Articles | Volume 19, issue 19
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4655-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4655-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
30 Sep 2022
Research article |
| 30 Sep 2022
| 30 Sep 2022
Trace gas fluxes from tidal salt marsh soils: implications for carbon–sulfur biogeochemistry
Margaret Capooci
Department of Plant and Soil Science,
University of Delaware, 152 Townsend Hall,
531 South College Ave., Newark, DE, USA
Department of Plant and Soil Science,
University of Delaware, 152 Townsend Hall,
531 South College Ave., Newark, DE, USA
Related authors
No articles found.
Josué Delgado-Balbuena, Henry W. Loescher, Carlos A. Aguirre-Gutiérrez, Teresa Alfaro-Reyna, Luis F. Pineda-Martínez, Rodrigo Vargas, and Tulio Arredondo
Biogeosciences, 20, 2369–2385, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2369-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2369-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In the semiarid grassland, an increase in soil moisture at shallow depths instantly enhances carbon release through respiration. In contrast, deeper soil water controls plant carbon uptake but with a delay of several days. Previous soil conditions, biological activity, and the size and timing of precipitation are factors that determine the amount of carbon released into the atmosphere. Thus, future changes in precipitation patterns could convert ecosystems from carbon sinks to carbon sources.
Daphne Armas, Mario Guevara, Fernando Bezares, Rodrigo Vargas, Pilar Durante, Víctor Osorio, Wilmer Jiménez, and Cecilio Oyonarte
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 431–445, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-431-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-431-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The global need for updated soil datasets has increased. Our main objective was to synthesize and harmonize soil profile information collected by two different projects in Ecuador between 2009 and 2015.The main result was the development of the Harmonized Soil Database of Ecuador (HESD) that includes information from 13 542 soil profiles with over 51 713 measured soil horizons, including 92 different edaphic variables, and follows international standards for archiving and sharing soil data.
Rodrigo Vargas and Van Huong Le
Biogeosciences, 20, 15–26, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-15-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-15-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Quantifying the role of soils in nature-based solutions requires accurate estimates of soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes. We suggest that multiple GHG fluxes should not be simultaneously measured at a few fixed time intervals, but an optimized sampling approach can reduce bias and uncertainty. Our results have implications for assessing GHG fluxes from soils and a better understanding of the role of soils in nature-based solutions.
Kyle B. Delwiche, Sara Helen Knox, Avni Malhotra, Etienne Fluet-Chouinard, Gavin McNicol, Sarah Feron, Zutao Ouyang, Dario Papale, Carlo Trotta, Eleonora Canfora, You-Wei Cheah, Danielle Christianson, Ma. Carmelita R. Alberto, Pavel Alekseychik, Mika Aurela, Dennis Baldocchi, Sheel Bansal, David P. Billesbach, Gil Bohrer, Rosvel Bracho, Nina Buchmann, David I. Campbell, Gerardo Celis, Jiquan Chen, Weinan Chen, Housen Chu, Higo J. Dalmagro, Sigrid Dengel, Ankur R. Desai, Matteo Detto, Han Dolman, Elke Eichelmann, Eugenie Euskirchen, Daniela Famulari, Kathrin Fuchs, Mathias Goeckede, Sébastien Gogo, Mangaliso J. Gondwe, Jordan P. Goodrich, Pia Gottschalk, Scott L. Graham, Martin Heimann, Manuel Helbig, Carole Helfter, Kyle S. Hemes, Takashi Hirano, David Hollinger, Lukas Hörtnagl, Hiroki Iwata, Adrien Jacotot, Gerald Jurasinski, Minseok Kang, Kuno Kasak, John King, Janina Klatt, Franziska Koebsch, Ken W. Krauss, Derrick Y. F. Lai, Annalea Lohila, Ivan Mammarella, Luca Belelli Marchesini, Giovanni Manca, Jaclyn Hatala Matthes, Trofim Maximov, Lutz Merbold, Bhaskar Mitra, Timothy H. Morin, Eiko Nemitz, Mats B. Nilsson, Shuli Niu, Walter C. Oechel, Patricia Y. Oikawa, Keisuke Ono, Matthias Peichl, Olli Peltola, Michele L. Reba, Andrew D. Richardson, William Riley, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Youngryel Ryu, Torsten Sachs, Ayaka Sakabe, Camilo Rey Sanchez, Edward A. Schuur, Karina V. R. Schäfer, Oliver Sonnentag, Jed P. Sparks, Ellen Stuart-Haëntjens, Cove Sturtevant, Ryan C. Sullivan, Daphne J. Szutu, Jonathan E. Thom, Margaret S. Torn, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Jessica Turner, Masahito Ueyama, Alex C. Valach, Rodrigo Vargas, Andrej Varlagin, Alma Vazquez-Lule, Joseph G. Verfaillie, Timo Vesala, George L. Vourlitis, Eric J. Ward, Christian Wille, Georg Wohlfahrt, Guan Xhuan Wong, Zhen Zhang, Donatella Zona, Lisamarie Windham-Myers, Benjamin Poulter, and Robert B. Jackson
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 3607–3689, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3607-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3607-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Methane is an important greenhouse gas, yet we lack knowledge about its global emissions and drivers. We present FLUXNET-CH4, a new global collection of methane measurements and a critical resource for the research community. We use FLUXNET-CH4 data to quantify the seasonality of methane emissions from freshwater wetlands, finding that methane seasonality varies strongly with latitude. Our new database and analysis will improve wetland model accuracy and inform greenhouse gas budgets.
Mario Guevara, Michela Taufer, and Rodrigo Vargas
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1711–1735, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1711-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1711-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Soil moisture is key for understanding soil–plant–atmosphere interactions. We provide a machine learning approach to increase the spatial resolution of satellite-derived soil moisture information. The outcome is a dataset of gap-free global mean annual soil moisture predictions and associated uncertainty for 28 years (1991–2018) across 15 km grids. This dataset has higher agreement with in situ soil moisture and precipitation measurements. Results show a decline of global annual soil moisture.
Flavio Lopes Ribeiro, Mario Guevara, Alma Vázquez-Lule, Ana Paula Cunha, Marcelo Zeri, and Rodrigo Vargas
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 879–892, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-879-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-879-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The main objective of this paper was to analyze differences in soil moisture responses to drought for each biome of Brazil. For that we used satellite data from the European Space Agency from 2009 to 2015. We found an overall soil moisture decline of −0.5 % yr−1 at the country level and identified the most vulnerable biomes of Brazil. This information is crucial to enhance the national drought early warning system and develop strategies for drought risk reduction and soil moisture conservation.
Jinshi Jian, Rodrigo Vargas, Kristina Anderson-Teixeira, Emma Stell, Valentine Herrmann, Mercedes Horn, Nazar Kholod, Jason Manzon, Rebecca Marchesi, Darlin Paredes, and Ben Bond-Lamberty
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 255–267, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-255-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-255-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Field soil-to-atmosphere CO2 flux (soil respiration, Rs) observations were compiled into a global database (SRDB) a decade ago. Here, we restructured and updated the database to the fifth version, SRDB-V5, with data published through 2017 included. SRDB-V5 aims to be a data framework for the scientific community to share seasonal to annual field Rs measurements, and it provides opportunities for the scientific community to better understand the spatial and temporal variability of Rs.
Mario Guevara, Michela Taufer, and Rodrigo Vargas
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2019-191, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2019-191, 2019
Revised manuscript not accepted
Mario Guevara, Guillermo Federico Olmedo, Emma Stell, Yusuf Yigini, Yameli Aguilar Duarte, Carlos Arellano Hernández, Gloria E. Arévalo, Carlos Eduardo Arroyo-Cruz, Adriana Bolivar, Sally Bunning, Nelson Bustamante Cañas, Carlos Omar Cruz-Gaistardo, Fabian Davila, Martin Dell Acqua, Arnulfo Encina, Hernán Figueredo Tacona, Fernando Fontes, José Antonio Hernández Herrera, Alejandro Roberto Ibelles Navarro, Veronica Loayza, Alexandra M. Manueles, Fernando Mendoza Jara, Carolina Olivera, Rodrigo Osorio Hermosilla, Gonzalo Pereira, Pablo Prieto, Iván Alexis Ramos, Juan Carlos Rey Brina, Rafael Rivera, Javier Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Ronald Roopnarine, Albán Rosales Ibarra, Kenset Amaury Rosales Riveiro, Guillermo Andrés Schulz, Adrian Spence, Gustavo M. Vasques, Ronald R. Vargas, and Rodrigo Vargas
SOIL, 4, 173–193, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-173-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-173-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We provide a reproducible multi-modeling approach for SOC mapping across Latin America on a country-specific basis as required by the Global Soil Partnership of the United Nations. We identify key prediction factors for SOC across each country. We compare and test different methods to generate spatially explicit predictions of SOC and conclude that there is no best method on a quantifiable basis.
A. W. King, R. J. Andres, K. J. Davis, M. Hafer, D. J. Hayes, D. N. Huntzinger, B. de Jong, W. A. Kurz, A. D. McGuire, R. Vargas, Y. Wei, T. O. West, and C. W. Woodall
Biogeosciences, 12, 399–414, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-399-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-399-2015, 2015
P. C. Stoy, M. C. Dietze, A. D. Richardson, R. Vargas, A. G. Barr, R. S. Anderson, M. A. Arain, I. T. Baker, T. A. Black, J. M. Chen, R. B. Cook, C. M. Gough, R. F. Grant, D. Y. Hollinger, R. C. Izaurralde, C. J. Kucharik, P. Lafleur, B. E. Law, S. Liu, E. Lokupitiya, Y. Luo, J. W. Munger, C. Peng, B. Poulter, D. T. Price, D. M. Ricciuto, W. J. Riley, A. K. Sahoo, K. Schaefer, C. R. Schwalm, H. Tian, H. Verbeeck, and E. Weng
Biogeosciences, 10, 6893–6909, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6893-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6893-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Greenhouse Gases
Large contribution of soil N2O emission to the global warming potential of a large-scale oil palm plantation despite changing from conventional to reduced management practices
Identifying landscape hot and cold spots of soil greenhouse gas fluxes by combining field measurements and remote sensing data
Enhanced Southern Ocean CO2 outgassing as a result of stronger and poleward shifted southern hemispheric westerlies
Spatial and temporal variability of methane emissions and environmental conditions in a hyper-eutrophic fishpond
Optical and radar Earth observation data for upscaling methane emissions linked to permafrost degradation in sub-Arctic peatlands in northern Sweden
Herbivore–shrub interactions influence ecosystem respiration and biogenic volatile organic compound composition in the subarctic
Methane emissions due to reservoir flushing: a significant emission pathway?
Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes from mounds of African fungus-growing termites
Diel and seasonal methane dynamics in the shallow and turbulent Wadden Sea
Diurnal versus spatial variability of greenhouse gas emissions from an anthropogenic modified German lowland river
Technical note: Skirt chamber – an open dynamic method for the rapid and minimally intrusive measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from peatlands
Resolving heterogeneous fluxes from tundra halves the growing season carbon budget
Seasonal variability of nitrous oxide concentrations and emissions in a temperate estuary
Lawns and meadows in urban green space – A comparison from greenhouse gas, drought resilience and biodiversity perspectives
Reviews and syntheses: Recent advances in microwave remote sensing in support of terrestrial carbon cycle science in Arctic–boreal regions
Simulated methane emissions from Arctic ponds are highly sensitive to warming
Water-table-driven greenhouse gas emission estimates guide peatland restoration at national scale
Relationships between greenhouse gas production and landscape position during short-term permafrost thaw under anaerobic conditions in the Lena Delta
Carbon emissions and radiative forcings from tundra wildfires in the Yukon–Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska
Carbon monoxide (CO) cycling in the Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean
Post-flooding disturbance recovery promotes carbon capture in riparian zones
Regional Assessment and Uncertainty Analysis of Carbon and Nitrogen Balances at cropland scale using the ecosystem model LandscapeDNDC
Meteorological responses of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of a subarctic landscape
Carbon emission and export from the Ket River, western Siberia
Evaluation of wetland CH4 in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) land surface model using satellite observations
Greenhouse gas fluxes in mangrove forest soil in an Amazon estuary
Temporal patterns and drivers of CO2 emission from dry sediments in a groyne field of a large river
Effects of water table level and nitrogen deposition on methane and nitrous oxide emissions in an alpine peatland
Highest methane concentrations in an Arctic river linked to local terrestrial inputs
Seasonal study of the small-scale variability in dissolved methane in the western Kiel Bight (Baltic Sea) during the European heatwave in 2018
Spatial and temporal variation in δ13C values of methane emitted from a hemiboreal mire: methanogenesis, methanotrophy, and hysteresis
Intercomparison of methods to estimate gross primary production based on CO2 and COS flux measurements
Lateral carbon export has low impact on the net ecosystem carbon balance of a polygonal tundra catchment
The effect of static chamber base on N2O flux in drip irrigation
Controls on autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration in an ombrotrophic bog
Episodic N2O emissions following tillage of a legume–grass cover crop mixture
Variation in CO2 and CH4 fluxes among land cover types in heterogeneous Arctic tundra in northeastern Siberia
Response of vegetation and carbon fluxes to brown lemming herbivory in northern Alaska
Sources of nitrous oxide and the fate of mineral nitrogen in subarctic permafrost peat soils
Data-based estimates of interannual sea–air CO2 flux variations 1957–2020 and their relation to environmental drivers
Evaluating alternative ebullition models for predicting peatland methane emission and its pathways via data–model fusion
Excess soil moisture and fresh carbon input are prerequisites for methane production in podzolic soil
Low biodegradability of particulate organic carbon mobilized from thaw slumps on the Peel Plateau, NT, and possible chemosynthesis and sorption effects
Grazing enhances carbon cycling but reduces methane emission during peak growing season in the Siberian Pleistocene Park tundra site
Ideas and perspectives: Enhancing research and monitoring of carbon pools and land-to-atmosphere greenhouse gases exchange in developing countries
Ignoring carbon emissions from thermokarst ponds results in overestimation of tundra net carbon uptake
Quantification of potential methane emissions associated with organic matter amendments following oxic-soil inundation
Assessing the spatial and temporal variability of greenhouse gas emissions from different configurations of on-site wastewater treatment system using discrete and continuous gas flux measurement
Dimethylated sulfur compounds in the Peruvian upwelling system
Partitioning carbon sources between wetland and well-drained ecosystems to a tropical first-order stream – implications for carbon cycling at the watershed scale (Nyong, Cameroon)
Guantao Chen, Edzo Veldkamp, Muhammad Damris, Bambang Irawan, Aiyen Tjoa, and Marife D. Corre
Biogeosciences, 21, 513–529, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-513-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-513-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We established an oil palm management experiment in a large-scale oil palm plantation in Jambi, Indonesia. We recorded oil palm fruit yield and measured soil CO2, N2O, and CH4 fluxes. After 4 years of treatment, compared with conventional fertilization with herbicide weeding, reduced fertilization with mechanical weeding did not reduce yield and soil greenhouse gas emissions, which highlights the legacy effects of over a decade of conventional management prior to the start of the experiment.
Elizabeth Gachibu Wangari, Ricky Mwangada Mwanake, Tobias Houska, David Kraus, Gretchen Maria Gettel, Ralf Kiese, Lutz Breuer, and Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
Biogeosciences, 20, 5029–5067, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5029-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5029-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Agricultural landscapes act as sinks or sources of the greenhouse gases (GHGs) CO2, CH4, or N2O. Various physicochemical and biological processes control the fluxes of these GHGs between ecosystems and the atmosphere. Therefore, fluxes depend on environmental conditions such as soil moisture, soil temperature, or soil parameters, which result in large spatial and temporal variations of GHG fluxes. Here, we describe an example of how this variation may be studied and analyzed.
Laurie C. Menviel, Paul Spence, Andrew E. Kiss, Matthew A. Chamberlain, Hakase Hayashida, Matthew H. England, and Darryn Waugh
Biogeosciences, 20, 4413–4431, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4413-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4413-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
As the ocean absorbs 25% of the anthropogenic emissions of carbon, it is important to understand the impact of climate change on the flux of carbon between the ocean and the atmosphere. Here, we use a very high-resolution ocean, sea-ice, carbon cycle model to show that the capability of the Southern Ocean to uptake CO2 has decreased over the last 40 years due to a strengthening and poleward shift of the southern hemispheric westerlies. This trend is expected to continue over the coming century.
Petr Znachor, Jiří Nedoma, Vojtech Kolar, and Anna Matoušů
Biogeosciences, 20, 4273–4288, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4273-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4273-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted intensive spatial sampling of the hypertrophic fishpond to better understand the spatial dynamics of methane fluxes and environmental heterogeneity in fishponds. The diffusive fluxes of methane accounted for only a minor fraction of the total fluxes and both varied pronouncedly within the pond and over the studied summer season. This could be explained only by the water depth. Wind substantially affected temperature, oxygen and chlorophyll a distribution in the pond.
Sofie Sjögersten, Martha Ledger, Matthias Siewert, Betsabé de la Barreda-Bautista, Andrew Sowter, David Gee, Giles Foody, and Doreen S. Boyd
Biogeosciences, 20, 4221–4239, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4221-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4221-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw in Arctic regions is increasing methane emissions, but quantification is difficult given the large and remote areas impacted. We show that UAV data together with satellite data can be used to extrapolate emissions across the wider landscape as well as detect areas at risk of higher emissions. A transition of currently degrading areas to fen type vegetation can increase emission by several orders of magnitude, highlighting the importance of quantifying areas at risk.
Cole G. Brachmann, Tage Vowles, Riikka Rinnan, Mats P. Björkman, Anna Ekberg, and Robert G. Björk
Biogeosciences, 20, 4069–4086, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4069-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4069-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Herbivores change plant communities through grazing, altering the amount of CO2 and plant-specific chemicals (termed VOCs) emitted. We tested this effect by excluding herbivores and studying the CO2 and VOC emissions. Herbivores reduced CO2 emissions from a meadow community and altered VOC composition; however, community type had the strongest effect on the amount of CO2 and VOCs released. Herbivores can mediate greenhouse gas emissions, but the effect is marginal and community dependent.
Ole Lessmann, Jorge Encinas Fernández, Karla Martínez-Cruz, and Frank Peeters
Biogeosciences, 20, 4057–4068, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4057-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4057-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Based on a large dataset of seasonally resolved methane (CH4) pore water concentrations in a reservoir's sediment, we assess the significance of CH4 emissions due to reservoir flushing. In the studied reservoir, CH4 emissions caused by one flushing operation can represent 7 %–14 % of the annual CH4 emissions and depend on the timing of the flushing operation. In reservoirs with high sediment loadings, regular flushing may substantially contribute to the overall CH4 emissions.
Matti Räsänen, Risto Vesala, Petri Rönnholm, Laura Arppe, Petra Manninen, Markus Jylhä, Jouko Rikkinen, Petri Pellikka, and Janne Rinne
Biogeosciences, 20, 4029–4042, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4029-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4029-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Fungus-growing termites recycle large parts of dead plant material in African savannas and are significant sources of greenhouse gases. We measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes from their mounds and surrounding soils in open and closed habitats. The fluxes scale with mound volume. The results show that emissions from mounds of fungus-growing termites are more stable than those from other termites. The soil fluxes around the mound are affected by the termite colonies at up to 2 m distance from the mound.
Tim René de Groot, Anne Margriet Mol, Katherine Mesdag, Pierre Ramond, Rachel Ndhlovu, Julia Catherine Engelmann, Thomas Röckmann, and Helge Niemann
Biogeosciences, 20, 3857–3872, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3857-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3857-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates methane dynamics in the Wadden Sea. Our measurements revealed distinct variations triggered by seasonality and tidal forcing. The methane budget was higher in warmer seasons but surprisingly high in colder seasons. Methane dynamics were amplified during low tides, flushing the majority of methane into the North Sea or releasing it to the atmosphere. Methanotrophic activity was also elevated during low tide but mitigated only a small fraction of the methane efflux.
Matthias Koschorreck, Norbert Kamjunke, Uta Koedel, Michael Rode, Claudia Schuetze, and Ingeborg Bussmann
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-176, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-176, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from different sites at the German River Elbe over 3 days to find out what is more important for quantification: small scale spatial variability or diurnal temporal variability. We found that CO2 emissions were very different between day and night while CH4 emissions were more different between sites. Dried out river sediments contributed to CO2 emissions while the side areas of the river were important CH4 sources.
Frederic Thalasso, Brenda Riquelme, Andrés Gómez, Roy Mackenzie, Francisco Javier Aguirre, Jorge Hoyos-Santillan, Ricardo Rozzi, and Armando Sepulveda-Jauregui
Biogeosciences, 20, 3737–3749, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3737-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3737-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A robust skirt-chamber design to capture and quantify greenhouse gas emissions from peatlands is presented. Compared to standard methods, this design improves the spatial resolution of field studies in remote locations while minimizing intrusion.
Sarah M. Ludwig, Luke Schiferl, Jacqueline Hung, Susan M. Natali, and Roisin Commane
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-119, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-119, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
Landscapes are often assumed to be homogeneous when using eddy covariance fluxes, which can lead to biases when calculating carbon budgets. In this study we report eddy covariance carbon fluxes from heterogeneous tundra. We used the footprints of each flux observation to un-mix the fluxes coming from components of the landscape. We identified and quantified hot spots of carbon emissions in the landscape. Accurately scaling with landscape heterogeneity yielded half as much regional carbon uptake.
Gesa Schulz, Tina Sanders, Yoana G. Voynova, Hermann W. Bange, and Kirstin Dähnke
Biogeosciences, 20, 3229–3247, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3229-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3229-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important greenhouse gas. However, N2O emissions from estuaries underlie significant uncertainties due to limited data availability and high spatiotemporal variability. We found the Elbe Estuary (Germany) to be a year-round source of N2O, with the highest emissions in winter along with high nitrogen loads. However, in spring and summer, N2O emissions did not decrease alongside lower nitrogen loads because organic matter fueled in situ N2O production along the estuary.
Justine Trémeau, Beñat Olascoaga, Leif Backman, Esko Karvinen, Henriikka Vekuri, and Liisa Kulmala
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-107, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-107, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
We studied urban lawns and meadows in Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland. We found that meadows are more resistant to drought events, but that they do not increase carbon sequestration compared with lawns. Moreover, the transformation from a lawn to a meadow did not demonstrate any negative climate effects in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, considering biodiversity, climate warming and carbon neutrality, it is necessary to find the right trade-off between lawns and meadows in cities.
Alex Mavrovic, Oliver Sonnentag, Juha Lemmetyinen, Jennifer L. Baltzer, Christophe Kinnard, and Alexandre Roy
Biogeosciences, 20, 2941–2970, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2941-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2941-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This review supports the integration of microwave spaceborne information into carbon cycle science for Arctic–boreal regions. The microwave data record spans multiple decades with frequent global observations of soil moisture and temperature, surface freeze–thaw cycles, vegetation water storage, snowpack properties, and land cover. This record holds substantial unexploited potential to better understand carbon cycle processes.
Zoé Rehder, Thomas Kleinen, Lars Kutzbach, Victor Stepanenko, Moritz Langer, and Victor Brovkin
Biogeosciences, 20, 2837–2855, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2837-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2837-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We use a new model to investigate how methane emissions from Arctic ponds change with warming. We find that emissions increase substantially. Under annual temperatures 5 °C above present temperatures, pond methane emissions are more than 3 times higher than now. Most of this increase is caused by an increase in plant productivity as plants provide the substrate microbes used to produce methane. We conclude that vegetation changes need to be included in predictions of pond methane emissions.
Julian Koch, Lars Elsgaard, Mogens H. Greve, Steen Gyldenkærne, Cecilie Hermansen, Gregor Levin, Shubiao Wu, and Simon Stisen
Biogeosciences, 20, 2387–2403, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2387-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2387-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Utilizing peatlands for agriculture leads to large emissions of greenhouse gases worldwide. The emissions are triggered by lowering the water table, which is a necessary step in order to make peatlands arable. Many countries aim at reducing their emissions by restoring peatlands, which can be achieved by stopping agricultural activities and thereby raising the water table. We estimate a total emission of 2.6 Mt CO2-eq for organic-rich peatlands in Denmark and a potential reduction of 77 %.
Mélissa Laurent, Matthias Fuchs, Tanja Herbst, Alexandra Runge, Susanne Liebner, and Claire C. Treat
Biogeosciences, 20, 2049–2064, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2049-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2049-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we investigated the effect of different parameters (temperature, landscape position) on the production of greenhouse gases during a 1-year permafrost thaw experiment. For very similar carbon and nitrogen contents, our results show a strong heterogeneity in CH4 production, as well as in microbial abundance. According to our study, these differences are mainly due to the landscape position and the hydrological conditions established as a result of the topography.
Michael Moubarak, Seeta Sistla, Stefano Potter, Susan M. Natali, and Brendan M. Rogers
Biogeosciences, 20, 1537–1557, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1537-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1537-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Tundra wildfires are increasing in frequency and severity with climate change. We show using a combination of field measurements and computational modeling that tundra wildfires result in a positive feedback to climate change by emitting significant amounts of long-lived greenhouse gasses. With these effects, attention to tundra fires is necessary for mitigating climate change.
Hanna I. Campen, Damian L. Arévalo-Martínez, and Hermann W. Bange
Biogeosciences, 20, 1371–1379, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1371-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1371-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a climate-relevant trace gas emitted from the ocean. However, oceanic CO cycling is understudied. Results from incubation experiments conducted in the Fram Strait (Arctic Ocean) indicated that (i) pH did not affect CO cycling and (ii) enhanced CO production and consumption were positively correlated with coloured dissolved organic matter and nitrate concentrations. This suggests microbial CO uptake to be the driving factor for CO cycling in the Arctic Ocean.
Yihong Zhu, Ruihua Liu, Huai Zhang, Shaoda Liu, Zhengfeng Zhang, Fei-Hai Yu, and Timothy G. Gregoire
Biogeosciences, 20, 1357–1370, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1357-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1357-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
With global warming, the risk of flooding is rising, but the response of the carbon cycle of aquatic and associated riparian systems
to flooding is still unclear. Based on the data collected in the Lijiang, we found that flooding would lead to significant carbon emissions of fluvial areas and riparian areas during flooding, but carbon capture may happen after flooding. In the riparian areas, the surviving vegetation, especially clonal plants, played a vital role in this transformation.
Odysseas Sifounakis, Edwin Haas, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, and Maria P. Papadopoulou
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-52, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-52, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
We performed a full assessment of the carbon and nitrogen cycle of a cropland ecosystem. An uncertainty analysis and quantification of all carbon and nitrogen fluxes has been deployed. The inventory simulations include greenhouse gas emissions of N2O, NH3 volatilization and NO3 leaching from arable land cultivation for Greece. The inventory reports as well changes of soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in arable soils.
Lauri Heiskanen, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Henriikka Vekuri, Aleksi Räsänen, Tarmo Virtanen, Sari Juutinen, Annalea Lohila, Juha Mikola, and Mika Aurela
Biogeosciences, 20, 545–572, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-545-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-545-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We measured and modelled the CO2 and CH4 fluxes of the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of the subarctic landscape for 2 years. The landscape was an annual CO2 sink and a CH4 source. The forest had the largest contribution to the landscape-level CO2 sink and the peatland to the CH4 emissions. The lakes released 24 % of the annual net C uptake of the landscape back to the atmosphere. The C fluxes were affected most by the rainy peak growing season of 2017 and the drought event in July 2018.
Artem G. Lim, Ivan V. Krickov, Sergey N. Vorobyev, Mikhail A. Korets, Sergey Kopysov, Liudmila S. Shirokova, Jan Karlsson, and Oleg S. Pokrovsky
Biogeosciences, 19, 5859–5877, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5859-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5859-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In order to quantify C transport and emission and main environmental factors controlling the C cycle in Siberian rivers, we investigated the largest tributary of the Ob River, the Ket River basin, by measuring spatial and seasonal variations in carbon CO2 and CH4 concentrations and emissions together with hydrochemical analyses. The obtained results are useful for large-scale modeling of C emission and export fluxes from permafrost-free boreal rivers of an underrepresented region of the world.
Robert J. Parker, Chris Wilson, Edward Comyn-Platt, Garry Hayman, Toby R. Marthews, A. Anthony Bloom, Mark F. Lunt, Nicola Gedney, Simon J. Dadson, Joe McNorton, Neil Humpage, Hartmut Boesch, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Paul I. Palmer, and Dai Yamazaki
Biogeosciences, 19, 5779–5805, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5779-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5779-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane, one of the most important climate gases. The JULES land surface model simulates these emissions. We use satellite data to evaluate how well JULES reproduces the methane seasonal cycle over different tropical wetlands. It performs well for most regions; however, it struggles for some African wetlands influenced heavily by river flooding. We explain the reasons for these deficiencies and highlight how future development will improve these areas.
Saúl Edgardo Martínez Castellón, José Henrique Cattanio, José Francisco Berrêdo, Marcelo Rollnic, Maria de Lourdes Ruivo, and Carlos Noriega
Biogeosciences, 19, 5483–5497, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5483-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5483-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We seek to understand the influence of climatic seasonality and microtopography on CO2 and CH4 fluxes in an Amazonian mangrove. Topography and seasonality had a contrasting influence when comparing the two gas fluxes: CO2 fluxes were greater in high topography in the dry period, and CH4 fluxes were greater in the rainy season in low topography. Only CO2 fluxes were correlated with soil organic matter, the proportion of carbon and nitrogen, and redox potential.
Matthias Koschorreck, Klaus Holger Knorr, and Lelaina Teichert
Biogeosciences, 19, 5221–5236, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5221-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5221-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
At low water levels, parts of the bottom of rivers fall dry. These beaches or mudflats emit the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. We found that those emissions are caused by microbial reactions in the sediment and that they change with time. Emissions were influenced by many factors like temperature, water level, rain, plants, and light.
Wantong Zhang, Zhengyi Hu, Joachim Audet, Thomas A. Davidson, Enze Kang, Xiaoming Kang, Yong Li, Xiaodong Zhang, and Jinzhi Wang
Biogeosciences, 19, 5187–5197, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5187-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5187-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work focused on the CH4 and N2O emissions from alpine peatlands in response to the interactive effects of altered water table levels and increased nitrogen deposition. Across the 2-year mesocosm experiment, nitrogen deposition showed nonlinear effects on CH4 emissions and linear effects on N2O emissions, and these N effects were associated with the water table levels. Our results imply the future scenario of strengthened CH4 and N2O emissions from an alpine peatland.
Karel Castro-Morales, Anna Canning, Sophie Arzberger, Will A. Overholt, Kirsten Küsel, Olaf Kolle, Mathias Göckede, Nikita Zimov, and Arne Körtzinger
Biogeosciences, 19, 5059–5077, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5059-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5059-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw releases methane that can be emitted into the atmosphere or transported by Arctic rivers. Methane measurements are lacking in large Arctic river regions. In the Kolyma River (northeast Siberia), we measured dissolved methane to map its distribution with great spatial detail. The river’s edge and river junctions had the highest methane concentrations compared to other river areas. Microbial communities in the river showed that the river’s methane likely is from the adjacent land.
Sonja Gindorf, Hermann W. Bange, Dennis Booge, and Annette Kock
Biogeosciences, 19, 4993–5006, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4993-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4993-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Methane is a climate-relevant greenhouse gas which is emitted to the atmosphere from coastal areas such as the Baltic Sea. We measured the methane concentration in the water column of the western Kiel Bight. Methane concentrations were higher in September than in June. We found no relationship between the 2018 European heatwave and methane concentrations. Our results show that the methane distribution in the water column is strongly affected by temporal and spatial variabilities.
Janne Rinne, Patryk Łakomiec, Patrik Vestin, Joel D. White, Per Weslien, Julia Kelly, Natascha Kljun, Lena Ström, and Leif Klemedtsson
Biogeosciences, 19, 4331–4349, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4331-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4331-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The study uses the stable isotope 13C of carbon in methane to investigate the origins of spatial and temporal variation in methane emitted by a temperate wetland ecosystem. The results indicate that methane production is more important for spatial variation than methane consumption by micro-organisms. Temporal variation on a seasonal timescale is most likely affected by more than one driver simultaneously.
Kukka-Maaria Kohonen, Roderick Dewar, Gianluca Tramontana, Aleksanteri Mauranen, Pasi Kolari, Linda M. J. Kooijmans, Dario Papale, Timo Vesala, and Ivan Mammarella
Biogeosciences, 19, 4067–4088, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4067-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4067-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Four different methods for quantifying photosynthesis (GPP) at ecosystem scale were tested, of which two are based on carbon dioxide (CO2) and two on carbonyl sulfide (COS) flux measurements. CO2-based methods are traditional partitioning, and a new method uses machine learning. We introduce a novel method for calculating GPP from COS fluxes, with potentially better applicability than the former methods. Both COS-based methods gave on average higher GPP estimates than the CO2-based estimates.
Lutz Beckebanze, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Josefine Walz, Christian Wille, David Holl, Manuel Helbig, Julia Boike, Torsten Sachs, and Lars Kutzbach
Biogeosciences, 19, 3863–3876, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3863-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3863-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we present observations of lateral and vertical carbon fluxes from a permafrost-affected study site in the Russian Arctic. From this dataset we estimate the net ecosystem carbon balance for this study site. We show that lateral carbon export has a low impact on the net ecosystem carbon balance during the complete study period (3 months). Nevertheless, our results also show that lateral carbon export can exceed vertical carbon uptake at the beginning of the growing season.
Shahar Baram, Asher Bar-Tal, Alon Gal, Shmulik P. Friedman, and David Russo
Biogeosciences, 19, 3699–3711, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3699-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3699-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Static chambers are the most common tool used to measure greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes. We tested the impact of such chambers on nitrous oxide emissions in drip irrigation. Field measurements and 3-D simulations show that the chamber base drastically affects the water and nutrient distribution in the soil and hence the measured GHG fluxes. A nomogram is suggested to determine the optimal diameter of a cylindrical chamber that ensures minimal disturbance.
Tracy E. Rankin, Nigel T. Roulet, and Tim R. Moore
Biogeosciences, 19, 3285–3303, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3285-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3285-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Peatland respiration is made up of plant and peat sources. How to separate these sources is not well known as peat respiration is not straightforward and is more influenced by vegetation dynamics than previously thought. Results of plot level measurements from shrubs and sparse grasses in a woody bog show that plants' respiration response to changes in climate is related to their different root structures, implying a difference in the mechanisms by which they obtain water resources.
Alison Bressler and Jennifer Blesh
Biogeosciences, 19, 3169–3184, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3169-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3169-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Our field experiment tested if a mixture of a nitrogen-fixing legume and non-legume cover crop could reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions following tillage, compared to the legume grown alone. We found higher N2O following both legume treatments, compared to those without, and lower emissions from the cover crop mixture at one of the two test sites, suggesting that interactions between cover crop types and soil quality influence N2O emissions.
Sari Juutinen, Mika Aurela, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Viktor Ivakhov, Maiju Linkosalmi, Aleksi Räsänen, Tarmo Virtanen, Juha Mikola, Johanna Nyman, Emmi Vähä, Marina Loskutova, Alexander Makshtas, and Tuomas Laurila
Biogeosciences, 19, 3151–3167, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes in heterogenous Arctic tundra in eastern Siberia. We found that tundra wetlands with sedge and grass vegetation contributed disproportionately to the landscape's ecosystem CO2 uptake and CH4 emissions to the atmosphere. Moreover, we observed high CH4 consumption in dry tundra, particularly in barren areas, offsetting part of the CH4 emissions from the wetlands.
Jessica Plein, Rulon W. Clark, Kyle A. Arndt, Walter C. Oechel, Douglas Stow, and Donatella Zona
Biogeosciences, 19, 2779–2794, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2779-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2779-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Tundra vegetation and the carbon balance of Arctic ecosystems can be substantially impacted by herbivory. We tested how herbivory by brown lemmings in individual enclosure plots have impacted carbon exchange of tundra ecosystems via altering carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes. Lemmings significantly decreased net CO2 uptake while not affecting CH4 emissions. There was no significant difference in the subsequent growing season due to recovery of the vegetation.
Jenie Gil, Maija E. Marushchak, Tobias Rütting, Elizabeth M. Baggs, Tibisay Pérez, Alexander Novakovskiy, Tatiana Trubnikova, Dmitry Kaverin, Pertti J. Martikainen, and Christina Biasi
Biogeosciences, 19, 2683–2698, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2683-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2683-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
N2O emissions from permafrost soils represent up to 11.6 % of total N2O emissions from natural soils, and their contribution to the global N2O budget will likely increase due to climate change. A better understanding of N2O production from permafrost soil is needed to evaluate the role of arctic ecosystems in the global N2O budget. By studying microbial N2O production processes in N2O hotspots in permafrost peatlands, we identified denitrification as the dominant source of N2O in these surfaces.
Christian Rödenbeck, Tim DeVries, Judith Hauck, Corinne Le Quéré, and Ralph F. Keeling
Biogeosciences, 19, 2627–2652, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2627-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2627-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The ocean is an important part of the global carbon cycle, taking up about a quarter of the anthropogenic CO2 emitted by burning of fossil fuels and thus slowing down climate change. However, the CO2 uptake by the ocean is, in turn, affected by variability and trends in climate. Here we use carbon measurements in the surface ocean to quantify the response of the oceanic CO2 exchange to environmental conditions and discuss possible mechanisms underlying this response.
Shuang Ma, Lifen Jiang, Rachel M. Wilson, Jeff P. Chanton, Scott Bridgham, Shuli Niu, Colleen M. Iversen, Avni Malhotra, Jiang Jiang, Xingjie Lu, Yuanyuan Huang, Jason Keller, Xiaofeng Xu, Daniel M. Ricciuto, Paul J. Hanson, and Yiqi Luo
Biogeosciences, 19, 2245–2262, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2245-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2245-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The relative ratio of wetland methane (CH4) emission pathways determines how much CH4 is oxidized before leaving the soil. We found an ebullition modeling approach that has a better performance in deep layer pore water CH4 concentration. We suggest using this approach in land surface models to accurately represent CH4 emission dynamics and response to climate change. Our results also highlight that both CH4 flux and belowground concentration data are important to constrain model parameters.
Mika Korkiakoski, Tiia Määttä, Krista Peltoniemi, Timo Penttilä, and Annalea Lohila
Biogeosciences, 19, 2025–2041, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2025-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2025-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We measured CH4 fluxes and production and oxidation potentials from irrigated and non-irrigated podzolic soil in a boreal forest. CH4 sink was smaller at the irrigated site but did not cause CH4 emission, with one exception. We also showed that under laboratory conditions, not only wet conditions, but also fresh carbon, are needed to make podzolic soil into a CH4 source. Our study provides important data for improving the process models describing the upland soil CH4 dynamics.
Sarah Shakil, Suzanne E. Tank, Jorien E. Vonk, and Scott Zolkos
Biogeosciences, 19, 1871–1890, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1871-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1871-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw-driven landslides in the western Arctic are increasing organic carbon delivered to headwaters of drainage networks in the western Canadian Arctic by orders of magnitude. Through a series of laboratory experiments, we show that less than 10 % of this organic carbon is likely to be mineralized to greenhouse gases during transport in these networks. Rather most of the organic carbon is likely destined for burial and sequestration for centuries to millennia.
Wolfgang Fischer, Christoph K. Thomas, Nikita Zimov, and Mathias Göckede
Biogeosciences, 19, 1611–1633, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1611-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1611-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic permafrost ecosystems may release large amounts of carbon under warmer future climates and may therefore accelerate global climate change. Our study investigated how long-term grazing by large animals influenced ecosystem characteristics and carbon budgets at a Siberian permafrost site. Our results demonstrate that such management can contribute to stabilizing ecosystems to keep carbon in the ground, particularly through drying soils and reducing methane emissions.
Dong-Gill Kim, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Youngryel Ryu, Bumsuk Seo, and Dario Papale
Biogeosciences, 19, 1435–1450, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1435-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1435-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As carbon (C) and greenhouse gas (GHG) research has adopted appropriate technology and approach (AT&A), low-cost instruments, open-source software, and participatory research and their results were well accepted by scientific communities. In terms of cost, feasibility, and performance, the integration of low-cost and low-technology, participatory and networking-based research approaches can be AT&A for enhancing C and GHG research in developing countries.
Lutz Beckebanze, Zoé Rehder, David Holl, Christian Wille, Charlotta Mirbach, and Lars Kutzbach
Biogeosciences, 19, 1225–1244, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1225-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1225-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic permafrost landscapes feature many water bodies. In contrast to the terrestrial parts of the landscape, the water bodies release carbon to the atmosphere. We compare carbon dioxide and methane fluxes from small water bodies to the surrounding tundra and find not accounting for the carbon dioxide emissions leads to an overestimation of the tundra uptake by 11 %. Consequently, changes in hydrology and water body distribution may substantially impact the overall carbon budget of the Arctic.
Brian Scott, Andrew H. Baldwin, and Stephanie A. Yarwood
Biogeosciences, 19, 1151–1164, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1151-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1151-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon dioxide and methane contribute to global warming. What can we do? We can build wetlands: they store carbon dioxide and should cause global cooling. But when first built they produce excess methane. Eventually built wetlands will cause cooling, but it may take decades or even centuries. How we build wetlands matters. We show that a common practice, using organic matter, such as manure, can make a big difference whether or not the wetlands we build start global cooling within our lifetime.
Jan Knappe, Celia Somlai, and Laurence W. Gill
Biogeosciences, 19, 1067–1085, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1067-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1067-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Two domestic on-site wastewater treatment systems have been monitored for greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide) emissions coming from the process units, soil and vent pipes. This has enabled the net greenhouse gas per person to be quantified for the first time, as well as the impact of pre-treatment on the effluent before being discharged to soil. These decentralised wastewater treatment systems serve approx. 20 % of the population in both Europe and the United States.
Yanan Zhao, Dennis Booge, Christa A. Marandino, Cathleen Schlundt, Astrid Bracher, Elliot L. Atlas, Jonathan Williams, and Hermann W. Bange
Biogeosciences, 19, 701–714, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-701-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-701-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present here, for the first time, simultaneously measured dimethylsulfide (DMS) seawater concentrations and DMS atmospheric mole fractions from the Peruvian upwelling region during two cruises in December 2012 and October 2015. Our results indicate low oceanic DMS concentrations and atmospheric DMS molar fractions in surface waters and the atmosphere, respectively. In addition, the Peruvian upwelling region was identified as an insignificant source of DMS emissions during both periods.
Moussa Moustapha, Loris Deirmendjian, David Sebag, Jean-Jacques Braun, Stéphane Audry, Henriette Ateba Bessa, Thierry Adatte, Carole Causserand, Ibrahima Adamou, Benjamin Ngounou Ngatcha, and Frédéric Guérin
Biogeosciences, 19, 137–163, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-137-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-137-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We monitor the spatio-temporal variability of organic and inorganic carbon (C) species in the tropical Nyong River (Cameroon), across groundwater and increasing stream orders. We show the significant contribution of wetland as a C source for tropical rivers. Thus, ignoring the river–wetland connectivity might lead to the misrepresentation of C dynamics in tropical watersheds. Finally, total fluvial carbon losses might offset ~10 % of the net C sink estimated for the whole Nyong watershed.
Cited articles
Al-Haj, A. N. and Fulweiler, R. W.: A synthesis of methane emissions from
shallow vegetated coastal ecosystems, Glob. Change Biol., 26, 2988–3005,
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15046, 2020.
Andreae, M. O. and Jaeschke, W. A.: Exchange of sulfur between biosphere and
atmosphere over temperate and tropical regions, in: Sulfur Cycling on the
Continents, edited by: Howarth, R. W., Stewart, J. W. B., and Ivanov, M. V.,
Wiley, New York, John Wiley & Sons,
ISBN: 0-471-93153-5, 1992.
Bahlmann, E., Weinberg, I., Lavrič, J. V., Eckhardt, T., Michaelis, W., Santos, R., and Seifert, R.: Tidal controls on trace gas dynamics in a seagrass meadow of the Ria Formosa lagoon (southern Portugal), Biogeosciences, 12, 1683–1696, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1683-2015, 2015.
Barba, J., Cueva, A., Bahn, M., Barron-Gafford, G. A., Bond-Lamberty, B.,
Hanson, P. J., Jaimes, A., Kulmala, L., Pumpanen, J., Scott, R. L.,
Wohlfahrt, G., and Vargas, R.: Comparing ecosystem and soil respiration:
Review and key challenges of tower-based and soil measurements, Agr. Forest
Meteorol., 249, 434–443, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.10.028,
2018.
Barbier, E., Hacker, S., Kennedy, C., Stier, A., and Silliman, B.: The value
of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services, Ecol. Monogr., 81, 169–193,
2011.
Bartlett, K. B., Harriss, R. C., and Sebacher, D. I.: Methane Flux from
Coastal Salt Marshes, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 5710–5720, 1985.
Bauza, J. F., Morell, J. M., and Corredor, J. E.: Biogeochemistry of nitrous
oxide production in the red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) forest sediments,
Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 55, 697–704,
https://doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2001.0913, 2002.
Bridgham, S. D. and Richardson, C. J.: Mechanisms controlling soil
respiration (CO2 and CH4) in southern peatlands, Soil Biol. Biochem., 24,
1089–1099, https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(92)90058-6, 1992.
Brimblecombe, P.: The Global Sulfur Cycle, in: Treatise on Geochemistry, vol. 10, edited by: Holland, H. D. and Turekian, K. K., Elsevier Science, 559–591, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00814-7, 2014.
Brühl, C., Lelieveld, J., Crutzen, P. J., and Tost, H.: The role of
carbonyl sulphide as a source of stratospheric sulphate aerosol and its
impact on climate, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 1239–1253,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-1239-2012, 2012.
Capone, D. G. and Kiene, R. P.: Comparison of microbial dynamics in marine
and freshwater sediment, Limnol. Ocean., 33, 725–749, 1988.
Capooci, M. and Vargas, R.: Diel and seasonal patterns of soil CO2 efflux in
a temperate tidal marsh, Sci. Total Environ., 802, 149715,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149715, 2022a.
Capooci, M. and Vargas, R.: Data of Trace gas fluxes from tidal salt marsh soils (CO2, CH4, N2O, CS2 and DMS), figshare, [data set], https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.20449131, 2022b.
Capooci, M., Barba, J., Seyfferth, A. L., and Vargas, R.: Experimental
influence of storm-surge salinity on soil greenhouse gas emissions from a
tidal salt marsh, Sci. Total Environ., 686, 1164–1172,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.032, 2019.
Carroll, M. A., Heidt, L. E., Cicerone, R. J., and Prinn, R. G.: OCS, H2S,
and CS2 fluxes from a salt water marsh, J. Atmos. Chem., 4, 375–395,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00053811, 1986.
Charlson, R. J., Lovelock, J. E., Andreae, M. O., and Warren, S. G.: Oceanic
phytoplankton, atmospheric sulphur, cloud albedo and climate, Nature, 326,
655–661, https://doi.org/10.1038/326655a0, 1987.
Cheng, X., Peng, R., Chen, J., Luo, Y., Zhang, Q., An, S., Chen, J., and Li,
B.: CH4 and N2O emissions from Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites
australis in experimental mesocosms, Chemosphere, 68, 420–427,
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2007.01.004, 2007.
Cooper, D. J., De Mello, W. Z., Cooper, W. J., Zika, R. G., Saltzman, E. S.,
Prospero, J. M., and Savoie, D. L.: Short-term variability in biogenic
sulphur emissions from a Florida Spartina alterniflora marsh, Atmos.
Environ., 21, 7–12, 1987a.
Cooper, W. J., Cooper, D. J., Saltzman, E. S., Mello, W. Z. d., Savoie, D.
L., Zika, R. G., and Prospero, J. M.: Emissions of biogenic sulphur
compounds from several wetland soils in Florida, Atmos. Environ., 21,
1491–1495, https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(87)90311-8, 1987b.
Dacey, J. W. H., King, G. M., and Wakeham, S. G.: Factors controlling
emission of dimethylsulphide from salt marshes, Nature, 330, 643–645,
https://doi.org/10.1038/330643a0, 1987.
DeLaune, R. D., Devai, I., and Lindau, C. W.: Flux of reduced sulfur gases
along a salinity gradient in Louisiana coastal marshes, Estuar. Coast. Shelf
Sci., 54, 1003–1011, https://doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2001.0871, 2002.
De Mello, W. Z., Cooper, D. J., Cooper, W. J., Saltzman, E. S., Zika, R. G.,
Savoie, D. L., and Prospero, J. M.: Spatial and diel variability in the
emissions of some biogenic sulfur compounds from a Florida Spartina alterniflora coastal zone, Atmos. Environ., 21, 987–990,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(87)90095-3, 1987.
Diefenderfer, H. L., Cullinan, V. I., Borde, A. B., Gunn, C. M., and Thom,
R. M.: High-frequency greenhouse gas flux measurement system detects winter
storm surge effects on salt marsh, Glob. Change Biol., 24, 5961–5971,
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14430, 2018.
DNREC: Delaware National Esturaine Research Reserve Estuarine Profile, 158 pp., 1999.
Duarte, C. M., Middelburg, J. J., and Caraco, N.: Major role of marine vegetation on the oceanic carbon cycle, Biogeosciences, 2, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2-1-2005, 2005.
Emery, H. E. and Fulweiler, R. W.: Spartina alterniflora and invasive
Phragmites australis stands have similar greenhouse gas emissions in a New
England marsh, Aquat. Bot., 116, 83–92,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2014.01.010, 2014.
Emmer, I., Needelman, B., Emmett-Mattox, S., Crooks, S., Beers, L.,
Megonigal, P., Myers, D., Oreska, M., McGlathery, K., and Shoch, D.:
Methodology for Tidal Wetland and Seagrass Restoration, 1–115, 2021.
Filippa, G., Cremonese, E., Migliavacca, M., Galvagno, M., Folker, M.,
Richardson, A. D., and Tomelleri, E.: phenopix: Process Digital Images of a
Vegetation Cover, R Packag, version 2.4.2, 2020.
Finster, K., King, G. M., Bak, F., and Finster, K.: Formation of
methylmercaptan and dimethylsulfide from methoxylated aromatic compounds in
anoxic marine and fresh water sediments, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 74,
295–302, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb04076.x, 1990.
Goldan, P. D., Kuster, W. C., Albritton, D. L., and Fehsenfeld, F. C.: The
measurement of natural sulfur emissions from soils and vegetation: Three
sites in the Eastern United States revisited, J. Atmos. Chem., 5, 439–467,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00113905, 1987.
Granville, K. E., Ooi, S. K., Koenig, L. E., Lawrence, B. A., Elphick, C.
S., and Helton, A. M.: Seasonal Patterns of Denitrification and N2O
Production in a Southern New England Salt Marsh, Wetlands, 41, 1–13,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-021-01393-x, 2021.
Hill, A. C. and Vargas, R.: Methane and Carbon Dioxide Fluxes in a Temperate
Tidal Salt Marsh: Comparisons Between Plot and Ecosystem Measurements, J.
Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 127, e2022JG006943,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JG006943, 2022.
Hill, A. C., Vázquez-Lule, A., and Vargas, R.: Linking vegetation
spectral reflectance with ecosystem carbon phenology in a temperate salt
marsh, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 307, 108481,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108481, 2021.
Hines, M. E.: Emissions of sulfur gases from wetlands, Internationale Vereinigung für Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie, 25, 153–161,
https://doi.org/10.1080/05384680.1996.11904076, 1996.
Järveoja, J., Nilsson, M. B., Gažovič, M., Crill, P. M., and
Peichl, M.: Partitioning of the net CO2 exchange using an automated chamber
system reveals plant phenology as key control of production and respiration
fluxes in a boreal peatland, Glob. Change Biol., 24, 3436–3451,
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14292, 2018.
Jha, C. S., Rodda, S. R., Thumaty, K. C., Raha, A. K., and Dadhwal, V. K.:
Eddy covariance based methane flux in Sundarbans mangroves, India, J. Earth
Syst. Sci., 123, 1089–1096, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-014-0451-y,
2014.
Jørgensen, B. B. and Okholm-Hansen, B.: Emissions of biogenic sulfur
gases from a danish estuary, Atmos. Environ., 19, 1737–1749,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(85)90001-0, 1985.
Kellogg, W. W., Cadle, R. D., Allen, E. R., Lazrus, A. L., and Martell, E.
A.: The Sulfur Cycle, Science, 175, 587–596,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-6142(08)62696-0, 1972.
Kiene, R. P.: Dimethyl sulfide metabolism in salt marsh sediments, FEMS
Microbiol. Lett., 53, 71–78, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1097(88)90014-6,
1988.
Kiene, R. P. and Visscher, P. T.: Production and fate of methylated sulfur
mompounds from methionine and dimethylsulfoniopropionate in anoxic salt
marsh sediments, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 53, 2426–2434, 1987.
Kim, J., Verma, S. B., Billesbach, D. P., and Clement, R. J.: Diel variation
in methane emission from a midlatitude prairie wetland: Significance of
convective throughflow in Phragmites australis, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
103, 28029–28039, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JD02441, 1998.
Koskinen, M., Minkkinen, K., Ojanen, P., Kämäräinen, M., Laurila, T., and Lohila, A.: Measurements of CO2 exchange with an automated chamber system throughout the year: challenges in measuring night-time respiration on porous peat soil, Biogeosciences, 11, 347–363, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-347-2014, 2014.
Laursen, A. E. and Seitzinger, S. P.: Measurement of denitrification in
rivers: an integrated, whole reach approach, Hydrobiologia, 485, 67–81,
2002.
Lin, Y. S., Heuer, V. B., Ferdelman, T. G., and Hinrichs, K.-U.: Microbial conversion of inorganic carbon to dimethyl sulfide in anoxic lake sediment (Plußsee, Germany), Biogeosciences, 7, 2433–2444, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-2433-2010, 2010.
Livesley, S. J. and Andrusiak, S. M.: Temperate mangrove and salt marsh
sediments are a small methane and nitrous oxide source but important carbon
store, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 97, 19–27,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.11.002, 2012.
Lomans, B. P., Van der Drift, C., Pol, A., and Op den Camp, H. J. M.:
Microbial cycling of volatile organic sulfur compounds, Water Sci. Technol.,
45, 55–60, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-002-8450-6, 2002.
Macreadie, P. I., Costa, M. D. P., Atwood, T. B., Friess, D. A., Kelleway,
J. J., Kennedy, H., Lovelock, C. E., Serrano, O., and Duarte, C. M.: Blue
carbon as a natural climate solution, Nat. Rev. Earth Environ., 2, 826–839,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-021-00224-1, 2021.
McTigue, N. D., Walker, Q. A., and Currin, C. A.: Refining Estimates of
Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Salt Marsh “Blue Carbon” Erosion and
Decomposition, Front. Mar. Sci., 8, 1–13,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.661442, 2021.
Middelburg, J. J., Klaver, G., Nieuwenhuize, J., Wielemaker, A., de Hass,
W., Vlug, T., and van der Nat, J. F. W. A.: Organic matter mineral sediments
along an estuarine gradient, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 132, 157–168, 1996.
Moffett, K. B., Wolf, A., Berry, J. A., and Gorelick, S. M.: Salt
marsh-atmosphere exchange of energy, water vapor, and carbon dioxide:
Effects of tidal flooding and biophysical controls, Water Resour. Res.,
46,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2009WR009041, 2010.
Möller, I., Kudella, M., Rupprecht, F., Spencer, T., Paul, M., Van
Wesenbeeck, B. K., Wolters, G., Jensen, K., Bouma, T. J., Miranda-Lange, M.,
and Schimmels, S.: Wave attenuation over coastal salt marshes under storm
surge conditions, Nat. Geosci., 7, 727–731,
https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2251, 2014.
Moran, J. J., House, C. H., Vrentas, J. M., and Freeman, K. H.: Methyl
sulfide production by a novel carbon monoxide metabolism in Methanosarcina acetivorans, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 74, 540–542,
https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01750-07, 2008.
Morrison, M. C. and Hines, M. E.: The variability of biogenic sulfur flux
from a temperate salt marsh on short time and space scales, Atmos. Environ.
Part A, 24, 1771–1779,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-1686(90)90509-L, 1990.
Moseman-Valtierra, S., Gonzalez, R., Kroeger, K. D., Tang, J., Chao, W. C.,
Crusius, J., Bratton, J., Green, A., and Shelton, J.: Short-term nitrogen
additions can shift a coastal wetland from a sink to a source of N2O, Atmos.
Environ., 45, 4390–4397, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.05.046,
2011.
Moseman-Valtierra, S., Abdul-Aziz, O. I., Tang, J., Ishtiaq, K. S.,
Morkeski, K., Mora, J., Quinn, R. K., Martin, R. M., Egan, K., Brannon, E.
Q., Carey, J., and Kroeger, K. D.: Carbon dioxide fluxes reflect plant
zonation and belowground biomass in a coastal marsh, Ecosphere,
7, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1560, e01560, 2016.
Murray, R. H., Erler, D. V., and Eyre, B. D.: Nitrous oxide fluxes in
estuarine environments: response to global change, Glob. Change Biol., 21,
3219–3245, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12923, 2015.
Neubauer, S. C. and Megonigal, J. P.: Correction to: Moving Beyond Global
Warming Potentials to Quantify the Climatic Role of Ecosystems, Ecosyst., 22, 1931–1932, https://doi.org/10.1007/S10021-019-00422-5, 2019.
NOAA National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS): System-Wide Monitoring Progra, [data set], https://cdmo.baruch.sc.edu/, last access: 26 July 2021.
Oremland, R. S., Marsh, L. M., and Polcin, S.: Methane production and
simultaneous sulphate reduction in anoxic, salt marsh sediments, Nature,
296, 143–145, 1982.
Peterson, P. M., Romaschenko, K., Arrieta, Y. H., and Saarela, J. M.: A
molecular phylogeny and new subgeneric classification of Sporobolus
(Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Sporobolinae), Taxon, 63, 1212–1243,
https://doi.org/10.12705/636.19, 2014.
Petrakis, S., Seyfferth, A., Kan, J., Inamdar, S., and Vargas, R.: Influence
of experimental extreme water pulses on greenhouse gas emissions from soils,
Biogeochemistry, 133, 147–164, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-017-0320-2,
2017.
Rinne, J., Riutta, T., Pihlatie, M., Aurela, M., Haapanala, S., Tuovinen, J.
P., Tuittila, E. S., and Vesala, T.: Annual cycle of methane emission from a
boreal fen measured by the eddy covariance technique, Tellus B, 59, 449–457,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2007.00261.x, 2007.
Rosentreter, J. A., Maher, D. T., Erler, D. V., Murray, R. H., and Eyre, B.
D.: Methane emissions partially offset “blue carbon” burial in mangroves,
Sci. Adv., 4, eaao4985, https://doi.org/10.1126/SCIADV.AAO4985, 2018.
Rosentreter, J. A., Al-Haj, A. N., Fulweiler, R. W., and Williamson, P.:
Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions Complicate Coastal Blue Carbon
Assessments, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 35, e2020GB006858,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GB006858, 2021.
Savage, K., Phillips, R., and Davidson, E.: High temporal frequency measurements of greenhouse gas emissions from soils, Biogeosciences, 11, 2709–2720, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2709-2014, 2014.
Sela-Adler, M., Said-Ahmad, W., Sivan, O., Eckert, W., Kiene, R. P., and
Amrani, A.: Isotopic evidence for the origin of dimethylsulfide and
dimethylsulfoniopropionate-like compounds in a warm, monomictic freshwater
lake, Environ. Chem., 13, 340–351,
https://doi.org/10.1071/EN15042, 2015.
Seyednasrollah, B., Young, A. M., Hufkens, K., Milliman, T., Friedl, M. A.,
Frolking, S., Richardson, A. D., Abraha, M., Allen, D. W., Apple, M., Arain,
M. A., Baker, J., Baker, J. M., Baldocchi, D., Bernacchi, C. J.,
Bhattacharjee, J., Blanken, P., Bosch, D. D., Boughton, R., Boughton, E. H.,
and Zona, D.: PhenoCam dataset v2.0: Vegetation phenology from digital
camera imagery, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, ORNL DAAC [data set],
https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1674, 2019.
Seyfferth, A. L., Bothfeld, F., Vargas, R., Stuckey, J. W., Wang, J.,
Kearns, K., Michael, H. A., Guimond, J., Yu, X., and Sparks, D. L.: Spatial
and temporal heterogeneity of geochemical controls on carbon cycling in a
tidal salt marsh, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 282, 1–18,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2020.05.013, 2020.
Simpson, L. T., Osborne, T. Z., and Feller, I. C.: Wetland Soil CO2 Efflux
Along a Latitudinal Gradient of Spatial and Temporal Complexity, Estuar. Coast., 42, 45–54,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-018-0442-3, 2019.
Steudler, P. A. and Peterson, B. J.: Contribution of gaseous sulphur from
salt marshes to the global sulphur cycle, Nature, 311, 455–457,
https://doi.org/10.1038/311455a0, 1984.
Steudler, P. A. and Peterson, B. J.: Annual cycle of gaseous sulfur
emissions from a New England Spartina alterniflora marsh, Atmos. Environ.,
19, 1411–1416, https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(85)90278-1, 1985.
Taubman, S. J. and Kasting, J. F.: Carbonyl sulfide: No remedy for global
warming, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 803–805,
https://doi.org/10.1029/95GL00636, 1995.
Thomas, M. A., Suntharalingam, P., Pozzoli, L., Rast, S., Devasthale, A., Kloster, S., Feichter, J., and Lenton, T. M.: Quantification of DMS aerosol-cloud-climate interactions using the ECHAM5-HAMMOZ model in a current climate scenario, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7425–7438, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7425-2010, 2010.
Tong, C., Huang, J. F., Hu, Z. Q., and Jin, Y. F.: Diurnal Variations of
Carbon Dioxide, Methane, and Nitrous Oxide Vertical Fluxes in a Subtropical
Estuarine Marsh on Neap and Spring Tide Days, Estuar. Coast., 36, 633–642,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-013-9596-1, 2013.
Tong, C., Morris, J. T., Huang, J., Xu, H., and Wan, S.: Changes in
pore-water chemistry and methane emission following the invasion of Spartina alterniflora into an oliogohaline marsh, Limnol. Oceanogr., 63, 384–396,
https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10637, 2018.
Trifunovic, B., Vázquez-Lule, A., Capooci, M., Seyfferth, A. L., Moffat,
C., and Vargas, R.: Carbon Dioxide and Methane Emissions From Temperate Salt
Marsh Tidal Creek, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 125,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JG005558, 2020.
Turetsky, M. R., Kotowska, A., Bubier, J., Dise, N. B., Crill, P.,
Hornibrook, E. R. C., Minkkinen, K., Moore, T. R., Myers-Smith, I. H.,
Nykanen, H., Olefeldt, D., Rinne, J., Saarnio, S., Shurpali, N., Tuittila,
E. S., Waddington, J. M., White, J. R., Wickland, K. P., and Wilmking, M.: A
synthesis of methane emissions from 71 northern, temperate, and subtropical
wetlands, Glob. Change Biol., 20, 2183–2197,
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12580, 2014.
UNFCCC: Paris Agreement to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Dec. 12, 2015, T.I.A.S. No. 16-1104, 2015.
Van Der Nat, F. and Middelburg, J. J.: Methane emission from tidal
freshwater marshes, Biogeochemistry, 49, 103–121, 2000.
Vargas, R., Carbone, M. S., Reichstein, M., and Baldocchi, D. D.: Frontiers
and challenges in soil respiration research: from measurements to model-data
integration, Biogeochemistry, 102, 1–13,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-010-9462-1, 2011.
Vázquez-Lule, A. and Vargas, R.: Biophysical drivers of net ecosystem
and methane exchange across phenological phases in a tidal salt marsh,
Agr. Forest Meteorol., 300, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108309,
2021.
Wang, J. and Wang, J.: Spartina alterniflora alters ecosystem DMS and CH4
emissions and their relationship along interacting tidal and vegetation
gradients within a coastal salt marsh in Eastern China, Atmos. Environ.,
167, 346–359, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2017.08.041, 2017.
Ward, N., Megonigal, P. J., Bond-Lamberty, B., Bailey, V., Butman, D.,
Canuel, E., Diefenderfer, H., Ganju, N. K., Goñi, M. A., Graham, E. B.,
Hopkinson, C. S., Khangaonkar, T., Langley, J. A., McDowell, N. G.,
Myers-Pigg, A. N., Neumann, R. B., Osburn, C. L., Price, R. M., Rowland, J.,
Sengupta, A., Simard, M., Thornton, P. E., Tzortziou, M., Vargas, R.,
Weisenhorn, P. B., and Windham-Myers, L.: Representing the Function and
Sensitivity of Coastal Interfaces in Earth System Models, Nat. Commun., 11, 2458,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16236-2, 2020.
Watts, S. F.: The mass budgets of carbonyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, carbon
disulfide and hydrogen sulfide, Atmos. Environ., 34, 761–779,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00342-8, 2000.
Whelan, M. E., Min, D. H., and Rhew, R. C.: Salt marsh vegetation as a
carbonyl sulfide (COS) source to the atmosphere, Atmos. Environ., 73,
131–137, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2013.02.048, 2013.
Wilson, B. J., Mortazavi, B., and Kiene, R. P.: Spatial and temporal
variability in carbon dioxide and methane exchange at three coastal marshes
along a salinity gradient in a northern Gulf of Mexico estuary,
Biogeochemistry, 123, 329–347, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0085-4,
2015.
Xie, H. and Moore, R. M.: Carbon disulfide in the North Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 104, 5393–5402,
https://doi.org/10.1029/1998jc900074, 1999.
Xie, X., Zhang, M.-Q., Zhao, B., and Guo, H.-Q.: Dependence of coastal wetland ecosystem respiration on temperature and tides: a temporal perspective, Biogeosciences, 11, 539–545, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-539-2014, 2014.
Xu, X., Fu, G., Zou, X., Ge, C., and Zhao, Y.: Diurnal variations of carbon
dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide fluxes from invasive Spartina alterniflora dominated coastal wetland in northern Jiangsu Province, Acta
Oceanol. Sin., 36, 105–113, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-017-1015-1,
2017.
Yang, W.-B. Bin, Yuan, C.-S. S., Tong, C., Yang, P., Yang, L., and Huang,
B.-Q. Q.: Diurnal variation of CO2, CH4, and N2O emission fluxes
continuously monitored in-situ in three environmental habitats in a
subtropical estuarine wetland, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 119, 289–298,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.04.005, 2017.
Yang, W.-B., Yuan, C.-S., Huang, B.-Q., Tong, C., and Yang, L.: Emission
Characteristics of Greenhouse Gases and Their Correlation with Water Quality
at an Estuarine Mangrove Ecosystem – the Application of an In-situ On-site
NDIR Monitoring Technique, Wetlands, 38, 723–738,
https://doi.org/10.1007/S13157-018-1015-8, 2018.
Yu, X., Ye, S., Olsson, L., Wei, M., Krauss, K. W., and Brix, H.: A 3-Year
In-Situ Measurement of CO2 Efflux in Coastal Wetlands: Understanding Carbon
Loss through Ecosystem Respiration and its Partitioning, Wetlands, 40, 551–563,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-019-01197-0, 2019.
Yu, Z., Li, Y., Deng, H., Wang, D., Chen, Z., and Xu, S.: Effect of Scirpus mariqueter on nitrous oxide emissions from a subtropical monsoon estuarine
wetland, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 117, 2017,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001850, 2012.
Zhang, Y. and Ding, W.: Diel methane emissions in stands of Spartina alterniflora and Suaeda salsa from a coastal salt marsh, Aquat. Bot., 95,
262–267, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.08.005, 2011.
Zhang, Y., Wang, L., Xie, X., Huang, L., and Wu, Y.: Effects of invasion of
Spartina alterniflora and exogenous N deposition on N2O emissions in a
coastal salt marsh, Ecol. Eng., 58, 77–83,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.06.011, 2013.
Short summary
Tidal salt marsh soil emits greenhouse gases, as well as sulfur-based gases, which play roles in global climate but are not well studied as they are difficult to measure. Traditional methods of measuring these gases worked relatively well for carbon dioxide, but less so for methane, nitrous oxide, carbon disulfide, and dimethylsulfide. High variability of trace gases complicates the ability to accurately calculate gas budgets and new approaches are needed for monitoring protocols.
Tidal salt marsh soil emits greenhouse gases, as well as sulfur-based gases, which play roles in...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint