Articles | Volume 14, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-827-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-827-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
24 Feb 2017
Research article |
| 24 Feb 2017
Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic
Andreia Rebotim
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of
Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Divisão de Geologia e Georecursos Marinhos, Instituto
Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6,
1495-006, Lisbon, Portugal
CCMAR – Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve,
Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Antje H. L. Voelker
Divisão de Geologia e Georecursos Marinhos, Instituto
Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6,
1495-006, Lisbon, Portugal
CCMAR – Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve,
Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Lukas Jonkers
MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of
Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Joanna J. Waniek
IOW – Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde,
18119 Rostock, Germany
Helge Meggers
Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Alfred Wegener
Institute, 27570 Bremenhaven, Germany
deceased
Ralf Schiebel
Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, 55128 Mainz,
Germany
Igaratza Fraile
Marine Research Division, AZTI Tecnalia, Pasaia Gipuzkoa 20110, Spain
Michael Schulz
MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of
Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Michal Kucera
MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of
Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Related authors
Sandra Domingues Gomes, William Fletcher, Abi Stone, Teresa Rodrigues, Andreia Rebotim, Dulce Oliveira, Maria F. Sánchez Goñi, Fatima Abrantes, and Filipa Naughton
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3334, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3334, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our study explores how rising CO2 at the end of the last ice age impacted vegetation in the Iberian Peninsula. By analyzing pollen and ocean temperatures in marine sediments, we found that higher CO2 helped forests expand, even in cool or dry conditions. This shows that CO2 played a key role in shaping ecosystems during climate shifts. Understanding this past response helps us see how different factors interact and provides insights into how today’s ecosystems might adapt to rapidly rising CO2.
Andreia Rebotim, Antje Helga Luise Voelker, Lukas Jonkers, Joanna J. Waniek, Michael Schulz, and Michal Kucera
J. Micropalaeontol., 38, 113–131, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-38-113-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-38-113-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
To reconstruct subsurface water conditions using deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera, we must fully understand how the oxygen isotope signal incorporates into their shell. We report δ18O in four species sampled in the eastern North Atlantic with plankton tows. We assess the size and crust effect on the isotopic δ18O and compared them with predictions from two equations. We reveal different patterns of calcite addition with depth, highlighting the need to perform species-specific calibrations.
Anjaly Govindankutty Menon, Aaron L. Bieler, Hanna Firrincieli, Rachel Alcorn, Niko Lahajnar, Catherine V. Davis, Ralf Schiebel, Dirk Nürnberg, Gerhard Schmiedl, and Nicolaas Glock
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1182, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1182, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Climate of the Past (CP).
Short summary
Short summary
The pore density (number of pores per unit area) of unicellular eukaryotes is used to reconstruct past bottom-water nitrate at the Sea of Okhotsk, the Gulf of California, the Mexican Margin and the Gulf of Guayaquil. The reconstructed bottom-water nitrate at the Sea of Okhotsk, the Gulf of California and the Gulf of Guayaquil are influenced by the intermediate water masses, while the nitrate at the Mexican Margin is related to the deglacial NO3− variability in the Pacific Deep Water.
Gilles Reverdin, Claire Waelbroeck, Antje H. L. Voelker, and Hanno Meyer
Ocean Sci., 21, 567–575, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-567-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-567-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Water isotopes in the ocean trace the freshwater exchanges between the ocean, the atmosphere, and the cryosphere and are used to investigate processes of the hydrological cycle. We illustrate offsets in seawater isotopic composition between different datasets that are larger than the expected variability that one often wants to explore. This highlights the need to share seawater isotopic composition samples dedicated to specific intercomparison of data produced in different laboratories.
Jean-Philippe Baudouin, Nils Weitzel, Maximilian May, Lukas Jonkers, Andrew M. Dolman, and Kira Rehfeld
Clim. Past, 21, 381–403, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-381-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-381-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Earth's past temperature reconstructions are critical for understanding climate change. We test the ability of these reconstructions using climate simulations. Uncertainties, mainly from past temperature measurement methods and age determination, impact reconstructions over time. While more data enhance accuracy for long-term trends, high-quality data are more important for short-term precision. Our study lays the groundwork for better reconstructions and suggests avenues for improvement.
Pauline Cornuault, Luc Beaufort, Heiko Pälike, Torsten Bickert, Karl-Heinz Baumann, and Michal Kucera
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-198, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-198, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Biogeosciences (BG).
Short summary
Short summary
We present new high-resolution data of the relative contribution of the two main pelagic carbonate producers (coccoliths and foraminifera) to the total pelagic carbonate production from the tropical Atlantic in past warm periods since the Miocene. Our findings suggests that the two groups responded differently to orbital forcing and oceanic changes in tropical ocean, but their proportion changes did not drive the changes in overall pelagic carbonate deposition.
Sandra Domingues Gomes, William Fletcher, Abi Stone, Teresa Rodrigues, Andreia Rebotim, Dulce Oliveira, Maria F. Sánchez Goñi, Fatima Abrantes, and Filipa Naughton
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3334, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3334, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our study explores how rising CO2 at the end of the last ice age impacted vegetation in the Iberian Peninsula. By analyzing pollen and ocean temperatures in marine sediments, we found that higher CO2 helped forests expand, even in cool or dry conditions. This shows that CO2 played a key role in shaping ecosystems during climate shifts. Understanding this past response helps us see how different factors interact and provides insights into how today’s ecosystems might adapt to rapidly rising CO2.
Aline Martins Mega, Teresa Rodrigues, Emilia Salgueiro, Maria Padilha, Henning Kuhnert, and Antje H. L. Voelker
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3185, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3185, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our research explores climatic changes during the Early-Middle Pleistocene (1006–750 kilo years) on the southern Portuguese margin. We found that warm, subtropical gyre related conditions dominated. However, those conditions were occasionally interrupted by extreme cold events during the glacial periods. Our data shows that these cold events, linked to changes in the North Atlantic’s circulation, reached as far south as 36° N and significantly impacting marine ecosystems in the surface ocean.
Xiaolei Pang, Antje H. L. Voelker, Sihua Lu, and Xuan Ding
Clim. Past, 20, 2103–2116, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2103-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2103-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our research discovered significant seasonal temperature variations in the North Atlantic's mid-latitudes during the early Late Pliocene. This highlights the necessity of using multiple methods to get a full picture of past climates, thus avoiding a biased understanding of the climate system. Moreover, our study reveals that the precession signal, which previously dominated surface temperature records, disappeared with the increased influence of the ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere.
Alexandra Auderset, Sandi M. Smart, Yeongjun Ryu, Dario Marconi, Haojia Abby Ren, Lena Heins, Hubert Vonhof, Ralf Schiebel, Janne Repschläger, Daniel M. Sigman, Gerald H. Haug, and Alfredo Martínez-García
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2291, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2291, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates foraminifera-bound nitrogen isotopes (FB-δ15N) as a tool to study the history of photosymbiosis in planktic foraminifera. By analysing multiple species from the South Atlantic, we found that FB-δ15N differentiates between species with dinoflagellate symbionts and those without, probably due to internal ammonium recycling in the former. Overall, this study provides strong support for FB-δ15N as a tool for exploring the evolution of symbiosis in marine ecosystems.
Nils Weitzel, Heather Andres, Jean-Philippe Baudouin, Marie-Luise Kapsch, Uwe Mikolajewicz, Lukas Jonkers, Oliver Bothe, Elisa Ziegler, Thomas Kleinen, André Paul, and Kira Rehfeld
Clim. Past, 20, 865–890, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-865-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-865-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The ability of climate models to faithfully reproduce past warming episodes is a valuable test considering potentially large future warming. We develop a new method to compare simulations of the last deglaciation with temperature reconstructions. We find that reconstructions differ more between regions than simulations, potentially due to deficiencies in the simulation design, models, or reconstructions. Our work is a promising step towards benchmarking simulations of past climate transitions.
Brian R. Crow, Lev Tarasov, Michael Schulz, and Matthias Prange
Clim. Past, 20, 281–296, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-281-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-281-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
An abnormally warm period around 400,000 years ago is thought to have resulted in a large melt event for the Greenland Ice Sheet. Using a sequence of climate model simulations connected to an ice model, we estimate a 50 % melt of Greenland compared to today. Importantly, we explore how the exact methodology of connecting the temperatures and precipitation from the climate model to the ice sheet model can influence these results and show that common methods could introduce errors.
Sabrina Hohmann, Michal Kucera, and Anne de Vernal
Clim. Past, 19, 2027–2051, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-2027-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-2027-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Drivers for dinocyst assemblage compositions differ regionally and through time. Shifts in the assemblages can sometimes only be interpreted robustly by locally and sometimes globally calibrated transfer functions, questioning the reliability of environmental reconstructions. We suggest the necessity of a thorough evaluation of transfer function performance and significance for downcore applications to disclose the drivers for present and fossil dinocyst assemblages in a studied core location.
Xiaoxu Shi, Alexandre Cauquoin, Gerrit Lohmann, Lukas Jonkers, Qiang Wang, Hu Yang, Yuchen Sun, and Martin Werner
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5153–5178, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5153-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5153-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a new climate model with isotopic capabilities and simulated the pre-industrial and mid-Holocene periods. Despite certain regional model biases, the modeled isotope composition is in good agreement with observations and reconstructions. Based on our analyses, the observed isotope–temperature relationship in polar regions may have a summertime bias. Using daily model outputs, we developed a novel isotope-based approach to determine the onset date of the West African summer monsoon.
Michal Kučera and Geert-Jan A. Brummer
J. Micropalaeontol., 42, 33–34, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-33-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-33-2023, 2023
Pauline Cornuault, Thomas Westerhold, Heiko Pälike, Torsten Bickert, Karl-Heinz Baumann, and Michal Kucera
Biogeosciences, 20, 597–618, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-597-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-597-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We generated high-resolution records of carbonate accumulation rate from the Miocene to the Quaternary in the tropical Atlantic Ocean to characterize the variability in pelagic carbonate production during warm climates. It follows orbital cycles, responding to local changes in tropical conditions, as well as to long-term shifts in climate and ocean chemistry. These changes were sufficiently large to play a role in the carbon cycle and global climate evolution.
Franziska Tell, Lukas Jonkers, Julie Meilland, and Michal Kucera
Biogeosciences, 19, 4903–4927, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4903-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4903-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyses the production of calcite shells formed by one of the main Arctic pelagic calcifiers, the foraminifera N. pachyderma. Using vertically resolved profiles of shell concentration, size and weight, we show that calcification occurs throughout the upper 300 m with an average production flux below the calcification zone of 8 mg CaCO3 m−2 d−1 representing 23 % of the total pelagic biogenic carbonate production. The production flux is attenuated in the twilight zone by dissolution.
Takasumi Kurahashi-Nakamura, André Paul, Ute Merkel, and Michael Schulz
Clim. Past, 18, 1997–2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1997-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1997-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
With a comprehensive Earth-system model including the global carbon cycle, we simulated the climate state during the last glacial maximum. We demonstrated that the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere both in the modern (pre-industrial) age (~280 ppm) and in the glacial age (~190 ppm) can be reproduced by the model with a common configuration by giving reasonable model forcing and total ocean inventories of carbon and other biogeochemical matter for the respective ages.
Gilles Reverdin, Claire Waelbroeck, Catherine Pierre, Camille Akhoudas, Giovanni Aloisi, Marion Benetti, Bernard Bourlès, Magnus Danielsen, Jérôme Demange, Denis Diverrès, Jean-Claude Gascard, Marie-Noëlle Houssais, Hervé Le Goff, Pascale Lherminier, Claire Lo Monaco, Herlé Mercier, Nicolas Metzl, Simon Morisset, Aïcha Naamar, Thierry Reynaud, Jean-Baptiste Sallée, Virginie Thierry, Susan E. Hartman, Edward W. Mawji, Solveig Olafsdottir, Torsten Kanzow, Anton Velo, Antje Voelker, Igor Yashayaev, F. Alexander Haumann, Melanie J. Leng, Carol Arrowsmith, and Michael Meredith
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 2721–2735, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2721-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2721-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The CISE-LOCEAN seawater stable isotope dataset has close to 8000 data entries. The δ18O and δD isotopic data measured at LOCEAN have uncertainties of at most 0.05 ‰ and 0.25 ‰, respectively. Some data were adjusted to correct for evaporation. The internal consistency indicates that the data can be used to investigate time and space variability to within 0.03 ‰ and 0.15 ‰ in δ18O–δD17; comparisons with data analyzed in other institutions suggest larger differences with other datasets.
Brian R. Crow, Matthias Prange, and Michael Schulz
Clim. Past, 18, 775–792, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-775-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-775-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
To better understand the climate conditions which lead to extensive melting of the Greenland ice sheet, we used climate models to reconstruct the climate conditions of the warmest period of the last 800 000 years, which was centered around 410 000 years ago. Surprisingly, we found that atmospheric circulation changes may have acted to reduce the melt of the ice sheet rather than enhance it, despite the extensive warmth of the time.
Geert-Jan A. Brummer and Michal Kučera
J. Micropalaeontol., 41, 29–74, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-41-29-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-41-29-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
To aid researchers working with living planktonic foraminifera, we provide a comprehensive review of names that we consider appropriate for extant species. We discuss the reasons for the decisions we made and provide a list of species and genus-level names as well as other names that have been used in the past but are considered inappropriate for living taxa, stating the reasons.
Lukas Jonkers, Geert-Jan A. Brummer, Julie Meilland, Jeroen Groeneveld, and Michal Kucera
Clim. Past, 18, 89–101, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-89-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-89-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The variability in the geochemistry among individual foraminifera is used to reconstruct seasonal to interannual climate variability. This method requires that each foraminifera shell accurately records environmental conditions, which we test here using a sediment trap time series. Even in the absence of environmental variability, planktonic foraminifera display variability in their stable isotope ratios that needs to be considered in the interpretation of individual foraminifera data.
Lukas Jonkers, Oliver Bothe, and Michal Kucera
Clim. Past, 17, 2577–2581, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2577-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2577-2021, 2021
Julie Meilland, Michael Siccha, Maike Kaffenberger, Jelle Bijma, and Michal Kucera
Biogeosciences, 18, 5789–5809, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5789-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5789-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Planktonic foraminifera population dynamics has long been assumed to be controlled by synchronous reproduction and ontogenetic vertical migration (OVM). Due to contradictory observations, this concept became controversial. We here test it in the Atlantic ocean for four species of foraminifera representing the main clades. Our observations support the existence of synchronised reproduction and OVM but show that more than half of the population does not follow the canonical trajectory.
Markus Raitzsch, Jelle Bijma, Torsten Bickert, Michael Schulz, Ann Holbourn, and Michal Kučera
Clim. Past, 17, 703–719, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-703-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-703-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
At approximately 14 Ma, the East Antarctic Ice Sheet expanded to almost its current extent, but the role of CO2 in this major climate transition is not entirely known. We show that atmospheric CO2 might have varied on 400 kyr cycles linked to the eccentricity of the Earth’s orbit. The resulting change in weathering and ocean carbon cycle affected atmospheric CO2 in a way that CO2 rose after Antarctica glaciated, helping to stabilize the climate system on its way to the “ice-house” world.
Kaveh Purkiani, André Paul, Annemiek Vink, Maren Walter, Michael Schulz, and Matthias Haeckel
Biogeosciences, 17, 6527–6544, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6527-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6527-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
There has been a steady increase in interest in mining of deep-sea minerals in the eastern Pacific Ocean recently. The ocean state in this region is known to be highly influenced by rotating bodies of water (eddies), some of which can travel long distances in the ocean and impact the deeper layers of the ocean. Better insight into the variability of eddy activity in this region is of great help to mitigate the impact of the benthic ecosystem from future potential deep-sea mining activity.
Catarina Cavaleiro, Antje H. L. Voelker, Heather Stoll, Karl-Heinz Baumann, and Michal Kucera
Clim. Past, 16, 2017–2037, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2017-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2017-2020, 2020
Bronwen L. Konecky, Nicholas P. McKay, Olga V. Churakova (Sidorova), Laia Comas-Bru, Emilie P. Dassié, Kristine L. DeLong, Georgina M. Falster, Matt J. Fischer, Matthew D. Jones, Lukas Jonkers, Darrell S. Kaufman, Guillaume Leduc, Shreyas R. Managave, Belen Martrat, Thomas Opel, Anais J. Orsi, Judson W. Partin, Hussein R. Sayani, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Diane M. Thompson, Jonathan J. Tyler, Nerilie J. Abram, Alyssa R. Atwood, Olivier Cartapanis, Jessica L. Conroy, Mark A. Curran, Sylvia G. Dee, Michael Deininger, Dmitry V. Divine, Zoltán Kern, Trevor J. Porter, Samantha L. Stevenson, Lucien von Gunten, and Iso2k Project Members
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 2261–2288, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2261-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2261-2020, 2020
Douglas Lessa, Raphaël Morard, Lukas Jonkers, Igor M. Venancio, Runa Reuter, Adrian Baumeister, Ana Luiza Albuquerque, and Michal Kucera
Biogeosciences, 17, 4313–4342, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4313-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4313-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We observed that living planktonic foraminifera had distinct vertically distributed communities across the Subtropical South Atlantic. In addition, a hierarchic alternation of environmental parameters was measured to control the distribution of planktonic foraminifer's species depending on the water depth. This implies that not only temperature but also productivity and subsurface processes are signed in fossil assemblages, which could be used to perform paleoceanographic reconstructions.
Lukas Jonkers, Olivier Cartapanis, Michael Langner, Nick McKay, Stefan Mulitza, Anne Strack, and Michal Kucera
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 1053–1081, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1053-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1053-2020, 2020
Takasumi Kurahashi-Nakamura, André Paul, Guy Munhoven, Ute Merkel, and Michael Schulz
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 825–840, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-825-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-825-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Chemical processes in ocean-floor sediments have a large influence on the marine carbon cycle, hence the global climate, at long timescales. We developed a new coupling scheme for a chemical sediment model and a comprehensive climate model. The new coupled model outperformed the original uncoupled climate model in reproducing the global distribution of sediment properties. The sediment model will also act as a
bridgebetween the ocean model and paleoceanographic data.
Anna Jentzen, Joachim Schönfeld, Agnes K. M. Weiner, Manuel F. G. Weinkauf, Dirk Nürnberg, and Michal Kučera
J. Micropalaeontol., 38, 231–247, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-38-231-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-38-231-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The study assessed the population dynamics of living planktic foraminifers on a weekly, seasonal, and interannual timescale off the coast of Puerto Rico to improve our understanding of short- and long-term variations. The results indicate a seasonal change of the faunal composition, and over the last decades. Lower standing stocks and lower stable carbon isotope values of foraminifers in shallow waters can be linked to the hurricane Sandy, which passed the Greater Antilles during autumn 2012.
Mattia Greco, Lukas Jonkers, Kerstin Kretschmer, Jelle Bijma, and Michal Kucera
Biogeosciences, 16, 3425–3437, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3425-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3425-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
To be able to interpret the paleoecological signal contained in N. pachyderma's shells, its habitat depth must be known. Our investigation on 104 density profiles of this species from the Arctic and North Atlantic shows that specimens reside closer to the surface when sea-ice and/or surface chlorophyll concentrations are high. This is in contrast with previous investigations that pointed at the position of the deep chlorophyll maximum as the main driver of N. pachyderma vertical distribution.
Haruka Takagi, Katsunori Kimoto, Tetsuichi Fujiki, Hiroaki Saito, Christiane Schmidt, Michal Kucera, and Kazuyoshi Moriya
Biogeosciences, 16, 3377–3396, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3377-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3377-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Photosymbiosis (endosymbiosis with algae) is an evolutionary important ecology for many marine organisms but has poorly been identified among planktonic foraminifera. In this study, we identified and characterized photosymbiosis of various species of planktonic foraminifera by focusing on their photosynthesis–related features. We finally proposed a new framework showing a potential strength of photosymbiosis, which will serve as a basis for future ecological studies of planktonic foraminifera.
Andreia Rebotim, Antje Helga Luise Voelker, Lukas Jonkers, Joanna J. Waniek, Michael Schulz, and Michal Kucera
J. Micropalaeontol., 38, 113–131, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-38-113-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-38-113-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
To reconstruct subsurface water conditions using deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera, we must fully understand how the oxygen isotope signal incorporates into their shell. We report δ18O in four species sampled in the eastern North Atlantic with plankton tows. We assess the size and crust effect on the isotopic δ18O and compared them with predictions from two equations. We reveal different patterns of calcite addition with depth, highlighting the need to perform species-specific calibrations.
Charlotte Breitkreuz, André Paul, and Michael Schulz
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2019-52, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2019-52, 2019
Publication in CP not foreseen
Short summary
Short summary
We combined a model simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum ocean with sea surface temperature and calcite oxygen isotope data through data assimilation. The reconstructed ocean state is very similar to the modern and it follows that the employed proxy data do not require an ocean state very different from today's. Sensitivity experiments reveal that data from the deep North Atlantic but also from the global deep Southern Ocean are most important to constrain the Atlantic overturning circulation.
Lukas Jonkers and Michal Kučera
Clim. Past, 15, 881–891, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-881-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-881-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Fossil plankton assemblages have been widely used to reconstruct SST. In such approaches, full taxonomic resolution is often used. We assess whether this is required for reliable reconstructions as some species may not respond to SST. We find that only a few species are needed for low reconstruction errors but that species selection has a pronounced effect on reconstructions. We suggest that the sensitivity of a reconstruction to species pruning can be used as a measure of its robustness.
Charlotte Breitkreuz, André Paul, Stefan Mulitza, Javier García-Pintado, and Michael Schulz
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2019-32, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2019-32, 2019
Publication in GMD not foreseen
Short summary
Short summary
We present a technique for ocean state estimation based on the combination of a simple data assimilation method with a state reduction approach. The technique proves to be very efficient and successful in reducing the model-data misfit and reconstructing a target ocean circulation from synthetic observations. In an application to Last Glacial Maximum proxy data the model-data misfit is greatly reduced but some misfit remains. Two different ocean states are found with similar model-data misfit.
Nadia Al-Sabouni, Isabel S. Fenton, Richard J. Telford, and Michal Kučera
J. Micropalaeontol., 37, 519–534, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-519-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-519-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we investigate consistency in species-level identifications and whether disagreements are predictable. Overall, 21 researchers from across the globe identified sets of 300 specimens or digital images of planktonic foraminifera. Digital identifications tended to be more disparate. Participants trained by the same person often had more similar identifications. Disagreements hardly affected transfer-function temperature estimates but produced larger differences in diversity metrics.
Janet E. Burke, Willem Renema, Michael J. Henehan, Leanne E. Elder, Catherine V. Davis, Amy E. Maas, Gavin L. Foster, Ralf Schiebel, and Pincelli M. Hull
Biogeosciences, 15, 6607–6619, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Metabolic rates are sensitive to environmental conditions and can skew geochemical measurements. However, there is no way to track these rates through time. Here we investigate the controls of test porosity in planktonic foraminifera (organisms commonly used in paleoclimate studies) as a potential proxy for metabolic rate. We found that the porosity varies with body size and temperature, two key controls on metabolic rate, and that it can respond to rapid changes in ambient temperature.
Andrea Klus, Matthias Prange, Vidya Varma, Louis Bruno Tremblay, and Michael Schulz
Clim. Past, 14, 1165–1178, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1165-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1165-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Numerous proxy records from the northern North Atlantic suggest substantial climate variability including the occurrence of multi-decadal-to-centennial cold events during the Holocene. We analyzed two abrupt cold events in a Holocene simulation using a comprehensive climate model. It is shown that the events were ultimately triggered by prolonged phases of positive North Atlantic Oscillation causing changes in ocean circulation followed by severe cooling, freshening, and expansion of sea ice.
Kerstin Kretschmer, Lukas Jonkers, Michal Kucera, and Michael Schulz
Biogeosciences, 15, 4405–4429, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4405-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4405-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The fossil shells of planktonic foraminifera are widely used to reconstruct past climate conditions. To do so, information about their seasonal and vertical habitat is needed. Here we present an updated version of a planktonic foraminifera model to better understand species-specific habitat dynamics under climate change. This model produces spatially and temporally coherent distribution patterns, which agree well with available observations, and can thus aid the interpretation of proxy records.
Mari F. Jensen, Aleksi Nummelin, Søren B. Nielsen, Henrik Sadatzki, Evangeline Sessford, Bjørg Risebrobakken, Carin Andersson, Antje Voelker, William H. G. Roberts, Joel Pedro, and Andreas Born
Clim. Past, 14, 901–922, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-901-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-901-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We combine North Atlantic sea-surface temperature reconstructions and global climate model simulations to study rapid glacial climate shifts (30–40 000 years ago). Pre-industrial climate boosts similar, albeit weaker, sea-surface temperature variability as the glacial period. However, in order to reproduce most of the amplitude of this variability, and to see temperature variability in Greenland similar to the ice-core record, although with a smaller amplitude, we need forced simulations.
Amanda Frigola, Matthias Prange, and Michael Schulz
Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 1607–1626, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-1607-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-1607-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The application of climate models to study the Middle Miocene Climate Transition, characterized by major Antarctic ice-sheet expansion and global cooling at the interval 15–13 million years ago, is currently hampered by the lack of boundary conditions. To fill this gap, we compiled two internally consistent sets of boundary conditions, including global topography, bathymetry, vegetation and ice volume, for the periods before and after the transition.
Rike Völpel, André Paul, Annegret Krandick, Stefan Mulitza, and Michael Schulz
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 3125–3144, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3125-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3125-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the implementation of stable water isotopes in the MITgcm and describes the results of an equilibrium simulation under pre-industrial conditions. The model compares well to observational data and measurements of plankton tow records and thus opens wide prospects for long-term simulations in a paleoclimatic context.
Raphaël Morard, Franck Lejzerowicz, Kate F. Darling, Béatrice Lecroq-Bennet, Mikkel Winther Pedersen, Ludovic Orlando, Jan Pawlowski, Stefan Mulitza, Colomban de Vargas, and Michal Kucera
Biogeosciences, 14, 2741–2754, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2741-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2741-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The exploitation of deep-sea sedimentary archive relies on the recovery of mineralized skeletons of pelagic organisms. Planktonic groups leaving preserved remains represent only a fraction of the total marine diversity. Environmental DNA left by non-fossil organisms is a promising source of information for paleo-reconstructions. Here we show how planktonic-derived environmental DNA preserves ecological structure of planktonic communities. We use planktonic foraminifera as a case study.
Lukas Jonkers and Michal Kučera
Clim. Past, 13, 573–586, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-573-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-573-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Planktonic foraminifera – the most important proxy carriers in palaeoceanography – adjust their seasonal and vertical habitat. They are thought to do so in a way that minimises the change in their environment, implying that proxy records based on these organisms may not capture the full amplitude of past climate change. Here we demonstrate that they indeed track a particular thermal habitat and suggest that this could lead to a 40 % underestimation of reconstructed temperature change.
Philipp M. Munz, Stephan Steinke, Anna Böll, Andreas Lückge, Jeroen Groeneveld, Michal Kucera, and Hartmut Schulz
Clim. Past, 13, 491–509, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-491-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-491-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We present the results of several independent proxies of summer SST and upwelling SST from the Oman margin indicative of monsoon strength during the early Holocene. In combination with indices of carbonate preservation and bottom water redox conditions, we demonstrate that a persistent solar influence was modulating summer monsoon intensity. Furthermore, bottom water conditions are linked to atmospheric forcing, rather than changes of intermediate water masses.
Miguel Mallo, Patrizia Ziveri, P. Graham Mortyn, Ralf Schiebel, and Michael Grelaud
Biogeosciences, 14, 2245–2266, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2245-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2245-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Single-celled living calcareous planktic foraminifera data across the Mediterranean Sea suggest that stratification of the surface water column, food availability, temperature, and seawater carbonate chemistry are the main factors controlling their distribution and mass. Increasing temperature, salinity, surface ocean stratification, and trophic conditions could be the causes of reduced abundance, diversity and species-specific changes in calcification in planktic foraminifera.
Vidya Varma, Matthias Prange, and Michael Schulz
Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 3859–3873, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3859-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3859-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We compare the results from simulations of the present and the last interglacial, with and without acceleration of the orbital forcing, using a comprehensive coupled climate model. In low latitudes, the simulation of long-term variations in interglacial surface climate is not significantly affected by the use of the acceleration technique and hence model–data comparison of surface variables is therefore not hampered but major repercussions of the orbital forcing are obvious below thermocline.
Aurélie Penaud, Frédérique Eynaud, Antje Helga Luise Voelker, and Jean-Louis Turon
Biogeosciences, 13, 5357–5377, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5357-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5357-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents new analyses conducted at high resolution in the Gulf of Cadiz over the last 50 ky. Palaeohydrological changes in these subtropical latitudes are discussed through dinoflagellate cyst assemblages but also dinocyst transfer function results, implying sea surface temperature and salinity as well as annual productivity reconstructions. This study is thus important for our understanding of past and future productivity regimes, also implying consequences on the biological pump.
Rima Rachmayani, Matthias Prange, and Michael Schulz
Clim. Past, 12, 677–695, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-677-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-677-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
A set of 13 interglacial time slice experiments was carried out using a CCSM3-DGVM to study global climate variability between and within the Quaternary interglaciations of MIS 1, 5, 11, 13, and 15. Seasonal surface temperature anomalies can be explained by local insolation anomalies induced by the astronomical forcing in most regions and by GHG forcing at high latitudes and early Bruhnes interglacials. However, climate feedbacks may modify the surface temperature response in specific regions.
L. Jonkers, C. E. Reynolds, J. Richey, and I. R. Hall
Biogeosciences, 12, 3061–3070, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3061-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3061-2015, 2015
L. Jonkers and M. Kučera
Biogeosciences, 12, 2207–2226, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2207-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2207-2015, 2015
R. Rachmayani, M. Prange, and M. Schulz
Clim. Past, 11, 175–185, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-175-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-175-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The role of vegetation-precipitation feedbacks in modifying the North African rainfall response to enhanced early to mid-Holocene summer insolation is analysed using the climate-vegetation model CCSM3-DGVM. Dynamic vegetation amplifies the positive early to mid-Holocene summer precipitation anomaly by ca. 20% in the Sahara-Sahel region. The primary vegetation feedback operates through surface latent heat flux anomalies by canopy evapotranspiration and their effect on the African easterly jet.
I. Hessler, S. P. Harrison, M. Kucera, C. Waelbroeck, M.-T. Chen, C. Anderson, A. de Vernal, B. Fréchette, A. Cloke-Hayes, G. Leduc, and L. Londeix
Clim. Past, 10, 2237–2252, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-2237-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-2237-2014, 2014
A. J. Enge, U. Witte, M. Kucera, and P. Heinz
Biogeosciences, 11, 2017–2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2017-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2017-2014, 2014
M. F. G. Weinkauf, T. Moller, M. C. Koch, and M. Kučera
Biogeosciences, 10, 6639–6655, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6639-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6639-2013, 2013
Y. Milker, R. Rachmayani, M. F. G. Weinkauf, M. Prange, M. Raitzsch, M. Schulz, and M. Kučera
Clim. Past, 9, 2231–2252, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2231-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2231-2013, 2013
R. J. Telford, C. Li, and M. Kucera
Clim. Past, 9, 859–870, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-859-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-859-2013, 2013
P. Bakker, E. J. Stone, S. Charbit, M. Gröger, U. Krebs-Kanzow, S. P. Ritz, V. Varma, V. Khon, D. J. Lunt, U. Mikolajewicz, M. Prange, H. Renssen, B. Schneider, and M. Schulz
Clim. Past, 9, 605–619, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-605-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-605-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Paleobiogeoscience: Proxy use, Development & Validation
Exploring macroevolutionary links in multi-species planktonic foraminiferal Mg∕Ca and δ18O from 15 Ma to recent
Reviews and syntheses: Review of proxies for low-oxygen paleoceanographic reconstructions
A long-term drought reconstruction based on oxygen isotope tree ring data for central and eastern parts of Europe (Romania)
Deep-sea stylasterid δ18O and δ13C maps inform sampling scheme for paleotemperature reconstructions
Reconstructing Central African hydro-climate over the past century using freshwater bivalve shell geochemistry
Effects of photosymbiosis and related processes on planktic foraminifera-bound nitrogen isotopes in South Atlantic sediments
Disentangling influences of climate variability and lake-system evolution on climate proxies derived from isoprenoid and branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs): the 250 kyr Lake Chala record
Electron backscatter diffraction analysis unveils foraminiferal calcite microstructure and processes of diagenetic alteration
Quantifying the δ15N trophic offset in a cold-water scleractinian coral (CWC): implications for the CWC diet and coral δ15N as a marine N cycle proxy
Stable oxygen isotopes of crocodilian tooth enamel allow tracking Plio-Pleistocene evolution of freshwater environments and climate in the Shungura Formation (Turkana Depression, Ethiopia)
Charcoal morphologies and morphometrics of a Eurasian grass-dominated system for robust interpretation of past fuel and fire type
Single-species dinoflagellate cyst carbon isotope fractionation in core-top sediments: environmental controls, CO2 dependency and proxy potential
Past fire dynamics inferred from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and monosaccharide anhydrides in a stalagmite from the archaeological site of Mayapan, Mexico
Examination of the parameters controlling the triple oxygen isotope composition of grass leaf water and phytoliths at a Mediterranean site: a model–data approach
Biomarker characterization of the North Water Polynya, Baffin Bay: implications for local sea ice and temperature proxies
Technical note: No impact of alkenone extraction on foraminiferal stable isotope, trace element and boron isotope geochemistry
Experimental burial diagenesis of aragonitic biocarbonates: from organic matter loss to abiogenic calcite formation
A modern snapshot of the isotopic composition of lacustrine biogenic carbonates – records of seasonal water temperature variability
Performance of temperature and productivity proxies based on long-chain alkane-1, mid-chain diols at test: a 5-year sediment trap record from the Mauritanian upwelling
Validation of a coupled δ2Hn-alkane–δ18Osugar paleohygrometer approach based on a climate chamber experiment
Experimental production of charcoal morphologies to discriminate fuel source and fire type: an example from Siberian taiga
Toward a global calibration for quantifying past oxygenation in oxygen minimum zones using benthic Foraminifera
Calibration of Mg ∕ Ca and Sr ∕ Ca in coastal marine ostracods as a proxy for temperature
Technical note: Accelerate coccolith size separation via repeated centrifugation
Mg∕Ca, Sr∕Ca and stable isotopes from the planktonic foraminifera T. sacculifer: testing a multi-proxy approach for inferring paleotemperature and paleosalinity
Chemical destaining and the delta correction for blue intensity measurements of stained lake subfossil trees
Modern calibration of Poa flabellata (tussac grass) as a new paleoclimate proxy in the South Atlantic
Seawater pH reconstruction using boron isotopes in multiple planktonic foraminifera species with different depth habitats and their potential to constrain pH and pCO2 gradients
Bottom-water deoxygenation at the Peruvian margin during the last deglaciation recorded by benthic foraminifera
The pH dependency of the boron isotopic composition of diatom opal (Thalassiosira weissflogii)
Benthic foraminifera as tracers of brine production in the Storfjorden “sea ice factory”
Evaluation of bacterial glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether and 2H–18O biomarker proxies along a central European topsoil transect
Leaf wax n-alkane patterns and compound-specific δ13C of plants and topsoils from semi-arid and arid Mongolia
Organic-carbon-rich sediments: benthic foraminifera as bio-indicators of depositional environments
Strong correspondence between nitrogen isotope composition of foliage and chlorin across a rainfall gradient: implications for paleo-reconstruction of the nitrogen cycle
Environmental and biological controls on Na∕Ca ratios in scleractinian cold-water corals
Depth habitat of the planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma in the northern high latitudes explained by sea-ice and chlorophyll concentrations
Temporal variability in foraminiferal morphology and geochemistry at the West Antarctic Peninsula: a sediment trap study
Seasonality of archaeal lipid flux and GDGT-based thermometry in sinking particles of high-latitude oceans: Fram Strait (79° N) and Antarctic Polar Front (50° S)
Long-chain diols in settling particles in tropical oceans: insights into sources, seasonality and proxies
Multi-trace-element sea surface temperature coral reconstruction for the southern Mozambique Channel reveals teleconnections with the tropical Atlantic
Oxygen isotope composition of the final chamber of planktic foraminifera provides evidence of vertical migration and depth-integrated growth
Mg ∕ Ca and δ18O in living planktic foraminifers from the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico and Florida Straits
Manganese incorporation in living (stained) benthic foraminiferal shells: a bathymetric and in-sediment study in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean)
Effects of light and temperature on Mg uptake, growth, and calcification in the proxy climate archive Clathromorphum compactum
A systematic look at chromium isotopes in modern shells – implications for paleo-environmental reconstructions
Reviews and syntheses: Revisiting the boron systematics of aragonite and their application to coral calcification
Physico-chemical and biological factors influencing dinoflagellate cyst production in the Cariaco Basin
Effects of alkalinity and salinity at low and high light intensity on hydrogen isotope fractionation of long-chain alkenones produced by Emiliania huxleyi
Interplay of community dynamics, temperature, and productivity on the hydrogen isotope signatures of lipid biomarkers
Flavia Boscolo-Galazzo, David Evans, Elaine M. Mawbey, William R. Gray, Paul N. Pearson, and Bridget S. Wade
Biogeosciences, 22, 1095–1113, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1095-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1095-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Here we compare the Mg / Ca and oxygen isotope signatures for 57 recent to fossil species of planktonic foraminifera for the last 15 Myr. We find the occurrence of lineage-specific offsets in Mg / Ca conservative between ancestor-descendent species. Taking into account species kinship significantly improves temperature reconstructions, and we suggest that the occurrence of Mg / Ca offsets in modern species results from their evolution when ocean properties were different from today's.
Babette A.A. Hoogakker, Catherine Davis, Yi Wang, Stephanie Kusch, Katrina Nilsson-Kerr, Dalton S. Hardisty, Allison Jacobel, Dharma Reyes Macaya, Nicolaas Glock, Sha Ni, Julio Sepúlveda, Abby Ren, Alexandra Auderset, Anya V. Hess, Katrin J. Meissner, Jorge Cardich, Robert Anderson, Christine Barras, Chandranath Basak, Harold J. Bradbury, Inda Brinkmann, Alexis Castillo, Madelyn Cook, Kassandra Costa, Constance Choquel, Paula Diz, Jonas Donnenfield, Felix J. Elling, Zeynep Erdem, Helena L. Filipsson, Sebastián Garrido, Julia Gottschalk, Anjaly Govindankutty Menon, Jeroen Groeneveld, Christian Hallmann, Ingrid Hendy, Rick Hennekam, Wanyi Lu, Jean Lynch-Stieglitz, Lélia Matos, Alfredo Martínez-García, Giulia Molina, Práxedes Muñoz, Simone Moretti, Jennifer Morford, Sophie Nuber, Svetlana Radionovskaya, Morgan Reed Raven, Christopher J. Somes, Anja S. Studer, Kazuyo Tachikawa, Raúl Tapia, Martin Tetard, Tyler Vollmer, Xingchen Wang, Shuzhuang Wu, Yan Zhang, Xin-Yuan Zheng, and Yuxin Zhou
Biogeosciences, 22, 863–957, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-863-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-863-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Paleo-oxygen proxies can extend current records, constrain pre-anthropogenic baselines, provide datasets necessary to test climate models under different boundary conditions, and ultimately understand how ocean oxygenation responds on longer timescales. Here we summarize current proxies used for the reconstruction of Cenozoic seawater oxygen levels. This includes an overview of the proxy's history, how it works, resources required, limitations, and future recommendations.
Viorica Nagavciuc, Gerhard Helle, Maria Rădoane, Cătălin-Constantin Roibu, Mihai-Gabriel Cotos, and Monica Ionita
Biogeosciences, 22, 55–69, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-55-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-55-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstructed drought conditions for the past 200 years for central and eastern parts of Europe (Romania) using δ18O in oak tree ring cellulose from Romania, revealing periods of both extreme wetness (e.g., 1905–1915) and dryness (e.g., 1818–1835). The most severe droughts occurred in the 19th and 21st centuries, likely linked to large-scale atmospheric circulation. This research highlights the potential of tree rings to improve our understanding of long-term climate variability in Europe.
Theresa M. King, Brad E. Rosenheim, and Noel P. James
Biogeosciences, 21, 5361–5379, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5361-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5361-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Corals can record ocean properties such as temperature in their skeletons. These records are useful for where and when we have no instrumental record like in the distant past. However, coral growth must be understood to interpret these records. Here, we analyze slices of a branching deep-sea coral from Antarctica to determine how to best sample these corals for past-climate work. We recommend sampling from the innermost portion of a coral skeleton for accurate temperature reconstructions.
Zita Kelemen, David P. Gillikin, and Steven Bouillon
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2714, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2714, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We analysed the C and O stable isotope composition (δ13C, δ18O) across the growth axis of museum-archived and recent Chambardia wissmanni shells from the Oubangui River (Congo Basin) covering sections of the past ~120 years. Recent shells showed a much wider range in δ18O values compared to historical specimens, consistent with the suggestion that dry periods in the upper Congo basin are becoming more extreme in recent times; highlighting their potential to reconstruct hydroclimatic conditions.
Alexandra Auderset, Sandi M. Smart, Yeongjun Ryu, Dario Marconi, Haojia Abby Ren, Lena Heins, Hubert Vonhof, Ralf Schiebel, Janne Repschläger, Daniel M. Sigman, Gerald H. Haug, and Alfredo Martínez-García
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2291, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2291, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates foraminifera-bound nitrogen isotopes (FB-δ15N) as a tool to study the history of photosymbiosis in planktic foraminifera. By analysing multiple species from the South Atlantic, we found that FB-δ15N differentiates between species with dinoflagellate symbionts and those without, probably due to internal ammonium recycling in the former. Overall, this study provides strong support for FB-δ15N as a tool for exploring the evolution of symbiosis in marine ecosystems.
Allix J. Baxter, Francien Peterse, Dirk Verschuren, Aihemaiti Maitituerdi, Nicolas Waldmann, and Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté
Biogeosciences, 21, 2877–2908, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2877-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2877-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the impact of long-term lake-system evolution on the climate signal recorded by glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs), a popular biomarker in paleoclimate research. It compares downcore changes in GDGTs in the 250 000 year sediment sequence of Lake Chala (Kenya/Tanzania) to independent data for lake mixing and water-column chemistry. These factors influence the GDGT proxies in the earliest depositional phases (before ~180 ka), confounding the climate signal.
Frances A. Procter, Sandra Piazolo, Eleanor H. John, Richard Walshaw, Paul N. Pearson, Caroline H. Lear, and Tracy Aze
Biogeosciences, 21, 1213–1233, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1213-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1213-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study uses novel techniques to look at the microstructure of planktonic foraminifera (single-celled marine organisms) fossils, to further our understanding of how they form their hard exterior shells and how the microstructure and chemistry of these shells can change as a result of processes that occur after deposition on the seafloor. Understanding these processes is of critical importance for using planktonic foraminifera for robust climate and environmental reconstructions of the past.
Josie L. Mottram, Anne M. Gothmann, Maria G. Prokopenko, Austin Cordova, Veronica Rollinson, Katie Dobkowski, and Julie Granger
Biogeosciences, 21, 1071–1091, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1071-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1071-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Knowledge of ancient ocean N cycling can help illuminate past climate change. Using field and lab studies, this work ground-truths a promising proxy for marine N cycling, the N isotope composition of cold-water coral (CWC) skeletons. Our results estimate N turnover in CWC tissue; quantify the isotope effects between CWC tissue, diet, and skeleton; and suggest that CWCs possibly feed mainly on metazoan zooplankton, suggesting that the marine N proxy may be sensitive to the food web structure.
Axelle Gardin, Emmanuelle Pucéat, Géraldine Garcia, Jean-Renaud Boisserie, Adélaïde Euriat, Michael M. Joachimski, Alexis Nutz, Mathieu Schuster, and Olga Otero
Biogeosciences, 21, 437–454, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-437-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-437-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We introduce a novel approach using stable oxygen isotopes from crocodilian fossil teeth to unravel palaeohydrological changes in past continental contexts. Applying it to the Plio-Pleistocene Ethiopian Shungura Formation, we found a significant increase in δ18O in the last 3 million years, likely due to monsoonal shifts and reduced rainfall, and that the local diversity of waterbodies (lakes, rivers, ponds) became restricted.
Angelica Feurdean, Richard S. Vachula, Diana Hanganu, Astrid Stobbe, and Maren Gumnior
Biogeosciences, 20, 5069–5085, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5069-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5069-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents novel results of laboratory-produced charcoal forms from various grass, forb and shrub taxa from the Eurasian steppe to facilitate more robust interpretations of fuel sources and fire types in grassland-dominated ecosystems. Advancements in identifying fuel sources and changes in fire types make charcoal analysis relevant to studies of plant evolution and fire management.
Joost Frieling, Linda van Roij, Iris Kleij, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Appy Sluijs
Biogeosciences, 20, 4651–4668, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4651-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4651-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a first species-specific evaluation of marine core-top dinoflagellate cyst carbon isotope fractionation (εp) to assess natural pCO2 dependency on εp and explore its geological deep-time paleo-pCO2 proxy potential. We find that εp differs between genera and species and that in Operculodinium centrocarpum, εp is controlled by pCO2 and nutrients. Our results highlight the added value of δ13C analyses of individual micrometer-scale sedimentary organic carbon particles.
Julia Homann, Niklas Karbach, Stacy A. Carolin, Daniel H. James, David Hodell, Sebastian F. M. Breitenbach, Ola Kwiecien, Mark Brenner, Carlos Peraza Lope, and Thorsten Hoffmann
Biogeosciences, 20, 3249–3260, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3249-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3249-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Cave stalagmites contain substances that can be used to reconstruct past changes in local and regional environmental conditions. We used two classes of biomarkers (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and monosaccharide anhydrides) to detect the presence of fire and to also explore changes in fire regime (e.g. fire frequency, intensity, and fuel source). We tested our new method on a stalagmite from Mayapan, a large Maya city on the Yucatán Peninsula.
Claudia Voigt, Anne Alexandre, Ilja M. Reiter, Jean-Philippe Orts, Christine Vallet-Coulomb, Clément Piel, Jean-Charles Mazur, Julie C. Aleman, Corinne Sonzogni, Helene Miche, and Jérôme Ogée
Biogeosciences, 20, 2161–2187, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2161-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2161-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Data on past relative humidity (RH) ARE needed to improve its representation in Earth system models. A novel isotope parameter (17O-excess) of plant silica has been developed to quantify past RH. Using comprehensive monitoring and novel methods, we show how environmental and plant physiological parameters influence the 17O-excess of plant silica and leaf water, i.e. its source water. The insights gained from this study will help to improve estimates of RH from fossil plant silica deposits.
David J. Harning, Brooke Holman, Lineke Woelders, Anne E. Jennings, and Julio Sepúlveda
Biogeosciences, 20, 229–249, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-229-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-229-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In order to better reconstruct the geologic history of the North Water Polynya, we provide modern validations and calibrations of lipid biomarker proxies in Baffin Bay. We find that sterols, rather than HBIs, most accurately capture the current extent of the North Water Polynya and will be a valuable tool to reconstruct its past presence or absence. Our local temperature calibrations for GDGTs and OH-GDGTs reduce the uncertainty present in global temperature calibrations.
Jessica G. M. Crumpton-Banks, Thomas Tanner, Ivan Hernández Almeida, James W. B. Rae, and Heather Stoll
Biogeosciences, 19, 5633–5644, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5633-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5633-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Past ocean carbon is reconstructed using proxies, but it is unknown whether preparing ocean sediment for one proxy might damage the data given by another. We have tested whether the extraction of an organic proxy archive from sediment samples impacts the geochemistry of tiny shells also within the sediment. We find no difference in shell geochemistry between samples which come from treated and untreated sediment. This will help us to maximize scientific return from valuable sediment samples.
Pablo Forjanes, María Simonet Roda, Martina Greiner, Erika Griesshaber, Nelson A. Lagos, Sabino Veintemillas-Verdaguer, José Manuel Astilleros, Lurdes Fernández-Díaz, and Wolfgang W. Schmahl
Biogeosciences, 19, 3791–3823, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3791-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3791-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Aragonitic skeletons are employed to decipher past climate dynamics and environmental change. Unfortunately, the information that these skeletons keep can be destroyed during diagenesis. In this work, we study the first changes undergone by aragonitic skeletons upon hydrothermal alteration. We observe that major changes occur from the very beginning of the alteration, even without mineralogical changes. These results have major implications for the use of these archives to understand the past.
Inga Labuhn, Franziska Tell, Ulrich von Grafenstein, Dan Hammarlund, Henning Kuhnert, and Bénédicte Minster
Biogeosciences, 19, 2759–2777, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2759-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2759-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the isotopic composition of recent biogenic carbonates from several lacustrine species which calcify during different times of the year. The authors demonstrate that when biological offsets are corrected, the dominant cause of differences between species is the seasonal variation in temperature-dependent fractionation of oxygen isotopes. Consequently, such carbonates from lake sediments can provide proxy records of seasonal water temperature changes in the past.
Gerard J. M. Versteegh, Karin A. F. Zonneveld, Jens Hefter, Oscar E. Romero, Gerhard Fischer, and Gesine Mollenhauer
Biogeosciences, 19, 1587–1610, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1587-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1587-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A 5-year record of long-chain mid-chain diol export flux and composition is presented with a 1- to 3-week resolution sediment trap CBeu (in the NW African upwelling). All environmental parameters as well as the diol composition are dominated by the seasonal cycle, albeit with different phase relations for temperature and upwelling. Most diol-based proxies are dominated by upwelling. The long-chain diol index reflects temperatures of the oligotrophic summer sea surface.
Johannes Hepp, Christoph Mayr, Kazimierz Rozanski, Imke Kathrin Schäfer, Mario Tuthorn, Bruno Glaser, Dieter Juchelka, Willibald Stichler, Roland Zech, and Michael Zech
Biogeosciences, 18, 5363–5380, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5363-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5363-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Deriving more quantitative climate information like relative air humidity is one of the key challenges in paleostudies. Often only qualitative reconstructions can be done when single-biomarker-isotope data are derived from a climate archive. However, the coupling of hemicellulose-derived sugar with leaf-wax-derived n-alkane isotope results has the potential to overcome this limitation and allow a quantitative relative air humidity reconstruction.
Angelica Feurdean
Biogeosciences, 18, 3805–3821, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3805-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3805-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study characterized the diversity of laboratory-produced charcoal morphological features of various fuel types from Siberia at different temperatures. The results obtained improve the attribution of charcoal particles to fuel types and fire characteristics. This work also provides recommendations for the application of this information to refine the past wildfire history.
Martin Tetard, Laetitia Licari, Ekaterina Ovsepyan, Kazuyo Tachikawa, and Luc Beaufort
Biogeosciences, 18, 2827–2841, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2827-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2827-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Oxygen minimum zones are oceanic regions almost devoid of dissolved oxygen and are currently expanding due to global warming. Investigation of their past behaviour will allow better understanding of these areas and better prediction of their future evolution. A new method to estimate past [O2] was developed based on morphometric measurements of benthic foraminifera. This method and two other approaches based on foraminifera assemblages and porosity were calibrated using 45 core tops worldwide.
Maximiliano Rodríguez and Christelle Not
Biogeosciences, 18, 1987–2001, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1987-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1987-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Mg/Ca in calcium carbonate shells of marine organisms such as foraminifera and ostracods has been used as a proxy to reconstruct water temperature. Here we provide new Mg/Ca–temperature calibrations for two shallow marine species of ostracods. We show that the water temperature in spring produces the best calibrations, which suggests the potential use of ostracod shells to reconstruct this parameter at a seasonal scale.
Hongrui Zhang, Chuanlian Liu, Luz María Mejía, and Heather Stoll
Biogeosciences, 18, 1909–1916, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1909-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1909-2021, 2021
Delphine Dissard, Gert Jan Reichart, Christophe Menkes, Morgan Mangeas, Stephan Frickenhaus, and Jelle Bijma
Biogeosciences, 18, 423–439, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-423-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-423-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Results from a data set acquired from living foraminifera T. sacculifer collected from surface waters are presented, allowing us to establish a new Mg/Ca–Sr/Ca–temperature equation improving temperature reconstructions. When combining equations, δ18Ow can be reconstructed with a precision of ± 0.5 ‰, while successive reconstructions involving Mg/Ca and δ18Oc preclude salinity reconstruction with a precision better than ± 1.69. A new direct linear fit to reconstruct salinity could be established.
Feng Wang, Dominique Arseneault, Étienne Boucher, Shulong Yu, Steeven Ouellet, Gwenaëlle Chaillou, Ann Delwaide, and Lily Wang
Biogeosciences, 17, 4559–4570, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4559-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4559-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Wood stain is challenging the use of the blue intensity technique for dendroclimatic reconstructions. Using stained subfossil trees from eastern Canadian lakes, we compared chemical destaining approaches with the
delta bluemathematical correction of blue intensity data. Although no chemical treatment was completely efficient, the delta blue method is unaffected by the staining problem and thus is promising for climate reconstructions based on lake subfossil material.
Dulcinea V. Groff, David G. Williams, and Jacquelyn L. Gill
Biogeosciences, 17, 4545–4557, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4545-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4545-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Tussock grasses that grow along coastlines of the Falkland Islands are slow to decay and build up thick peat layers over thousands of years. Grass fragments found in ancient peat can be used to reconstruct past climate because grasses can preserve a record of growing conditions in their leaves. We found that modern living tussock grasses in the Falkland Islands reliably record temperature and humidity in their leaves, and the peat they form can be used to understand past climate change.
Maxence Guillermic, Sambuddha Misra, Robert Eagle, Alexandra Villa, Fengming Chang, and Aradhna Tripati
Biogeosciences, 17, 3487–3510, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3487-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3487-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Boron isotope ratios (δ11B) of foraminifera are a promising proxy for seawater pH and can be used to constrain pCO2. In this study, we derived calibrations for new foraminiferal taxa which extend the application of the boron isotope proxy. We discuss the origin of different δ11B signatures in species and also discuss the potential of using multispecies δ11B analyses to constrain vertical pH and pCO2 gradients in ancient water columns to shed light on biogeochemical carbon cycling in the past.
Zeynep Erdem, Joachim Schönfeld, Anthony E. Rathburn, Maria-Elena Pérez, Jorge Cardich, and Nicolaas Glock
Biogeosciences, 17, 3165–3182, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3165-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3165-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Recent observations from today’s oceans revealed that oxygen concentrations are decreasing, and oxygen minimum zones are expanding together with current climate change. With the aim of understanding past climatic events and their relationship with oxygen content, we looked at the fossils, called benthic foraminifera, preserved in the sediment archives from the Peruvian margin and quantified the bottom-water oxygen content for the last 22 000 years.
Hannah K. Donald, Gavin L. Foster, Nico Fröhberg, George E. A. Swann, Alex J. Poulton, C. Mark Moore, and Matthew P. Humphreys
Biogeosciences, 17, 2825–2837, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2825-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2825-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The boron isotope pH proxy is increasingly being used to reconstruct ocean pH in the past. Here we detail a novel analytical methodology for measuring the boron isotopic composition (δ11B) of diatom opal and apply this to the study of the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii grown in culture over a range of pH. To our knowledge this is the first study of its kind and provides unique insights into the way in which diatoms incorporate boron and their potential as archives of palaeoclimate records.
Eleonora Fossile, Maria Pia Nardelli, Arbia Jouini, Bruno Lansard, Antonio Pusceddu, Davide Moccia, Elisabeth Michel, Olivier Péron, Hélène Howa, and Meryem Mojtahid
Biogeosciences, 17, 1933–1953, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1933-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1933-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study focuses on benthic foraminiferal distribution in an Arctic fjord characterised by continuous sea ice production during winter and the consequent cascading of salty and corrosive waters (brine) to the seabed. The inner fjord is dominated by calcareous species (C). In the central deep basins, where brines are persistent, calcareous foraminifera are dissolved and agglutinated (A) dominate. The high A/C ratio is suggested as a proxy for brine persistence and sea ice production.
Johannes Hepp, Imke Kathrin Schäfer, Verena Lanny, Jörg Franke, Marcel Bliedtner, Kazimierz Rozanski, Bruno Glaser, Michael Zech, Timothy Ian Eglinton, and Roland Zech
Biogeosciences, 17, 741–756, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-741-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-741-2020, 2020
Julian Struck, Marcel Bliedtner, Paul Strobel, Jens Schumacher, Enkhtuya Bazarradnaa, and Roland Zech
Biogeosciences, 17, 567–580, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-567-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-567-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We present leaf wax n-alkanes and their compound-specific (CS) δ13C isotopes from semi-arid and/or arid Mongolia to test their potential for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Plants and topsoils were analysed and checked for climatic control. Chain-length variations are distinct between grasses and Caragana, which are not biased by climate. However CS δ13C is strongly correlated to climate, so n-alkanes and their CS δ13C show great potential for paleoenvironmental reconstruction in Mongolia.
Elena Lo Giudice Cappelli, Jessica Louise Clarke, Craig Smeaton, Keith Davidson, and William Edward Newns Austin
Biogeosciences, 16, 4183–4199, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4183-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4183-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Fjords are known sinks of organic carbon (OC); however, little is known about the long-term fate of the OC stored in these sediments. The reason for this knowledge gap is the post-depositional degradation of OC. This study uses benthic foraminifera (microorganisms with calcite shells) to discriminate between post-depositional OC degradation and actual OC burial and accumulation in fjordic sediments, as foraminifera would only preserve the latter information in their assemblage composition.
Sara K. E. Goulden, Naohiko Ohkouchi, Katherine H. Freeman, Yoshito Chikaraishi, Nanako O. Ogawa, Hisami Suga, Oliver Chadwick, and Benjamin Z. Houlton
Biogeosciences, 16, 3869–3882, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3869-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3869-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate whether soil organic compounds preserve information about nitrogen availability to plants. We isolate chlorophyll degradation products in leaves, litter, and soil and explore possible species and climate effects on preservation and interpretation. We find that compound-specific nitrogen isotope measurements in soil have potential as a new tool to reconstruct changes in nitrogen cycling on a landscape over time, avoiding issues that have limited other proxies.
Nicolai Schleinkofer, Jacek Raddatz, André Freiwald, David Evans, Lydia Beuck, Andres Rüggeberg, and Volker Liebetrau
Biogeosciences, 16, 3565–3582, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3565-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3565-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we tried to correlate Na / Ca ratios from cold-water corals with environmental parameters such as salinity, temperature and pH. We do not observe a correlation between Na / Ca ratios and seawater salinity, but we do observe a strong correlation with temperature. Na / Ca data from warm-water corals (Porites spp.) and bivalves (Mytilus edulis) support this correlation, indicating that similar controls on the incorporation of sodium exist in these aragonitic organisms.
Mattia Greco, Lukas Jonkers, Kerstin Kretschmer, Jelle Bijma, and Michal Kucera
Biogeosciences, 16, 3425–3437, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3425-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3425-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
To be able to interpret the paleoecological signal contained in N. pachyderma's shells, its habitat depth must be known. Our investigation on 104 density profiles of this species from the Arctic and North Atlantic shows that specimens reside closer to the surface when sea-ice and/or surface chlorophyll concentrations are high. This is in contrast with previous investigations that pointed at the position of the deep chlorophyll maximum as the main driver of N. pachyderma vertical distribution.
Anna Mikis, Katharine R. Hendry, Jennifer Pike, Daniela N. Schmidt, Kirsty M. Edgar, Victoria Peck, Frank J. C. Peeters, Melanie J. Leng, Michael P. Meredith, Chloe L. C. Jones, Sharon Stammerjohn, and Hugh Ducklow
Biogeosciences, 16, 3267–3282, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3267-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3267-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Antarctic marine calcifying organisms are threatened by regional climate change and ocean acidification. Future projections of regional carbonate production are challenging due to the lack of historical data combined with complex climate variability. We present a 6-year record of flux, morphology and geochemistry of an Antarctic planktonic foraminifera, which shows that their growth is most sensitive to sea ice dynamics and is linked with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation.
Eunmi Park, Jens Hefter, Gerhard Fischer, Morten Hvitfeldt Iversen, Simon Ramondenc, Eva-Maria Nöthig, and Gesine Mollenhauer
Biogeosciences, 16, 2247–2268, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2247-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2247-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed GDGT-based proxy temperatures in the polar oceans. In the eastern Fram Strait (79° N), the nutrient distribution may determine the depth habit of Thaumarchaeota and thus the proxy temperature. In the Antarctic Polar Front (50° S), the contribution of Euryarchaeota or the nonlinear correlation between the proxy values and temperatures may cause the warm biases of the proxy temperatures relative to SSTs.
Marijke W. de Bar, Jenny E. Ullgren, Robert C. Thunnell, Stuart G. Wakeham, Geert-Jan A. Brummer, Jan-Berend W. Stuut, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Stefan Schouten
Biogeosciences, 16, 1705–1727, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1705-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1705-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed sediment traps from the Cariaco Basin, the tropical Atlantic and the Mozambique Channel to evaluate seasonal imprints in the concentrations and fluxes of long-chain diols (LDIs), in addition to the long-chain diol index proxy (sea surface temperature proxy) and the diol index (upwelling indicator). Despite significant degradation, LDI-derived temperatures were very similar for the sediment traps and seafloor sediments, and corresponded to annual mean sea surface temperatures.
Jens Zinke, Juan P. D'Olivo, Christoph J. Gey, Malcolm T. McCulloch, J. Henrich Bruggemann, Janice M. Lough, and Mireille M. M. Guillaume
Biogeosciences, 16, 695–712, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-695-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-695-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Here we report seasonally resolved sea surface temperature (SST) reconstructions for the southern Mozambique Channel in the SW Indian Ocean, a region located along the thermohaline ocean surface circulation route, based on multi-trace-element temperature proxy records preserved in two Porites sp. coral cores for the past 42 years. Particularly, we show the suitability of both separate and combined Sr / Ca and Li / Mg proxies for improved multielement SST reconstructions.
Hilde Pracht, Brett Metcalfe, and Frank J. C. Peeters
Biogeosciences, 16, 643–661, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-643-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-643-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In palaeoceanography the shells of single-celled foraminifera are routinely used as proxies to reconstruct the temperature, salinity and circulation of the ocean in the past. Traditionally a number of specimens were pooled for a single stable isotope measurement; however, technical advances now mean that a single shell or chamber of a shell can be measured individually. Three different hypotheses regarding foraminiferal biology and ecology were tested using this approach.
Anna Jentzen, Dirk Nürnberg, Ed C. Hathorne, and Joachim Schönfeld
Biogeosciences, 15, 7077–7095, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7077-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7077-2018, 2018
Shauna Ní Fhlaithearta, Christophe Fontanier, Frans Jorissen, Aurélia Mouret, Adriana Dueñas-Bohórquez, Pierre Anschutz, Mattias B. Fricker, Detlef Günther, Gert J. de Lange, and Gert-Jan Reichart
Biogeosciences, 15, 6315–6328, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6315-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6315-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This study looks at how foraminifera interact with their geochemical environment in the seabed. We focus on the incorporation of the trace metal manganese (Mn), with the aim of developing a tool to reconstruct past pore water profiles. Manganese concentrations in foraminifera are investigated relative to their ecological preferences and geochemical environment. This study demonstrates that Mn in foraminiferal tests is a promising tool to reconstruct oxygen conditions in the seabed.
Siobhan Williams, Walter Adey, Jochen Halfar, Andreas Kronz, Patrick Gagnon, David Bélanger, and Merinda Nash
Biogeosciences, 15, 5745–5759, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5745-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5745-2018, 2018
Robert Frei, Cora Paulukat, Sylvie Bruggmann, and Robert M. Klaebe
Biogeosciences, 15, 4905–4922, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4905-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4905-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The reconstruction of paleo-redox conditions of seawater has the potential to link to climatic changes on land and therefore to contribute to our understanding of past climate change. The redox-sensitive chromium isotope system is applied to marine calcifiers in order to characterize isotope offsets that result from vital processes during calcification processes and which can be eventually used in fossil equivalents to reconstruct past seawater compositions.
Thomas M. DeCarlo, Michael Holcomb, and Malcolm T. McCulloch
Biogeosciences, 15, 2819–2834, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2819-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2819-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding the mechanisms of coral calcification is limited by the isolation of the calcifying environment. The boron systematics (B / Ca and δ11B) of aragonite have recently been developed as a proxy for the carbonate chemistry of the calcifying fluid, but a variety of approaches have been utilized. We assess the available experimental B / Ca partitioning data and present a computer code for deriving calcifying fluid carbonate chemistry from the boron systematics of coral skeletons.
Manuel Bringué, Robert C. Thunell, Vera Pospelova, James L. Pinckney, Oscar E. Romero, and Eric J. Tappa
Biogeosciences, 15, 2325–2348, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2325-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2325-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We document 2.5 yr of dinoflagellate cyst production in the Cariaco Basin using a sediment trap record. Each species' production pattern is interpreted in the context of the physico-chemical (e.g., temperature, nutrients) and biological (other planktonic groups) environment. Most species respond positively to upwelling, but seem to be negatively impacted by an El Niño event with a 1-year lag. This work helps understanding dinoflagellate ecology and interpreting fossil assemblages in sediments.
Gabriella M. Weiss, Eva Y. Pfannerstill, Stefan Schouten, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, and Marcel T. J. van der Meer
Biogeosciences, 14, 5693–5704, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5693-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5693-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Algal-derived compounds allow us to make assumptions about environmental conditions in the past. In order to better understand how organisms record environmental conditions, we grew microscopic marine algae at different light intensities, salinities, and alkalinities in a temperature-controlled environment. We determined how these environmental parameters affected specific algal-derived compounds, especially their relative deuterium content, which seems to be mainly affected by salinity.
S. Nemiah Ladd, Nathalie Dubois, and Carsten J. Schubert
Biogeosciences, 14, 3979–3994, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3979-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3979-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Hydrogen isotopes of lipids provide valuable information about microbial activity, climate, and environmental stress. We show that heavy hydrogen in fatty acids declines from spring to summer in a nutrient-rich and a nutrient-poor lake and that the effect is nearly 3 times as big in the former. This effect is likely a combination of increased biomass from algae, warmer temperatures, and higher algal growth rates.
Cited articles
Abrantes, F., Meggers, H., Nave, S., Bollman, J., Palma, S., Sprengel, C., Henderiks, J., Spies, A., Salgueiro, E., Moita, T., and Neuer, S.: Fluxes of micro-organisms along a productivity gradient in the Canary Islands region (29° N): Implications for paleoreconstructions, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 49, 3599–3629, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00100-5, 2002.
Alldredge, A. L. and Jones, B. M.: Hastigerina pelagica: foraminiferal habitat for planktonic dinoflagellates, Mar. Biol., 22, 131–135, 1973.
Alves, M., Gaillard, F., Sparrow, M., Knoll, M., and Giraud, S.: Circulation patterns and transport of the Azores Front-Current system. Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 49, 3983–4002, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00138-8, 2002.
Anand, P., Elderfield, H., and Conte, M. H.: Calibration of Mg ∕ Ca thermometry in planktonic foraminifera from a sediment trap time series, Paleoceanography, 18, 1050, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002pa000846, 2003.
Aurahs, R., Grimm, G.W., Hemleben, V., Hemleben, Ch., and Kucera, M.: Geographic distribution patterns of cryptic genetic types in the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber, Molecul. Ecol., 18, 1692–1706, 2009.
Barton, E. D.: Canary and Portugal currents, in: Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences I, edited by: Steele, J. H., Turekian, K. K., and Thorpe, S. A., Academic Press, 380–389, https://doi.org/10.1006/rwos.2001.0360, 2001.
Barton, E. D., Aristegui, J., Tett, P., Canton, M., García-Braun, J., Hernández-León, S., and Wild, K.: The transition zone of the Canary Current upwelling region, Prog. Oceanogr., 41, 455–504, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6611(98)00023-8, 1988.
Bé, A. W. H. and Hamlin, W. H.: Ecology of Recent planktonic foraminifera – Part 3: Distribution in the North Atlantic during the summer, Micropaleontology, 13, 87–106, 1967.
Bé, A. W. H. and Lott, L.: Shell growth and structure of planktonic foraminifera, Science, 145, 823–824, 1964.
Bé, A. W. H. and Tolderlund, D. S.: Distribution and ecology of the living planktonic foraminifera in the surface waters of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, 105–149, 1971.
Bé, A. W. H., Hemleben, C., Anderson, O. R., and Spindler, M.: Pore structures in planktonic foraminifera, J. Foramin. Res., 10, 117–128, 1980.
Bell, K. N. I.: Analysing cycles in biology and medicine: a practical introduction to circular variables and periodic regression, Razorbill Press, 2008.
Bergami, C., Capotondi, L., Langone, L., Giglio, F., and Ravaioli, M.: Distribution of living planktonic foraminifera in the Ross Sea and the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean (Antarctica), Mar. Micropaleontol., 73, 37–48, 2009.
Berger, W. H.: Ecologic patterns of living planktonic foraminifera, Deep-Sea Res.-Oceanogr., 16, 1–24, 1969.
Berger, W. H.: Sedimentation of planktonic foraminifera, Mar. Geol., 11, 325–358, 1971.
Bijma, J. and Hemleben, C.: Population dynamics of the planktic foraminifer Globigerinoides sacculifer (Brady) from the central Red Sea, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 41, 485–510, 1994.
Bijma, J., Erez, J., and Hemleben, C.: Lunar and semi-lunar reproductive cycles in some spinsoe planktonic foraminifers, J. Foramin. Res., 20, 117–127, 1990a.
Bijma, J., Faber, W. W., and Hemleben, C.: Temperature and salinity limits for growth and survival of some planktonic foraminifers in laboratory cultures, J. Foramin. Res., 20, 95–116, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.20.2.95, 1990b.
Bijma, J., Hemleben, C., Huber, B. T., Erlenkeuser, H., and Kroon, D.: Experimental determination of the ontogenetic stable isotope variability in two morphotypes of Globigerinella siphonifera (d'Orbigny), Mar. Micropaleontol., 35, 141–160, 1998.
Boltovskoy, E.: Daily vertical migration and absolute abundance of living planktonic foraminifera, J. Foramin. Res., 3, 89–94, 1973.
Boyd, C. and Gradmann, D.: Impact of osmolytes on buoyancy of marine phytoplankton, Mar. Biol., 141, 605–618, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-002-0872-z, 2002.
Brummer, G. J. and Kroon, D.: Planktonic foraminifers as tracers of ocean-climate history, Amesterdan, VU Uitgeverij, 1998.
Caron, D. A., Bé, A. W. H., and Anderson, O. R.: Effects of feeding frequency on life processes of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides sacculifer in laboratory culture, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 61, 257–277, 1981.
Carstens, J., Hebbeln, D., and Wefer, G.: Distribution of planktic foraminifera at the ice margin in the Arctic (Fram Strait), Mar. Micropaleontol., 29, 257–269, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8398(96)00014-X, 1997.
Chiessi, C. C. M., Ulrich, S., Mulitza, S., Pätzold, J., and Wefer, G.: Signature of the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence (Argentine Basin) in the isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera from surface sediments, Marine, 64, 52–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.02.002, 2007.
Christiansen, B.: Poseidon 384 [POS384] Cruise report, Universität Hamburg, Institut für Hydrobiologie und Fischereiwissenschaft, Hamburg, 13 pp., 2009.
Cifelli, R. and Bénier, C. S.: Planktonic foraminifera from near the west african coast and a consideration of faunal parcelling in the north atlantic, J. Foramin. Res., 6, 258–273, 1976.
CLIMAP, P. M.: The surface of the ice-age earth, Science, 191, 1131–1137, 1976.
Darling, K. F. and Wade, C. M.: The genetic diversity of planktic foraminifera and the global distribution of ribosomal RNA genotypes, Mar. Micropaleontol., 67, 216–238, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2008.01.009, 2008.
De Abreu, L., Shackleton, N. J., Schönfeld, J., Hall, M., and Chapman, M.: Millennial-scale oceanic climate variability off the Western Iberian margin during the last two glacial periods, Mar. Geol., 196, 1–20, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00046-X, 2003.
Deuser, W. G. W., Ross, E. E. H., Hemleben, C., and Spindler, M.: Seasonal changes in species composition, numbers, mass, size, and isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera settling into the deep Sargasso sea, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 33, 103–127, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(81)90034-1, 1981.
De Vargas, C., Norris, R., Zaninetti, L., Gibb, S. W., and Pawlowski, J.: Molecular evidence of cryptic speciation in planktonic foraminifers and their relation to oceanic provinces, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 2864–2868, 1999.
Duckworth, D. L.: Magnesium concentration in the tests of the planktonic foraminifer Globorotalia truncatulinoides, J. Foramin. Res., 7, 304–312, 1977.
Duplessy, J. C., Bé, A. W. H., and Blanc, P. L.: Oxygen and carbon isotopic composition and biogeographic distribution of planktonic foraminifera in the Indian Ocean, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 33, 9–46, 1981.
Eggins, S. M., Sadekov, A., and De Deckker, P.: Modulation and daily banding of Mg ∕ Ca in Orbulina universa tests by symbiont photosynthesis and respiration: a complication for seawater thermometry?, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 225, 411–419, 2004.
Emiliani, C.: Depth habitats of some species of pelagic Foraminifera as indicated by oxygen isotope ratios, Am. J. Sci., 252, 149–158, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.252.3.149, 1954.
Erez, J., Almogi-Labin, A., and Avraham, S.: On the life history of planktonic foraminifera: lunar reproduction cycle in Globigerinoides sacculifer (Brady), Paleoceanography, 6, 295–306, 1991.
Fairbanks, R. G., Wiebe, P. H., and Ba, A. W. H.: Vertical distribution and isotopic composition of living planktonic foraminifera in the western north atlantic, Science, 207, 61–63, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.207.4426.61, 1980.
Fairbanks, R. G., Sverdlove, M., Free, R., Wiebe, P. H., and Bé, A. W. H.: Vertical distribution and isotopic fractionation of living planktonic foraminifera from the Panama Basin, Nature, 298, 841–844, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0703993104, 1982.
Farmer, E. C., Kaplan, A., de Menocal, P. B., and Lynch-Stieglitz, J.: Corroborating ecological depth preferences of planktonic foraminifera in the tropical Atlantic with the stable oxygen isotope ratios of core top specimens, Paleoceanography, 22, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006PA001361, 2007.
Fernández, E. and Pingree, R. D.: Coupling between physical and biological fields in the North Atlantic subtropical front southeast of the Azores, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 43, 1369–1393, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(96)00065-9, 1996.
Field, D. B.: Variability in vertical distributions of planktonic foraminifera in the California Current: Relationships to vertical ocean structure, Paleoceanography, 19, PA2014, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003PA000970, 2004.
Fiúza, A. F.: Upwelling patterns off Portugal, in: Coastal Upwelling its sediment record, Springer USA, 85–98, 1983.
Fründt, B. and Waniek, J. J.: Impact of the azores front propagation on deep ocean particle flux, Cent. Eur. J. Geosci., 4, 531–544, 2012.
Ganssen, G. M. and Kroon, D.: The isotopic signature of planktonic foraminifera from NE Atlantic surface sediments: implications for the reconstruction of past oceanic conditions, J. Geol. Soc., 157, 693–699, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs.157.3.693, 2000.
Gastrich, M. D.: Ultrastructure of a new intracellular symbiotic alga found within planktonic foraminifera1, J. Phycol., 23, 623–632, 1987.
Gould, W. J.: Physical oceanography of the Azores front, Prog. Oceanogr., 14, 167–190, https://doi.org/10.1016/0079-6611(85)90010-2, 1985.
Hemleben, C., Spindler, M., and Anderson, O. R.: Modern Planktonic Foraminifera, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 383 pp., 1989.
Holmes, N.: Diel vertical variations in abundance of some planktonic foraminifera from the Rockall Trough, northeastern Atlantic Ocean, J. Foramin. Res., 12, 145–150, 1982.
Hull, P. M., Osborn, K. J., Norris, R. D., and Robison, B. H.: Seasonality and depth distribution of a mesopelagic foraminifer, Hastigerinella digitata, Monterey Bay, California, Limnol. Oceanogr., 56, 562–576, 2011.
Hutchinson, G. E.: A Treatise on Limnology, 2. Introduction to lake biology and their limnoplankton, John Wiley & Sons, New York, London, 1115 pp., 1967.
Itou, M., Ono, T., Oba, T., and Noriki, S.: Isotopic composition and morphology of living Globorotalia scitula: a new proxy of sub-intermediate ocean carbonate chemistry?, Mar. Micropapeontol., 42, 189–210, 2001.
Jia, Y.: Formation of an Azores Current due to Mediterranean overflow in a modeling study of the North Atlantic, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 2342–2358, 2000.
Johnson, W. S. and Allen, D. M.: Zooplankton of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts: a guide to their identification and ecology, JHU Press, 2012.
Jonkers, L. and Kucera, M.: Global analysis of seasonality in the shell flux of extant planktonic Foraminifera, Biogeosciences, 12, 2207–2226, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2207-2015, 2015.
Jonkers, L., de Nooijer, L. J., Reichart, G.-J., Zahn, R., and Brummer, G.-J. A.: Encrustation and trace element composition of Neogloboquadrina dutertrei assessed from single chamber analyses – implications for paleotemperature estimates, Biogeosciences, 9, 4851–4860, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4851-2012, 2012.
Jonkers, L., Reynolds, C. E., Richey, J., and Hall, I. R.: Lunar periodicity in the shell flux of planktonic foraminifera in the Gulf of Mexico, Biogeosciences, 12, 3061–3070, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3061-2015, 2015.
Jorissen, F. J., de Stigter, H. C., and Widmark, J. G. V.: A conceptual model explaining benthic foraminiferal microhabitats, Mar. Micropaleontol., 26, 3–15, 1995.
Kemle-von Mücke, S. and Oberhänsli, H.: The distribution of living planktic foraminifera in relation to southeast Atlantic oceanography, in: Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 91–115, 1999.
Klein, B. and Siedler, G.: On the Origin of the Azores Current, J. Foramin. Res., 94, 6159–6168, 1989.
Knoll, M., Müller, T. J., and Siedler, G.: ESTOC/CANIGO cruises with FS Poseidon cruise 202/1, 212, 233, 237/3, Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, 302, Kiel, Germany, 78 pp., https://doi.org/10.3289/IFM_BER_302, 1998.
Kucera, M.: Chapter Six Planktonic Foraminifera as Tracers of Past Oceanic Environments, in: Proxies in Late Cenozoic Paleoceanography, Developments in Marine Geology, edited by: Hillaire-Marcel, C. and de Vernal, A., 1, Elsevier, 213–262, 2007.
Kuroyanagi, A. and Kawahata, H.: Vertical distribution of living planktonic foraminifera in the seas around Japan, Mar. Micropaleontol., 53, 173–196, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2004.06.001, 2004.
Le Févre, J.: Aspects of the biology of frontal systems, Adv. Mar. Biol., 23, 163–299, 1986.
Lévy, M., Lehahn, Y., André, J.-M., Mémery, L., Loisel, H., and Heifetz, E.: Production regimes in the northeast Atlantic: A study based on Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) chlorophyll and ocean general circulation model mixed layer depth, J. Geophys. Res., 110, C07S10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002771, 2005.
Lončarić, N., Peeters, F. J., Kroon, D., and Brummer, G. J. A.: Oxygen isotope ecology of recent planktic foraminifera at the central Walvis Ridge (SE Atlantic), Paleoceanography, 21, PA3009, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005PA001207, 2006.
Mann, K. H. and Lazier, J. R.: Dynamics of marine ecosystems: biological-physical interactions in the oceans, John Wiley and Sons, 2013.
Marshall, B. J., Thunell, R. C., Spero, H. J., Henehan, M. J., Lorenzoni, L., and Astor, Y.: Morphometric and stable isotopic differentiation of Orbulina universa morphotypes from the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela, Mar. Micropaleontol., 120, 46–64, 2015.
Martrat, B., Grimalt, J. O., Shackleton, N. J., de Abreu, L., Hutterli, M. A., and Stocker, T. F.: Four climate cycles of recurring deep and surface water destabilizations on the Iberian margin, Science, 317, 502–507, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1139994, 2007.
McGregor, H. V., Dima, M., Fischer, H. W., and Mulitza, S.: Rapid 20th-century increase in coastal upwelling off northwest Africa, Science, 315, 637–639, 2007.
Meggers, H., Freudenthal, T., Nave, S., Targarona, J., Abrantes, F., and Helmke, P.: Assessment of geochemical and micropaleontological sedimentary parameters as proxies of surface water properties in the Canary Islands region, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 49, 3631–3654, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00103-0, 2002.
Mohiuddin, M. M., Nishimura, A., and Tanaka, Y.: Seasonal succession, vertical distribution, and dissolution of planktonic foraminifera along the Subarctic Front: Implications for paleoceanographic reconstruction in the northwestern Pacific, Mar. Micropaleontol., 55, 129–156, 2005.
Monterey, G. and Levitus, S.: Seasonal Variability of Mixed Layer Depth for the World Ocean, NOAA Atlans NESDIS 14, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 96 pp., 1997.
Morard, R., Quillévéré, F., Escarguel, G., Ujiie, Y., de Garidel-Thoron, T., Norris, R. D., and de Vargas, C.: Morphological recognition of cryptic species in the planktonic foraminifer Orbulina universa, Mar. Micropaleontol., 71, 148–165, 2009.
Mortyn, P. G. and Charles, C. D.: Planktonic foraminiferal depth habitat and δ18O calibrations: Plankton tow results from the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, Paleoceanography, 18, 1037, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001PA000637, 2003.
Mulitza, S., Dürkoop, A., Hale, W., Wefer, G., and Niebler, H. S.: Planktonic foraminifera as recorders of past surface-water stratification, Geology, 25, 335–338, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0335:PFAROP>2.3.CO;2, 1997.
Müller, T. J.: Cruise Report POSEIDON cruise 247 [POS247] 6 January–11 February 1999 Kiel–Las Palmas , 22 pp., https://doi.org/10.3289/CR_POS247, 1999.
Neuer, S.: Report and preliminary results of Victor Hensen cruise 96/1, Bremerhaven–Bremerhaven, 10 January–4 March 1996, Ber Fachbereich Geowiss Uni Bremen, 96, 76 pp., 1997.
Neuer, S., Freudenthal, T., Davenport, R., Llinás, O., and Rueda, M.-J.: Seasonality of surface water properties and particle flux along a productivity gradient off NW Africa, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 49, 3561–3576, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00098-X, 2002.
Numberger, L., Hemleben, C., Hoffmann, R., Mackensen, A., Schulz, H., Wunderlich, J. M., and Kucera, M.: Habitats, abundance patterns and isotopic signals of morphotypes of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber (d'Orbigny) in the eastern Mediterranean Sea since the Marine Isotopic Stage 12, Mar. Micropaleontol., 73, 90–104, 2009.
Nürnberg, D., Bijma, J., and Hemleben, C.: Assessing the reliability of magnesium in foraminiferal calcite as a proxy for water mass temperatures, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 60, 803–814, 1996.
Orr, W. N.: Secondary calcification in the foraminiferal genus Globorotalia, Science, 157, 1554–1555, 1967.
Ortiz, J. D., Mix, A. C., and Collier, R. W.: Environmental control of living symbiotic and asymbiotic foraminifera of the California Current, Paleoceanography, 10, 987–1009, 1995.
Ortiz, J. D., Mix, A. C., Rugh, W., Watkins, J. M., and Collier, R. W.: Deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera of the northeastern Pacific Ocean reveal environmental control of oxygen and carbon isotopic disequilibria, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 60, 4509–4523, 1996.
Ottens, J. J.: April and August Northeast Atlantic surface water masses reflected in planktic foraminifera, Neth. J. Sea Res., 28, 261–283, https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(92)90031-9, 1992.
Özgökmen, T. M., Chassignet, E. P., and Rooth, C. G. H.: On the Connection between the Mediterranean Outflow and the Azores Current, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 31, 461–480, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(2001)031<0461:OTCBTM>2.0.CO;2, 2001.
Pados, T. and Spielhagen, R. F.: Species distribution and depth habitat of recent planktic foraminifera in Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean, Polar Res., 33, 22483, https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v33.22483, 2014.
Parrilla, G., Siedler, G., Niell, X., Wefer, G., Ambar, I., and participants: CANIGO (MAS3-CT96-0060) Final Scientific Report, Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia/EU Mast Office, 334 pp., 1999.
Peeters, F. J. C. and Brummer, G.-J. A.: The seasonal and vertical distribution of living planktic foraminifera in the NW Arabian Sea, in: The Tectonic and Climatic Evolution of the Arabian Sea Region, edited by: Clift, P. D., Kroon, D., Gaedicke, C., and Craig, J., Special Publications Vol 195, The Geological Society of London, London, 463–497, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2002.195.01.26, 2002.
Peeters, F. J. C., Brummer, G. J. A., and Ganssen, G.: The effect of upwelling on the distribution and stable isotope composition of Globigerina bulloides and Globigerinoides ruber (planktic foraminifera) in modern surface waters of the NW Arabian Sea, Glob. Planet. Change, 34, 269–291, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00120-0, 2002.
Peliz, Á., Dubert, J., Santos, A. M. P., Oliveira, P. B., and Le Cann, B.: Winter upper ocean circulation in the Western Iberian Basin – Fronts, Eddies and Poleward Flows: An overview, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 52, 621–646, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.11.005, 2005.
Pfannkuche, O., Müller, T. J., Nellen, W., and Wefer, G.: Ostatlantik 1998, Cruise No. 42, 16 June–26 October 1998, METEOR-Berichte, 00-1, 274 pp., https://doi.org/10.2312/cr_m42, 1998.
Regenberg, M., Steph, S., Nürnberg, D., Tiedemann, R., and Garbe-Schönberg, D.: Calibrating Mg/Ca ratios of multiple planktonic foraminiferal species with δ18O-calcification temperatures: Paleothermometry for the upper water column, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 278, 324–336, 2009.
Relvas, P., Barton, E. D., Dubert, J., Oliveira, P. B., Peliz, Á., da Silva, J. C. B., and Santos, A. M. P.. Physical oceanography of the western Iberia ecosystem: Latest views and challenges, Prog. Oceanogr., 74, 149–173, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2007.04.021, 2007.
Retailleau, S., Schiebel, R., and Howa, H.: Population dynamics of living planktic foraminifers in the hemipelagic southeastern Bay of Biscay, Mar. Micropaleontol., 80, 89–100, 2011.
Rohling, E. J. and Cooke, S.: Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes in foraminiferal carbonate shells, in: Modern Foraminifera, Springer, Netherlands, 239–258, 1999.
Rohling, E. J., Sprovieri, M., Cane, T., Casford, J. S. L., Cooke, S., Bouloubassi, I., Emeis, K.C., Schiebel, R., Rogerson, M., Hayes, A., and Jorissen, F. J.: Reconstructing past planktic foraminiferal habitats using stable isotope data: a case history for Mediterranean sapropel S5, Mar. Micropaleontol., 50, 89–123, 2004.
Salgueiro, E., Voelker, a. H. L., de Abreu, L., Abrantes, F., Meggers, H., and Wefer, G.: Temperature and productivity changes off the western Iberian margin during the last 150 ky, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 29, 680–695, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.11.013, 2010.
Salmon, K. H., Anand, P., Sexton, P. F., and Conte, M.: Upper ocean mixing controls the seasonality of planktonic foraminifer fluxes and associated strength of the carbonate pump in the oligotrophic North Atlantic, Biogeosciences, 12, 223–235, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-223-2015, 2015.
Sánchez Goñi, M. F., Eynaud, F., Turon, J. L., and Shackleton, N. J.: High resolution palynological record off the Iberian margin: Direct land-sea correlation for the Last Interglacial complex, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 171, 123–137, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00141-7, 1999.
Santos, A. M. P., Kazmin, A. S., and Peliz, Á.: Decadal changes in the Canary upwelling system as revealed by satellite observations: Their impact on productivity, J. Mar. Res., 63, 359–379, https://doi.org/10.1357/0022240053693671, 2005.
Schiebel, R. and Hemleben, C.: Interannual variability of planktic foraminiferal populations and test flux in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean (JGOFS), Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 47, 1809–1852, 2000.
Schiebel, R. and Hemleben, C.: Modern planktic foraminifera, 7, 135–148, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03021758, 2005.
Schiebel, R., Hiller, B., and Hemleben, C.: Impacts of storms on recent planktic foraminiferal test production and CaCO3 flux in the North Atlantic at 47° N, 20° W (JGOFS), Mar. Micropaleontol., 26, 115–129, 1995.
Schiebel, R., Bijma, J., and Hemleben, C.: Population dynamics of the planktic foraminifer Globigerina bulloides from the eastern North Atlantic, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 44, 1701–1713, 1997.
Schiebel, R., Waniek, J., Bork, M., and Hemleben, C.: Planktic foraminiferal production stimulated by chlorophyll redistribution and entrainment of nutrients, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 48, 721–740, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(00)00065-0, 2001.
Schiebel, R., Schmuker, B., Alves, M., and Hemleben, C.: Tracking the recent and late Pleistocene Azores front by the distribution of planktic foraminifers, J. Mar. Sys., 37, 213–227, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-7963(02)00203-8, 2002a.
Schiebel, R., Waniek, J., Zeltner, A., and Alves, M.: Impact of the Azores Front on the distribution of planktic foraminifers, shelled gastropods, and coccolithophorids, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 49, 4035–4050, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00141-8, 2002b.
Schiebel, R., Zeltner, A., Treppke, U. F., Waniek, J. J., Bollmann, J., Rixen, T., and Hemleben, C.: Distribution of diatoms, coccolithophores and planktic foraminifers along a trophic gradient uring SW monsoon in the Arabian Sea, Mar. Micropaleontol., 51, 345–371, 2004.
Schlitzer, R.: Ocean Data View, available at: https://odv.awi.de/ (last access: 20 February 2017), 2015.
Schmuker, B. and Schiebel, R.: Planktic foraminifers and hydrography of the eastern and northern Caribbean Sea, Mar. Micropaleontol., 46, 387–403, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8398(02)00082-8, 2002.
Schulz, H.: Cruise report FS Poseidon Cruise No. 334 [POS334] from 15 March 2006 to 3 April 2006, Algeciras–Algeciras, Institut für Geowissenschaften, Tübingen, 19 pp., 2006.
Siccha, M., Schiebel, R., Schmidt, S., and Howa, H.: Short-term and small-scale variability in planktic foraminifera test flux in the Bay of Biscay, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 64, 146–156, 2012.
Simstich, J., Sarnthein, M., and Erlenkeuser, H.: Paired δ18O signals of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma(s) and Turborotalita quinqueloba show thermal stratification structure in Nordic Seas, Mar. Micropaleontol., 48, 107–125, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8398(02)00165-2, 2003.
Sousa, F. M. and Bricaud, A.: Satellite-Derived Phytoplankton Pigment Structures in the Portuguese Upwelling Area, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 11343–11356, https://doi.org/10.1029/92JC00786, 1992.
Spero, H. J. and Parker, S. L.: Photosynthesis in the symbiotic planktonic foraminifer Orbulina universa, and its potential contribution to oceanic primary productivity, J. Foramin. Res., 15, 273–281, 1985.
Spezzaferri, S., Kucera, M., Pearson, P. N., Wade, B. S., Rappo, S., Poole, C. R., Morard, R., and Stalder, C.: Fossil and genetic evidence for the polyphyletic nature of the planktonic foraminifera “Globigerinoides”, and description of the new genus Trilobatus, PloS One, 10, e0128108, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128108, 2015.
Steinke, S., Chiu, H. Y., Yu, P. Sen, Shen, C. C., Löwemark, L., Mii, H. S., and Chen, M. Te.: Mg ∕ Ca ratios of two Globigerinoides ruber (white) morphotypes: Implications for reconstructing past tropical/subtropical surface water conditions, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 6, Q11005, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GC000926, 2005
Storz, D., Schulz, H., and Waniek, J.: Seasonal and interannual variability of the planktic foraminiferal flux in the vicinity of the Azores Current, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 56, 107–124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2008.08.009, 2009.
Sy, A.: Investigation of large-scale circulation patterns in the central North Atlantic: the North Atlantic current, the Azores current, and the Mediterranean Water plume in the area of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. A, 35, 383–413, https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(88)90017-9, 1988.
Thiede, J.: Distribution of foraminifera in surface waters of a coastal upwelling area, Nature, 253, 712–714, 1975.
Ufkes, E., Jansen, J. F., and Brummer, G. J. A.: Living planktonic foraminifera in the eastern South Atlantic during spring: indicators of water masses, upwelling and the Congo (Zaire) River plume, Mar. Micropaleontol., 33, 27–53, 1998.
van Raden, U. J., Groeneveld, J., Raitzsch, M., and Kucera, M.: Mg ∕ Ca in the planktonic foraminifera Globorotalia inflata and Globigerinoides bulloides from Western Mediterranean plankton tow and core top samples, Mar. Micropaleontol., 78, 101–112, 2011.
Venâncio, I. M., Franco, D., Belém, A. L., Mulitza, S., Siccha, M., Albuquerque, A. L. S., Schulz, M., and Kucera, M.: Planktonic foraminifera shell fluxes from a weekly resolved sediment trap record in the southwestern Atlantic: Evidence for synchronized reproduction, Mar. Micropaleontol., 125, 25–35, 2016.
Voelker, A. H. L.: EUROFLEETS Cruise Summary Report-IBERIA-FORAMS, R/V Garcia del Cid, Cruise Iberia-Forams, 10–16 September 2012, Vigo (Spain)–Huelva (Spain), IPMA Lisbon, 23 pp., 2012.
Voelker, A. H. L., Colman, A., Olack, G., Waniek, J. J., and Hodell, D.: Oxygen and hydrogen isotope signatures of Northeast Atlantic water masses, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 116, 89–106, 2015.
Wang, L.: Isotopic signals in two morphotypes of Globigerinoides ruber (white) from the South China Sea: Implications for monsoon climate change during the last glacial cycle, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 161, 381–394, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(00)00094-8, 2000.
Waniek, J.: Cruise Report RV Poseidon PO231/3 [POS231/3], 3–17 August 1997, Lissabon–Ponta Delgada, Institut für Meereskunde an der Universität Kiel, Kiel, 14 pp.,https://doi.org/10.2312/cr_po231_3, 1997.
Waniek, J. J., Schulz-Bull, D. E., Blanz, T., Prien, R. D., Oschlies, A., Müller, T. J.: Interannual variability of deep water particle flux in relation to production and lateral sources in the northeast Atlantic, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 52, 33–50, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.08.008, 2005.
Waniek, J. J., Krüger, S. Brust, J., Howa, H., Robotim, A., Huth, H., Thiede, C., Kebkal, O., and Pleskach, G.: Biogeochemical properties of the winterly upper water column between Madeira and Azores, Cruise Report – F/S Poseidon Cruise No.: 377, Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, 19 pp., https://doi.org/10.2312/cr_po377, 2009a.
Waniek, J. J., Hand, I., Brust, J., Kuhnt, T., Robotim, A., Huth, H., Thiede, C., Kebkal, O., Lehnert, G., and Hehl, U.: Biogeochemical properties of the upper water column in the Madeira Basin especially within the Azores Front, Cruise Report – F/S Poseidon Cruise No.: 383, Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, 27 pp., https://doi.org/10.2312/cr_po383, 2009b.
Watkins, J. M., Mix, A. C., and Wilson, J.: Living planktic foraminifera: tracers of circulation and productivity regimes in the central equatorial Pacific, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 43, 1257–1282, 1996.
Watkins, J. M., Mix, A. C., and Wilson, J.: Living planktic foraminifera in the central tropical Pacific Ocean: Articulating the equatorial “cold tongue” during La Niña, 1992, Mar. Micropaleontol., 33, 157–174, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8398(97)00036-4, 1998.
Weiner, A., Aurahs, R., Kurasawa, A., Kitazato, H., and Kucera, M.: Vertical niche partitioning between cryptic sibling species of a cosmopolitan marine planktonic protist, Mol. Ecol., 21, 4063–4073, 2012.
Weiner, A. K. M., Weinkauf, M. F. G., Kurasawa, A., Darling, K. F., Kucera, M., and Grimm, G. W.: Phylogeography of the tropical planktonic foraminifera lineage globigerinella reveals isolation inconsistent with passive dispersal by ocean currents, PloS One, 9, e92148, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092148, 2014.
Wilke, I., Bickert, T., and Peeters, F. J.: The influence of seawater carbonate ion concentration [CO32−] on the stable carbon isotope composition of the planktic foraminifera species Globorotalia inflata, Mar. Micropaleontol., 58, 243–258, 2006.
Wilke, I., Meggers, H., and Bickert, T.: Depth habitats and seasonal distributions of recent planktic foraminifers in the Canary Islands region (29° N) based on oxygen isotopes, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 56, 89–106, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2008.08.001, 2009.
Wooster, W. S., Bakun, A., and McLain, D. R.: Seasonal upwelling cycle along the eastern boundary of the North Atlantic, J. Mar. Res., 34, 131–141, 1976.
Short summary
Planktonic foraminifera species depth habitat remains poorly constrained and the existing conceptual models are not sufficiently tested by observational data. Here we present a synthesis of living planktonic foraminifera abundance data in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic from vertical plankton tows. We also test potential environmental factors influencing the species depth habitat and investigate yearly or lunar migration cycles. These findings may impact paleoceanographic studies.
Planktonic foraminifera species depth habitat remains poorly constrained and the existing...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint