Articles | Volume 16, issue 19
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3941-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3941-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| Highlight paper
| 
14 Oct 2019
Research article | Highlight paper |
| 14 Oct 2019
| 14 Oct 2019
Microbial community composition and abundance after millennia of submarine permafrost warming
Julia Mitzscherling
GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam,
Section Geomicrobiology, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
Fabian Horn
GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam,
Section Geomicrobiology, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
Maria Winterfeld
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Marine Geochemistry, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
Linda Mahler
GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam,
Section Geomicrobiology, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
Jens Kallmeyer
GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam,
Section Geomicrobiology, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
Pier P. Overduin
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Permafrost Research, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
Lutz Schirrmeister
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Permafrost Research, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
Matthias Winkel
GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam,
Section Interface Geochemistry, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
Mikhail N. Grigoriev
Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mel'nikov Permafrost
Institute, Yakutsk, Russia
Dirk Wagner
GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam,
Section Geomicrobiology, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
University of Potsdam, Institute of Geosciences, 14476 Potsdam,
Germany
Susanne Liebner
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam,
Section Geomicrobiology, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, 14476
Potsdam, Germany
Related authors
No articles found.
Bennet Juhls, Anne Morgenstern, Jens Hölemann, Antje Eulenburg, Birgit Heim, Frederieke Miesner, Hendrik Grotheer, Gesine Mollenhauer, Hanno Meyer, Ephraim Erkens, Felica Yara Gehde, Sofia Antonova, Sergey Chalov, Maria Tereshina, Oxana Erina, Evgeniya Fingert, Ekaterina Abramova, Tina Sanders, Liudmila Lebedeva, Nikolai Torgovkin, Georgii Maksimov, Vasily Povazhnyi, Rafael Gonçalves-Araujo, Urban Wünsch, Antonina Chetverova, Sophie Opfergelt, and Pier Paul Overduin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1–28, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Siberian Arctic is warming fast: permafrost is thawing, river chemistry is changing, and coastal ecosystems are affected. We aimed to understand changes in the Lena River, a major Arctic river flowing to the Arctic Ocean, by collecting 4.5 years of detailed water data, including temperature and carbon and nutrient contents. This dataset records current conditions and helps us to detect future changes. Explore it at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.913197 and https://lena-monitoring.awi.de/.
Lutz Schirrmeister, Margret C. Fuchs, Thomas Opel, Andrei Andreev, Frank Kienast, Andrea Schneider, Larisa Nazarova, Larisa Frolova, Svetlana Kuzmina, Tatiana Kuznetsova, Vladimir Tumskoy, Heidrun Matthes, Gerit Lohmann, Guido Grosse, Viktor Kunitsky, Hanno Meyer, Heike H. Zimmermann, Ulrike Herzschuh, Thomas Boehmer, Stuart Umbo, Sevi Modestou, Sebastian F. M. Breitenbach, Anfisa Pismeniuk, Georg Schwamborn, Stephanie Kusch, and Sebastian Wetterich
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2024-74, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2024-74, 2024
Preprint under review for CP
Short summary
Short summary
The strong ecosystem response to the Last Interglacial warming, reflected in the high diversity of proxies, shows the sensitivity of permafrost regions to rising temperatures. In particular, the development of thermokarst landscapes created a mosaic of terrestrial, wetland, and aquatic habitats, fostering an increase in biodiversity. This biodiversity is evident in the rich variety of terrestrial insects, vegetation, and aquatic invertebrates preserved in these deposits.
Ellen Schnabel, Aurèle Vuillemin, Cédric C. Laczny, Benoit J. Kunath, André R. Soares, Rolando Di Primio, Jens Kallmeyer, and the PROSPECTOMICS Consortium
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1603, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1603, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzed marine sediment samples from areas with and without minimal hydrocarbon seepage from reservoirs underneath. Depth profiles of dissolved chemical components in the pore water as well as molecular biological data revealed differences in microbial community composition and activity. These results indicate that even minor hydrocarbon seepage affects sedimentary biogeochemical cycling in marine sediments, potentially providing a new tool for detection of hydrocarbon reservoirs.
Frederieke Miesner, William Lambert Cable, Pier Paul Overduin, and Julia Boike
The Cryosphere, 18, 2603–2611, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-2603-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-2603-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The temperature in the sediment below Arctic lakes determines the stability of the permafrost and microbial activity. However, measurements are scarce because of the remoteness. We present a robust and portable device to fill this gap. Test campaigns have demonstrated its utility in a range of environments during winter and summer. The measured temperatures show a great variability within and across locations. The data can be used to validate models and estimate potential emissions.
Ephraim Erkens, Michael Angelopoulos, Jens Tronicke, Scott R. Dallimore, Dustin Whalen, Julia Boike, and Pier Paul Overduin
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1044, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1044, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the depth of subsea permafrost formed by inundation of terrestrial permafrost due to marine transgression around the rapidly disappearing, permafrost-cored Tuktoyaktuk Island (Beaufort Sea, NWT, Canada). We use geoelectrical surveys with floating electrodes to identify the boundary between unfrozen and frozen sediment. Our findings indicate that permafrost thaw depths beneath the seabed can be explained by coastal erosion rates and landscape features before inundation.
George Westmeijer, Cristina Escudero, Claudia Bergin, Stephanie Turner, Magnus Ståhle, Maliheh Mehrshad, Prune Leroy, Moritz Buck, Pilar López-Hernández, Jens Kallmeyer, Ricardo Amils, Stefan Bertilsson, and Mark Dopson
Biogeosciences, 21, 591–604, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-591-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-591-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Rock cores down to 2250 m depth, groundwater-bearing fractures, and drilling fluid were sampled for DNA to characterize the subsurface microbial community. In general, microbial biomass was extremely low despite the employment of detection methods widespread in low-biomass environments. The described contamination control measures could support future sampling efforts, and our findings emphasize the use of sequencing extraction controls.
Steffen Kutterolf, Mark Brenner, Robert A. Dull, Armin Freundt, Jens Kallmeyer, Sebastian Krastel, Sergei Katsev, Elodie Lebas, Axel Meyer, Liseth Pérez, Juanita Rausch, Armando Saballos, Antje Schwalb, and Wilfried Strauch
Sci. Dril., 32, 73–84, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-32-73-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-32-73-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The NICA-BRIDGE workshop proposes a milestone-driven three-phase project to ICDP and later ICDP/IODP involving short- and long-core drilling in the Nicaraguan lakes and in the Pacific Sandino Basin to (1) reconstruct tropical climate and environmental changes and their external controlling mechanisms over several million years, (2) assess magnitudes and recurrence times of multiple natural hazards, and (3) provide
baselineenvironmental data for monitoring lake conditions.
Sebastian Westermann, Thomas Ingeman-Nielsen, Johanna Scheer, Kristoffer Aalstad, Juditha Aga, Nitin Chaudhary, Bernd Etzelmüller, Simon Filhol, Andreas Kääb, Cas Renette, Louise Steffensen Schmidt, Thomas Vikhamar Schuler, Robin B. Zweigel, Léo Martin, Sarah Morard, Matan Ben-Asher, Michael Angelopoulos, Julia Boike, Brian Groenke, Frederieke Miesner, Jan Nitzbon, Paul Overduin, Simone M. Stuenzi, and Moritz Langer
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 2607–2647, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2607-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2607-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The CryoGrid community model is a new tool for simulating ground temperatures and the water and ice balance in cold regions. It is a modular design, which makes it possible to test different schemes to simulate, for example, permafrost ground in an efficient way. The model contains tools to simulate frozen and unfrozen ground, snow, glaciers, and other massive ice bodies, as well as water bodies.
Martine Lizotte, Bennet Juhls, Atsushi Matsuoka, Philippe Massicotte, Gaëlle Mével, David Obie James Anikina, Sofia Antonova, Guislain Bécu, Marine Béguin, Simon Bélanger, Thomas Bossé-Demers, Lisa Bröder, Flavienne Bruyant, Gwénaëlle Chaillou, Jérôme Comte, Raoul-Marie Couture, Emmanuel Devred, Gabrièle Deslongchamps, Thibaud Dezutter, Miles Dillon, David Doxaran, Aude Flamand, Frank Fell, Joannie Ferland, Marie-Hélène Forget, Michael Fritz, Thomas J. Gordon, Caroline Guilmette, Andrea Hilborn, Rachel Hussherr, Charlotte Irish, Fabien Joux, Lauren Kipp, Audrey Laberge-Carignan, Hugues Lantuit, Edouard Leymarie, Antonio Mannino, Juliette Maury, Paul Overduin, Laurent Oziel, Colin Stedmon, Crystal Thomas, Lucas Tisserand, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Jorien Vonk, Dustin Whalen, and Marcel Babin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1617–1653, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1617-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1617-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw in the Mackenzie Delta region results in the release of organic matter into the coastal marine environment. What happens to this carbon-rich organic matter as it transits along the fresh to salty aquatic environments is still underdocumented. Four expeditions were conducted from April to September 2019 in the coastal area of the Beaufort Sea to study the fate of organic matter. This paper describes a rich set of data characterizing the composition and sources of organic matter.
Ngai-Ham Chan, Moritz Langer, Bennet Juhls, Tabea Rettelbach, Paul Overduin, Kimberly Huppert, and Jean Braun
Earth Surf. Dynam., 11, 259–285, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-259-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-259-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic river deltas influence how nutrients and soil organic carbon, carried by sediments from the Arctic landscape, are retained or released into the Arctic Ocean. Under climate change, the deltas themselves and their ecosystems are becoming more vulnerable. We build upon previous models to reproduce for the first time an important feature ubiquitous to Arctic deltas and simulate its future under climate warming. This can impact the future of Arctic deltas and the carbon release they moderate.
Nicolás Riveras-Muñoz, Steffen Seitz, Kristina Witzgall, Victoria Rodríguez, Peter Kühn, Carsten W. Mueller, Rómulo Oses, Oscar Seguel, Dirk Wagner, and Thomas Scholten
SOIL, 8, 717–731, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-717-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-717-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) stabilize the soil surface mainly in arid regions but are also present in Mediterranean and humid climates. We studied this stabilizing effect through wet and dry sieving along a large climatic gradient in Chile and found that the stabilization of soil aggregates persists in all climates, but their role is masked and reserved for a limited number of size fractions under humid conditions by higher vegetation and organic matter contents in the topsoil.
Tomáš Fischer, Pavla Hrubcová, Torsten Dahm, Heiko Woith, Tomáš Vylita, Matthias Ohrnberger, Josef Vlček, Josef Horálek, Petr Dědeček, Martin Zimmer, Martin P. Lipus, Simona Pierdominici, Jens Kallmeyer, Frank Krüger, Katrin Hannemann, Michael Korn, Horst Kämpf, Thomas Reinsch, Jakub Klicpera, Daniel Vollmer, and Kyriaki Daskalopoulou
Sci. Dril., 31, 31–49, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-31-31-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-31-31-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The newly established geodynamic laboratory aims to develop modern, comprehensive, multiparameter observations at depth for studying earthquake swarms, crustal fluid flow, mantle-derived fluid degassing and processes of the deep biosphere. It is located in the West Bohemia–Vogtland (western Eger Rift) geodynamic region and comprises a set of five shallow boreholes with high-frequency 3-D seismic arrays as well as continuous real-time fluid monitoring at depth and the study of the deep biosphere.
Mauricio Arboleda-Zapata, Michael Angelopoulos, Pier Paul Overduin, Guido Grosse, Benjamin M. Jones, and Jens Tronicke
The Cryosphere, 16, 4423–4445, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4423-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4423-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We demonstrate how we can reliably estimate the thawed–frozen permafrost interface with its associated uncertainties in subsea permafrost environments using 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data. In addition, we show how further analyses considering 1D inversion and sensitivity assessments can help quantify and better understand 2D ERT inversion results. Our results illustrate the capabilities of the ERT method to get insights into the development of the subsea permafrost.
Matthias Fuchs, Juri Palmtag, Bennet Juhls, Pier Paul Overduin, Guido Grosse, Ahmed Abdelwahab, Michael Bedington, Tina Sanders, Olga Ogneva, Irina V. Fedorova, Nikita S. Zimov, Paul J. Mann, and Jens Strauss
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 2279–2301, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2279-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2279-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We created digital, high-resolution bathymetry data sets for the Lena Delta and Kolyma Gulf regions in northeastern Siberia. Based on nautical charts, we digitized depth points and isobath lines, which serve as an input for a 50 m bathymetry model. The benefit of this data set is the accurate mapping of near-shore areas as well as the offshore continuation of the main deep river channels. This will improve the estimation of river outflow and the nutrient flux output into the coastal zone.
Charlotte Haugk, Loeka L. Jongejans, Kai Mangelsdorf, Matthias Fuchs, Olga Ogneva, Juri Palmtag, Gesine Mollenhauer, Paul J. Mann, P. Paul Overduin, Guido Grosse, Tina Sanders, Robyn E. Tuerena, Lutz Schirrmeister, Sebastian Wetterich, Alexander Kizyakov, Cornelia Karger, and Jens Strauss
Biogeosciences, 19, 2079–2094, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2079-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2079-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Buried animal and plant remains (carbon) from the last ice age were freeze-locked in permafrost. At an extremely fast eroding permafrost cliff in the Lena Delta (Siberia), we found this formerly frozen carbon well preserved. Our results show that ongoing degradation releases substantial amounts of this carbon, making it available for future carbon emissions. This mobilisation at the studied cliff and also similarly eroding sites bear the potential to affect rivers and oceans negatively.
Stiig Wilkenskjeld, Frederieke Miesner, Paul P. Overduin, Matteo Puglini, and Victor Brovkin
The Cryosphere, 16, 1057–1069, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1057-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1057-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Thawing permafrost releases carbon to the atmosphere, enhancing global warming. Part of the permafrost soils have been flooded by rising sea levels since the last ice age, becoming subsea permafrost (SSPF). The SSPF is less studied than the part on land. In this study we use a global model to obtain rates of thawing of SSPF under different future climate scenarios until the year 3000. After the year 2100 the scenarios strongly diverge, closely connected to the eventual disappearance of sea ice.
Henning Lorenz, Jan-Erik Rosberg, Christopher Juhlin, Iwona Klonowska, Rodolphe Lescoutre, George Westmeijer, Bjarne S. G. Almqvist, Mark Anderson, Stefan Bertilsson, Mark Dopson, Jens Kallmeyer, Jochem Kück, Oliver Lehnert, Luca Menegon, Christophe Pascal, Simon Rejkjær, and Nick N. W. Roberts
Sci. Dril., 30, 43–57, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-30-43-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-30-43-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides project provides insights into the deep structure and bedrock of a ca. 400 Ma old major orogen to study deformation processes that are hidden at depth from direct access in modern mountain belts. This paper describes the successful operations at the second site. It provides an overview of the retrieved geological section that differs from the expected and summarises the scientific potential of the accomplished data sets and drill core.
Hao Tang, Susanne Liebner, Svenja Reents, Stefanie Nolte, Kai Jensen, Fabian Horn, and Peter Mueller
Biogeosciences, 18, 6133–6146, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6133-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6133-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We examined if sea-level rise and plant genotype interact to affect soil microbial functioning in a mesocosm experiment using two genotypes of a dominant salt-marsh grass characterized by differences in flooding sensitivity. Larger variability in microbial community structure, enzyme activity, and litter breakdown in soils with the more sensitive genotype supports our hypothesis that effects of climate change on soil microbial functioning can be controlled by plant intraspecific adaptations.
Michael Krautblatter, Lutz Schirrmeister, and Josefine Lenz
Polarforschung, 89, 69–71, https://doi.org/10.5194/polf-89-69-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/polf-89-69-2021, 2021
Ines Spangenberg, Pier Paul Overduin, Ellen Damm, Ingeborg Bussmann, Hanno Meyer, Susanne Liebner, Michael Angelopoulos, Boris K. Biskaborn, Mikhail N. Grigoriev, and Guido Grosse
The Cryosphere, 15, 1607–1625, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-1607-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-1607-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Thermokarst lakes are common on ice-rich permafrost. Many studies have shown that they are sources of methane to the atmosphere. Although they are usually covered by ice, little is known about what happens to methane in winter. We studied how much methane is contained in the ice of a thermokarst lake, a thermokarst lagoon and offshore. Methane concentrations differed strongly, depending on water body type. Microbes can also oxidize methane in ice and lower the concentrations during winter.
Rebecca Rolph, Pier Paul Overduin, Thomas Ravens, Hugues Lantuit, and Moritz Langer
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2021-28, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2021-28, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Declining sea ice, larger waves, and increasing air temperatures are contributing to a rapidly eroding Arctic coastline. We simulate water levels using wind speed and direction, which are used with wave height, wave period, and sea surface temperature to drive an erosion model of a partially frozen cliff and beach. This provides a first step to include Arctic erosion in larger-scale earth system models. Simulated cumulative retreat rates agree within the same order of magnitude as observations.
Ingeborg Bussmann, Irina Fedorova, Bennet Juhls, Pier Paul Overduin, and Matthias Winkel
Biogeosciences, 18, 2047–2061, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2047-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2047-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic rivers, lakes, and bays are affected by a warming climate. We measured the amount and consumption of methane in waters from Siberia under ice cover and in open water. In the lake, methane concentrations under ice cover were much higher than in summer, and methane consumption was highest. The ice cover leads to higher methane concentration under ice. In a warmer Arctic, there will be more time with open water when methane is consumed by bacteria, and less methane will escape into the air.
Sebastian Wetterich, Alexander Kizyakov, Michael Fritz, Juliane Wolter, Gesine Mollenhauer, Hanno Meyer, Matthias Fuchs, Aleksei Aksenov, Heidrun Matthes, Lutz Schirrmeister, and Thomas Opel
The Cryosphere, 14, 4525–4551, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-4525-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-4525-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In the present study, we analysed geochemical and sedimentological properties of relict permafrost and ground ice exposed at the Sobo-Sise Yedoma cliff in the eastern Lena delta in NE Siberia. We obtained insight into permafrost aggradation and degradation over the last approximately 52 000 years and the climatic and morphodynamic controls on regional-scale permafrost dynamics of the central Laptev Sea coastal region.
Arthur Monhonval, Sophie Opfergelt, Elisabeth Mauclet, Benoît Pereira, Aubry Vandeuren, Guido Grosse, Lutz Schirrmeister, Matthias Fuchs, Peter Kuhry, and Jens Strauss
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-359, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-359, 2020
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
With global warming, ice-rich permafrost soils expose organic carbon to microbial degradation and unlock mineral elements as well. Interactions between mineral elements and organic carbon may enhance or mitigate microbial degradation. Here, we provide a large scale ice-rich permafrost mineral concentrations assessment and estimates of mineral element stocks in those deposits. Si is the most abundant mineral element and Fe and Al are present in the same order of magnitude as organic carbon.
Patryk Krauze, Dirk Wagner, Diogo Noses Spinola, and Peter Kühn
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-203, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-203, 2020
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
Soils from the recently deglaciated foreland of the Ecology Glacier, King George Island, were analyzed using soil chemical and microbiological methods to gain insight into the state of soil formation and its interplay with microbial activity. In the foreland of the Ecology Glacier, acidification, soil carbon/nitrogen accumulation, and changes in microbial communities and vegetation were observable on a decadal timescale, whereas weathering processes occur centuries/millenia after deglaciation.
Torben Windirsch, Guido Grosse, Mathias Ulrich, Lutz Schirrmeister, Alexander N. Fedorov, Pavel Y. Konstantinov, Matthias Fuchs, Loeka L. Jongejans, Juliane Wolter, Thomas Opel, and Jens Strauss
Biogeosciences, 17, 3797–3814, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3797-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3797-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
To extend the knowledge on circumpolar deep permafrost carbon storage, we examined two deep permafrost deposit types (Yedoma and alas) in central Yakutia. We found little but partially undecomposed organic carbon as a result of largely changing sedimentation processes. The carbon stock of the examined Yedoma deposits is about 50 % lower than the general Yedoma domain mean, implying a very hetererogeneous Yedoma composition, while the alas is approximately 80 % below the thermokarst deposit mean.
Lutz Schirrmeister, Elisabeth Dietze, Heidrun Matthes, Guido Grosse, Jens Strauss, Sebastian Laboor, Mathias Ulrich, Frank Kienast, and Sebastian Wetterich
E&G Quaternary Sci. J., 69, 33–53, https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-69-33-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-69-33-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Late Pleistocene Yedoma deposits of Siberia and Alaska are prone to degradation with warming temperatures.
Multimodal grain-size distributions of >700 samples indicate varieties of sediment production, transport, and deposition.
These processes were disentangled using robust endmember modeling analysis.
Nine robust grain-size endmembers characterize these deposits.
The data set was finally classified using cluster analysis.
The polygenetic Yedoma origin is proved.
Aurèle Vuillemin, André Friese, Richard Wirth, Jan A. Schuessler, Anja M. Schleicher, Helga Kemnitz, Andreas Lücke, Kohen W. Bauer, Sulung Nomosatryo, Friedhelm von Blanckenburg, Rachel Simister, Luis G. Ordoñez, Daniel Ariztegui, Cynthia Henny, James M. Russell, Satria Bijaksana, Hendrik Vogel, Sean A. Crowe, Jens Kallmeyer, and the Towuti Drilling Project
Science team
Biogeosciences, 17, 1955–1973, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1955-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1955-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Ferruginous lakes experience restricted primary production due to phosphorus trapping by ferric iron oxides under oxic conditions. We report the presence of large crystals of vivianite, a ferrous iron phosphate, in sediments from Lake Towuti, Indonesia. We address processes of P retention linked to diagenesis of iron phases. Vivianite crystals had light Fe2+ isotope signatures and contained mineral inclusions consistent with antecedent processes of microbial sulfate and iron reduction.
Nikita Demidov, Sebastian Wetterich, Sergey Verkulich, Aleksey Ekaykin, Hanno Meyer, Mikhail Anisimov, Lutz Schirrmeister, Vasily Demidov, and Andrew J. Hodson
The Cryosphere, 13, 3155–3169, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3155-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3155-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
As Norwegian geologist Liestøl (1996) recognised,
in connection with formation of pingos there are a great many unsolved questions. Drillings and temperature measurements through the pingo mound and also through the surrounding permafrost are needed before the problems can be better understood. To shed light on pingo formation here we present the results of first drilling of pingo on Spitsbergen together with results of detailed hydrochemical and stable-isotope studies of massive-ice samples.
Thomas Opel, Julian B. Murton, Sebastian Wetterich, Hanno Meyer, Kseniia Ashastina, Frank Günther, Hendrik Grotheer, Gesine Mollenhauer, Petr P. Danilov, Vasily Boeskorov, Grigoriy N. Savvinov, and Lutz Schirrmeister
Clim. Past, 15, 1443–1461, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1443-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1443-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
To reconstruct past winter climate, we studied ice wedges at two sites in the Yana Highlands, interior Yakutia (Russia), the most continental region of the Northern Hemisphere. Our ice wedges of the upper ice complex unit of the Batagay megaslump and a river terrace show much more depleted stable-isotope compositions than other study sites in coastal and central Yakutia, reflecting lower winter temperatures and a higher continentality of the study region during Marine Isotope Stages 3 and 1.
Bennet Juhls, Pier Paul Overduin, Jens Hölemann, Martin Hieronymi, Atsushi Matsuoka, Birgit Heim, and Jürgen Fischer
Biogeosciences, 16, 2693–2713, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2693-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2693-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this article, we present the variability and characteristics of dissolved organic matter at the fluvial–marine transition in the Laptev Sea from a unique dataset collected during 11 Arctic expeditions. We develop a new relationship between dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and coloured dissolved organic matter absorption, which is used to estimate surface water DOC concentration from space. We believe that our findings help current efforts to monitor ongoing changes in the Arctic carbon cycle.
Lars A. Meier, Patryk Krauze, Isabel Prater, Fabian Horn, Carlos E. G. R. Schaefer, Thomas Scholten, Dirk Wagner, Carsten W. Mueller, and Peter Kühn
Biogeosciences, 16, 2481–2499, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2481-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2481-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
James Ross Island offers the opportunity to study the undisturbed interplay of microbial activity and pedogenesis. Soils from two sites representing coastal and inland conditions were chosen and analyzed with a wide range of techniques to describe soil properties. We are able to show that coastal conditions go along with more intense weathering and therefore favor soil formation and that microbial communities are initially more affected by weathering and structure than by chemical parameters.
Franziska Koebsch, Matthias Winkel, Susanne Liebner, Bo Liu, Julia Westphal, Iris Schmiedinger, Alejandro Spitzy, Matthias Gehre, Gerald Jurasinski, Stefan Köhler, Viktoria Unger, Marian Koch, Torsten Sachs, and Michael E. Böttcher
Biogeosciences, 16, 1937–1953, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1937-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1937-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In natural coastal wetlands, high supplies of marine sulfate suppress methane production. We found these natural methane suppression mechanisms to be suspended by humane interference in a brackish wetland. Here, diking and freshwater rewetting had caused an efficient depletion of the sulfate reservoir and opened up favorable conditions for an intensive methane production. Our results demonstrate how human disturbance can turn coastal wetlands into distinct sources of the greenhouse gas methane.
Julia Boike, Jan Nitzbon, Katharina Anders, Mikhail Grigoriev, Dmitry Bolshiyanov, Moritz Langer, Stephan Lange, Niko Bornemann, Anne Morgenstern, Peter Schreiber, Christian Wille, Sarah Chadburn, Isabelle Gouttevin, Eleanor Burke, and Lars Kutzbach
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 261–299, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-261-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-261-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term observational data are available from the Samoylov research site in northern Siberia, where meteorological parameters, energy balance, and subsurface observations have been recorded since 1998. This paper presents the temporal data set produced between 2002 and 2017, explaining the instrumentation, calibration, processing, and data quality control. Furthermore, we present a merged dataset of the parameters, which were measured from 1998 onwards.
David Holl, Christian Wille, Torsten Sachs, Peter Schreiber, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Lutz Beckebanze, Moritz Langer, Julia Boike, Eva-Maria Pfeiffer, Irina Fedorova, Dimitry Y. Bolshianov, Mikhail N. Grigoriev, and Lars Kutzbach
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 221–240, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-221-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-221-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present a multi-annual time series of land–atmosphere carbon dioxide fluxes measured in situ with the eddy covariance technique in the Siberian Arctic. In arctic permafrost regions, climate–carbon feedbacks are amplified. Therefore, increased efforts to better represent these regions in global climate models have been made in recent years. Up to now, the available database of in situ measurements from the Arctic was biased towards Alaska and records from the Eurasian Arctic were scarce.
Xi Wen, Viktoria Unger, Gerald Jurasinski, Franziska Koebsch, Fabian Horn, Gregor Rehder, Torsten Sachs, Dominik Zak, Gunnar Lischeid, Klaus-Holger Knorr, Michael E. Böttcher, Matthias Winkel, Paul L. E. Bodelier, and Susanne Liebner
Biogeosciences, 15, 6519–6536, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6519-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6519-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Rewetting drained peatlands may lead to prolonged emission of the greenhouse gas methane, but the underlying factors are not well described. In this study, we found two rewetted fens with known high methane fluxes had a high ratio of microbial methane producers to methane consumers and a low abundance of methane consumers compared to pristine wetlands. We therefore suggest abundances of methane-cycling microbes as potential indicators for prolonged high methane emissions in rewetted peatlands.
Josefine Walz, Christian Knoblauch, Ronja Tigges, Thomas Opel, Lutz Schirrmeister, and Eva-Maria Pfeiffer
Biogeosciences, 15, 5423–5436, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5423-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5423-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate potential CO2 and CH4 production in degrading ice-rich permafrost in northeastern Siberia, deposited under different climatic conditions. With laboratory incubations, it could be shown that Late Pleistocene yedoma deposits generally produced more CO2 than Holocene deposits. Thus, OM decomposability needs to be interpreted against the paleoenvironmental background. However, OM decomposability cannot be generalized solely based on the stratigraphic position.
Janina G. Stapel, Georg Schwamborn, Lutz Schirrmeister, Brian Horsfield, and Kai Mangelsdorf
Biogeosciences, 15, 1969–1985, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1969-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1969-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Climate warming in the Arctic results in thawing of permafrost deposits. This promotes the accessibility of freeze-locked old organic matter (OM) accumulated during the past. Characterizing OM of different depositional ages, we were able to show that OM from last glacial Yedoma deposits possess the highest potential to provide organic substrates such as acetate for microbial greenhouse gas production and therefore to accelerate the carbon–climate feedback cycle during ongoing global warming.
Julia Boike, Inge Juszak, Stephan Lange, Sarah Chadburn, Eleanor Burke, Pier Paul Overduin, Kurt Roth, Olaf Ippisch, Niko Bornemann, Lielle Stern, Isabelle Gouttevin, Ernst Hauber, and Sebastian Westermann
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 355–390, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-355-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-355-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
A 20-year data record from the Bayelva site at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, is presented on meteorology, energy balance components, surface and subsurface observations. This paper presents the data set, instrumentation, calibration, processing and data quality control. The data show that mean annual, summer and winter soil temperature data from shallow to deeper depths have been warming over the period of record, indicating the degradation and loss of permafrost at this site.
Matthias Fuchs, Guido Grosse, Jens Strauss, Frank Günther, Mikhail Grigoriev, Georgy M. Maximov, and Gustaf Hugelius
Biogeosciences, 15, 953–971, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-953-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-953-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Our paper investigates soil organic carbon and nitrogen in permafrost soils on Sobo-Sise Island and Bykovsky Peninsula in the north of eastern Siberia. We collected and analysed permafrost soil cores and upscaled carbon and nitrogen stocks to landscape level. We found large amounts of carbon and nitrogen stored in these frozen soils, reconstructed sedimentation rates and estimated the potential increase in organic carbon availability if permafrost continues to thaw and active layer deepens.
Robert Bussert, Horst Kämpf, Christina Flechsig, Katja Hesse, Tobias Nickschick, Qi Liu, Josefine Umlauft, Tomáš Vylita, Dirk Wagner, Thomas Wonik, Hortencia Estrella Flores, and Mashal Alawi
Sci. Dril., 23, 13–27, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-23-13-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-23-13-2017, 2017
Kseniia Ashastina, Lutz Schirrmeister, Margret Fuchs, and Frank Kienast
Clim. Past, 13, 795–818, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-795-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-795-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We present the first detailed description and sedimentological analyses of an 80 m permafrost sequence exposed in a mega-thaw slump near Batagay in the Yana Highlands, Russia, and attempt to deduce its genesis. First dating results (14C, OSL) show that the sequence represents a continental climate record spanning from the Middle Pleistocene to the Holocene. We suggest that the characteristics of the studied deposits are a result of various seasonally controlled climatically induced processes.
Sebastian Westermann, Maria Peter, Moritz Langer, Georg Schwamborn, Lutz Schirrmeister, Bernd Etzelmüller, and Julia Boike
The Cryosphere, 11, 1441–1463, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1441-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1441-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We demonstrate a remote-sensing-based scheme estimating the evolution of ground temperature and active layer thickness by means of a ground thermal model. A comparison to in situ observations from the Lena River delta in Siberia indicates that the model is generally capable of reproducing the annual temperature regime and seasonal thawing of the ground. The approach could hence be a first step towards remote detection of ground thermal conditions in permafrost areas.
Thomas Opel, Sebastian Wetterich, Hanno Meyer, Alexander Y. Dereviagin, Margret C. Fuchs, and Lutz Schirrmeister
Clim. Past, 13, 587–611, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-587-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-587-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We studied late Quaternary permafrost at the Oyogos Yar coast (Dmitry Laptev Strait) to reconstruct palaeoclimate and palaeonvironmental conditions in the Northeast Siberian Arctic. Our ice-wedge stable isotope record, combined with data from Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island, indicates coldest winter temperatures during MIS5 and MIS2, warmest conditions during the Holocene, i.e. today, and non-stable winter climate during MIS3. New IRSL ages reveal high climate variability during MIS5.
Lutz Schirrmeister, Georg Schwamborn, Pier Paul Overduin, Jens Strauss, Margret C. Fuchs, Mikhail Grigoriev, Irina Yakshina, Janet Rethemeyer, Elisabeth Dietze, and Sebastian Wetterich
Biogeosciences, 14, 1261–1283, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1261-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1261-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate late Pleistocene permafrost at the Buor Khaya Peninsula (Laptev Sea, Siberia) for cryolithological, geochemical, and geochronological parameters. The sequences were composed of ice-oversaturated silts and fine-grained sands with 0.2 to 24 wt% of organic matter. The deposition was between 54.1 and 9.7 kyr BP. Due to coastal erosion, the biogeochemical signature of the deposits represents the terrestrial end-member, and is related to organic matter deposited in the marine realm.
Heike Hildegard Zimmermann, Elena Raschke, Laura Saskia Epp, Kathleen Rosmarie Stoof-Leichsenring, Georg Schwamborn, Lutz Schirrmeister, Pier Paul Overduin, and Ulrike Herzschuh
Biogeosciences, 14, 575–596, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-575-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-575-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Organic matter stored in permafrost will start decomposing due to climate warming. To better understand its composition in ice-rich Yedoma, we analyzed ancient sedimentary DNA, pollen and non-pollen palynomorphs throughout an 18.9 m long permafrost core. The combination of both proxies allow an interpretation both of regional floristic changes and of the local environmental conditions at the time of deposition.
Juliane Bischoff, Robert B. Sparkes, Ayça Doğrul Selver, Robert G. M. Spencer, Örjan Gustafsson, Igor P. Semiletov, Oleg V. Dudarev, Dirk Wagner, Elizaveta Rivkina, Bart E. van Dongen, and Helen M. Talbot
Biogeosciences, 13, 4899–4914, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4899-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4899-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic contains a large pool of carbon that is vulnerable to warming and can be released by rivers and coastal erosion. We study microbial lipids (BHPs) in permafrost and shelf sediments to trace the source, transport and fate of this carbon. BHPs in permafrost deposits are released to the shelf by rivers and coastal erosion, in contrast to other microbial lipids (GDGTs) that are transported by rivers. Several further analyses are needed to understand the complex East Siberian Shelf system.
James M. Russell, Satria Bijaksana, Hendrik Vogel, Martin Melles, Jens Kallmeyer, Daniel Ariztegui, Sean Crowe, Silvia Fajar, Abdul Hafidz, Doug Haffner, Ascelina Hasberg, Sarah Ivory, Christopher Kelly, John King, Kartika Kirana, Marina Morlock, Anders Noren, Ryan O'Grady, Luis Ordonez, Janelle Stevenson, Thomas von Rintelen, Aurele Vuillemin, Ian Watkinson, Nigel Wattrus, Satrio Wicaksono, Thomas Wonik, Kohen Bauer, Alan Deino, André Friese, Cynthia Henny, Imran, Ristiyanti Marwoto, La Ode Ngkoimani, Sulung Nomosatryo, La Ode Safiuddin, Rachel Simister, and Gerald Tamuntuan
Sci. Dril., 21, 29–40, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-21-29-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-21-29-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The Towuti Drilling Project seeks to understand the long-term environmental and climatic history of the tropical western Pacific and to discover the unique microbes that live in metal-rich sediments. To accomplish these goals, in 2015 we carried out a scientific drilling project on Lake Towuti, located in central Indonesia. We recovered over 1000 m of core, and our deepest core extended 175 m below the lake floor and gives us a complete record of the lake.
Pier Paul Overduin, Sebastian Wetterich, Frank Günther, Mikhail N. Grigoriev, Guido Grosse, Lutz Schirrmeister, Hans-Wolfgang Hubberten, and Aleksandr Makarov
The Cryosphere, 10, 1449–1462, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1449-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1449-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
How fast does permafrost warm up and thaw after it is covered by the sea? Ice-rich permafrost in the Laptev Sea, Siberia, is rapidly eroded by warm air and waves. We used a floating electrical technique to measure the depth of permafrost thaw below the sea, and compared it to 60 years of coastline retreat and permafrost depths from drilling 30 years ago. Thaw is rapid right after flooding of the land and slows over time. The depth of permafrost is related to how fast the coast retreats.
Fabian Beermann, Moritz Langer, Sebastian Wetterich, Jens Strauss, Julia Boike, Claudia Fiencke, Lutz Schirrmeister, Eva-Maria Pfeiffer, and Lars Kutzbach
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2016-117, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2016-117, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
This paper aims to quantify pools of inorganic nitrogen in permafrost soils of arctic Siberia and to estimate annual release rates of this nitrogen due to permafrost thaw. We report for the first time stores of inorganic nitrogen in Siberian permafrost soils. These nitrogen stores are important as permafrost thaw can mobilize substantial amounts of nitrogen, potentially changing the nutrient balance of these soils and representing a significant non-carbon permafrost climate feedback.
H. J. Mills, J. de Leeuw, K.-U. Hinrichs, F. Inagaki, and J. Kallmeyer
Sci. Dril., 20, 59–65, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-20-59-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-20-59-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Proceedings and results are presented from the Seoul 2014 Advancing Subsurface Biosphere and Paleoclimate Research workshop. Participants discussed past and present directions of IODP and ICDP subsurface research, including efforts with DCO and IMPRESS. Discussions led to the formation of a level-based communication system with the goal of improving communication and expectations between all drilling disciplines. The production of a biology-themed handbook to guide surface research is planned.
J. Boike, C. Georgi, G. Kirilin, S. Muster, K. Abramova, I. Fedorova, A. Chetverova, M. Grigoriev, N. Bornemann, and M. Langer
Biogeosciences, 12, 5941–5965, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5941-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5941-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We show that lakes in northern Siberia are very efficient with respect to energy absorption and mixing using measurements as well as numerical modeling. We show that (i) the lakes receive substantial energy for warming from net short-wave radiation; (ii) convective mixing occurs beneath the ice cover, follow beneath the ice cover, following ice break-up, summer, and fall (iii) modeling suggests that the annual mean net heat flux across the bottom sediment boundary is approximately zero.
T. Schneider von Deimling, G. Grosse, J. Strauss, L. Schirrmeister, A. Morgenstern, S. Schaphoff, M. Meinshausen, and J. Boike
Biogeosciences, 12, 3469–3488, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3469-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3469-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We have modelled the carbon release from thawing permafrost soils under various scenarios of future warming. Our results suggests that up to about 140Pg of carbon could be released under strong warming by end of the century. We have shown that abrupt thaw processes under thermokarst lakes can unlock large amounts of perennially frozen carbon stored in deep deposits (which extend many metres into the soil).
T. L. Kieft, T. C. Onstott, L. Ahonen, V. Aloisi, F. S. Colwell, B. Engelen, S. Fendrihan, E. Gaidos, U. Harms, I. Head, J. Kallmeyer, B. Kiel Reese, L.-H. Lin, P. E. Long, D. P. Moser, H. Mills, P. Sar, D. Schulze-Makuch, H. Stan-Lotter, D. Wagner, P.-L. Wang, F. Westall, and M. J. Wilkins
Sci. Dril., 19, 43–53, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-19-43-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-19-43-2015, 2015
J. Strauss, L. Schirrmeister, K. Mangelsdorf, L. Eichhorn, S. Wetterich, and U. Herzschuh
Biogeosciences, 12, 2227–2245, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2227-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2227-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Climatic warming is affecting permafrost, including decomposition of organic matter (OM). However, quantitative data for the quality of OM and its availability for decomposition is limited. We analyzed the quality of OM in late Pleistocene (Yedoma) and Holocene (thermokarst) deposits. A lack of depth trends reveals a constant quality of OM showing that permafrost acts like a freezer, preserving OM quality. This OM will be susceptible to decomposition under climatic warming.
F. Günther, P. P. Overduin, I. A. Yakshina, T. Opel, A. V. Baranskaya, and M. N. Grigoriev
The Cryosphere, 9, 151–178, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-151-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-151-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Coastal erosion rates at Muostakh Island (eastern Siberian Arctic) have doubled, based on remotely sensed observations of land loss, and therefore the island will disappear prematurely. Based on analyses of seasonal variability of permafrost thaw, thermo-erosion increases by 1.2m per year when summer temperatures rise by 1°C. Due to rapid permafrost thaw, the land surface is subsiding up to 11cm per year, based on comparison of elevation changes and active layer thaw depth.
I. Fedorova, A. Chetverova, D. Bolshiyanov, A. Makarov, J. Boike, B. Heim, A. Morgenstern, P. P. Overduin, C. Wegner, V. Kashina, A. Eulenburg, E. Dobrotina, and I. Sidorina
Biogeosciences, 12, 345–363, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-345-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-345-2015, 2015
G. Hugelius, J. Strauss, S. Zubrzycki, J. W. Harden, E. A. G. Schuur, C.-L. Ping, L. Schirrmeister, G. Grosse, G. J. Michaelson, C. D. Koven, J. A. O'Donnell, B. Elberling, U. Mishra, P. Camill, Z. Yu, J. Palmtag, and P. Kuhry
Biogeosciences, 11, 6573–6593, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6573-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6573-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides an updated estimate of organic carbon stored in the northern permafrost region. The study includes estimates for carbon in soils (0 to 3 m depth) and deeper sediments in river deltas and the Yedoma region. We find that field data is still scarce from many regions. Total estimated carbon storage is ~1300 Pg with an uncertainty range of between 1100 and 1500 Pg. Around 800 Pg carbon is perennially frozen, equivalent to all carbon dioxide currently in the Earth's atmosphere.
B. Heim, E. Abramova, R. Doerffer, F. Günther, J. Hölemann, A. Kraberg, H. Lantuit, A. Loginova, F. Martynov, P. P. Overduin, and C. Wegner
Biogeosciences, 11, 4191–4210, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4191-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4191-2014, 2014
G. Schwamborn, H. Meyer, L. Schirrmeister, and G. Fedorov
Clim. Past, 10, 1109–1123, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1109-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1109-2014, 2014
G. Hugelius, J. G. Bockheim, P. Camill, B. Elberling, G. Grosse, J. W. Harden, K. Johnson, T. Jorgenson, C. D. Koven, P. Kuhry, G. Michaelson, U. Mishra, J. Palmtag, C.-L. Ping, J. O'Donnell, L. Schirrmeister, E. A. G. Schuur, Y. Sheng, L. C. Smith, J. Strauss, and Z. Yu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 5, 393–402, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-393-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-393-2013, 2013
G. Schwamborn, L. Schirrmeister, and B. Diekmann
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-6255-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-6255-2013, 2013
Preprint withdrawn
T. Dahm, P. Hrubcová, T. Fischer, J. Horálek, M. Korn, S. Buske, and D. Wagner
Sci. Dril., 16, 93–99, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-16-93-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-16-93-2013, 2013
F. Günther, P. P. Overduin, A. V. Sandakov, G. Grosse, and M. N. Grigoriev
Biogeosciences, 10, 4297–4318, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4297-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4297-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function: Microbial Ecology & Geomicrobiology
Bacteria as paleoenvironmental proxies: the study of a cave Pleistocene profile
The geothermal gradient shapes microbial diversity and processes in natural-gas-bearing sedimentary aquifers
Microbial methane formation in deep aquifers associated with the sediment burial history at a coastal site
Impact of metabolism and temperature on 2H ∕ 1H fractionation in lipids of the marine bacterium Shewanella piezotolerans WP3
Maximum summer temperatures predict the temperature adaptation of Arctic soil bacterial communities
Potential contributions of nitrifiers and denitrifiers to nitrous oxide sources and sinks in China's estuarine and coastal areas
Aqueous system-level processes and prokaryote assemblages in the ferruginous and sulfate-rich bottom waters of a post-mining lake
Abundances and morphotypes of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi in southern Patagonia compared to neighbouring oceans and Northern Hemisphere fjords
Determining the hierarchical order by which the variables of sampling period, dust outbreak occurrence, and sampling location can shape the airborne bacterial communities in the Mediterranean basin
The water column of the Yamal tundra lakes as a microbial filter preventing methane emission
Bioerosion and fungal colonization of the invasive foraminiferan Amphistegina lobifera in a Mediterranean seagrass meadow
Effects of tidal influence on the structure and function of prokaryotic communities in the sediments of a pristine Brazilian mangrove
Deep maxima of phytoplankton biomass, primary production and bacterial production in the Mediterranean Sea
Haplo-diplontic life cycle expands coccolithophore niche
The composition of endolithic communities in gypcrete is determined by the specific microhabitat architecture
Uncovering chemical signatures of salinity gradients through compositional analysis of protein sequences
Cryptic roles of tetrathionate in the sulfur cycle of marine sediments: microbial drivers and indicators
Lake mixing regime selects apparent methane oxidation kinetics of the methanotroph assemblage
The contribution of microbial communities in polymetallic nodules to the diversity of the deep-sea microbiome of the Peru Basin (4130–4198 m depth)
The pH-based ecological coherence of active canonical methanotrophs in paddy soils
Biogeographical distribution of microbial communities along the Rajang River–South China Sea continuum
Cold-water corals and hydrocarbon-rich seepage in Pompeia Province (Gulf of Cádiz) – living on the edge
Ecophysiological characteristics of red, green, and brown strains of the Baltic picocyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. – a laboratory study
Factors controlling the community structure of picoplankton in contrasting marine environments
Community composition and seasonal changes of archaea in coarse and fine air particulate matter
Microbial community structure in the western tropical South Pacific
Ecophysiological characterization of early successional biological soil crusts in heavily human-impacted areas
Soil microbial biomass, activity and community composition along altitudinal gradients in the High Arctic (Billefjorden, Svalbard)
Plant n-alkane production from litterfall altered the diversity and community structure of alkane degrading bacteria in litter layer in lowland subtropical rainforest in Taiwan
Revisiting chlorophyll extraction methods in biological soil crusts – methodology for determination of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll a + b as compared to previous methods
Divergence of dominant factors in soil microbial communities and functions in forest ecosystems along a climatic gradient
Uncovering biological soil crusts: carbon content and structure of intact Arctic, Antarctic and alpine biological soil crusts
Antagonistic effects of drought and sand burial enable the survival of the biocrust moss Bryum argenteum in an arid sandy desert
Microbial methanogenesis in the sulfate-reducing zone of sediments in the Eckernförde Bay, SW Baltic Sea
Ferrihydrite-associated organic matter (OM) stimulates reduction by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and a complex microbial consortia
Effects of temperature on the composition and diversity of bacterial communities in bamboo soils at different elevations
Development of bacterial communities in biological soil crusts along a revegetation chronosequence in the Tengger Desert, northwest China
Viable cold-tolerant iron-reducing microorganisms in geographically diverse subglacial environments
Diversity and mineral substrate preference in endolithic microbial communities from marine intertidal outcrops (Isla de Mona, Puerto Rico)
Archive of bacterial community in anhydrite crystals from a deep-sea basin provides evidence of past oil-spilling in a benthic environment in the Red Sea
Mechanisms of Trichodesmium demise within the New Caledonian lagoon during the VAHINE mesocosm experiment
Microbial co-occurrence patterns in deep Precambrian bedrock fracture fluids
Effect of light on photosynthetic efficiency of sequestered chloroplasts in intertidal benthic foraminifera (Haynesina germanica and Ammonia tepida)
Seasonal and size-dependent variations in the phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing in the southern South China Sea under the influence of the East Asian monsoon
Characterization of active and total fungal communities in the atmosphere over the Amazon rainforest
Responses of soil microbial communities and enzyme activities to nitrogen and phosphorus additions in Chinese fir plantations of subtropical China
Redox regime shifts in microbially mediated biogeochemical cycles
Differences in microbial community composition between injection and production water samples of water flooding petroleum reservoirs
Microbial colonization in diverse surface soil types in Surtsey and diversity analysis of its subsurface microbiota
Diversity and seasonal dynamics of airborne archaea
Catalina Haidău, Ionuț Cornel Mirea, Silviu Constantin, and Oana Teodora Moldovan
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2973, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2973, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Caves help us understand old climates and environments. Bacterial DNA, sediment composition, and dating, were analyzed from 480 cm deep sediments, and we found that their age was old as 74.7 ± 12.3 to 56 ± 8 ka, and some parts of the cave may have experienced changes due to flooding during the Last Glacial Maximum. The bacteria found changed with depth, from soil bacteria to heat-loving sulfur bacteria in the deeper layers, that came from sources like old hot springs or sediment from old lakes.
Taiki Katayama, Hideyoshi Yoshioka, Toshiro Yamanaka, Susumu Sakata, and Yasuaki Hanamura
Biogeosciences, 21, 4273–4283, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4273-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4273-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
To understand microbial processes in deep sedimentary environments where the majority of Earth’s prokaryotes are found, we investigated the microbial communities in microbial natural-gas-bearing aquifers at temperatures of 38–81°C, situated above nonmicrobial oil-bearing sediments. Our results indicate that microbial carbon and sulfur cycling is driven by geothermal heating, showing previously overlooked geothermal-heat-driven geochemical and microbiological processes in the deep biosphere.
Taiki Katayama, Reo Ikawa, Masaru Koshigai, and Susumu Sakata
Biogeosciences, 20, 5199–5210, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5199-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5199-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Methane produced by microorganisms in subsurface environments may account for a large fraction of global natural gas reserves. To understand how microbial methane is produced during sediment burial history, we examined methane-bearing aquifers in which temperature and salinity increase with depth. Geochemical and microbiological analyses showed that microbial methane is produced at depth, where microbial activity is stimulated by the increased temperature, and subsequently migrates upwards.
Xin Chen, Weishu Zhao, Liang Dong, Huahua Jian, Lewen Liang, Jing Wang, and Fengping Wang
Biogeosciences, 20, 1491–1504, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1491-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1491-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Here, we studied the effects of metabolism and growth temperature on 2H/1H fractionation between fatty acids and growth water (εFA/water) by Shewanella piezotolerans WP3. Our results show that the εFA/water values display considerable variations for cultures grown on different substrates. Combined with metabolic model analysis, our results indicate that the central metabolic pathways exert a fundamental effect on the hydrogen isotope composition of lipids in heterotrophs.
Ruud Rijkers, Mark Dekker, Rien Aerts, and James T. Weedon
Biogeosciences, 20, 767–780, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-767-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-767-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Bacterial communities in the soils of the Arctic region decompose soil organic matter to CO2 from a large carbon pool. The amount of CO2 released is likely to increase under future climate conditions. Here, we study how temperature sensitive the growth of soil bacterial communties is for 12 sampling sites in the sub to high Arctic. We show that the optimal growth temperature varies between 23 and 34 °C and is influenced by the summer temperature.
Xiaofeng Dai, Mingming Chen, Xianhui Wan, Ehui Tan, Jialing Zeng, Nengwang Chen, Shuh-Ji Kao, and Yao Zhang
Biogeosciences, 19, 3757–3773, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3757-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3757-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study revealed the distinct distribution patterns of six key microbial functional genes and transcripts related to N2O sources and sinks in four estuaries spanning the Chinese coastline, which were significantly constrained by nitrogen and oxygen concentrations, salinity, temperature, and pH. The community structure of the nosZ clade II was distinctly different from those in the soil and marine OMZs. Denitrification may principally control the N2O emissions patterns across the estuaries.
Daniel A. Petrash, Ingrid M. Steenbergen, Astolfo Valero, Travis B. Meador, Tomáš Pačes, and Christophe Thomazo
Biogeosciences, 19, 1723–1751, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1723-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1723-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We spectroscopically evaluated the gradients of dissolved C, N, S, Fe and Mn in a newly formed redox-stratified lake. The lake features an intermediate redox state between nitrogenous and euxinic conditions that encompasses vigorous open sulfur cycling fuelled by the reducible Fe and Mn stocks of the anoxic sediments. This results in substantial bottom water loads of dissolved iron and sulfate. Observations made in this ecosystem have relevance for deep-time paleoceanographic reconstructions.
Francisco Díaz-Rosas, Catharina Alves-de-Souza, Emilio Alarcón, Eduardo Menschel, Humberto E. González, Rodrigo Torres, and Peter von Dassow
Biogeosciences, 18, 5465–5489, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5465-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5465-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Coccolithophores are important unicellular algae with a calcium carbonate covering that might be affected by ongoing changes in the ocean due to absorption of CO2, warming, and melting of glaciers. We used the southern Patagonian fjords as a natural laboratory, where chemical conditions are naturally highly variable. One variant of a widespread coccolithophore species can tolerate these conditions, suggesting it is highly adaptable, while others were excluded, suggesting they are less adaptable.
Riccardo Rosselli, Maura Fiamma, Massimo Deligios, Gabriella Pintus, Grazia Pellizzaro, Annalisa Canu, Pierpaolo Duce, Andrea Squartini, Rosella Muresu, and Pietro Cappuccinelli
Biogeosciences, 18, 4351–4367, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4351-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4351-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The bacteria carried by winds over the island of Sardinia in the Mediterranean Sea were collected, and their identities were investigated by reading DNA sequences. The sampling period was the factor that most determined the airborne species composition as its role was stronger than that of dust-carrying storms and of the geographical position of the sampling station. The bacteria found when the sampling was performed in September had more species variety than those collected in May.
Alexander Savvichev, Igor Rusanov, Yury Dvornikov, Vitaly Kadnikov, Anna Kallistova, Elena Veslopolova, Antonina Chetverova, Marina Leibman, Pavel A. Sigalevich, Nikolay Pimenov, Nikolai Ravin, and Artem Khomutov
Biogeosciences, 18, 2791–2807, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2791-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2791-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Microbial processes of the methane cycle were studied in four lakes of the central part of the Yamal Peninsula in an area of continuous permafrost: two large, deep lakes and two small and shallow ones. It was found that only small, shallow lakes contributed significantly to the overall diffusive methane emissions from the water surface during the warm summer season. The water column of large, deep lakes on Yamal acted as a microbial filter preventing methane emissions into the atmosphere.
Martin Vohník
Biogeosciences, 18, 2777–2790, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2777-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2777-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Amphistegina lobifera (Foraminifera) has colonized the Mediterranean through the Suez Canal, often forming thick sediments altering the invaded environments. Little is known about postmortem fate of its shells, so I investigated their turnover in the rhizosphere of the dominant Mediterranean seagrass. Most were bioeroded, likely by cyanobacteria and algae but not fungi occurring in the seagrass roots. Bioerosion may counterbalance accumulation of A. lobifera shells in the seabed substrate.
Carolina Oliveira de Santana, Pieter Spealman, Vânia Maria Maciel Melo, David Gresham, Taíse Bomfim de Jesus, and Fabio Alexandre Chinalia
Biogeosciences, 18, 2259–2273, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2259-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2259-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study highlights the influence of
tidal zonationon the prokaryotic sediment communities of a pristine mangrove forest. We observed that the variability in environmental factors between tidal zones results in differences in structure, diversity, and the potential function of prokaryotic populations. This suggests that further work is needed in determining the role tidal microhabitat biodiversity has in mangroves.
Emilio Marañón, France Van Wambeke, Julia Uitz, Emmanuel S. Boss, Céline Dimier, Julie Dinasquet, Anja Engel, Nils Haëntjens, María Pérez-Lorenzo, Vincent Taillandier, and Birthe Zäncker
Biogeosciences, 18, 1749–1767, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1749-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1749-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The concentration of chlorophyll is commonly used as an indicator of the abundance of photosynthetic plankton (phytoplankton) in lakes and oceans. Our study investigates why a deep chlorophyll maximum, located near the bottom of the upper, illuminated layer develops in the Mediterranean Sea. We find that the acclimation of cells to low light is the main mechanism involved and that this deep maximum represents also a maximum in the biomass and carbon fixation activity of phytoplankton.
Joost de Vries, Fanny Monteiro, Glen Wheeler, Alex Poulton, Jelena Godrijan, Federica Cerino, Elisa Malinverno, Gerald Langer, and Colin Brownlee
Biogeosciences, 18, 1161–1184, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1161-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1161-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Coccolithophores are important calcifying phytoplankton with an overlooked life cycle. We compile a global dataset of marine coccolithophore abundance to investigate the environmental characteristics of each life cycle phase. We find that both phases contribute to coccolithophore abundance and that their different environmental preference increases coccolithophore habitat. Accounting for the life cycle of coccolithophores is thus crucial for understanding their ecology and biogeochemical impact.
María Cristina Casero, Victoria Meslier, Jocelyne DiRuggiero, Antonio Quesada, Carmen Ascaso, Octavio Artieda, Tomasz Kowaluk, and Jacek Wierzchos
Biogeosciences, 18, 993–1007, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-993-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-993-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Endolithic microhabitats have been described as the last refuge for life in arid and hyper-arid deserts where life has to deal with harsh environmental conditions, such as those in the Atacama Desert. In this work, three different endolithic microhabitats occurring in gypcrete rocks of the Atacama Desert are characterized, using both microscopy and molecular techniques, to show if the architecture of each microhabitat has an influence on the microbial communities inhabiting each of them.
Jeffrey M. Dick, Miao Yu, and Jingqiang Tan
Biogeosciences, 17, 6145–6162, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6145-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6145-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Many natural environments differ in their range of salt concentration (salinity). We developed a metric for the number of water molecules in formation reactions of different proteins and found that it decreases between freshwater and marine systems and also in laboratory experiments with increasing salinity. These results demonstrate a new type of link between geochemical conditions and the chemical composition of microbial communities that can be useful for models of microbial adaptation.
Subhrangshu Mandal, Sabyasachi Bhattacharya, Chayan Roy, Moidu Jameela Rameez, Jagannath Sarkar, Tarunendu Mapder, Svetlana Fernandes, Aditya Peketi, Aninda Mazumdar, and Wriddhiman Ghosh
Biogeosciences, 17, 4611–4631, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4611-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4611-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Potential roles of polythionates as key sulfur cycle intermediates are less appreciated, apparently because, in most of the natural environments, they do not accumulate to easily detectable levels. Our exploration of the eastern Arabian Sea sediment horizons revealed microbe-mediated production and redox transformations of tetrathionate to be important modules of the in situ sulfur cycle, even as high biotic and abiotic reactivity of this polythionate keeps it hidden from geochemical detection.
Magdalena J. Mayr, Matthias Zimmermann, Jason Dey, Bernhard Wehrli, and Helmut Bürgmann
Biogeosciences, 17, 4247–4259, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4247-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4247-2020, 2020
Massimiliano Molari, Felix Janssen, Tobias R. Vonnahme, Frank Wenzhöfer, and Antje Boetius
Biogeosciences, 17, 3203–3222, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3203-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3203-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Industrial-scale mining of deep-sea polymetallic nodules will remove nodules in large areas of the sea floor. We describe community composition of microbes associated with nodules of the Peru Basin. Our results show that nodules provide a unique ecological niche, playing an important role in shaping the diversity of the benthic deep-sea microbiome and potentially in element fluxes. We believe that our findings are highly relevant to expanding our knowledge of the impact associated with mining.
Jun Zhao, Yuanfeng Cai, and Zhongjun Jia
Biogeosciences, 17, 1451–1462, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1451-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1451-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We show that soil pH is a key factor in selecting distinct phylotypes of methanotrophs in paddy soils. Type II methanotrophs dominated the methane oxidation in low-pH soils, while type I methanotrophs were more active in high-pH soils. This pH-based niche differentiation of active methanotrophs appeared to be independent of nitrogen fertilization, but the inhibition of type II methanotrophic rate in low-pH soils by the fertilization might aggravate the emission of methane from paddy soils.
Edwin Sien Aun Sia, Zhuoyi Zhu, Jing Zhang, Wee Cheah, Shan Jiang, Faddrine Holt Jang, Aazani Mujahid, Fuh-Kwo Shiah, and Moritz Müller
Biogeosciences, 16, 4243–4260, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4243-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4243-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Microbial community composition and diversity in freshwater habitats are much less studied compared to marine and soil communities. This study presents the first assessment of microbial communities of the Rajang River, the longest river in Malaysia, expanding our knowledge of microbial ecology in tropical regions. Areas surrounded by oil palm plantations showed the lowest diversity and other signs of anthropogenic impacts included the presence of CFB groups as well as probable algal blooms.
Blanca Rincón-Tomás, Jan-Peter Duda, Luis Somoza, Francisco Javier González, Dominik Schneider, Teresa Medialdea, Esther Santofimia, Enrique López-Pamo, Pedro Madureira, Michael Hoppert, and Joachim Reitner
Biogeosciences, 16, 1607–1627, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1607-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1607-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Cold-water corals were found at active sites in Pompeia Province (Gulf of Cádiz). Since seeped fluids are harmful for the corals, we approached the environmental conditions that allow corals to colonize carbonates while seepage occurs. As a result, we propose that chemosynthetic microorganisms (i.e. sulfide-oxidizing bacteria and AOM-related microorganisms) play an important role in the colonization of the corals at these sites by feeding on the seeped fluids and avoiding coral damage.
Sylwia Śliwińska-Wilczewska, Agata Cieszyńska, Jakub Maculewicz, and Adam Latała
Biogeosciences, 15, 6257–6276, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6257-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6257-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The present study describes responses of picocyanobacteria (PCY) physiology to different environmental conditions. The cultures were grown under 64 combinations of temperature, irradiance in a photosynthetically active spectrum (PAR), and salinity. The results show that each strain of Baltic Synechococcus sp. behaves differently in respective environmental scenarios. The study develops the knowledge on bloom-forming PCY and reasons further research on the smallest size fraction of phytoplankton.
Jose Luis Otero-Ferrer, Pedro Cermeño, Antonio Bode, Bieito Fernández-Castro, Josep M. Gasol, Xosé Anxelu G. Morán, Emilio Marañon, Victor Moreira-Coello, Marta M. Varela, Marina Villamaña, and Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido
Biogeosciences, 15, 6199–6220, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6199-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6199-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The effect of inorganic nutrients on planktonic assemblages has been traditionally assessed by looking at concentrations rather than fluxes of nutrient supply. However, in near-steady-state systems such as subtropical gyres, nitrate concentrations are kept close to the detection limit due to phytoplankton uptake. Our results, based on direct measurements of nitrate diffusive fluxes, support the key role of nitrate supply in controlling the structure of marine picoplankton communities.
Jörn Wehking, Daniel A. Pickersgill, Robert M. Bowers, David Teschner, Ulrich Pöschl, Janine Fröhlich-Nowoisky, and Viviane R. Després
Biogeosciences, 15, 4205–4214, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4205-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4205-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Archaea as a third domain of life play an important role in soils and marine environments. Although archaea have been found in air as a part of the atmospheric bioaerosol, little is known about their atmospheric dynamics due to their low number and challenging analysis.
Here we present a DNA-based study of airborne archaea, show seasonal dynamics, and discuss anthropogenic influences on the diversity, composition, and abundances of airborne archaea.
Nicholas Bock, France Van Wambeke, Moïra Dion, and Solange Duhamel
Biogeosciences, 15, 3909–3925, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3909-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3909-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We report the distribution of major nano- and pico-plankton groups in the western tropical South Pacific. We found microbial community structure to be typical of highly stratified regions of the open ocean, with significant contributions to total biomass by picophytoeukaryotes, and N2 fixation playing a central role in regulating ecosystem processes. Our results also suggest a reduction in the importance of predation in regulating bacteria populations under nutrient-limited conditions.
Michelle Szyja, Burkhard Büdel, and Claudia Colesie
Biogeosciences, 15, 1919–1931, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1919-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1919-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Ongoing human impact transforms habitats into surfaces lacking higher vegetation. Here, biological soil crusts (BSCs) provide ecosystem services like soil creation and carbon uptake. To understand the functioning of these areas, we examined the physiological capability of early successional BSCs. We found features enabling BSCs to cope with varying climatic stresses. BSCs are important carbon fixers independent of the dominating organism. We provide baseline data for modeling carbon fluxes.
Petr Kotas, Hana Šantrůčková, Josef Elster, and Eva Kaštovská
Biogeosciences, 15, 1879–1894, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1879-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1879-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The soil microbial properties were investigated along altitudinal gradients in the Arctic. Systematic altitudinal shift in MCS resulting in high F / B ratios at the most elevated sites was observed. The changes in composition, size and activity of microbial communities were mainly controlled through the effect of vegetation on edaphic properties and by bedrock chemistry. The upward migration of vegetation due to global warming will likely diminish the spatial variability in microbial properties.
Tung-Yi Huang, Bing-Mu Hsu, Wei-Chun Chao, and Cheng-Wei Fan
Biogeosciences, 15, 1815–1826, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1815-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1815-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The n-alkane in litterfall and the microbial community in litter layer in different habitats of lowland subtropical rainforest were studied. We revealed that the plant vegetation of forest not only dominated the n-alkane input of habitats but also governed the diversity of microbial community of litter layer. In this study, we found that the habitat which had high n-alkane input induced a shift of relative abundance toward phylum of Actinobacteria and the growth of alkB gene contained bacteria.
Jennifer Caesar, Alexandra Tamm, Nina Ruckteschler, Anna Lena Leifke, and Bettina Weber
Biogeosciences, 15, 1415–1424, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1415-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1415-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In our study we analyzed the efficiency of different chlorophyll extraction solvents and investigated the effect of different preparatory steps to determine the optimal extraction method for biological soil crusts. Based on our results we confirm a DMSO-based chlorophyll extraction method without grinding pretreatment and suggest to insert an intermediate shaking step for complete chlorophyll extraction.
Zhiwei Xu, Guirui Yu, Xinyu Zhang, Nianpeng He, Qiufeng Wang, Shengzhong Wang, Xiaofeng Xu, Ruili Wang, and Ning Zhao
Biogeosciences, 15, 1217–1228, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1217-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1217-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Forest types with specific soil conditions supported the development of distinct soil microbial communities with variable functions. Our results indicate that the main controls on soil microbes and functions vary across forest ecosystems in different climatic zones. This information will add value to the modeling of microbial processes and will contribute to carbon cycling on a large scale.
Patrick Jung, Laura Briegel-Williams, Anika Simon, Anne Thyssen, and Burkhard Büdel
Biogeosciences, 15, 1149–1160, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1149-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1149-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic, Antarctic and alpine biological soil crusts (BSCs) are formed by adhesion of soil particles to cyanobacteria. BSCs influence ecosystems services like soil erodibility and chemical cycles. In cold environments degradation rates are low and BSCs increase soil organic carbon through photosynthesis, whereby these soils are considered as CO2 sinks. This work provides a novel method to visualize BSCs with a focus on cyanobacteria and their contribution to soil organic carbon.
Rongliang Jia, Yun Zhao, Yanhong Gao, Rong Hui, Haotian Yang, Zenru Wang, and Yixuan Li
Biogeosciences, 15, 1161–1172, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1161-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1161-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Why can biocrust moss survive and flourish in these habitats when stressed simultaneously by drought and sand burial? A field experiment was conducted to assess the combined effects of the two stressors on Bryum argenteum within biocrust. The two stressors did not exacerbate the single negative effects; their mutually antagonistic effect on the physiological vigor of B. argenteum was found, and it provided an opportunity for it to overcome the two co-occurring stressors in arid sandy ecosystems.
Johanna Maltby, Lea Steinle, Carolin R. Löscher, Hermann W. Bange, Martin A. Fischer, Mark Schmidt, and Tina Treude
Biogeosciences, 15, 137–157, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-137-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-137-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The activity and environmental controls of methanogenesis (MG) within the sulfate-reducing zone (0–30 cm below the seafloor) were investigated in organic-rich sediments of the seasonally hypoxic Eckernförde Bay, SW Baltic Sea. MG activity was mostly linked to non-competitive substrates. The major controls identified were organic matter availability, C / N, temperature, and O2 in the water column, revealing higher rates in warm, stratified, hypoxic seasons compared to colder, oxygenated seasons.
Rebecca Elizabeth Cooper, Karin Eusterhues, Carl-Eric Wegner, Kai Uwe Totsche, and Kirsten Küsel
Biogeosciences, 14, 5171–5188, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5171-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5171-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we show increasing organic matter (OM) content on ferrihydrite surfaces enhances Fe reduction by the model Fe reducer S. oneidensis and a microbial consortia extracted from peat. Similarities in reduction rates between S. oneidensis and the consortia suggest electron shuttling dominates in OM-rich soils. Community profile analyses showed enrichment of fermenters with pure ferrihydrite, whereas OM–mineral complexes favored enrichment of Fe-reducing Desulfobacteria and Pelosinus sp.
Yu-Te Lin, Zhongjun Jia, Dongmei Wang, and Chih-Yu Chiu
Biogeosciences, 14, 4879–4889, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4879-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4879-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluated the bacterial composition and diversity of bamboo soils sampled at different elevations and incubated at different temperatures. Soil respiration was greater at higher elevation and temperature. Soil bacterial structure and diversity showed variable under different incubation times and temperatures. Increases in temperature increased soil respiration and consumption of soil soluble carbon and nitrogen, thus influencing the bacterial diversity and structure at different elevations.
Lichao Liu, Yubing Liu, Peng Zhang, Guang Song, Rong Hui, Zengru Wang, and Jin Wang
Biogeosciences, 14, 3801–3814, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3801-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3801-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the development process of bacterial community structure of biological soil crusts (BSCs) along a revegetation chronosequence by Illumina MiSeq sequencing in the Tengger Desert. Our results indicated (1) a shift of bacterial composition related to their function in the crust development process; (2) bacterial diversity and richness consistent with the recovery phase of soil properties; and (3) bacteria as key contributors to the BSC succession process.
Sophie L. Nixon, Jon P. Telling, Jemma L. Wadham, and Charles S. Cockell
Biogeosciences, 14, 1445–1455, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1445-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1445-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Despite their permanently cold and dark characteristics, subglacial environments (glacier ice–sediment interface) are known to harbour active microbial communities. However, the role of microbial iron cycling in these environments is poorly understood. Here we show that subglacial sediments harbour active iron-reducing microorganisms, and they appear to be cold-adapted. These results may have important implications for global biogeochemical iron cycling and export to marine ecosystems.
Estelle Couradeau, Daniel Roush, Brandon Scott Guida, and Ferran Garcia-Pichel
Biogeosciences, 14, 311–324, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-311-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-311-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Endoliths are a prominent bioerosive component of intertidal marine habitats, traditionally thought to be formed by a few cyanobacteria, algae and fungi. Using molecular techniques, however, we found that endoliths from Mona Island, Puerto Rico, were of high diversity, well beyond that reported in traditional studies. We also found evidence for substrate specialization, in that closely related cyanobacteria seem to have diversified to specialize recurrently to excavate various mineral substrates
Yong Wang, Tie Gang Li, Meng Ying Wang, Qi Liang Lai, Jiang Tao Li, Zhao Ming Gao, Zong Ze Shao, and Pei-Yuan Qian
Biogeosciences, 13, 6405–6417, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6405-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6405-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Mild eruption of hydrothermal solutions on deep-sea benthic floor can produce anhydrite crystal layers, where microbes are trapped and preserved for a long period of time. These embedded original inhabitants will be biomarkers for the environment when the hydrothermal eruption occurred. This study discovered a thick anhydrite layer in a deep-sea brine pool in the Red Sea. Oil-degrading bacteria were revealed in the crystals with genomic and microscopic evidence.
Dina Spungin, Ulrike Pfreundt, Hugo Berthelot, Sophie Bonnet, Dina AlRoumi, Frank Natale, Wolfgang R. Hess, Kay D. Bidle, and Ilana Berman-Frank
Biogeosciences, 13, 4187–4203, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4187-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4187-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium spp. forms massive blooms important to carbon and nitrogen cycling in the oceans that often collapse abruptly. We investigated a Trichodesmium bloom in the lagoon waters of New Caledonia to specifically elucidate the cellular processes mediating the bloom decline. We demonstrate physiological, biochemical, and genetic evidence for nutrient and oxidative stress that induced a genetically controlled programmed cell death (PCD) pathway leading to bloom demise.
Lotta Purkamo, Malin Bomberg, Riikka Kietäväinen, Heikki Salavirta, Mari Nyyssönen, Maija Nuppunen-Puputti, Lasse Ahonen, Ilmo Kukkonen, and Merja Itävaara
Biogeosciences, 13, 3091–3108, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3091-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3091-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The microbial communities of up to 2.3 km depth of Precambrian crystalline bedrock fractures share features with serpenization-driven microbial communities in alkaline springs and subsurface aquifers. This study suggests that phylotypes belonging to Burkholderiales and Clostridia are possible "keystone microbial species" in Outokumpu deep biosphere. Many of the keystone species belong to the rare biosphere with low abundance but a wide range of carbon substrates and a capacity for H2 oxidation.
Thierry Jauffrais, Bruno Jesus, Edouard Metzger, Jean-Luc Mouget, Frans Jorissen, and Emmanuelle Geslin
Biogeosciences, 13, 2715–2726, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2715-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2715-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Some benthic foraminifera can incorporate chloroplasts from microalgae. We investigated chloroplast functionality of two benthic foraminifera (Haynesina germanica & Ammonia tepida) exposed to different light levels. Only H. germanica was capable of using the kleptoplasts, showing net oxygen production. Chloroplast functionality time was longer in darkness (2 weeks) than at high light (1 week). Kleptoplasts are unlikely to be completely functional, thus requiring continuous chloroplast resupply.
L. Zhou, Y. Tan, L. Huang, Z. Hu, and Z. Ke
Biogeosciences, 12, 6809–6822, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6809-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6809-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We observed that phytoplankton biomass and growth rate (μ), microzooplankton grazing rate (m), and coupling (correlation) between the μ and m significantly varied between the summer and winter, and microzooplankton selectively grazed more on the larger-sized phytoplankton, and a low grazing impact on phytoplankton (m/μ < 50%) in the SSCS. The salient seasonal variations in μ and m, and their coupling were closely related to environmental variables under the influence of the East Asian monsoon.
A. M. Womack, P. E. Artaxo, F. Y. Ishida, R. C. Mueller, S. R. Saleska, K. T. Wiedemann, B. J. M. Bohannan, and J. L. Green
Biogeosciences, 12, 6337–6349, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6337-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6337-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Fungi in the atmosphere can affect precipitation by nucleating the formation of clouds and ice. This process is important over the Amazon rainforest where precipitation is limited by the types and amount of airborne particles. We found that the total and metabolically active fungi communities were dominated by different taxonomic groups, and the active community unexpectedly contained many lichen fungi, which are effective at nucleating ice.
W. Y. Dong, X. Y. Zhang, X. Y. Liu, X. L. Fu, F. S. Chen, H. M. Wang, X. M. Sun, and X. F. Wen
Biogeosciences, 12, 5537–5546, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5537-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5537-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We examined how N and P addition influenced soil microbial community composition and enzyme activities in subtropical China. The results showed that C and N cycling enzymes were more sensitive to nutrient additions than P cycling enzymes and Gram-positive bacteria were most closely related to soil nutrient cycling enzymes. Combined additions of N and P fertilizer are recommended to promote soil fertility and microbial activity in this kind of plantation.
T. Bush, I. B. Butler, A. Free, and R. J. Allen
Biogeosciences, 12, 3713–3724, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3713-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3713-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Despite their global importance, redox reactions mediated by microorganisms are often crudely represented in biogeochemical models. We show that including the dynamics of microbial growth in such a model can cause sudden shifts between redox states in response to an environmental change. We identify the conditions required for these redox regime shifts, and predict that they are likely in the modern day sulfur and nitrogen cycles, and potentially the iron cycle in the ancient ocean.
P. K. Gao, G. Q. Li, H. M. Tian, Y. S. Wang, H. W. Sun, and T. Ma
Biogeosciences, 12, 3403–3414, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3403-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3403-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Microbial communities in injected water are expected to have a significant influence on those of reservoir strata in long-term water-flooding petroleum reservoirs. We thereby investigated the similarities and differences in microbial communities in water samples collected from the wellhead and downhole of injection wells, and from production wells in a homogeneous reservoir and a heterogeneous reservoir using high-throughput sequencing.
V. Marteinsson, A. Klonowski, E. Reynisson, P. Vannier, B. D. Sigurdsson, and M. Ólafsson
Biogeosciences, 12, 1191–1203, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1191-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1191-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Colonization of life on Surtsey has been observed systematically since the formation of the island. Microbial colonization and the influence of associate vegetation and birds on viable counts of environmental bacteria at the surface of the Surtsey was explored for the first time in diverse surface soils. Also, hot subsurface samples deep in the centre of this volcanic island were collected. Both uncultivated bacteria and archaea were found in the subsurface samples collected below 145 m.
J. Fröhlich-Nowoisky, C. Ruzene Nespoli, D. A. Pickersgill, P. E. Galand, I. Müller-Germann, T. Nunes, J. Gomes Cardoso, S. M. Almeida, C. Pio, M. O. Andreae, R. Conrad, U. Pöschl, and V. R. Després
Biogeosciences, 11, 6067–6079, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6067-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6067-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
We have investigated the presence of archaea as well as their amoA gene diversity in aerosol particles collected over 1 year in central Europe and found that, within the 16S and amoA gene, Thaumarchaeota prevail and experience a diversity peak in fall, while only few Euryarchaeota were detected primarily in spring. We also compared the results with airborne archaea from Cape Verde and observe that the proportions of Euryarchaeota seem to be enhanced in coastal air compared to continental air.
Cited articles
Allison, S. D., McGuire, K. L., and Treseder, K. K.: Resistance of microbial
and soil properties to warming treatment seven years after boreal fire, Soil
Biol. Biochem., 42, 1872–1878, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.07.011, 2010.
Bischoff, J., Mangelsdorf, K., Gattinger, A., Schloter, M., Kurchatova, A.
N., Herzschuh, U., and Wagner, D.: Response of methanogenic archaea to Late
Pleistocene and Holocene climate changes in the Siberian Arctic, Global
Biogeochem. Cy., 27, 305–317, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004238, 2013.
Biskaborn, B. K., Smith, S. L., Noetzli, J., Matthes, H., Vieira, G.,
Streletskiy, D. A., Schoeneich, P., Romanovsky, V. E., Lewkowicz, A. G.,
Abramov, A., Allard, M., Boike, J., Cable, W. L., Christiansen, H. H.,
Delaloye, R., Diekmann, B., Drozdov, D., Etzelmüller, B., Grosse, G.,
Guglielmin, M., Ingeman-Nielsen, T., Isaksen, K., Ishikawa, M., Johansson,
M., Johannsson, H., Joo, A., Kaverin, D., Kholodov, A., Konstantinov, P.,
Kröger, T., Lambiel, C., Lanckman, J.-P., Luo, D., Malkova, G.,
Meiklejohn, I., Moskalenko, N., Oliva, M., Phillips, M., Ramos, M., Sannel,
A. B. K., Sergeev, D., Seybold, C., Skryabin, P., Vasiliev, A., Wu, Q.,
Yoshikawa, K., Zheleznyak, M., and Lantuit, H.: Permafrost is warming at a
global scale, Nat. Commun., 10, 264, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-08240-4,
2019.
Bolger, A. M., Lohse, M., and Usadel, B.: Trimmomatic: A flexible trimmer for
Illumina sequence data, Bioinformatics, 30, 2114–2120,
https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu170, 2014.
Boschker, H. T. S. and Middelburg, J. J.: Stable isotopes and biomarkers in
microbial ecology, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 40, 85–95,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2002.tb00940.x, 2002.
Boss, C. B. and Frieden, K. J.: Concepts, instrumentation, and techniques in
inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, Handbook
Perkin-Elmer, Perkin- Elmer Corporation, USA, 1989.
Bottos, E. M., Kennedy, D. W., Romero, E. B., Fansler, S. J., Brown, J. M.,
Bramer, L. M., Chu, R. K., Tfaily, M. M., Jansson, J. K., and Stegen, J. C.:
Dispersal limitation and thermodynamic constraints govern spatial structure
of permafrost microbial communities, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 94, 1–48,
https://doi.org/10.1101/265132, 2018.
Brown, J., Ferrians, Jr, O. J., Heginbottom, J. A., and Melnikov, E.:
Circum-Arctic map of permafrost and ground-ice conditions, US Geological
Survey, Washington DC., 1997.
Brown, J., Ferrians Jr., O. J., Heginbottom, J. A., and Melnikov, E. S.:
Circum-Arctic Map of Permafrost and Ground-Ice Conditions, Version 2, Natl.
Snow and Ice Data Cent., Boulder, Colo., 2002.
Caporaso, J. G., Kuczynski, J., Stombaugh, J., Bittinger, K., Bushman, F.
D., Costello, E. K., Fierer, N., Peña, A. G., Goodrich, J. K., Gordon,
J. I., Huttley, G. a, Kelley, S. T., Knights, D., Koenig, J. E., Ley, R. E.,
Lozupone, C. a, Mcdonald, D., Muegge, B. D., Pirrung, M., Reeder, J.,
Sevinsky, J. R., Turnbaugh, P. J., Walters, W. a, Widmann, J., Yatsunenko,
T., Zaneveld, J., and Knight, R.: QIIME allows analysis of high- throughput
community sequencing data, Nat. Methods, 7, 335–336,
https://doi.org//10.1038/nmeth.f.303, 2010.
Ciobanu, M.-C., Rabineau, M., Droz, L., Révillon, S., Ghiglione, J.-F., Dennielou, B., Jorry, S.-J., Kallmeyer, J., Etoubleau, J., Pignet, P., Crassous, P., Vandenabeele-Trambouze, O., Laugier, J., Guégan, M., Godfroy, A., and Alain, K.: Sedimentological imprint on subseafloor microbial communities in Western Mediterranean Sea Quaternary sediments, Biogeosciences, 9, 3491–3512, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3491-2012, 2012.
Coolen, M. J. L. and Orsi, W. D.: The transcriptional response of microbial
communities in thawing Alaskan permafrost soils, Front. Microbiol., 6,
1–14, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00197, 2015.
DeAngelis, K. M., Pold, G., Topçuoglu, B. D., van Diepen, L. T. a.,
Varney, R. M., Blanchard, J. L., Melillo, J., and Frey, S. D.: Long-term
forest soil warming alters microbial communities in temperate forest soils,
Front. Microbiol., 6, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00104, 2015.
Fierer, N. and Jackson, R. B.: The diversity and biogeography of soil
bacterial communities, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 103, 626–631,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507535103, 2006.
Fischer, H., Wanner, S. C., and Pusch, M.: Bacterial abundance and production
in river sediments as related to the biochemical composition of particulate
organic matter (POM), Biogeochemistry, 61, 37–55,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020298907014, 2002.
Fritz, M., Vonk, J. E., and Lantuit, H.: Collapsing Arctic coastlines, Nat.
Clim. Change, 7, 6–7, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3188, 2017.
Galinski, E. A.: Osmoadaptation in Bacteria, Adv. Microb. Physiol., 37,
273–328, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2911(08)60148-4, 1995.
German Research Centre for Geosciences: Submarine permafrost, NCBI, available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA352907 (last
access: 24 September 2019), 2016.
Gilichinsky, D., Vishnivetskaya, T., Petrova, M., Spirina, E., Mamykin, V.,
and Rivkina, E.: Bacteria in permafrost, in Psychrophiles: From Biodiversity
to Biotechnology, edited by: Margesin, R., 83–102, Springer-Verlag,
Berlin Heidelberg, 2008.
Glass, J. B., Ranjan, P., Kretz, C. B., Nunn, B. L., Johnson, A. M.,
McManus, J., and Stewart, F. J.: Adaptations of Atribacteria to life in
methane hydrates: hot traits for cold life, bioRxiv, 536078,
https://doi.org/10.1101/536078, 2019.
Graham, D. E., Wallenstein, M. D., Vishnivetskaya, T. A., Waldrop, M. P.,
Phelps, T. J., Pfiffner, S. M., Onstott, T. C., Whyte, L. G., Rivkina, E.
M., Gilichinsky, D. A., Elias, D. A., MacKelprang, R., Verberkmoes, N. C.,
Hettich, R. L., Wagner, D., Wullschleger, S. D., and Jansson, J. K.: Microbes
in thawing permafrost: The unknown variable in the climate change equation,
ISME J., 6, 709–712, https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2011.163, 2012.
Grigoriev, M. N.: Kriomorphogenez i litodinamika pribrezhno-shelfovoi zony
morei Vostochnoi Sibiri (Cryomorphogenesis and lithodynamics of the East
Siberian near-shore shelf zone), Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian
Branch, Yakutsk, 2008 (in Russian).
Günther, F., Overduin, P. P., Sandakov, A. V., Grosse, G., and Grigoriev, M. N.: Short- and long-term thermo-erosion of ice-rich permafrost coasts in the Laptev Sea region, Biogeosciences, 10, 4297–4318, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4297-2013, 2013.
Hammer, Ø., Harper, D. A. T., and Ryan, P. D.: Paleontological Statistics
Software: Package for Education and Data Analysis, Palaeontol. Electron.,
4, 1–9, 2001.
Hubberten, H. W., Andreev, A., Astakhov, V. I., Demidov, I., Dowdeswell, J.
A., Henriksen, M., Hjort, C., Houmark-Nielsen, M., Jakobsson, M., Kuzmina,
S., Larsen, E., Lunkka, J. P., Lyså, A., Mangerud, J., Möller, P.,
Saarnisto, M., Schirrmeister, L., Sher, A. V., Siegert, C., Siegert, M. J.,
and Svendsen, J. I.: The periglacial climate and environment in northern
Eurasia during the Last Glaciation, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 23, 1333–1357,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.12.012, 2004.
Hultman, J., Waldrop, M. P., Mackelprang, R., David, M. M., McFarland, J.,
Blazewicz, S. J., Harden, J., Turetsky, M. R., McGuire, A. D., Shah, M. B.,
VerBerkmoes, N. C., Lee, L. H., Mavrommatis, K., and Jansson, J. K.:
Multi-omics of permafrost, active layer and thermokarst bog soil
microbiomes, Nature, 521, 208–212, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14238, 2015.
Inagaki, F. and Nealson, K. H.: The Paleome: Letters from ancient earth, in
Past and Present Water Column Anoxia, Kluwer Academic
Publishers, Dordrecht, 21–39, 2006.
Inagaki, F., Hinrichs, K.-U., Kubo, Y., Bowles, M. W., Heuer, V. B., Hong,
W.-L., Hoshino, T., Ijiri, A., Imachi, H., Ito, M., Kaneko, M., Lever, M.
A., Lin, Y.-S., Methé, B. A., Morita, S., Morono, Y., Tanikawa, W.,
Bihan, M., Bowden, S. A., Elvert, M., Glombitza, C., Gross, D., Harrington,
G. J., Hori, T., Li, K., Limmer, D., Liu, C.-H., Murayama, M., Ohkouchi, N.,
Ono, S., Park, Y.-S., Phillips, S. C., Prieto-Mollar, X., Purkey, M.,
Riedinger, N., Sanada, Y., Sauvage, J., Snyder, G., Susilawati, R., Takano,
Y., Tasumi, E., Terada, T., Tomaru, H., Trembath-Reichert, E., Wang, D. T.,
and Yamada, Y.: Exploring deep microbial life in coal-bearing sediment down
to ∼2.5 km below the ocean floor, Science,
349, 420–424, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa6882, 2015.
IPCC in Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of
Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1535, 2013.
Jansson, J. K. and Taş, N.: The microbial ecology of permafrost, Nat.
Rev. Microbiol., 12, 414–425, https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3262, 2014.
Jiang, H., Dong, H., Yu, B., Liu, X., Li, Y., Ji, S., and Zhang, C. L.:
Microbial response to salinity change in Lake Chaka, a hypersaline lake on
Tibetan plateau, Environ. Microbiol., 9, 2603–2621,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01377.x, 2007.
Johnson, S. S., Hebsgaard, M. B., Christensen, T. R., Mastepanov, M.,
Nielsen, R., Munch, K., Brand, T., Gilbert, M. T. P., Zuber, M. T., Bunce,
M., Rønn, R., Gilichinsky, D., Froese, D., and Willerslev, E.: Ancient
bacteria show evidence of DNA repair, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 104,
14401–14405, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0706787104, 2007.
Jørgensen, B. B. and Marshall, I. P. G.: Slow Microbial Life in the
Seabed, Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci., 8, 311–332,
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010814-015535, 2016.
Junge, K., Eicken, H., and Deming, J. W.: Bacterial Activity at -2 to -20
degrees C in Arctic wintertime sea ice., Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 70,
550–557, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.1.550-557.2004, 2004.
Junker, R., Grigoriev, M. N., and Kaul, N.: Non-contact infrared temperature
measurements in dry permafrost boreholes, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
113, B4102, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JB004946, 2008.
Kallmeyer, J.: Detection and Quantification of Microbial Cells in Subsurface
Sediments, 1st ed., Elsevier Inc., 2011.
Kallmeyer, J., Pockalny, R., Adhikari, R. R., Smith, D. C., and D'Hondt, S.:
Global distribution of microbial abundance and biomass in subseafloor
sediment, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 109, 16213–16216, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1203849109, 2012.
Kattsov, V. M., Källén, E., Cattle, H., Christensen, J., Drange, H.,
Hanssen-bauer, I., Jóhannesen, T., Karol, I., Räisänen, J.,
Svensson, G., Chen, D., Polyakov, I., and Rinke, A.: Future Climate Change:
Modeling and Scenarios for the Arctic, in: Arctic Climate Impact Assessment,
99–150, 2005.
Kneier, F., Overduin, P. P., Langer, M., Boike, J., and Grigoriev, M. N.:
Borehole temperature reconstructions reveal differences in past surface
temperature trends for the permafrost in the Laptev Sea region, Russian
Arctic, arktos, 4, 1–17, https://doi.org/10.1007/s41063-018-0041-3, 2018.
Kobabe, S., Wagner, D., and Pfeiffer, E.-M.: Characterisation of microbial
community composition of a Siberian tundra soil by fluorescence in situ
hybridisation, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 50, 13–23,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2004.05.003, 2004.
Koch, K., Knoblauch, C., and Wagner, D.: Methanogenic community composition
and anaerobic carbon turnover in submarine permafrost sediments of the
Siberian Laptev Sea, Environ. Microbiol., 11, 657–668,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01836.x, 2009.
Lantuit, H., Overduin, P. P., Couture, N., Wetterich, S., Aré, F.,
Atkinson, D., Brown, J., Cherkashov, G., Drozdov, D., Donald Forbes, L.,
Graves-Gaylord, A., Grigoriev, M., Hubberten, H. W., Jordan, J., Jorgenson,
T., Ødegård, R. S., Ogorodov, S., Pollard, W. H., Rachold, V.,
Sedenko, S., Solomon, S., Steenhuisen, F., Streletskaya, I., and Vasiliev,
A.: The Arctic Coastal Dynamics Database: A New Classification Scheme and
Statistics on Arctic Permafrost Coastlines, Estuar. Coast., 35,
383–400, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-010-9362-6, 2012.
Larry Lopez, C. M., Brouchkov, A., Nakayama, H., Takakai, F., Fedorov, A. N.,
and Fukuda, M.: Epigenetic salt accumulation and water movement in the
active layer of central Yakutia in eastern Siberia, Hydrol. Process., 21,
103–109, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6224, 2007.
Lauber, C. L., Hamady, M., Knight, R., and Fierer, N.: Pyrosequencing-Based
Assessment of Soil pH as a Predictor of Soil Bacterial Community Structure
at the Continental Scale, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 75, 5111–5120,
https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00335-09, 2009.
Liebner, S., Harder, J., and Wagner, D.: Bacterial diversity and community
structure in polygonal tundra soils from Samoylov Island, Lena Delta,
Siberia, Int. Microbiol., 11, 195–202, https://doi.org/10.2436/20.1501.01.60, 2008.
Liebner, S., Rublack, K., Stuehrmann, T., and Wagner, D.: Diversity of
aerobic methanotrophic bacteria in a permafrost active layer soil of the
Lena Delta, Siberia, Microb. Ecol., 57, 25–35,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-008-9411-x, 2009.
Liebner, S., Ganzert, L., Kiss, A., Yang, S., Wagner, D., and Svenning, M.
M.: Shifts in methanogenic community composition and methane fluxes along
the degradation of discontinuous permafrost, Front. Microbiol., 6,
1–10, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00356, 2015.
Lindström, E. S. and Langenheder, S.: Local and regional factors
influencing bacterial community assembly, Environ. Microbiol. Rep., 4,
1–9, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-2229.2011.00257.x, 2012.
Llobet-Brossa, E., Rossello-Mora, R., and Amann, R.: Microbial Community
Composition of Wadden Sea Sediments as Revealed by Fluorescence In Situ
Hybridization, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 64, 2691–2696, 1998.
Lloyd, K. G., May, M. K., Kevorkian, R. T., and Steen, A. D.: Meta-analysis
of quantification methods shows that archaea and bacteria have similar
abundances in the subseafloor, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 79,
7790–7799, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02090-13, 2013.
Luo, C., Rodriguez-R, L. M., Johnston, E. R., Wu, L., Cheng, L., Xue, K.,
Tu, Q., Deng, Y., He, Z., Shi, J. Z., Yuan, M. M., Sherry, R. A., Li, D.,
Luo, Y., Schuur, E. A. G., Chain, P., Tiedje, J. M., Zhou, J., and
Konstantinidis, K. T.: Soil microbial community responses to a decade of
warming as revealed by comparative metagenomics, Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,
80, 1777–1786, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03712-13, 2014.
Lyra, C., Sinkko, H., Rantanen, M., Paulin, L., and Kotilainen, A.: Sediment
Bacterial Communities Reflect the History of a Sea Basin, edited by:
Slomp, C. P., PLoS One, 8, e54326, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054326, 2013.
Mackelprang, R., Waldrop, M. P., DeAngelis, K. M., David, M. M., Chavarria,
K. L., Blazewicz, S. J., Rubin, E. M., and Jansson, J. K.: Metagenomic
analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to
thaw, Nature, 480, 368–371, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10576, 2011.
Mackelprang, R., Burkert, A., Haw, M., Mahendrarajah, T., Conaway, C. H.,
Douglas, T. A., and Waldrop, M. P.: Microbial survival strategies in ancient
permafrost: Insights from metagenomics, ISME J., 11, 2305–2318,
https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2017.93, 2017.
Martin, M.: Cutadapt removes adapter sequences from high-throughput
sequencing reads, EMBnet. Journal, 17, 10–12, https://doi.org/10.14806/ej.17.1.200,
2011.
Meyer, H., Schönicke, L., Wand, U., Hubberten, H. W., and Friedrichsen,
H.: Isotope studies of hydrogen and oxygen in ground ice – Experiences with
the equilibration technique, Isotopes Environ. Health Stud., 36,
133–149, https://doi.org/10.1080/10256010008032939, 2000.
Meyer, H., Dereviagin, A., Siegert, C., Schirrmeister, L., and Hubberten, H.
W.: Palaeoclimate reconstruction on Big Lyakhovsky Island, North Siberia –
Hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in ice wedges, Permafrost Periglac.,
13, 91–105, https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.416, 2002a.
Meyer, H., Dereviagin, A., Siegert, C., and Hubberten, H.-W.: Paleoclimatic
Studies on Bykovsky Peninsula, North Siberia – Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes
in Ground Ice, Polarforschung, 70, 37–51, 2002b.
Mitzscherling, J., Winkel, M., Winterfeld, M., Horn, F., Yang, S.,
Grigoriev, M. N., Wagner, D., Overduin, P. P., and Liebner, S.: The
development of permafrost bacterial communities under submarine conditions,
J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 122, 1689–1704,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG003859, 2017.
Mitzscherling, J., Horn, F., Winterfeld, M., Mahler, L., Kallmeyer, J., Overduin, P. P., Winkel, M., Grigoriev, M. N., Wagner, D., and Liebner, S.: Pore water chemistry, grain sizes and sediment temperature of 4 sediment cores from submarine permafrost at Mamontov Klyk Cape, Laptev Sea shelf, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.895292, 2018.
Orsi, W. D.: Ecology and evolution of seafloor and subseafloor microbial
communities, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 16, 671–683,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-018-0046-8, 2018.
Orsi, W. D., Coolen, M. J. L., Wuchter, C., He, L., More, K. D., Irigoien,
X., Chust, G., Johnson, C., Hemingway, J. D., Lee, M., Galy, V., and Giosan,
L.: Climate oscillations reflected within the microbiome of Arabian Sea
sediments, Sci. Rep., 7, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05590-9, 2017.
Overduin, P. P.: Russian-German Cooperation SYSTEM LAPTEV SEA: The
expedition COAST I, in Expeditions in Siberia 2005, edited by:
Schirrmeister, L., 1–40, Reports on Polar and Marine Research, 2007.
Overduin, P. P., Rachold, V., and Grigoriev, M. N.: The State of Subsea
Permafrost in the Western Laptev Nearshore Zone, in: Proceedings of the Ninth
International Conference on Permafrost, Faribanks, Alaska, 1345–1350,
2008.
Overduin, P. P., Liebner, S., Knoblauch, C., Günther, F., Wetterich, S.,
Schirrmeister, L., Hubberten, H. W., and Grigoriev, M. N.: Methane oxidation
following submarine permafrost degradation: Measurements from a central
Laptev Sea shelf borehole, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 120,
965–978, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JG002862, 2015.
Parkes, R. J., Sass, H., Cragg, B. A., Webster, G., Roussel, E. G. P., and
Weightman, A. J.: Studies on prokaryotic populations and processes in
subseafloor sediments – an update, in Microbial Life of the Deep Biosphere,
edited by: Kallmeyer, J. and Wagner, D., de Gruyter, Berlin, 1–27, 2014.
Portnov, A., Smith, A. J., Mienert, J., Cherkashov, G., Rekant, P., Semenov,
P., Serov, P., and Vanshtein, B.: Offshore permafrost decay and massive
seabed methane escape in water depths >20 m at the South Kara
Sea shelf, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 3962–3967, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50735,
2013.
Rachold, V., Bolshiyanov, D. Y., Grigoriev, M. N., Hubberten, H.-W., Junker,
R., Kunitsky, V. V., Merker, F., Overduin, P., and Schneider, W.: Nearshore
arctic subsea permafrost in transition, EOS T. Am. Geophys. Un.,
88, 149–150, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007EO130001, 2007.
Radujković, D., Verbruggen, E., Sigurdsson, B. D., Leblans, N. I. W.,
Janssens, I. A., Vicca, S., and Weedon, J. T.: Prolonged exposure does not
increase soil microbial community compositional response to warming along
geothermal gradients, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 94, 1–10,
https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fix174, 2018.
Rath, K. M. and Rousk, J.: Salt effects on the soil microbial decomposer
community and their role in organic carbon cycling?: A review, Soil Biol.
Biochem., 81, 108–123, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.11.001, 2015.
Rietz, D. N. and Haynes, R. J.: Effects of irrigation-induced salinity and
sodicity on soil microbial activity, Soil Biol. Biochem., 35, 845–854,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(03)00125-1, 2003.
Rinnan, R., Michelsen, A., Baath, E., and Jonasson, S.: Fifteen years of
climate change manipulations alter soil microbial communities in a subarctic
heath ecosystem, Glob. Change Biol., 13, 28–39, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01263.x, 2007.
Rivkina, E. M., Friedmann, E. I., and Mckay, C. P.: Metabolic Activity of
Permafrost Bacteria below the Freezing Point, Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,
66, 3230–3233, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.66.8.3230-3233.2000, 2000.
Romanovskii, N. N. and Hubberten, H. W.: Results of permafrost modelling of
the lowlands and shelf of the Laptev Sea Region, Russia, Permafrost Periglac., 12, 191–202, https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.387, 2001.
Romanovskii, N. N., Hubberten, H. W., Gavrilov, A. V, Tumskoy, V. E., and
Kholodov, A. L.: Permafrost of the east Siberian Arctic shelf and coastal
lowlands, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 23, 1359–1369,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.12.014, 2004.
Romanovskii, N. N., Hubberten, H. W., Gavrilov, A. V., Eliseeva, A. A., and
Tipenko, G. S.: Offshore permafrost and gas hydrate stability zone on the
shelf of East Siberian Seas, Geo-Mar. Lett., 25, 167–182,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-004-0198-6, 2005.
Rousk, J., Elyaagubi, F. K., Jones, D. L., and Godbold, D. L.: Bacterial salt
tolerance is unrelated to soil salinity across an arid agroecosystem
salinity gradient, Soil Biol. Biochem., 43, 1881–1887,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.05.007, 2011.
Rui, J., Li, J., Wang, S., An, J., Liu, W., Lin, Q., Yang, Y., He, Z., and
Li, X.: Responses of Bacterial Communities to Simulated Climate Changes in
Alpine Meadow Soil of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,
81, 6070–6077, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00557-15, 2015.
Schimel, J., Balser, T. C., and Wallenstein, M.: Microbial Stress-Response
Physiology and Its Implications for Ecosystem Function, Ecology, 88,
1386–1394, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-0219, 2007.
Schindlbacher, A., Rodler, A., Kuffner, M., Kitzler, B., Sessitsch, A., and
Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S.: Experimental warming effects on the microbial
community of a temperate mountain forest soil, Soil Biol. Biochem., 43,
1417–1425, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.03.005, 2011.
Schmidt, T. M.: Multiplicity of Ribosomal RNA Operons in Prokaryotic
Genomes, in: Bacterial Genomes, Springer US, Boston, MA, 221–229, 1998.
Schuur, E. A. G., Bockheim, J., Canadell, J. G., Euskirchen, E., Field, C.
B., Goryachkin, S. V, Hagemann, S., Kuhry, P., Lafleur, P. M., Lee, H.,
Mazhitova, G., Nelson, F. E., Rinke, A., Romanovsky, V. E., Shiklomanov, N.,
Tarnocai, C., Venevsky, S., Vogel, J. G., and Zimov, S. A.: Vulnerability of
permafrost carbon to climate change: Implications for the global carbon
cycle, Bioscience, 58, 701–714, https://doi.org/10.1641/B580807, 2008.
Schuur, E. A. G., Vogel, J. G., Crummer, K. G., Lee, H., Sickman, J. O., and
Osterkamp, T. E.: The effect of permafrost thaw on old carbon release and
net carbon exchange from tundra, Nature, 459, 556–559,
https://doi.org/10.1038/Nature08031, 2009.
Seto, M. and Yanagiya, K.: Rate of CO2 evolution from soil in relation to
temperature and amount of dissolved organic carbon, Japanese J. Ecol., 33,
199–205, 1983.
Shakhova, N., Semiletov, I., Salyuk, A., Yusupov, V., Kosmach, D., and
Gustafsson, Ö.: Extensive Methane Venting to the Atmosphere from
Sediments of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf, Science, 327,
1246–1250, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1229223, 2010.
Shakhova, N., Semiletov, I., Leifer, I., Sergienko, V., Salyuk, A., Kosmach,
D., Chernykh, D., Stubbs, C., Nicolsky, D., Tumskoy, V., and Gustafsson,
Ö.: Ebullition and storm-induced methane release from the East Siberian
Arctic Shelf, Nat. Geosci., 7, 64–70, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2007, 2014.
Skogland, T., Lomeland, S., and Goksøyr, J.: Respiratory burst after
freezing and thawing of soil: Experiments with soil bacteria, Soil Biol.
Biochem., 20, 851–856, https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(88)90092-2, 1988.
Smolander, A. and Kitunen, V.: Soil microbial activities and characteristics
of dissolved organic C and N in relation to tree species, Soil Biol.
Biochem., 34, 651–660, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(01)00227-9, 2002.
Spencer, R. G. M., Mann, P. J., Dittmar, T., Eglinton, T. I., McIntyre, C.,
Holmes, R. M., Zimoc, N., and Stubbins, A.: Detecting the signature of
permafrost thaw in Arctic rivers, Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 1–6,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063498, 2015.
Starnawski, P., Bataillon, T., Ettema, T. J. G., Jochum, L. M., Schreiber,
L., Chen, X., Lever, M. a., Polz, M. F., Jørgensen, B. B., Schramm, A.,
and Kjeldsen, K. U.: Microbial community assembly and evolution in
subseafloor sediment, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 114, 2940–2945,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1614190114, 2017.
Steven, B., Léveillé, R., Pollard, W. H., and Whyte, L. G.: Microbial
ecology and biodiversity in permafrost, Extremophiles, 10, 259–267,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-006-0506-3, 2006.
Stokstad, E.: Ancient DNA Pulled From Soil, Science, 300,
407–407, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.300.5618.407a, 2003.
Sun, L., Perdue, E. M., Meyer, J. L., and Weis, J.: Use of elemental
composition to predict bioavailability of dissolved organic matter in a
Georgia river, Limnol. Oceanogr., 42, 714–721,
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1997.42.4.0714, 1997.
Svendsen, J. I., Alexanderson, H., Astakhov, V. I., Demidov, I., Dowdeswell,
J. a., Funder, S., Gataullin, V., Henriksen, M., Hjort, C., Houmark-Nielsen,
M., Hubberten, H. W., Ingólfsson, Ó., Jakobsson, M., Kjær, K.
H., Larsen, E., Lokrantz, H., Lunkka, J. P., Lyså, A., Mangerud, J.,
Matiouchkov, A., Murray, A., Möller, P., Niessen, F., Nikolskaya, O.,
Polyak, L., Saarnisto, M., Siegert, C., Siegert, M. J., Spielhagen, R. F.,
and Stein, R.: Late Quaternary ice sheet history of northern Eurasia, Quaternary
Sci. Rev., 23, 1229–1271, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.12.008,
2004.
Tarnocai, C., Canadell, J. G., Schuur, E. A. G., Kuhry, P., Mazhitova, G.,
and Zimov, S.: Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar
permafrost region, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 23, GB2023,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gb003327, 2009.
Taş, N., Prestat, E., Wang, S., Wu, Y., Ulrich, C., Kneafsey, T.,
Tringe, S. G., Torn, M. S., Hubbard, S. S., and Jansson, J. K.: Landscape
topography structures the soil microbiome in arctic polygonal tundra, Nat.
Commun., 9, 777, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03089-z, 2018.
Taylor, J. P., Wilson, B., Mills, M. S., and Burns, R. G.: Comparison of
microbial numbers and enzymatic activities in surface soils and subsoils
using various techniques, Soil Biol. Biochem., 34, 387–401,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(01)00199-7, 2002.
Thornton, B. F., Geibel, M. C., Crill, P. M., Humborg, C., and Mörth, C.
M.: Methane fluxes from the sea to the atmosphere across the Siberian shelf
seas, Geophys. Res. Lett., 43, 5869–5877, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL068977,
2016.
Tuorto, S. J., Darias, P., Mcguinness, L. R., Panikov, N., Zhang, T.,
Häggblom, M. M., and Kerhof, L. J.: Bacterial genome replication at
subzero temperatures in permafrost, ISME J., 8, 139–149,
https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2013.140, 2014.
Vasil'chuk, Y. K.: Reconstruction of the paleoclimate of the Late
Pleistocene and Holocene of the basis of isotope studies of subsurface ice
and waters of the permafrost zone, Water Resour., 17, 640–647, 1991.
Vetter, A., Vieth, A., Mangelsdorf, K., Lerm, S., Alawi, M., Wolfgramm, M.,
Seibt, A., and Wurdemann, H.: Biogeochemical Characterisation of Geothermally
Used Groundwater in Germany, in: Proceedings World Geothermal Congress,
Bali, 1–6, 2010.
Vuillemin, A., Ariztegui, D., Leavitt, P. R., Bunting, L., and the PASADO Science Team: Recording of climate and diagenesis through sedimentary DNA and fossil pigments at Laguna Potrok Aike, Argentina, Biogeosciences, 13, 2475–2492, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2475-2016, 2016.
Vuillemin, A., Ariztegui, D., Horn, F., Kallmeyer, J., Orsi, W. D.,
Anselmetti, F., Corbella, H., Francus, P., Lücke, A., Maidana, N. I.,
Ohlendorf, C., Zolitschka, B., Schabitz, F., and Wastegård, S.: Microbial
community composition along a 50 000-year lacustrine sediment sequence, FEMS
Microbiol. Ecol., 94, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiy029, 2018.
Wagner, D., Gattinger, A., Embacher, A., Pfeiffer, E.-M., Schloter, M., and
Lipski, A.: Methanogenic activity and biomass in Holocene permafrost
deposits of the Lena Delta, Siberian Arctic and its implication for the
global methane budget, Glob. Change Biol., 13, 1089–1099,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01331.x, 2007.
Waldrop, M. P., Wickland, K. P., White, R., Berhe, A. A., Harden, J. W., and
Romanovsky, V. E.: Molecular investigations into a globally important carbon
pool: Permafrost-protected carbon in Alaskan soils, Glob. Change Biol.,
16, 2543–2554, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02141.x, 2010.
Walker, T. W. N., Kaiser, C., Strasser, F., Herbold, C. W., Leblans, N. I.
W., Woebken, D., Janssens, I. A., Sigurdsson, B. D., and Richter, A.:
Microbial temperature sensitivity and biomass change explain soil carbon
loss with warming, Nat. Clim. Chang., 8, 885–889,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0259-x, 2018.
Ward, C. P. and Cory, R. M.: Chemical composition of dissolved organic
matter draining permafrost soils, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 167, 63–79,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.07.001, 2015.
Watanabe, K. and Mizoguchi, M.: Amount of unfrozen water in frozen porous
media saturated with solution, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 34, 103–110,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-232X(01)00063-5, 2002.
Weedon, J. T., Kowalchuk, G. A., Aerts, R., van Hal, J., van Logtestijn, R.,
Taş, N., Röling, W. F. M., and van Bodegom, P. M.: Summer warming
accelerates sub-arctic peatland nitrogen cycling without changing enzyme
pools or microbial community structure, Glob. Change Biol., 18, 138–150,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02548.x, 2012.
Weedon, J. T., Kowalchuk, G. A., Aerts, R., Freriks, S., Röling, W. F.
M., and van Bodegom, P. M.: Compositional stability of the bacterial
community in a climate-sensitive Sub-Arctic Peatland, Front. Microbiol.,
8, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00317, 2017.
Wegner, C., Hölemann, J. A., Dmitrenko, I., Kirillov, S., and Kassens,
H.: Seasonal variations in Arctic sediment dynamics – Evidence from 1-year
records in the Laptev Sea (Siberian Arctic), Global Planet. Change, 48,
126–140, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.12.009, 2005.
Weiss, J.: Ionenchromatographie, 3rd ed., Wiley-VHC, Weinheim, 2001.
Wen, X., Yang, S., Horn, F., Winkel, M., and Wagner, D.: Global Biogeographic
Analysis of Methanogenic Archaea Identifies Community-Shaping Environmental
Factors of Natural Environments, Front. Microbiol., 8, 1339,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01339, 2017.
Wen, X., Unger, V., Jurasinski, G., Koebsch, F., Horn, F., Rehder, G., Sachs, T., Zak, D., Lischeid, G., Knorr, K.-H., Böttcher, M. E., Winkel, M., Bodelier, P. L. E., and Liebner, S.: Predominance of methanogens over methanotrophs in rewetted fens characterized by high methane emissions, Biogeosciences, 15, 6519–6536, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6519-2018, 2018.
Willerslev, E., Hansen, A. J., Rønn, R., Brand, T. B., Barnes, I., Wiuf,
C., Gilichinsky, D., Mitchell, D., and Cooper, A.: Long-term persistence of
bacterial DNA, Curr. Biol., 14, 13–14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2003.12.012,
2004.
Winkel, M., Mitzscherling, J., Overduin, P. P., Horn, F., Winterfeld, M.,
Rijkers, R., Grigoriev, M. N., Knoblauch, C., Mangelsdorf, K., Wagner, D.,
and Liebner, S.: Anaerobic methanotrophic communities thrive in deep
submarine permafrost, Sci. Rep., 8, 1–13,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19505-9, 2018.
Winterfeld, M., Schirrmeister, L., Grigoriev, M. N., Kunitsky, V. V.,
Andreev, A., Murray, A., and Overduin, P. P.: Coastal permafrost landscape
development since the Late Pleistocene in the western Laptev Sea, Siberia,
Boreas, 40, 697–713, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2011.00203.x, 2011.
Xiong, J., Sun, H., Peng, F., Zhang, H., Xue, X., Gibbons, S. M., Gilbert,
J. A., and Chu, H.: Characterizing changes in soil bacterial community
structure in response to short-term warming, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 89,
281–292, https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6941.12289, 2014.
Xu, G., Chen, J., Berninger, F., Pumpanen, J., Bai, J., Yu, L., and Duan, B.:
Labile, recalcitrant, microbial carbon and nitrogen and the microbial
community composition at two Abies faxoniana forest elevations under
elevated temperatures, Soil Biol. Biochem., 91, 1–13,
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SOILBIO.2015.08.016, 2015.
Yergeau, E., Hogues, H., Whyte, L. G., and Greer, C. W.: The functional
potential of high Arctic permafrost revealed by metagenomic sequencing, qPCR
and microarray analyses, ISME J., 4, 1206–1214,
https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2010.41, 2010.
Zhang, J., Kobert, K., Flouri, T., and Stamatakis, A.: PEAR: A fast and
accurate Illumina Paired-End reAd mergeR, Bioinformatics, 30, 614–620,
https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt593, 2014.
Zhang, K., Shi, Y., Jing, X., He, J. S., Sun, R., Yang, Y., Shade, A., and
Chu, H.: Effects of short-term warming and altered precipitation on soil
microbial communities in alpine grassland of the tibetan plateau, Front.
Microbiol., 7, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01032, 2016.
Zhang, T., Barry, R. G., Knowles, K., Ling, F., and Armstrong, R. L.:
Distribution of seasonally and perennially frozen ground in the Northern
Hemisphere, in Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on
Permafrost, edited by A. Phillips, Springman, Permafrost,
Zürich, 1289–1294, 2003.
Zhang, W., Parker, K. M., Luo, Y., Wan, S., Wallace, L. L., and Hu, S.: Soil
microbial responses to experimental warming and clipping in a tallgrass
prairie, Glob. Change Biol., 11, 266–277,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00902.x, 2005.
Zhou, J., Bruns, M. A., and Tiedje, J. M.: DNA recovery from soils of diverse
composition, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 62, 316–322, 1996.
Zimov, S. A., Schuur, E. A., and Chapin 3rd, F. S.: Permafrost and the global
carbon budget, Science, 312, 1612–1613,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1128908, 2006.
Zogg, G. P., Zak, D. R., Ringelberg, D. B., White, D. C., MacDonald, N. W.,
and Pregitzer, K. S.: Compositional and Functional Shifts in Microbial
Communities Due to Soil Warming, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 61, 475–481,
https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1997.03615995006100020015x, 1997.
Short summary
Permafrost temperatures increased substantially at a global scale, potentially altering microbial assemblages involved in carbon mobilization before permafrost thaws. We used Arctic Shelf submarine permafrost as a natural laboratory to investigate the microbial response to long-term permafrost warming. Our work shows that millennia after permafrost warming by > 10 °C, microbial community composition and population size reflect the paleoenvironment rather than a direct effect through warming.
Permafrost temperatures increased substantially at a global scale, potentially altering...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint