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2955-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2955-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured nutrients and dissolved organic matter for 1 year in a eutrophic tropical estuary to understand their sources and cycling. Our data show that the dissolved organic matter originates partly from land and partly from microbial processes in the water. Internal recycling is likely important for maintaining high nutrient concentrations, and we found that there is often excess nitrogen compared to silicon and phosphorus. Our data help to explain how eutrophication persists in this system.
Darren Pilcher, Jessica Cross, Natalie Monacci, Linquan Mu, Kelly Kearney, Albert Hermann, and Wei Cheng
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1096, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1096, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Bering Sea shelf is a highly productive marine ecosystem that is vulnerable to ocean acidification. We use a computational model to simulate the carbon cycle and acidification rates from 1970–2022. The results suggest that bottom water acidification rates are more than twice as great as surface rates. Bottom waters are also naturally more acidic, thus these waters will pass key thresholds known to negatively impact marine organisms, such as red king crab, much sooner than surface waters.
Aaron Ferderer, Kai G. Schulz, Ulf Riebesell, Kirralee G. Baker, Zanna Chase, and Lennart T. Bach
Biogeosciences, 21, 2777–2794, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2777-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2777-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is a promising method of atmospheric carbon removal; however, its ecological impacts remain largely unknown. We assessed the effects of simulated silicate- and calcium-based mineral OAE on diatom silicification. We found that increased silicate concentrations from silicate-based OAE increased diatom silicification. In contrast, the enhancement of alkalinity had no effect on community silicification and minimal effects on the silicification of different genera.
David González-Santana, María Segovia, Melchor González-Dávila, Librada Ramírez, Aridane G. González, Leonardo J. Pozzo-Pirotta, Veronica Arnone, Victor Vázquez, Ulf Riebesell, and J. Magdalena Santana-Casiano
Biogeosciences, 21, 2705–2715, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2705-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2705-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In a recent experiment off the coast of Gran Canaria (Spain), scientists explored a method called ocean alkalinization enhancement (OAE), where carbonate minerals were added to seawater. This process changed the levels of certain ions in the water, affecting its pH and buffering capacity. The researchers were particularly interested in how this could impact the levels of essential trace metals in the water.
Lucas Porz, Wenyan Zhang, Nils Christiansen, Jan Kossack, Ute Daewel, and Corinna Schrum
Biogeosciences, 21, 2547–2570, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2547-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2547-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Seafloor sediments store a large amount of carbon, helping to naturally regulate Earth's climate. If disturbed, some sediment particles can turn into CO2, but this effect is not well understood. Using computer simulations, we found that bottom-contacting fishing gears release about 1 million tons of CO2 per year in the North Sea, one of the most heavily fished regions globally. We show how protecting certain areas could reduce these emissions while also benefitting seafloor-living animals.
Jiaying A. Guo, Robert F. Strzepek, Kerrie M. Swadling, Ashley T. Townsend, and Lennart T. Bach
Biogeosciences, 21, 2335–2354, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2335-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2335-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement aims to increase atmospheric CO2 sequestration by adding alkaline materials to the ocean. We assessed the environmental effects of olivine and steel slag powder on coastal plankton. Overall, slag is more efficient than olivine in releasing total alkalinity and, thus, in its ability to sequester CO2. Slag also had less environmental effect on the enclosed plankton communities when considering its higher CO2 removal potential based on this 3-week experiment.
Leissing Frederick, Mauricio A. Urbina, and Ruben Escribano
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-836, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-836, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Evidence shows that due to global warming zooplankton inhabiting the coastal upwelling zone are exposed to increasing hypoxia affecting their physiology, metabolism, and population dynamics. The adaptive responses of zooplankton to cope with mild/severe hypoxia may depend on trade-offs with other metabolic/energy-demands, implying less energy for growth, feeding and reproduction with ecological consequences for the zooplankton populations and the marine food web.
Giovanni Galli, Sarah Wakelin, James Harle, Jason Holt, and Yuri Artioli
Biogeosciences, 21, 2143–2158, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2143-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2143-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This work shows that, under a high-emission scenario, oxygen concentration in deep water of parts of the North Sea and Celtic Sea can become critically low (hypoxia) towards the end of this century. The extent and frequency of hypoxia depends on the intensity of climate change projected by different climate models. This is the result of a complex combination of factors like warming, increase in stratification, changes in the currents and changes in biological processes.
Sandy E. Tenorio and Laura Farías
Biogeosciences, 21, 2029–2050, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2029-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2029-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Time series studies show that CH4 is highly dynamic on the coastal ocean surface and planktonic communities are linked to CH4 accumulation, as found in coastal upwelling off Chile. We have identified the crucial role of picoplankton (> 3 µm) in CH4 recycling, especially with the addition of methylated substrates (trimethylamine and methylphosphonic acid) during upwelling and non-upwelling periods. These insights improve understanding of surface ocean CH4 recycling, aiding CH4 emission estimates.
Charlotte A. J. Williams, Tom Hull, Jan Kaiser, Claire Mahaffey, Naomi Greenwood, Matthew Toberman, and Matthew R. Palmer
Biogeosciences, 21, 1961–1971, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1961-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1961-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Oxygen (O2) is a key indicator of ocean health. The risk of O2 loss in the productive coastal/continental slope regions is increasing. Autonomous underwater vehicles equipped with O2 optodes provide lots of data but have problems resolving strong vertical O2 changes. Here we show how to overcome this and calculate how much O2 is supplied to the low-O2 bottom waters via mixing. Bursts in mixing supply nearly all of the O2 to bottom waters in autumn, stopping them reaching ecologically low levels.
Sabine Schmidt and Ibrahima Iris Diallo
Biogeosciences, 21, 1785–1800, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1785-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1785-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Along the French coast facing the Bay of Biscay, the large Gironde and Loire estuaries suffer from hypoxia. This prompted a study of the small Charente estuary located between them. This work reveals a minimum oxygen zone in the Charente estuary, which extends for about 25 km. Temperature is the main factor controlling the hypoxia. This calls for the monitoring of small turbid macrotidal estuaries that are vulnerable to hypoxia, a risk expected to increase with global warming.
Simone R. Alin, Jan A. Newton, Richard A. Feely, Samantha Siedlecki, and Dana Greeley
Biogeosciences, 21, 1639–1673, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1639-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1639-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We provide a new multi-stressor data product that allows us to characterize the seasonality of temperature, O2, and CO2 in the southern Salish Sea and delivers insights into the impacts of major marine heatwave and precipitation anomalies on regional ocean acidification and hypoxia. We also describe the present-day frequencies of temperature, O2, and ocean acidification conditions that cross thresholds of sensitive regional species that are economically or ecologically important.
Librada Ramírez, Leonardo J. Pozzo-Pirotta, Aja Trebec, Víctor Manzanares-Vázquez, José L. Díez, Javier Arístegui, Ulf Riebesell, Stephen D. Archer, and María Segovia
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-847, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-847, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the potential effects of increasing ocean alkalinity on a natural plankton community in subtropical waters of the Atlantic near Gran Canaria, Spain. Alkalinity is the capacity of water to resist acidification and plankton are usually microscopic plants (phytoplankton) and animals (zooplankton), often less than 2,5 cm in length. This study suggests that increasing ocean alkalinity did not have a significant negative impact on the studied plankton community.
Pamela Linford, Iván Pérez-Santos, Paulina Montero, Patricio A. Díaz, Claudia Aracena, Elías Pinilla, Facundo Barrera, Manuel Castillo, Aida Alvera-Azcárate, Mónica Alvarado, Gabriel Soto, Cécile Pujol, Camila Schwerter, Sara Arenas-Uribe, Pilar Navarro, Guido Mancilla-Gutiérrez, Robinson Altamirano, Javiera San Martín, and Camila Soto-Riquelme
Biogeosciences, 21, 1433–1459, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1433-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1433-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Patagonian fjords comprise a world region where low-oxygen water and hypoxia conditions are observed. An in situ dataset was used to quantify the mechanism involved in the presence of these conditions in northern Patagonian fjords. Water mass analysis confirmed the contribution of Equatorial Subsurface Water in the advection of the low-oxygen water, and hypoxic conditions occurred when the community respiration rate exceeded the gross primary production.
Ting Wang, Buyun Du, Inke Forbrich, Jun Zhou, Joshua Polen, Elsie M. Sunderland, Prentiss H. Balcom, Celia Chen, and Daniel Obrist
Biogeosciences, 21, 1461–1476, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1461-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1461-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The strong seasonal increases of Hg in aboveground biomass during the growing season and the lack of changes observed after senescence in this salt marsh ecosystem suggest physiologically controlled Hg uptake pathways. The Hg sources found in marsh aboveground tissues originate from a mix of sources, unlike terrestrial ecosystems, where atmospheric GEM is the main source. Belowground plant tissues mostly take up Hg from soils. Overall, the salt marsh currently serves as a small net Hg sink.
Eleanor Simpson, Debby Ianson, Karen E. Kohfeld, Ana C. Franco, Paul A. Covert, Marty Davelaar, and Yves Perreault
Biogeosciences, 21, 1323–1353, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1323-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1323-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Shellfish aquaculture operates in nearshore areas where data on ocean acidification parameters are limited. We show daily and seasonal variability in pH and saturation states of calcium carbonate at nearshore aquaculture sites in British Columbia, Canada, and determine the contributing drivers of this variability. We find that nearshore locations have greater variability than open waters and that the uptake of carbon by phytoplankton is the major driver of pH and saturation state variability.
S. Alejandra Castillo Cieza, Rachel H. R. Stanley, Pierre Marrec, Diana N. Fontaine, E. Taylor Crockford, Dennis J. McGillicuddy Jr., Arshia Mehta, Susanne Menden-Deuer, Emily E. Peacock, Tatiana A. Rynearson, Zoe O. Sandwith, Weifeng Zhang, and Heidi M. Sosik
Biogeosciences, 21, 1235–1257, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1235-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1235-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The coastal ocean in the northeastern USA provides many services, including fisheries and habitats for threatened species. In summer 2019, a bloom occurred of a large unusual phytoplankton, the diatom Hemiaulus, with nitrogen-fixing symbionts. This led to vast changes in productivity and grazing rates in the ecosystem. This work shows that the emergence of one species can have profound effects on ecosystem function. Such changes may become more prevalent as the ocean warms due to climate change.
Claudine Hauri, Brita Irving, Sam Dupont, Rémi Pagés, Donna D. W. Hauser, and Seth L. Danielson
Biogeosciences, 21, 1135–1159, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1135-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1135-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic marine ecosystems are highly susceptible to impacts of climate change and ocean acidification. We present pH and pCO2 time series (2016–2020) from the Chukchi Ecosystem Observatory and analyze the drivers of the current conditions to get a better understanding of how climate change and ocean acidification could affect the ecological niches of organisms.
William Hiles, Lucy C. Miller, Craig Smeaton, and William E. N. Austin
Biogeosciences, 21, 929–948, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-929-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-929-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Saltmarsh soils may help to limit the rate of climate change by storing carbon. To understand their impacts, they must be accurately mapped. We use drone data to estimate the size of three saltmarshes in NE Scotland. We find that drone imagery, combined with tidal data, can reliably inform our understanding of saltmarsh size. When compared with previous work using vegetation communities, we find that our most reliable new estimates of stored carbon are 15–20 % smaller than previously estimated.
De'Marcus Robinson, Anh L. D. Pham, David J. Yousavich, Felix Janssen, Frank Wenzhöfer, Eleanor C. Arrington, Kelsey M. Gosselin, Marco Sandoval-Belmar, Matthew Mar, David L. Valentine, Daniele Bianchi, and Tina Treude
Biogeosciences, 21, 773–788, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-773-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-773-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The present study suggests that high release of ferrous iron from the seafloor of the oxygen-deficient Santa Barabara Basin (California) supports surface primary productivity, creating positive feedback on seafloor iron release by enhancing low-oxygen conditions in the basin.
David J. Yousavich, De'Marcus Robinson, Xuefeng Peng, Sebastian J. E. Krause, Frank Wenzhöfer, Felix Janssen, Na Liu, Jonathan Tarn, Franklin Kinnaman, David L. Valentine, and Tina Treude
Biogeosciences, 21, 789–809, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-789-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-789-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Declining oxygen (O2) concentrations in coastal oceans can threaten people’s ways of life and food supplies. Here, we investigate how mats of bacteria that proliferate on the seafloor of the Santa Barbara Basin sustain and potentially worsen these O2 depletion events through their unique chemoautotrophic metabolism. Our study shows how changes in seafloor microbiology and geochemistry brought on by declining O2 concentrations can help these mats grow as well as how that growth affects the basin.
Krysten Rutherford, Katja Fennel, Lina Garcia Suarez, and Jasmin G. John
Biogeosciences, 21, 301–314, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-301-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-301-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We downscaled two mid-century (~2075) ocean model projections to a high-resolution regional ocean model of the northwest North Atlantic (NA) shelf. In one projection, the NA shelf break current practically disappears; in the other it remains almost unchanged. This leads to a wide range of possible future shelf properties. More accurate projections of coastal circulation features would narrow the range of possible outcomes of biogeochemical projections for shelf regions.
Lennart Thomas Bach
Biogeosciences, 21, 261–277, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-261-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-261-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is a widely considered marine carbon dioxide removal method. OAE aims to accelerate chemical rock weathering, which is a natural process that slowly sequesters atmospheric carbon dioxide. This study shows that the addition of anthropogenic alkalinity via OAE can reduce the natural release of alkalinity and, therefore, reduce the efficiency of OAE for climate mitigation. However, the additionality problem could be mitigated via a variety of activities.
Tsuneo Ono, Daisuke Muraoka, Masahiro Hayashi, Makiko Yorifuji, Akihiro Dazai, Shigeyuki Omoto, Takehiro Tanaka, Tomohiro Okamura, Goh Onitsuka, Kenji Sudo, Masahiko Fujii, Ryuji Hamanoue, and Masahide Wakita
Biogeosciences, 21, 177–199, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-177-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-177-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We carried out parallel year-round observations of pH and related parameters in five stations around the Japan coast. It was found that short-term acidified situations with Omega_ar less than 1.5 occurred at four of five stations. Most of such short-term acidified events were related to the short-term low salinity event, and the extent of short-term pH drawdown at high freshwater input was positively correlated with the nutrient concentration of the main rivers that flow into the coastal area.
K. Mareike Paul, Martijn Hermans, Sami A. Jokinen, Inda Brinkmann, Helena L. Filipsson, and Tom Jilbert
Biogeosciences, 20, 5003–5028, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5003-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5003-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Seawater naturally contains trace metals such as Mo and U, which accumulate under low oxygen conditions on the seafloor. Previous studies have used sediment Mo and U contents as an archive of changing oxygen concentrations in coastal waters. Here we show that in fjords the use of Mo and U for this purpose may be impaired by additional processes. Our findings have implications for the reliable use of Mo and U to reconstruct oxygen changes in fjords.
Hannah Sharpe, Michel Gosselin, Catherine Lalande, Alexandre Normandeau, Jean-Carlos Montero-Serrano, Khouloud Baccara, Daniel Bourgault, Owen Sherwood, and Audrey Limoges
Biogeosciences, 20, 4981–5001, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4981-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4981-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the impact of submarine canyon processes within the Pointe-des-Monts system on biogenic matter export and phytoplankton assemblages. Using data from three oceanographic moorings, we show that the canyon experienced two low-amplitude sediment remobilization events in 2020–2021 that led to enhanced particle fluxes in the deep-water column layer > 2.6 km offshore. Sinking phytoplankton fluxes were lower near the canyon compared to background values from the lower St. Lawrence Estuary.
Dewi Langlet, Florian Mermillod-Blondin, Noémie Deldicq, Arthur Bauville, Gwendoline Duong, Lara Konecny, Mylène Hugoni, Lionel Denis, and Vincent M. P. Bouchet
Biogeosciences, 20, 4875–4891, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4875-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4875-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Benthic foraminifera are single-cell marine organisms which can move in the sediment column. They were previously reported to horizontally and vertically transport sediment particles, yet the impact of their motion on the dissolved fluxes remains unknown. Using microprofiling, we show here that foraminiferal burrow formation increases the oxygen penetration depth in the sediment, leading to a change in the structure of the prokaryotic community.
Masahiko Fujii, Ryuji Hamanoue, Lawrence Patrick Cases Bernardo, Tsuneo Ono, Akihiro Dazai, Shigeyuki Oomoto, Masahide Wakita, and Takehiro Tanaka
Biogeosciences, 20, 4527–4549, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4527-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4527-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This is the first study of the current and future impacts of climate change on Pacific oyster farming in Japan. Future coastal warming and acidification may affect oyster larvae as a result of longer exposure to lower-pH waters. A prolonged spawning period may harm oyster processing by shortening the shipping period and reducing oyster quality. To minimize impacts on Pacific oyster farming, in addition to mitigation measures, local adaptation measures may be required.
Taketoshi Kodama, Atsushi Nishimoto, Ken-ichi Nakamura, Misato Nakae, Naoki Iguchi, Yosuke Igeta, and Yoichi Kogure
Biogeosciences, 20, 3667–3682, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3667-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3667-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon and nitrogen are essential elements for organisms; their stable isotope ratios (13C : 12C, 15N : 14N) are useful tools for understanding turnover and movement in the ocean. In the Sea of Japan, the environment is rapidly being altered by human activities. The 13C : 12C of small organic particles is increased by active carbon fixation, and phytoplankton growth increases the values. The 15N : 14N variations suggest that nitrates from many sources contribute to organic production.
Aubin Thibault de Chanvalon, George W. Luther, Emily R. Estes, Jennifer Necker, Bradley M. Tebo, Jianzhong Su, and Wei-Jun Cai
Biogeosciences, 20, 3053–3071, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3053-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3053-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The intensity of the oceanic trap of CO2 released by anthropogenic activities depends on the alkalinity brought by continental weathering. Between ocean and continent, coastal water and estuaries can limit or favour the alkalinity transfer. This study investigate new interactions between dissolved metals and alkalinity in the oxygen-depleted zone of estuaries.
Cited articles
Abril, G., Nogueira, M., Etcheber, H., Cabeçadas, G., Lemaire, E., and
Brogueira, M.: Behaviour of organic carbon in nine contrasting European
estuaries, Estuar. Coast. Shelf S., 54, 241–262, 2002.
Andrews, J., Greenaway, A., and Dennis, P.: Combined carbon isotope and C∕N
ratios as indicators of source and fate of organic matter in a poorly
flushed, tropical estuary: Hunts Bay, Kingston Harbour, Jamaica, Estuar.
Coast. Shelf S., 46, 743–756, 1998.
Baker, A.: Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix characterization of some sewage-impacted rivers, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 948–953, 2001.
Baker, A. and Inverarity, R.: Protein-like fluorescence intensity as a
possible tool for determining river water quality, Hydrol. Process., 18,
2927–2945, 2004.
Baker, A. and Spencer, R. G.: Characterization of dissolved organic matter
from source to sea using fluorescence and absorbance spectroscopy, Sci.
Total Environ., 333, 217–232, 2004.
Barros, G. V., Martinelli, L. A., Novais, T. M. O., Ometto, J. P. H., and Zuppi, G. M.: Stable isotopes of bulk organic matter to trace carbon and nitrogen dynamics in an estuarine ecosystem in Babitonga Bay (Santa Catarina, Brazil), Sci. Total Environ., 408, 2226–2232, 2010.
Bauer, J. E. and Bianchi, T. S.: Dissolved organic carbon cycling and
transformation, in: Treatise on estuarine and coastal science, edited by:
Wolanski, E. and Mcluski, D. S., 5, 7–67, Academic Press, Waltham, 2011.
Beaupré, S. R.: Chapter 6 – The Carbon Isotopic Composition of Marine
DOC, in: Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter (Second
Edition), edited by: Hansell, D. A. and Carlson, C. A., Academic Press,
Boston, 335–368, 2015.
Benner, R. and Opsahl, S.: Molecular indicators of the sources and
transformations of dissolved organic matter in the Mississippi river plume,
Org. Geochem., 32, 597–611, 2001.
Carlson, C. A. and Hansell, D. A.: Chapter 3 – DOM Sources, Sinks,
Reactivity, and Budgets, in: Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic
Matter (Second Edition), edited by: Hansell, D. A. and Carlson, C. A.,
Academic Press, Boston, 65–126, 2015.
Cauwet, G.: Chapter 12 – DOM in the Coastal Zone, in: Biogeochemistry of
Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, edited by: Hansell, D. A. and Carlson, C.
A., Academic Press, San Diego, 579–609, 2002.
Cawley, K. M., Ding, Y., Fourqurean, J., and Jaffé, R.: Characterising
the sources and fate of dissolved organic matter in Shark Bay, Australia: a
preliminary study using optical properties and stable carbon isotopes, Mar.
Freshwater Res., 63, 1098–1107, https://doi.org/10.1071/MF12028, 2012.
Chen, R. F., Bissett, P., Coble, P., Conmy, R., Gardner, G. B., Moran, M.
A., Wang, X., Wells, M. L., Whelan, P., and Zepp, R. G.: Chromophoric
dissolved organic matter (CDOM) source characterization in the Louisiana
Bight, Mar. Chem., 89, 257–272, 2004.
Chen, M., Kim, J.-H., Nam, S.-I., Niessen, F., Hong, W.-L., Kang, M.-H., and
Hur, J. J.: Production of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in Arctic
Ocean sediments, Sci. Rep.-UK, 6, 39213, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep39213, 2016.
Coble, P. G.: Characterization of marine and terrestrial DOM in seawater
using excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy, Mar. Chem., 51, 325–346,
1996.
Coble, P. G.: Marine optical biogeochemistry: the chemistry of ocean color,
Chem. Rev., 107, 402–418, 2007.
Coble, P. G., Green, S. A., Blough, N. V., and Gagosian, R. B.:
Characterization of dissolved organic matter in the Black Sea by
fluorescence spectroscopy, Nature, 348, 432–435, https://doi.org/10.1038/348432a0, 1990.
Coble, P. G., Del Castillo, C. E., and Avril, B.: Distribution and optical
properties of CDOM in the Arabian Sea during the 1995 Southwest Monsoon,
Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 45, 2195–2223,
1998.
Coffin, R. B. and Cifuentes, L. A.: Stable isotope analysis of carbon
cycling in the Perdido Estuary, Florida, Estuaries, 22, 917–926, 1999.
Dalmagro, H. J., Lathuillière, M. J., Sallo, F. d. S., Guerreiro, M. F.,
Pinto, O. B., de Arruda, P. H., Couto, E. G., and Johnson, M. S.: Streams
with Riparian Forest Buffers versus Impoundments Differ in Discharge and DOM
Characteristics for Pasture Catchments in Southern Amazonia, Water, 11, 390, https://doi.org/10.3390/w11020390,
2019.
Deines, P.: Chapter 9 – The isotopic composition of reduced organic carbon,
in Handbook of environmental isotope geochemistry, edited by: Fritz, P. and
Fontes, J. C., Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 329–406, 1980.
De Troyer, I., Bouillon, S., Barker, S., Perry, C., Coorevits, K., and
Merckx, R.: Stable isotope analysis of dissolved organic carbon in soil
solutions using a catalytic combustion total organic carbon analyzer-isotope
ratio mass spectrometer with a cryofocusing interface, Rapid Commun. Mass
Sp., 24, 365–374, 2010.
Faganeli, J., Malej, A., Pezdic, J., and Malacic, V.: C : N : P ratios and
stable c-isotopic ratios as indicators of sources of organic-matter in the
gulf of trieste (northern adriatic), Oceanol. Acta, 11, 377–382, 1988.
Fry, B., Hopkinson, C. S., Nolin, A., and Wainright, S. C.:
13C∕12C composition of marine dissolved organic carbon, Chem.
Geol., 152, 113–118, 1998.
Gao, L., Fan, D., Li, D., and Cai, J.: Fluorescence characteristics of
chromophoric dissolved organic matter in shallow water along the Zhejiang
coasts, southeast China, Mar. Environ. Res., 69, 187–197, 2010.
Griffith, D. R. and Raymond, P. A.: Multiple-source heterotrophy fueled by
aged organic carbon in an urbanized estuary, Mar. Chem., 124, 14–22, 2011.
Griffith, D. R., Barnes, R. T., and Raymond, P. A.: Inputs of fossil carbon
from wastewater treatment plants to US rivers and oceans, Environ. Sci.
Technol., 43, 5647–5651, 2009.
Hansell, D. A. and Carlson, C. A.: Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved
Organic Matter, Academic Press, San Diego, 774 pp. 2002.
Hong, S. H., Kannan, N., Jin, Y., Won, J. H., Han, G. M., and Shim, W. J.:
Temporal trend, spatial distribution, and terrestrial sources of PBDEs and
PCBs in Masan Bay, Korea, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 60, 1836–1841, 2010.
Hudson, N., Baker, A., and Reynolds, D.: Fluorescence analysis of dissolved
organic matter in natural, waste and polluted waters – a review, River Res.
Appl., 23, 631–649, 2007.
Jaffé, R., Boyer, J., Lu, X., Maie, N., Yang, C., Scully, N., and Mock,
S.: Source characterization of dissolved organic matter in a subtropical
mangrove-dominated estuary by fluorescence analysis, Mar. Chem., 84,
195–210, 2004.
Jiao, N., Herndl, G. J., Hansell, D. A., Benner, R., Kattner, G., Wilhelm,
S. W., Kirchman, D. L., Weinbauer, M. G., Luo, T., and Chen, F.: Microbial
production of recalcitrant dissolved organic matter: long-term carbon
storage in the global ocean, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 8, 593–599, 2010.
Kannan, N., Hong, S. H., Yim, U. H., Kim, N. S., Ha, S. Y., Li, D., and
Shim, W. J.: Dispersion of organic contaminants from wastewater treatment
outfall in Masan Bay, Korea, J. Toxicol. Env. Health Sci., 2, 200–206,
2010.
Kelley, C. A., Coffin, R. B., and Cifuentes, L. A.: Stable isotope evidence
for alternative bacterial carbon sources in the Gulf of Mexico, Limnol.
Oceanogr., 43, 1962–1969, 1998.
Kim, T.-H., Waska, H., Kwon, E., Suryaputra, I. G. N., and Kim, G.:
Production, degradation, and flux of dissolved organic matter in the
subterranean estuary of a large tidal flat, Mar. Chem., 142, 1–10, 2012.
Kim, T.-H., Kim, G., Lee, S. A., and Dittmar, T.: Extraordinary slow
degradation of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) in a cold marginal sea, Sci.
Rep.-UK, 5, 13808, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13808, 2015.
Lamb, A. L., Wilson, G. P., and Leng, M. J.: A review of coastal
palaeoclimate and relative sea-level reconstructions using δ13C
and C∕N ratios in organic material, Earth-Sci. Rev., 75, 29–57, 2006.
Lang, S. Q., Lilley, M. D., and Hedges, J. I.: A method to measure the
isotopic (13C) composition of dissolved organic carbon using a high
temperature combustion instrument, Mar. Chem., 103, 318–326, 2007.
Lee, C.-W. and Min, B.-Y.: Pollution in Masan Bay, a matter of concern in
South Korea, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 21, 226–229, 1990.
Lee, H. J., Hong, S. H., Kim, M., Ha, S. Y., An, S. M., and Shim, W. J.:
Tracing origins of sewage and organic matter using dissolved sterols in
Masan and Haengam Bay, Korea, Ocean Sci. J., 46, 95–103, 2011.
Lee, S.-A. and Kim, G.: Sources, fluxes, and behaviors of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the Nakdong River Estuary, Korea, Biogeosciences, 15, 1115–1122, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1115-2018, 2018.
Lee, Y.-W., Hwang, D.-W., Kim, G., Lee, W.-C., and Oh, H.-T.: Nutrient
inputs from submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) in Masan Bay, an embayment
surrounded by heavily industrialized cities, Korea, Sci. Total Environ.,
407, 3181–3188, 2009.
Liu, C., Du, Y., Yin, H., Fan, C., Chen, K., Zhong, J., and Gu, X.:
Exchanges of nitrogen and phosphorus across the sediment-water interface
influenced by the external suspended particulate matter and the residual
matter after dredging, Environ. Pollut., 246, 207–216, 2019.
Lobbes, J. M., Fitznar, H. P., and Kattner, G.: Biogeochemical
characteristics of dissolved and particulate organic matter in Russian
rivers entering the Arctic Ocean, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 64, 2973–2983,
2000.
Lu, Y., Edmonds, J. W., Yamashita, Y., Zhou, B., Jaegge, A., and Baxley, M.:
Spatial variation in the origin and reactivity of dissolved organic matter
in Oregon-Washington coastal waters, Ocean Dynam., 65, 17–32, 2015.
Markager, S., Stedmon, C. A., and Søndergaard, M.: Seasonal dynamics and
conservative mixing of dissolved organic matter in the temperate eutrophic
estuary Horsens Fjord, Estuar. Coast. Shelf S., 92, 376–388, 2011.
Mayer, L. M., Schick, L. L., and Loder, T. C.: Dissolved protein
fluorescence in two Maine estuaries, Mar. Chem., 64, 171–179, 1999.
McCallister, S. L., Bauer, J. E., Ducklow, H. W., and Canuel, E. A.: Sources
of estuarine dissolved and particulate organic matter: a multi-tracer
approach, Org. Geochem., 37, 454–468, 2006.
Milliman, J. D., Qinchun, X., and Zuosheng, Y.: Transfer of particulate
organic carbon and nitrogen from the Yangtze River to the ocean, Am. J.
Sci., 284, 824–834, 1984.
Murphy, K. R., Stedmon, C. A., Waite, T. D., and Ruiz, G. M.: Distinguishing
between terrestrial and autochthonous organic matter sources in marine
environments using fluorescence spectroscopy, Mar. Chem., 108, 40–58, 2008.
Murphy, K. R., Hambly, A., Singh, S., Henderson, R. K., Baker, A., Stuetz,
R., and Khan, S. J.: Organic matter fluorescence in municipal water
recycling schemes: toward a unified PARAFAC model, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
45, 2909–2916, 2011.
Murphy, K. R., Stedmon, C. A., Wenig, P., and Bro, R.: OpenFluor – an online
spectral library of auto-fluorescence by organic compounds in the
environment, Anal. Methods-UK, 6, 658–661, 2014.
Oh, Y. H., Lee, Y.-W., Park, S. R., and Kim, T.-H.: Importance of dissolved
organic carbon flux through submarine groundwater discharge to the coastal
ocean: Results from Masan Bay, the southern coast of Korea, J. Marine Syst.,
173, 43–48, 2017.
Opsahl, S. and Benner, R.: Distribution and cycling of terrigenous dissolved organic matter in the ocean, Nature, 386, 480–482, 1997.
Osburn, C. L. and Stedmon, C. A.: Linking the chemical and optical
properties of dissolved organic matter in the Baltic-North Sea transition
zone to differentiate three allochthonous inputs, Mar. Chem., 126, 281–294,
2011.
Osburn, C. L., Wigdahl, C. R., Fritz, S. C., and Saros, J. E.: Dissolved
organic matter composition and photoreactivity in prairie lakes of the US
Great Plains, Limnol. Oceanogr., 56, 2371–2390, 2011.
Panetta, R. J., Ibrahim, M., and Gélinas, Y.: Coupling a High-Temperature
Catalytic Oxidation Total Organic Carbon Analyzer to an Isotope Ratio Mass
Spectrometer To Measure Natural-Abundance δ13C-Dissolved Organic
Carbon in Marine and Freshwater Samples, Anal. Chem., 80, 5232–5239, 2008.
Pradhan, U., Wu, Y., Shirodkar, P., Zhang, J., and Zhang, G.: Sources and
distribution of organic matter in thirty five tropical estuaries along the
west coast of India-a preliminary assessment, Estuar. Coast. Shelf S.,
151, 21–33, 2014.
Raymond, P. A. and Bauer, J. E.: DOC cycling in a temperate estuary: a mass
balance approach using natural 14C and 13C isotopes, Limnol. Oceanogr., 46,
655–667, 2001.
Spiker, E.: The Behavior of C-14 and C-13 in Estuarine Water-Effects of
Insitu CO2 Production and Atmospheric Exchange, Radiocarbon, 22, 647–654,
1980.
Thornton, S. and McManus, J.: Application of organic carbon and nitrogen
stable isotope and C∕N ratios as source indicators of organic matter
provenance in estuarine systems: evidence from the Tay Estuary, Scotland,
Estuar. Coast. Shelf S., 38, 219–233, 1994.
Tremblay, L. and Benner, R.: Microbial contributions to N-immobilization
and organic matter preservation in decaying plant detritus, Geochim.
Cosmochim. Ac., 70, 133–146, 2006.
Wang, X.-C., Chen, R. F., and Gardner, G. B.: Sources and transport of
dissolved and particulate organic carbon in the Mississippi River estuary
and adjacent coastal waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico, Mar. Chem., 89,
241–256, 2004.
Wünsch, U. J., Murphy, K. R., and Stedmon, C. A.: The
one-sample PARAFAC approach reveals molecular size distributions of
fluorescent components in dissolved organic matter, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
51, 11900–11908, 2017.
Ya, C., Anderson, W., and Jaffé, R.: Assessing dissolved organic matter
dynamics and source strengths in a subtropical estuary: Application of
stable carbon isotopes and optical properties, Cont. Shelf Res., 92, 98–107,
2015.
Yoo, K.: Population dynamics of dinoflagellate community in Masan Bay with a
note on the impact of environmental parameters, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 23,
185–188, 1991.
Short summary
We differentiate between sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) (terrestrial, marine autochthonous production, and artificial island and seawater interaction) in coastal bay waters surrounded by large cities using multiple DOM tracers, including dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON), stable carbon isotopes, fluorescent DOM, and the DOC/DON ratio.
We differentiate between sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) (terrestrial, marine...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint