Articles | Volume 18, issue 10
Biogeosciences, 18, 3243–3261, 2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3243-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Biogeosciences, 18, 3243–3261, 2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3243-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article 01 Jun 2021
Research article | 01 Jun 2021
The impact of wildfire on biogeochemical fluxes and water quality in boreal catchments
Gustaf Granath et al.
Related authors
Paul A. Moore, Maxwell C. Lukenbach, Dan K. Thompson, Nick Kettridge, Gustaf Granath, and James M. Waddington
Biogeosciences, 16, 3491–3506, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3491-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3491-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Using very-high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs), we assessed the basic structure and microtopographic variability of hummock–hollow plots at boreal and hemi-boreal sites primarily in North America. Using a simple model of peatland biogeochemical function, our results suggest that both surface heating and moss productivity may not be adequately resolved in models which only consider idealized hummock–hollow units.
Gustaf Granath, Håkan Rydin, Jennifer L. Baltzer, Fia Bengtsson, Nicholas Boncek, Luca Bragazza, Zhao-Jun Bu, Simon J. M. Caporn, Ellen Dorrepaal, Olga Galanina, Mariusz Gałka, Anna Ganeva, David P. Gillikin, Irina Goia, Nadezhda Goncharova, Michal Hájek, Akira Haraguchi, Lorna I. Harris, Elyn Humphreys, Martin Jiroušek, Katarzyna Kajukało, Edgar Karofeld, Natalia G. Koronatova, Natalia P. Kosykh, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Elena Lapshina, Juul Limpens, Maiju Linkosalmi, Jin-Ze Ma, Marguerite Mauritz, Tariq M. Munir, Susan M. Natali, Rayna Natcheva, Maria Noskova, Richard J. Payne, Kyle Pilkington, Sean Robinson, Bjorn J. M. Robroek, Line Rochefort, David Singer, Hans K. Stenøien, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Kai Vellak, Anouk Verheyden, James Michael Waddington, and Steven K. Rice
Biogeosciences, 15, 5189–5202, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5189-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5189-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Peat constitutes a long-term archive for climate reconstruction by using the isotopic composition of carbon and oxygen. We analysed isotopes in two peat moss species across North America and Eurasia. Peat (moss tissue) isotope composition was predicted by soil moisture and isotopic composition of the rainwater but differed between species. Our results suggest that isotope composition can be used on a large scale for climatic reconstructions but that such models should be species-specific.
Anna-Maria Virkkala, Susan M. Natali, Brendan M. Rogers, Jennifer D. Watts, Kathleen Savage, Sara June Connon, Marguerite Mauritz, Edward A. G. Schuur, Darcy Peter, Christina Minions, Julia Nojeim, Roisin Commane, Craig A. Emmerton, Mathias Goeckede, Manuel Helbig, David Holl, Hiroki Iwata, Hideki Kobayashi, Pasi Kolari, Efrén López-Blanco, Maija E. Marushchak, Mikhail Mastepanov, Lutz Merbold, Frans-Jan W. Parmentier, Matthias Peichl, Torsten Sachs, Oliver Sonnentag, Masahito Ueyama, Carolina Voigt, Mika Aurela, Julia Boike, Gerardo Celis, Namyi Chae, Torben R. Christensen, M. Syndonia Bret-Harte, Sigrid Dengel, Han Dolman, Colin W. Edgar, Bo Elberling, Eugenie Euskirchen, Achim Grelle, Juha Hatakka, Elyn Humphreys, Järvi Järveoja, Ayumi Kotani, Lars Kutzbach, Tuomas Laurila, Annalea Lohila, Ivan Mammarella, Yojiro Matsuura, Gesa Meyer, Mats B. Nilsson, Steven F. Oberbauer, Sang-Jong Park, Roman Petrov, Anatoly S. Prokushkin, Christopher Schulze, Vincent L. St. Louis, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, William Quinton, Andrej Varlagin, Donatella Zona, and Viacheslav I. Zyryanov
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 179–208, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-179-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-179-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The effects of climate warming on carbon cycling across the Arctic–boreal zone (ABZ) remain poorly understood due to the relatively limited distribution of ABZ flux sites. Fortunately, this flux network is constantly increasing, but new measurements are published in various platforms, making it challenging to understand the ABZ carbon cycle as a whole. Here, we compiled a new database of Arctic–boreal CO2 fluxes to help facilitate large-scale assessments of the ABZ carbon cycle.
Jennifer Williamson, Christopher Evans, Bryan Spears, Amy Pickard, Pippa J. Chapman, Heidrun Feuchtmayr, Fraser Leith, and Don Monteith
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-450, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-450, 2020
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
Water companies in the UK have found that drinking water from upland reservoirs is becoming browner. This is costly to treat and if the dissolved organic matter that causes the colour isn't removed potentially harmful chemicals could be produced. Land management around reservoirs has been suggested as a way to reduce water colour. We reviewed the available literature to assess whether this would work. There is limited evidence available to date, although forestry appears to increase colour.
Martin Erlandsson Lampa, Harald U. Sverdrup, Kevin H. Bishop, Salim Belyazid, Ali Ameli, and Stephan J. Köhler
SOIL, 6, 231–244, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-231-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-231-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we demonstrate how new equations describing base cation release from mineral weathering can reproduce patterns in observations from stream and soil water. This is a major step towards modeling base cation cycling on the catchment scale, which would be valuable for defining the highest sustainable rates of forest harvest and levels of acidifying deposition.
Roger D. Finlay, Shahid Mahmood, Nicholas Rosenstock, Emile B. Bolou-Bi, Stephan J. Köhler, Zaenab Fahad, Anna Rosling, Håkan Wallander, Salim Belyazid, Kevin Bishop, and Bin Lian
Biogeosciences, 17, 1507–1533, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1507-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1507-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Effects of biological activity on mineral weathering operate at scales ranging from short-term, microscopic interactions to global, evolutionary timescale processes. Microorganisms have had well-documented effects at large spatio-temporal scales, but to establish the quantitative significance of microscopic measurements for field-scale processes, higher-resolution studies of liquid chemistry at local weathering sites and improved upscaling to soil-scale dissolution rates are still required.
Paul A. Moore, Maxwell C. Lukenbach, Dan K. Thompson, Nick Kettridge, Gustaf Granath, and James M. Waddington
Biogeosciences, 16, 3491–3506, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3491-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3491-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Using very-high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs), we assessed the basic structure and microtopographic variability of hummock–hollow plots at boreal and hemi-boreal sites primarily in North America. Using a simple model of peatland biogeochemical function, our results suggest that both surface heating and moss productivity may not be adequately resolved in models which only consider idealized hummock–hollow units.
Sarah Cook, Mick J. Whelan, Chris D. Evans, Vincent Gauci, Mike Peacock, Mark H. Garnett, Lip Khoon Kho, Yit Arn Teh, and Susan E. Page
Biogeosciences, 15, 7435–7450, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7435-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7435-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents the first comprehensive assessment of fluvial organic carbon loss from oil palm plantations on tropical peat: a carbon loss pathway previously unaccounted for from carbon budgets. Carbon in the water draining four plantations in Sarawak was monitored across a 1-year period. Greater fluvial carbon losses were linked to sites with lower water tables. These data will be used to complete the carbon budget from these ecosystems and assess the full impact of this land conversion.
Alistair Grinham, Simon Albert, Nathaniel Deering, Matthew Dunbabin, David Bastviken, Bradford Sherman, Catherine E. Lovelock, and Christopher D. Evans
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 5281–5298, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5281-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5281-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Artificial water bodies are a major source of methane and an important contributor to flooded land greenhouse gas emissions. Past studies focussed on large water supply or hydropower reservoirs with small artificial water bodies (ponds) almost completely ignored. This regional study demonstrated ponds accounted for one-third of flooded land surface area and emitted over 1.6 million t CO2 eq. yr−1 (10 % of land use sector emissions). Ponds should be included in regional GHG inventories.
Gustaf Granath, Håkan Rydin, Jennifer L. Baltzer, Fia Bengtsson, Nicholas Boncek, Luca Bragazza, Zhao-Jun Bu, Simon J. M. Caporn, Ellen Dorrepaal, Olga Galanina, Mariusz Gałka, Anna Ganeva, David P. Gillikin, Irina Goia, Nadezhda Goncharova, Michal Hájek, Akira Haraguchi, Lorna I. Harris, Elyn Humphreys, Martin Jiroušek, Katarzyna Kajukało, Edgar Karofeld, Natalia G. Koronatova, Natalia P. Kosykh, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Elena Lapshina, Juul Limpens, Maiju Linkosalmi, Jin-Ze Ma, Marguerite Mauritz, Tariq M. Munir, Susan M. Natali, Rayna Natcheva, Maria Noskova, Richard J. Payne, Kyle Pilkington, Sean Robinson, Bjorn J. M. Robroek, Line Rochefort, David Singer, Hans K. Stenøien, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Kai Vellak, Anouk Verheyden, James Michael Waddington, and Steven K. Rice
Biogeosciences, 15, 5189–5202, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5189-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5189-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Peat constitutes a long-term archive for climate reconstruction by using the isotopic composition of carbon and oxygen. We analysed isotopes in two peat moss species across North America and Eurasia. Peat (moss tissue) isotope composition was predicted by soil moisture and isotopic composition of the rainwater but differed between species. Our results suggest that isotope composition can be used on a large scale for climatic reconstructions but that such models should be species-specific.
Jean N. Namugize, Graham P. W. Jewitt, David Clark, and Johan Strömqvist
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2017-365, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2017-365, 2017
Revised manuscript has not been submitted
Short summary
Short summary
The research study on testing the capability of HYPE model to simulate streamflow, nitrogen and phosphorus was motivated by the inclusion of in-stream processes of transport and dynamics of nutrients in the routing functions of the model. Results indicate that high streamflow events were represented well, with a general over-simulation of low flows. These findings are consistent with observations of spatial and seasonal distribution of nutrients in the catchment.
Fredrik Lidman, Åsa Boily, Hjalmar Laudon, and Stephan J. Köhler
Biogeosciences, 14, 3001–3014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3001-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3001-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The riparian zone is the narrow strip of land that lines a watercourse. This is the last soil that the groundwater is in contact with before it enters the stream and it therefore has a high impact on the water quality. In this paper we show that many elements occur in elevated concentrations in the peat-like riparian zone of boreal headwaters and that this also leads to elevated concentrations in the streams. Hence, understanding riparian soils is crucial for a sustainable management of streams.
J. Temnerud, C. von Brömssen, J. Fölster, I. Buffam, J.-O. Andersson, L. Nyberg, and K. Bishop
Biogeosciences, 13, 399–413, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-399-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-399-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we test whether river outlet chemistry can be used as an additional source of information to improve the prediction of the total organic carbon (TOC) of headwaters, relative to models based on map information alone. Including river outlet TOC as a predictor in the models gave 5-15 % lower prediction errors than using map information alone. Thus, data on water chemistry measured at river outlets offer information which can complement GIS-based modelling of headwaters chemistry.
D. Wilson, S. D. Dixon, R. R. E. Artz, T. E. L. Smith, C. D. Evans, H. J. F. Owen, E. Archer, and F. Renou-Wilson
Biogeosciences, 12, 5291–5308, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5291-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5291-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We quantified carbon dioxide emissions from drained peat extraction sites in the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom and also measured a range of greenhouse gases that are released to the atmosphere with the burning of peat. Our derived carbon dioxide emission factors were considerably lower than those derived by the IPCC, which has major implications for National Inventory reporting under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol.
M. Dietzel, A. Leis, R. Abdalla, J. Savarino, S. Morin, M. E. Böttcher, and S. Köhler
Biogeosciences, 11, 3149–3161, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3149-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3149-2014, 2014
A. M. Ågren, I. Buffam, D. M. Cooper, T. Tiwari, C. D. Evans, and H. Laudon
Biogeosciences, 11, 1199–1213, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1199-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1199-2014, 2014
R. R. E. Artz, S. J. Chapman, M. Saunders, C. D. Evans, and R. B. Matthews
Biogeosciences, 10, 7623–7630, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7623-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7623-2013, 2013
J. L. J. Ledesma, T. Grabs, M. N. Futter, K. H. Bishop, H. Laudon, and S. J. Köhler
Biogeosciences, 10, 3849–3868, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3849-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3849-2013, 2013
S. K. Oni, M. N. Futter, K. Bishop, S. J. Köhler, M. Ottosson-Löfvenius, and H. Laudon
Biogeosciences, 10, 2315–2330, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2315-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2315-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Land
Assessing the representation of the Australian carbon cycle in global vegetation models
Assessing the response of soil carbon in Australia to changing inputs and climate using a consistent modelling framework
Reviews and syntheses: Ongoing and emerging opportunities to improve environmental science using observations from the Advanced Baseline Imager on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites
First pan-Arctic assessment of dissolved organic carbon in lakes of the permafrost region
Examining the sensitivity of the terrestrial carbon cycle to the expression of El Niño
Subalpine grassland productivity increased with warmer and drier conditions, but not with higher N deposition, in an altitudinal transplantation experiment
Reviews and syntheses: Impacts of plant-silica–herbivore interactions on terrestrial biogeochemical cycling
Implementation of nitrogen cycle in the CLASSIC land model
Combined effects of ozone and drought stress on the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds from Quercus robur L.
A bottom-up quantification of foliar mercury uptake fluxes across Europe
Lagged effects regulate the inter-annual variability of the tropical carbon balance
Spatial variations in terrestrial net ecosystem productivity and its local indicators
Nitrogen cycling in CMIP6 land surface models: progress and limitations
Decomposing reflectance spectra to track gross primary production in a subalpine evergreen forest
Sensitivity of 21st century simulated ecosystem indicators to model parameters, prescribed climate drivers, RCP scenarios and forest management actions for two Finnish boreal forest sites
Summarizing the state of the terrestrial biosphere in few dimensions
Patterns and trends of the dominant environmental controls of net biome productivity
Localized basal area affects soil respiration temperature sensitivity in a coastal deciduous forest
Dissolved organic carbon mobilized from organic horizons of mature and harvested black spruce plots in a mesic boreal region
Ideas and perspectives: Proposed best practices for collaboration at cross-disciplinary observatories
Effects of leaf length and development stage on the triple oxygen isotope signature of grass leaf water and phytoliths: insights for a proxy of continental atmospheric humidity
Response of simulated burned area to historical changes in environmental and anthropogenic factors: a comparison of seven fire models
Estimation of coarse dead wood stocks in intact and degraded forests in the Brazilian Amazon using airborne lidar
Theoretical uncertainties for global satellite-derived burned area estimates
Estimating global gross primary productivity using chlorophyll fluorescence and a data assimilation system with the BETHY-SCOPE model
How representative are FLUXNET measurements of surface fluxes during temperature extremes?
Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of leaves, litter, and soils of various ecosystems along an elevational and land-use gradient at Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
Comparison of CO2 and O2 fluxes demonstrate retention of respired CO2 in tree stems from a range of tree species
Tropical climate–vegetation–fire relationships: multivariate evaluation of the land surface model JSBACH
A global spatially contiguous solar-induced fluorescence (CSIF) dataset using neural networks
Technical note: A simple theoretical model framework to describe plant stomatal “sluggishness” in response to elevated ozone concentrations
Water-stress-induced breakdown of carbon–water relations: indicators from diurnal FLUXNET patterns
Shrub type dominates the vertical distribution of leaf C : N : P stoichiometry across an extensive altitudinal gradient
Estimation of gross land-use change and its uncertainty using a Bayesian data assimilation approach
Smaller global and regional carbon emissions from gross land use change when considering sub-grid secondary land cohorts in a global dynamic vegetation model
Nitrogen isotopic composition of plants and soil in an arid mountainous terrain: south slope versus north slope
Land-use and land-cover change carbon emissions between 1901 and 2012 constrained by biomass observations
Impacts of temperature extremes on European vegetation during the growing season
An assessment of geographical distribution of different plant functional types over North America simulated using the CLASS–CTEM modelling framework
Variability in above- and belowground carbon stocks in a Siberian larch watershed
Precipitation–fire linkages in Indonesia (1997–2015)
Fire-regime variability impacts forest carbon dynamics for centuries to millennia
Changing patterns of fire occurrence in proximity to forest edges, roads and rivers between NW Amazonian countries
Reviews and syntheses: Flying the satellite into your model: on the role of observation operators in constraining models of the Earth system and the carbon cycle
Mapping the reduction in gross primary productivity in subarctic birch forests due to insect outbreaks
Technical note: Dynamic INtegrated Gap-filling and partitioning for OzFlux (DINGO)
Nitrogen mineralization, not N2 fixation, alleviates progressive nitrogen limitation – Comment on “Processes regulating progressive nitrogen limitation under elevated carbon dioxide: a meta-analysis” by Liang et al. (2016)
Transient dynamics of terrestrial carbon storage: mathematical foundation and its applications
Development and evaluation of an ozone deposition scheme for coupling to a terrestrial biosphere model
Variations of leaf N and P concentrations in shrubland biomes across northern China: phylogeny, climate, and soil
Lina Teckentrup, Martin G. De Kauwe, Andrew J. Pitman, Daniel S. Goll, Vanessa Haverd, Atul K. Jain, Emilie Joetzjer, Etsushi Kato, Sebastian Lienert, Danica Lombardozzi, Patrick C. McGuire, Joe R. Melton, Julia E. M. S. Nabel, Julia Pongratz, Stephen Sitch, Anthony P. Walker, and Sönke Zaehle
Biogeosciences, 18, 5639–5668, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5639-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5639-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The Australian continent is included in global assessments of the carbon cycle such as the global carbon budget, yet the performance of dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) over Australia has rarely been evaluated. We assessed simulations by an ensemble of dynamic global vegetation models over Australia and highlighted a number of key areas that lead to model divergence on both short (inter-annual) and long (decadal) timescales.
Juhwan Lee, Raphael A. Viscarra Rossel, Mingxi Zhang, Zhongkui Luo, and Ying-Ping Wang
Biogeosciences, 18, 5185–5202, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5185-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5185-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We performed Roth C simulations across Australia and assessed the response of soil carbon to changing inputs and future climate change using a consistent modelling framework. Site-specific initialisation of the C pools with measurements of the C fractions is essential for accurate simulations of soil organic C stocks and composition at a large scale. With further warming, Australian soils will become more vulnerable to C loss: natural environments > native grazing > cropping > modified grazing.
Anam M. Khan, Paul C. Stoy, James T. Douglas, Martha Anderson, George Diak, Jason A. Otkin, Christopher Hain, Elizabeth M. Rehbein, and Joel McCorkel
Biogeosciences, 18, 4117–4141, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4117-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4117-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Remote sensing has played an important role in the study of land surface processes. Geostationary satellites, such as the GOES-R series, can observe the Earth every 5–15 min, providing us with more observations than widely used polar-orbiting satellites. Here, we outline current efforts utilizing geostationary observations in environmental science and look towards the future of GOES observations in the carbon cycle, ecosystem disturbance, and other areas of application in environmental science.
Lydia Stolpmann, Caroline Coch, Anne Morgenstern, Julia Boike, Michael Fritz, Ulrike Herzschuh, Kathleen Stoof-Leichsenring, Yury Dvornikov, Birgit Heim, Josefine Lenz, Amy Larsen, Katey Walter Anthony, Benjamin Jones, Karen Frey, and Guido Grosse
Biogeosciences, 18, 3917–3936, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3917-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3917-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Our new database summarizes DOC concentrations of 2167 water samples from 1833 lakes in permafrost regions across the Arctic to provide insights into linkages between DOC and environment. We found increasing lake DOC concentration with decreasing permafrost extent and higher DOC concentrations in boreal permafrost sites compared to tundra sites. Our study shows that DOC concentration depends on the environmental properties of a lake, especially permafrost extent, ecoregion, and vegetation.
Lina Teckentrup, Martin G. De Kauwe, Andrew J. Pitman, and Benjamin Smith
Biogeosciences, 18, 2181–2203, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2181-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2181-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) describes changes in the sea surface temperature patterns of the Pacific Ocean. This influences the global weather, impacting vegetation on land. There are two types of El Niño: central Pacific (CP) and eastern Pacific (EP). In this study, we explored the long-term impacts on the carbon balance on land linked to the two El Niño types. Using a dynamic vegetation model, we simulated what would happen if only either CP or EP El Niño events had occurred.
Matthias Volk, Matthias Suter, Anne-Lena Wahl, and Seraina Bassin
Biogeosciences, 18, 2075–2090, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2075-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2075-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Grassland ecosystem services like forage production and greenhouse gas storage in the soil depend on plant growth.
In an experiment in the mountains with warming treatments, we found that despite dwindling soil water content, the grassland growth increased with up to +1.3 °C warming (annual mean) compared to present temperatures. Even at +2.4 °C the growth was still larger than at the reference site.
This suggests that plant growth will increase due to global warming in the near future.
Bernice C. Hwang and Daniel B. Metcalfe
Biogeosciences, 18, 1259–1268, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1259-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1259-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Despite growing recognition of herbivores as important ecosystem engineers, many major gaps remain in our understanding of how silicon and herbivory interact to shape biogeochemical processes. We highlight the need for more research particularly in natural settings as well as on the potential effects of herbivory on terrestrial silicon cycling to understand potentially critical animal–plant–soil feedbacks.
Ali Asaadi and Vivek K. Arora
Biogeosciences, 18, 669–706, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-669-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-669-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
More than a quarter of the current anthropogenic CO2 emissions are taken up by land, reducing the atmospheric CO2 growth rate. This is because of the CO2 fertilization effect which benefits 80 % of global vegetation. However, if nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients cannot keep up with increasing atmospheric CO2, the magnitude of this terrestrial ecosystem service may reduce in future. This paper implements nitrogen constraints on photosynthesis in a model to understand the mechanisms involved.
Arianna Peron, Lisa Kaser, Anne Charlott Fitzky, Martin Graus, Heidi Halbwirth, Jürgen Greiner, Georg Wohlfahrt, Boris Rewald, Hans Sandén, and Thomas Karl
Biogeosciences, 18, 535–556, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-535-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-535-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Drought events are expected to become more frequent with climate change. Along with these events atmospheric ozone is also expected to increase. Both can stress plants. Here we investigate to what extent these factors modulate the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from oak plants. We find an antagonistic effect between drought stress and ozone, impacting the emission of different BVOCs, which is indirectly controlled by stomatal opening, allowing plants to control their water budget.
Lena Wohlgemuth, Stefan Osterwalder, Carl Joseph, Ansgar Kahmen, Günter Hoch, Christine Alewell, and Martin Jiskra
Biogeosciences, 17, 6441–6456, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6441-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6441-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Mercury uptake by trees from the air represents an important but poorly quantified pathway in the global mercury cycle. We determined mercury uptake fluxes by leaves and needles at 10 European forests which were 4 times larger than mercury deposition via rainfall. The amount of mercury taken up by leaves and needles depends on their age and growing height on the tree. Scaling up our measurements to the forest area of Europe, we estimate that each year 20 t of mercury is taken up by trees.
A. Anthony Bloom, Kevin W. Bowman, Junjie Liu, Alexandra G. Konings, John R. Worden, Nicholas C. Parazoo, Victoria Meyer, John T. Reager, Helen M. Worden, Zhe Jiang, Gregory R. Quetin, T. Luke Smallman, Jean-François Exbrayat, Yi Yin, Sassan S. Saatchi, Mathew Williams, and David S. Schimel
Biogeosciences, 17, 6393–6422, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6393-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6393-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We use a model of the 2001–2015 tropical land carbon cycle, with satellite measurements of land and atmospheric carbon, to disentangle lagged and concurrent effects (due to past and concurrent meteorological events, respectively) on annual land–atmosphere carbon exchanges. The variability of lagged effects explains most 2001–2015 inter-annual carbon flux variations. We conclude that concurrent and lagged effects need to be accurately resolved to better predict the world's land carbon sink.
Erqian Cui, Chenyu Bian, Yiqi Luo, Shuli Niu, Yingping Wang, and Jianyang Xia
Biogeosciences, 17, 6237–6246, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6237-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6237-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Mean annual net ecosystem productivity (NEP) is related to the magnitude of the carbon sink of a specific ecosystem, while its inter-annual variation (IAVNEP) characterizes the stability of such a carbon sink. Thus, a better understanding of the co-varying NEP and IAVNEP is critical for locating the major and stable carbon sinks on land. Based on daily NEP observations from eddy-covariance sites, we found local indicators for the spatially varying NEP and IAVNEP, respectively.
Taraka Davies-Barnard, Johannes Meyerholt, Sönke Zaehle, Pierre Friedlingstein, Victor Brovkin, Yuanchao Fan, Rosie A. Fisher, Chris D. Jones, Hanna Lee, Daniele Peano, Benjamin Smith, David Wårlind, and Andy J. Wiltshire
Biogeosciences, 17, 5129–5148, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5129-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5129-2020, 2020
Rui Cheng, Troy S. Magney, Debsunder Dutta, David R. Bowling, Barry A. Logan, Sean P. Burns, Peter D. Blanken, Katja Grossmann, Sophia Lopez, Andrew D. Richardson, Jochen Stutz, and Christian Frankenberg
Biogeosciences, 17, 4523–4544, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4523-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4523-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We measured reflected sunlight from an evergreen canopy for a year to detect changes in pigments that play an important role in regulating the seasonality of photosynthesis. Results show a strong mechanistic link between spectral reflectance features and pigment content, which is validated using a biophysical model. Our results show spectrally where, why, and when spectral features change over the course of the season and show promise for estimating photosynthesis remotely.
Jarmo Mäkelä, Francesco Minunno, Tuula Aalto, Annikki Mäkelä, Tiina Markkanen, and Mikko Peltoniemi
Biogeosciences, 17, 2681–2700, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2681-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2681-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We assess the relative magnitude of uncertainty sources on ecosystem indicators of the 21st century climate change on two boreal forest sites. In addition to RCP and climate model uncertainties, we included the overlooked model parameter uncertainty and management actions in our analysis. Management was the dominant uncertainty factor for the more verdant southern site, followed by RCP, climate and parameter uncertainties. The uncertainties were estimated with canonical correlation analysis.
Guido Kraemer, Gustau Camps-Valls, Markus Reichstein, and Miguel D. Mahecha
Biogeosciences, 17, 2397–2424, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2397-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2397-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
To closely monitor the state of our planet, we require systems that can monitor
the observation of many different properties at the same time. We create
indicators that resemble the behavior of many different simultaneous
observations. We apply the method to create indicators representing the
Earth's biosphere. The indicators show a productivity gradient and a water
gradient. The resulting indicators can detect a large number of changes and
extremes in the Earth system.
Barbara Marcolla, Mirco Migliavacca, Christian Rödenbeck, and Alessandro Cescatti
Biogeosciences, 17, 2365–2379, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2365-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2365-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This work investigates the sensitivity of terrestrial CO2 fluxes to climate drivers. We observed that CO2 flux is mostly controlled by temperature during the growing season and by radiation off season. We also observe that radiation importance is increasing over time while sensitivity to temperature is decreasing in Eurasia. Ultimately this analysis shows that ecosystem response to climate is changing, with potential repercussions for future terrestrial sink and land role in climate mitigation.
Stephanie C. Pennington, Nate G. McDowell, J. Patrick Megonigal, James C. Stegen, and Ben Bond-Lamberty
Biogeosciences, 17, 771–780, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-771-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-771-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Soil respiration (Rs) is the flow of CO2 from the soil surface to the atmosphere and is one of the largest carbon fluxes on land. This study examined the effect of local basal area (tree area) on Rs in a coastal forest in eastern Maryland, USA. Rs measurements were taken as well as distance from soil collar, diameter, and species of each tree within a 15 m radius. We found that trees within 5 m of our sampling points had a positive effect on how sensitive soil respiration was to temperature.
Keri L. Bowering, Kate A. Edwards, Karen Prestegaard, Xinbiao Zhu, and Susan E. Ziegler
Biogeosciences, 17, 581–595, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-581-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-581-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We examined the effects of season and tree harvesting on the flow of water and the organic carbon (OC) it carries from boreal forest soils. We found that more OC was lost from the harvested forest because more precipitation reached the soil surface but that during periods of flushing in autumn and snowmelt a limit on the amount of water-extractable OC is reached. These results contribute to an increased understanding of carbon loss from boreal forest soils.
Jason Philip Kaye, Susan L. Brantley, Jennifer Zan Williams, and the SSHCZO team
Biogeosciences, 16, 4661–4669, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4661-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4661-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Interdisciplinary teams can only capitalize on innovative ideas if members work well together through collegial and efficient use of field sites, instrumentation, samples, data, and model code. Thus, biogeoscience teams may benefit from developing a set of best practices for collaboration. We present one such example from a the Susquehanna Shale Hills critical zone observatory. Many of the themes from our example are universal, and they offer insights useful to other biogeoscience teams.
Anne Alexandre, Elizabeth Webb, Amaelle Landais, Clément Piel, Sébastien Devidal, Corinne Sonzogni, Martine Couapel, Jean-Charles Mazur, Monique Pierre, Frédéric Prié, Christine Vallet-Coulomb, Clément Outrequin, and Jacques Roy
Biogeosciences, 16, 4613–4625, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4613-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4613-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This calibration study shows that despite isotope heterogeneity along grass leaves, the triple oxygen isotope composition of bulk leaf phytoliths can be estimated from the Craig and Gordon model, a mixing equation and a mean leaf water–phytolith fractionation exponent (lambda) of 0.521. The results strengthen the reliability of the 17O–excess of phytoliths to be used as a proxy of atmospheric relative humidity and open tracks for its use as an imprint of leaf water 17O–excess.
Lina Teckentrup, Sandy P. Harrison, Stijn Hantson, Angelika Heil, Joe R. Melton, Matthew Forrest, Fang Li, Chao Yue, Almut Arneth, Thomas Hickler, Stephen Sitch, and Gitta Lasslop
Biogeosciences, 16, 3883–3910, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3883-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3883-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This study compares simulated burned area of seven global vegetation models provided by the Fire Model Intercomparison Project (FireMIP) since 1900. We investigate the influence of five forcing factors: atmospheric CO2, population density, land–use change, lightning and climate.
We find that the anthropogenic factors lead to the largest spread between models. Trends due to climate are mostly not significant but climate strongly influences the inter-annual variability of burned area.
Marcos A. S. Scaranello, Michael Keller, Marcos Longo, Maiza N. dos-Santos, Veronika Leitold, Douglas C. Morton, Ekena R. Pinagé, and Fernando Del Bon Espírito-Santo
Biogeosciences, 16, 3457–3474, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3457-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3457-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The coarse dead wood component of the tropical forest carbon pool is rarely measured. For the first time, we developed models for predicting coarse dead wood in Amazonian forests by using airborne laser scanning data. Our models produced site-based estimates similar to independent field estimates found in the literature. Our study provides an approach for estimating coarse dead wood pools from remotely sensed data and mapping those pools over large scales in intact and degraded forests.
James Brennan, Jose L. Gómez-Dans, Mathias Disney, and Philip Lewis
Biogeosciences, 16, 3147–3164, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3147-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3147-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We estimate the uncertainties associated with three global satellite-derived burned area estimates. The method provides unique uncertainties for the three estimates at the global scale for 2001–2013. We find uncertainties of 4 %–5.5 % in global burned area and uncertainties of 8 %–10 % in the frequently burning regions of Africa and Australia.
Alexander J. Norton, Peter J. Rayner, Ernest N. Koffi, Marko Scholze, Jeremy D. Silver, and Ying-Ping Wang
Biogeosciences, 16, 3069–3093, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3069-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3069-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents an estimate of global terrestrial photosynthesis. We make use of satellite chlorophyll fluorescence measurements, a visible indicator of photosynthesis, to optimize model parameters and estimate photosynthetic carbon uptake. This new framework incorporates nonlinear, process-based understanding of the link between fluorescence and photosynthesis, an advance on past approaches. This will aid in the utility of fluorescence to quantify terrestrial carbon cycle feedbacks.
Sophie V. J. van der Horst, Andrew J. Pitman, Martin G. De Kauwe, Anna Ukkola, Gab Abramowitz, and Peter Isaac
Biogeosciences, 16, 1829–1844, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1829-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1829-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of surface fluxes are taken around the world and are extremely valuable for understanding how the land and atmopshere interact, and how the land can amplify temerature extremes. However, do these measurements sample extreme temperatures, or are they biased to the average? We examine this question and highlight data that do measure surface fluxes under extreme conditions. This provides a way forward to help model developers improve their models.
Friederike Gerschlauer, Gustavo Saiz, David Schellenberger Costa, Michael Kleyer, Michael Dannenmann, and Ralf Kiese
Biogeosciences, 16, 409–424, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-409-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-409-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Mount Kilimanjaro is an iconic environmental asset under serious threat due to increasing human pressures and climate change constraints. We studied variations in the stable isotopic composition of carbon and nitrogen in plant, litter, and soil material sampled along a strong land-use and altitudinal gradient. Our results show that, besides management, increasing temperatures in a changing climate may promote carbon and nitrogen losses, thus altering the stability of Kilimanjaro ecosystems.
Boaz Hilman, Jan Muhr, Susan E. Trumbore, Norbert Kunert, Mariah S. Carbone, Päivi Yuval, S. Joseph Wright, Gerardo Moreno, Oscar Pérez-Priego, Mirco Migliavacca, Arnaud Carrara, José M. Grünzweig, Yagil Osem, Tal Weiner, and Alon Angert
Biogeosciences, 16, 177–191, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-177-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-177-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Combined measurement of CO2 / O2 fluxes in tree stems suggested that on average 41 % of the respired CO2 was not emitted locally to the atmosphere. This finding strengthens the recognition that CO2 efflux from tree stems is not an accurate measure of respiration. The CO2 / O2 fluxes did not vary as expected if CO2 dissolution in the xylem sap was the main driver for the CO2 retention. We suggest the examination of refixation of respired CO2 as a possible mechanism for CO2 retention.
Gitta Lasslop, Thomas Moeller, Donatella D'Onofrio, Stijn Hantson, and Silvia Kloster
Biogeosciences, 15, 5969–5989, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5969-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5969-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We apply a multivariate model evaluation to the relationship between climate, vegetation and fire in the tropics using the JSBACH land surface model and two remote-sensing data sets, with the aim to identify the potential for model improvement. The overestimation of tree cover for low precipitation and a very strong relationship between tree cover and burned area indicates opportunities in the improvement of drought effects and the impact of fire on tree cover or the adaptation of trees to fire.
Yao Zhang, Joanna Joiner, Seyed Hamed Alemohammad, Sha Zhou, and Pierre Gentine
Biogeosciences, 15, 5779–5800, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5779-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5779-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Using satellite reflectance measurements and a machine learning algorithm, we generated a new solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) dataset that is closely linked to plant photosynthesis. This new dataset has higher spatial and temporal resolutions, and lower uncertainty compared to the existing satellite retrievals. We also demonstrated its application in monitoring drought and improving the understanding of the SIF–photosynthesis relationship.
Chris Huntingford, Rebecca J. Oliver, Lina M. Mercado, and Stephen Sitch
Biogeosciences, 15, 5415–5422, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5415-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5415-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Raised ozone levels impact plant stomatal opening and thus photosynthesis. Most models describe this as a suppression of stomata opening. Field evidence suggests more complexity, as ozone damage may make stomatal response
sluggish. In some circumstances, this causes stomata to be more open – a concern during drought conditions – by increasing transpiration. To guide interpretation and modelling of field measurements, we present an equation for sluggish effects, via a single tau parameter.
Jacob A. Nelson, Nuno Carvalhais, Mirco Migliavacca, Markus Reichstein, and Martin Jung
Biogeosciences, 15, 2433–2447, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2433-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2433-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Plants have typical daily carbon uptake and water loss cycles. However, these cycles may change under periods of duress, such as water limitation. Here we identify two types of patterns in response to water limitations: a tendency to lose more water in the morning than afternoon and a decoupling of the carbon and water cycles. The findings show differences in responses by trees and grasses and suggest that morning shifts may be more efficient at gaining carbon per unit water used.
Wenqiang Zhao, Peter B. Reich, Qiannan Yu, Ning Zhao, Chunying Yin, Chunzhang Zhao, Dandan Li, Jun Hu, Ting Li, Huajun Yin, and Qing Liu
Biogeosciences, 15, 2033–2053, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2033-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2033-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We found larger shrub leaf C, C : N and lower leaf N, N : P levels compared to other terrestrial ecosystems. Alpine shrubs exhibited the greatest leaf C at low temperatures, whereas the largest leaf N and P occurred in valley deciduous shrubs. The large heterogeneity in nutrient uptake and physiological adaptation of shrub types to environments explained the largest fraction of leaf C : N : P variations, while climate indirectly affected leaf C : N : P via its interactive effects on shrub type or soil.
Peter Levy, Marcel van Oijen, Gwen Buys, and Sam Tomlinson
Biogeosciences, 15, 1497–1513, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1497-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1497-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We present a new method for estimating land-use change using a Bayesian data assimilation approach. This allows us to constrain estimates of gross land-use change with reliable national-scale census data whilst retaining the information available from several other sources. This includes detailed spatial data; further data sources, such as new satellites, could easily be added in future. Uncertainty is propagated appropriately into the output.
Chao Yue, Philippe Ciais, and Wei Li
Biogeosciences, 15, 1185–1201, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1185-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1185-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Gross land use change such as shifting cultivation causes carbon emissions because carbon release in cleared forests is larger than absorption in regrowing ones. However, to appropriately account for this process, vegetation models have to represent sub-grid secondary forest dynamics. We found that gross land use emissions can be overestimated if sub-grid secondary forests are neglected in the model. Conversely, rotation lengths of shifting cultivation have a critical role.
Chongjuan Chen, Yufu Jia, Yuzhen Chen, Imran Mehmood, Yunting Fang, and Guoan Wang
Biogeosciences, 15, 369–377, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-369-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-369-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The south slope of Tian Shan differs from the north slope in environment. The study showed that leaf δ15N, soil δ15N and △δ15Nleaf-soil on the south slope were greater than those on the north slope. The significant influential factors of leaf and soil δ15N on the south slope were different from those on the north slope. The results suggested that the south slope has higher soil N transformation rates than the north slope and relationships between leaf and soil δ15N and environment are localized.
Wei Li, Philippe Ciais, Shushi Peng, Chao Yue, Yilong Wang, Martin Thurner, Sassan S. Saatchi, Almut Arneth, Valerio Avitabile, Nuno Carvalhais, Anna B. Harper, Etsushi Kato, Charles Koven, Yi Y. Liu, Julia E.M.S. Nabel, Yude Pan, Julia Pongratz, Benjamin Poulter, Thomas A. M. Pugh, Maurizio Santoro, Stephen Sitch, Benjamin D. Stocker, Nicolas Viovy, Andy Wiltshire, Rasoul Yousefpour, and Sönke Zaehle
Biogeosciences, 14, 5053–5067, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5053-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5053-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We used several observation-based biomass datasets to constrain the historical land-use change carbon emissions simulated by models. Compared to the range of the original modeled emissions (from 94 to 273 Pg C), the observationally constrained global cumulative emission estimate is 155 ± 50 Pg C (1σ Gaussian error) from 1901 to 2012. Our approach can also be applied to evaluate the LULCC impact of land-based climate mitigation policies.
Lukas Baumbach, Jonatan F. Siegmund, Magdalena Mittermeier, and Reik V. Donner
Biogeosciences, 14, 4891–4903, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4891-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4891-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Temperature extremes play a crucial role for vegetation growth and vitality in vast parts of the European continent. Here, we study the likelihood of simultaneous occurrences of extremes in daytime land surface temperatures and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for three main periods during the growing season. Our results reveal a particularly high vulnerability of croplands to temperature extremes, while other vegetation types are considerably less affected.
Rudra K. Shrestha, Vivek K. Arora, Joe R. Melton, and Laxmi Sushama
Biogeosciences, 14, 4733–4753, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4733-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4733-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Computer models of vegetation provide a tool to assess how future changes in climate may the affect geographical distribution of vegetation. However, such models must first be assessed for their ability to reproduce the present-day geographical distribution of vegetation. Here, we assess the ability of one such dynamic vegetation model. We find that while the model is broadly successful in reproducing the geographical distribution of trees and grasses in North America some limitations remain.
Elizabeth E. Webb, Kathryn Heard, Susan M. Natali, Andrew G. Bunn, Heather D. Alexander, Logan T. Berner, Alexander Kholodov, Michael M. Loranty, John D. Schade, Valentin Spektor, and Nikita Zimov
Biogeosciences, 14, 4279–4294, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4279-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4279-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost soils store massive amounts of C, yet estimates of soil C storage in this region are highly uncertain, primarily due to undersampling at all spatial scales; circumpolar soil C estimates lack sufficient continental spatial diversity, regional intensity, and replication at the field-site level. We aim to reduce the uncertainty of regional C estimates by providing a comprehensive assessment of vegetation, active-layer, and permafrost C stocks in a watershed in northeast Siberia, Russia.
Thierry Fanin and Guido R. van der Werf
Biogeosciences, 14, 3995–4008, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3995-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3995-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Using night fire detection and rainfall datasets during 1997–2015, we found that the number of night fires detected in 1997 was 2.2 times higher than in 2015, but with a higher fraction of peatland burned in 2015. We also confirmed the non-linearity of rainfall accumulation prior to a fire to indicate a high fire year. The influence of rainfall on the number of yearly fires varies across Indonesia. Southern Sumatra and Kalimantan need 120 days of observations, while northern Sumatra only 30.
Tara W. Hudiburg, Philip E. Higuera, and Jeffrey A. Hicke
Biogeosciences, 14, 3873–3882, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3873-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3873-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Wildfire is a dominant disturbance agent in forest ecosystems, shaping important processes including net carbon (C) balance. Our results imply that fire-regime variability is a major driver of C trajectories in stand-replacing fire regimes. Predicting carbon balance in these systems, therefore, will depend strongly on the ability of ecosystem models to represent a realistic range of fire-regime variability over the past several centuries to millennia.
Dolors Armenteras, Joan Sebastian Barreto, Karyn Tabor, Roberto Molowny-Horas, and Javier Retana
Biogeosciences, 14, 2755–2765, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2755-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2755-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Tropical forests are highly threatened by the expansion of the agricultural frontier, use of fire and subsequent deforestation. NW Amazonia is the wettest part of the basin and the role of fire is still largely unknown in this subregion. In this study, we compared fire regimes in five countries sharing this tropical biome (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil). We studied fire activity in relation to proximity to roads and rivers and how fire occurs in relation to forest fragmentation.
Thomas Kaminski and Pierre-Philippe Mathieu
Biogeosciences, 14, 2343–2357, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2343-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2343-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This paper provides the formalism and examples of how observation operators can be used, in combination with data assimilation or retrieval techniques, to better ingest satellite products in a manner consistent with the dynamics of the Earth system expressed by models.
Per-Ola Olsson, Michal Heliasz, Hongxiao Jin, and Lars Eklundh
Biogeosciences, 14, 1703–1719, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1703-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1703-2017, 2017
Jason Beringer, Ian McHugh, Lindsay B. Hutley, Peter Isaac, and Natascha Kljun
Biogeosciences, 14, 1457–1460, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1457-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1457-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Standardised, quality-controlled and robust data from flux networks underpin the understanding of ecosystem processes and tools to manage our natural resources. The Dynamic INtegrated Gap-filling and partitioning for OzFlux (DINGO) system enables gap-filling and partitioning of fluxes and subsequently provides diagnostics and results. Quality data from robust systems like DINGO ensure the utility and uptake of flux data and facilitates synergies between flux, remote sensing and modelling.
Tobias Rütting
Biogeosciences, 14, 751–754, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-751-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-751-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The response of ecosystems to elevated atmospheric CO2 is affected by nitrogen (N) availability. It has been hypothesized that N limitation becomes progressively stronger (progressive N limitation, PNL). Most long-term free air CO2 enrichment studies did not see a PNL. This paper shows that enhanced biological N2 fixation only prevents PNL in plant communities with symbiotic N2 fixation. In most ecosystems a stimulation of gross N mineralization prevents the development of a PNL.
Yiqi Luo, Zheng Shi, Xingjie Lu, Jianyang Xia, Junyi Liang, Jiang Jiang, Ying Wang, Matthew J. Smith, Lifen Jiang, Anders Ahlström, Benito Chen, Oleksandra Hararuk, Alan Hastings, Forrest Hoffman, Belinda Medlyn, Shuli Niu, Martin Rasmussen, Katherine Todd-Brown, and Ying-Ping Wang
Biogeosciences, 14, 145–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-145-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-145-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Climate change is strongly regulated by land carbon cycle. However, we lack the ability to predict future land carbon sequestration. Here, we develop a novel framework for understanding what determines the direction and rate of future change in land carbon storage. The framework offers a suite of new approaches to revolutionize land carbon model evaluation and improvement.
Martina Franz, David Simpson, Almut Arneth, and Sönke Zaehle
Biogeosciences, 14, 45–71, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-45-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-45-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone is a toxic air pollutant that can damage plant leaves and impact their carbon uptake from the atmosphere. We extend a terrestrial biosphere model to account for ozone damage of plants and investigate the impact on the terrestrial carbon cycle. Our approach accounts for ozone transport from the free troposphere to leaf level. We find that this substantially affects simulated ozone uptake into the plants. Simulations indicate that ozone damages plants less than expected from previous studies
Xian Yang, Xiulian Chi, Chengjun Ji, Hongyan Liu, Wenhong Ma, Anwar Mohhammat, Zhaoyong Shi, Xiangping Wang, Shunli Yu, Ming Yue, and Zhiyao Tang
Biogeosciences, 13, 4429–4438, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4429-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4429-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Leaf chemical concentrations are key traits in ecosystem functioning. Previous studies were biased for trees and grasses. Here, we explored the patterns of leaf N and P concentrations in relation to climate, soil, and evolutionary history in northern China. We found that climate influenced the community chemical traits through the shift in species composition, whereas soil directly influenced the community chemical traits.
Cited articles
Ahlgren, I. F. and Ahlgren, C. E.: Ecological effects of forest fires, Bot.
Rev., 26, 483–533, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02940573, 1960.
Amiro, B. D., Chen, J. M., and Liu, J.: Net primary productivity following
forest fire for Canadian ecoregions, Can. J. For. Res., 30, 939–947,
https://doi.org/10.1139/x00-025, 2000.
Amiro, B. D., Barr, A. G., Barr, J. G., Black, T. A., Bracho, R., Brown, M.,
Chen, J., Clark, K. L., Davis, K. J., Desai, A. R., Dore, S., Engel, V.,
Fuentes, J. D., Goldstein, A. H., Goulden, M. L., Kolb, T. E., Lavigne, M.
B., Law, B. E., Margolis, H. A., Martin, T., McCaughey, J. H., Misson, L.,
Montes-Helu, M., Noormets, A., Randerson, J. T., Starr, G., and Xiao, J.:
Ecosystem carbon dioxide fluxes after disturbance in forests of North
America, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 115, G00K02,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JG001390, 2010.
Aubinet, M., Grelle, A., Ibrom, A., Rannik, Ü., Moncrieff, J., Foken,
T., Kowalski, A. S., Martin, P. H., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, Ch., Clement,
R., Elbers, J., Granier, A., Grünwald, T., Morgenstern, K., Pilegaard,
K., Rebmann, C., Snijders, W., Valentini, R., and Vesala, T.: Estimates Of
The Annual Net Carbon And Water Exchange Of Forests: The EUROFLUX
methodology, in: Advances in Ecological Research, Vol. 30, edited by:
Fitter, A. H. and Raffaelli, D. G., 113–175, Academic Press, 1999.
Bastviken, D., Sandén, P., Svensson, T., Ståhlberg, A. C.,
Magounakis, M., and Oberg, G.: Chloride retention and release in a boreal
forest soil: effects of soil water residence time and nitrogen and chloride
loads, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 2977–2982, 2006.
Bayley, S. E., Schindler, D. W., Parker, B. R., Stainton, M. P., and Beaty,
K. G.: Effects of forest fire and drought on acidity of a base-poor boreal
forest stream: similarities between climatic warming and acidic
precipitation, Biogeochemistry, 17, 191–204, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00004041,
1992.
Betts, E. F. and Jones, J. B.: Impact of wildfire on stream nutrient
chemistry and ecosystem metabolism in boreal forest catchments of interior
Alaska, Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res., 41, 407–417,
https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-41.4.407, 2009.
Bladon, K. D., Silins, U., Wagner, M. J., Stone, M., Emelko, M. B., Mendoza,
C. A., Devito, K. J., and Boon, S.: Wildfire impacts on nitrogen
concentration and production from headwater streams in southern Alberta's
Rocky Mountains, Can. J. For. Res., 38, 2359–2371, https://doi.org/10.1139/X08-071,
2008.
Bladon, K. D., Emelko, M. B., Silins, U., and Stone, M.: Wildfire and the
future of water supply, Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 8936–8943,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es500130g, 2014.
Bodí, M. B., Martin, D. A., Balfour, V. N., Santín, C., Doerr, S.
H., Pereira, P., Cerdà, A., and Mataix-Solera, J.: Wildland fire ash:
production, composition and eco-hydro-geomorphic effects, Earth-Sci. Rev.,
130, 103–127, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.12.007, 2014.
Bond-Lamberty, B., Peckham, S. D., Ahl, D. E., and Gower, S. T.: Fire as the
dominant driver of central Canadian boreal forest carbon balance, Nature,
450, 89–92, 2007.
Brais, S., David, P., and Ouimet, R.: Impacts of wild fire severity and
salvage harvesting on the nutrient balance of jack pine and black spruce
boreal stands, Forest Ecol. Manag., 137, 231–243,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(99)00331-X, 2000.
Burd, K., Tank, S. E., Dion, N., Quinton, W. L., Spence, C., Tanentzap, A. J., and Olefeldt, D.: Seasonal shifts in export of DOC and nutrients from burned and unburned peatland-rich catchments, Northwest Territories, Canada, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 4455–4472, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4455-2018, 2018.
Burke, J. M., Prepas, E. E., and Pinder, S.: Runoff and phosphorus export
patterns in large forested watersheds on the western Canadian Boreal Plain
before and for 4 years after wildfire, J. Environ. Eng. Sci., 4,
319–325, https://doi.org/10.1139/s04-072, 2005.
Bürkner, P.-C.: brms: An R Package for Bayesian Multilevel Models Using
Stan, J. Stat. Softw., 80, https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v080.i01, 2017.
Carignan, R., D'Arcy, P., and Lamontagne, S.: Comparative impacts of fire and
forest harvesting on water quality in Boreal Shield lakes, Can. J. Fish.
Aquat. Sci., 57, 105–117, https://doi.org/10.1139/f00-125, 2000.
Carslaw, D. C. and Ropkins, K.: openair – An R package for air quality
data analysis, Environ. Model. Softw., 27/28, 52–61,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.09.008, 2012.
Certini, G.: Effects of fire on properties of forest soils: a review,
Oecologia, 143, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8, 2005.
Dannenmann, M., Díaz-Pinés, E., Kitzler, B., Karhu, K., Tejedor,
J., Ambus, P., Parra, A., Sánchez-Martin, L., Resco, V., Ramírez,
D. A., Povoas-Guimaraes, L., Willibald, G., Gasche, R.,
Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S., Kraus, D., Castaldi, S., Vallejo, A., Rubio,
A., Moreno, J. M., and Butterbach-Bahl, K.: Postfire nitrogen balance of
Mediterranean shrublands: Direct combustion losses versus gaseous and
leaching losses from the postfire soil mineral nitrogen flush, Glob. Change
Biol., 24, 4505–4520, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14388, 2018.
Emelko, M. B., Silins, U., Bladon, K. D., and Stone, M.: Implications of land
disturbance on drinking water treatability in a changing climate:
Demonstrating the need for “source water supply and protection”
strategies, Water Res., 45, 461–472, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.08.051,
2011.
Evans, C. D., Malcolm, I. A., Shilland, E. M., Rose, N. L., Turner, S. D.,
Crilly, A., Norris, D., Granath, G., and Monteith, D. T.: Sustained
biogeochemical impacts of wildfire in a mountain lake catchment, Ecosystems,
20, 813–829, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-016-0064-1, 2017.
Flannigan, M., Stocks, B., Turetsky, M., and Wotton, M.: Impacts of climate
change on fire activity and fire management in the circumboreal forest,
Glob. Change Biol., 15, 549–560, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01660.x,
2009.
Fölster, J., Johnson, R. K., Futter, M. N., and Wilander, A.: The Swedish
monitoring of surface waters: 50 years of adaptive monitoring, AMBIO, 43,
3–18, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-014-0558-z, 2014.
González-Pérez, J. A., González-Vila, F. J., Almendros, G., and
Knicker, H.: The effect of fire on soil organic matter – a review, Environ.
Int., 30, 855–870, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2004.02.003, 2004.
Goulden, M. L., Mcmillan, A. M. S., Winston, G. C., Rocha, A. V., Manies, K.
L., Harden, J. W., and Bond-Lamberty, B. P.: Patterns of NPP, GPP,
respiration, and NEP during boreal forest succession, Glob. Change Biol.,
17, 855–871, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02274.x, 2011.
Granath, G. , Evans, C. D., Strengbom, J., Fölster, J., Grelle, A., Strömqvist, J., and Köhler, S. J.: Data set: The impact of wildfire on biogeochemical fluxes and water quality on boreal catchments, Zenodo [Dataset], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4699632, 2021.
Grier, C. C.: Wildfire effects on nutrient distribution and leaching in a
coniferous ecosystem, Can. J. For. Res., 5, 599–607,
https://doi.org/10.1139/x75-087, 1975.
Grogan, P., Burns, T. D., and Iii, F. S. C.: Fire effects on ecosystem
nitrogen cycling in a Californian bishop pine forest, Oecologia, 122,
537–544, https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420050977, 2000.
Gustafsson, L., Berglind, M., Granström, A., Grelle, A., Isacsson, G.,
Kjellander, P., Larsson, S., Lindh, M., Pettersson, L. B., Strengbom, J.,
Stridh, B., Sävström, T., Thor, G., Wikars, L.-O., and Mikusiński,
G.: Rapid ecological response and intensified knowledge accumulation
following a north European mega-fire, Scand. J. Forest Res., 34, 234–253,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2019.1603323, 2019.
Hadden, D. and Grelle, A.: Net CO2 emissions from a primary
boreo-nemoral forest over a 10year period, Forest Ecol. Manag., 398, 164–173,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.05.008, 2017.
Hauer, F. and Spencer, C.: Phosphorus and nitrogen dynamics in streams
associated with wildfire: a study of immediate and longterm effects, Int. J.
Wildland Fire, 8, 183–198, 1998.
Hijmans, R. J., Etten, J. van, Sumner, M., Cheng, J., Bevan, A., Bivand, R.,
Busetto, L., Canty, M., Forrest, D., Ghosh, A., Golicher, D., Gray, J.,
Greenberg, J. A., Hiemstra, P., Karney, C.,
Mattiuzzi, M., Mosher, S., Nowosad, J., Pebesma, E., Lamigueiro, O. P.,
Racine, E. B., Rowlingson, B., Shortridge, A., Venables, B., and Wueest, R.:
raster: Geographic Data Analysis and Modeling, available at:
https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=raster, last access: 15 April 2019.
Humborg, C., Smedberg, Erik, Blomqvist, S., Mörth, C.-M., Brink, J.,
Rahm, L., Danielsson, Å., and Sahlberg, J.: Nutrient variations in boreal
and subarctic Swedish rivers: Landscape control of land- sea fluxes, Limnol.
Oceanogr., 49, 1871–1883, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2004.49.5.1871, 2004.
Jones, M. W., Santín, C., van der Werf, G. R., and Doerr, S. H.: Global
fire emissions buffered by the production of pyrogenic carbon, Nat. Geosci.,
12, 742–747, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0403-x, 2019.
Jonsson, B. G., Ekström, M., Esseen, P. A., Grafström, A.,
Ståhl, G., and Westerlund, B.: Dead wood availability in managed
Swedish forests–Policy outcomes and implications for biodiversity, Forest
Ecol. Manag., 376, 174–182, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.06.017, 2016.
Kelly, R., Genet, H., McGuire, A. D., and Hu, F. S.: Palaeodata-informed
modelling of large carbon losses from recent burning of boreal forests, Nat.
Clim. Change, 6, 79–82, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2832, 2016.
Kishchuk, B. E., Morris, D. M., Lorente, M., Keddy, T., Sidders, D.,
Quideau, S., Thiffault, E., Kwiaton, M., and Maynard, D.: Disturbance
intensity and dominant cover type influence rate of boreal soil carbon
change: A Canadian multi-regional analysis, Forest Ecol. Manag., 381, 48–62,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.09.002, 2016.
Knicker, H.: How does fire affect the nature and stability of soil organic
nitrogen and carbon? A review, Biogeochemistry, 85, 91–118,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-007-9104-4, 2007.
Köhler, S.: Estimating organic acid dissociation in natural surface
waters using total alkalinity and TOC, Water Res., 34, 1425–1434,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00315-2, 2000.
Kopáček, J., Evans, C. D., Hejzlar, J., Kaňa, J., Porcal, P., and
Šantrůčková, H.: Factors affecting the leaching of dissolved
organic carbon after tree dieback in an unmanaged european mountain forest,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 52, 6291–6299, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00478,
2018.
Kristensen, T., Ohlson, M., Bolstad, P., and Nagy, Z.: Spatial variability of
organic layer thickness and carbon stocks in mature boreal forest
stands – implications and suggestions for sampling designs, Environ. Monit.
Assess., 187, 521, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4741-x, 2015.
Lantmäteriet: Produktbeskrivning, GSD-Höjddata, grid 2+, version 1.7, 2014.
Laudon, H., Köhler, S., and Buffam, I.: Seasonal TOC export from seven
boreal catchments in northern Sweden, Aquat. Sci., 66, 223–230,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-004-0700-2, 2004.
Ledesma, J. L. J., Grabs, T., Bishop, K. H., Schiff, S. L., and Köhler,
S. J.: Potential for long-term transfer of dissolved organic carbon from
riparian zones to streams in boreal catchments, Glob. Change Biol., 21,
2963–2979, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12872, 2015.
Lee, X., Massman, W., and Law, B. (Eds.): Handbook of micrometeorology: a
guide for surface flux measurement and analysis, Kluwer Acad. Publication,
Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 2004.
Likens, G. E., Bormann, F. H., Johnson, N. M., Fisher, D. W., and Pierce, R.
S.: Effects of forest cutting and herbicide treatment on nutrient budgets in
the hubbard brook watershed ecosystem, Ecol. Monogr., 40, 23–47,
https://doi.org/10.2307/1942440, 1970.
Lindström, G., Pers, C., Rosberg, J., Strömqvist, J., and Arheimer,
B.: Development and testing of the HYPE (Hydrological Predictions for the
Environment) water quality model for different spatial scales, Hydrol. Res.,
41, 295–319, https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2010.007, 2010.
Lydersen, E., Høgberget, R., Moreno, C. E., Garmo, Ø. A., and Hagen, P.
C.: The effects of wildfire on the water chemistry of dilute, acidic lakes
in southern Norway, Biogeochemistry, 119, 109–124,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-014-9951-8, 2014.
Marklund, L. G.: Biomass Functions for Pine, Spruce and Birch in Sweden,
Department of Forest Survey, SLU, Report 54, 1988.
Mast, M. A. and Clow, D. W.: Effects of 2003 wildfires on stream chemistry
in Glacier National Park, Montana, Hydrol. Process., 22, 5013–5023,
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7121, 2008.
McEachern, P., Prepas, E. E., Gibson, J. J., and Dinsmore, W. P.: Forest fire
induced impacts on phosphorus, nitrogen, and chlorophyll a concentrations in
boreal subarctic lakes of northern Alberta, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.,
57, 73–81, https://doi.org/10.1139/f00-124, 2000.
Miljödata-MVM.: National data host lakes and watercourses, and national
data host agricultural land, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
(SLU), available at: http://miljodata.slu.se/mvm/, last access: 1 March 2020.
Minderman, G.: Addition, decomposition and accumulation of organic matter in
forest, J. Ecol., 56, 355–362, https://doi.org/10.2307/2258238, 1968.
Minkkinen, K. and Laine, J.: Effects of forest drainage on the peat bulk
density of pine mires in Finland, Can. J. For. Res., 28, 178–186, 1998.
Minshall, G. W., Brock, J. T., Andrews, D. A., and Robinson, C. T.: Water
quality, substratum and biotic responses of five central Idaho (USA) streams
during the first year following the Mortar Creek fire, Int. J. Wildland
Fire, 10, 185–199, https://doi.org/10.1071/wf01017, 2001.
Mitchell, G. and McDonald, A. T.: Catchment characterization as a tool for
upland water quality management, J. Environ. Manage., 44, 83–95,
https://doi.org/10.1006/jema.1995.0032, 1995.
Mroz, G. D., Jurgensen, M. F., Harvey, A. E., and Larsen, M. J.: Effects of
fire on nitrogen in forest floor horizons 1, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 44,
395–400, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1980.03615995004400020038x, 1980.
Myneni, R., Knyazikhin, Y., and Park, T.: MCD15A2H MODIS/Terra+Aqua Leaf
Area Index/FPAR 8-day L4 Global 500 m SIN Grid V006, NASA EOSDIS Land
Processes DAAC,
https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD15A2H.006, 2015.
Olefeldt, D., Devito, K. J., and Turetsky, M. R.: Sources and fate of
terrestrial dissolved organic carbon in lakes of a Boreal Plains region
recently affected by wildfire, Biogeosciences, 10, 6247–6265,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6247-2013, 2013.
Parro, K., Köster, K., Jõgiste, K., Seglinš, K., Sims, A.,
Stanturf, J. A., and Metslaid, M.: Impact of post-fire management on soil
respiration, carbon and nitrogen content in a managed hemiboreal forest, J.
Environ. Manag., 233, 371–377, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.12.050, 2019.
Pérez-Izquierdo, L., Clemmensen, K. E., Strengbom, J., Granath, G.,
Wardle, D. A., Nilsson, M. C., and Lindahl, B. D.: Crown-fire severity is
more important than ground-fire severity in determining soil fungal
community development in the boreal forest, J. Ecol., 109, 504–518,
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13529, 2021.
R Development Core Team: R: a language and environment for statistical
computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna Austria,
available at: https://www.R-project.org (last access: 25 May 2021), 2016.
Repola, J.: Models for vertical wood density of Scots pine, Norway spruce
and birch stems, and their application to determine average wood density,
Silva Fenn., 40, 673–685, 2006.
Rhoades, C. C., Chow, A. T., Covino, T. P., Fegel, T. S., Pierson, D. N., and
Rhea, A. E.: The legacy of a severe wildfire on stream nitrogen and carbon
in headwater catchments, Ecosystems, 22, 643–657, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-018-0293-6, 2019.
Rodríguez-Cardona, B. M., Coble, A. A., Wymore, A. S., Kolosov, R.,
Podgorski, D. C., Zito, P., Spencer, R. G. M., Prokushkin, A. S., and
McDowell, W. H.: Wildfires lead to decreased carbon and increased nitrogen
concentrations in upland arctic streams, Sci. Rep., 10, 1–9,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65520-0, 2020.
Santos, F., Wymore, A. S., Jackson, B. K., Sullivan, S. M. P., McDowell, W.
H., and Berhe, A. A.: Fire severity, time since fire, and site-level
characteristics influence streamwater chemistry at baseflow conditions in
catchments of the Sierra Nevada, California, USA, Fire Ecol., 15, 3,
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-018-0022-8, 2019.
Schiff, S. L., Spoelstra, J., Semkin, R. G., and Jeffries, D. S.: Drought
induced pulses of SO
Silins, U., Bladon, K. D., Kelly, E. N., Esch, E., Spence, J. R., Stone, M.,
Emelko, M. B., Boon, S., Wagner, M. J., Williams, C. H. S., and Tichkowsky,
I.: Five-year legacy of wildfire and salvage logging impacts on nutrient
runoff and aquatic plant, invertebrate, and fish productivity: wildfire and
salvage logging effects on stream ecohydrology, Ecohydrology, 7,
1508–1523, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1474, 2014.
Smith, H. G., Sheridan, G. J., Lane, P. N. J., Nyman, P., and Haydon, S.:
Wildfire effects on water quality in forest catchments: A review with
implications for water supply, J. Hydrol., 396, 170–192,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.10.043, 2011.
Smithwick, E. A. H., Turner, M. G., Mack, M. C., and Iii, F. S. C.: Postfire
soil n cycling in northern conifer forests affected by severe,
stand-replacing wildfires, Ecosystems, 8, 163–181,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-004-0097-8, 2005.
Sponseller, R. A., Temnerud, J., Bishop, K., and Laudon, H.: Patterns and
drivers of riverine nitrogen (N) across alpine, subarctic, and boreal
Sweden, Biogeochemistry, 120, 105–120, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-014-9984-z,
2014.
Strömqvist, J., Arheimer, B., Dahné, J., Donnelly, C., and
Lindström, G.: Water and nutrient predictions in ungauged basins: set-up
and evaluation of a model at the national scale, Hydrol. Sci. J., 57,
229–247, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2011.637497, 2012.
Tamm, C. O.: Nitrogen in terrestrial ecosystems questions of productivity,
vegetational changes, and ecosystem stability, Springer Berlin Heidelberg,
Berlin, Heidelberg,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75168-4 (last access: 12 March 2016), 1991.
Tuck, S. L., Phillips, H. R. P., Hintzen, R. E., Scharlemann, J. P. W.,
Purvis, A., and Hudson, L. N.: MODISTools – downloading and processing MODIS
remotely sensed data in R, Ecol. Evol., 4, 4658–4668,
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1273, 2014.
Turetsky, M. R., Kane, E. S., Harden, J. W., Ottmar, R. D., Manies, K. L.,
Hoy, E., and Kasischke, E. S.: Recent acceleration of biomass burning and
carbon losses in Alaskan forests and peatlands, Nat. Geosci, 4, 27–31,
2011.
Turner, M. G., Smithwick, E. A. H., Metzger, K. L., Tinker, D. B., and Romme,
W. H.: Inorganic nitrogen availability after severe stand-replacing fire in
the Greater Yellowstone ecosystem, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 104,
4782–4789, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0700180104, 2007.
Turner, M. G., Whitby, T. G., and Romme, W. H.: Feast not famine: Nitrogen
pools recover rapidly in 25-yr-old postfire lodgepole pine, Ecology, 100,
e02626, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2626, 2019.
Walker, X. J., Rogers, B. M., Baltzer, J. L., Cumming, S. G., Day, N. J.,
Goetz, S. J., Johnstone, J. F., Schuur, E. A. G., Turetsky, M. R., and Mack,
M. C.: Cross-scale controls on carbon emissions from boreal forest
megafires, Glob. Change Biol., 24, 4251–4265, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14287,
2018.
Wan, S., Hui, D., and Luo, Y.: Fire effects on nitrogen pools and dynamics in
terrestrial ecosystems: A Meta-Analysis, Ecol. Appl., 11, 1349–1365,
https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[1349:FEONPA]2.0.CO;2, 2001.
Yallop, A. R., Clutterbuck, B., and Thacker, J.: Increases in humic dissolved
organic carbon export from upland peat catchments: the role of temperature,
declining sulphur deposition and changes in land management, Clim. Res., 45,
43–56, https://doi.org/10.3354/cr00884, 2010.
Zackrisson, O., DeLuca, T. H., Nilsson, M.-C., Sellstedt, A., and Berglund,
L. M.: Nitrogen fixation increases with successional age in boreal forests,
Ecology, 85, 3327–3334, https://doi.org/10.1890/04-0461, 2004.
Short summary
We measured element losses and impacts on water quality following a wildfire in Sweden. We observed the largest carbon and nitrogen losses during the fire and a strong pulse of elements 1–3 months after the fire that showed a fast (weeks) and a slow (months) release from the catchments. Total carbon export through water did not increase post-fire. Overall, we observed a rapid recovery of the biogeochemical cycling of elements within 3 years but still an annual net release of carbon dioxide.
We measured element losses and impacts on water quality following a wildfire in Sweden. We...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint