Articles | Volume 16, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-733-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-733-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
06 Feb 2019
Research article |
| 06 Feb 2019
| 06 Feb 2019
Main drivers of transparent exopolymer particle distribution across the surface Atlantic Ocean
Marina Zamanillo
Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del
Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Eva Ortega-Retuerta
Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del
Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR 7621, Laboratoire
d'Océanographie Microbienne, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
Sdena Nunes
Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del
Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Pablo Rodríguez-Ros
Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del
Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Manuel Dall'Osto
Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del
Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Marta Estrada
Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del
Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Maria Montserrat Sala
Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del
Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Rafel Simó
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del
Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Related authors
No articles found.
Arianna Rocchi, Mark F. Fitzsimons, Preston Akenga, Ana Sotomayor, Elisabet L. Sà, Queralt Güell-Bujons, Magda Vila, Yaiza M. Castillo, Manuel Dall’Osto, Dolors Vaqué, Charel Wohl, Rafel Simó, and Elisa Berdalet
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-407, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-407, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
During the Polar Change expedition, volatile alkylamines, important players in nitrogen cycling and cloud formation, were measured in Antarctic waters using a high-sensitivity method. Trimethylamine was the dominant alkylamine in marine particles, associated with nanophytoplankton. Dissolved dimethylamine likely originated from trimethylamine degradation, while diethylamine sources remain unclear. These findings confirm the biological origin of alkylamines in polar marine microbial food webs.
James Brean, David C. S. Beddows, Eija Asmi, Aki Virkkula, Lauriane L. J. Quéléver, Mikko Sipilä, Floortje Van Den Heuvel, Thomas Lachlan-Cope, Anna Jones, Markus Frey, Angelo Lupi, Jiyeon Park, Young Jun Yoon, Rolf Weller, Giselle L. Marincovich, Gabriela C. Mulena, Roy M. Harrison, and Manuel Dall'Osto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1145–1162, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1145-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1145-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our results emphasise how understanding the geographical variation in surface types across the Antarctic is key to understanding secondary aerosol sources.
Sankirna D. Joge, Anoop S. Mahajan, Shrivardhan Hulswar, Christa A. Marandino, Martí Galí, Thomas G. Bell, and Rafel Simó
Biogeosciences, 21, 4439–4452, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4439-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4439-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is the largest natural source of sulfur in the atmosphere and leads to the formation of cloud condensation nuclei. DMS emission and quantification of its impacts have large uncertainties, but a detailed study on the emissions and drivers of their uncertainty is missing to date. The emissions are usually calculated from the seawater DMS concentrations and a flux parameterization. Here we quantify the differences in DMS seawater products, which can affect DMS fluxes.
Sankirna D. Joge, Anoop S. Mahajan, Shrivardhan Hulswar, Christa A. Marandino, Martí Galí, Thomas G. Bell, Mingxi Yang, and Rafel Simó
Biogeosciences, 21, 4453–4467, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4453-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4453-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is the largest natural source of sulfur in the atmosphere and leads to the formation of cloud condensation nuclei. DMS emissions and quantification of their impacts have large uncertainties, but a detailed study on the range of emissions and drivers of their uncertainty is missing to date. The emissions are calculated from the seawater DMS concentrations and a flux parameterization. Here we quantify the differences in the effect of flux parameterizations used in models.
Marco Paglione, David C. S. Beddows, Anna Jones, Thomas Lachlan-Cope, Matteo Rinaldi, Stefano Decesari, Francesco Manarini, Mara Russo, Karam Mansour, Roy M. Harrison, Andrea Mazzanti, Emilio Tagliavini, and Manuel Dall'Osto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6305–6322, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6305-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6305-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Applying factor analysis techniques to H-NMR spectra, we present the organic aerosol (OA) source apportionment of PM1 samples collected in parallel at two Antarctic stations, namely Signy and Halley, allowing investigation of aerosol–climate interactions in an unperturbed atmosphere. Our results show remarkable differences between pelagic (open-ocean) and sympagic (sea-ice-influenced) air masses and indicate that various sources and processes are controlling Antarctic aerosols.
Zhibo Shao, Yangchun Xu, Hua Wang, Weicheng Luo, Lice Wang, Yuhong Huang, Nona Sheila R. Agawin, Ayaz Ahmed, Mar Benavides, Mikkel Bentzon-Tilia, Ilana Berman-Frank, Hugo Berthelot, Isabelle C. Biegala, Mariana B. Bif, Antonio Bode, Sophie Bonnet, Deborah A. Bronk, Mark V. Brown, Lisa Campbell, Douglas G. Capone, Edward J. Carpenter, Nicolas Cassar, Bonnie X. Chang, Dreux Chappell, Yuh-ling Lee Chen, Matthew J. Church, Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo, Amália Maria Sacilotto Detoni, Scott C. Doney, Cecile Dupouy, Marta Estrada, Camila Fernandez, Bieito Fernández-Castro, Debany Fonseca-Batista, Rachel A. Foster, Ken Furuya, Nicole Garcia, Kanji Goto, Jesús Gago, Mary R. Gradoville, M. Robert Hamersley, Britt A. Henke, Cora Hörstmann, Amal Jayakumar, Zhibing Jiang, Shuh-Ji Kao, David M. Karl, Leila R. Kittu, Angela N. Knapp, Sanjeev Kumar, Julie LaRoche, Hongbin Liu, Jiaxing Liu, Caroline Lory, Carolin R. Löscher, Emilio Marañón, Lauren F. Messer, Matthew M. Mills, Wiebke Mohr, Pia H. Moisander, Claire Mahaffey, Robert Moore, Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido, Margaret R. Mulholland, Shin-ichiro Nakaoka, Joseph A. Needoba, Eric J. Raes, Eyal Rahav, Teodoro Ramírez-Cárdenas, Christian Furbo Reeder, Lasse Riemann, Virginie Riou, Julie C. Robidart, Vedula V. S. S. Sarma, Takuya Sato, Himanshu Saxena, Corday Selden, Justin R. Seymour, Dalin Shi, Takuhei Shiozaki, Arvind Singh, Rachel E. Sipler, Jun Sun, Koji Suzuki, Kazutaka Takahashi, Yehui Tan, Weiyi Tang, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Kendra Turk-Kubo, Zuozhu Wen, Angelicque E. White, Samuel T. Wilson, Takashi Yoshida, Jonathan P. Zehr, Run Zhang, Yao Zhang, and Ya-Wei Luo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3673–3709, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3673-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3673-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
N2 fixation by marine diazotrophs is an important bioavailable N source to the global ocean. This updated global oceanic diazotroph database increases the number of in situ measurements of N2 fixation rates, diazotrophic cell abundances, and nifH gene copy abundances by 184 %, 86 %, and 809 %, respectively. Using the updated database, the global marine N2 fixation rate is estimated at 223 ± 30 Tg N yr−1, which triplicates that using the original database.
George Manville, Thomas G. Bell, Jane P. Mulcahy, Rafel Simó, Martí Galí, Anoop S. Mahajan, Shrivardhan Hulswar, and Paul R. Halloran
Biogeosciences, 20, 1813–1828, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1813-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1813-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present the first global investigation of controls on seawater dimethylsulfide (DMS) spatial variability over scales of up to 100 km. Sea surface height anomalies, density, and chlorophyll a help explain almost 80 % of DMS variability. The results suggest that physical and biogeochemical processes play an equally important role in controlling DMS variability. These data provide independent confirmation that existing parameterisations of seawater DMS concentration use appropriate variables.
James Brean, David C. S. Beddows, Roy M. Harrison, Congbo Song, Peter Tunved, Johan Ström, Radovan Krejci, Eyal Freud, Andreas Massling, Henrik Skov, Eija Asmi, Angelo Lupi, and Manuel Dall'Osto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2183–2198, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2183-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2183-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Our results emphasize how understanding the geographical variation in surface types across the Arctic is key to understanding secondary aerosol sources. We provide a harmonised analysis of new particle formation across the Arctic.
Matthew Boyer, Diego Aliaga, Jakob Boyd Pernov, Hélène Angot, Lauriane L. J. Quéléver, Lubna Dada, Benjamin Heutte, Manuel Dall'Osto, David C. S. Beddows, Zoé Brasseur, Ivo Beck, Silvia Bucci, Marina Duetsch, Andreas Stohl, Tiia Laurila, Eija Asmi, Andreas Massling, Daniel Charles Thomas, Jakob Klenø Nøjgaard, Tak Chan, Sangeeta Sharma, Peter Tunved, Radovan Krejci, Hans Christen Hansson, Federico Bianchi, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Alfred Wiedensohler, Kay Weinhold, Markku Kulmala, Tuukka Petäjä, Mikko Sipilä, Julia Schmale, and Tuija Jokinen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 389–415, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-389-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-389-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic is a unique environment that is warming faster than other locations on Earth. We evaluate measurements of aerosol particles, which can influence climate, over the central Arctic Ocean for a full year and compare the data to land-based measurement stations across the Arctic. Our measurements show that the central Arctic has similarities to but also distinct differences from the stations further south. We note that this may change as the Arctic warms and sea ice continues to decline.
Shrivardhan Hulswar, Rafel Simó, Martí Galí, Thomas G. Bell, Arancha Lana, Swaleha Inamdar, Paul R. Halloran, George Manville, and Anoop Sharad Mahajan
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 2963–2987, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2963-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2963-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The third climatological estimation of sea surface dimethyl sulfide (DMS) concentrations based on in situ measurements was created (DMS-Rev3). The update includes a much larger input dataset and includes improvements in the data unification, filtering, and smoothing algorithm. The DMS-Rev3 climatology provides more realistic monthly estimates of DMS, and shows significant regional differences compared to past climatologies.
Sebastian Landwehr, Michele Volpi, F. Alexander Haumann, Charlotte M. Robinson, Iris Thurnherr, Valerio Ferracci, Andrea Baccarini, Jenny Thomas, Irina Gorodetskaya, Christian Tatzelt, Silvia Henning, Rob L. Modini, Heather J. Forrer, Yajuan Lin, Nicolas Cassar, Rafel Simó, Christel Hassler, Alireza Moallemi, Sarah E. Fawcett, Neil Harris, Ruth Airs, Marzieh H. Derkani, Alberto Alberello, Alessandro Toffoli, Gang Chen, Pablo Rodríguez-Ros, Marina Zamanillo, Pau Cortés-Greus, Lei Xue, Conor G. Bolas, Katherine C. Leonard, Fernando Perez-Cruz, David Walton, and Julia Schmale
Earth Syst. Dynam., 12, 1295–1369, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-1295-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-1295-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition surveyed a large number of variables describing the dynamic state of ocean and atmosphere, freshwater cycle, atmospheric chemistry, ocean biogeochemistry, and microbiology in the Southern Ocean. To reduce the dimensionality of the dataset, we apply a sparse principal component analysis and identify temporal patterns from diurnal to seasonal cycles, as well as geographical gradients and
hotspotsof interaction. Code and data are open access.
Dimitrios Bousiotis, Francis D. Pope, David C. S. Beddows, Manuel Dall'Osto, Andreas Massling, Jakob Klenø Nøjgaard, Claus Nordstrøm, Jarkko V. Niemi, Harri Portin, Tuukka Petäjä, Noemi Perez, Andrés Alastuey, Xavier Querol, Giorgos Kouvarakis, Nikos Mihalopoulos, Stergios Vratolis, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Alfred Wiedensohler, Kay Weinhold, Maik Merkel, Thomas Tuch, and Roy M. Harrison
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11905–11925, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11905-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11905-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Formation of new particles is a key process in the atmosphere. New particle formation events arising from nucleation of gaseous precursors have been analysed in extensive datasets from 13 sites in five European countries in terms of frequency, nucleation rate, and particle growth rate, with several common features and many differences identified. Although nucleation frequencies are lower at roadside sites, nucleation rates and particle growth rates are typically higher.
Congbo Song, Manuel Dall'Osto, Angelo Lupi, Mauro Mazzola, Rita Traversi, Silvia Becagli, Stefania Gilardoni, Stergios Vratolis, Karl Espen Yttri, David C. S. Beddows, Julia Schmale, James Brean, Agung Ghani Kramawijaya, Roy M. Harrison, and Zongbo Shi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11317–11335, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11317-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11317-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present a cluster analysis of relatively long-term (2015–2019) aerosol aerodynamic volume size distributions up to 20 μm in the Arctic for the first time. The study found that anthropogenic and natural aerosols comprised 27 % and 73 % of the occurrence of the coarse-mode aerosols, respectively. Our study shows that about two-thirds of the coarse-mode aerosols are related to two sea-spray-related aerosol clusters, indicating that sea spray aerosol may more complex in the Arctic environment.
Dimitrios Bousiotis, James Brean, Francis D. Pope, Manuel Dall'Osto, Xavier Querol, Andrés Alastuey, Noemi Perez, Tuukka Petäjä, Andreas Massling, Jacob Klenø Nøjgaard, Claus Nordstrøm, Giorgos Kouvarakis, Stergios Vratolis, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Jarkko V. Niemi, Harri Portin, Alfred Wiedensohler, Kay Weinhold, Maik Merkel, Thomas Tuch, and Roy M. Harrison
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3345–3370, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3345-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3345-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation events from 16 sites over Europe have been studied, and the influence of meteorological and atmospheric composition variables has been investigated. Some variables, like solar radiation intensity and temperature, have a positive effect on the occurrence of these events, while others have a negative effect, affecting different aspects such as the rate at which particles are formed or grow. This effect varies depending on the site type and magnitude of these variables.
Henrik Skov, Jens Hjorth, Claus Nordstrøm, Bjarne Jensen, Christel Christoffersen, Maria Bech Poulsen, Jesper Baldtzer Liisberg, David Beddows, Manuel Dall'Osto, and Jesper Heile Christensen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 13253–13265, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13253-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13253-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Mercury is toxic in all its forms. It bioaccumulates in food webs, is ubiquitous in the atmosphere, and atmospheric transport is an important source for this element in the Arctic. Measurements of gaseous elemental mercury have been carried out at the Villum Research Station at Station Nord in northern Greenland since 1999. The measurements are compared with model results from the Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model. In this way, the dynamics of mercury are investigated.
Jiyeon Park, Manuel Dall'Osto, Kihong Park, Yeontae Gim, Hyo Jin Kang, Eunho Jang, Ki-Tae Park, Minsu Park, Seong Soo Yum, Jinyoung Jung, Bang Yong Lee, and Young Jun Yoon
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5573–5590, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5573-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5573-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The physical properties of aerosol particles throughout the Arctic Ocean and Pacific Ocean were measured aboard the Korean icebreaker R/V Araon during the summer of 2017. A number of new particle formation (NPF) events and growth were frequently observed in both Arctic terrestrial and Arctic marine air masses. This suggests that terrestrial ecosystems – including river outflows and tundra – strongly affect aerosol emissions in the Arctic coastal areas, affecting
radiative forcing.
Thomas Lachlan-Cope, David C. S. Beddows, Neil Brough, Anna E. Jones, Roy M. Harrison, Angelo Lupi, Young Jun Yoon, Aki Virkkula, and Manuel Dall'Osto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4461–4476, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4461-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4461-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We present a statistical cluster analysis of the physical characteristics of particle size distributions collected at Halley (Antarctica) for the year 2015. Complex interactions between multiple ecosystems, coupled with different atmospheric circulation, result in very different aerosol size distributions populating the Southern Hemisphere.
Stefano Decesari, Marco Paglione, Matteo Rinaldi, Manuel Dall'Osto, Rafel Simó, Nicola Zanca, Francesca Volpi, Maria Cristina Facchini, Thorsten Hoffmann, Sven Götz, Christopher Johannes Kampf, Colin O'Dowd, Darius Ceburnis, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, and Emilio Tagliavini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4193–4207, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4193-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4193-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric aerosols in Antarctica contribute to regulate the delicate budget of cloud formation and precipitations. Besides the well-known biogenic production of sulfur-containing aerosol components such as methanesulfonate (MSA), the assessment of biological sources of organic particles in Antarctica remains an active area of research. Here we present the results of aerosol organic characterization during a research cruise performed in the Weddell Sea and in the Southern Ocean in Jan–Feb 2015.
Sinikka T. Lennartz, Christa A. Marandino, Marc von Hobe, Meinrat O. Andreae, Kazushi Aranami, Elliot Atlas, Max Berkelhammer, Heinz Bingemer, Dennis Booge, Gregory Cutter, Pau Cortes, Stefanie Kremser, Cliff S. Law, Andrew Marriner, Rafel Simó, Birgit Quack, Günther Uher, Huixiang Xie, and Xiaobin Xu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 591–609, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-591-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-591-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Sulfur-containing trace gases in the atmosphere influence atmospheric chemistry and the energy budget of the Earth by forming aerosols. The ocean is an important source of the most abundant sulfur gas in the atmosphere, carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and its most important precursor carbon disulfide (CS2). In order to assess global variability of the sea surface concentrations of both gases to calculate their oceanic emissions, we have compiled a database of existing shipborne measurements.
Hua Yu, Weijun Li, Yangmei Zhang, Peter Tunved, Manuel Dall'Osto, Xiaojing Shen, Junying Sun, Xiaoye Zhang, Jianchao Zhang, and Zongbo Shi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10433–10446, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10433-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10433-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Interaction of anthropogenic particles with radiation and clouds plays an important role in Arctic climate change. The mixing state of different aerosols is a key parameter influencing such interactions. However, little is known of this parameter, preventing an accurate representation of this information in global models. Multi-microscopic techniques were used to find one general core–shell structure in which secondary sulfate particles were covered by organic coating in the Arctic atmosphere.
Ingeborg E. Nielsen, Henrik Skov, Andreas Massling, Axel C. Eriksson, Manuel Dall'Osto, Heikki Junninen, Nina Sarnela, Robert Lange, Sonya Collier, Qi Zhang, Christopher D. Cappa, and Jacob K. Nøjgaard
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10239–10256, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10239-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10239-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of the chemical composition of sub-micrometer aerosols were carried out in northern Greenland during the Arctic haze (February–May) where concentrations are high due to favorable conditions for long-range transport. Sulfate was the dominant aerosol (66 %), followed by organic matter (24 %). The highest black carbon concentrations where observed in February. Source apportionment yielded three factors: a primary factor (12 %), an Arctic haze factor (64 %) and a marine factor (22 %).
Manuel Dall'Osto, David C. S. Beddows, Peter Tunved, Roy M. Harrison, Angelo Lupi, Vito Vitale, Silvia Becagli, Rita Traversi, Ki-Tae Park, Young Jun Yoon, Andreas Massling, Henrik Skov, Robert Lange, Johan Strom, and Radovan Krejci
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7377–7395, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7377-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7377-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present a cluster analysis of particle size distributions simultaneously collected from three European high Arctic sites centred in the Fram Strait during a 3-year period. Confined for longer time periods by consolidated pack sea ice regions, the Greenland site shows lower ultrafine-mode aerosol concentrations during summer relative to the Svalbard sites. Our study supports international environmental cooperation concerning the Arctic region.
Dimitrios Bousiotis, Manuel Dall'Osto, David C. S. Beddows, Francis D. Pope, and Roy M. Harrison
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 5679–5694, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5679-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5679-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation events are identified at three sites in southern England, including a roadside and urban background site within London and a rural regional background site. The conditions favouring new particle formation events are identified and compared between the sites. Although a higher degree of pollution presents a greater condensation sink, it appears to be largely compensated for by faster particle growth rates.
Martí Galí, Maurice Levasseur, Emmanuel Devred, Rafel Simó, and Marcel Babin
Biogeosciences, 15, 3497–3519, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3497-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3497-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a new algorithm to estimate the sea-surface concentration of dimethylsulfide (DMS) using satellite data. DMS is a gas produced by marine plankton that, once emitted to the atmosphere, plays a key climatic role by seeding cloud formation. We used the algorithm to produce global DMS maps and also regional DMS time series. The latter suggest that DMS can vary largely from one year to another, which should be taken into account in atmospheric studies.
Sinikka T. Lennartz, Christa A. Marandino, Marc von Hobe, Pau Cortes, Birgit Quack, Rafel Simo, Dennis Booge, Andrea Pozzer, Tobias Steinhoff, Damian L. Arevalo-Martinez, Corinna Kloss, Astrid Bracher, Rüdiger Röttgers, Elliot Atlas, and Kirstin Krüger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 385–402, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-385-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-385-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We present new sea surface and marine boundary layer measurements of carbonyl sulfide, the most abundant sulfur gas in the atmosphere, and calculate an oceanic emission estimate. Our results imply that oceanic emissions are very unlikely to account for the missing source in the atmospheric budget that is currently discussed for OCS.
Manuel Dall'Osto, David C. S. Beddows, Eoin J. McGillicuddy, Johanna K. Esser-Gietl, Roy M. Harrison, and John C. Wenger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9693–9710, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9693-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9693-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) provides size resolved information on the chemical composition of single particles with high time resolution. Within SAPUSS (Solving Aerosol Problems by Using Synergistic Strategies), continuous measurements of ambient particles were made simultaneously at two urban locations in the city of Barcelona (Spain). We find that organic nitrogen is a considerable fraction of the single particles detected, especially at the traffic-dominated site.
Mariola Brines, Manuel Dall'Osto, Fulvio Amato, María Cruz Minguillón, Angeliki Karanasiou, Andrés Alastuey, and Xavier Querol
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6785–6804, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6785-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6785-2016, 2016
M. Brines, M. Dall'Osto, D. C. S. Beddows, R. M. Harrison, F. Gómez-Moreno, L. Núñez, B. Artíñano, F. Costabile, G. P. Gobbi, F. Salimi, L. Morawska, C. Sioutas, and X. Querol
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 5929–5945, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5929-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5929-2015, 2015
C. Prados-Roman, C. A. Cuevas, T. Hay, R. P. Fernandez, A. S. Mahajan, S.-J. Royer, M. Galí, R. Simó, J. Dachs, K. Großmann, D. E. Kinnison, J.-F. Lamarque, and A. Saiz-Lopez
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 583–593, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-583-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-583-2015, 2015
S. Decesari, J. Allan, C. Plass-Duelmer, B. J. Williams, M. Paglione, M. C. Facchini, C. O'Dowd, R. M. Harrison, J. K. Gietl, H. Coe, L. Giulianelli, G. P. Gobbi, C. Lanconelli, C. Carbone, D. Worsnop, A. T. Lambe, A. T. Ahern, F. Moretti, E. Tagliavini, T. Elste, S. Gilge, Y. Zhang, and M. Dall'Osto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 12109–12132, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12109-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12109-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
We made use of multiple spectrometric techniques for characterizing the aerosol chemical composition and mixing in the Po Valley in the summer.
The oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA) concentrations were correlated with simple tracers for recirculated planetary boundary layer air.
A full internal mixing between black carbon (BC) and the non-refractory aerosol components was never observed. Local sources in the Po Valley were responsible for the production of organic particles unmixed with BC.
M. Brines, M. Dall'Osto, D.C.S. Beddows, R. M. Harrison, and X. Querol
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 2973–2986, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2973-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2973-2014, 2014
J. Bialek, M. Dall Osto, P. Vaattovaara, S. Decesari, J. Ovadnevaite, A. Laaksonen, and C. O'Dowd
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 1557–1570, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1557-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1557-2014, 2014
M. Galí, R. Simó, G. L. Pérez, C. Ruiz-González, H. Sarmento, S.-J. Royer, A. Fuentes-Lema, and J. M. Gasol
Biogeosciences, 10, 7983–7998, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7983-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7983-2013, 2013
M. Dall'Osto, X. Querol, A. Alastuey, M. C. Minguillon, M. Alier, F. Amato, M. Brines, M. Cusack, J. O. Grimalt, A. Karanasiou, T. Moreno, M. Pandolfi, J. Pey, C. Reche, A. Ripoll, R. Tauler, B. L. Van Drooge, M. Viana, R. M. Harrison, J. Gietl, D. Beddows, W. Bloss, C. O'Dowd, D. Ceburnis, G. Martucci, N. L. Ng, D. Worsnop, J. Wenger, E. Mc Gillicuddy, J. Sodeau, R. Healy, F. Lucarelli, S. Nava, J. L. Jimenez, F. Gomez Moreno, B. Artinano, A. S. H. Prévôt, L. Pfaffenberger, S. Frey, F. Wilsenack, D. Casabona, P. Jiménez-Guerrero, D. Gross, and N. Cots
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 8991–9019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8991-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8991-2013, 2013
C. J. O'Brien, J. A. Peloquin, M. Vogt, M. Heinle, N. Gruber, P. Ajani, H. Andruleit, J. Arístegui, L. Beaufort, M. Estrada, D. Karentz, E. Kopczyńska, R. Lee, A. J. Poulton, T. Pritchard, and C. Widdicombe
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 5, 259–276, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-259-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-259-2013, 2013
M. Dall'Osto, J. Ovadnevaite, D. Ceburnis, D. Martin, R. M. Healy, I. P. O'Connor, I. Kourtchev, J. R. Sodeau, J. C. Wenger, and C. O'Dowd
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4997–5015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4997-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4997-2013, 2013
M. Dall'Osto, X. Querol, F. Amato, A. Karanasiou, F. Lucarelli, S. Nava, G. Calzolai, and M. Chiari
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4375–4392, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4375-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4375-2013, 2013
M. Dall'Osto, X. Querol, A. Alastuey, C. O'Dowd, R. M. Harrison, J. Wenger, and F. J. Gómez-Moreno
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 741–759, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-741-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-741-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Organic Biogeochemistry
Contrasting seasonal patterns in particle aggregation and dissolved organic matter transformation in a sub-Arctic fjord
Methods to characterize type, relevance, and interactions of organic matter and microorganisms in fluids along the flow path of a geothermal facility
Microbial strong organic-ligand production is tightly coupled to iron in hydrothermal plumes
Ocean liming effects on dissolved organic matter dynamics
Results from a multi-laboratory ocean metaproteomic intercomparison: effects of LC-MS acquisition and data analysis procedures
Controls on the composition of hydroxylated isoprenoidal glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (isoGDGTs) in cultivated ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota
Reviews and syntheses: Opportunities for robust use of peak intensities from high-resolution mass spectrometry in organic matter studies
Sea ice-associated algae and zooplankton fecal pellets fuel organic particle export in the seasonally ice-covered northwest Labrador Sea
Hydrothermal inputs drive dynamic shifts in microbial communities in Lake Magadi, Kenya Rift Valley
Elemental stoichiometry of particulate organic matter across the Atlantic Ocean
Lipid remodeling in phytoplankton exposed to multi-environmental drivers in a mesocosm experiment
Molecular-level carbon traits of fine roots: unveiling adaptation and decomposition under flooded conditions
Environmental controls on the distribution of brGDGTs and brGMGTs across the Seine River basin (NW France): implications for bacterial tetraethers as a proxy for riverine runoff
Latitudinal distribution of biomarkers across the western Arctic Ocean and the Bering Sea: an approach to assess sympagic and pelagic algal production
Sinking fate and carbon export of zooplankton fecal pellets: insights from time-series sediment trap observations in the northern South China Sea
Low cobalt inventories in the Amundsen and Ross seas driven by high demand for labile cobalt uptake among native phytoplankton communities
Potential bioavailability of representative pyrogenic organic matter compounds in comparison to natural dissolved organic matter pools
Distributions of bacteriohopanepolyols in lakes and coastal lagoons of the Azores Archipelago
Recently fixed carbon fuels microbial activity several meters below the soil surface
Environmental and hydrologic controls on sediment and organic carbon export from a subalpine catchment: insights from a time series
Climate and geology overwrite land use effects on soil organic nitrogen cycling on a continental scale
Compositions of dissolved organic matter in the ice-covered waters above the Aurora hydrothermal vent system, Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean
Organic matter characteristics of a rapidly eroding permafrost cliff in NE Siberia (Lena Delta, Laptev Sea region)
Microbial labilization and diversification of pyrogenic dissolved organic matter
Bacterial and eukaryotic intact polar lipids point to in situ production as a key source of labile organic matter in hadal surface sediment of the Atacama Trench
What can we learn from amino acids about oceanic organic matter cycling and degradation?
Bacteriohopanetetrol-x: constraining its application as a lipid biomarker for marine anammox using the water column oxygen gradient of the Benguela upwelling system
Active and passive fluxes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the northern South China Sea
Cyanobacteria net community production in the Baltic Sea as inferred from profiling pCO2 measurements
Reviews and syntheses: Heterotrophic fixation of inorganic carbon – significant but invisible flux in environmental carbon cycling
Revised fractional abundances and warm-season temperatures substantially improve brGDGT calibrations in lake sediments
Archaeal intact polar lipids in polar waters: a comparison between the Amundsen and Scotia seas
Reproducible determination of dissolved organic matter photosensitivity
Technical note: Uncovering the influence of methodological variations on the extractability of iron-bound organic carbon
Anthropocene climate warming enhances autochthonous carbon cycling in an upland Arctic lake, Disko Island, West Greenland
Novel hydrocarbon-utilizing soil mycobacteria synthesize unique mycocerosic acids at a Sicilian everlasting fire
Alkenone isotopes show evidence of active carbon concentrating mechanisms in coccolithophores as aqueous carbon dioxide concentrations fall below 7 µmol L−1
Seasonal variability and sources of in situ brGDGT production in a permanently stratified African crater lake
Sediment release of dissolved organic matter to the oxygen minimum zone off Peru
Better molecular preservation of organic matter in an oxic than in a sulfidic depositional environment: evidence from Thalassiphora pelagica (Dinoflagellata, Eocene) cysts
Assessing branched tetraether lipids as tracers of soil organic carbon transport through the Carminowe Creek catchment (southwest England)
The nonconservative distribution pattern of organic matter in the Rajang, a tropical river with peatland in its estuary
Predominance of hexamethylated 6-methyl branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers in the Mariana Trench: source and environmental implication
High-pH and anoxic conditions during soil organic matter extraction increases its electron-exchange capacity and ability to stimulate microbial Fe(III) reduction by electron shuttling
Sterol preservation in hypersaline microbial mats
Structural elucidation and environmental distributions of butanetriol and pentanetriol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (BDGTs and PDGTs)
Distribution and degradation of terrestrial organic matter in the sediments of peat-draining rivers, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
Validation of carbon isotope fractionation in algal lipids as a pCO2 proxy using a natural CO2 seep (Shikine Island, Japan)
Composition and cycling of dissolved organic matter from tropical peatlands of coastal Sarawak, Borneo, revealed by fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis
Latitudinal variations in δ30Si and δ15N signatures along the Peruvian shelf: quantifying the effects of nutrient utilization versus denitrification over the past 600 years
Maria G. Digernes, Yasemin V. Bodur, Martí Amargant-Arumí, Oliver Müller, Jeffrey A. Hawkes, Stephen G. Kohler, Ulrike Dietrich, Marit Reigstad, and Maria L. Paulsen
Biogeosciences, 22, 601–623, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-601-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-601-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Dissolved (DOM) and particulate organic matter (POM) are in constant exchange but are usually studied as distinct entities. We investigated the dynamics between POM and DOM in a sub-Arctic fjord across different seasons by conducting bi-monthly aggregation–dissolution experiments. During the productive period, POM concentrations increased in the experiment, and DOM molecules became more recalcitrant. During the winter period, POM concentrations decreased, and DOM molecules became more labile.
Alessio Leins, Danaé Bregnard, Andrea Vieth-Hillebrand, Stefanie Poetz, Florian Eichinger, Guillaume Cailleau, Pilar Junier, and Simona Regenspurg
Biogeosciences, 21, 5457–5479, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5457-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5457-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Organic matter and microbial fluid analysis are rarely considered in the geothermal industry and research. However, they can have a significant impact on the efficiency of geothermal energy production. We found a high diversity of organic compound compositions in our samples and were able to differentiate them with respect to different sources (e.g. artificial and biogenic). Furthermore, the microbial diversity undergoes significant changes within the flow path of a geothermal power plant.
Colleen L. Hoffman, Patrick J. Monreal, Justine B. Albers, Alastair J. M. Lough, Alyson E. Santoro, Travis Mellett, Kristen N. Buck, Alessandro Tagliabue, Maeve C. Lohan, Joseph A. Resing, and Randelle M. Bundy
Biogeosciences, 21, 5233–5246, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5233-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5233-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Hydrothermally derived iron can be transported kilometers away from deep-sea vents, representing a significant flux of vital micronutrients to the ocean. However, the mechanisms that support the stabilization of dissolved iron remain elusive. Using electrochemical, spectrometry, and genomic methods, we demonstrated that strong ligands exert an important control on iron in plumes, and high-affinity iron-binding siderophores were identified in several hydrothermal plume samples for the first time.
Chiara Santinelli, Silvia Valsecchi, Simona Retelletti Brogi, Giancarlo Bachi, Giovanni Checcucci, Mirco Guerrazzi, Elisa Camatti, Stefano Caserini, Arianna Azzellino, and Daniela Basso
Biogeosciences, 21, 5131–5141, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5131-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5131-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean liming is a technique proposed to mitigate ocean acidification. Every action we take has an impact on the environment and the effects on the invisible world are often overlooked. With this study, we show that lime addition impacts the dynamics of dissolved organic matter, one of the largest reservoirs of carbon on Earth, representing the main source of energy for marine microbes. Further studies to assess the impacts on marine ecosystems are therefore crucial before taking any action.
Mak A. Saito, Jaclyn K. Saunders, Matthew R. McIlvin, Erin M. Bertrand, John A. Breier, Margaret Mars Brisbin, Sophie M. Colston, Jaimee R. Compton, Tim J. Griffin, W. Judson Hervey, Robert L. Hettich, Pratik D. Jagtap, Michael Janech, Rod Johnson, Rick Keil, Hugo Kleikamp, Dagmar Leary, Lennart Martens, J. Scott P. McCain, Eli Moore, Subina Mehta, Dawn M. Moran, Jaqui Neibauer, Benjamin A. Neely, Michael V. Jakuba, Jim Johnson, Megan Duffy, Gerhard J. Herndl, Richard Giannone, Ryan Mueller, Brook L. Nunn, Martin Pabst, Samantha Peters, Andrew Rajczewski, Elden Rowland, Brian Searle, Tim Van Den Bossche, Gary J. Vora, Jacob R. Waldbauer, Haiyan Zheng, and Zihao Zhao
Biogeosciences, 21, 4889–4908, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4889-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4889-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The ability to assess the functional capabilities of microbes in the environment is of increasing interest. Metaproteomics, the ability to measure proteins across microbial populations, has been increasing in capability and popularity in recent years. Here, an international team of scientists conducted an intercomparison study using samples collected from the North Atlantic Ocean and observed consistency in the peptides and proteins identified, their functions, and their taxonomic origins.
Devika Varma, Laura Villanueva, Nicole J. Bale, Pierre Offre, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Stefan Schouten
Biogeosciences, 21, 4875–4888, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4875-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4875-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Archaeal hydroxylated tetraether lipids are increasingly used as temperature indicators in marine settings, but the factors influencing their distribution are still unclear. Analyzing membrane lipids of two thaumarchaeotal strains showed that the growth phase of the cultures does not affect the lipid distribution, but growth temperature profoundly affects the degree of cyclization of these lipids. Also, the abundance of these lipids is species-specific and is not influenced by temperature.
William Kew, Allison Myers-Pigg, Christine H. Chang, Sean M. Colby, Josie Eder, Malak M. Tfaily, Jeffrey Hawkes, Rosalie K. Chu, and James C. Stegen
Biogeosciences, 21, 4665–4679, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4665-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4665-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Natural organic matter (NOM) is often studied via Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS), which identifies organic molecules as mass spectra peaks. The intensity of peaks is data that is often discarded due to technical concerns. We review the theory behind these concerns and show they are supported empirically. However, simulations show that ecological analyses of NOM data that include FTMS peak intensities are often valid. This opens a path for robust use of FTMS peak intensities for NOM.
Shao-Min Chen, Thibaud Dezutter, David Cote, Catherine Lalande, Evan Edinger, and Owen A. Sherwood
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3265, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3265, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The origins and composition of sinking organic matter are still understudied for the oceans, especially in ice-covered areas. We use amino acid stable isotopes combined with particle flux and plankton taxonomy to investigate the sources and composition of exported organic matter from a sediment trap derived time-series of sinking particles in the northwest Labrador Sea. We found that sea ice algae and fecal pellets may be important contributors to the sinking fluxes of carbon and nitrogen.
Evan R. Collins, Troy M. Ferland, Isla S. Castañeda, R. Bernhart Owen, Tim K. Lowenstein, Andrew S. Cohen, Robin W. Renaut, Molly D. O'Beirne, and Josef P. Werne
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3006, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3006, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Archaeal molecular fossils (tetraethers) have been used around the globe to track changes in climate. Little is known about archaeal response to environmental change in soda lakes, especially lakes influenced by hydrothermal inputs. For the first time in Lake Magadi, we show tetraethers tracking abrupt changes in methane and non-methane producers due to hydrothermal inputs to the lake. This study provides insight into the role of hydrothermal water sources and methane production in soda lakes.
Adam J. Fagan, Tatsuro Tanioka, Alyse A. Larkin, Jenna A. Lee, Nathan S. Garcia, and Adam C. Martiny
Biogeosciences, 21, 4239–4250, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4239-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4239-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Climate change is anticipated to influence the biological pump by altering phytoplankton nutrient distribution. In our research, we collected measurements of particulate matter concentrations during two oceanographic field studies. We observed systematic variations in organic matter concentrations and ratios across the Atlantic Ocean. From statistical modeling, we determined that these variations are associated with differences in the availability of essential nutrients for phytoplankton growth.
Sebastian I. Cantarero, Edgart Flores, Harry Allbrook, Paulina Aguayo, Cristian A. Vargas, John E. Tamanaha, J. Bentley C. Scholz, Lennart T. Bach, Carolin R. Löscher, Ulf Riebesell, Balaji Rajagopalan, Nadia Dildar, and Julio Sepúlveda
Biogeosciences, 21, 3927–3958, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3927-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3927-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our study explores lipid remodeling in response to environmental stress, specifically how cell membrane chemistry changes. We focus on intact polar lipids in a phytoplankton community exposed to diverse stressors in a mesocosm experiment. The observed remodeling indicates acyl chain recycling for energy storage in intact polar lipids during stress, reallocating resources based on varying growth conditions. This understanding is essential to grasp the system's impact on cellular pools.
Mengke Wang, Peng Zhang, Huishan Li, Guisen Deng, Deliang Kong, Sifang Kong, and Junjian Wang
Biogeosciences, 21, 2691–2704, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2691-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2691-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed and applied complementary analyses to characterize molecular-level carbon traits for water-grown and soil-grown fine roots. The adaptive strategy of developing more labile carbon in water-grown roots accelerated root decomposition and counteracted the decelerated effects of anoxia on decomposition, highlighting an indirect effect of environmental change on belowground carbon cycling.
Zhe-Xuan Zhang, Edith Parlanti, Christelle Anquetil, Jérôme Morelle, Anniet M. Laverman, Alexandre Thibault, Elisa Bou, and Arnaud Huguet
Biogeosciences, 21, 2227–2252, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2227-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2227-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Bacterial tetraethers have important implications for palaeoclimate reconstruction. However, fundamental understanding of how these lipids are transformed from land to sea and which environmental factors influence their distributions is lacking. Here, we investigate the sources of brGDGTs and brGMGTs and the factors controlling their distributions in a large dataset (n=237). We propose a novel proxy (RIX) to trace riverine runoff, which is applicable in modern systems and in paleorecord.
Youcheng Bai, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Jian Ren, Vincent Klein, Haiyan Jin, and Jianfang Chen
Biogeosciences, 21, 689–709, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-689-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-689-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Algal biomarkers were used to assess sea ice and pelagic algal production across the western Arctic Ocean with changing sea-ice conditions. They show three distinct areas along with a marked latitudinal gradient of sea ice over pelagic algal production in surface sediments that are reflected by the H-Print index. Our data also show that efficient grazing consumption accounted for the dramatic decrease of diatom-derived biomarkers in sediments compared to that of particulate matter.
Hanxiao Wang, Zhifei Liu, Jiaying Li, Baozhi Lin, Yulong Zhao, Xiaodong Zhang, Junyuan Cao, Jingwen Zhang, Hongzhe Song, and Wenzhuo Wang
Biogeosciences, 20, 5109–5123, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5109-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5109-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The sinking of zooplankton fecal pellets is a key process in the marine biological carbon pump. This study presents carbon export of four shapes of fecal pellets from two time-series sediment traps in the South China Sea. The results show that the sinking fate of fecal pellets is regulated by marine primary productivity, deep-dwelling zooplankton community, and deep-sea currents in the tropical marginal sea, thus providing a new perspective for exploring the carbon cycle in the world ocean.
Rebecca J. Chmiel, Riss M. Kell, Deepa Rao, Dawn M. Moran, Giacomo R. DiTullio, and Mak A. Saito
Biogeosciences, 20, 3997–4027, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3997-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3997-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Cobalt is an important micronutrient for plankton, yet it is often scarce throughout the oceans. A 2017/2018 expedition to coastal Antarctica, including regions of the Amundsen Sea and the Ross Sea, discovered lower concentrations of cobalt compared to two past expeditions in 2005 and 2006, particularly for the type of cobalt preferred as a nutrient by phytoplankton. This loss may be due to changing inputs of other nutrients, causing higher uptake of cobalt by plankton over the last decade.
Emily B. Graham, Hyun-Seob Song, Samantha Grieger, Vanessa A. Garayburu-Caruso, James C. Stegen, Kevin D. Bladon, and Allison N. Myers-Pigg
Biogeosciences, 20, 3449–3457, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3449-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3449-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Intensifying wildfires are increasing pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) production and its impact on water quality. Recent work indicates that PyOM may have a greater impact on aquatic biogeochemistry than previously assumed, driven by higher bioavailability. We provide a full assessment of the potential bioavailability of PyOM across its chemical spectrum. We indicate that PyOM can be actively transformed within the river corridor and, therefore, may be a growing source of riverine C emissions.
Nora Richter, Ellen C. Hopmans, Danica Mitrović, Pedro M. Raposeiro, Vítor Gonçalves, Ana C. Costa, Linda A. Amaral-Zettler, Laura Villanueva, and Darci Rush
Biogeosciences, 20, 2065–2098, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2065-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2065-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs) are a diverse class of lipids produced by bacteria across a wide range of environments. This study characterizes the diversity of BHPs in lakes and coastal lagoons in the Azores Archipelago, as well as a co-culture enriched for methanotrophs. We highlight the potential of BHPs as taxonomic markers for bacteria associated with certain ecological niches, which can be preserved in sedimentary records.
Andrea Scheibe, Carlos A. Sierra, and Marie Spohn
Biogeosciences, 20, 827–838, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-827-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-827-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We explored carbon cycling in soils in three climate zones in Chile down to a depth of 6 m, using carbon isotopes. Our results show that microbial activity several meters below the soil surface is mostly fueled by recently fixed carbon and that strong decomposition of soil organic matter only occurs in the upper decimeters of the soils. The study shows that different layers of the critical zone are tightly connected and that processes in the deep soil depend on recently fixed carbon.
Melissa Sophia Schwab, Hannah Gies, Chantal Valérie Freymond, Maarten Lupker, Negar Haghipour, and Timothy Ian Eglinton
Biogeosciences, 19, 5591–5616, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5591-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5591-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The majority of river studies focus on headwater or floodplain systems, while often neglecting intermediate river segments. Our study on the subalpine Sihl River bridges the gap between streams and lowlands and demonstrates that moderately steep river segments are areas of significant instream alterations, modulating the export of organic carbon over short distances.
Lisa Noll, Shasha Zhang, Qing Zheng, Yuntao Hu, Florian Hofhansl, and Wolfgang Wanek
Biogeosciences, 19, 5419–5433, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5419-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5419-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Cleavage of proteins to smaller nitrogen compounds allows microorganisms and plants to exploit the largest nitrogen reservoir in soils and is considered the bottleneck in soil organic nitrogen cycling. Results from soils covering a European transect show that protein turnover is constrained by soil geochemistry, shifts in climate and associated alterations in soil weathering and should be considered as a driver of soil nitrogen availability with repercussions on carbon cycle processes.
Muhammed Fatih Sert, Helge Niemann, Eoghan P. Reeves, Mats A. Granskog, Kevin P. Hand, Timo Kekäläinen, Janne Jänis, Pamela E. Rossel, Bénédicte Ferré, Anna Silyakova, and Friederike Gründger
Biogeosciences, 19, 2101–2120, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2101-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2101-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate organic matter composition in the Arctic Ocean water column. We collected seawater samples from sea ice to deep waters at six vertical profiles near an active hydrothermal vent and its plume. In comparison to seawater, we found that the organic matter in waters directly affected by the hydrothermal plume had different chemical composition. We suggest that hydrothermal processes may influence the organic matter distribution in the deep ocean.
Charlotte Haugk, Loeka L. Jongejans, Kai Mangelsdorf, Matthias Fuchs, Olga Ogneva, Juri Palmtag, Gesine Mollenhauer, Paul J. Mann, P. Paul Overduin, Guido Grosse, Tina Sanders, Robyn E. Tuerena, Lutz Schirrmeister, Sebastian Wetterich, Alexander Kizyakov, Cornelia Karger, and Jens Strauss
Biogeosciences, 19, 2079–2094, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2079-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2079-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Buried animal and plant remains (carbon) from the last ice age were freeze-locked in permafrost. At an extremely fast eroding permafrost cliff in the Lena Delta (Siberia), we found this formerly frozen carbon well preserved. Our results show that ongoing degradation releases substantial amounts of this carbon, making it available for future carbon emissions. This mobilisation at the studied cliff and also similarly eroding sites bear the potential to affect rivers and oceans negatively.
Aleksandar I. Goranov, Andrew S. Wozniak, Kyle W. Bostick, Andrew R. Zimmerman, Siddhartha Mitra, and Patrick G. Hatcher
Biogeosciences, 19, 1491–1514, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1491-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1491-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Wildfire-derived molecules are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment, but their biological fate remains understudied. We have evaluated the compositional changes that occur to wildfire-derived molecules after incubation with soil microbes. We observe a significant degradation but also a production of numerous new labile molecules. Our results indicate that wildfire-derived molecules can be broken down and the carbon and nitrogen therein can be incorporated into microbial food webs.
Edgart Flores, Sebastian I. Cantarero, Paula Ruiz-Fernández, Nadia Dildar, Matthias Zabel, Osvaldo Ulloa, and Julio Sepúlveda
Biogeosciences, 19, 1395–1420, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1395-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1395-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we investigate the chemical diversity and abundance of microbial lipids as markers of organic matter sources in the deepest points of the Atacama Trench sediments and compare them to similar lipid stocks in shallower surface sediments and in the overlying water column. We evaluate possible organic matter provenance and some potential chemical adaptations of the in situ microbial community to the extreme conditions of high hydrostatic pressure in hadal realm.
Birgit Gaye, Niko Lahajnar, Natalie Harms, Sophie Anna Luise Paul, Tim Rixen, and Kay-Christian Emeis
Biogeosciences, 19, 807–830, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-807-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-807-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Amino acids were analyzed in a large number of samples of particulate and dissolved organic matter from coastal regions and the open ocean. A statistical analysis produced two new biogeochemical indicators. An indicator of sinking particle and sediment degradation (SDI) traces the degradation of organic matter from the surface waters into the sediments. A second indicator shows the residence time of suspended matter in the ocean (RTI).
Zoë R. van Kemenade, Laura Villanueva, Ellen C. Hopmans, Peter Kraal, Harry J. Witte, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Darci Rush
Biogeosciences, 19, 201–221, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-201-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-201-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an important nitrogen-removal process in the ocean. We assess the distribution of bacteriohopanetetrol-x (BHT-x), used to trace past anammox, along a redox gradient in the water column of the Benguela upwelling system. BHT-x / BHT ratios of >0.18 correspond to the presence of living anammox bacteria and oxygen levels <50 μmol L−1. This allows for a more robust application of BHT-x to trace past marine anammox and deoxygenation in dynamic marine systems.
Jia-Jang Hung, Ching-Han Tung, Zong-Ying Lin, Yuh-ling Lee Chen, Shao-Hung Peng, Yen-Huei Lin, and Li-Shan Tsai
Biogeosciences, 18, 5141–5162, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5141-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5141-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We report measured active and passive fluxes and their controlling mechanisms in the northern South China Sea (NSCS). The total fluxes were higher than most reports in open oceans, indicating the significance of NSCS in atmospheric CO2 uptake and in storing that CO2 in the ocean’s interior. Winter cooling and extreme events enhanced nutrient availability and elevated fluxes. Global warming may have profound impacts on reducing ocean’s uptake and storage of CO2 in subtropical–tropical oceans.
Jens Daniel Müller, Bernd Schneider, Ulf Gräwe, Peer Fietzek, Marcus Bo Wallin, Anna Rutgersson, Norbert Wasmund, Siegfried Krüger, and Gregor Rehder
Biogeosciences, 18, 4889–4917, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4889-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4889-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Based on profiling pCO2 measurements from a field campaign, we quantify the biomass production of a cyanobacteria bloom in the Baltic Sea, the export of which would foster deep water deoxygenation. We further demonstrate how this biomass production can be accurately reconstructed from long-term surface measurements made on cargo vessels in combination with modelled temperature profiles. This approach enables a better understanding of a severe concern for the Baltic’s good environmental status.
Alexander Braun, Marina Spona-Friedl, Maria Avramov, Martin Elsner, Federico Baltar, Thomas Reinthaler, Gerhard J. Herndl, and Christian Griebler
Biogeosciences, 18, 3689–3700, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3689-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3689-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
It is known that CO2 fixation by photoautotrophic organisms is the major sink from the atmosphere. While biologists are aware that CO2 fixation also occurs in heterotrophic organisms, this route of inorganic carbon, and its quantitative role, is hardly recognized in biogeochemistry. We demonstrate that a considerable amount of CO2 is fixed annually through anaplerotic reactions in heterotrophic organisms, and a significant quantity of inorganic carbon is temporally sequestered in biomass.
Jonathan H. Raberg, David J. Harning, Sarah E. Crump, Greg de Wet, Aria Blumm, Sebastian Kopf, Áslaug Geirsdóttir, Gifford H. Miller, and Julio Sepúlveda
Biogeosciences, 18, 3579–3603, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3579-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3579-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
BrGDGT lipids are a proxy for temperature in lake sediments, but other parameters like pH can influence them, and seasonality can affect the temperatures they record. We find a warm-season bias at 43 new high-latitude sites. We also present a new method that deconvolves the effects of temperature, pH, and conductivity and generate global calibrations for these variables. Our study provides new paleoclimate tools, insight into brGDGTs at the biochemical level, and a new method for future study.
Charlotte L. Spencer-Jones, Erin L. McClymont, Nicole J. Bale, Ellen C. Hopmans, Stefan Schouten, Juliane Müller, E. Povl Abrahamsen, Claire Allen, Torsten Bickert, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Elaine Mawbey, Victoria Peck, Aleksandra Svalova, and James A. Smith
Biogeosciences, 18, 3485–3504, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3485-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3485-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term ocean temperature records are needed to fully understand the impact of West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse. Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are powerful tools for reconstructing ocean temperature but can be difficult to apply to the Southern Ocean. Our results show active GDGT synthesis in relatively warm depths of the ocean. This research improves the application of GDGT palaeoceanographic proxies in the Southern Ocean.
Alec W. Armstrong, Leanne Powers, and Michael Gonsior
Biogeosciences, 18, 3367–3390, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3367-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3367-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Living things decay into organic matter, which can dissolve into water (like tea brewing). Tea receives its color by absorbing light. Similarly, this material absorbs light, which can then cause chemical reactions that change it. By measuring changes in these optical properties, we found that materials from some places are more sensitive to light than others. Comparing sensitivity to light helps us understand where these materials come from and what happens as they move through water.
Ben J. Fisher, Johan C. Faust, Oliver W. Moore, Caroline L. Peacock, and Christian März
Biogeosciences, 18, 3409–3419, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3409-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3409-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Organic carbon can be protected from microbial degradation in marine sediments through association with iron minerals on 1000-year timescales. Despite the importance of this carbon sink, our spatial and temporal understanding of iron-bound organic carbon interactions globally is poor. Here we show that caution must be applied when comparing quantification of iron-bound organic carbon extracted by different methods as the extraction strength and method specificity can be highly variable.
Mark A. Stevenson, Suzanne McGowan, Emma J. Pearson, George E. A. Swann, Melanie J. Leng, Vivienne J. Jones, Joseph J. Bailey, Xianyu Huang, and Erika Whiteford
Biogeosciences, 18, 2465–2485, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2465-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2465-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We link detailed stable isotope and biomarker analyses from the catchments of three Arctic upland lakes on Disko Island (West Greenland) to a recent dated sediment core to understand how carbon cycling has changed over the past ~500 years. We find that the carbon deposited in sediments in these upland lakes is predominately sourced from in-lake production due to the catchment's limited terrestrial vegetation and elevation and that recent increases in algal production link with climate change.
Nadine T. Smit, Laura Villanueva, Darci Rush, Fausto Grassa, Caitlyn R. Witkowski, Mira Holzheimer, Adriaan J. Minnaard, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Stefan Schouten
Biogeosciences, 18, 1463–1479, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1463-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1463-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Soils from an everlasting fire (gas seep) in Sicily, Italy, reveal high relative abundances of novel uncultivated mycobacteria and unique 13C-depleted mycocerosic acids (multi-methyl branched fatty acids) close to the main gas seep. Our results imply that mycocerosic acids in combination with their depleted δ13C values offer a new biomarker tool to study the role of soil mycobacteria as hydrocarbon consumers in the modern and past global carbon cycle.
Marcus P. S. Badger
Biogeosciences, 18, 1149–1160, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1149-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1149-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Reconstructing ancient atmospheric CO2 is an important aim of palaeoclimate science in order to understand the Earth's climate system. One method, the alkenone proxy based on molecular fossils of coccolithophores, has been recently shown to be ineffective at low-to-moderate CO2 levels. In this paper I show that this is likely due to changes in the biogeochemistry of the coccolithophores when there is low carbon availability, but for much of the Cenozoic the alkenone proxy should have utility.
Loes G. J. van Bree, Francien Peterse, Allix J. Baxter, Wannes De Crop, Sigrid van Grinsven, Laura Villanueva, Dirk Verschuren, and Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté
Biogeosciences, 17, 5443–5463, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5443-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5443-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) are used as a paleothermometer based on their temperature dependence in global soils, but aquatic production complicates their use in lakes. BrGDGTs in the water column of Lake Chala, East Africa, respond to oxygen conditions and mixing. Changes in their signal can be linked to bacterial community composition rather than membrane adaptation to changing conditions. Their integrated signal in the sediment reflects mean air temperature.
Alexandra N. Loginova, Andrew W. Dale, Frédéric A. C. Le Moigne, Sören Thomsen, Stefan Sommer, David Clemens, Klaus Wallmann, and Anja Engel
Biogeosciences, 17, 4663–4679, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4663-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4663-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We measured dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (DON) and matter (DOM) optical properties in pore waters and near-bottom waters of the eastern tropical South Pacific off Peru. The difference between diffusion-driven and net fluxes of DOC and DON and qualitative changes in DOM optical properties suggested active microbial utilisation of the released DOM at the sediment–water interface. Our results suggest that the sediment release of DOM contributes to microbial processes in the area.
Gerard J. M. Versteegh, Alexander J. P. Houben, and Karin A. F. Zonneveld
Biogeosciences, 17, 3545–3561, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3545-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3545-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Anoxic sediments mostly contain much more organic matter than oxic ones, and therefore organic matter in anoxic settings is often considered to be preserved better than in oxic settings. However, through the analysis of the same fossil dinoflagellate cyst species from both oxic and anoxic settings, we show that at a molecular level the preservation in the oxic sediments may be better since in the anoxic setting the cyst macromolecule has been altered by postdepositional modification.
Jingjing Guo, Miriam Glendell, Jeroen Meersmans, Frédérique Kirkels, Jack J. Middelburg, and Francien Peterse
Biogeosciences, 17, 3183–3201, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3183-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3183-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The fluxes of soil organic carbon (OC) transport from land to sea are poorly constrained, mostly due to the lack of a specific tracer for soil OC. Here we evaluate the use of specific molecules derived from soil bacteria as a tracer for soil OC in a small river catchment. We find that the initial soil signal is lost upon entering the aquatic environment. However, the local environmental history of the catchment is reflected by these molecules in the lake sediments that act as their sink.
Zhuo-Yi Zhu, Joanne Oakes, Bradley Eyre, Youyou Hao, Edwin Sien Aun Sia, Shan Jiang, Moritz Müller, and Jing Zhang
Biogeosciences, 17, 2473–2485, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2473-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2473-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Samples were collected in August 2016 in the Rajang River and its estuary, with tropical forest in the river basin and peatland in the estuary. Organic matter composition was influenced by transportation in the river basin, whereas peatland added clear biodegraded parts to the fluvial organic matter, which implies modification of the initial lability and/or starting points in the subsequent degradation and alternation processes after the organic matter enters the sea.
Wenjie Xiao, Yasong Wang, Yongsheng Liu, Xi Zhang, Linlin Shi, and Yunping Xu
Biogeosciences, 17, 2135–2148, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2135-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2135-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The hadal zone (6–11 km depth) is the least explored habitat on Earth. We studied microbial branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) in the Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench. One unique feature is the strong predominance of 6-methyl brGDGT, which likely reflects an adaption of brGDGT-producing bacteria to alkaline seawater and low temperature. BrGDGTs, with elemental and isotopic data, suggest an autochthonous product for brGDGT. A new approach is proposed for brGDGT sourcing.
Yuge Bai, Edisson Subdiaga, Stefan B. Haderlein, Heike Knicker, and Andreas Kappler
Biogeosciences, 17, 683–698, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-683-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-683-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Biogeochemical processes of SOM are key for greenhouse gas emission and water quality. We extracted SOM by water or by NaOH–HCl under oxic–anoxic conditions. Chemical and anoxic extractions lead to higher SOM electron exchange capacities, resulting in stimulation of microbial Fe(III) reduction. Therefore, aqueous pH-neutral SOM extracts should be used to reflect environmental SOM redox processes, and artifacts of chemical extractions need to be considered when evaluating SOM redox processes.
Yan Shen, Volker Thiel, Pablo Suarez-Gonzalez, Sebastiaan W. Rampen, and Joachim Reitner
Biogeosciences, 17, 649–666, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-649-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-649-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Today, sterols are widespread in plants, animals, and fungi but are almost absent in the oldest rocks. Microbial mats, representing the earliest complex ecosystems on Earth, were omnipresent in Precambrian marine environments and may have degraded the sterols at that time. Here we analyze the distribution of sterols through a microbial mat. This provides insight into how variations in biological and nonbiological factors affect the preservation of sterols in modern and ancient microbial mats.
Sarah Coffinet, Travis B. Meador, Lukas Mühlena, Kevin W. Becker, Jan Schröder, Qing-Zeng Zhu, Julius S. Lipp, Verena B. Heuer, Matthew P. Crump, and Kai-Uwe Hinrichs
Biogeosciences, 17, 317–330, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-317-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-317-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study deals with two membrane lipids called BDGTs and PDGTs. Membrane lipids are molecules forming the cell envelope of all organisms. Different organisms produce different lipids thus they can be used to detect the presence of specific organisms in the environment. We analyzed the structure of these new lipids and looked for potential producers. We found that they are likely made by microbes emitting methane below the sediment surface and could be used to track these specific microbes.
Ying Wu, Kun Zhu, Jing Zhang, Moritz Müller, Shan Jiang, Aazani Mujahid, Mohd Fakharuddin Muhamad, and Edwin Sien Aun Sia
Biogeosciences, 16, 4517–4533, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4517-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4517-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Our understanding of terrestrial organic matter (TOM) in tropical peat-draining rivers remains limited, especially in Southeast Asia. We explored the characteristics of TOM via bulk parameters and lignin phenols of sediment in Malaysia. This showed that the most important plant source of the organic matter in these rivers is woody angiosperm C3 plants with limited diagenetic alteration. This slower degradation of TOM may be a link to higher total nitrogen content, especially for the small river.
Caitlyn R. Witkowski, Sylvain Agostini, Ben P. Harvey, Marcel T. J. van der Meer, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Stefan Schouten
Biogeosciences, 16, 4451–4461, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4451-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4451-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon dioxide concentrations (pCO2) in the atmosphere play an integral role in Earth system dynamics, especially climate. Past climates help us understand future ones, but reconstructing pCO2 over the geologic record remains a challenge. This research demonstrates new approaches for exploring past pCO2 via the carbon isotope fractionation in general algal lipids, which we test over a high CO2 gradient from a naturally occurring CO2 seep.
Yongli Zhou, Patrick Martin, and Moritz Müller
Biogeosciences, 16, 2733–2749, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2733-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2733-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We found that peatlands in coastal Sarawak, Borneo, export extremely humified organic matter, which dominates the riverine organic matter pool and conservatively mixes with seawater, while the freshly produced fraction is low and stable in concentration at all salinities. We estimated that terrigenous fractions, which showed high photolability, still account for 20 % of the coastal dissolved organic carbon pool, implying the importance of peat-derived organic matter in the coastal carbon cycle.
Kristin Doering, Claudia Ehlert, Philippe Martinez, Martin Frank, and Ralph Schneider
Biogeosciences, 16, 2163–2180, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2163-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2163-2019, 2019
Cited articles
Agawin, N. S. R., Duarte, C. M., and Agustí, S.: Nutrient and
temperature control of the contribution of picoplankton to phytoplankton
biomass and production, Limnol. Oceanogr., 45, 591–600, 2000.
Agustí, S. and Llabrés, M.: Solar Radiation-induced Mortality of
Marine Pico-phytoplankton in the Oligotrophic Ocean, Photochem. Photobiol.,
83, 793–801, 2007.
Alldredge, A. L., Cole, J. J., and Caron, D. A.: Production of heterotrophic
Inc. bacteria inhabiting macroscopic organic aggregates (marine snow) from
surface waters, Limnol. Oceanogr., 31 68–78, 1986.
Alldredge, A. L., Passow, U., and Logan, B. E.: The abundance and
significance of a class of large, transparent organic particles in the ocean,
Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 40, 1131–1140, 1993.
Alldredge, A. L., Passow, U., and Haddock, S. H. D.: The characteristics and
transparent exopolymer particle (TEP) content of marine snow formed from
thecate dinoflagellates, J. Plankton Res., 20, 393–406, 1998.
Aller, J. Y., Kuznetsova, M. R., Jahns, C. J., and Kemp, P. F.: The sea
surface microlayer as a source of viral and bacterial enrichment in marine
aerosols, J. Aerosol Sci., 36, 801–812, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2004.10.012,
2005.
Aller, J. Y., Radway, J. C., Kilthau, W. P., Bothe, D. W., Wilson, T. W.,
Vaillancourt, R. D., Quinn, P. K., Coffman, D. J., Murray, B. J., and Knopf,
D. A.: Size-resolved characterization of the polysaccharidic and
proteinaceous components of sea spray aerosol, Atmos. Environ., 154,
331–347, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.01.053, 2017.
Azam, F. and Malfatti, F.: Microbial structuring of marine ecosystems, Nat.
Rev. Microbiol., 5, 782–791, https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro1747, 2007.
Azetsu-Scott, K. and Passow, U.: Ascending marine particles: Significance of
transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in the upper ocean, Limnol. Oceanogr.,
49, 741–748, 2004.
Bar-Zeev, E. and Rahav, E.: Microbial metabolism of transparent exopolymer
particles during the summer months along a eutrophic estuary system, Front.
Microbiol., 6, 403, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00403, 2015.
Bar-Zeev, E., Berman-Frank, I., Stambler, N., Vázquez Domínguez, E.,
Zohary, T., Capuzzo, E., Meeder, E., Suggett, D. J., Iluz, D., Dishon, G.,
and Berman, T.: Transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) link phytoplankton and
bacterial production in the Gulf of Aqaba, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 56,
217–225, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01322, 2009.
Bar-Zeev, E., Berman, T., Rahav, E., Dishon, G., Herut, B., and Berman-Frank,
I.: Transparent exopolymer particle (TEP) dynamics in the eastern
Mediterranean Sea, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 431, 107–118,
https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09110, 2011.
Beauvais, C., Pedrotti, M. L., Egge, J., Iversen, K., and Marrasé, C.:
Effects of turbulence on TEP dynamics under contrasting nutrient conditions:
implications for aggregation and sedimentation processes, Mar. Ecol.-Prog.
Ser., 323, 47–57, 2006.
Berman-Frank, I., Rosenberg, G., Levitan, O., Haramaty, L., and Mari, X.:
Coupling between autocatalytic cell death and transparent exopolymeric
particle production in the marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium, Environ.
Microbiol., 9, 1415–1422, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01257.x, 2007.
Bhaskar, P. V. and Bhosle, N. B.: Dynamics of transparent exopolymeric
particles (TEP) and particle-associated carbohydrates in the Dona Paula bay,
west coast of India, J. Earth Syst. Sci., 115, 403–413,
https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02702869, 2006.
Biddanda, B. and Benner, R.: Carbon, nitrogen, and carbohydrate fluxes during
the production of particulate and dissolved organic matter by marine
phytoplankton, Limnol. Oceanogr., 42, 506–518, 1997.
Biddanda, B. A.: Structure and function of marine microbial aggregates,
Oceanol. Acta, 9, 209–211, 1986.
Borchard, C. and Engel, A.: Size-fractionated dissolved primary production
and carbohydrate composition of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi,
Biogeosciences, 12, 1271–1284, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1271-2015,
2015.
Burd, A. B. and Jackson, G. A.: Particle aggregation, Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci.,
1, 65–90, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163904, 2009.
Calleja, M. Ll., Duarte, C. M., Prairie, Y. T., Agustí, S., and Herndl,
G. J.: Evidence for surface organic matter modulation of air-sea CO2
gas exchange, Biogeosciences, 6, 1105–1114, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-1105-2009,
2009.
Cassar, N., Wright, S. W., Thomson, P. G., Trull, T. W., Westwood, K. J., de
Salas, M., Davidson, A., Pearce, I., Davies, D. M., and Matear, R. J.: The
relation of mixed-layer net community production to phytoplankton community
composition in the Southern Ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 29, 446–462,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2014gb004936, 2015.
Chin, W.-C., Orellana, M. V., and Verdugo, P.: Spontaneous assembly of marine
dissolved organic matter into polymer gels, Nature, 391, 568–572, 1998.
Cisternas-Novoa, C., Lee, C., and Engel, A.: Transparent exopolymer particles
(TEP) and Coomassie stainable particles (CSP): Differences between their
origin and vertical distributions in the ocean, Mar. Chem., 175, 56–71,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2015.03.009, 2015.
Claquin, P., Probert, I., Lefebvre, S., and Veron, B.: Effects of temperature
on photosynthetic parameters and TEP production in eight species of marine
microalgae, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 51, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01187, 2008.
Corzo, A., Morillo, J. A., and Rodríguez, S.: Production of transparent
exopolymer particles (TEP) in cultures of Chaetoceros calcitrans under
nitrogen limitation, Aquatic Microb. Ecol., 23, 63–72,
https://doi.org/10.3354/ame023063, 2000.
Corzo, A., Rodríguez-Gálvez, S., Lubian, L., Sangrá, P.,
Martínez, A., and Morillo, J. A.: Spatial distribution of transparent
exopolymer particles in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica, J. Plankton Res.,
27, 635–646, https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbi038, 2005.
Cunliffe, M., Engel, A., Frka, S., Gašparović, B., Guitart, C.,
Murrell, J. C., Salter, M., Stolle, C., Upstill-Goddard, R., and Wurl, O.:
Sea surface microlayers: A unified physicochemical and biological perspective
of the air–ocean interface, Prog. Oceanogr., 109, 104–116,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2012.08.004, 2013.
Decho, A. W. and Moriarty, D. J. W.: Bacterial exopolymer utilization by a
harpacticoid copepod: A methodology and results, Limnol. Oceanogr., 35,
1039–1049, 1990.
Deng, W., Cruz, B. N., and Neuer, S.: Effects of nutrient limitation on cell
growth, TEP production and aggregate formation of marine Synechococcus,
Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 78, 39–49, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01803, 2016.
de Vicente, I., Ortega-Retuerta, E., Mazuecos, I. P., Pace, M. L., Cole, J.
J., and Reche, I.: Variation in transparent exopolymer particles in relation
to biological and chemical factors in two contrasting lake districts, Aquat.
Sci., 72, 443–453, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-010-0147-6, 2010.
Dilling, L., Wilson, J., Steinberg, D., and Alldredge, A. L.: Feeding by the
euphasiid Euphasia pacifica and the copepod Calanus pacificus on marine snow, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 170, 189–201, 1998.
Ding, Y.-X., Chin, W.-C., Rodriguez, A., Hung, C.-C., Santschi, P. H., and
Verdugo, P.: Amphiphilic exopolymers from Sagittula stellata induce DOM
self-assembly and formation of marine microgels, Mar. Chem., 112, 11–19,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2008.05.003, 2008.
Dreshchinskii, A. and Engel, A.: Seasonal variations of the sea surface
microlayer at the Boknis Eck Times Series Station (Baltic Sea), J. Plankton
Res., 39, 943–961, https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbx055, 2017.
Ducklow, H.: Bacterial production and biomass in the oceans, in: Microbial
Ecology of the Oceans, edited by: Kirchman, D. L., Wiley, New York,
2000.
Engel, A.: The role of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in the increase
in apparent particle stickiness (α) during the decline of a diatom
bloom, J. Plankton Res., 22, 485–497, 2000.
Engel, A.: Direct relationship between CO2 uptake and transparent
exopolymer particles production in natural phytoplankton, J. Plankton Res.,
24, 49–53, 2002.
Engel, A.: Distribution of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in the
northeast Atlantic Ocean and their potential significance for aggregation
processes, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 51, 83–92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2003.09.001,
2004.
Engel, A. and Galgani, L.: The organic sea-surface microlayer in the
upwelling region off the coast of Peru and potential implications for
air–sea exchange processes, Biogeosciences, 13, 989–1007,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-989-2016, 2016.
Engel, A. and Passow, U.: Carbon and nitrogen content of transparent
exopolymer particles (TEP) in relation to their Alcian Blue adsorption, Mar.
Ecol. Prog. Ser., 219, 1–10, 2001.
Engel, A., Goldthwait, S., Passow, U., and Alldredge, A. L.: Temporal
decoupling of carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a mesocosm diatom bloom,
Limnol. Oceanogr., 47, 753–761, 2002a.
Engel, A., Meyerhöfer, M., and von Bröckel, K.: Chemical and
Biological Composition of Suspended Particles and Aggregates in the Baltic
Sea in Summer (1999), Estuar. Coast. Shelf S., 55, 729–741,
https://doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2001.0927, 2002b.
Engel, A., Piontek, J., Metfies, K., Endres, S., Sprong, P., Peeken, I.,
Gabler-Schwarz, S., and Nothig, E. M.: Inter-annual variability of
transparent exopolymer particles in the Arctic Ocean reveals high sensitivity
to ecosystem changes, Sci. Rep., 7, 4129, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04106-9,
2017.
Fukao, T., Kitahara, S., Karino, N., Yamatogi, T., Kimoto, K., and Kotani,
Y.: Dynamics of transparent exopolymer particles in spring and autumn in
Isahaya Bay, Japan, Nippon Suisan Gakk., 77, 1027–1033, 2011.
García, C. M., Prieto, L., Vargas, M., Echevarría, F.,
García-Lafuente, J., Ruiz, J., and Rubín, J. P.: Hydrodynamics and
the spatial distribution of plankton and TEP in the Gulf of Cádiz (SW
Iberian Peninsula), J. Plankton Res., 24, 817–833, 2002.
Gärdes, A., Iversen, M. H., Grossart, H. P., Passow, U., and Ullrich, M.
S.: Diatom-associated bacteria are required for aggregation of Thalassiosira
weissflogii, ISME J., 5, 436–445, https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2010.145, 2011.
Gasol, J. M. and Morán, X. A. G.: Effects of filtration on bacterial
activity and picoplankton community structure as assessed by flow cytometry,
Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 16, 251–264, 1999.
Gordon, A.: Brazil–Malvinas Conlluence – 1984, Deep-Sea Res., 36, 359–384,
1989.
Grossart, H. P., Berman, T., Simon, M., and Pohlmann, K.: Occurrence and
microbial dynamics of macroscopic organic aggregates (lake snow) in Lake
Kinneret, Israel, in fall, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 14, 59–67,
https://doi.org/10.3354/ame014059, 1998.
Grossart, H. P., Czub, G., and Simon, M.: Algae-bacteria interactions and
their effects on aggregation and organic matter flux in the sea, Environ.
Microbiol., 8, 1074–1084, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.00999.x, 2006.
Guerrini, F., Mazzotti, A., Boni, L., and Pistocchi, R.: Bacterial–algal
interactions in polysaccharide production, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 15, 247-253,
1998.
Hansen, H. P. and Grasshoff, K.: Procedures for the automated determination
of seawater constituents, in: Methods of seawater analysis, 2nd Edn., Verlag
Chemie, Weinheim, 362–379, 1983.
Harlay, J., De Bodt, C., Engel, A., Jansen, S., d'Hoop, Q., Piontek, J., Van
Oostende, N., Groom, S., Sabbe, K., and Chou, L.: Abundance and size
distribution of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in a coccolithophorid
bloom in the northern Bay of Biscay, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 56, 1251–1265,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2009.01.014, 2009.
Harlay, J., Borges, A. V., Van Der Zee, C., Delille, B., Godoi, R. H. M.,
Schiettecatte, L. S., Roevros, N., Aerts, K., Lapernat, P. E., Rebreanu, L.,
Groom, S., Daro, M. H., Van Grieken, R., and Chou, L.: Biogeochemical study
of a coccolithophore bloom in the northern Bay of Biscay (NE Atlantic Ocean)
in June 2004, Prog. Oceanogr., 86, 317–336,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2010.04.029, 2010.
Heinonen, K. B., Ward, J. E., and Holohan, B. A.: Production of transparent
exopolymer particles (TEP) by benthic suspension feeders in coastal systems,
J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 341, 184–195, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.09.019,
2007.
Hong, Y., Smith, W. O., and White, A.-M.: Studies of transparent exopolymer
particles (TEP) produced in the Ross Sea (Antarctica) and by Phaeocytis
antarctica (Prymnesiophyceae), J. Phycol., 33, 368–376, 1997.
Iuculano, F., Duarte, C. M., Marbà, N., and Agustí, S.: Seagrass as
major source of transparent exopolymer particles in the oligotrophic
Mediterranean coast, Biogeosciences, 14, 5069–5075,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5069-2017, 2017a.
Iuculano, F., Mazuecos, I. P., Reche, I., and Agusti, S.: Prochlorococcus as
a Possible Source for Transparent Exopolymer Particles (TEP), Front
Microbiol., 8, 709, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00709, 2017b.
Jähmlich, S., Thomsen, L., and Graf, G.: Factors controlling aggregate
formation in the benthic boundary layer of the Mecklenburg Bight (western
Baltic Sea), J. Sea Res., 41, 245–254, 1998.
Jennings, M. K., Passow, U., Wozniak, A. S., and Hansell, D. A.: Distribution
of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) across an organic carbon gradient
in the western North Atlantic Ocean, Mar. Chem., 190, 1–12,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2017.01.002, 2017.
Kiorboe, T., Hansen, J. L. S., Alldredge, A. L., Jackson, G. A., Passow, U.,
Dam, H. G., Drapeau, D. T., Waite, A., and Garcia, C. M.: Sedimentation of
phytoplankton during a diatom bloom: Rates and mechanisms, Journal of Marine
Science, 54, 1123–1148, 1996.
Klein, C., Claquin, P., Pannard, A., Napoléon, C., Le Roy, B., and
Véron, B.: Dynamics of soluble extracellular polymeric-substances and
transparent exopolymer particle pools in coastal ecosystems, Mar. Ecol.-Prog.
Ser., 427, 13–27, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09049, 2011.
Kodama, T., Kurogi, H., Okazaki, M., Jinbo, T., Chow, S., Tomoda, T.,
Ichikawa, T., and Watanabe, T.: Vertical distribution of transparent
exopolymer particle (TEP) concentration in the oligotrophic western tropical
North Pacific, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 513, 29–37, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10954,
2014.
Kozlowski, W. and Vernet, M.: Palmer LTER: Predominance of cryptomonads and
diatoms in antarctic coastal waters, Antarct. J. US, 30, 267–268, 1995.
Kozlowski, W. A., Deutschman, D., Garibotti, I., Trees, C., and Vernet, M.:
An evaluation of the application of CHEMTAX to Antarctic coastal pigment
data, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 58, 350–364, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2011.01.008, 2011.
Kumar, M. D., Sarma, V. V. S. S., Ramaiah, N., Gauns, M., and de Sousa, S.
N.: Biogeochemical significance of transport exopolymer particles in the
Indian Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 81–84, https://doi.org/10.1029/97gl03481, 1998.
Kuznetsova, M., Lee, C., and Aller, J.: Characterization of the proteinaceous
matter in marine aerosols, Mar. Chem., 96, 359–377,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2005.03.007, 2005.
Lebaron, P., Servais, P., Agogue, H., Courties, C., and Joux, F.: Does the
high nucleic acid content of individual bacterial cells allow us to
discriminate between active cells and inactive cells in aquatic systems?,
Appl. Environ. Microb., 67, 1775–1782, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.4.1775-1782.2001,
2001.
Leblanc, K., Hare, C. E., Feng, Y., Berg, G. M., DiTullio, G. R., Neeley, A.,
Benner, I., Sprengel, C., Beck, A., Sanudo-Wilhelmy, S. A., Passow, U.,
Klinck, K., Rowe, J. M., Wilhelm, S. W., Brown, C. W., and Hutchins, D. A.:
Distribution of calcifying and silicifying phytoplankton in relation to
environmental and biogeochemical parameters during the late stages of the
2005 North East Atlantic Spring Bloom, Biogeosciences, 6, 2155–2179,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-2155-2009, 2009.
Leck, C., Gao, Q., Mashayekhy Rad, F., and Nilsson, U.: Size-resolved
atmospheric particulate polysaccharides in the high summer Arctic, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 13, 12573–12588, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-12573-2013,
2013.
Ling, S. and Alldredge, A. L.: Does the marine copepod Calanus pacificus
consume transparent exopolymer particles (TEP)?, J. Plankton Res., 25,
507–515, 2003.
Logan, B. E., Passow, U., Alldredge, A. L., Grossart, H. P., and Simon, M.:
Rapid formation and sedimentation of large aggregates is predictable from
coagulation rates (half-lives) of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP),
Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 42, 203–214, 1995.
Long, R. A. and Azam, F.: Abundant protein-containing particles in the sea,
Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 10, 213–221, 1996.
Longhurst, A. R.: Ecological Geography of the Sea, 2nd Edn., Academic Press,
San Diego, 402 pp., 1998.
López-Sandoval, D. C., Fernández, A., and Marañón, E.:
Dissolved and particulate primary production along a longitudinal gradient in
the Mediterranean Sea, Biogeosciences, 8, 815–825,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-815-2011, 2011.
Mari, X. and Kiorboe, T.: Abundance, size distribution and bacterial
colonization of transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) during spring in the
Kattegat, J. Plankton Res., 18, 969–986, 1996.
Mari, X., Rassoulzadegan, F., Brussaard, C. P. D., and Wassmann, P.: Dynamics
of transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) production by Phaeocystis globosa
under N- or P-limitation: a controlling factor of the retention/export
balance, Harmful Algae, 4, 895–914, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2004.12.014, 2005.
Mari, X., Passow, U., Migon, C., Burd, A. B., and Legendre, L.: Transparent
exopolymer particles: Effects on carbon cycling in the ocean, Prog.
Oceanogr., 151, 13–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2016.11.002, 2017.
Mazuecos, I. P.: Exopolymer particles in the ocean: in the ocean: Production
by microorganisms, carbon export and by microorganisms, carbon export and
ation mesopelagic respiration, PhD thesis, University of Granada, Spain,
281 pp., 2015.
Menden-Deuer, S. and Lessard, E. J.: Carbon to volume relationships for
dinoflagellates, diatoms, and other protist plankton, Limnol. Oceanogr., 45,
569–579, 2000.
Myklestad, S.: Production of carbohydrates by marine planktonic diatoms, J.
Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 29, 161–179, 1977.
Nagata, T.: Production mechanisms of dissolved organic matter, in: Microbial
Ecology of the Oceans, edited by: Kirchman, D. L., Wiley-Liss Inc., New York,
121–152, 2000.
Nicolaus, B., Panico, A., Lama, L., Romano, I., Manca, M. C., De Giulio, A.,
and Gambacorta, A.: Chemical composition and production of exopolysaccharides
from representative members of heterocystous and non-heterocystous
cyanobacteria, Phytochemistry, 52, 639–647, 1999.
Norland, S.: The relationship between biomass and volume of bacteria, in:
Handbook of methods in aquatic microbial ecology, edited by: Kemp, P. F.,
Sherr, B. F., Sherr, E. B., and Cole, J. J., Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton,
303–307, 1993.
Olson, R. J., Zettler, E. R., and DuRand, M. D.: Phytoplankton analysis using
flow cytometry, in: Handbook of Methods in Aquatic Microbial Ecology, edited
by: Kemp, P. F., Sherr, B. F., Sherr, E. B., and Cole, J. J., Lewis
Publishers, Boca Raton, 1993.
Orellana, M. V. and Verdugo, P.: Ultraviolet radiation blocks the organic
carbon exchange between the dissolved phase and the gel phase in the ocean,
Limnol. Oceanogr., 48, 1618–1623, 2003.
Orellana, M. V., Matrai, P. A., Leck, C., Rauschenberg, C. D., Lee, A. M.,
and Coz, E.: Marine microgels as a source of cloud condensation nuclei in the
high Arctic, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 13612–13617,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1102457108, 2011.
Ortega-Retuerta, E., Passow, U., Duarte, C. M., and Reche, I.: Effects of
ultraviolet B radiation on (not so) transparent exopolymer particles,
Biogeosciences, 6, 3071–3080, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-3071-2009, 2009a.
Ortega-Retuerta, E., Reche, I., Pulido-Villena, E., Agustí, S., and
Duarte, C. M.: Uncoupled distributions of transparent exopolymer particles
(TEP) and dissolved carbohydrates in the Southern Ocean, Mar. Chem., 115,
59–65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2009.06.004, 2009b.
Ortega-Retuerta, E., Duarte, C. M., and Reche, I.: Significance of bacterial
activity for the distribution and dynamics of transparent exopolymer
particles in the Mediterranean sea, Microb. Ecol., 59, 808–818,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-010-9640-7, 2010.
Ortega-Retuerta, E., Sala, M. M., Borrull, E., Mestre, M., Aparicio, F. L.,
Gallisai, R., Antequera, C., Marrase, C., Peters, F., Simo, R., and Gasol, J.
M.: Horizontal and Vertical Distributions of Transparent Exopolymer Particles
(TEP) in the NW Mediterranean Sea Are Linked to Chlorophyll a and O2
Variability, Front. Microbiol., 7, 2159, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.02159, 2017.
Ortega-Retuerta, E., Marrase, C., Munoz-Fernandez, A., Sala, M. M., Simo, R.,
and Gasol, J. M.: Seasonal dynamics of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP)
and their drivers in the coastal NW Mediterranean Sea, Sci. Total Environ.,
631–632, 180–190, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.341, 2018.
Palma, E. D., Matano, R. P., and Piola, A. R.: A numerical study of the
Southwestern Atlantic Shelf circulation: Stratified ocean response to local
and offshore forcing, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C11010,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jc004720, 2008.
Parinos, C., Gogou, A., Krasakopoulou, E., Lagaria, A., Giannakourou, A.,
Karageorgis, A. P., and Psarra, S.: Transparent Exopolymer Particles (TEP) in
the NE Aegean Sea frontal area: Seasonal dynamics under the influence of
Black Sea water, Cont. Shelf Res., 149, 112–123,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2017.03.012, 2017.
Partensky, F., Hess, W. R., and Vaulot, D.: Prochlorococcus, a Marine
Photosynthetic Prokaryote of Global Significance, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. R.,
63, 106–137, 1999.
Passow, U.: Formation of transparent exopolymer particles, TEP, from
dissolved precursor material, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 192, 1–11, 2000.
Passow, U.: Transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in aquatic environments,
Prog. Oceanogr., 55, 287–333, 2002a.
Passow, U.: Production of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) by phyto-
and bacterioplankton, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 236, 1–12, 2002b.
Passow, U. and Alldredge, A. L.: Distribution,size and bacterial colonization
of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in the ocean, Mar. Ecol.-Prog.
Ser., 113, 185–198, 1994.
Passow, U. and Alldredge, A. L.: A dye-binding assay for the
spectrophotometric measurement of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP),
Limnol. Oceanogr., 40, 1326–1335, 1995.
Passow, U. and Alldredge, A. L.: Do transparent exopolymer particles (TEP)
inhibit grazing by the euphausiid Euphausia pacifica?, J. Plankton Res., 21,
2203–2217, 1999.
Passow, U., Kozlowski, W., and Vernet, M.: Distribution of Transparent
Exopolymer Particles (TEP) during summer at a permanent station in
Antarctica, Antarct. J. US, 30, 265–266, 1995.
Passow, U., Shipe, R. F., Murray, A., Pak, D. K., Brzezinski, M. A., and
Alldredge, A. L.: The origin of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and
their role in the sedimentation of particulate matter, Cont. Shelf Res., 21,
327–346, 2001.
Pedrotti, M. L., Peters, F., Beauvais, S., Vidal, M., Egge, J., Jacobsen, A.,
and Marrasé, C.: Effects of nutrients and turbulence on the production of
transparent exopolymer particles: a mesocosm study, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.,
419, 57–69, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08840, 2010.
Pernice, M. C., Forn, I., Gomes, A., Lara, E., Alonso-Saez, L., Arrieta, J.
M., del Carmen Garcia, F., Hernando-Morales, V., MacKenzie, R., Mestre, M.,
Sintes, E., Teira, E., Valencia, J., Varela, M. M., Vaque, D., Duarte, C. M.,
Gasol, J. M., and Massana, R.: Global abundance of planktonic heterotrophic
protists in the deep ocean, ISME J., 9, 782–792, https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2014.168,
2015.
Peterson, R. G. and Stramma, L.: Upper-level circulation in the South
Atlantic Ocean, Prog. Oceanogr., 26, 1–73, 1991.
Piola, A. R.: The influence of the Plata River discharge on the western South
Atlantic shelf, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004gl021638, 2005.
Piola, A. R. and Gordon, A. L.: Intermediate waters in the southwest South
Atlantic, Deep-Sea Res., 36, 1–16, 1989.
Prieto, L., Sommer, F., Stibor, H., and Koeve, W.: Effects of planktonic
copepods on transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) abundance and size
spectra, J. Plankton Res., 5, 515–525, 2001.
Prieto, L., Navarro, G., Cózar, A., Echevarría, F., and García,
C. M.: Distribution of TEP in the euphotic and upper mesopelagic zones of the
southern Iberian coasts, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 53, 1314–1328,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2006.03.009, 2006.
Radic, T., Kraus, R., Fuks, D., Radic, J., and Pecar, O.: Transparent
exopolymeric particles' distribution in the northern Adriatic and their
relation to microphytoplankton biomass and composition, Sci. Total Environ.,
353, 151–161, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.09.013, 2005.
Radic, T., Ivancic, I., Fuks, D., and Radic, J.: Marine bacterioplankton
production of polysaccharidic and proteinaceous particles under different
nutrient regimes, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 58, 333–342,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00176.x, 2006.
Ramaiah, N. and Furuya, K.: Seasonal variations in phytoplankton composition
and transparent exopolymer particles in a eutrophicated coastal environment,
Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 30, 69–82, 2002.
Ramaiah, N., Sarma, V. V. S. S., Gauns, M., Kumar, M. D., and Madhupratap,
M.: Abundance and relationship of bacteria with transparent exopolymer
particles during the 1996 summer monsoon in the Arabian Sea, Proc. Indian
Acad. Sci.-Earth and Planetary Sciences, 109, 443–451, 2000.
Ramaiah, N., Yoshikawa, T., and Furuya, K.: Temporal variations in
transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) associated with a diatom spring bloom
in a subarctic ria in Japan, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 212, 79–88,
https://doi.org/10.3354/meps212079, 2001.
Ramaiah, N., Takeda, S., Furuya, K., Yoshimura, T., Nishioka, J., Aono, T.,
Nojiri, Y., Imai, K., Kudo, I., Saito, H., and Tsuda, A.: Effect of iron
enrichment on the dynamics of transparent exopolymer particles in the western
subarctic Pacific, Prog. Oceanogr., 64, 253–261,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2005.02.012, 2005.
Riebesell, U., Reigstad, M., Wassmann, P., Noji, T., and Passow, U.: On the
trophic fate of Phaeocystis pouchetii (Hariot): VI. Significance of
Phaeocystis-derived mucus for vertical flux, J. Sea Res., 33, 193–203, 1995.
RStudio Team: RStudio: Integrated Development for R. RStudio, Inc., Boston,
MA, available at: http://www.rstudio.com (last access:
28 January 2019), 2016.
Schartau, M., Engel, A., Schröter, J., Thoms, S., Völker, C., and
Wolf-Gladrow, D.: Modelling carbon overconsumption and the formation of
extracellular particulate organic carbon, Biogeosciences, 4, 433–454,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-4-433-2007, 2007.
Scoullos, M., Plavšić, M., Karavoltsos, S., and Sakellari, A.:
Partitioning and distribution of dissolved copper, cadmium and organic matter
in Mediterranean marine coastal areas: The case of a mucilage event, Estuar.
Coast. Shelf S., 67, 484–490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2005.12.007, 2006.
Servais, P., Courties, C., Lebaron, P., and Troussellier, M.: Coupling
Bacterial Activity Measurements with Cell Sorting by Flow Cytometry, Microb.
Ecol., 38, 180–189, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002489900160, 1999.
Shibata, A., Kogure, K., Koike, I., and Ohwada, K.: Formation of submicron
colloidal particles from marine bacteria by viral infection, Mar. Ecol.-Prog.
Ser., 155, 303–307, 1997.
Simó, R., Vila-Costa, M., Alonso-Sáez, L., Cardelús, C.,
Guadayol, Ò., Vázquez-Domínguez, E., and Gasol, J. M.: Annual
DMSP contribution to S and C fluxes through phytoplankton and
bacterioplankton in a NW Mediterranean coastal site, Aquat. Microb. Ecol.,
57, 43–55, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01325, 2009.
Stoderegger, K. and Herndl, G. J.: Production and release of bacterial
capsular material and its subsequent utilization by marine bacterioplankton,
Limnol. Oceanogr., 43, 877–884, 1998.
Sugimoto, K., Fukuda, H., Baki, M. A., and Koike, I.: Bacterial contributions
to formation of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and seasonal trends in
coastal waters of Sagami Bay, Japan, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 46, 31–41,
https://doi.org/10.3354/ame046031, 2007.
Sun, C.-C., Wang, Y.-S., Li, Q. P., Yue, W.-Z., Wang, Y.-T., Sun, F.-L., and
Peng, Y.-L.: Distribution characteristics of transparent exopolymer particles
in the Pearl River estuary, China, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 117, 1–12,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2012jg001951, 2012.
Thuy, N. T., Lin, J. C., Juang, Y., and Huang, C.: Temporal variation and
interaction of full size spectrum Alcian blue stainable materials and water
quality parameters in a reservoir, Chemosphere, 131, 139–148,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.023, 2015.
Trabelsi, L., Ben Ouada, H., Bacha, H., and Ghoul, M.: Combined effect of
temperature and light intensity on growth and extracellular polymeric
substance production by the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis, J. Appl.
Phycol., 21, 405–412, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-008-9383-8, 2008.
Utermöhl, H.: Zur Vervollkommnung der quentitativen
Phytoplankton-Methodik, Mitteilungen der International Vereinigung fur
heorestische und Angewandte Limnologie, 9, 1–38, 1958.
Van Oostende, N., Harlay, J., Vanelslander, B., Chou, L., Vyverman, W., and
Sabbe, K.: Phytoplankton community dynamics during late spring
coccolithophore blooms at the continental margin of the Celtic Sea (North
East Atlantic, 2006–2008), Prog. Oceanogr., 104, 1–16,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2012.04.016, 2012.
Vardi, A., Haramaty, L., Van Mooy, B. A., Fredricks, H. F., Kimmance, S. A.,
Larsen, A., and Bidle, K. D.: Host-virus dynamics and subcellular controls of
cell fate in a natural coccolithophore population, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,
109, 19327–19332, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1208895109, 2012.
Wild, C.: Effekte von “marine snow” – Sedimentation auf Steinkorallen
(Hexacorallia,Scleractinia) des Great Barrier Reef, Australien, Department of
Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, 110 pp., 2000.
Wilson, T. W., Ladino, L. A., Alpert, P. A., Breckels, M. N., Brooks, I. M.,
Browse, J., Burrows, S. M., Carslaw, K. S., Huffman, J. A., Judd, C.,
Kilthau, W. P., Mason, R. H., McFiggans, G., Miller, L. A., Najera, J. J.,
Polishchuk, E., Rae, S., Schiller, C. L., Si, M., Temprado, J. V., Whale, T.
F., Wong, J. P., Wurl, O., Yakobi-Hancock, J. D., Abbatt, J. P., Aller, J.
Y., Bertram, A. K., Knopf, D. A., and Murray, B. J.: A marine biogenic source
of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles, Nature, 525, 234–238,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14986, 2015.
Wurl, O., Miller, L., Röttgers, R., and Vagle, S.: The distribution and
fate of surface-active substances in the sea-surface microlayer and water
column, Mar. Chem., 115, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2009.04.007, 2009.
Wurl, O., Miller, L., and Vagle, S.: Production and fate of transparent
exopolymer particles in the ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 116, C00H13,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jc007342, 2011a.
Wurl, O., Wurl, E., Miller, L., Johnson, K., and Vagle, S.: Formation and
global distribution of sea-surface microlayers, Biogeosciences, 8, 121–135,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-121-2011, 2011b.
Wurl, O., Stolle, C., Van Thuoc, C., The Thu, P., and Mari, X.: Biofilm-like
properties of the sea surface and predicted effects on air–sea CO2
exchange, Prog. Oceanogr., 144, 15–24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2016.03.002,
2016.
Yamada, Y., Fukuda, H., Uchimiya, M., Motegi, C., Nishino, S., Kikuchi, T.,
and Nagata, T.: Localized accumulation and a shelf-basin gradient of
particles in the Chukchi Sea and Canada Basin, western Arctic, J. Geophys.
Res.-Oceans, 120, 4638–4653, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jc010794, 2015.
Yentsch, C. S. and Menzel, D. W.: A method for the determination of
phytoplankton chlorophyll and phaeophytin by fluorescence, Deep-Sea Res. Pt.
I, 10, 221–231, 1963.
Zhou, J., Mopper, K., and Passow, U.: The role of surface-active
carbohydrates in the formation of transparent exopolymer particles by bubble
adsorption of seawater, Limnol. Oceanogr., 43, 1860–1871, 1998.
Zubkov, M. V., Sleigh, M. A., Tarran, G. A., Burkill, P. H., Raymond, J. A.,
and Leakey, R. J. G.: Picoplanktonic community structure on an Atlantic
transect from 50∘ N to 50∘ S, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 45,
1339–1355, 1998.
Short summary
Many marine microorganisms produce polysaccharide-rich transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) for rather unknown reasons but with important consequences for the ocean carbon cycle, sea–air gas exchange and formation of organic aerosols. Here we compare surface–ocean distributions of TEPs and physical, chemical and biological variables along a N–S transect in the Atlantic Ocean. Our data suggest that phytoplankton and not bacteria are the main TEP producers, and solar radiation acts as a sink.
Many marine microorganisms produce polysaccharide-rich transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs)...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint