Articles | Volume 21, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-689-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-689-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
07 Feb 2024
Research article |
| 07 Feb 2024
| 07 Feb 2024
Latitudinal distribution of biomarkers across the western Arctic Ocean and the Bering Sea: an approach to assess sympagic and pelagic algal production
Youcheng Bai
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
Marie-Alexandrine Sicre
LOCEAN, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Case 100, 4 Place Jussieu, 75032 Paris, France
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
Vincent Klein
LOCEAN, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Case 100, 4 Place Jussieu, 75032 Paris, France
Haiyan Jin
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200230, China
Jianfang Chen
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
Related authors
Bassem Jalali, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Jian Ren, Zhongqiao Li, Youcheng Bai, Liang Su, Vincent Klein, and Jianfang Chen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-325, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-325, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This work investigates the spatiotemporal variations of terrestrial material from surface and core sediments from the Chukchi Sea using bulk parameters and biomarkers. We found a growing imprint of terrestrial material at higher latitudes resulting from the transport of eroded matter or remobilized from shelf sediments by sea ice. The 300 year TERR-alkanes and ACL27-31 composites from 5 cores evidence increasing export of terrestrial carbon since the early 20th century accelerating after 1980.
Liang Su, Jian Ren, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Youcheng Bai, Ruoshi Zhao, Xibing Han, Zhongqiao Li, Haiyan Jin, Anatolii S. Astakhov, Xuefa Shi, and Jianfang Chen
Clim. Past, 19, 1305–1320, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1305-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1305-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstructed sea ice and organic carbon composition variabilities based on biomarkers and carbon stable isotopes in the northern Chukchi Sea, western Arctic Ocean, over the past 200 years. Under permanent ice cover, organic carbon was dominated by land sources transported by sea ice and ocean currents, while local primary productivity was suppressed by light limitation. Since ice retreated in 20th century, organic carbon from primary production gradually overtook the terrestrial component.
Anna Bang Kvorning, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Gregor Luetzenburg, Sabine Schmidt, Thorbjørn Joest Andersen, Vincent Klein, Eleanor Georgiadis, Audrey Limoges, Jacques Giraudeau, Anders Anker Bjørk, Nicolaj Krog Larsen, and Sofia Ribeiro
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2641, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2641, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Climate of the Past (CP).
Short summary
Short summary
We compare two marine sediment cores collected from contrasting locations in Kane Basin, northwest Greenland. The two sites differ in terms of sedimentation rates, primary production, and organic matter composition and source. Despite these spatial differences, both records reveal a similar long-term trend, a shift from cold, heavy sea ice influenced conditions between ca. 1750–1900 CE, towards more open, fresher, and biologically productive waters beginning around 1950 CE.
Bassem Jalali, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Jian Ren, Zhongqiao Li, Youcheng Bai, Liang Su, Vincent Klein, and Jianfang Chen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-325, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-325, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This work investigates the spatiotemporal variations of terrestrial material from surface and core sediments from the Chukchi Sea using bulk parameters and biomarkers. We found a growing imprint of terrestrial material at higher latitudes resulting from the transport of eroded matter or remobilized from shelf sediments by sea ice. The 300 year TERR-alkanes and ACL27-31 composites from 5 cores evidence increasing export of terrestrial carbon since the early 20th century accelerating after 1980.
Frida S. Hoem, Adrián López-Quirós, Suzanna van de Lagemaat, Johan Etourneau, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Carlota Escutia, Henk Brinkhuis, Francien Peterse, Francesca Sangiorgi, and Peter K. Bijl
Clim. Past, 19, 1931–1949, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1931-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1931-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present two new sea surface temperature (SST) records in comparison with available SST records to reconstruct South Atlantic paleoceanographic evolution. Our results show a low SST gradient in the Eocene–early Oligocene due to the persistent gyral circulation. A higher SST gradient in the Middle–Late Miocene infers a stronger circumpolar current. The southern South Atlantic was the coldest region in the Southern Ocean and likely the main deep-water formation location in the Middle Miocene.
Liang Su, Jian Ren, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Youcheng Bai, Ruoshi Zhao, Xibing Han, Zhongqiao Li, Haiyan Jin, Anatolii S. Astakhov, Xuefa Shi, and Jianfang Chen
Clim. Past, 19, 1305–1320, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1305-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1305-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstructed sea ice and organic carbon composition variabilities based on biomarkers and carbon stable isotopes in the northern Chukchi Sea, western Arctic Ocean, over the past 200 years. Under permanent ice cover, organic carbon was dominated by land sources transported by sea ice and ocean currents, while local primary productivity was suppressed by light limitation. Since ice retreated in 20th century, organic carbon from primary production gradually overtook the terrestrial component.
Nick Thompson, Ulrich Salzmann, Adrián López-Quirós, Peter K. Bijl, Frida S. Hoem, Johan Etourneau, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Sabine Roignant, Emma Hocking, Michael Amoo, and Carlota Escutia
Clim. Past, 18, 209–232, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-209-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-209-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
New pollen and spore data from the Antarctic Peninsula region reveal temperate rainforests that changed and adapted in response to Eocene climatic cooling, roughly 35.5 Myr ago, and glacially related disturbance in the early Oligocene, approximately 33.5 Myr ago. The timing of these events indicates that the opening of ocean gateways alone did not trigger Antarctic glaciation, although ocean gateways may have played a role in climate cooling.
Aleix Cortina-Guerra, Juan José Gomez-Navarro, Belen Martrat, Juan Pedro Montávez, Alessandro Incarbona, Joan O. Grimalt, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, and P. Graham Mortyn
Clim. Past, 17, 1523–1532, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1523-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1523-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
During late 20th century a singular Mediterranean circulation episode called the Eastern Mediterranean Transient (EMT) event occurred. It involved changes on the seawater physical and biogeochemical properties, which can impact areas broadly. Here, using paleosimulations for the last 1000 years we found that the East Atlantic/Western Russian atmospheric mode was the main driver of the EMT-type events in the past, and enhancement of this mode was coetaneous with low solar insolation.
Bassem Jalali, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Julien Azuara, Violaine Pellichero, and Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout
Clim. Past, 15, 701–711, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-701-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-701-2019, 2019
Monica Bini, Giovanni Zanchetta, Aurel Perşoiu, Rosine Cartier, Albert Català, Isabel Cacho, Jonathan R. Dean, Federico Di Rita, Russell N. Drysdale, Martin Finnè, Ilaria Isola, Bassem Jalali, Fabrizio Lirer, Donatella Magri, Alessia Masi, Leszek Marks, Anna Maria Mercuri, Odile Peyron, Laura Sadori, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Fabian Welc, Christoph Zielhofer, and Elodie Brisset
Clim. Past, 15, 555–577, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-555-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-555-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The Mediterranean region has returned some of the clearest evidence of a climatically dry period occurring approximately 4200 years ago. We reviewed selected proxies to infer regional climate patterns between 4.3 and 3.8 ka. Temperature data suggest a cooling anomaly, even if this is not uniform, whereas winter was drier, along with dry summers. However, some exceptions to this prevail, where wetter condition seems to have persisted, suggesting regional heterogeneity.
Maria-Angela Bassetti, Serge Berné, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Bernard Dennielou, Yoann Alonso, Roselyne Buscail, Bassem Jalali, Bertil Hebert, and Christophe Menniti
Clim. Past, 12, 1539–1553, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1539-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1539-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This work represents the first attempt to decipher the linkages between rapid climate changes and continental Holocene paleohydrology in the NW Mediterranean shallow marine setting. Between 11 and 4 ka cal BP, terrigenous input increased and reached a maximum at 7 ka cal BP, probably as a result of a humid phase. From ca. 4 ka cal BP to the present, enhanced variability in the land-derived material is possibly due to large-scale atmospheric circulation and rainfall patterns in western Europe.
B. Jalali, M.-A. Sicre, M.-A. Bassetti, and N. Kallel
Clim. Past, 12, 91–101, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-91-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-91-2016, 2016
J. Sun, X. Y. Gu, Y. Y. Feng, S. F. Jin, W. S. Jiang, H. Y. Jin, and J. F. Chen
Biogeosciences, 11, 779–806, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-779-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-779-2014, 2014
M. Magny, N. Combourieu-Nebout, J. L. de Beaulieu, V. Bout-Roumazeilles, D. Colombaroli, S. Desprat, A. Francke, S. Joannin, E. Ortu, O. Peyron, M. Revel, L. Sadori, G. Siani, M. A. Sicre, S. Samartin, A. Simonneau, W. Tinner, B. Vannière, B. Wagner, G. Zanchetta, F. Anselmetti, E. Brugiapaglia, E. Chapron, M. Debret, M. Desmet, J. Didier, L. Essallami, D. Galop, A. Gilli, J. N. Haas, N. Kallel, L. Millet, A. Stock, J. L. Turon, and S. Wirth
Clim. Past, 9, 2043–2071, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2043-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2043-2013, 2013
X. Y. Zhang, X. Chen, H. Deng, Y. Du, and H. Y. Jin
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-12217-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-12217-2013, 2013
Preprint withdrawn
M.-A. Sicre, G. Siani, D. Genty, N. Kallel, and L. Essallami
Clim. Past, 9, 1375–1383, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1375-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1375-2013, 2013
S. Desprat, N. Combourieu-Nebout, L. Essallami, M. A. Sicre, I. Dormoy, O. Peyron, G. Siani, V. Bout Roumazeilles, and J. L. Turon
Clim. Past, 9, 767–787, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-767-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-767-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Organic Biogeochemistry
Distribution of alkylamines in surface waters around the Antarctic Peninsula and Weddell Sea
Sea-ice-associated algae and zooplankton fecal pellets fuel organic particle export in the seasonally ice-covered northwestern Labrador Sea
Impact of chemical treatments on the molecular and stable carbon isotopic composition of sporomorphs
Sedimentary organic carbon dynamics in a glaciated Arctic fjord: tracing contributions of terrestrial and marine sources in the context of Atlantification over recent centuries
Technical note: Measurements of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in seawater (Filter blanks, pore sizes, and storage)
Methanogenesis by CO2 reduction dominates lake sediments with different organic matter compositions
Contrasting seasonal patterns in particle aggregation and dissolved organic matter transformation in a sub-Arctic fjord
Methods to characterize type, relevance, and interactions of organic matter and microorganisms in fluids along the flow path of a geothermal facility
Microbial strong organic-ligand production is tightly coupled to iron in hydrothermal plumes
Ocean liming effects on dissolved organic matter dynamics
Results from a multi-laboratory ocean metaproteomic intercomparison: effects of LC-MS acquisition and data analysis procedures
Controls on the composition of hydroxylated isoprenoidal glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (isoGDGTs) in cultivated ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota
Reviews and syntheses: Opportunities for robust use of peak intensities from high-resolution mass spectrometry in organic matter studies
Hydrothermal inputs drive dynamic shifts in microbial communities in Lake Magadi, Kenya Rift Valley
Elemental stoichiometry of particulate organic matter across the Atlantic Ocean
Lipid remodeling in phytoplankton exposed to multi-environmental drivers in a mesocosm experiment
Molecular-level carbon traits of fine roots: unveiling adaptation and decomposition under flooded conditions
Environmental controls on the distribution of brGDGTs and brGMGTs across the Seine River basin (NW France): implications for bacterial tetraethers as a proxy for riverine runoff
Sinking fate and carbon export of zooplankton fecal pellets: insights from time-series sediment trap observations in the northern South China Sea
Low cobalt inventories in the Amundsen and Ross seas driven by high demand for labile cobalt uptake among native phytoplankton communities
Potential bioavailability of representative pyrogenic organic matter compounds in comparison to natural dissolved organic matter pools
Distributions of bacteriohopanepolyols in lakes and coastal lagoons of the Azores Archipelago
Recently fixed carbon fuels microbial activity several meters below the soil surface
Environmental and hydrologic controls on sediment and organic carbon export from a subalpine catchment: insights from a time series
Climate and geology overwrite land use effects on soil organic nitrogen cycling on a continental scale
Compositions of dissolved organic matter in the ice-covered waters above the Aurora hydrothermal vent system, Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean
Organic matter characteristics of a rapidly eroding permafrost cliff in NE Siberia (Lena Delta, Laptev Sea region)
Microbial labilization and diversification of pyrogenic dissolved organic matter
Bacterial and eukaryotic intact polar lipids point to in situ production as a key source of labile organic matter in hadal surface sediment of the Atacama Trench
What can we learn from amino acids about oceanic organic matter cycling and degradation?
Bacteriohopanetetrol-x: constraining its application as a lipid biomarker for marine anammox using the water column oxygen gradient of the Benguela upwelling system
Active and passive fluxes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the northern South China Sea
Cyanobacteria net community production in the Baltic Sea as inferred from profiling pCO2 measurements
Reviews and syntheses: Heterotrophic fixation of inorganic carbon – significant but invisible flux in environmental carbon cycling
Revised fractional abundances and warm-season temperatures substantially improve brGDGT calibrations in lake sediments
Archaeal intact polar lipids in polar waters: a comparison between the Amundsen and Scotia seas
Reproducible determination of dissolved organic matter photosensitivity
Technical note: Uncovering the influence of methodological variations on the extractability of iron-bound organic carbon
Anthropocene climate warming enhances autochthonous carbon cycling in an upland Arctic lake, Disko Island, West Greenland
Novel hydrocarbon-utilizing soil mycobacteria synthesize unique mycocerosic acids at a Sicilian everlasting fire
Alkenone isotopes show evidence of active carbon concentrating mechanisms in coccolithophores as aqueous carbon dioxide concentrations fall below 7 µmol L−1
Seasonal variability and sources of in situ brGDGT production in a permanently stratified African crater lake
Sediment release of dissolved organic matter to the oxygen minimum zone off Peru
Better molecular preservation of organic matter in an oxic than in a sulfidic depositional environment: evidence from Thalassiphora pelagica (Dinoflagellata, Eocene) cysts
Assessing branched tetraether lipids as tracers of soil organic carbon transport through the Carminowe Creek catchment (southwest England)
The nonconservative distribution pattern of organic matter in the Rajang, a tropical river with peatland in its estuary
Predominance of hexamethylated 6-methyl branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers in the Mariana Trench: source and environmental implication
High-pH and anoxic conditions during soil organic matter extraction increases its electron-exchange capacity and ability to stimulate microbial Fe(III) reduction by electron shuttling
Sterol preservation in hypersaline microbial mats
Structural elucidation and environmental distributions of butanetriol and pentanetriol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (BDGTs and PDGTs)
Arianna Rocchi, Mark F. Fitzsimons, Preston Akenga, Ana Sotomayor, Elisabet L. Sà, Queralt Güell-Bujons, Magda Vila, Yaiza M. Castillo, Manuel Dall'Osto, Dolors Vaqué, Charel Wohl, Rafel Simó, and Elisa Berdalet
Biogeosciences, 22, 3429–3448, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3429-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3429-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
During the PolarChange expedition, volatile alkylamines, important players in nitrogen cycling and cloud formation, were measured in Antarctic waters using a high-sensitivity method. Trimethylamine was the dominant alkylamine in marine particles, associated with nanophytoplankton. Dissolved dimethylamine likely originated from trimethylamine degradation, while diethylamine sources remain unclear. These findings confirm the biological origin of alkylamines in polar marine microbial food webs.
Shao-Min Chen, Thibaud Dezutter, David Cote, Catherine Lalande, Evan Edinger, and Owen A. Sherwood
Biogeosciences, 22, 2517–2540, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2517-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2517-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The origins and composition of sinking organic matter are still understudied for the oceans, especially in ice-covered areas. We use amino acid stable isotopes combined with particle flux and plankton taxonomy to investigate the sources and composition of exported organic matter from a sediment-trap-derived time series of sinking particles in the northwestern Labrador Sea. We found that sea-ice algae and fecal pellets may be important contributors to the sinking fluxes of carbon and nitrogen.
Yannick F. Bats, Klaas G. J. Nierop, Alice Stuart-Lee, Joost Frieling, Linda van Roij, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Appy Sluijs
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1678, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1678, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we analyzed the molecular and stable carbon isotopic composition (δ13C) of pollen and spores (sporomorphs) that underwent chemical treatments that simulate diagenesis during fossilization. We show that the successive removal of sugars and lipids results in 13C depletion of the residual sporomorph, leaving it rich aromatic compounds. This residual aromatic-rich structure likely represents diagenetically resistant sporopollenin, implying diagenesis results in 13C depletion of pollen.
Dahae Kim, Jung-Hyun Kim, Youngkyu Ahn, Matthias Forwick, and Seung-Il Nam
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-957, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-957, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic is warming rapidly, altering carbon storage in Svalbard’s Kongsfjorden. Our study analyzed sediment cores to track organic carbon shifts over time. We found that increasing Atlantic Water inflow enhanced marine carbon while reducing land-derived inputs. These findings suggest that Atlantification is reshaping carbon sequestration in Arctic fjords, with broader implications for the Arctic carbon cycle.
Junhyeong Seo, Heejun Han, Intae Kim, and Guebuem Kim
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-501, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-501, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines methodological uncertainties in FDOM (fluorescent dissolved organic matter) measurements due to filter blanks, pore sizes, and storage conditions. Results show that pre-cleaning filters and optimizing storage improve measurement reliability. These finding minimize procedural errors and provide clear guidelines for FDOM analysis, emphasizing the need for method standardization in marine biogeochemical research.
Guangyi Su, Julie Tolu, Clemens Glombitza, Jakob Zopfi, Moritz F. Lehmann, Mark A. Lever, and Carsten J. Schubert
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-437, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-437, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In Lake Geneva, we studied how different types of organic matter affect methane production. Despite varying sources—like algae and land-based materials, both deep and delta areas are significant methane sources and methane was mainly produced through CO2 reduction. Surprisingly, the origin of organic matter didn’t strongly influence methane production rates or pathways. Our findings highlight the need to better understand microbial processes to predict methane emissions from lakes.
Maria G. Digernes, Yasemin V. Bodur, Martí Amargant-Arumí, Oliver Müller, Jeffrey A. Hawkes, Stephen G. Kohler, Ulrike Dietrich, Marit Reigstad, and Maria L. Paulsen
Biogeosciences, 22, 601–623, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-601-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-601-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Dissolved (DOM) and particulate organic matter (POM) are in constant exchange but are usually studied as distinct entities. We investigated the dynamics between POM and DOM in a sub-Arctic fjord across different seasons by conducting bi-monthly aggregation–dissolution experiments. During the productive period, POM concentrations increased in the experiment, and DOM molecules became more recalcitrant. During the winter period, POM concentrations decreased, and DOM molecules became more labile.
Alessio Leins, Danaé Bregnard, Andrea Vieth-Hillebrand, Stefanie Poetz, Florian Eichinger, Guillaume Cailleau, Pilar Junier, and Simona Regenspurg
Biogeosciences, 21, 5457–5479, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5457-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5457-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Organic matter and microbial fluid analysis are rarely considered in the geothermal industry and research. However, they can have a significant impact on the efficiency of geothermal energy production. We found a high diversity of organic compound compositions in our samples and were able to differentiate them with respect to different sources (e.g. artificial and biogenic). Furthermore, the microbial diversity undergoes significant changes within the flow path of a geothermal power plant.
Colleen L. Hoffman, Patrick J. Monreal, Justine B. Albers, Alastair J. M. Lough, Alyson E. Santoro, Travis Mellett, Kristen N. Buck, Alessandro Tagliabue, Maeve C. Lohan, Joseph A. Resing, and Randelle M. Bundy
Biogeosciences, 21, 5233–5246, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5233-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5233-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Hydrothermally derived iron can be transported kilometers away from deep-sea vents, representing a significant flux of vital micronutrients to the ocean. However, the mechanisms that support the stabilization of dissolved iron remain elusive. Using electrochemical, spectrometry, and genomic methods, we demonstrated that strong ligands exert an important control on iron in plumes, and high-affinity iron-binding siderophores were identified in several hydrothermal plume samples for the first time.
Chiara Santinelli, Silvia Valsecchi, Simona Retelletti Brogi, Giancarlo Bachi, Giovanni Checcucci, Mirco Guerrazzi, Elisa Camatti, Stefano Caserini, Arianna Azzellino, and Daniela Basso
Biogeosciences, 21, 5131–5141, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5131-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5131-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean liming is a technique proposed to mitigate ocean acidification. Every action we take has an impact on the environment and the effects on the invisible world are often overlooked. With this study, we show that lime addition impacts the dynamics of dissolved organic matter, one of the largest reservoirs of carbon on Earth, representing the main source of energy for marine microbes. Further studies to assess the impacts on marine ecosystems are therefore crucial before taking any action.
Mak A. Saito, Jaclyn K. Saunders, Matthew R. McIlvin, Erin M. Bertrand, John A. Breier, Margaret Mars Brisbin, Sophie M. Colston, Jaimee R. Compton, Tim J. Griffin, W. Judson Hervey, Robert L. Hettich, Pratik D. Jagtap, Michael Janech, Rod Johnson, Rick Keil, Hugo Kleikamp, Dagmar Leary, Lennart Martens, J. Scott P. McCain, Eli Moore, Subina Mehta, Dawn M. Moran, Jaqui Neibauer, Benjamin A. Neely, Michael V. Jakuba, Jim Johnson, Megan Duffy, Gerhard J. Herndl, Richard Giannone, Ryan Mueller, Brook L. Nunn, Martin Pabst, Samantha Peters, Andrew Rajczewski, Elden Rowland, Brian Searle, Tim Van Den Bossche, Gary J. Vora, Jacob R. Waldbauer, Haiyan Zheng, and Zihao Zhao
Biogeosciences, 21, 4889–4908, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4889-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4889-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The ability to assess the functional capabilities of microbes in the environment is of increasing interest. Metaproteomics, the ability to measure proteins across microbial populations, has been increasing in capability and popularity in recent years. Here, an international team of scientists conducted an intercomparison study using samples collected from the North Atlantic Ocean and observed consistency in the peptides and proteins identified, their functions, and their taxonomic origins.
Devika Varma, Laura Villanueva, Nicole J. Bale, Pierre Offre, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Stefan Schouten
Biogeosciences, 21, 4875–4888, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4875-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4875-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Archaeal hydroxylated tetraether lipids are increasingly used as temperature indicators in marine settings, but the factors influencing their distribution are still unclear. Analyzing membrane lipids of two thaumarchaeotal strains showed that the growth phase of the cultures does not affect the lipid distribution, but growth temperature profoundly affects the degree of cyclization of these lipids. Also, the abundance of these lipids is species-specific and is not influenced by temperature.
William Kew, Allison Myers-Pigg, Christine H. Chang, Sean M. Colby, Josie Eder, Malak M. Tfaily, Jeffrey Hawkes, Rosalie K. Chu, and James C. Stegen
Biogeosciences, 21, 4665–4679, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4665-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4665-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Natural organic matter (NOM) is often studied via Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS), which identifies organic molecules as mass spectra peaks. The intensity of peaks is data that is often discarded due to technical concerns. We review the theory behind these concerns and show they are supported empirically. However, simulations show that ecological analyses of NOM data that include FTMS peak intensities are often valid. This opens a path for robust use of FTMS peak intensities for NOM.
Evan R. Collins, Troy M. Ferland, Isla S. Castañeda, R. Bernhart Owen, Tim K. Lowenstein, Andrew S. Cohen, Robin W. Renaut, Molly D. O'Beirne, and Josef P. Werne
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3006, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3006, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Archaeal molecular fossils (tetraethers) have been used around the globe to track changes in climate. Little is known about archaeal response to environmental change in soda lakes, especially lakes influenced by hydrothermal inputs. For the first time in Lake Magadi, we show tetraethers tracking abrupt changes in methane and non-methane producers due to hydrothermal inputs to the lake. This study provides insight into the role of hydrothermal water sources and methane production in soda lakes.
Adam J. Fagan, Tatsuro Tanioka, Alyse A. Larkin, Jenna A. Lee, Nathan S. Garcia, and Adam C. Martiny
Biogeosciences, 21, 4239–4250, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4239-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4239-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Climate change is anticipated to influence the biological pump by altering phytoplankton nutrient distribution. In our research, we collected measurements of particulate matter concentrations during two oceanographic field studies. We observed systematic variations in organic matter concentrations and ratios across the Atlantic Ocean. From statistical modeling, we determined that these variations are associated with differences in the availability of essential nutrients for phytoplankton growth.
Sebastian I. Cantarero, Edgart Flores, Harry Allbrook, Paulina Aguayo, Cristian A. Vargas, John E. Tamanaha, J. Bentley C. Scholz, Lennart T. Bach, Carolin R. Löscher, Ulf Riebesell, Balaji Rajagopalan, Nadia Dildar, and Julio Sepúlveda
Biogeosciences, 21, 3927–3958, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3927-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3927-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our study explores lipid remodeling in response to environmental stress, specifically how cell membrane chemistry changes. We focus on intact polar lipids in a phytoplankton community exposed to diverse stressors in a mesocosm experiment. The observed remodeling indicates acyl chain recycling for energy storage in intact polar lipids during stress, reallocating resources based on varying growth conditions. This understanding is essential to grasp the system's impact on cellular pools.
Mengke Wang, Peng Zhang, Huishan Li, Guisen Deng, Deliang Kong, Sifang Kong, and Junjian Wang
Biogeosciences, 21, 2691–2704, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2691-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2691-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed and applied complementary analyses to characterize molecular-level carbon traits for water-grown and soil-grown fine roots. The adaptive strategy of developing more labile carbon in water-grown roots accelerated root decomposition and counteracted the decelerated effects of anoxia on decomposition, highlighting an indirect effect of environmental change on belowground carbon cycling.
Zhe-Xuan Zhang, Edith Parlanti, Christelle Anquetil, Jérôme Morelle, Anniet M. Laverman, Alexandre Thibault, Elisa Bou, and Arnaud Huguet
Biogeosciences, 21, 2227–2252, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2227-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2227-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Bacterial tetraethers have important implications for palaeoclimate reconstruction. However, fundamental understanding of how these lipids are transformed from land to sea and which environmental factors influence their distributions is lacking. Here, we investigate the sources of brGDGTs and brGMGTs and the factors controlling their distributions in a large dataset (n=237). We propose a novel proxy (RIX) to trace riverine runoff, which is applicable in modern systems and in paleorecord.
Hanxiao Wang, Zhifei Liu, Jiaying Li, Baozhi Lin, Yulong Zhao, Xiaodong Zhang, Junyuan Cao, Jingwen Zhang, Hongzhe Song, and Wenzhuo Wang
Biogeosciences, 20, 5109–5123, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5109-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5109-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The sinking of zooplankton fecal pellets is a key process in the marine biological carbon pump. This study presents carbon export of four shapes of fecal pellets from two time-series sediment traps in the South China Sea. The results show that the sinking fate of fecal pellets is regulated by marine primary productivity, deep-dwelling zooplankton community, and deep-sea currents in the tropical marginal sea, thus providing a new perspective for exploring the carbon cycle in the world ocean.
Rebecca J. Chmiel, Riss M. Kell, Deepa Rao, Dawn M. Moran, Giacomo R. DiTullio, and Mak A. Saito
Biogeosciences, 20, 3997–4027, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3997-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3997-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Cobalt is an important micronutrient for plankton, yet it is often scarce throughout the oceans. A 2017/2018 expedition to coastal Antarctica, including regions of the Amundsen Sea and the Ross Sea, discovered lower concentrations of cobalt compared to two past expeditions in 2005 and 2006, particularly for the type of cobalt preferred as a nutrient by phytoplankton. This loss may be due to changing inputs of other nutrients, causing higher uptake of cobalt by plankton over the last decade.
Emily B. Graham, Hyun-Seob Song, Samantha Grieger, Vanessa A. Garayburu-Caruso, James C. Stegen, Kevin D. Bladon, and Allison N. Myers-Pigg
Biogeosciences, 20, 3449–3457, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3449-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3449-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Intensifying wildfires are increasing pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) production and its impact on water quality. Recent work indicates that PyOM may have a greater impact on aquatic biogeochemistry than previously assumed, driven by higher bioavailability. We provide a full assessment of the potential bioavailability of PyOM across its chemical spectrum. We indicate that PyOM can be actively transformed within the river corridor and, therefore, may be a growing source of riverine C emissions.
Nora Richter, Ellen C. Hopmans, Danica Mitrović, Pedro M. Raposeiro, Vítor Gonçalves, Ana C. Costa, Linda A. Amaral-Zettler, Laura Villanueva, and Darci Rush
Biogeosciences, 20, 2065–2098, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2065-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2065-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs) are a diverse class of lipids produced by bacteria across a wide range of environments. This study characterizes the diversity of BHPs in lakes and coastal lagoons in the Azores Archipelago, as well as a co-culture enriched for methanotrophs. We highlight the potential of BHPs as taxonomic markers for bacteria associated with certain ecological niches, which can be preserved in sedimentary records.
Andrea Scheibe, Carlos A. Sierra, and Marie Spohn
Biogeosciences, 20, 827–838, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-827-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-827-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We explored carbon cycling in soils in three climate zones in Chile down to a depth of 6 m, using carbon isotopes. Our results show that microbial activity several meters below the soil surface is mostly fueled by recently fixed carbon and that strong decomposition of soil organic matter only occurs in the upper decimeters of the soils. The study shows that different layers of the critical zone are tightly connected and that processes in the deep soil depend on recently fixed carbon.
Melissa Sophia Schwab, Hannah Gies, Chantal Valérie Freymond, Maarten Lupker, Negar Haghipour, and Timothy Ian Eglinton
Biogeosciences, 19, 5591–5616, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5591-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5591-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The majority of river studies focus on headwater or floodplain systems, while often neglecting intermediate river segments. Our study on the subalpine Sihl River bridges the gap between streams and lowlands and demonstrates that moderately steep river segments are areas of significant instream alterations, modulating the export of organic carbon over short distances.
Lisa Noll, Shasha Zhang, Qing Zheng, Yuntao Hu, Florian Hofhansl, and Wolfgang Wanek
Biogeosciences, 19, 5419–5433, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5419-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5419-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Cleavage of proteins to smaller nitrogen compounds allows microorganisms and plants to exploit the largest nitrogen reservoir in soils and is considered the bottleneck in soil organic nitrogen cycling. Results from soils covering a European transect show that protein turnover is constrained by soil geochemistry, shifts in climate and associated alterations in soil weathering and should be considered as a driver of soil nitrogen availability with repercussions on carbon cycle processes.
Muhammed Fatih Sert, Helge Niemann, Eoghan P. Reeves, Mats A. Granskog, Kevin P. Hand, Timo Kekäläinen, Janne Jänis, Pamela E. Rossel, Bénédicte Ferré, Anna Silyakova, and Friederike Gründger
Biogeosciences, 19, 2101–2120, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2101-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2101-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate organic matter composition in the Arctic Ocean water column. We collected seawater samples from sea ice to deep waters at six vertical profiles near an active hydrothermal vent and its plume. In comparison to seawater, we found that the organic matter in waters directly affected by the hydrothermal plume had different chemical composition. We suggest that hydrothermal processes may influence the organic matter distribution in the deep ocean.
Charlotte Haugk, Loeka L. Jongejans, Kai Mangelsdorf, Matthias Fuchs, Olga Ogneva, Juri Palmtag, Gesine Mollenhauer, Paul J. Mann, P. Paul Overduin, Guido Grosse, Tina Sanders, Robyn E. Tuerena, Lutz Schirrmeister, Sebastian Wetterich, Alexander Kizyakov, Cornelia Karger, and Jens Strauss
Biogeosciences, 19, 2079–2094, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2079-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2079-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Buried animal and plant remains (carbon) from the last ice age were freeze-locked in permafrost. At an extremely fast eroding permafrost cliff in the Lena Delta (Siberia), we found this formerly frozen carbon well preserved. Our results show that ongoing degradation releases substantial amounts of this carbon, making it available for future carbon emissions. This mobilisation at the studied cliff and also similarly eroding sites bear the potential to affect rivers and oceans negatively.
Aleksandar I. Goranov, Andrew S. Wozniak, Kyle W. Bostick, Andrew R. Zimmerman, Siddhartha Mitra, and Patrick G. Hatcher
Biogeosciences, 19, 1491–1514, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1491-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1491-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Wildfire-derived molecules are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment, but their biological fate remains understudied. We have evaluated the compositional changes that occur to wildfire-derived molecules after incubation with soil microbes. We observe a significant degradation but also a production of numerous new labile molecules. Our results indicate that wildfire-derived molecules can be broken down and the carbon and nitrogen therein can be incorporated into microbial food webs.
Edgart Flores, Sebastian I. Cantarero, Paula Ruiz-Fernández, Nadia Dildar, Matthias Zabel, Osvaldo Ulloa, and Julio Sepúlveda
Biogeosciences, 19, 1395–1420, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1395-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1395-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we investigate the chemical diversity and abundance of microbial lipids as markers of organic matter sources in the deepest points of the Atacama Trench sediments and compare them to similar lipid stocks in shallower surface sediments and in the overlying water column. We evaluate possible organic matter provenance and some potential chemical adaptations of the in situ microbial community to the extreme conditions of high hydrostatic pressure in hadal realm.
Birgit Gaye, Niko Lahajnar, Natalie Harms, Sophie Anna Luise Paul, Tim Rixen, and Kay-Christian Emeis
Biogeosciences, 19, 807–830, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-807-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-807-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Amino acids were analyzed in a large number of samples of particulate and dissolved organic matter from coastal regions and the open ocean. A statistical analysis produced two new biogeochemical indicators. An indicator of sinking particle and sediment degradation (SDI) traces the degradation of organic matter from the surface waters into the sediments. A second indicator shows the residence time of suspended matter in the ocean (RTI).
Zoë R. van Kemenade, Laura Villanueva, Ellen C. Hopmans, Peter Kraal, Harry J. Witte, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Darci Rush
Biogeosciences, 19, 201–221, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-201-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-201-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an important nitrogen-removal process in the ocean. We assess the distribution of bacteriohopanetetrol-x (BHT-x), used to trace past anammox, along a redox gradient in the water column of the Benguela upwelling system. BHT-x / BHT ratios of >0.18 correspond to the presence of living anammox bacteria and oxygen levels <50 μmol L−1. This allows for a more robust application of BHT-x to trace past marine anammox and deoxygenation in dynamic marine systems.
Jia-Jang Hung, Ching-Han Tung, Zong-Ying Lin, Yuh-ling Lee Chen, Shao-Hung Peng, Yen-Huei Lin, and Li-Shan Tsai
Biogeosciences, 18, 5141–5162, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5141-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5141-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We report measured active and passive fluxes and their controlling mechanisms in the northern South China Sea (NSCS). The total fluxes were higher than most reports in open oceans, indicating the significance of NSCS in atmospheric CO2 uptake and in storing that CO2 in the ocean’s interior. Winter cooling and extreme events enhanced nutrient availability and elevated fluxes. Global warming may have profound impacts on reducing ocean’s uptake and storage of CO2 in subtropical–tropical oceans.
Jens Daniel Müller, Bernd Schneider, Ulf Gräwe, Peer Fietzek, Marcus Bo Wallin, Anna Rutgersson, Norbert Wasmund, Siegfried Krüger, and Gregor Rehder
Biogeosciences, 18, 4889–4917, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4889-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4889-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Based on profiling pCO2 measurements from a field campaign, we quantify the biomass production of a cyanobacteria bloom in the Baltic Sea, the export of which would foster deep water deoxygenation. We further demonstrate how this biomass production can be accurately reconstructed from long-term surface measurements made on cargo vessels in combination with modelled temperature profiles. This approach enables a better understanding of a severe concern for the Baltic’s good environmental status.
Alexander Braun, Marina Spona-Friedl, Maria Avramov, Martin Elsner, Federico Baltar, Thomas Reinthaler, Gerhard J. Herndl, and Christian Griebler
Biogeosciences, 18, 3689–3700, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3689-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3689-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
It is known that CO2 fixation by photoautotrophic organisms is the major sink from the atmosphere. While biologists are aware that CO2 fixation also occurs in heterotrophic organisms, this route of inorganic carbon, and its quantitative role, is hardly recognized in biogeochemistry. We demonstrate that a considerable amount of CO2 is fixed annually through anaplerotic reactions in heterotrophic organisms, and a significant quantity of inorganic carbon is temporally sequestered in biomass.
Jonathan H. Raberg, David J. Harning, Sarah E. Crump, Greg de Wet, Aria Blumm, Sebastian Kopf, Áslaug Geirsdóttir, Gifford H. Miller, and Julio Sepúlveda
Biogeosciences, 18, 3579–3603, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3579-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3579-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
BrGDGT lipids are a proxy for temperature in lake sediments, but other parameters like pH can influence them, and seasonality can affect the temperatures they record. We find a warm-season bias at 43 new high-latitude sites. We also present a new method that deconvolves the effects of temperature, pH, and conductivity and generate global calibrations for these variables. Our study provides new paleoclimate tools, insight into brGDGTs at the biochemical level, and a new method for future study.
Charlotte L. Spencer-Jones, Erin L. McClymont, Nicole J. Bale, Ellen C. Hopmans, Stefan Schouten, Juliane Müller, E. Povl Abrahamsen, Claire Allen, Torsten Bickert, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Elaine Mawbey, Victoria Peck, Aleksandra Svalova, and James A. Smith
Biogeosciences, 18, 3485–3504, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3485-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3485-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term ocean temperature records are needed to fully understand the impact of West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse. Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are powerful tools for reconstructing ocean temperature but can be difficult to apply to the Southern Ocean. Our results show active GDGT synthesis in relatively warm depths of the ocean. This research improves the application of GDGT palaeoceanographic proxies in the Southern Ocean.
Alec W. Armstrong, Leanne Powers, and Michael Gonsior
Biogeosciences, 18, 3367–3390, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3367-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3367-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Living things decay into organic matter, which can dissolve into water (like tea brewing). Tea receives its color by absorbing light. Similarly, this material absorbs light, which can then cause chemical reactions that change it. By measuring changes in these optical properties, we found that materials from some places are more sensitive to light than others. Comparing sensitivity to light helps us understand where these materials come from and what happens as they move through water.
Ben J. Fisher, Johan C. Faust, Oliver W. Moore, Caroline L. Peacock, and Christian März
Biogeosciences, 18, 3409–3419, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3409-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3409-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Organic carbon can be protected from microbial degradation in marine sediments through association with iron minerals on 1000-year timescales. Despite the importance of this carbon sink, our spatial and temporal understanding of iron-bound organic carbon interactions globally is poor. Here we show that caution must be applied when comparing quantification of iron-bound organic carbon extracted by different methods as the extraction strength and method specificity can be highly variable.
Mark A. Stevenson, Suzanne McGowan, Emma J. Pearson, George E. A. Swann, Melanie J. Leng, Vivienne J. Jones, Joseph J. Bailey, Xianyu Huang, and Erika Whiteford
Biogeosciences, 18, 2465–2485, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2465-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2465-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We link detailed stable isotope and biomarker analyses from the catchments of three Arctic upland lakes on Disko Island (West Greenland) to a recent dated sediment core to understand how carbon cycling has changed over the past ~500 years. We find that the carbon deposited in sediments in these upland lakes is predominately sourced from in-lake production due to the catchment's limited terrestrial vegetation and elevation and that recent increases in algal production link with climate change.
Nadine T. Smit, Laura Villanueva, Darci Rush, Fausto Grassa, Caitlyn R. Witkowski, Mira Holzheimer, Adriaan J. Minnaard, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Stefan Schouten
Biogeosciences, 18, 1463–1479, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1463-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1463-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Soils from an everlasting fire (gas seep) in Sicily, Italy, reveal high relative abundances of novel uncultivated mycobacteria and unique 13C-depleted mycocerosic acids (multi-methyl branched fatty acids) close to the main gas seep. Our results imply that mycocerosic acids in combination with their depleted δ13C values offer a new biomarker tool to study the role of soil mycobacteria as hydrocarbon consumers in the modern and past global carbon cycle.
Marcus P. S. Badger
Biogeosciences, 18, 1149–1160, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1149-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1149-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Reconstructing ancient atmospheric CO2 is an important aim of palaeoclimate science in order to understand the Earth's climate system. One method, the alkenone proxy based on molecular fossils of coccolithophores, has been recently shown to be ineffective at low-to-moderate CO2 levels. In this paper I show that this is likely due to changes in the biogeochemistry of the coccolithophores when there is low carbon availability, but for much of the Cenozoic the alkenone proxy should have utility.
Loes G. J. van Bree, Francien Peterse, Allix J. Baxter, Wannes De Crop, Sigrid van Grinsven, Laura Villanueva, Dirk Verschuren, and Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté
Biogeosciences, 17, 5443–5463, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5443-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5443-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) are used as a paleothermometer based on their temperature dependence in global soils, but aquatic production complicates their use in lakes. BrGDGTs in the water column of Lake Chala, East Africa, respond to oxygen conditions and mixing. Changes in their signal can be linked to bacterial community composition rather than membrane adaptation to changing conditions. Their integrated signal in the sediment reflects mean air temperature.
Alexandra N. Loginova, Andrew W. Dale, Frédéric A. C. Le Moigne, Sören Thomsen, Stefan Sommer, David Clemens, Klaus Wallmann, and Anja Engel
Biogeosciences, 17, 4663–4679, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4663-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4663-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We measured dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (DON) and matter (DOM) optical properties in pore waters and near-bottom waters of the eastern tropical South Pacific off Peru. The difference between diffusion-driven and net fluxes of DOC and DON and qualitative changes in DOM optical properties suggested active microbial utilisation of the released DOM at the sediment–water interface. Our results suggest that the sediment release of DOM contributes to microbial processes in the area.
Gerard J. M. Versteegh, Alexander J. P. Houben, and Karin A. F. Zonneveld
Biogeosciences, 17, 3545–3561, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3545-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3545-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Anoxic sediments mostly contain much more organic matter than oxic ones, and therefore organic matter in anoxic settings is often considered to be preserved better than in oxic settings. However, through the analysis of the same fossil dinoflagellate cyst species from both oxic and anoxic settings, we show that at a molecular level the preservation in the oxic sediments may be better since in the anoxic setting the cyst macromolecule has been altered by postdepositional modification.
Jingjing Guo, Miriam Glendell, Jeroen Meersmans, Frédérique Kirkels, Jack J. Middelburg, and Francien Peterse
Biogeosciences, 17, 3183–3201, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3183-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3183-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The fluxes of soil organic carbon (OC) transport from land to sea are poorly constrained, mostly due to the lack of a specific tracer for soil OC. Here we evaluate the use of specific molecules derived from soil bacteria as a tracer for soil OC in a small river catchment. We find that the initial soil signal is lost upon entering the aquatic environment. However, the local environmental history of the catchment is reflected by these molecules in the lake sediments that act as their sink.
Zhuo-Yi Zhu, Joanne Oakes, Bradley Eyre, Youyou Hao, Edwin Sien Aun Sia, Shan Jiang, Moritz Müller, and Jing Zhang
Biogeosciences, 17, 2473–2485, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2473-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2473-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Samples were collected in August 2016 in the Rajang River and its estuary, with tropical forest in the river basin and peatland in the estuary. Organic matter composition was influenced by transportation in the river basin, whereas peatland added clear biodegraded parts to the fluvial organic matter, which implies modification of the initial lability and/or starting points in the subsequent degradation and alternation processes after the organic matter enters the sea.
Wenjie Xiao, Yasong Wang, Yongsheng Liu, Xi Zhang, Linlin Shi, and Yunping Xu
Biogeosciences, 17, 2135–2148, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2135-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2135-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The hadal zone (6–11 km depth) is the least explored habitat on Earth. We studied microbial branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) in the Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench. One unique feature is the strong predominance of 6-methyl brGDGT, which likely reflects an adaption of brGDGT-producing bacteria to alkaline seawater and low temperature. BrGDGTs, with elemental and isotopic data, suggest an autochthonous product for brGDGT. A new approach is proposed for brGDGT sourcing.
Yuge Bai, Edisson Subdiaga, Stefan B. Haderlein, Heike Knicker, and Andreas Kappler
Biogeosciences, 17, 683–698, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-683-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-683-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Biogeochemical processes of SOM are key for greenhouse gas emission and water quality. We extracted SOM by water or by NaOH–HCl under oxic–anoxic conditions. Chemical and anoxic extractions lead to higher SOM electron exchange capacities, resulting in stimulation of microbial Fe(III) reduction. Therefore, aqueous pH-neutral SOM extracts should be used to reflect environmental SOM redox processes, and artifacts of chemical extractions need to be considered when evaluating SOM redox processes.
Yan Shen, Volker Thiel, Pablo Suarez-Gonzalez, Sebastiaan W. Rampen, and Joachim Reitner
Biogeosciences, 17, 649–666, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-649-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-649-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Today, sterols are widespread in plants, animals, and fungi but are almost absent in the oldest rocks. Microbial mats, representing the earliest complex ecosystems on Earth, were omnipresent in Precambrian marine environments and may have degraded the sterols at that time. Here we analyze the distribution of sterols through a microbial mat. This provides insight into how variations in biological and nonbiological factors affect the preservation of sterols in modern and ancient microbial mats.
Sarah Coffinet, Travis B. Meador, Lukas Mühlena, Kevin W. Becker, Jan Schröder, Qing-Zeng Zhu, Julius S. Lipp, Verena B. Heuer, Matthew P. Crump, and Kai-Uwe Hinrichs
Biogeosciences, 17, 317–330, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-317-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-317-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study deals with two membrane lipids called BDGTs and PDGTs. Membrane lipids are molecules forming the cell envelope of all organisms. Different organisms produce different lipids thus they can be used to detect the presence of specific organisms in the environment. We analyzed the structure of these new lipids and looked for potential producers. We found that they are likely made by microbes emitting methane below the sediment surface and could be used to track these specific microbes.
Cited articles
Ardyna, M. and Arrigo, K. R.: Phytoplankton dynamics in a changing Arctic Ocean, Nat. Clim. Change, 10, 892–903, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0905-y, 2020.
Ardyna, M., Babin, M., Gosselin, M., Devred, E., Rainville, L., and Tremblay, J.-É.: Recent Arctic Ocean sea ice loss triggers novel fall phytoplankton blooms, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 6207–6212, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL061047, 2014.
Ardyna, M., Mundy, C. J., Mayot, N., Matthes, L. C., Oziel, L., Horvat, C., Leu, E., Assmy, P., Hill, V., Matrai, P. A., Gale, M., Melnikov, I. A., and Arrigo, K. R.: Under-Ice Phytoplankton Blooms: Shedding Light on the “Invisible” Part of Arctic Primary Production, Front. Mar. Sci., 7, 608032, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.608032, 2020.
Arrigo, K. R. and van Dijken, G. L.: Secular trends in Arctic Ocean net primary production, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 116, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007151, 2011.
Arrigo, K. R., Perovich, D. K., Pickart, R. S., Brown, Z. W., van Dijken, G. L., Lowry, K. E., Mills, M. M., Palmer, M. A., Balch, W. M., Bahr, F., Bates, N. R., Benitez-Nelson, C., Bowler, B., Brownlee, E., Ehn, J. K., Frey, K. E., Garley, R., Laney, S. R., Lubelczyk, L., Mathis, J., Matsuoka, A., Mitchell, B. G., Moore, G. W. K., Ortega-Retuerta, E., Pal, S., Polashenski, C. M., Reynolds, R. A., Schieber, B., Sosik, H. M., Stephens, M., and Swift, J. H.: Massive Phytoplankton Blooms Under Arctic Sea Ice, Science, 336, 1408–1408, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1215065, 2012.
Arrigo, K. R.: Sea ice as a habitat for primary producers, in: Sea Ice, 352–369, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118778371.ch14, 2017.
Bai, Y., Sicre, M.-A., Chen, J., Klein, V., Jin, H., Ren, J., Li, H., Xue, B., Ji, Z., Zhuang, Y., and Zhao, M.: Seasonal and spatial variability of sea ice and phytoplankton biomarker flux in the Chukchi sea (western Arctic Ocean), Prog. Oceanogr., 171, 22–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2018.12.002, 2019.
Belt, S. T. and Müller, J.: The Arctic sea ice biomarker IP25: a review of current understanding, recommendations for future research and applications in palaeo sea ice reconstructions, Quat. Sci. Rev., 79, 9–25, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.12.001, 2013.
Belt, S. T., Brown, T. A., Smik, L., Tatarek, A., Wiktor, J., Stowasser, G., Assmy, P., Allen, C. S., and Husum, K.: Identification of C25 highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) alkenes in diatoms of the genus Rhizosolenia in polar and sub-polar marine phytoplankton, Organ. Geochem.,, 110, 65–72, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2017.05.007, 2017.
Belt, S. T., Cabedo-Sanz, P., Smik, L., Navarro-Rodriguez, A., Berben, S. M. P., Knies, J., and Husum, K.: Identification of paleo Arctic winter sea ice limits and the marginal ice zone: Optimised biomarker-based reconstructions of late Quaternary Arctic sea ice, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 431, 127–139, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.09.020, 2015.
Belt, S. T., Massé, G., Rowland, S. J., Poulin, M., Michel, C., and LeBlanc, B.: A novel chemical fossil of palaeo sea ice: IP25, Organ. Geochem., 38, 16–27, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2006.09.013, 2007.
Belt, S. T.: Source-specific biomarkers as proxies for Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, Organ. Geochem., 125, 277–298, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.10.002, 2018.
Boetius, A., Albrecht, S., Bakker, K., Bienhold, C., Felden, J., Fernández-Méndez, M., Hendricks, S., Katlein, C., Lalande, C., Krumpen, T., Nicolaus, M., Peeken, I., Rabe, B., Rogacheva, A., Rybakova, E., Somavilla, R., Wenzhöfer, F., and RV Polarstern ARK 27-3-S.S. Party: Export of Algal Biomass from the Melting Arctic Sea Ice, Science, 339, 1430–1432, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1231346, 2013.
Brabets, T. P., Wang, B., Meade, R. H.: Environmental and hydrologic overview of the Yukon River Basin, Alaska and Canada, U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report, 106 pp., 2000.
Brown, K. A., Holding, J. M., and Carmack, E. C.: Understanding Regional and Seasonal Variability Is Key to Gaining a Pan-Arctic Perspective on Arctic Ocean Freshening, Front. Mar. Sci., 7, 606, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00606, 2020.
Brown, T. A., Belt, S. T., Philippe, B., Mundy, C. J., Massé, G., Poulin, M., and Gosselin, M.: Temporal and vertical variations of lipid biomarkers during a bottom ice diatom bloom in the Canadian Beaufort Sea: further evidence for the use of the IP25 biomarker as a proxy for spring Arctic sea ice, Polar Biol., 34, 1857–1868, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0942-5, 2011.
Brown, T. A., Belt, S. T., Tatarek, A., and Mundy, C. J.: Source identification of the Arctic sea ice proxy IP25, Nat. Commun., 5, 4197, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5197, 2014a.
Brown, T. A., Yurkowski, D. J., Ferguson, S. H., Alexander, C., and Belt, S. T.: H-Print: a new chemical fingerprinting approach for distinguishing primary production sources in Arctic ecosystems, Environ. Chem. Lett., 12, 387–392, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-014-0459-1, 2014b.
Cautain, I. J., Last, K. S., McKee, D., Bluhm, B. A., Renaud, P. E., Ziegler, A. F., and Narayanaswamy, B. E.: Uptake of sympagic organic carbon by the Barents Sea benthos linked to sea ice seasonality, Front. Mar. Sci., 9, 1009303, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1009303, 2022.
Coachman, L. K., Aagaard, K., and Tripp, R. B.: Bering Strait: the regional physical oceanography, University of Washington Press, 72 pp., 1975.
Coupel, P., Jin, H. Y., Joo, M., Horner, R., Bouvet, H. A., Sicre, M.-A., Gascard, J.-C., Chen, J. F., Garçon, V., and Ruiz-Pino, D.: Phytoplankton distribution in unusually low sea ice cover over the Pacific Arctic, Biogeosciences, 9, 4835–4850, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4835-2012, 2012.
Coupel, P., Ruiz-Pino, D., Sicre, M. A., Chen, J. F., Lee, S. H., Schiffrine, N., Li, H. L., and Gascard, J. C.: The impact of freshening on phytoplankton production in the Pacific Arctic Ocean, Prog. Oceanogr., 131, 113–125, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2014.12.003, 2015.
Darby, D. A., Ortiz, J., Polyak, L., Lund, S., Jakobsson, M., and Woodgate, R. A.: The role of currents and sea ice in both slowly deposited central Arctic and rapidly deposited Chukchi–Alaskan margin sediments, Global Planet. Change, 68, 58–72, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2009.02.007, 2009.
DiGirolamo, N. E., Parkinson, C. L., Cavalieri, D. J., Gloersen, P., and Zwally, H. J.: Sea Ice Concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I-SSMIS Passive Microwave Data, Version 2 [Data Set], Boulder, Colorado USA. NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center, https://doi.org/10.5067/MPYG15WAA4WX, 2022.
Ehrlich, J., Bluhm, B. A., Peeken, I., Massicotte, P., Schaafsma, F. L., Castellani, G., Brandt, A., and Flores, H.: Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring, Elementa, 9, 00169, https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00169, 2021.
Eicken, H., Gradinger, R., Gaylord, A., Mahoney, A., Rigor, I., and Melling, H.: Sediment transport by sea ice in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas: Increasing importance due to changing ice conditions?, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 52, 3281–3302, 2005.
Fahl, K. and Stein, R.: Biomarkers as organic-carbon-source and environmental indicators in the Late Quaternary Arctic Ocean: problems and perspectives, Mar. Chem., 63, 293–309, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00068-1, 1999.
Fernández-Méndez, M., Katlein, C., Rabe, B., Nicolaus, M., Peeken, I., Bakker, K., Flores, H., and Boetius, A.: Photosynthetic production in the central Arctic Ocean during the record sea-ice minimum in 2012, Biogeosciences, 12, 3525–3549, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3525-2015, 2015.
Gal, J.-K., Ha, S.-Y., Park, J., Shin, K.-H., Kim, D., Kim, N.-Y., Kang, S.-H., and Yang, E. J.: Seasonal Flux of Ice-Related Organic Matter During Under-Ice Blooms in the Western Arctic Ocean Revealed by Algal Lipid Biomarkers, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 127, e2021JC017914, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017914, 2022.
Gosselin, M., Levasseur, M., Wheeler, P. A., Horner, R. A., and Booth, B. C.: New measurements of phytoplankton and ice algal production in the Arctic Ocean, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 44, 1623–1644, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(97)00054-4, 1997.
Gradinger, R.: Sea-ice algae: Major contributors to primary production and algal biomass in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas during May/June 2002, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 56, 1201–1212, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.10.016, 2009.
Gradinger, R.: Vertical fine structure of the biomass and composition of algal communities in Arctic pack ice, Mar. Biol., 133, 745–754, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002270050516, 1999.
Grebmeier, J. M., Cooper, L. W., Feder, H. M., and Sirenko, B. I.: Ecosystem dynamics of the Pacific-influenced Northern Bering and Chukchi Seas in the Amerasian Arctic, Prog. Oceanogr., 71, 331–361, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2006.10.001, 2006.
Grebmeier, J. M., McRoy, C. P., and Feder, H. M.: Pelagic-benthic coupling on the shelf of the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas, I. Food supply source and benthic biomass, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 48, 57–67, 1988.
Grice, K., Klein Breteler, W. C. M., Schouten, S., Grossi, V., de Leeuw, J. W., and Damsté, J. S. S.: Effects of zooplankton herbivory on biomarker proxy records, Paleoceanography, 13, 686–693, https://doi.org/10.1029/98PA01871, 1998.
Harada, N.: Review: Potential catastrophic reduction of sea ice in the western Arctic Ocean: Its impact on biogeochemical cycles and marine ecosystems, Global Planet. Change, 136, 1–17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.11.005, 2016.
Harper, J. R.: Coastal Erosion Rates along the Chukchi Sea Coast Near Barrow, Alaska, Arctic, 31, 428–433, 1978.
Hill, V., Ardyna, M., Lee, S. H., and Varela, D. E.: Decadal trends in phytoplankton production in the Pacific Arctic Region from 1950 to 2012, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 152, 82–94, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.12.015, 2018.
Holm-Hansen, O., Lorenzen, C. J., Holmes, R. W., and Strickland, J. D. H.: Fluorometric Determination of Chlorophyll, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 30, 3–15, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/30.1.3, 1965.
Hop, H., Vihtakari, M., Bluhm, B. A., Assmy, P., Poulin, M., Gradinger, R., Peeken, I., von Quillfeldt, C., Olsen, L. M., Zhitina, L., and Melnikov, I. A.: Changes in Sea-Ice Protist Diversity With Declining Sea Ice in the Arctic Ocean From the 1980s to 2010s, Front. Mar. Sci., 7, 243, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00243, 2020.
Hunt Jr, G. L., Stabeno, P., Walters, G., Sinclair, E., Brodeur, R. D., Napp, J. M., and Bond, N. A.: Climate change and control of the southeastern Bering Sea pelagic ecosystem, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 49, 5821–5853, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00321-1, 2002.
Hunt, G. L., Blanchard, A. L., Boveng, P., Dalpadado, P., Drinkwater, K. F., Eisner, L., Hopcroft, R. R., Kovacs, K. M., Norcross, B. L., Renaud, P., Reigstad, M., Renner, M., Skjoldal, H. R., Whitehouse, A., and Woodgate, R. A.: The Barents and Chukchi Seas: Comparison of two Arctic shelf ecosystems, J. Mar. Syst., 109, 43–68, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2012.08.003, 2013.
Huntington, H. P., Danielson, S. L., Wiese, F. K., Baker, M., Boveng, P., Citta, J. J., De Robertis, A., Dickson, D. M. S., Farley, E., George, J. C., Iken, K., Kimmel, D. G., Kuletz, K., Ladd, C., Levine, R., Quakenbush, L., Stabeno, P., Stafford, K. M., Stockwell, D., and Wilson, C.: Evidence suggests potential transformation of the Pacific Arctic ecosystem is underway, Nat. Clim. Change, 10, 342–348, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0695-2, 2020.
Jakobsson, M., Andreassen, K., Bjarnadóttir, L. R., Dove, D., Dowdeswell, J. A., England, J. H., Funder, S., Hogan, K., Ingólfsson, Ó., Jennings, A., Krog Larsen, N., Kirchner, N., Landvik, J. Y., Mayer, L., Mikkelsen, N., Möller, P., Niessen, F., Nilsson, J., O'Regan, M., Polyak, L., Nørgaard-Pedersen, N., and Stein, R.: Arctic Ocean glacial history, Quat. Sci. Rev., 92, 40–67, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.07.033, 2014.
Ji, R., Ashjian, C. J., Campbell, R. G., Chen, C., Gao, G., Davis, C. S., Cowles, G. W., and Beardsley, R. C.: Life history and biogeography of Calanus copepods in the Arctic Ocean: An individual-based modeling study, Prog. Oceanogr., 96, 40–56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2011.10.001, 2012.
Ji, Z., Jin, H., Stein, R., Li, Z., Bai, Y., Li, H., Zhang, Y., and Chen, J.: Distribution and Sources of Organic Matter in Surface Sediments of the Northern Bering and Chukchi Seas by Using Bulk and Tetraether Proxies, J. Ocean Univ. China, 18, 563–572, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-019-3869-7, 2019.
Jin, M., Deal, C., Lee, S. H., Elliott, S., Hunke, E., Maltrud, M., and Jeffery, N.: Investigation of Arctic sea ice and ocean primary production for the period 1992–2007 using a 3-D global ice–ocean ecosystem model, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 81, 28–35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2011.06.003, 2012.
Kahru, M., Lee, Z., Mitchell, B. G., and Nevison, C. D.: Effects of sea ice cover on satellite-detected primary production in the Arctic Ocean, Biol. Lett., 12, 20160223, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0223, 2016.
Koch, C. W., Cooper, L. W., Lalande, C., Brown, T. A., Frey, K. E., and Grebmeier, J. M.: Seasonal and latitudinal variations in sea ice algae deposition in the Northern Bering and Chukchi Seas determined by algal biomarkers, PLOS ONE, 15, e0231178, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231178, 2020a.
Koch, C. W., Cooper, L. W., Grebmeier, J. M., Frey, K., and Brown, T. A.: Ice algae resource utilization by benthic macro-and megafaunal communities on the Pacific Arctic shelf determined through lipid biomarker analysis, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 651, 23–43, 2020b.
Koch, C. W., Brown, T. A., Amiraux, R., Ruiz-Gonzalez, C., MacCorquodale, M., Yunda-Guarin, G. A., Kohlbach, D., Loseto, L. L., Rosenberg, B., and Hussey, N. E.: Year-round utilization of sea ice-associated carbon in Arctic ecosystems, Nat. Commun., 14, 1964, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37612-8, 2023.
Kohlbach, D., Graeve, M., A. Lange, B., David, C., Peeken, I., and Flores, H.: The importance of ice algae-produced carbon in the central Arctic Ocean ecosystem: Food web relationships revealed by lipid and stable isotope analyses, Limnol. Oceanogr., 61, 2027–2044, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10351, 2016.
Kolling, H. M., Stein, R., Fahl, K., Sadatzki, H., de Vernal, A., and Xiao, X.: Biomarker Distributions in (Sub)-Arctic Surface Sediments and Their Potential for Sea Ice Reconstructions, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 21, e2019GC008629, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GC008629, 2020.
Kolling, H., Schneider, R., Gross, F., Hamann, C., Kienast, M., Kienast, S., Doering, K., Fahl, K., and Stein, R.: Biomarker Records of Environmental Shifts on the Labrador Shelf During the Holocene, Paleoceanogr. Paleoclimatol., 38, e2022PA004578, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022PA004578, 2023.
Lannuzel, D., Tedesco, L., van Leeuwe, M., Campbell, K., Flores, H., Delille, B., Miller, L., Stefels, J., Assmy, P., Bowman, J., Brown, K., Castellani, G., Chierici, M., Crabeck, O., Damm, E., Else, B., Fransson, A., Fripiat, F., Geilfus, N.-X., Jacques, C., Jones, E., Kaartokallio, H., Kotovitch, M., Meiners, K., Moreau, S., Nomura, D., Peeken, I., Rintala, J.-M., Steiner, N., Tison, J.-L., Vancoppenolle, M., Van der Linden, F., Vichi, M., and Wongpan, P.: The future of Arctic sea-ice biogeochemistry and ice-associated ecosystems, Nat. Clim. Change, 10, 983–992, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-00940-4, 2020.
Legendre, L., Ackley, S. F., Dieckmann, G. S., Gulliksen, B., Horner, R., Hoshiai, T., Melnikov, I. A., Reeburgh, W. S., Spindler, M., and Sullivan, C. W.: Ecology of sea ice biota, Polar Biol., 12, 429–444, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00243114, 1992.
Leu, E., Søreide, J. E., Hessen, D. O., Falk-Petersen, S., and Berge, J.: Consequences of changing sea-ice cover for primary and secondary producers in the European Arctic shelf seas: Timing, quantity, and quality, Prog. Oceanogr., 90, 18–32, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2011.02.004, 2011.
Li, W. K., McLaughlin, F. A., Lovejoy, C., and Carmack, E. C.: Smallest algae thrive as the Arctic Ocean freshens, Science, 326, 539–539, 2009.
Massé, G., Rowland, S. J., Sicre, M.-A., Jacob, J., Jansen, E., and Belt, S. T.: Abrupt climate changes for Iceland during the last millennium: Evidence from high resolution sea ice reconstructions, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 269, 565–569, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2008.03.017, 2008.
Masson-Delmotte, V., Zhai, P., Pirani, A., Connors, S. L., Péan, C., Berger, S., Caud, N., Chen, Y., Goldfarb, L., Gomis, M. I., Huang, M., Leitzell, K., Lonnoy, E., Matthews, J. B. R., Maycock, T. K., Waterfield, T., Yelekçi, O., Yu, R., and Zhou, B. (Eds.): IPCC, 2021: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157896, 2021.
Méheust, M., Fahl, K., and Stein, R.: Variability in modern sea surface temperature, sea ice and terrigenous input in the sub-polar North Pacific and Bering Sea: Reconstruction from biomarker data, Organ. Geochem., 57, 54–64, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.01.008, 2013.
Moore, S. E. and Grebmeier, J. M.: The Distributed Biological Observatory: Linking Physics to Biology in the Pacific Arctic Region, Arctic, 71, 1–7, 2018.
Moran, S. B., Lomas, M. W., Kelly, R. P., Gradinger, R., Iken, K., and Mathis, J. T.: Seasonal succession of net primary productivity, particulate organic carbon export, and autotrophic community composition in the eastern Bering Sea, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 65, 84–97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.02.011, 2012.
Müller, J., Wagner, A., Fahl, K., Stein, R., Prange, M., and Lohmann, G.: Towards quantitative sea ice reconstructions in the northern North Atlantic: A combined biomarker and numerical modelling approach, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 306, 137–148, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.04.011, 2011.
Naidu, A., Cooper, L., Grebmeier, J., Whitledge, T., and Hameedi, M.: The continental margin of the North Bering-Chukchi Sea: concentrations, sources, fluxes, accumulation and burial rates of organic carbon, The Organic Carbon Cycle in the Arctic Ocean, 193–203, 2004.
Park, Y.-H., Yamamoto, M., Nam, S.-I., Irino, T., Polyak, L., Harada, N., Nagashima, K., Khim, B.-K., Chikita, K., and Saitoh, S.-I.: Distribution, source and transportation of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers in surface sediments from the western Arctic Ocean and the northern Bering Sea, Mar. Chem., 165, 10–24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2014.07.001, 2014.
Park, J. H., Kim, S.-J., Lim, H.-G., Kug, J.-S., Yang, E. J., and Kim, B.-M.: Phytoplankton responses to increasing Arctic river discharge under the present and future climate simulations, Environ. Res. Lett., 18, 064037, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/acd568, 2023.
Pearce, C., Varhelyi, A., Wastegård, S., Muschitiello, F., Barrientos, N., O'Regan, M., Cronin, T. M., Gemery, L., Semiletov, I., Backman, J., and Jakobsson, M.: The 3.6 ka Aniakchak tephra in the Arctic Ocean: a constraint on the Holocene radiocarbon reservoir age in the Chukchi Sea, Clim. Past, 13, 303–316, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-303-2017, 2017.
Pickart, R. S., Spall, M. A., Moore, G. W. K., Weingartner, T. J., Woodgate, R. A., Aagaard, K., and Shimada, K.: Upwelling in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea: Atmospheric forcing and local versus non-local response, Prog. Oceanogr., 88, 78–100, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2010.11.005, 2011.
Polyak, L., Bischof, J., Ortiz, J. D., Darby, D. A., Channell, J. E. T., Xuan, C., Kaufman, D. S., Løvlie, R., Schneider, D. A., Eberl, D. D., Adler, R. E., and Council, E. A.: Late Quaternary stratigraphy and sedimentation patterns in the western Arctic Ocean, Global Planet. Change, 68, 5–17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2009.03.014, 2009.
Renaut, S., Devred, E., and Babin, M.: Northward Expansion and Intensification of Phytoplankton Growth During the Early Ice-Free Season in Arctic, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, 10590–10598, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078995, 2018.
Roach, A. T., Aagaard, K., Pease, C. H., Salo, S. A., Weingartner, T., Pavlov, V., and Kulakov, M.: Direct measurements of transport and water properties through the Bering Strait, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 100, 18443–18457, https://doi.org/10.1029/95JC01673, 1995.
Schlitzer, Reiner, Ocean Data View, https://odv.awi.de/ (last access: 14 November 2023), 2023.
Schmidt, K., Brown, T. A., Belt, S. T., Ireland, L. C., Taylor, K. W. R., Thorpe, S. E., Ward, P., and Atkinson, A.: Do pelagic grazers benefit from sea ice? Insights from the Antarctic sea ice proxy IPSO25, Biogeosciences, 15, 1987–2006, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1987-2018, 2018.
Shimada, K., Kamoshida, T., Itoh, M., Nishino, S., Carmack, E., McLaughlin, F., Zimmermann, S., and Proshutinsky, A.: Pacific Ocean inflow: Influence on catastrophic reduction of sea ice cover in the Arctic Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L08605, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL025624, 2006.
Smik, L., Cabedo-Sanz, P., and Belt, S. T.: Semi-quantitative estimates of paleo Arctic sea ice concentration based on source-specific highly branched isoprenoid alkenes: A further development of the PIP25 index, Organ. Geochem., 92, 63–69, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2015.12.007, 201
Søreide,, J. E., Leu, E., Berge, J., Graeve, M., and Falk-Petersen, S.: Timing of blooms, algal food quality and Calanus glacialis reproduction and growth in a changing Arctic, Global Change Biology, 16, 3154–3163, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02175.x, 2010.
Stabeno, P. J. and Reed, R. K.: Circulation in the Bering Sea Basin Observed by Satellite-Tracked Drifters: 1986–1993, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 848–854, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1994)024< 0848:CITBSB>2.0.CO;2, 1994.
Stein, R., Matthiessen, J., Niessen, F., Krylov, A., Nam, S.-I., and Bazhenova, E.: Towards a better (litho-) stratigraphy and reconstruction of Quaternary paleoenvironment in the Amerasian Basin (Arctic Ocean), Polarforschung, 79, 97–121, 2010.
Stein, R., Fahl, K., Schreck, M., Knorr, G., Niessen, F., Forwick, M., Gebhardt, C., Jensen, L., Kaminski, M., and Kopf, A.: Evidence for ice-free summers in the late Miocene central Arctic Ocean, Nat. Commun., 7, 11148, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11148, 2016.
Su, L., Ren, J., Sicre, M. A., Bai, Y., Zhao, R., Han, X., Li, Z., Jin, H., Astakhov, A. S., Shi, X., and Chen, J.: Changing sources and burial of organic carbon in the Chukchi Sea sediments with retreating sea ice over recent centuries, Clim. Past, 19, 1305-1320, 10.5194/cp-19-1305-2023, 2023.
Su, L., Ren, J., Sicre, M.-A., Bai, Y., Jalali, B., Li, Z., Jin, H., Astakhov, A. S., Shi, X., and Chen, J.: HBIs and Sterols in Surface Sediments Across the East Siberian Sea: Implications for Palaeo Sea-Ice Reconstructions, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 23, e2021GC009940, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GC009940, 2022.
Tedesco, L., Vichi, M., and Scoccimarro, E.: Sea-ice algal phenology in a warmer Arctic, Sci. Adv., 5, eaav4830, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav4830, 2019.
Tolosa, I., Fiorini, S., Gasser, B., Martín, J., and Miquel, J. C.: Carbon sources in suspended particles and surface sediments from the Beaufort Sea revealed by molecular lipid biomarkers and compound-specific isotope analysis, Biogeosciences, 10, 2061–2087, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2061-2013, 2013.
Volkman, J. K.: A review of sterol markers for marine and terrigenous organic matter, Organ. Geochem., 9, 83–99, https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(86)90089-6, 1986.
Volkman, J. K.: Sterols in Microalgae, edited by: Borowitzka, M. A., Beardall, J., and Raven, J. A., The Physiology of Microalgae, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 485–505, 2016.
Walsh, J. E., Fetterer, F., Scott stewart, J., and Chapman, W. L.: A database for depicting Arctic sea ice variations back to 1850, Geogr. Rev., 107, 89–107, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1931-0846.2016.12195.x, 2017.
Weingartner, T. J., Danielson, S., Sasaki, Y., Pavlov, V., and Kulakov, M.: The Siberian Coastal Current: A wind- and buoyancy-forced Arctic coastal current, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 104, 29697–29713, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900161, 1999.
Weingartner, T., Aagaard, K., Woodgate, R., Danielson, S., Sasaki, Y., and Cavalieri, D.: Circulation on the north central Chukchi Sea shelf, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 52, 3150–3174, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.10.015, 2005.
Welschmeyer, N. A.: Fluorometric analysis of chlorophyll a in the presence of chlorophyll b and pheopigments, Limnol. Oceanogr., 39, 1985–1992, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1994.39.8.1985, 1994.
Williford, K. H., Ward, P. D., Garrison, G. H., and Buick, R.: An extended organic carbon-isotope record across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary in the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 244, 290–296, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.06.032, 2007.
Woodgate, R. A. and Peralta-Ferriz, C.: Warming and Freshening of the Pacific Inflow to the Arctic From 1990–2019 Implying Dramatic Shoaling in Pacific Winter Water Ventilation of the Arctic Water Column, Geophys. Res. Lett., 48, e2021GL092528, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL092528, 2021.
Woodgate, R. A. and Aagaard, K.: Revising the Bering Strait freshwater flux into the Arctic Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L02602, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021747, 2005.
Woodgate, R. A., Aagaard, K., and Weingartner, T. J.: A year in the physical oceanography of the Chukchi Sea: Moored measurements from autumn 1990–1991, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 52, 3116–3149, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.10.016, 2005.
Woodgate, R. A.: Increases in the Pacific inflow to the Arctic from 1990 to 2015, and insights into seasonal trends and driving mechanisms from year-round Bering Strait mooring data, Prog. Oceanogr., 160, 124–154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2017.12.007, 2018.
Xiao, X., Fahl, K., Müller, J., and Stein, R.: Sea-ice distribution in the modern Arctic Ocean: Biomarker records from trans-Arctic Ocean surface sediments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 155, 16–29, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.01.029, 2015.
Yunker, M. B., Macdonald, R. W., Veltkamp, D. J., and Cretney, W. J.: Terrestrial and marine biomarkers in a seasonally ice-covered Arctic estuary – integration of multivariate and biomarker approaches, Mar. Chem., 49, 1–50, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(94)00057-K, 1995.
Zhuang, Y., Jin, H., Chen, J., Ren, J., Zhang, Y., Lan, M., Zhang, T., He, J., and Tian, J.: Phytoplankton Community Structure at Subsurface Chlorophyll Maxima on the Western Arctic Shelf: Patterns, Causes, and Ecological Importance, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 125, e2019JG005570, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JG005570, 2020.
Short summary
Algal biomarkers were used to assess sea ice and pelagic algal production across the western Arctic Ocean with changing sea-ice conditions. They show three distinct areas along with a marked latitudinal gradient of sea ice over pelagic algal production in surface sediments that are reflected by the H-Print index. Our data also show that efficient grazing consumption accounted for the dramatic decrease of diatom-derived biomarkers in sediments compared to that of particulate matter.
Algal biomarkers were used to assess sea ice and pelagic algal production across the western...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint