Articles | Volume 17, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1701-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1701-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
01 Apr 2020
Research article |
| 01 Apr 2020
| 01 Apr 2020
Biological and biogeochemical methods for estimating bioirrigation: a case study in the Oosterschelde estuary
Emil De Borger
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Marine Biology Research
Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
Department of
Estuarine and Delta Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ), and Utrecht University, Korringaweg 7, P.O. Box
140, 4401 NT Yerseke, the Netherlands
Justin Tiano
Department of
Estuarine and Delta Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ), and Utrecht University, Korringaweg 7, P.O. Box
140, 4401 NT Yerseke, the Netherlands
Marine Biology Research
Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
Ulrike Braeckman
Marine Biology Research
Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
Tom Ysebaert
Department of
Estuarine and Delta Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ), and Utrecht University, Korringaweg 7, P.O. Box
140, 4401 NT Yerseke, the Netherlands
Wageningen Marine Research, Wageningen University & Research,
Wageningen, the Netherlands
Karline Soetaert
Department of
Estuarine and Delta Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ), and Utrecht University, Korringaweg 7, P.O. Box
140, 4401 NT Yerseke, the Netherlands
Marine Biology Research
Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
Related authors
Emil De Borger, Justin Tiano, Ulrike Braeckman, Adriaan D. Rijnsdorp, and Karline Soetaert
Biogeosciences, 18, 2539–2557, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2539-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2539-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Bottom trawling alters benthic mineralization: the recycling of organic material (OM) to free nutrients. To better understand how this occurs, trawling events were added to a model of seafloor OM recycling. Results show that bottom trawling reduces OM and free nutrients in sediments through direct removal thereof and of fauna which transport OM to deeper sediment layers protected from fishing. Our results support temporospatial trawl restrictions to allow key sediment functions to recover.
Marius Buydens, Emil De Borger, Lorenz Meire, Samuel Bodé, Antonio Schirone, Karline Soetaert, Ann Vanreusel, and Ulrike Braeckman
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-102, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-102, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Biogeosciences (BG).
Short summary
Short summary
As the Greenland Ice Sheet retreats, it is important to understand how this impacts the carbon burial in Greenland fjords. By comparing a fjord with marine-terminating glaciers versus one fed by a land-terminating glacier, we see that the productive waters associated to marine-terminating glaciers not necessary lead to enhanced carbon burial. Instead, we highlight the complex interplay of physical, biological, and sedimentary processes that mediate carbon dynamics in these fjords.
Sarah Paradis, Justin Tiano, Emil De Borger, Antonio Pusceddu, Clare Bradshaw, Claudia Ennas, Claudia Morys, and Marija Sciberras
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3547–3563, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3547-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3547-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
DISOM is a database that compiles data of 71 independent studies that assess the effect of demersal fisheries on sedimentological and biogeochemical properties. This database also provides crucial metadata (i.e. environmental and fishing descriptors) needed to understand the effects of demersal fisheries in a global context.
Anna-Selma van der Kaaden, Dick van Oevelen, Christian Mohn, Karline Soetaert, Max Rietkerk, Johan van de Koppel, and Theo Gerkema
Ocean Sci., 20, 569–587, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-569-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-569-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Cold-water corals (CWCs) and tidal waves in the interior of the ocean have been connected in case studies. We demonstrate this connection globally using hydrodynamic simulations and a CWC database. Internal-tide generation shows a similar depth pattern with slope steepness and latitude as CWCs. Our results suggest that internal-tide generation can be a useful predictor of CWC habitat and that current CWC habitats might change following climate-change-related shoaling of internal-tide generation.
Anna-Selma van der Kaaden, Sandra R. Maier, Siluo Chen, Laurence H. De Clippele, Evert de Froe, Theo Gerkema, Johan van de Koppel, Furu Mienis, Christian Mohn, Max Rietkerk, Karline Soetaert, and Dick van Oevelen
Biogeosciences, 21, 973–992, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-973-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-973-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Combining hydrodynamic simulations and annotated videos, we separated which hydrodynamic variables that determine reef cover are engineered by cold-water corals and which are not. Around coral mounds, hydrodynamic zones seem to create a typical reef zonation, restricting corals from moving deeper (the expected response to climate warming). But non-engineered downward velocities in winter (e.g. deep winter mixing) seem more important for coral reef growth than coral engineering.
Caroline Ulses, Claude Estournel, Patrick Marsaleix, Karline Soetaert, Marine Fourrier, Laurent Coppola, Dominique Lefèvre, Franck Touratier, Catherine Goyet, Véronique Guglielmi, Fayçal Kessouri, Pierre Testor, and Xavier Durrieu de Madron
Biogeosciences, 20, 4683–4710, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4683-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4683-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Deep convection plays a key role in the circulation, thermodynamics, and biogeochemical cycles in the Mediterranean Sea, considered to be a hotspot of biodiversity and climate change. In this study, we investigate the seasonal and annual budget of dissolved inorganic carbon in the deep-convection area of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea.
Stanley I. Nmor, Eric Viollier, Lucie Pastor, Bruno Lansard, Christophe Rabouille, and Karline Soetaert
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 7325–7351, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7325-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7325-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The coastal marine environment serves as a transition zone in the land–ocean continuum and is susceptible to episodic phenomena such as flash floods, which cause massive organic matter deposition. Here, we present a model of sediment early diagenesis that explicitly describes this type of deposition while also incorporating unique flood deposit characteristics. This model can be used to investigate the temporal evolution of marine sediments following abrupt changes in environmental conditions.
Justin C. Tiano, Jochen Depestele, Gert Van Hoey, João Fernandes, Pieter van Rijswijk, and Karline Soetaert
Biogeosciences, 19, 2583–2598, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2583-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2583-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study gives an assessment of bottom trawling on physical, chemical, and biological characteristics in a location known for its strong currents and variable habitats. Although trawl gears only removed the top 1 cm of the seabed surface, impacts on reef-building tubeworms significantly decreased carbon and nutrient cycling. Lighter trawls slightly reduced the impact on fauna and nutrients. Tubeworms were strongly linked to biogeochemical and faunal aspects before but not after trawling.
Alice E. Webb, Didier M. de Bakker, Karline Soetaert, Tamara da Costa, Steven M. A. C. van Heuven, Fleur C. van Duyl, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Lennart J. de Nooijer
Biogeosciences, 18, 6501–6516, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6501-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6501-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The biogeochemical behaviour of shallow reef communities is quantified to better understand the impact of habitat degradation and species composition shifts on reef functioning. The reef communities investigated barely support reef functions that are usually ascribed to conventional coral reefs, and the overall biogeochemical behaviour is found to be similar regardless of substrate type. This suggests a decrease in functional diversity which may therefore limit services provided by this reef.
Chiu H. Cheng, Jaco C. de Smit, Greg S. Fivash, Suzanne J. M. H. Hulscher, Bas W. Borsje, and Karline Soetaert
Earth Surf. Dynam., 9, 1335–1346, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-1335-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-1335-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Shells are biogenic particles that are widespread throughout natural sandy environments and can affect the bed roughness and seabed erodibility. As studies are presently lacking, we experimentally measured ripple formation and migration using natural sand with increasing volumes of shell material under unidirectional flow in a racetrack flume. We show that shells expedite the onset of sediment transport, reduce ripple dimensions and slow their migration rate.
Emil De Borger, Justin Tiano, Ulrike Braeckman, Adriaan D. Rijnsdorp, and Karline Soetaert
Biogeosciences, 18, 2539–2557, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2539-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2539-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Bottom trawling alters benthic mineralization: the recycling of organic material (OM) to free nutrients. To better understand how this occurs, trawling events were added to a model of seafloor OM recycling. Results show that bottom trawling reduces OM and free nutrients in sediments through direct removal thereof and of fauna which transport OM to deeper sediment layers protected from fishing. Our results support temporospatial trawl restrictions to allow key sediment functions to recover.
Long Jiang, Theo Gerkema, Jacco C. Kromkamp, Daphne van der Wal, Pedro Manuel Carrasco De La Cruz, and Karline Soetaert
Biogeosciences, 17, 4135–4152, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4135-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4135-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A seaward increasing chlorophyll-a gradient is observed during the spring bloom in a Dutch tidal bay. Biophysical model runs indicate the roles of bivalve grazing and tidal import in shaping the gradient. Five common spatial phytoplankton patterns are summarized in global estuarine–coastal ecosystems: seaward increasing, seaward decreasing, concave with a chlorophyll maximum, weak spatial gradients, and irregular patterns.
Long Jiang, Theo Gerkema, Déborah Idier, Aimée B. A. Slangen, and Karline Soetaert
Ocean Sci., 16, 307–321, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-307-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-307-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A model downscaling approach is used to investigate the effects of sea-level rise (SLR) on local tides. Results indicate that SLR induces larger increases in tidal amplitude and stronger nonlinear tidal distortion in the bay compared to the adjacent shelf sea. SLR can also change shallow-water tidal asymmetry and influence the direction and magnitude of bed-load sediment transport. The model downscaling approach is widely applicable for local SLR projections in estuaries and coastal bays.
Ulrike Braeckman, Felix Janssen, Gaute Lavik, Marcus Elvert, Hannah Marchant, Caroline Buckner, Christina Bienhold, and Frank Wenzhöfer
Biogeosciences, 15, 6537–6557, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6537-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6537-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Global warming has altered Arctic phytoplankton communities, with unknown effects on deep-sea communities that depend strongly on food produced at the surface. We compared the responses of Arctic deep-sea benthos to input of phytodetritus from diatoms and coccolithophorids. Coccolithophorid carbon was 5× less recycled than diatom carbon. The utilization of the coccolithophorid carbon may be less efficient, so a shift from diatom to coccolithophorid blooms could entail a delay in carbon cycling.
Ralf Hoffmann, Ulrike Braeckman, Christiane Hasemann, and Frank Wenzhöfer
Biogeosciences, 15, 4849–4869, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4849-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4849-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Our study links surface sea-ice cover and benthic oxygen fluxes in the Fram Strait via primary production, food supply, benthic community, and their functions. We show that sea-ice cover and water depth are the most important factors influencing the ecosystem. However, in water depths > 1500 m, the effect of sea ice fades out. Further, we discuss primary production and benthic remineralization patterns and developed a potential scenario for the benthic remineralization in a future Arctic Ocean.
Sebastiaan Mestdagh, Leila Bagaço, Ulrike Braeckman, Tom Ysebaert, Bart De Smet, Tom Moens, and Carl Van Colen
Biogeosciences, 15, 2587–2599, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2587-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2587-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We studied how invertebrate communities of mudflats are affected by sudden deposition of sediment. We applied sediment layers of different thickness to mudflat communities and studied how their densities, diversity, and behaviour and the exchange of oxygen between the bottom and the water column changed. We found that some species easily diminish in numbers, while others become more active after deposition. The interaction of all species effects influences the environment, i.e. oxygen exchange.
Tom J. S. Cox, Justus E. E. van Beusekom, and Karline Soetaert
Biogeosciences, 14, 5271–5280, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5271-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5271-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Photosynthesis by phytoplankton is a key source of oxygen (O2) in aquatic systems. We have developed a mathematical technique to calculate the rate of photosynthesis from time series of O2. Additionally, the approach leads to a better understanding of the influence on O2 measurements of the tides in coasts and estuaries. The results are important for correctly interpreting the data that are gathered by a growing set of continuous O2 sensors that are deployed around the world.
H. Brenner, U. Braeckman, M. Le Guitton, and F. J. R. Meysman
Biogeosciences, 13, 841–863, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-841-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-841-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Alkalinity released from sediments of the southern North Sea can play an important role in the carbon cycle of the North Sea by lowering the pCO2 of the seawater and thus increasing the CO2 flux between the atmosphere and the water. However, not every single mole alkalinity generated in sediments leads to an additional CO2 uptake, as certain reactions in the water column can negate the respective alkalinity release.
L. Meire, D. H. Søgaard, J. Mortensen, F. J. R. Meysman, K. Soetaert, K. E. Arendt, T. Juul-Pedersen, M. E. Blicher, and S. Rysgaard
Biogeosciences, 12, 2347–2363, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2347-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2347-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The Greenland Ice Sheet releases large amounts of freshwater, which strongly influences the biogeochemistry of the adjacent fjord systems and continental shelves. Here we present seasonal observations of the carbonate system in the surface waters of a west Greenland tidewater outlet glacier fjord. Our data reveal a permanent undersaturation of CO2 in the surface layer of the entire fjord and adjacent shelf, creating a high annual uptake of 65gCm-2yr-1.
L. Pozzato, D. Van Oevelen, L. Moodley, K. Soetaert, and J. J. Middelburg
Biogeosciences, 10, 6879–6891, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6879-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6879-2013, 2013
L. Meire, K. E. R. Soetaert, and F. J. R. Meysman
Biogeosciences, 10, 2633–2653, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2633-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2633-2013, 2013
A. de Kluijver, K. Soetaert, J. Czerny, K. G. Schulz, T. Boxhammer, U. Riebesell, and J. J. Middelburg
Biogeosciences, 10, 1425–1440, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1425-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1425-2013, 2013
K. Soetaert, D. van Oevelen, and S. Sommer
Biogeosciences, 9, 5341–5352, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-5341-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-5341-2012, 2012
Related subject area
Biogeophysics: Physical - Biological Coupling
Impact of clouds on vegetation albedo quantified by coupling an atmosphere and a vegetation radiative transfer model
Source-to-sink pathways of dissolved organic carbon in the river–estuary–ocean continuum: a modeling investigation
Estimating the variability of deep ocean particle flux collected by sediment traps using satellite data and machine learning
Impact of livestock activity on near-surface ground temperatures in central Mongolian grasslands
Two different phytoplankton blooming mechanisms over the East China Sea during El-Niño decaying summers
Technical note: Investigating saline water uptake by roots using spectral induced polarization
Evolution of biogeochemical Properties Inside Poleward Undercurrent Eddies in the Southeast Pacific Ocean
Impact of canopy environmental variables on the diurnal dynamics of water and carbon dioxide exchange at leaf and canopy level
Unique ocean circulation pathways reshape the Indian Ocean oxygen minimum zone with warming
Contribution of the open ocean to the nutrient and phytoplankton inventory in a semi-enclosed coastal sea
The contrasted phytoplankton dynamics across a frontal system in the southwestern Mediterranean Sea
Sub-frontal niches of plankton communities driven by transport and trophic interactions at ocean fronts
Differential feeding habits of the shallow-water hydrothermal vent crab Xenograpsus testudinatus correlate with their resident vent types at a scale of meters
Satellite data reveal earlier and stronger phytoplankton blooms over fronts in the Gulf Stream region
Assimilation of multiple datasets results in large differences in regional- to global-scale NEE and GPP budgets simulated by a terrestrial biosphere model
Spatiotemporal lagging of predictors improves machine learning estimates of atmosphere–forest CO2 exchange
Phytoplankton reaction to an intense storm in the north-western Mediterranean Sea
Lagrangian and Eulerian time and length scales of mesoscale ocean chlorophyll from Bio-Argo floats and satellites
Reply to Lars Olof Björn's comment on “Fundamental molecules of life are pigments which arose and co-evolved as a response to the thermodynamic imperative of dissipating the prevailing solar spectrum” by Michaelian and Simeonov (2015)
Modelling submerged biofouled microplastics and their vertical trajectories
A Bayesian sequential updating approach to predict phenology of silage maize
Using an oceanographic model to investigate the mystery of the missing puerulus
Climate pathways behind phytoplankton-induced atmospheric warming
Impact of moderately energetic fine-scale dynamics on the phytoplankton community structure in the western Mediterranean Sea
Seasonal ecosystem vulnerability to climatic anomalies in the Mediterranean
Grazing behavior and winter phytoplankton accumulation
Episodic subduction patches in the western North Pacific identified from BGC-Argo float data
Do Loop Current eddies stimulate productivity in the Gulf of Mexico?
Quasi-tropical cyclone caused anomalous autumn coccolithophore bloom in the Black Sea
Divergent climate feedbacks on winter wheat growing and dormancy periods as affected by sowing date in the North China Plain
Microclimatic comparison of lichen heaths and shrubs: shrubification generates atmospheric heating but subsurface cooling during the growing season
Fire and vegetation dynamics in northwest Siberia during the last 60 years based on high-resolution remote sensing
Evidence of eddy-related deep-ocean current variability in the northeast tropical Pacific Ocean induced by remote gap winds
Root uptake under mismatched distributions of water and nutrients in the root zone
Interactive impacts of meteorological and hydrological conditions on the physical and biogeochemical structure of a coastal system
Protists and collembolans alter microbial community composition, C dynamics and soil aggregation in simplified consumer–prey systems
Abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in dusty and nondusty air
Linking tundra vegetation, snow, soil temperature, and permafrost
Drivers of the spatial phytoplankton gradient in estuarine–coastal systems: generic implications of a case study in a Dutch tidal bay
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen and particulate organic nitrogen budget in the Yucatán shelf: driving mechanisms through a physical–biogeochemical coupled model
Basal thermal regime affects the biogeochemistry of subglacial systems
Influence of oceanic conditions in the energy transfer efficiency estimation of a micronekton model
Modulation of the North Atlantic deoxygenation by the slowdown of the nutrient stream
Stand age and species composition effects on surface albedo in a mixedwood boreal forest
Assessing the peatland hummock–hollow classification framework using high-resolution elevation models: implications for appropriate complexity ecosystem modeling
Tidal and seasonal forcing of dissolved nutrient fluxes in reef communities
Ideas and perspectives: Development of nascent autotrophic carbon fixation systems in various redox conditions of the fluid degassing on early Earth
Vertical distribution of chlorophyll in dynamically distinct regions of the southern Bay of Bengal
Remote and local drivers of oxygen and nitrate variability in the shallow oxygen minimum zone off Mauritania in June 2014
Longitudinal contrast in turbulence along a ∼ 19° S section in the Pacific and its consequences for biogeochemical fluxes
Kevin Wolf, Evelyn Jäkel, André Ehrlich, Michael Schäfer, Hannes Feilhauer, Andreas Huth, Alexandra Weigelt, and Manfred Wendisch
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3614, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3614, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper investigates the influence of clouds on the vegetation albedo using a coupled atmosphere-vegetation radiative transfer model. Both models are iteratively linked to more realistically simulate cloud-vegetation-radiation interactions over canopies. Solar, spectral and broadband irradiances have been simulated under varying cloud conditions. The simulated irradiances were used to investigate the spectral and broadband effect of clouds on vegetation albedo.
Jialing Yao, Zhi Chen, Jianzhong Ge, and Wenyan Zhang
Biogeosciences, 21, 5435–5455, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5435-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5435-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The transformation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in estuaries is vital for coastal carbon cycling. We studied source-to-sink pathways of DOC in the Changjiang Estuary using a physics–biogeochemistry model. Results showed a transition of DOC from a sink to a source in the plume area during summer, with a transition from terrestrial-dominant to marine-dominant DOC. Terrigenous and marine DOC exports account for about 31 % and 69 %, respectively.
Théo Picard, Chelsey A. Baker, Jonathan Gula, Ronan Fablet, Laurent Mémery, and Richard Lampitt
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3292, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3292, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean sediment traps measure the sequestrated sinking organic carbon. While sinking, the particles are affected by local currents, which presents a challenge in linking the deep flux with the surface. We present a machine learning tool that predicts the source location of the sinking particles based on satellite data. The predictions demonstrate a stronger correlation between surface and deep carbon fluxes, allowing a more comprehensive understanding of the deep carbon sequestration drivers.
Robin Benjamin Zweigel, Avirmed Dashtseren, Khurelbaatar Temuujin, Anarmaa Sharkhuu, Clare Webster, Hanna Lee, and Sebastian Westermann
Biogeosciences, 21, 5059–5077, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5059-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5059-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Intense grazing at grassland sites removes vegetation, reduces the snow cover, and inhibits litter layers from forming. Grazed sites generally have a larger annual ground surface temperature amplitude than ungrazed sites, but the net effect depends on effects in the transitional seasons. Our results also suggest that seasonal use of pastures can reduce ground temperatures, which can be a strategy to protect currently degrading grassland permafrost.
Dong-Geon Lee, Ji-Hoon Oh, Jonghun Kam, and Jong-Seong Kug
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3406, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3406, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
During El Niño decaying summers, the East China Sea (ECS) experiences intensified phytoplankton blooms. Here, we suggest two different mechanisms. Atmospheric teleconnection induces increased rainfall, which elevates nutrient-rich runoff into the ECS. Additionally, the cyclonic wind patterns promote upwelling, delivering subsurface nutrients to surface waters. These two mechanisms operate concurrently, fueling robust phytoplankton blooms.
Solomon Ehosioke, Sarah Garre, Johan Alexander Huisman, Egon Zimmermann, Mathieu Javaux, and Frederic Nguyen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2628, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2628, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the electrical properties of the primary roots of Brachypodium and Maize plants during the uptake of fresh and saline water using SIP measurements in a frequency range from 1 Hz to 45 kHz. Our results indicate that salinity tolerance varies with the species, and that Maize is more tolerant to salinity than Brachypodium.
Lenna Oriana Ortiz-Castillo, Oscar Pizarro, Marcela Cornejo-D'Ottone, and Boris Dewitte
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1290, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1290, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Poleward undercurrent eddies (Puddies) transport a source water mass with low oxygen hundreds of kilometers away from the coast. A simulation based on a physical-biogeochemical model was used to characterize the biogeochemical average conditions inside the Puddies during their lifetime while modifying the conditions in the open sea. Our findings show that the biological activity extends the low oxygen core conditions counteracted by advection processes that tend to ventilate the core.
Raquel González-Armas, Jordi Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, Mary Rose Mangan, Oscar Hartogensis, and Hugo de Boer
Biogeosciences, 21, 2425–2445, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2425-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2425-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper investigates the water and CO2 exchange for an alfalfa field with observations and a model with spatial scales ranging from the stomata to the atmospheric boundary layer. To relate the environmental factors to the leaf gas exchange, we developed three equations that quantify how many of the temporal changes of the leaf gas exchange occur due to changes in the environmental variables. The novelty of the research resides in the capacity to dissect the dynamics of the leaf gas exchange.
Sam Ditkovsky, Laure Resplandy, and Julius Busecke
Biogeosciences, 20, 4711–4736, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4711-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4711-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The global ocean is losing oxygen due to warming. The Indian Ocean, however, is gaining oxygen in large parts of the basin, and its naturally occurring oxygen minimum zone is not expanding. This rather unexpected response is explained by the unique ocean circulation of the Indian Ocean, which is bounded by a continent to the north but connected to the Pacific Ocean by the Indonesian Throughflow.
Qian Leng, Xinyu Guo, Junying Zhu, and Akihiko Morimoto
Biogeosciences, 20, 4323–4338, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4323-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4323-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Using a numerical model, we revealed that a large proportion of nutrients in a semi-enclosed sea (Seto Inland Sea, Japan) comes from the Pacific Ocean and supports about half of the phytoplankton growth in the sea. Such results imply that the human-made management of nutrient load from land needs to consider the presence of oceanic nutrients, which act as a background concentration and are not controlled by human activities.
Roxane Tzortzis, Andrea M. Doglioli, Monique Messié, Stéphanie Barrillon, Anne A. Petrenko, Lloyd Izard, Yuan Zhao, Francesco d'Ovidio, Franck Dumas, and Gérald Gregori
Biogeosciences, 20, 3491–3508, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3491-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3491-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We studied a finescale frontal structure in order to highlight its influence on the dynamics and distribution of phytoplankton communities. We computed the growth rates of several phytoplankton groups identified by flow cytometry in two water masses separated by the front. We found contrasted phytoplankton dynamics on the two sides of the front, consistent with the distribution of their abundances. Our study gives new insights into the physical and biological coupling on a finescale front.
Inès Mangolte, Marina Lévy, Clément Haëck, and Mark D. Ohman
Biogeosciences, 20, 3273–3299, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3273-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3273-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean fronts are ecological hotspots, associated with higher diversity and biomass for many marine organisms, from bacteria to whales. Using in situ data from the California Current Ecosystem, we show that far from being limited to the production of diatom blooms, fronts are the scene of complex biophysical couplings between biotic interactions (growth, competition, and predation) and transport by currents that generate planktonic communities with an original taxonomic and spatial structure.
Jing-Ying Wu, Siou-Yan Lin, Jung-Fu Huang, Chen-Tung Arthur Chen, Jia-Jang Hung, Shao-Hung Peng, and Li-Lian Liu
Biogeosciences, 20, 2693–2706, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2693-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2693-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The shallow-water hydrothermal vents off the Kueishan Island, Taiwan, have the most extreme records of pH values (1.52), temperatures (116 °C), and H2S concentrations (172.4 mmol mol−1) in the world. White and yellow vents differ in the color and physical and chemical characteristics of emitted plumes. We found that the feeding habits of the endemic vent crabs (Xenograpsus testudinatus) are adapted to their resident vent types at a distance of 100 m, and the trans-vent movement is uncommon.
Clément Haëck, Marina Lévy, Inès Mangolte, and Laurent Bopp
Biogeosciences, 20, 1741–1758, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1741-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1741-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Phytoplankton vary in abundance in the ocean over large regions and with the seasons but also because of small-scale heterogeneities in surface temperature, called fronts. Here, using satellite imagery, we found that fronts enhance phytoplankton much more where it is already growing well, but despite large local increases the enhancement for the region is modest (5 %). We also found that blooms start 1 to 2 weeks earlier over fronts. These effects may have implications for ecosystems.
Cédric Bacour, Natasha MacBean, Frédéric Chevallier, Sébastien Léonard, Ernest N. Koffi, and Philippe Peylin
Biogeosciences, 20, 1089–1111, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1089-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1089-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The impact of assimilating different dataset combinations on regional to global-scale C budgets is explored with the ORCHIDEE model. Assimilating simultaneously multiple datasets is preferable to optimize the values of the model parameters and avoid model overfitting. The challenges in constraining soil C disequilibrium using atmospheric CO2 data are highlighted for an accurate prediction of the land sink distribution.
Matti Kämäräinen, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Markku Kulmala, Ivan Mammarella, Juha Aalto, Henriikka Vekuri, Annalea Lohila, and Anna Lintunen
Biogeosciences, 20, 897–909, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-897-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-897-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we introduce a new method for modeling the exchange of carbon between the atmosphere and a study site located in a boreal forest in southern Finland. Our method yields more accurate results than previous approaches in this context. Accurately estimating carbon exchange is crucial for gaining a better understanding of the role of forests in regulating atmospheric carbon and addressing climate change.
Stéphanie Barrillon, Robin Fuchs, Anne A. Petrenko, Caroline Comby, Anthony Bosse, Christophe Yohia, Jean-Luc Fuda, Nagib Bhairy, Frédéric Cyr, Andrea M. Doglioli, Gérald Grégori, Roxane Tzortzis, Francesco d'Ovidio, and Melilotus Thyssen
Biogeosciences, 20, 141–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-141-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-141-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Extreme weather events can have a major impact on ocean physics and biogeochemistry, but their study is challenging. In May 2019, an intense storm occurred in the north-western Mediterranean Sea, during which in situ multi-platform measurements were performed. The results show a strong impact on the surface phytoplankton, highlighting the need for high-resolution measurements coupling physics and biology during these violent events that may become more common in the context of global change.
Darren C. McKee, Scott C. Doney, Alice Della Penna, Emmanuel S. Boss, Peter Gaube, Michael J. Behrenfeld, and David M. Glover
Biogeosciences, 19, 5927–5952, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5927-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5927-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As phytoplankton (small, drifting photosynthetic organisms) drift with ocean currents, biomass accumulation rates should be evaluated in a Lagrangian (observer moves with a fluid parcel) as opposed to an Eulerian (observer is stationary) framework. Here, we use profiling floats and surface drifters combined with satellite data to analyse time and length scales of chlorophyll concentrations (a proxy for biomass) and of velocity to quantify how phytoplankton variability is related to water motion.
Karo Michaelian and Aleksandar Simeonov
Biogeosciences, 19, 4029–4034, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4029-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4029-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We reply to Lars Björn's critique of our article concerning the importance of photon dissipation to the origin and evolution of the biosphere. Björn doubts our assertion that organic pigments, ecosystems, and the biosphere arose out of a non-equilibrium thermodynamic imperative to increase global photon dissipation. He shows that the albedo of some non-living material is less than that of living material. We point out, however, that photon dissipation involves other factors besides albedo.
Reint Fischer, Delphine Lobelle, Merel Kooi, Albert Koelmans, Victor Onink, Charlotte Laufkötter, Linda Amaral-Zettler, Andrew Yool, and Erik van Sebille
Biogeosciences, 19, 2211–2234, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2211-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2211-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Since current estimates show that only about 1 % of the all plastic that enters the ocean is floating at the surface, we look at subsurface processes that can cause vertical movement of (micro)plastic. We investigate how modelled algal attachment and the ocean's vertical movement can cause particles to sink and oscillate in the open ocean. Particles can sink to depths of > 5000 m in regions with high wind intensity and mainly remain close to the surface with low winds and biological activity.
Michelle Viswanathan, Tobias K. D. Weber, Sebastian Gayler, Juliane Mai, and Thilo Streck
Biogeosciences, 19, 2187–2209, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2187-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2187-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We analysed the evolution of model parameter uncertainty and prediction error as we updated parameters of a maize phenology model based on yearly observations, by sequentially applying Bayesian calibration. Although parameter uncertainty was reduced, prediction quality deteriorated when calibration and prediction data were from different maize ripening groups or temperature conditions. The study highlights that Bayesian methods should account for model limitations and inherent data structures.
Jessica Kolbusz, Tim Langlois, Charitha Pattiaratchi, and Simon de Lestang
Biogeosciences, 19, 517–539, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-517-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-517-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Western rock lobster larvae spend up to 11 months in offshore waters before ocean currents and their ability to swim transport them back to the coast. In 2008, there was a reduction in the number of puerulus (larvae) settling into the fishery. We use an oceanographic model to see how the environment may have contributed to the reduction. Our results show that a combination of effects from local currents and a widespread quiet period in the ocean off WA likely led to less puerulus settlement.
Rémy Asselot, Frank Lunkeit, Philip B. Holden, and Inga Hense
Biogeosciences, 19, 223–239, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-223-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-223-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Previous studies show that phytoplankton light absorption can warm the atmosphere, but how this warming occurs is still unknown. We compare the importance of air–sea heat versus CO2 flux in the phytoplankton-induced atmospheric warming and determine the main driver. To shed light on this research question, we conduct simulations with a climate model of intermediate complexity. We show that phytoplankton mainly warms the atmosphere by increasing the air–sea CO2 flux.
Roxane Tzortzis, Andrea M. Doglioli, Stéphanie Barrillon, Anne A. Petrenko, Francesco d'Ovidio, Lloyd Izard, Melilotus Thyssen, Ananda Pascual, Bàrbara Barceló-Llull, Frédéric Cyr, Marc Tedetti, Nagib Bhairy, Pierre Garreau, Franck Dumas, and Gérald Gregori
Biogeosciences, 18, 6455–6477, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6455-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6455-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This work analyzes an original high-resolution data set collected in the Mediterranean Sea. The major result is the impact of a fine-scale frontal structure on the distribution of phytoplankton groups, in an area of moderate energy with oligotrophic conditions. Our results provide an in situ confirmation of the findings obtained by previous modeling studies and remote sensing about the structuring effect of the fine-scale ocean dynamics on the structure of the phytoplankton community.
Johannes Vogel, Eva Paton, and Valentin Aich
Biogeosciences, 18, 5903–5927, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5903-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5903-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates extreme ecosystem impacts evoked by temperature and soil moisture in the Mediterranean Basin for the time span 1999–2019 with a specific focus on seasonal variations. The analysis showed that ecosystem vulnerability is caused by several varying combinations of both drivers during the yearly cycle. The approach presented here helps to provide insights on the specific phenological stage of the year in which ecosystem vulnerability to a certain climatic condition occurs.
Mara Freilich, Alexandre Mignot, Glenn Flierl, and Raffaele Ferrari
Biogeosciences, 18, 5595–5607, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5595-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5595-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Observations reveal that in some regions phytoplankton biomass increases during the wintertime when growth conditions are sub-optimal, which has been attributed to a release from grazing during mixed layer deepening. Measurements of grazer populations to support this theory are lacking. We demonstrate that a release from grazing when the winter mixed layer is deepening holds only for certain grazing models, extending the use of phytoplankton observations to make inferences about grazer dynamics.
Shuangling Chen, Mark L. Wells, Rui Xin Huang, Huijie Xue, Jingyuan Xi, and Fei Chai
Biogeosciences, 18, 5539–5554, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5539-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5539-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Subduction transports surface waters to the oceanic interior, which can supply significant amounts of carbon and oxygen to the twilight zone. Using a novel BGC-Argo dataset covering the western North Pacific, we successfully identified the imprints of episodic shallow subduction patches. These subduction patches were observed mainly in spring and summer (70.6 %), and roughly half of them extended below ~ 450 m, injecting carbon- and oxygen-enriched waters into the ocean interior.
Pierre Damien, Julio Sheinbaum, Orens Pasqueron de Fommervault, Julien Jouanno, Lorena Linacre, and Olaf Duteil
Biogeosciences, 18, 4281–4303, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4281-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4281-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The Gulf of Mexico deep waters are relatively poor in phytoplankton biomass due to low levels of nutrients in the upper layers. Using modeling techniques, we find that the long-living anticyclonic Loop Current eddies that are shed episodically from the Yucatan Channel strongly shape the distribution of phytoplankton and, more importantly, stimulate their growth. This results from the contribution of multiple mechanisms of physical–biogeochemical interactions discussed in this study.
Sergey V. Stanichny, Elena A. Kubryakova, and Arseny A. Kubryakov
Biogeosciences, 18, 3173–3188, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3173-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3173-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, we show that the short-term impact of tropical cyclones can trigger the intense, long-term bloom of coccolithophores, which are major marine calcifiers playing an important role in the balance and fluxes of inorganic carbon in the ocean. In our paper, we describe the evolution of and physical reasons for such an unusual bloom observed in autumn 2005 in the Black Sea on the basis of satellite data.
Fengshan Liu, Ying Chen, Nini Bai, Dengpan Xiao, Huizi Bai, Fulu Tao, and Quansheng Ge
Biogeosciences, 18, 2275–2287, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2275-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2275-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The sowing date is key to the surface biophysical processes in the winter dormancy period. The climate effect of the sowing date shift is therefore very interesting and may contribute to the mitigation of climate change. An earlier sowing date always had a higher LAI but a higher temperature in the dormancy period and a lower temperature in the growth period. The main reason was the relative contributions of the surface albedo and energy partitioning processes.
Peter Aartsma, Johan Asplund, Arvid Odland, Stefanie Reinhardt, and Hans Renssen
Biogeosciences, 18, 1577–1599, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1577-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1577-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In the literature, it is generally assumed that alpine lichen heaths keep their direct environment cool due to their relatively high albedo. However, we reveal that the soil temperature and soil heat flux are higher below lichens than below shrubs during the growing season, despite a lower net radiation for lichens. We also show that the differences in microclimatic conditions between these two vegetation types are more pronounced during warm and sunny days than during cold and cloudy days.
Oleg Sizov, Ekaterina Ezhova, Petr Tsymbarovich, Andrey Soromotin, Nikolay Prihod'ko, Tuukka Petäjä, Sergej Zilitinkevich, Markku Kulmala, Jaana Bäck, and Kajar Köster
Biogeosciences, 18, 207–228, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-207-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-207-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In changing climate, tundra is expected to turn into shrubs and trees, diminishing reindeer pasture and increasing risks of tick-borne diseases. However, this transition may require a disturbance. Fires in Siberia are increasingly widespread. We studied wildfire dynamics and tundra–forest transition over 60 years in northwest Siberia near the Arctic Circle. Based on satellite data analysis, we found that transition occurs in 40 %–85 % of burned tundra compared to 5 %–15 % in non-disturbed areas.
Kaveh Purkiani, André Paul, Annemiek Vink, Maren Walter, Michael Schulz, and Matthias Haeckel
Biogeosciences, 17, 6527–6544, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6527-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6527-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
There has been a steady increase in interest in mining of deep-sea minerals in the eastern Pacific Ocean recently. The ocean state in this region is known to be highly influenced by rotating bodies of water (eddies), some of which can travel long distances in the ocean and impact the deeper layers of the ocean. Better insight into the variability of eddy activity in this region is of great help to mitigate the impact of the benthic ecosystem from future potential deep-sea mining activity.
Jing Yan, Nathaniel A. Bogie, and Teamrat A. Ghezzehei
Biogeosciences, 17, 6377–6392, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6377-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6377-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
An uneven supply of water and nutrients in soils often drives how plants behave. We observed that plants extract all their required nutrients from dry soil patches in sufficient quantity, provided adequate water is available elsewhere in the root zone. Roots in nutrient-rich dry patches facilitate the nutrient acquisition by extensive growth, water release, and modifying water retention in their immediate environment. The findings are valuable in managing nutrient losses in agricultural systems.
Onur Kerimoglu, Yoana G. Voynova, Fatemeh Chegini, Holger Brix, Ulrich Callies, Richard Hofmeister, Knut Klingbeil, Corinna Schrum, and Justus E. E. van Beusekom
Biogeosciences, 17, 5097–5127, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5097-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5097-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, using extensive field observations and a numerical model, we analyzed the physical and biogeochemical structure of a coastal system following an extreme flood event. Our results suggest that a number of anomalous observations were driven by a co-occurrence of peculiar meteorological conditions and increased riverine discharges. Our results call for attention to the combined effects of hydrological and meteorological extremes that are anticipated to increase in frequency.
Amandine Erktan, Matthias C. Rillig, Andrea Carminati, Alexandre Jousset, and Stefan Scheu
Biogeosciences, 17, 4961–4980, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Soil aggregation is crucial for soil functioning. While the role of bacteria and fungi in soil aggregation is well established, how predators feeding on microbes modify soil aggregation has hardly been investigated. We showed for the first time that protists modify soil aggregation, presumably through changes in the production of bacterial mucilage, and that collembolans reduce soil aggregation, presumably by reducing the abundance of saprotrophic fungi.
Wei Hu, Kotaro Murata, Chunlan Fan, Shu Huang, Hiromi Matsusaki, Pingqing Fu, and Daizhou Zhang
Biogeosciences, 17, 4477–4487, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4477-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4477-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This paper reports the first estimate of the status of bacteria in long-distance-transported Asian dust, demonstrating that airborne dust, which can carry viable and nonviable bacteria on particle surfaces, is an efficient medium for constantly spreading bacteria at regional and even global scales. Such data are essential to better model and understand the roles and activities of bioaerosols in environmental evolution and climate change and the potential risks of bioaerosols to human health.
Inge Grünberg, Evan J. Wilcox, Simon Zwieback, Philip Marsh, and Julia Boike
Biogeosciences, 17, 4261–4279, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4261-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4261-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Based on topsoil temperature data for different vegetation types at a low Arctic tundra site, we found large small-scale variability. Winter temperatures were strongly influenced by vegetation through its effects on snow. Summer temperatures were similar below most vegetation types and not consistently related to late summer permafrost thaw depth. Given that vegetation type defines the relationship between winter and summer soil temperature and thaw depth, it controls permafrost vulnerability.
Long Jiang, Theo Gerkema, Jacco C. Kromkamp, Daphne van der Wal, Pedro Manuel Carrasco De La Cruz, and Karline Soetaert
Biogeosciences, 17, 4135–4152, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4135-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4135-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A seaward increasing chlorophyll-a gradient is observed during the spring bloom in a Dutch tidal bay. Biophysical model runs indicate the roles of bivalve grazing and tidal import in shaping the gradient. Five common spatial phytoplankton patterns are summarized in global estuarine–coastal ecosystems: seaward increasing, seaward decreasing, concave with a chlorophyll maximum, weak spatial gradients, and irregular patterns.
Sheila N. Estrada-Allis, Julio Sheinbaum Pardo, Joao M. Azevedo Correia de Souza, Cecilia Elizabeth Enríquez Ortiz, Ismael Mariño Tapia, and Jorge A. Herrera-Silveira
Biogeosciences, 17, 1087–1111, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1087-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1087-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Continental shelves are the most productive areas in the ocean and can have an important impact on the nutrient cycle as well as the climate system. The one in Yucatán is the largest shelf in the Gulf of Mexico. However, its nutrient budget remains unidentifiable. Here we propose not only a general nutrient budget for the Yucatán Shelf but also the physical processes responsible for its pathway modulation through a physical–biogeochemical coupled model of the whole Gulf of Mexico.
Ashley Dubnick, Martin Sharp, Brad Danielson, Alireza Saidi-Mehrabad, and Joel Barker
Biogeosciences, 17, 963–977, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-963-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-963-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We found that glaciers with basal temperatures near the melting point mobilize more solutes, nutrients, and microbes from the underlying substrate and are more likely to promote in situ biogeochemical activity than glaciers with basal temperatures well below the melting point. The temperature at the base of glaciers is therefore an important control on the biogeochemistry of ice near glacier beds, and, ultimately, the potential solutes, nutrients, and microbes exported from glaciated watersheds.
Audrey Delpech, Anna Conchon, Olivier Titaud, and Patrick Lehodey
Biogeosciences, 17, 833–850, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-833-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-833-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Micronekton is an important, yet poorly known, component of the trophic chain, which partly contributes to the storage of CO2 in the deep ocean thanks to biomass vertical migrations. In this study, we characterize the ideal sampling regions to estimate the amount of biomass that undergoes theses migrations. We find that observations made in warm, nondynamic and productive waters reduce the error of the estimation by 20 %. This result should likely serve for future in situ network deployment.
Filippos Tagklis, Takamitsu Ito, and Annalisa Bracco
Biogeosciences, 17, 231–244, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-231-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-231-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Deoxygenation of the oceans is potentially one of the most severe ecosystem stressors resulting from global warming given the high sensitivity of dissolved oxygen to ocean temperatures. Climate models suggest that despite the thermodynamic tendency of the oceans to lose oxygen, certain regions experience significant changes in the biologically driven O2 consumption, resulting in a resistance against deoxygenation. Overturning circulation changes are responsible for such a behavior.
Mohammad Abdul Halim, Han Y. H. Chen, and Sean C. Thomas
Biogeosciences, 16, 4357–4375, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4357-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4357-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Using field data collected over 4 years across a range of stand ages, we investigated how seasonal surface albedo in boreal forest varies with stand age, stand structure, and composition. Our results indicate that successional change in species composition is a key driver of age–related patterns in albedo, with hardwood species associated with higher albedo. The patterns described have important implications for both climate modeling and
climate–smartboreal forest management.
Paul A. Moore, Maxwell C. Lukenbach, Dan K. Thompson, Nick Kettridge, Gustaf Granath, and James M. Waddington
Biogeosciences, 16, 3491–3506, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3491-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3491-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Using very-high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs), we assessed the basic structure and microtopographic variability of hummock–hollow plots at boreal and hemi-boreal sites primarily in North America. Using a simple model of peatland biogeochemical function, our results suggest that both surface heating and moss productivity may not be adequately resolved in models which only consider idealized hummock–hollow units.
Renee K. Gruber, Ryan J. Lowe, and James L. Falter
Biogeosciences, 16, 1921–1935, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1921-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1921-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Researchers from the University of Western Australia's Oceans Institute are studying large tides (up to 12 m range) that occur in the Kimberley region of Australia. These tides flush coral reefs with water rich in nutrients, which supports the growth of reef organisms. In this paper, we show how tidal cycles and seasons control nutrient availability on reefs. This study is among the first published accounts of reefs and water quality data in the remote and pristine Kimberley region.
Sergey A. Marakushev and Ol'ga V. Belonogova
Biogeosciences, 16, 1817–1828, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1817-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1817-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Among the existing theories of the autotrophic origin of life, CO2 is usually considered to be the carbon source for nascent autotrophic metabolism. However, ancestral carbon used in metabolism may have been derived from CH4 if the outflow of magma fluid to the surface of the Earth consisted mainly of methane. The hydrothermal system model is considered in the form of a phase diagram, which demonstrates the area of redox and P and T conditions favorable to development of primary methanotroph.
Venugopal Thushara, Puthenveettil Narayana Menon Vinayachandran, Adrian J. Matthews, Benjamin G. M. Webber, and Bastien Y. Queste
Biogeosciences, 16, 1447–1468, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1447-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1447-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Chlorophyll distribution in the ocean remains to be explored in detail, despite its climatic significance. Here, we document the vertical structure of chlorophyll in the Bay of Bengal using observations and a model. The shape of chlorophyll profiles, characterized by prominent deep chlorophyll maxima, varies in dynamically different regions, controlled by the monsoonal forcings. The present study provides new insights into the vertical distribution of chlorophyll, rarely observed by satellites.
Soeren Thomsen, Johannes Karstensen, Rainer Kiko, Gerd Krahmann, Marcus Dengler, and Anja Engel
Biogeosciences, 16, 979–998, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-979-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-979-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Physical and biogeochemical observations from an autonomous underwater vehicle in combination with ship-based measurements are used to investigate remote and local drivers of the oxygen and nutrient variability off Mauritania. Beside the transport of oxygen and nutrients characteristics from remote areas towards Mauritania also local remineralization of organic material close to the seabed seems to be important for the distribution of oxygen and nutrients.
Pascale Bouruet-Aubertot, Yannis Cuypers, Andrea Doglioli, Mathieu Caffin, Christophe Yohia, Alain de Verneil, Anne Petrenko, Dominique Lefèvre, Hervé Le Goff, Gilles Rougier, Marc Picheral, and Thierry Moutin
Biogeosciences, 15, 7485–7504, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7485-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7485-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The OUTPACE cruise took place between New Caledonia and French Polynesia. The main purpose was to understand how micro-organisms can survive in a very poor environment. One main source of nutrients is at depth, below the euphotic layer where micro-organisms live. The purpose of the turbulence measurements was to determine to which extent turbulence may
upliftnutrients into the euphotic layer. The origin of the turbulence that was found contrasted along the transect was also determined.
Cited articles
Aller, R. C.: Quantifying solute distributions in the bioturbated zone of
marine sediments by defining an average microenvironment, Geochim.
Cosmochim. Ac., 44, 1955–1965, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(80)90195-7, 1980.
Aller, R. C.: The importance of the diffusive permeability of animal burrow linings in determining marine sediment chemistry, J. Mar. Res., 41, 299–322, https://doi.org/10.1357/002224083788520225, 1983.
Aller, R. C. and Aller, J. Y.: Meiofauna and solute transport in marine
muds, Limnol. Oceanogr., 37, 1018–1033, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1992.37.5.1018,
1992.
Aller, R. C. and Aller, J. Y.: The effect of biogenic irrigation intensity
and solute exchange on diagenetic reaction rates in marine sediments, J.
Mar. Res., 56, 905–936, https://doi.org/10.1357/002224098321667413, 1998.
Aller, R. C. and Yingst, J. Y.: Effects of the marine deposit-feeders
Heteromastus filiformis (Polychaeta), Macoma balthica (Bivalvia), and
Tellina texana (Bivalvia) on averaged sedimentary solute transport, reaction
rates, and microbial distributions, J. Mar. Res., 43, 615–645,
https://doi.org/10.1357/002224085788440349, 1985.
Andersson, J. H., Middelburg, J. J., and Soetaert, K.: Identifiability and
uncertainty analysis of bio-irrigation rates, J. Mar. Res., 64, 407–429,
https://doi.org/10.1357/002224006778189590, 2006.
Beauchard, O., Veríssimo, H., Queirós, A. M., and Herman, P. M. J.:
The use of multiple biological traits in marine community ecology and its
potential in ecological indicator development, Ecol. Indic., 76, 81–96,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.01.011, 2017.
Berelson, W. M., Heggie, D., Longmore, A., Kilgore, T., Nicholson, G., and
Skyring, G.: Benthic Nutrient Recycling in Port Phillip Bay, Australia,
Estuar. Coast. Shelf S., 46, 917–934, https://doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1998.0328,
1998.
Berg, P., Rysgaard, S., Funch, P., and Sejr, M. K.: Effects of bioturbation
on solutes and solids in marine sediments, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 26,
81–94, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame026081, 2001.
Braeckman, U., Provoost, P., Gribsholt, B., Van Gansbeke, D., Middelburg, J.
J., Soetaert, K., Vincx, M., and Vanaverbeke, J.: Role of macrofauna
functional traits and density in biogeochemical fluxes and bioturbation,
Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 399, 173–186, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08336, 2010.
Braeckman, U., Van Colen, C., Soetaert, K., Vincx, M., and Vanaverbeke, J.:
Contrasting macrobenthic activities differentially affect nematode density
and diversity in a shallow subtidal marine sediment, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.,
422, 179–191, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08910, 2011.
Brey, T.: An empirical model for estimating aquatic invertebrate
respiration, Methods Ecol. Evol., 1, 92–101,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-210x.2009.00008.x, 2010.
Buhr, K.-J.: Suspension-feeding and assimilation efficiency in Lanice
conchilega (Polychaeta), Mar. Biol., 38, 373–383,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391377, 1976.
Buhr, K.-J. and Winter, J. E.: Distribution and Maintenance of a Lanice
Conchilega Association in the Weser Estuary (Frg), With Special Reference To
the Suspension – Feeding Behaviour of Lanice Conchilega, Pergamon Press
Ltd., Oxford, 1977.
Christensen, B., Vedel, A., and Kristensen, E.: Carbon and nitrogen fluxes in
sediment inhabited by suspension-feeding (Nereis diversicolor) and
non-suspension-feeding (N. virens) polychaetes, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 192,
203–217, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps192203, 2000.
Craeymeersch, J., Kingston, P., Rachor, E., Duineveld, G., Heip, C., and
Vanden Berghe, E.: North Sea Benthos Survey, available at: http://ipt.vliz.be/eurobis/resource?r=nsbs (last access: 27 March 2020), 1986.
D'Andrea, A. F. and DeWitt, T. H.: Geochemical ecosystem engineering by the
mud shrimp Upogebia pugettensis (Crustacea: Thalassinidae) in Yaquina Bay,
Oregon: Density-dependent effects on organic matter remineralization and
nutrient cycling, Limnol. Oceanogr., 54, 1911–1932,
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2009.54.6.1911, 2009.
De Backer, A., van Ael, E., Vincx, M., and Degraer, S.: Behaviour and time
allocation of the mud shrimp, Corophium volutator, during the tidal cycle: A
laboratory study, Helgoland Mar. Res., 64, 63–67,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10152-009-0167-6, 2010.
Degraer, S., Wittoeck, J., Appeltans, W., Cooreman, K., Deprez, T.,
Hillewaert, H., Hostens, K., Mees, J., Vanden Berghe, E., and Vincx, M.:
Macrobel: Long term trends in the macrobenthos of the Belgian Continental
Shelf. Oostende, Belgium, available at:
http://www.vliz.be/vmdcdata/macrobel/ (last access: 21 July 2019), 2006.
De Smet, B., Braeckman, U., Soetaert, K., Vincx, M., and Vanaverbeke, J.:
Predator effects on the feeding and bioirrigation activity of
ecosystem-engineered Lanice conchilega reefs, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 475,
31–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2015.11.005, 2016.
Dornhoffer, T., Waldbusser, G. G., and Meile, C.: Burrow patchiness and
oxygen fluxes in bioirrigated sediments, J. Exp. Mar. Bio. Ecol., 412,
81–86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2011.11.004, 2012.
Dray, S. and Dufour, A.-B.: The ade4 Package: Implementing the Duality Diagram for Ecologists, J. Stat. Softw., 22, 1–20, https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v022.i04, 2007.
Dray, S., Chessel, D., and Thioulouse, J.: Co-inertia analysis and the
linking of ecological data tables, Ecology, 84, 3078–3089,
https://doi.org/10.1890/03-0178, 2003.
Ehrhold, A., Blanchard, M., Auffret, J.-P., and Garlan, T.: Conséquences
de la prolifération de la crépidule (Crepidula fornicata) sur
l'évolution sédimentaire de la baie du Mont-Saint-Michel (Manche,
France), Comptes Rendus l'Académie des Sci. – Ser. IIA – Earth Planet.
Sci., 327, 583–588, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1251-8050(99)80111-6,
1998.
Fleischer, R. C.: Relationships between Tidal Oscillations and Ruddy Turnstone Flocking, Foraging, and Vigilance Behavior, Condor, 85, 22–29, https://doi.org/10.2307/1367881, 1983.
Forster, S. and Graf, G.: Impact of irrigation on oxygen flux into the
sediment: intermittent pumping by Callianassa subterranea and
“piston-pumping” by Lanice conchilega, Mar. Biol., 123, 335–346,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00353625, 1995.
Forster, S., Khalili, A., and Kitlar, J.: Variation of nonlocal irrigation in a subtidal benthic community, J. Mar. Res., 61, 335–357, https://doi.org/10.1357/002224003322201223, 2003.
Furukawa, Y., Bentley, S. J., and Lavoie, D. L.: Bioirrigation modeling in
experimental benthic mesocosms, J. Mar. Res., 59, 417–452,
https://doi.org/10.1357/002224001762842262, 2001.
Granadeiro, J. P., Dias, M. P., Martins, R. C., and Palmeirim, J. M.: Variation in numbers and behaviour of waders during the tidal cycle: implications for the use of estuarine sediment flats, Acta Oecol., 29, 293–300, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2005.11.008, 2006.
Hale, R., Mavrogordato, M. N., Tolhurst, T. J., and Solan, M.: Characterizations of how species mediate ecosystem properties require more comprehensive functional effect descriptors, Sci. Rep., 4, 6463, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06463, 2014.
Hedman, J. E., Gunnarsson, J. S., Samuelsson, G., and Gilbert, F.: Particle
reworking and solute transport by the sediment-living polychaetes
Marenzelleria neglecta and Hediste diversicolor, J. Exp. Mar. Bio. Ecol.,
407, 294–301, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2011.06.026, 2011.
Heo, M. and Gabriel, K. R.: A permutation test of association between
configurations by means of the RV coefficient, Commun. Stat. B-Simul., 27, 843–856, https://doi.org/10.1080/03610919808813512, 1998.
Herman, P. M. J., Middelburg, J. J., and Heip, C. H. R.: Benthic community structure and sediment processes on an intertidal flat: Results from the ECOFLAT project, Cont. Shelf Res., 21, 2055–2071, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(01)00042-5, 2001.
Holtmann, S. E., Groenewold, A., Schrader, K. H. M., Asjes, J.,
Craeymeersch, J. A., Duineveld, G. C. A., van Bostelen, A. J., and van der
Meer, J.: Atlas of the zoobenthos of the Dutch continental shelf, Ministry
of Transport, Public Works and Water Management, Rijswijk, available at:
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=130644 (last access: 19 July 2019), 1996.
Huettel, M.: Influence of the lugworm Arenicola marina on porewater nutrient
profiles of sand flat sediments, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 62, 241–248,
https://doi.org/10.3354/meps062241, 1990.
Kikuchi, E.: Effects of the brackish deposit-feeding polychaetes Notomastus
sp. (Capitellidae) and Neanthes japonica (Izuka) (Nereidae) on sedimentary
O2 consumption and CO2 production rates, J. Exp. Mar. Bio. Ecol., 114,
15–25, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(87)90136-5, 1987.
Koo, B. J., Kwon, K. K., and Hyun, J. H.: Effect of environmental conditions
on variation in the sediment-water interface created by complex macrofaunal
burrows on a tidal flat, J. Sea Res., 58, 302–312,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2007.07.002, 2007.
Kristensen, E.: Impact of polychaetes (Nereis spp. and Arenicola marina) on
carbon biogeochemistry in coastal marine sediments, Geochem. T., 2,
92–103, https://doi.org/10.1039/b108114d, 2001.
Kristensen, E., Penha-Lopes, G., Delefosse, M., Valdemarsen, T., Quintana,
C. O., and Banta, G. T.: What is bioturbation? the need for a precise
definition for fauna in aquatic sciences, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 446,
285–302, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09506, 2012.
MacDonald, E. C., Frost, E. H., MacNeil, S. M., Hamilton, D. J., and Barbeau,
M. A.: Behavioral response of Corophium volutator to shorebird predation in
the upper bay of Fundy, Canada, PLoS One, 9, e110633,
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110633, 2014.
Magni, P. and Montani, S.: Seasonal patterns of pore-water nutrients,
benthic chlorophyll a and sedimentary AVS in a macrobenthos-rich tidal flat,
Hydrobiologia, 571, 297–311, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0242-9, 2006.
Maire, O., Merchant, J. N., Bulling, M., Teal, L. R., Grémare, A.,
Duchêne, J. C., and Solan, M.: Indirect effects of non-lethal predation
on bivalve activity and sediment reworking, J. Exp. Mar. Bio. Ecol.,
395, 30–36, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2010.08.004, 2010.
Martin, W. R. and Banta, G. T.: The measurement of sediment irrigation
rates: A comparison of the Br-tracer and 222Rn∕226Ra disequilibrum
techniques, J. Mar. Res., 50, 125–154, https://doi.org/10.1357/002224092784797737,
1992.
McCave, I. N., Bryant, R. J., Cook, H. F., and Coughanowr, C. A.: Evaluation
of a laser-diffraction-size analyzer for use with natural sediments, J.
Sediment. Res., 56, 561–564, https://doi.org/10.1306/212f89cc-2b24-11d7-8648000102c1865d, 1986.
McCurdy, D. G., Boates, J. S., and Forbes, M. R.: Reproductive synchrony in
the intertidal amphipod Corophium volutator, Oikos, 88, 301–308,
https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2000.880208.x, 2000.
Mestdagh, S., Bagaço, L., Braeckman, U., Ysebaert, T., De Smet, B., Moens, T.,
and Van Colen, C.: Functional trait responses to sediment deposition reduce macrofauna-mediated
ecosystem functioning in an estuarine mudflat, Biogeosciences, 15, 2587–2599, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2587-2018, 2018.
Meysman, F. J. R., Galaktionov, O. S., and Middelburg, J. J.: Irrigation
patterns in permeable sediments induced by burrow ventilation: A case study
of Arenicola marina, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 303, 195–212,
https://doi.org/10.3354/meps303195, 2005.
Meysman, F. J. R., Galaktionov, O. S., Gribsholt, B., and Middelburg, J. J.:
Bio-irrigation in permeable sediments: An assessment of model complexity, J.
Mar. Res., 64, 589–627, https://doi.org/10.1357/002224006778715757, 2006.
Miron, G., Desrosiers, G., Retière, C., and Masson, S.: Variations in time budget of the polychaete Nereis virens as a function of density and acclimation after introduction to a new burrow, Mar. Biol., 114, 41–48, 1992.
Morys, C., Powilleit, M., and Forster, S.: Bioturbation in relation to the
depth distribution of macrozoobenthos in the southwestern Baltic Sea, Mar.
Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 579, 19–36, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12236, 2017.
Murray, F., Douglas, A., and Solan, M.: Species that share traits do not necessarily form distinct and universally applicable functional effect groups, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 516, 23–34, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11020, 2014.
Na, T., Gribsholt, B., Galaktionov, O. S., Lee, T., and Meysman, F. J. R.:
Influence of advective bio-irrigation on carbon and nitrogen cycling in
sandy sediments, J. Mar. Res., 66, 691–722, https://doi.org/10.1357/002224008787536826,
2008.
Nielsen, O. I., Gribsholt, B., Kristensen, E., and Revsbech, N. P.:
Microscale distribution of oxygen and nitrate in sediment inhabited by
Nereis diversicolor: Spatial patterns and estimated reaction rates, Aquat.
Microb. Ecol., 34, 23–32, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame034023, 2004.
Northeast Fisheries Science Center: Benthic Habitat Database, available at: https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/benthic-habitat-database (last access: 19 July 2019),
2018.
Olaffson, E.: Do Macrofauna Structure Meiofauna Assemblages in Marine
Soft-Bottoms? A review of Experimental Studies, Vie Milieu, 53,
249–265, 2003.
Ponsero, A., Sturbois, A., Desroy, N., Le Mao, P., Jones, A. and Fournier, J.: How do macrobenthic resources concentrate foraging waders in large megatidal sandflats?, Estuar. Coast. Shelf S., 178, 120–128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2016.05.023, 2016.
Price, W. L.: A controlled random search procedure for global optimisation,
Comput, J., 20, 367–370, https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/20.4.367, 1977.
Queirós, A. M., Birchenough, S. N. R., Bremner, J., Godbold, J. A.,
Parker, R. E., Romero-Ramirez, A., Reiss, H., Solan, M., Somerfield, P. J.,
Van Colen, C., Van Hoey, G., and Widdicombe, S.: A bioturbation
classification of European marine infaunal invertebrates, Ecol. Evol.,
3, 3958–3985, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.769, 2013.
Queirios, A. M., Stephens, N., Cook, R., Ravaglioli, C., Nunes, J.,
Dashfield, S., Harris, C., Tilstone, G. H., Fishwick, J., Braeckman, U.,
Somerfield, P. J., and Widdicombe, S.: Can benthic community structure be
used to predict the process of bioturbation in real ecosystems?, Prog.
Oceanogr., 137, 559–569, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2015.04.027, 2015.
Quintana, C. O., Tang, M., and Kristensen, E.: Simultaneous study of particle
reworking, irrigation transport and reaction rates in sediment bioturbated
by the polychaetes Heteromastus and Marenzelleria, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.,
352, 392–406, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2007.08.015, 2007.
Ragueneau, O., Chauvaud, L., Moriceau, B., Leynaert, A., Thouzeau, G.,
Donval, A., Le Loc'h, F., and Jean, F.: Biodeposition by an invasive
suspension feeder impacts the biogeochemical cycle of Si in a coastal
ecosystem (Bay of Brest, France), Biogeochemistry, 75, 19–41,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-5677-3, 2005.
Rao, A. M. F., Malkin, S. Y., Montserrat, F., and Meysman, F. J. R.:
Alkalinity production in intertidal sands intensified by lugworm
bioirrigation, Estuar. Coast. Shelf S., 148, 36–47,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2014.06.006, 2014.
R Core Team: R: A language and environment for statistical computing,
available at: http://www.r-project.org/ (last access: 27 March 2020), 2013.
Renz, J. R., Powilleit, M., Gogina, M., Zettler, M. L., Morys, C., and
Forster, S.: Community bioirrigation potential (BIPc), an index to
quantify the potential for solute exchange at the sediment-water interface,
Mar. Environ. Res., 141, 214–224, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.013, 2018.
Ritchie, R. J.: Consistent sets of spectrophotometric chlorophyll equations
for acetone, methanol and ethanol solvents, Photosynth. Res., 89, 27–41,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-006-9065-9, 2006.
Rysgaard, S., Christensen, P. B., Sørensen, M. V., Funch, P., and Berg,
P.: Marine meiofauna, carbon and nitrogen mineralization in sandy and soft
sediments of Disko Bay, West Greenland, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 21, 59–71,
https://doi.org/10.3354/ame021059, 2000.
Schlüter, M., Sauter, E., Hansen, H. P., and Suess, E.: Seasonal
variations of bioirrigation in coastal sediments: Modelling of field data,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 64, 821–834,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00375-0, 2000.
Sistermans, W. C. H., Hummel, H., Dekker, A., and Dek, L. A.: Inventarisatie
macrofauna Westerschelde Najaar 2005, Centrum voor Estuariene en Mariene Ecologie (NIOO-CEME), Yerseke, 2006.
Soetaert, K. and Petzoldt, T.: Inverse Modelling, Sensitivity and Monte
Carlo analysis in R Using PAckage FME, J. Stat. Softw., 33, 1–28,
https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v033.i03, 2010.
Soetaert, K., Petzoldt, T., and Setzer, R. W.: Solving Differential Equations in R : Package deSolve, J. Stat. Softw., 33, 1–25, https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v033.i09, 2010.
Solan, M., Cardinale, B. J., Downing, A. L., Engelhardt, K. A. M., Ruesink,
J. L., and Srivastava, D. S.: Extinction and Ecosystem Funciton in the Marine
Benthos, Science, 306, 1177–1180,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1103960, 2004.
Tenenhaus, M. and Young, F. W.: An analysis and synthesis of multiple
correspondence analysis, optimal scaling, dual scaling, homogeneity analysis
and other methods for quantifying categorical multivariate data,
Psychometrika, 50, 91–119, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02294151, 1985.
Thioulouse, J., Dray, S., Dufour, A.-B., Siberchicot, A., Jombart, T., and
Pavoine, S.: Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data, 1st Edn.,
Springer-Verlag New York, New York, 2018.
Timmermann, K., Banta, G. T., and Glud, R. N.: Linking Arenicola marina
irrigation behavior to oxygen transport and dynamics in sandy sediments, J.
Mar. Res., 64, 915–938, https://doi.org/10.1357/002224006779698378, 2007.
Volkenborn, N., Hedtkamp, S. I. C., van Beusekom, J. E. E., and Reise, K.:
Effects of bioturbation and bioirrigation by lugworms (Arenicola marina) on
physical and chemical sediment properties and implications for intertidal
habitat succession, Estuar. Coast. Shelf S., 74, 331–343,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.05.001, 2007.
Wentworth, C. K.: A Scale of Grade and Class Terms for Clastic Sediments, J. Geol., 30, 377–392, https://doi.org/10.1086/622910, 1922.
Wrede, A., Beermann, J., Dannheim, J., Gutow, L., and Brey, T.: Organism
functional traits and ecosystem supporting services – A novel approach to
predict bioirrigation, Ecol. Indic., 91, 737–743,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.04.026, 2018.
Short summary
By applying a novel technique to quantify organism-induced sediment–water column fluid exchange (bioirrigation), we show that organisms in subtidal (permanently submerged) areas have similar bioirrigation rates as those that inhabit intertidal areas (not permanently submerged), but organisms in the latter irrigate deeper burrows in this study. Our results expand on traditional methods to quantify bioirrigation rates and broaden the pool of field measurements of bioirrigation rates.
By applying a novel technique to quantify organism-induced sediment–water column fluid exchange...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint