Articles | Volume 18, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4281-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4281-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
22 Jul 2021
Research article |
| 22 Jul 2021
| 22 Jul 2021
Do Loop Current eddies stimulate productivity in the Gulf of Mexico?
Pierre Damien
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Departamento de Oceanografía Física, Centro de
Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada,
México
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic
Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Julio Sheinbaum
Departamento de Oceanografía Física, Centro de
Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada,
México
Orens Pasqueron de Fommervault
Departamento de Oceanografía Física, Centro de
Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada,
México
Julien Jouanno
LEGOS, Université de Toulouse, IRD, CNRS, CNES, UPS, Toulouse,
France
Lorena Linacre
Departamento de Oceanografía Biológica, Centro de
Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada,
México
Olaf Duteil
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
Related authors
No articles found.
Peter Brandt, Gaël Alory, Founi Mesmin Awo, Marcus Dengler, Sandrine Djakouré, Rodrigue Anicet Imbol Koungue, Julien Jouanno, Mareike Körner, Marisa Roch, and Mathieu Rouault
Ocean Sci., 19, 581–601, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-581-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-581-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Tropical upwelling systems are among the most productive ecosystems globally. The tropical Atlantic upwelling undergoes a strong seasonal cycle that is forced by the wind. Local wind-driven upwelling and remote effects, particularly via the propagation of equatorial and coastal trapped waves, lead to an upward and downward movement of the nitracline. Turbulent mixing results in upward supply of nutrients. Here, we review the different physical processes responsible for biological productivity.
Roy Dorgeless Ngakala, Gaël Alory, Casimir Yélognissè Da-Allada, Olivia Estelle Kom, Julien Jouanno, Willi Rath, and Ezinvi Baloïtcha
Ocean Sci., 19, 535–558, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-535-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-535-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Surface heat flux is the main driver of the heat budget in the Senegal, Angola, and Benguela regions but not in the equatorial region. In the Senegal and Benguela regions, freshwater flux governs the salt budget, while in equatorial and Angola regions, oceanic processes are the main drivers. Results from numerical simulation show the important role of mesoscale advection for temperature and salinity variations in the mixed layer. Nonlinear processes unresolved by observations play a key role.
José Gerardo Quintanilla, Juan Carlos Herguera, and Julio Sheinbaum
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-751, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-751, 2023
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
The reduction of the oxygen concentration in the ocean interior is a worrisome global trend that can be harmful for the marine life. This study presents evidence that the central Gulf of Mexico waters at depths between 200 to 800 m has been affected by an oxygen reduction trend that might be aggravating under climate change. We show evidence that link this oxygen reduction to a decrease in the volume of water transported from the Caribbean in to the Gulf of Mexico via enormous ocean gyres.
Sarah Berthet, Julien Jouanno, Roland Séférian, Marion Gehlen, and William Llovel
Earth Syst. Dynam., 14, 399–412, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-399-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-399-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Phytoplankton absorbs the solar radiation entering the ocean surface and contributes to keeping the associated energy in surface waters. This natural effect is either not represented in the ocean component of climate models or its representation is simplified. An incomplete representation of this biophysical interaction affects the way climate models simulate ocean warming, which leads to uncertainties in projections of oceanic emissions of an important greenhouse gas (nitrous oxide).
Michel Tchilibou, Ariane Koch-Larrouy, Simon Barbot, Florent Lyard, Yves Morel, Julien Jouanno, and Rosemary Morrow
Ocean Sci., 18, 1591–1618, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1591-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1591-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This high-resolution model-based study investigates the variability in the generation, propagation, and sea height signature (SSH) of the internal tide off the Amazon shelf during two contrasted seasons. ITs propagate further north during the season characterized by weak currents and mesoscale eddies and a shallow and strong pycnocline. IT imprints on SSH dominate those of the geostrophic motion for horizontal scales below 200 km; moreover, the SSH is mainly incoherent below 70 km.
Olaf Duteil, Ivy Frenger, and Julia Getzlaff
Ocean Sci., 17, 1489–1507, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-1489-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-1489-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The large oxygen minimum zones in the tropical Pacific Ocean are still not well represented by typical climate models. We analyze a set of ocean models and highlight the fact that an oxygen concentration that is too low at intermediate depth in the subtropical regions associated with a sluggish representation of the intermediate equatorial current system may be responsible for the overly large extension of the modeled oxygen minimum zones, potentially hampering future projections.
Julien Jouanno, Rachid Benshila, Léo Berline, Antonin Soulié, Marie-Hélène Radenac, Guillaume Morvan, Frédéric Diaz, Julio Sheinbaum, Cristele Chevalier, Thierry Thibaut, Thomas Changeux, Frédéric Menard, Sarah Berthet, Olivier Aumont, Christian Ethé, Pierre Nabat, and Marc Mallet
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 4069–4086, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-4069-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-4069-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The tropical Atlantic has been facing a massive proliferation of Sargassum since 2011, with severe environmental and socioeconomic impacts. We developed a modeling framework based on the NEMO ocean model, which integrates transport by currents and waves, and physiology of Sargassum with varying internal nutrient quota, and considers stranding at the coast. Results demonstrate the ability of the model to reproduce and forecast the seasonal cycle and large-scale distribution of Sargassum biomass.
Julien Jouanno and Xavier Capet
Ocean Sci., 16, 1207–1223, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-1207-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-1207-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The dynamical balance of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and its implications on the functioning of the world ocean are not fully understood and poorly represented in global circulation models. In this study, the sensitivities of an idealized Southern Ocean (SO) storm track are explored with a set of eddy-rich numerical simulations. We show that the classical partition between barotropic and baroclinic modes is sensitive to current–topography interactions in the mesoscale range of 10–100 km.
Sheila N. Estrada-Allis, Julio Sheinbaum Pardo, Joao M. Azevedo Correia de Souza, Cecilia Elizabeth Enríquez Ortiz, Ismael Mariño Tapia, and Jorge A. Herrera-Silveira
Biogeosciences, 17, 1087–1111, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1087-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1087-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Continental shelves are the most productive areas in the ocean and can have an important impact on the nutrient cycle as well as the climate system. The one in Yucatán is the largest shelf in the Gulf of Mexico. However, its nutrient budget remains unidentifiable. Here we propose not only a general nutrient budget for the Yucatán Shelf but also the physical processes responsible for its pathway modulation through a physical–biogeochemical coupled model of the whole Gulf of Mexico.
Marie-Hélène Radenac, Julien Jouanno, Christine Carine Tchamabi, Mesmin Awo, Bernard Bourlès, Sabine Arnault, and Olivier Aumont
Biogeosciences, 17, 529–545, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-529-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-529-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Satellite data and a remarkable set of in situ measurements show a main bloom of microscopic seaweed, the phytoplankton, in summer and a secondary bloom in December in the central equatorial Atlantic. They are driven by a strong vertical supply of nitrate in May–July and a shorter and moderate supply in November. In between, transport of low-nitrate water from the west explains most nitrate losses in the sunlit layer. Horizontal eddy-induced processes also contribute to seasonal nitrate removal.
Olaf Duteil, Andreas Oschlies, and Claus W. Böning
Biogeosciences, 15, 7111–7126, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7111-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7111-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Oxygen-depleted regions of the Pacific Ocean are currently expanding, which is threatening marine habitats. Based on numerical simulations, we show that the decrease in the intensity of the trade winds and the subsequent slowdown of the oceanic currents lead to a reduction in oxygen supply. Our study suggests that the prevailing positive conditions of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation since 1975, a major source of natural variability, may explain a significant part of the current deoxygenation.
Lala Kounta, Xavier Capet, Julien Jouanno, Nicolas Kolodziejczyk, Bamol Sow, and Amadou Thierno Gaye
Ocean Sci., 14, 971–997, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-14-971-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-14-971-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The currents along the West African seaboard are poorly known. Based on a carefully evaluated numerical simulation the present study describes these currents in the sector 8–20°N and the physical processes that drive them. Prevailing northward flow with two intensification periods per year is identified. Both local and distant coastal winds (blowing as far as thousands of kilometers away in the Gulf of Guinea) contribute to the circulation in this sector.
Vincent Taillandier, Thibaut Wagener, Fabrizio D'Ortenzio, Nicolas Mayot, Hervé Legoff, Joséphine Ras, Laurent Coppola, Orens Pasqueron de Fommervault, Catherine Schmechtig, Emilie Diamond, Henry Bittig, Dominique Lefevre, Edouard Leymarie, Antoine Poteau, and Louis Prieur
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 627–641, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-627-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-627-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We report on data from an oceanographic cruise, covering western, central and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea. This cruise was fully dedicated to the maintenance and the metrological verification of a biogeochemical observing system based on a fleet of BGC-Argo floats.
Raphaëlle Sauzède, Elodie Martinez, Orens Pasqueron de Fommervault, Antoine Poteau, Alexandre Mignot, Christophe Maes, Hervé Claustre, Julia Uitz, Keitapu Maamaatuaiahutapu, Martine Rodier, Catherine Schmechtig, and Victoire Laurent
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2017-541, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2017-541, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted
Orens Pasqueron de Fommervault, Paula Perez-Brunius, Pierre Damien, Victor F. Camacho-Ibar, and Julio Sheinbaum
Biogeosciences, 14, 5647–5662, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5647-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5647-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The Gulf of Mexico is known to be characterized by a low abundance in phytoplankton. However, observations across the basin are scarce and prevent an accurate description of the mechanism controlling its distribution and dynamics. The recent deployment of autonomous profiling floats equipped with bio-optical sensors was a great opportunity to explore the phytoplankton in the Gulf Of Mexico. This study presents the analysis of this novel dataset.
Julien Jouanno, Olga Hernandez, and Emilia Sanchez-Gomez
Earth Syst. Dynam., 8, 1061–1069, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-8-1061-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-8-1061-2017, 2017
Julien Jouanno, Xavier Capet, Gurvan Madec, Guillaume Roullet, and Patrice Klein
Ocean Sci., 12, 743–769, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-743-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-743-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The aim of this study is to clarify the role of the Southern Ocean storms on interior mixing and meridional overturning circulation. A periodic and idealized configuration of the NEMO model has been designed to represent the key physical processes of a zonal portion of the Southern Ocean. Challenging issues concerning how numerical models are able to represent interior mixing forced by high-frequency winds are exposed and discussed, particularly in the context of the overturning circulation.
W. Koeve, O. Duteil, A. Oschlies, P. Kähler, and J. Segschneider
Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 2393–2408, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2393-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2393-2014, 2014
O. Duteil, W. Koeve, A. Oschlies, D. Bianchi, E. Galbraith, I. Kriest, and R. Matear
Biogeosciences, 10, 7723–7738, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7723-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7723-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeophysics: Physical - Biological Coupling
Unique ocean circulation pathways reshape the Indian Ocean oxygen minimum zone with warming
Contribution of the open ocean to the nutrient and phytoplankton inventory in a semi-enclosed coastal sea
The contrasted phytoplankton dynamics across a frontal system in the southwestern Mediterranean Sea
Sub-frontal niches of plankton communities driven by transport and trophic interactions at ocean fronts
Differential feeding habits of the shallow-water hydrothermal vent crab Xenograpsus testudinatus correlate with their resident vent types at a scale of meters
Satellite data reveal earlier and stronger phytoplankton blooms over fronts in the Gulf Stream region
Assimilation of multiple datasets results in large differences in regional- to global-scale NEE and GPP budgets simulated by a terrestrial biosphere model
Spatiotemporal lagging of predictors improves machine learning estimates of atmosphere–forest CO2 exchange
Phytoplankton reaction to an intense storm in the north-western Mediterranean Sea
Lagrangian and Eulerian time and length scales of mesoscale ocean chlorophyll from Bio-Argo floats and satellites
Reply to Lars Olof Björn's comment on “Fundamental molecules of life are pigments which arose and co-evolved as a response to the thermodynamic imperative of dissipating the prevailing solar spectrum” by Michaelian and Simeonov (2015)
Modelling submerged biofouled microplastics and their vertical trajectories
A Bayesian sequential updating approach to predict phenology of silage maize
Using an oceanographic model to investigate the mystery of the missing puerulus
Climate pathways behind phytoplankton-induced atmospheric warming
Impact of moderately energetic fine-scale dynamics on the phytoplankton community structure in the western Mediterranean Sea
Seasonal ecosystem vulnerability to climatic anomalies in the Mediterranean
Grazing behavior and winter phytoplankton accumulation
Episodic subduction patches in the western North Pacific identified from BGC-Argo float data
Quasi-tropical cyclone caused anomalous autumn coccolithophore bloom in the Black Sea
Divergent climate feedbacks on winter wheat growing and dormancy periods as affected by sowing date in the North China Plain
Microclimatic comparison of lichen heaths and shrubs: shrubification generates atmospheric heating but subsurface cooling during the growing season
Fire and vegetation dynamics in northwest Siberia during the last 60 years based on high-resolution remote sensing
Evidence of eddy-related deep-ocean current variability in the northeast tropical Pacific Ocean induced by remote gap winds
Root uptake under mismatched distributions of water and nutrients in the root zone
Interactive impacts of meteorological and hydrological conditions on the physical and biogeochemical structure of a coastal system
Protists and collembolans alter microbial community composition, C dynamics and soil aggregation in simplified consumer–prey systems
Abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in dusty and nondusty air
Linking tundra vegetation, snow, soil temperature, and permafrost
Drivers of the spatial phytoplankton gradient in estuarine–coastal systems: generic implications of a case study in a Dutch tidal bay
Biological and biogeochemical methods for estimating bioirrigation: a case study in the Oosterschelde estuary
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen and particulate organic nitrogen budget in the Yucatán shelf: driving mechanisms through a physical–biogeochemical coupled model
Basal thermal regime affects the biogeochemistry of subglacial systems
Influence of oceanic conditions in the energy transfer efficiency estimation of a micronekton model
Modulation of the North Atlantic deoxygenation by the slowdown of the nutrient stream
Stand age and species composition effects on surface albedo in a mixedwood boreal forest
Assessing the peatland hummock–hollow classification framework using high-resolution elevation models: implications for appropriate complexity ecosystem modeling
Tidal and seasonal forcing of dissolved nutrient fluxes in reef communities
Ideas and perspectives: Development of nascent autotrophic carbon fixation systems in various redox conditions of the fluid degassing on early Earth
Vertical distribution of chlorophyll in dynamically distinct regions of the southern Bay of Bengal
Remote and local drivers of oxygen and nitrate variability in the shallow oxygen minimum zone off Mauritania in June 2014
Longitudinal contrast in turbulence along a ∼ 19° S section in the Pacific and its consequences for biogeochemical fluxes
Ideas and perspectives: Strengthening the biogeosciences in environmental research networks
Imprint of Southern Ocean mesoscale eddies on chlorophyll
Grazing increases litter decomposition rate but decreases nitrogen release rate in an alpine meadow
Large- to submesoscale surface circulation and its implications on biogeochemical/biological horizontal distributions during the OUTPACE cruise (southwest Pacific)
OUTPACE long duration stations: physical variability, context of biogeochemical sampling, and evaluation of sampling strategy
Reviews and syntheses: on the roles trees play in building and plumbing the critical zone
Effects of shrub and tree cover increase on the near-surface atmosphere in northern Fennoscandia
Morphological plasticity of root growth under mild water stress increases water use efficiency without reducing yield in maize
Sam Ditkovsky, Laure Resplandy, and Julius Busecke
Biogeosciences, 20, 4711–4736, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4711-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4711-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The global ocean is losing oxygen due to warming. The Indian Ocean, however, is gaining oxygen in large parts of the basin, and its naturally occurring oxygen minimum zone is not expanding. This rather unexpected response is explained by the unique ocean circulation of the Indian Ocean, which is bounded by a continent to the north but connected to the Pacific Ocean by the Indonesian Throughflow.
Qian Leng, Xinyu Guo, Junying Zhu, and Akihiko Morimoto
Biogeosciences, 20, 4323–4338, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4323-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4323-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Using a numerical model, we revealed that a large proportion of nutrients in a semi-enclosed sea (Seto Inland Sea, Japan) comes from the Pacific Ocean and supports about half of the phytoplankton growth in the sea. Such results imply that the human-made management of nutrient load from land needs to consider the presence of oceanic nutrients, which act as a background concentration and are not controlled by human activities.
Roxane Tzortzis, Andrea M. Doglioli, Monique Messié, Stéphanie Barrillon, Anne A. Petrenko, Lloyd Izard, Yuan Zhao, Francesco d'Ovidio, Franck Dumas, and Gérald Gregori
Biogeosciences, 20, 3491–3508, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3491-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3491-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We studied a finescale frontal structure in order to highlight its influence on the dynamics and distribution of phytoplankton communities. We computed the growth rates of several phytoplankton groups identified by flow cytometry in two water masses separated by the front. We found contrasted phytoplankton dynamics on the two sides of the front, consistent with the distribution of their abundances. Our study gives new insights into the physical and biological coupling on a finescale front.
Inès Mangolte, Marina Lévy, Clément Haëck, and Mark D. Ohman
Biogeosciences, 20, 3273–3299, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3273-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3273-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean fronts are ecological hotspots, associated with higher diversity and biomass for many marine organisms, from bacteria to whales. Using in situ data from the California Current Ecosystem, we show that far from being limited to the production of diatom blooms, fronts are the scene of complex biophysical couplings between biotic interactions (growth, competition, and predation) and transport by currents that generate planktonic communities with an original taxonomic and spatial structure.
Jing-Ying Wu, Siou-Yan Lin, Jung-Fu Huang, Chen-Tung Arthur Chen, Jia-Jang Hung, Shao-Hung Peng, and Li-Lian Liu
Biogeosciences, 20, 2693–2706, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2693-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2693-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The shallow-water hydrothermal vents off the Kueishan Island, Taiwan, have the most extreme records of pH values (1.52), temperatures (116 °C), and H2S concentrations (172.4 mmol mol−1) in the world. White and yellow vents differ in the color and physical and chemical characteristics of emitted plumes. We found that the feeding habits of the endemic vent crabs (Xenograpsus testudinatus) are adapted to their resident vent types at a distance of 100 m, and the trans-vent movement is uncommon.
Clément Haëck, Marina Lévy, Inès Mangolte, and Laurent Bopp
Biogeosciences, 20, 1741–1758, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1741-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1741-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Phytoplankton vary in abundance in the ocean over large regions and with the seasons but also because of small-scale heterogeneities in surface temperature, called fronts. Here, using satellite imagery, we found that fronts enhance phytoplankton much more where it is already growing well, but despite large local increases the enhancement for the region is modest (5 %). We also found that blooms start 1 to 2 weeks earlier over fronts. These effects may have implications for ecosystems.
Cédric Bacour, Natasha MacBean, Frédéric Chevallier, Sébastien Léonard, Ernest N. Koffi, and Philippe Peylin
Biogeosciences, 20, 1089–1111, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1089-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1089-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The impact of assimilating different dataset combinations on regional to global-scale C budgets is explored with the ORCHIDEE model. Assimilating simultaneously multiple datasets is preferable to optimize the values of the model parameters and avoid model overfitting. The challenges in constraining soil C disequilibrium using atmospheric CO2 data are highlighted for an accurate prediction of the land sink distribution.
Matti Kämäräinen, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Markku Kulmala, Ivan Mammarella, Juha Aalto, Henriikka Vekuri, Annalea Lohila, and Anna Lintunen
Biogeosciences, 20, 897–909, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-897-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-897-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we introduce a new method for modeling the exchange of carbon between the atmosphere and a study site located in a boreal forest in southern Finland. Our method yields more accurate results than previous approaches in this context. Accurately estimating carbon exchange is crucial for gaining a better understanding of the role of forests in regulating atmospheric carbon and addressing climate change.
Stéphanie Barrillon, Robin Fuchs, Anne A. Petrenko, Caroline Comby, Anthony Bosse, Christophe Yohia, Jean-Luc Fuda, Nagib Bhairy, Frédéric Cyr, Andrea M. Doglioli, Gérald Grégori, Roxane Tzortzis, Francesco d'Ovidio, and Melilotus Thyssen
Biogeosciences, 20, 141–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-141-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-141-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Extreme weather events can have a major impact on ocean physics and biogeochemistry, but their study is challenging. In May 2019, an intense storm occurred in the north-western Mediterranean Sea, during which in situ multi-platform measurements were performed. The results show a strong impact on the surface phytoplankton, highlighting the need for high-resolution measurements coupling physics and biology during these violent events that may become more common in the context of global change.
Darren C. McKee, Scott C. Doney, Alice Della Penna, Emmanuel S. Boss, Peter Gaube, Michael J. Behrenfeld, and David M. Glover
Biogeosciences, 19, 5927–5952, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5927-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5927-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As phytoplankton (small, drifting photosynthetic organisms) drift with ocean currents, biomass accumulation rates should be evaluated in a Lagrangian (observer moves with a fluid parcel) as opposed to an Eulerian (observer is stationary) framework. Here, we use profiling floats and surface drifters combined with satellite data to analyse time and length scales of chlorophyll concentrations (a proxy for biomass) and of velocity to quantify how phytoplankton variability is related to water motion.
Karo Michaelian and Aleksandar Simeonov
Biogeosciences, 19, 4029–4034, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4029-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4029-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We reply to Lars Björn's critique of our article concerning the importance of photon dissipation to the origin and evolution of the biosphere. Björn doubts our assertion that organic pigments, ecosystems, and the biosphere arose out of a non-equilibrium thermodynamic imperative to increase global photon dissipation. He shows that the albedo of some non-living material is less than that of living material. We point out, however, that photon dissipation involves other factors besides albedo.
Reint Fischer, Delphine Lobelle, Merel Kooi, Albert Koelmans, Victor Onink, Charlotte Laufkötter, Linda Amaral-Zettler, Andrew Yool, and Erik van Sebille
Biogeosciences, 19, 2211–2234, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2211-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2211-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Since current estimates show that only about 1 % of the all plastic that enters the ocean is floating at the surface, we look at subsurface processes that can cause vertical movement of (micro)plastic. We investigate how modelled algal attachment and the ocean's vertical movement can cause particles to sink and oscillate in the open ocean. Particles can sink to depths of > 5000 m in regions with high wind intensity and mainly remain close to the surface with low winds and biological activity.
Michelle Viswanathan, Tobias K. D. Weber, Sebastian Gayler, Juliane Mai, and Thilo Streck
Biogeosciences, 19, 2187–2209, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2187-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2187-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We analysed the evolution of model parameter uncertainty and prediction error as we updated parameters of a maize phenology model based on yearly observations, by sequentially applying Bayesian calibration. Although parameter uncertainty was reduced, prediction quality deteriorated when calibration and prediction data were from different maize ripening groups or temperature conditions. The study highlights that Bayesian methods should account for model limitations and inherent data structures.
Jessica Kolbusz, Tim Langlois, Charitha Pattiaratchi, and Simon de Lestang
Biogeosciences, 19, 517–539, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-517-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-517-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Western rock lobster larvae spend up to 11 months in offshore waters before ocean currents and their ability to swim transport them back to the coast. In 2008, there was a reduction in the number of puerulus (larvae) settling into the fishery. We use an oceanographic model to see how the environment may have contributed to the reduction. Our results show that a combination of effects from local currents and a widespread quiet period in the ocean off WA likely led to less puerulus settlement.
Rémy Asselot, Frank Lunkeit, Philip B. Holden, and Inga Hense
Biogeosciences, 19, 223–239, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-223-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-223-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Previous studies show that phytoplankton light absorption can warm the atmosphere, but how this warming occurs is still unknown. We compare the importance of air–sea heat versus CO2 flux in the phytoplankton-induced atmospheric warming and determine the main driver. To shed light on this research question, we conduct simulations with a climate model of intermediate complexity. We show that phytoplankton mainly warms the atmosphere by increasing the air–sea CO2 flux.
Roxane Tzortzis, Andrea M. Doglioli, Stéphanie Barrillon, Anne A. Petrenko, Francesco d'Ovidio, Lloyd Izard, Melilotus Thyssen, Ananda Pascual, Bàrbara Barceló-Llull, Frédéric Cyr, Marc Tedetti, Nagib Bhairy, Pierre Garreau, Franck Dumas, and Gérald Gregori
Biogeosciences, 18, 6455–6477, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6455-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6455-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This work analyzes an original high-resolution data set collected in the Mediterranean Sea. The major result is the impact of a fine-scale frontal structure on the distribution of phytoplankton groups, in an area of moderate energy with oligotrophic conditions. Our results provide an in situ confirmation of the findings obtained by previous modeling studies and remote sensing about the structuring effect of the fine-scale ocean dynamics on the structure of the phytoplankton community.
Johannes Vogel, Eva Paton, and Valentin Aich
Biogeosciences, 18, 5903–5927, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5903-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5903-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates extreme ecosystem impacts evoked by temperature and soil moisture in the Mediterranean Basin for the time span 1999–2019 with a specific focus on seasonal variations. The analysis showed that ecosystem vulnerability is caused by several varying combinations of both drivers during the yearly cycle. The approach presented here helps to provide insights on the specific phenological stage of the year in which ecosystem vulnerability to a certain climatic condition occurs.
Mara Freilich, Alexandre Mignot, Glenn Flierl, and Raffaele Ferrari
Biogeosciences, 18, 5595–5607, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5595-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5595-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Observations reveal that in some regions phytoplankton biomass increases during the wintertime when growth conditions are sub-optimal, which has been attributed to a release from grazing during mixed layer deepening. Measurements of grazer populations to support this theory are lacking. We demonstrate that a release from grazing when the winter mixed layer is deepening holds only for certain grazing models, extending the use of phytoplankton observations to make inferences about grazer dynamics.
Shuangling Chen, Mark L. Wells, Rui Xin Huang, Huijie Xue, Jingyuan Xi, and Fei Chai
Biogeosciences, 18, 5539–5554, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5539-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5539-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Subduction transports surface waters to the oceanic interior, which can supply significant amounts of carbon and oxygen to the twilight zone. Using a novel BGC-Argo dataset covering the western North Pacific, we successfully identified the imprints of episodic shallow subduction patches. These subduction patches were observed mainly in spring and summer (70.6 %), and roughly half of them extended below ~ 450 m, injecting carbon- and oxygen-enriched waters into the ocean interior.
Sergey V. Stanichny, Elena A. Kubryakova, and Arseny A. Kubryakov
Biogeosciences, 18, 3173–3188, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3173-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3173-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, we show that the short-term impact of tropical cyclones can trigger the intense, long-term bloom of coccolithophores, which are major marine calcifiers playing an important role in the balance and fluxes of inorganic carbon in the ocean. In our paper, we describe the evolution of and physical reasons for such an unusual bloom observed in autumn 2005 in the Black Sea on the basis of satellite data.
Fengshan Liu, Ying Chen, Nini Bai, Dengpan Xiao, Huizi Bai, Fulu Tao, and Quansheng Ge
Biogeosciences, 18, 2275–2287, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2275-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2275-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The sowing date is key to the surface biophysical processes in the winter dormancy period. The climate effect of the sowing date shift is therefore very interesting and may contribute to the mitigation of climate change. An earlier sowing date always had a higher LAI but a higher temperature in the dormancy period and a lower temperature in the growth period. The main reason was the relative contributions of the surface albedo and energy partitioning processes.
Peter Aartsma, Johan Asplund, Arvid Odland, Stefanie Reinhardt, and Hans Renssen
Biogeosciences, 18, 1577–1599, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1577-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1577-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In the literature, it is generally assumed that alpine lichen heaths keep their direct environment cool due to their relatively high albedo. However, we reveal that the soil temperature and soil heat flux are higher below lichens than below shrubs during the growing season, despite a lower net radiation for lichens. We also show that the differences in microclimatic conditions between these two vegetation types are more pronounced during warm and sunny days than during cold and cloudy days.
Oleg Sizov, Ekaterina Ezhova, Petr Tsymbarovich, Andrey Soromotin, Nikolay Prihod'ko, Tuukka Petäjä, Sergej Zilitinkevich, Markku Kulmala, Jaana Bäck, and Kajar Köster
Biogeosciences, 18, 207–228, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-207-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-207-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In changing climate, tundra is expected to turn into shrubs and trees, diminishing reindeer pasture and increasing risks of tick-borne diseases. However, this transition may require a disturbance. Fires in Siberia are increasingly widespread. We studied wildfire dynamics and tundra–forest transition over 60 years in northwest Siberia near the Arctic Circle. Based on satellite data analysis, we found that transition occurs in 40 %–85 % of burned tundra compared to 5 %–15 % in non-disturbed areas.
Kaveh Purkiani, André Paul, Annemiek Vink, Maren Walter, Michael Schulz, and Matthias Haeckel
Biogeosciences, 17, 6527–6544, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6527-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6527-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
There has been a steady increase in interest in mining of deep-sea minerals in the eastern Pacific Ocean recently. The ocean state in this region is known to be highly influenced by rotating bodies of water (eddies), some of which can travel long distances in the ocean and impact the deeper layers of the ocean. Better insight into the variability of eddy activity in this region is of great help to mitigate the impact of the benthic ecosystem from future potential deep-sea mining activity.
Jing Yan, Nathaniel A. Bogie, and Teamrat A. Ghezzehei
Biogeosciences, 17, 6377–6392, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6377-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6377-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
An uneven supply of water and nutrients in soils often drives how plants behave. We observed that plants extract all their required nutrients from dry soil patches in sufficient quantity, provided adequate water is available elsewhere in the root zone. Roots in nutrient-rich dry patches facilitate the nutrient acquisition by extensive growth, water release, and modifying water retention in their immediate environment. The findings are valuable in managing nutrient losses in agricultural systems.
Onur Kerimoglu, Yoana G. Voynova, Fatemeh Chegini, Holger Brix, Ulrich Callies, Richard Hofmeister, Knut Klingbeil, Corinna Schrum, and Justus E. E. van Beusekom
Biogeosciences, 17, 5097–5127, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5097-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5097-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, using extensive field observations and a numerical model, we analyzed the physical and biogeochemical structure of a coastal system following an extreme flood event. Our results suggest that a number of anomalous observations were driven by a co-occurrence of peculiar meteorological conditions and increased riverine discharges. Our results call for attention to the combined effects of hydrological and meteorological extremes that are anticipated to increase in frequency.
Amandine Erktan, Matthias C. Rillig, Andrea Carminati, Alexandre Jousset, and Stefan Scheu
Biogeosciences, 17, 4961–4980, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4961-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Soil aggregation is crucial for soil functioning. While the role of bacteria and fungi in soil aggregation is well established, how predators feeding on microbes modify soil aggregation has hardly been investigated. We showed for the first time that protists modify soil aggregation, presumably through changes in the production of bacterial mucilage, and that collembolans reduce soil aggregation, presumably by reducing the abundance of saprotrophic fungi.
Wei Hu, Kotaro Murata, Chunlan Fan, Shu Huang, Hiromi Matsusaki, Pingqing Fu, and Daizhou Zhang
Biogeosciences, 17, 4477–4487, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4477-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4477-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This paper reports the first estimate of the status of bacteria in long-distance-transported Asian dust, demonstrating that airborne dust, which can carry viable and nonviable bacteria on particle surfaces, is an efficient medium for constantly spreading bacteria at regional and even global scales. Such data are essential to better model and understand the roles and activities of bioaerosols in environmental evolution and climate change and the potential risks of bioaerosols to human health.
Inge Grünberg, Evan J. Wilcox, Simon Zwieback, Philip Marsh, and Julia Boike
Biogeosciences, 17, 4261–4279, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4261-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4261-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Based on topsoil temperature data for different vegetation types at a low Arctic tundra site, we found large small-scale variability. Winter temperatures were strongly influenced by vegetation through its effects on snow. Summer temperatures were similar below most vegetation types and not consistently related to late summer permafrost thaw depth. Given that vegetation type defines the relationship between winter and summer soil temperature and thaw depth, it controls permafrost vulnerability.
Long Jiang, Theo Gerkema, Jacco C. Kromkamp, Daphne van der Wal, Pedro Manuel Carrasco De La Cruz, and Karline Soetaert
Biogeosciences, 17, 4135–4152, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4135-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4135-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A seaward increasing chlorophyll-a gradient is observed during the spring bloom in a Dutch tidal bay. Biophysical model runs indicate the roles of bivalve grazing and tidal import in shaping the gradient. Five common spatial phytoplankton patterns are summarized in global estuarine–coastal ecosystems: seaward increasing, seaward decreasing, concave with a chlorophyll maximum, weak spatial gradients, and irregular patterns.
Emil De Borger, Justin Tiano, Ulrike Braeckman, Tom Ysebaert, and Karline Soetaert
Biogeosciences, 17, 1701–1715, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1701-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1701-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
By applying a novel technique to quantify organism-induced sediment–water column fluid exchange (bioirrigation), we show that organisms in subtidal (permanently submerged) areas have similar bioirrigation rates as those that inhabit intertidal areas (not permanently submerged), but organisms in the latter irrigate deeper burrows in this study. Our results expand on traditional methods to quantify bioirrigation rates and broaden the pool of field measurements of bioirrigation rates.
Sheila N. Estrada-Allis, Julio Sheinbaum Pardo, Joao M. Azevedo Correia de Souza, Cecilia Elizabeth Enríquez Ortiz, Ismael Mariño Tapia, and Jorge A. Herrera-Silveira
Biogeosciences, 17, 1087–1111, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1087-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1087-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Continental shelves are the most productive areas in the ocean and can have an important impact on the nutrient cycle as well as the climate system. The one in Yucatán is the largest shelf in the Gulf of Mexico. However, its nutrient budget remains unidentifiable. Here we propose not only a general nutrient budget for the Yucatán Shelf but also the physical processes responsible for its pathway modulation through a physical–biogeochemical coupled model of the whole Gulf of Mexico.
Ashley Dubnick, Martin Sharp, Brad Danielson, Alireza Saidi-Mehrabad, and Joel Barker
Biogeosciences, 17, 963–977, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-963-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-963-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We found that glaciers with basal temperatures near the melting point mobilize more solutes, nutrients, and microbes from the underlying substrate and are more likely to promote in situ biogeochemical activity than glaciers with basal temperatures well below the melting point. The temperature at the base of glaciers is therefore an important control on the biogeochemistry of ice near glacier beds, and, ultimately, the potential solutes, nutrients, and microbes exported from glaciated watersheds.
Audrey Delpech, Anna Conchon, Olivier Titaud, and Patrick Lehodey
Biogeosciences, 17, 833–850, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-833-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-833-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Micronekton is an important, yet poorly known, component of the trophic chain, which partly contributes to the storage of CO2 in the deep ocean thanks to biomass vertical migrations. In this study, we characterize the ideal sampling regions to estimate the amount of biomass that undergoes theses migrations. We find that observations made in warm, nondynamic and productive waters reduce the error of the estimation by 20 %. This result should likely serve for future in situ network deployment.
Filippos Tagklis, Takamitsu Ito, and Annalisa Bracco
Biogeosciences, 17, 231–244, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-231-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-231-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Deoxygenation of the oceans is potentially one of the most severe ecosystem stressors resulting from global warming given the high sensitivity of dissolved oxygen to ocean temperatures. Climate models suggest that despite the thermodynamic tendency of the oceans to lose oxygen, certain regions experience significant changes in the biologically driven O2 consumption, resulting in a resistance against deoxygenation. Overturning circulation changes are responsible for such a behavior.
Mohammad Abdul Halim, Han Y. H. Chen, and Sean C. Thomas
Biogeosciences, 16, 4357–4375, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4357-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4357-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Using field data collected over 4 years across a range of stand ages, we investigated how seasonal surface albedo in boreal forest varies with stand age, stand structure, and composition. Our results indicate that successional change in species composition is a key driver of age–related patterns in albedo, with hardwood species associated with higher albedo. The patterns described have important implications for both climate modeling and
climate–smartboreal forest management.
Paul A. Moore, Maxwell C. Lukenbach, Dan K. Thompson, Nick Kettridge, Gustaf Granath, and James M. Waddington
Biogeosciences, 16, 3491–3506, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3491-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3491-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Using very-high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs), we assessed the basic structure and microtopographic variability of hummock–hollow plots at boreal and hemi-boreal sites primarily in North America. Using a simple model of peatland biogeochemical function, our results suggest that both surface heating and moss productivity may not be adequately resolved in models which only consider idealized hummock–hollow units.
Renee K. Gruber, Ryan J. Lowe, and James L. Falter
Biogeosciences, 16, 1921–1935, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1921-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1921-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Researchers from the University of Western Australia's Oceans Institute are studying large tides (up to 12 m range) that occur in the Kimberley region of Australia. These tides flush coral reefs with water rich in nutrients, which supports the growth of reef organisms. In this paper, we show how tidal cycles and seasons control nutrient availability on reefs. This study is among the first published accounts of reefs and water quality data in the remote and pristine Kimberley region.
Sergey A. Marakushev and Ol'ga V. Belonogova
Biogeosciences, 16, 1817–1828, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1817-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1817-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Among the existing theories of the autotrophic origin of life, CO2 is usually considered to be the carbon source for nascent autotrophic metabolism. However, ancestral carbon used in metabolism may have been derived from CH4 if the outflow of magma fluid to the surface of the Earth consisted mainly of methane. The hydrothermal system model is considered in the form of a phase diagram, which demonstrates the area of redox and P and T conditions favorable to development of primary methanotroph.
Venugopal Thushara, Puthenveettil Narayana Menon Vinayachandran, Adrian J. Matthews, Benjamin G. M. Webber, and Bastien Y. Queste
Biogeosciences, 16, 1447–1468, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1447-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1447-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Chlorophyll distribution in the ocean remains to be explored in detail, despite its climatic significance. Here, we document the vertical structure of chlorophyll in the Bay of Bengal using observations and a model. The shape of chlorophyll profiles, characterized by prominent deep chlorophyll maxima, varies in dynamically different regions, controlled by the monsoonal forcings. The present study provides new insights into the vertical distribution of chlorophyll, rarely observed by satellites.
Soeren Thomsen, Johannes Karstensen, Rainer Kiko, Gerd Krahmann, Marcus Dengler, and Anja Engel
Biogeosciences, 16, 979–998, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-979-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-979-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Physical and biogeochemical observations from an autonomous underwater vehicle in combination with ship-based measurements are used to investigate remote and local drivers of the oxygen and nutrient variability off Mauritania. Beside the transport of oxygen and nutrients characteristics from remote areas towards Mauritania also local remineralization of organic material close to the seabed seems to be important for the distribution of oxygen and nutrients.
Pascale Bouruet-Aubertot, Yannis Cuypers, Andrea Doglioli, Mathieu Caffin, Christophe Yohia, Alain de Verneil, Anne Petrenko, Dominique Lefèvre, Hervé Le Goff, Gilles Rougier, Marc Picheral, and Thierry Moutin
Biogeosciences, 15, 7485–7504, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7485-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7485-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The OUTPACE cruise took place between New Caledonia and French Polynesia. The main purpose was to understand how micro-organisms can survive in a very poor environment. One main source of nutrients is at depth, below the euphotic layer where micro-organisms live. The purpose of the turbulence measurements was to determine to which extent turbulence may
upliftnutrients into the euphotic layer. The origin of the turbulence that was found contrasted along the transect was also determined.
Daniel D. Richter, Sharon A. Billings, Peter M. Groffman, Eugene F. Kelly, Kathleen A. Lohse, William H. McDowell, Timothy S. White, Suzanne Anderson, Dennis D. Baldocchi, Steve Banwart, Susan Brantley, Jean J. Braun, Zachary S. Brecheisen, Charles W. Cook, Hilairy E. Hartnett, Sarah E. Hobbie, Jerome Gaillardet, Esteban Jobbagy, Hermann F. Jungkunst, Clare E. Kazanski, Jagdish Krishnaswamy, Daniel Markewitz, Katherine O'Neill, Clifford S. Riebe, Paul Schroeder, Christina Siebe, Whendee L. Silver, Aaron Thompson, Anne Verhoef, and Ganlin Zhang
Biogeosciences, 15, 4815–4832, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4815-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4815-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
As knowledge in biology and geology explodes, science becomes increasingly specialized. Given the overlap of the environmental sciences, however, the explosion in knowledge inevitably creates opportunities for interconnecting the biogeosciences. Here, 30 scientists emphasize the opportunities for biogeoscience collaborations across the world’s remarkable long-term environmental research networks that can advance science and engage larger scientific and public audiences.
Ivy Frenger, Matthias Münnich, and Nicolas Gruber
Biogeosciences, 15, 4781–4798, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4781-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4781-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Although mesoscale ocean eddies are ubiquitous in the Southern Ocean (SO), their regional and seasonal association with phytoplankton has not been quantified. We identify over 100 000 eddies and determine the associated phytoplankton biomass anomalies using satellite-based chlorophyll (Chl) as a proxy. The emerging Chl anomalies can be explained largely by lateral advection of Chl by eddies. This impact of eddies on phytoplankton may implicate downstream effects on SO biogeochemical properties.
Yi Sun, Xiong Z. He, Fujiang Hou, Zhaofeng Wang, and Shenghua Chang
Biogeosciences, 15, 4233–4243, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4233-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4233-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
To investigate how grazing alters litter composition, quality and decomposition, we collected litter from grazing (GP) and grazing exclusion paddocks (GEP) and incubated them in situ and across sites. Grazing increased litter N and grazing exclusion increased litter mass of palatable species and promoted SOC. Litter decomposed faster in GP and N was opposite. Site environment had more impact on litter decomposition. Results may be helpful in developing strategies to restore degraded grasslands.
Louise Rousselet, Alain de Verneil, Andrea M. Doglioli, Anne A. Petrenko, Solange Duhamel, Christophe Maes, and Bruno Blanke
Biogeosciences, 15, 2411–2431, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2411-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2411-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The patterns of the large- and fine-scale surface circulation on biogeochemical and biological distributions are examined in the western tropical South Pacific (WTSP) in the context of the OUTPACE oceanographic cruise. The combined use of in situ and satellite data allows for the identification of water mass transport pathways and fine-scale structures, such as fronts, that drive surface distribution of tracers and microbial community structures.
Alain de Verneil, Louise Rousselet, Andrea M. Doglioli, Anne A. Petrenko, Christophe Maes, Pascale Bouruet-Aubertot, and Thierry Moutin
Biogeosciences, 15, 2125–2147, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2125-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2125-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Oceanographic campaigns to measure biogeochemical processes popularly deploy drifters with onboard incubations to stay in a single body of water. Here, we aggregate physical data taken during such a cruise, OUTPACE, to independently test in a new approach whether the drifter really stayed in what can be considered a single biological or chemical environment. This study concludes that future campaigns would benefit from similar data collection and analysis to validate their sampling strategy.
Susan L. Brantley, David M. Eissenstat, Jill A. Marshall, Sarah E. Godsey, Zsuzsanna Balogh-Brunstad, Diana L. Karwan, Shirley A. Papuga, Joshua Roering, Todd E. Dawson, Jaivime Evaristo, Oliver Chadwick, Jeffrey J. McDonnell, and Kathleen C. Weathers
Biogeosciences, 14, 5115–5142, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5115-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5115-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This review represents the outcome from an invigorating workshop discussion that involved tree physiologists, geomorphologists, ecologists, geochemists, and hydrologists and developed nine hypotheses that could be tested. We argue these hypotheses point to the essence of issues we must explore if we are to understand how the natural system of the earth surface evolves, and how humans will affect its evolution. This paper will create discussion and interest both before and after publication.
Johanne H. Rydsaa, Frode Stordal, Anders Bryn, and Lena M. Tallaksen
Biogeosciences, 14, 4209–4227, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4209-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4209-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the atmospheric sensitivity to an expansion in shrub and tree cover in the northern Fennoscandia region. We applied a regional weather and climate model in evaluating biophysical effects of increased shrub cover at a fine resolution. We find that shrub cover increase causes a warming that is sensitive to the shrub and tree heights. Cooling effects include increased snow cover, cloud cover, and precipitation. We show that the net warming will likely increase in the future.
Qian Cai, Yulong Zhang, Zhanxiang Sun, Jiaming Zheng, Wei Bai, Yue Zhang, Yang Liu, Liangshan Feng, Chen Feng, Zhe Zhang, Ning Yang, Jochem B. Evers, and Lizhen Zhang
Biogeosciences, 14, 3851–3858, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3851-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3851-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Large yield gaps exist in rain-fed maize in semi-arid regions caused by frequent droughts halfway through the growing period due to uneven distribution of rainfall. It can be questioned whether irrigation systems are economically and ecologically required. Maize yield was not affected by mild water stress due to the morphological plasticity in root growth. Our results help to mitigate drought risk in dry-land agriculture.
Cited articles
Ascani, F., Richards, K. J., Firing, E., Grant, S., Johnson, K. S., Jia, Y.,
Lukas, R., and Karl, D. M.: Physical and biological controls of nitrate
concentrations in the upper subtropical North Pacific Ocean, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 93, 119–134,
2013.
Aumont, O. and Bopp, L.: Globalizing results from ocean in situ iron
fertilization studies, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 20, GB2017,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002591, 2006.
Aumont, O., Ethé, C., Tagliabue, A., Bopp, L., and Gehlen, M.: PISCES-v2: an ocean biogeochemical model for carbon and ecosystem studies, Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 2465–2513, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2465-2015, 2015.
Badan, Jr., A., Candela, J., Sheinbaum, J., and Ochoa, J.: Upper-layer
circulation in the approaches to Yucatan Channel, Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph Series, 161, 57–69, 2005.
Barnett, T. P., Pierce, D. W., and Schnur, R.: Detection of anthropogenic
climate change in the world's oceans, Science, 292, 270–274, 2001.
Behrenfeld, M. J., O'Malley, R. T., Siegel, D. A., McClain, C. R.,
Sarmiento, J. L., Feldman, G. C., Milligan, A. J., Falkowski, P. G.,
Letelier, R. M., and Boss, E. S.: Climate-driven trends in contemporary
ocean productivity, Nature, 444, 752–755, 2006.
Benitez-Nelson, C. R., Bidigare, R. R., Dickey, T. D., Landry, M. R.,
Leonard, C. L., Brown, S. L., Nencioli, F., Rii, Y. M., Maiti, K., Becker,
J. W., and Bibby, T. S.: Mesoscale eddies drive increased silica export in
the subtropical Pacific Ocean, Science, 316, 1017–1021, 2007.
Biggs, D. C. and Ressler, P. H.: Distribution and abundance of
phytoplankton, zooplankton, ichthyoplankton, and micronekton in the
deepwater Gulf of Mexico, Gulf of Mexico Science, 19, 2, https://doi.org/10.18785/goms.1901.02, 2001.
Bracco, A., Provenzale, A., and Scheuring, I.: Mesoscale vortices and the
paradox of the plankton, P. Roy. Soc. B-Bio., 267, 1795–1800, 2000.
Brodeau, L., Barnier, B., Treguier, A.-M., Penduff, T., and Gulev, S: An
ERA40-based atmospheric forcing for global ocean circulation models, Ocean Model, 31,
88–104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2009.10.005, 2010.
Brokaw, R. J., Subrahmanyam, B., and Morey, S. L.: Loop current and eddy
driven salinity variability in the Gulf of Mexico, Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 5978–5986,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL082931, 2019.
Chelton, D., DeSzoeke, R., Schlax, M., El Naggar, K., and Siwertz, N.:
Geographical variability of the first baroclinic Rossby radius of
deformation, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 433–460, 1998.
Ciani, D., Carton, X., Aguiar, A. B., Peliz, A., Bashmachnikov, I., Ienna,
F., Chapron, B., and Santoleri, R.: Surface signature of Mediterranean water
eddies in a long-term high-resolution simulation, Deep Sea Res. Pt. I, 130, 12–29, 2017.
Cooper, C., Forristall, G. Z., and Joyce, T. M.: Velocity and hydrographic
structure of two Gulf of Mexico warm-core rings, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 95, 1663–1679, 1990.
Cullen, J. J. and Eppley, R. W.: Chlorophyll maximum layers of the Southern-California Bight
and possible mechanisms of their formation and maintenance, Oceanol. Ac., 4, 23–32,
1981.
Cullen, J. J.: The deep chlorophyll maximum: Comparing vertical profiles of
chlorophyll a, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 39, 791–803, 1982.
Dai, A. and Trenberth, K. E.: Estimates of freshwater discharge from
continents: Latitudinal and seasonal variations, J. Hydrometeorol., 3, 660–687, 2002.
Damien, P., Bosse, A., Testor, P., Marsaleix, P., and Estournel, C.: Modeling Postconvective
Submesoscale Coherent Vortices in the Northwestern M editerranean Sea, J. Geophys. Res-Ocean., 122, 9937–9961, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012114, 2017.
Damien, P., Pasqueron de Fommervault, O., Sheinbaum, J., Jouanno, J.,
Camacho-Ibar, V. F., and Duteil, O.: Partitioning of the Open Waters of the
Gulf of Mexico Based on the Seasonal and Interannual Variability of
Chlorophyll Concentration, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 123, 2592–2614, 2018.
Danioux, E., Klein, P., and Rivière, P.: Propagation of wind energy into
the deep ocean through a fully turbulent mesoscale eddy field, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 38,
2224–2241, 2008.
Dewar, W. and Flierl G.: Some effects of the wind on rings, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 17,
1653–1667, 1987.
Doney, S. C., Glover, D. M., McCue, S. J., and Fuentes, M.: Mesoscale
variability of Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) satellite
ocean color: Global patterns and spatial scales, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 108, 3024, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JC000843, 2003.
Dong, C., Lin, X., Liu, Y., Nencioli, F., Chao, Y., Guan, Y., Chen, D., Dickey, T.,
and McWilliams, J. C. : Three-dimensional oceanic eddy analysis in the
Southern California Bight from a numerical product, J. Geophys. Res., 117, C00H14,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007354, 2012.
Donohue, K. A., Watts, D. R., Hamilton, P., Leben, R., and Kennelly, M.: Loop
current eddy formation and baroclinic instability, Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 76, 195–216, 2016.
d'Ovidio, F., De Monte, S., Della Penna, A., Cotté, C., and Guinet, C.:
Ecological implications of eddy retention in the open ocean: a Lagrangian
approach, J. Phys. A Math. Theor., 46, 254023, https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/46/25/254023, 2013.
Dufois, F., Hardman-Mountford, N. J., Greenwood, J., Richardson, A. J.,
Feng, M., Herbette, S., and Matear, R.: Impact of eddies on surface
chlorophyll in the South Indian Ocean, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 119, 8061–8077, 2014.
Dufois, F., Hardman-Mountford, N. J., Greenwood, J., Richardson, A. J.,
Feng, M., and Matear, R. J.: Anticyclonic eddies are more productive than
cyclonic eddies in subtropical gyres because of winter mixing, Sci. Adv., 2,
e1600282, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600282, 2016.
Dufois, F., Hardman-Mountford, N. J., Fernandes, M., Wojtasiewicz, B.,
Shenoy, D., Slawinski, D., Gauns., M., Greenwood., J., and Toresen, R.:
Observational insights into chlorophyll distributions of subtropical South
Indian Ocean eddies, Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, 3255–3264, 2017.
Dugdale, R. C. and Goering, J. J. :Uptake of new and regenerated forms of
nitrogen in primary productivity, Limnol. Oceanogr., 12, 196–206, 1967.
Early, J. J., Samelson, R. M., and Chelton, D. B.: The evolution and
propagation of quasigeostrophic ocean eddies, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 41, 1535–1555, 2011.
Elliott, B. A.: Anticyclonic rings in the Gulf of Mexico, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 1292–1309,
1982.
Eppley, R. W. and Peterson B. J.: Particulate organic matter flux and
planktonic new production in the deep ocean, Nature, 282, 677–680, 1979.
Falkowski, P., Ziemann, D., Kolber, Z., and Bienfang, P.: Role of eddy
pumping in enhancing primary production in the ocean, Nature, 352, 55–58, 1991.
Flierl, G. R.: Particle motions in large-amplitude wave fields, Geophys. Astro. Fluid, 18,
39–74, 1981.
Flierl, G. R. and McGillicuddy, D. J.: Mesoscale and submesoscale
physical-biological interactions, The Sea, 12, 113–185, 2002.
Forristall, G. Z., Schaudt, K. J., and Cooper, C. K.: Evolution and
kinematics of a Loop Current eddy in the Gulf of Mexico during 1985, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans,
97, 2173–2184, 1992.
Frolov, S. A., Sutyrin, G. G., Rowe, G. D., and Rothstein, L. M.: Loop Current
eddy interaction with the western boundary in the Gulf of Mexico, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 34,
2223–2237, 2004.
Garcia, H. E., Locarnini, R. A., Boyer, T. P., Antonov, J. I., Baranova, O.
K., Zweng, M. M., and Johnson D. R.: World Ocean Atlas 2009, in:
Dissolved oxygen, apparent oxygen utilization, and oxygen saturation (NOAA
Atlas NESDIS 70, edited by: Levitus, S., Vol. 3, Washington, DC: U.S. Government, Printing Office, 344 pp., 2010.
Garcia-Jove Navarro, M., Sheinbaum Pardo, J., and Jouanno, J.: Sensitivity
of Loop Current metrics and eddy detachments to different model
configurations: The impact of topography and Caribbean perturbations,
Atmosfera, 29, 235–265, https://doi.org/10.20937/ATM.2016.29.03.05, 2016.
Garçon, V. C., Oschlies, A., Doney, S. C., McGillicuddy, D., and Waniek,
J.: The role of mesoscale variability on plankton dynamics in the North
Atlantic, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 48, 2199–2226, 2001.
Gaube, P., Chelton, D. B., Strutton, P. G., and Behrenfeld, M. J.: Satellite
observations of chlorophyll, phytoplankton biomass, and Ekman pumping in
nonlinear mesoscale eddies, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 118, 6349–6370, 2013.
Gaube, P., McGillicuddy, D. J., Chelton, D. B., Behrenfeld, M. J., and
Strutton, P. G.: Regional variations in the influence of mesoscale eddies on
near-surface chlorophyll, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 119, 8195–8220, 2014.
Gaube, P., Chelton, D. B., Samelson, R. M., Schlax, M. G., and O'Neill, L.
W.: Satellite observations of mesoscale eddy-induced Ekman pumping, J. Phys. Oceanogr.,
45, 104–132, 2015.
Geider, R. J.: Light and temperature dependence of the carbon to chlorophyll
a ratio in microalgae and cyanobacteria: implications for physiology and
growth of phytoplankton, New Phytol., 106, 1–34, 1987.
Glenn, S. M. and Ebbesmeyer C. C.: Drifting buoy observations of a
loop current anticyclonic eddy, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 20, https://doi.org/10.1029/93JC02078, 1993.
Green, R. E., Bower, A. S., and Lugo-Fernández, A.: First autonomous
bio-optical profiling float in the Gulf of Mexico reveals dynamic
biogeochemistry in deep waters, PLOS ONE, 9, e101658, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101658, 2014.
Guo, M., Xiu, P., Li, S., Chai, F., Xue, H., Zhou, K., and Dai, M.: Seasonal
variability and mechanisms regulating chlorophyll distribution in mesoscale
eddies in the South China Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 122, 5329–5347, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012670,
2017.
Hamilton, P.: Eddy statistics from Lagrangian drifters and hydrography for
the northern Gulf of Mexico slope, J. Geophys. Res., 112, C09002,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003988, 2007.
Hamilton, P., Leben, R., Bower, A., Furey, H., and Pérez-Brunius, P.:
Hydrography of the Gulf of Mexico Using Autonomous Floats, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 48, 773–794,
https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-17-0205.1, 2018.
He, Q., Zhan, H., Shuai, Y., Cai, S., Li, Q. P., Huang, G., and Li, J.:
Phytoplankton bloom triggered by an anticyclonic eddy: The combined effect
of eddy Ekman pumping and winter mixing, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 122, 4886–4901, 2017.
Hernandez-Guerra, A. and Joyce, T. M.: Water masses and circulation in the
surface layers of the Caribbean at 66 W, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3497–3500,
https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL011230, 2000.
Herrmann, M., Somot, S., Sevault, F., Estournel, C., and Deque, M.: Modeling
the deep convection in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea using an
eddy-permitting and an eddy-resolving model: Case study of winter
1986–1987, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C04011, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003991, 2008.
Huang, J. and Xu, F: Observational evidence of subsurface chlorophyll
response to mesoscale eddies in the North Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, 8462–8470,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078408, 2018.
Jolliff, J. K., Kindle, J. C., Penta, B., Helber, R., Lee, Z., Shulman, I.,
Arnone, R., and Rowley, C. D.: On the relationship between
satellite-estimated bio-optical and thermal properties in the Gulf of
Mexico, J. Geophys. Res., 113, G01024, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JG000373,
2008.
Jouanno, J., Ochoa, J., Pallàs-Sanz, E., Sheinbaum, J., Andrade-Canto,
F., Candela, J., and Molines, J. M.: Loop current frontal eddies: Formation
along the Campeche Bank and impact of coastally trapped waves, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 46,
3339–3363, https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-16-0052.1, 2016.
Klein, P. and Lapeyre, G.: The oceanic vertical pump induced by mesoscale
and submesoscale turbulence, Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci., 1, 351–375, 2009.
Koszalka, I. M., Ceballos, L., and Bracco, A.: Vertical mixing and coherent
anticyclones in the ocean: the role of stratification, Nonlinear Process. Geophys., 17, 37–47, 2010.
Kouketsu, S., Tomita, H., Oka, E., Hosoda, S., Kobayashi, T., and Sato, K.:
The role of meso-scale eddies in mixed layer deepening and mode water
formation in the western North Pacific, in: New Developments in Mode-Water Research, Springer, Tokyo, 59–73, 2011.
Kunze, E.: Near-inertial wave propagation in geostrophic shear, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 15,
544–565, 1985.
Lascaratos, A. and Nittis, K.: A high-resolution three-dimensional
numerical study of intermediate water formation in the Levantine Sea, J. Geophys. Res.,
103, 18497–18511, 1998.
Lehahn, Y., d'Ovidio, F., Lévy, M., Amitai, Y., and Heifetz, E.: Long range
transport of a quasi isolated chlorophyll patch by an Agulhas ring,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L16610, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL048588, 2011.
Le Hénaff, M., Kourafalou, V. H., Morel, Y., and Srinivasan, A.:
Simulating the dynamics and intensification of cyclonic Loop Current Frontal
Eddies in the Gulf of Mexico, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 117, C02034, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007279, 2012.
Levitus, S.: Climatological atlas of the world ocean (NOAA Prof. Pap. 13), Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 173 pp., 1982.
Lévy, M., Ferrari, R., Franks, P. J., Martin, A. P., and Rivière,
P.: Bringing physics to life at the submesoscale. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L14602, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL052756, 2012.
Lévy, M., Franks, P. J. S., and Mith, K. S.: The role of submesoscale
currents in structuring marine ecosystems, Nat. Commun., 9, 4758, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07059-3, 2018.
Linacre, L., Lara-Lara, R., Camacho-Ibar, V., Herguera, J. C.,
Bazán-Guzmán, C., and Ferreira-Bartrina, V.: Distribution pattern of
picoplankton carbon biomass linked to mesoscale dynamics in the southern
gulf of Mexico during winter conditions, Deep Sea Res. Pt. I, 106, 55–67, 2015.
Linacre L., Durazo, R., Camacho-Ibar, V. F., Selph, K. E., Lara-Lara, J. R.,
Mirabal-Gómez, U., Bazán-Guzmán, C., Lago-Lestón, A.,
Fernández-Martín, E. M., and Sidón-Ceseña, K.: Picoplankton
Carbon Biomass Assessments and Distribution of Prochlorococcus Ecotypes
Linked to Loop Current Eddies During Summer in the Southern Gulf of Mexico,
J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 124, 8342–8359, 2019.
Lipphardt, B., Poje, A. C., Kirwan, A., Kantha, L., and Zweng, M.: Death of
three Loop Current rings, J. Mar. Res., 66, 25–60, 2008.
Madec, G.: NEMO ocean engine, Note Du Pole De Modelisation (Vol. 27), Paris, France: Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, 406 pp., 2016.
Madec, G., Bourdallé-Badie, R., Chanut, J., Clementi, E., Coward, A., Ethé, C., Iovino, C., Lea, D.,
Lévy, C., Lovato, T., Martin, N., Masson, S., Mocavero, S., Rousset, C., Storkey, D., Vancoppenolle,
M., Müeller, S., Nurser, G., Bell, M., and Samson, G.: NEMO ocean engine (Version v4.0), Notes Du
Pôle De Modélisation De L'institut Pierre-simon Laplace (IPSL), Zenodo [Dataset],
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1464816 (last access: 14 July 2021), 2019.
Mann, K. H. and Lazier, J. R. N.: Dynamics of marine ecosystems (3 Edn.),
Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing, 512 pp., 2006.
Mahadevan, A.: Ocean science: Eddy effects on biogeochemistry, Nature,
506, 168–169, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13048, 2014.
Martin, A. P. and Richards, K. J.: Mechanisms for vertical nutrient
transport within a North Atlantic mesoscale eddy, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 48, 757–773, 2001.
Mayot, N., D'Ortenzio, F., Taillandier, V., Prieur, L., de Fommervault, O.
P., Claustre, H., Bosse, A., Testor, P., and Conan, P.: Physical and
biogeochemical controls of the phytoplankton blooms in North Western
Mediterranean Sea: A multiplatform approach over a complete annual cycle
(2012–2013 DEWEX experiment), J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 122, 9999–10019, 2017.
McClain, C. R., Signorini, S. R., and Christian, J. R.: Subtropical gyre
variability observed by ocean-color satellites, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 51, 281–301, 2004.
McGillicuddy Jr., D. J.: Mechanisms of Physical-Biological-Biogeochemical
Interaction at the Oceanic Mesoscale, Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci., 8, 125–159,
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010814-015606, 2016.
McGillicuddy Jr., D. J., Robinson, A. R., Siegel, D. A., Jannasch, H. W.,
Johnson, R., Dickey, T. D., McNeil, J., Michaels, A. F., and Knap, A. H.:
Influence of mesoscale eddies on new production in the Sargasso Sea,
Nature, 394, 263–266, https://doi.org/10.1038/28367, 1998.
McGillicuddy Jr., D. J. and Robinson, A. R.: Eddy-induced nutrient supply
and new production in the Sargasso Sea, Deep Sea Res. Pt. I, 44, 1427–1450, 1997.
Meunier, T., Tenreiro, M., Pallàs-Sanz, E., Ochoa, J., Ruiz-Angulo, A.,
Portela, E., Cusí, S., Damien, P., and Carton, X.: Intrathermocline eddies
embedded within an anticyclonic vortex ring, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, 7624–7633,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077527, 2018a.
Meunier, T., Pallás-Sanz, E., Tenreiro, M., Rodriguez, E. P., Ochoa, J.,
Ruiz-Angulo, A., and Cusí, S.: The Vertical structure of a Loop Current
Eddy, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 123, 6070–6090, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC013801, 2018b.
Meunier, T., Sheinbaum, J., Pallàs-Sanz, E., Tenreiro, M., Ochoa, J.,
Ruiz-Angulo, A., Carton, X., and de Marez, C.: Heat Content Anomaly and Decay of
Warm-Core Rings: the Case of the Gulf of Mexico, Geophys. Res. Lett., 47, e2019GL085600, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL085600, 2020.
Mignot, A., Claustre, H., Uitz, J., Poteau, A., D'Ortenzio, F., and Xing,
X.: Understanding the seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton biomass and the
deep chlorophyll maximum in oligotrophic environments: A Bio-Argo float
investigation, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 28, 856–876, 2014.
Monterey, G. and Levitus, S.: Seasonal variability of mixed layer depth for
the World Ocean (NOAA Atlas NESDIS 14), Silver Spring, MD: National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 100 pp., 1997.
Muller-Karger, F. E., Walsh, J. J., Evans, R. H., and Meyers, M. B.: On the
seasonal phytoplankton concentration and sea surface temperature cycles of
the Gulf of Mexico as determined by satellites, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 12645–12665, 1991.
Myers, V. B. and Iverson, R. I.: Phosphorus and nitrogen limited
phytoplankton productivity in northeastern Gulf of Mexico coastal estuaries,
in: Estuaries and nutrients, Humana Press, 569–582, 1981.
Nencioli, F., Dong, C., Dickey, T., Washburn, L., and McWilliams, J. C.: A
vector geometry-based eddy detection algorithm and its application to a
high-resolution numerical model product and high-frequency radar surface
velocities in the Southern California Bight, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 27, 564–579,
https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JTECHO725.1, 2010.
Nof, D.: On the b-induced movement of isolated baroclinic eddies, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 11,
1662–1672, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1981)011,1662:OTIMOI.2.0.CO;2, 1981.
Nowlin Jr., W. D. and Parker, C. A.: Effects of a cold-air outbreak on
shelf waters of the Gulf of Mexico, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 4, 467–486, 1974.
Omand, M. M. and Mahadevan, A.: The shape of the oceanic nitracline, Biogeosciences, 12, 3273–3287, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3273-2015, 2015.
Omand, M. M., D'Asaro, E. A., Lee, C. M., Perry, M. J., Briggs, N.,
Cetinić, I., and Mahadevan, A.: Eddy-driven subduction exports
particulate organic carbon from the spring bloom, Science, 348, 222–225, 2015.
Oschlies, A. and Garcon, V.: Eddy-induced enhancement of primary production
in a model of the North Atlantic Ocean, Nature, 394, 266–269, https://doi.org/10.1038/28373, 1998.
Pallàs-Sanz, E., Candela, J., Sheinbaum, J., Ochoa, J., and Jouanno, J.:
Trapping of the near-inertial wave wakes of two consecutive hurricanes in
the Loop Current, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 121, 7431–7454, 2016.
Pasqueron de Fommervault, O., Perez-Brunius, P., Damien, P., Camacho-Ibar, V. F., and Sheinbaum, J.: Temporal variability of chlorophyll distribution in the Gulf of Mexico: bio-optical data from profiling floats, Biogeosciences, 14, 5647–5662, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5647-2017, 2017.
Passalacqua, G. A., Sheinbaum, J., and Martinez, J. A.: Sea surface
temperature influence on a winter cold front position and propagation:
Air-sea interactions of the “Nortes” winds in the Gulf of Mexico, Atmos. Sci. Lett., 17,
302–307, 2016.
Polovina, J. J., Howell, E. A., and Abecassis, M.: Ocean's least productive
waters are expanding, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L03618, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL031745, 2008.
Sathyendranath, S., Brewin, R. J. W., Müeller, D., Brockmann, C.,
Deschamps, P.-Y., Doerffer, R., Fomferra, N., Franz, B. A., Grant, M. G., Hu
C., Krasemann, H., Lee, Z., Maritorena, S., Devred, E., Mélin, F.,
Peters, M., Smyth, T., Steinmetz, F., Swinton, J., Werdell, J., and Regner, P.:
Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative: Approach and Initial Results, IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium,
2012, 2024–2027, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6350979, 2012.
Sherr, E. B. and Sherr, B. F.: Significance of predation by protists in
aquatic microbial food webs, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 81, 293–308, 2002.
Siegel, D. A., Behrenfeld, M. J., Maritorena, S., McClain, C. R., Antoine,
D., Bailey, S. W., Bontempi, P. S., Boss, E. S., Dierssen, H. M., Doney, S.
C., and Eplee Jr., R. E.: Regional to global assessments of phytoplankton
dynamics from the SeaWiFS mission, Remote Sens. Environ., 135, 77–91, 2013.
Sosa-Gutiérrez, R., Pallàs-Sanz, E., Jouanno, J., Chaigneau, A.,
Candela, J., and Tenreiro, M.: Erosion of the Subsurface Salinity Maximum of the
Loop Current Eddies From Glider Observations and a Numerical Model, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 125,
e2019JC015397, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015397, 2020.
Strickland, J. D. H.: Production of organic matter in the primary stages of
the marine food chain, Chem. Oceanogr., 1, 477–610, 1965.
Sturges, W. and Leben, R.: Frequency of ring separations from the Loop
Current in the Gulf of Mexico: A revised estimate, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 1814–1819, 2000.
Sweeney, E. N., McGillicuddy, D. J., and Buesseler, K. O. : Biogeochemical
impacts due to mesoscale eddy activity in the Sargasso Sea as measured at
the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS), Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 50, 3017–3039,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2003.07.008, 2003.
Tenreiro, M., Candela, J., Sanz, E. P., Sheinbaum, J., and Ochoa, J.:
Near-Surface and Deep Circulation Coupling in the Western Gulf of Mexico,
J. Phys. Oceanogr., 48, 145–161, 2018.
Travis, S. and Qiu, B.: Seasonal Reversal of the Near-Surface Chlorophyll
Response to the Presence of Mesoscale Eddies in the South Pacific
Subtropical Countercurrent, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 125, e2019JC015752, 2020.
Turner, J. S.: Buoyancy effects in fluids, New York, NY: Cambridge
University Press, 368 pp., 1973.
Turner, R. E., Rabalais, N. N., and Justic, D.: Predicting summer hypoxia in
the northern Gulf of Mexico: Riverine N, P, and Si loading, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 52, 139–148,
2006.
Vukovich, F. M.: Climatology of ocean features in the Gulf of Mexico using
satellite remote sensing data, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 37, 689–707,
https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO2989.1, 2007.
Waite, A. M., Pesant, S., Griffin, D. A., Thompson, P. A., and Holl, C. M.:
Oceanography, primary production and dissolved inorganic nitrogen uptake in
two Leeuwin Current eddies, Deep Sea Res., Pt. II, 54, 981–1002, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.03.001,
2007.
Wawrik, B., Paul, J., Bronk, D., John, D., and Gray, M.: High rates of ammonium
recycling drive phytoplankton productivity in the offshore Mississippi River
plume, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 35, 175–184, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame035175,
2004.
Weisberg, R. H. and Liu, Y.: On the Loop Current penetration into the Gulf
of Mexico, J. Geophys Res.-Oceans, 122, 9679–9694, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013330, 2017.
Williams, R. G.: Modification of ocean eddies by air-sea interaction, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans,
93, 15523–15533, 1988.
Zhao, J., Bower, A., Yang, J., and Lin, X.: Meridional heat transport
variability induced by mesoscale processes in the subpolar North Atlantic,
Nat. Commun., 9, 1124, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03134-x, 2018.
Zhong, Y. and Bracco, A.: Submesoscale impacts on horizontal and vertical
transport in the Gulf of Mexico, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 118, 5651–5668, 2013.
Short summary
The Gulf of Mexico deep waters are relatively poor in phytoplankton biomass due to low levels of nutrients in the upper layers. Using modeling techniques, we find that the long-living anticyclonic Loop Current eddies that are shed episodically from the Yucatan Channel strongly shape the distribution of phytoplankton and, more importantly, stimulate their growth. This results from the contribution of multiple mechanisms of physical–biogeochemical interactions discussed in this study.
The Gulf of Mexico deep waters are relatively poor in phytoplankton biomass due to low levels of...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint