- Articles & preprints
- Submission
- Policies
- Peer review
- Editorial board
- About
- EGU publications
- Manuscript tracking
Journal cover
Journal topic
Biogeosciences
An interactive open-access journal of the European Geosciences Union
Journal topic
- Articles & preprints
- Submission
- Policies
- Peer review
- Editorial board
- About
- EGU publications
- Manuscript tracking
Journal metrics
IF3.480
IF 5-year
4.194
4.194
CiteScore
6.7
6.7
SNIP1.143
IPP3.65
SJR1.761
Scimago H
index118
index118
h5-index60
Abstracted/indexed
Abstracted/indexed- Science Citation Index Expanded
- Current Contents/ABE
- Current Contents/PCE
- Scopus
- ADS
- AGRICOLA
- Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts
- CAB Abstracts
- Cabell's
- Chemical Abstracts
- CLOCKSS
- CNKI
- DOAJ
- EBSCO
- GBA
- Gale/Cengage
- GeoBase
- GeoRef
- GoOA (CAS)
- Google Scholar
- J-Gate
- Portico
- ProQuest
- World Public Library
BG | Articles | Volume 17, issue 13
Biogeosciences, 17, 3367–3383, 2020
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3367-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3367-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Biogeosciences, 17, 3367–3383, 2020
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3367-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3367-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article 03 Jul 2020
Research article | 03 Jul 2020
From fibrous plant residues to mineral-associated organic carbon – the fate of organic matter in Arctic permafrost soils
Isabel Prater et al.
Related authors
Lars A. Meier, Patryk Krauze, Isabel Prater, Fabian Horn, Carlos E. G. R. Schaefer, Thomas Scholten, Dirk Wagner, Carsten W. Mueller, and Peter Kühn
Biogeosciences, 16, 2481–2499, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2481-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2481-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
James Ross Island offers the opportunity to study the undisturbed interplay of microbial activity and pedogenesis. Soils from two sites representing coastal and inland conditions were chosen and analyzed with a wide range of techniques to describe soil properties. We are able to show that coastal conditions go along with more intense weathering and therefore favor soil formation and that microbial communities are initially more affected by weathering and structure than by chemical parameters.
Fabian Kalks, Gabriel Noren, Carsten Mueller, Mirjam Helfrich, Janet Rethemeyer, and Axel Don
SOIL Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2020-34, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2020-34, 2020
Revised manuscript under review for SOIL
Short summary
Short summary
Sedimentary rocks contain organic carbon that may end up as soil carbon. However, this source of soil carbon is overlooked and has not been quantified sufficiently. In this study we analysed 10 m long sediment cores with three different sedimentary rocks. All sediments contain considerable amounts of geogenic carbon contributing 3 to 12 % to total soil carbon below 30 cm soil depth. The low 14C content of geogenic carbon can result in underestimations of soil carbon turnover derived from 14C data.
Lars A. Meier, Patryk Krauze, Isabel Prater, Fabian Horn, Carlos E. G. R. Schaefer, Thomas Scholten, Dirk Wagner, Carsten W. Mueller, and Peter Kühn
Biogeosciences, 16, 2481–2499, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2481-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2481-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
James Ross Island offers the opportunity to study the undisturbed interplay of microbial activity and pedogenesis. Soils from two sites representing coastal and inland conditions were chosen and analyzed with a wide range of techniques to describe soil properties. We are able to show that coastal conditions go along with more intense weathering and therefore favor soil formation and that microbial communities are initially more affected by weathering and structure than by chemical parameters.
Friederike Gerschlauer, Gustavo Saiz, David Schellenberger Costa, Michael Kleyer, Michael Dannenmann, and Ralf Kiese
Biogeosciences, 16, 409–424, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-409-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-409-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Mount Kilimanjaro is an iconic environmental asset under serious threat due to increasing human pressures and climate change constraints. We studied variations in the stable isotopic composition of carbon and nitrogen in plant, litter, and soil material sampled along a strong land-use and altitudinal gradient. Our results show that, besides management, increasing temperatures in a changing climate may promote carbon and nitrogen losses, thus altering the stability of Kilimanjaro ecosystems.
Sonja Kaiser, Mathias Göckede, Karel Castro-Morales, Christian Knoblauch, Altug Ekici, Thomas Kleinen, Sebastian Zubrzycki, Torsten Sachs, Christian Wille, and Christian Beer
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 333–358, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-333-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-333-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
A new consistent, process-based methane module that is integrated with permafrost processes is presented. It was developed within a global land surface scheme and evaluated at a polygonal tundra site in Samoylov, Russia. The calculated methane emissions show fair agreement with field data and capture detailed differences between the explicitly modelled gas transport processes and in the gas dynamics under varying soil water and temperature conditions during seasons and on different microsites.
Stephan John, Gerrit Angst, Kristina Kirfel, Sebastian Preusser, Carsten W. Mueller, Christoph Leuschner, Ellen Kandeler, and Janet Rethemeyer
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2016-11, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2016-11, 2016
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
In this manuscript we investigate chemical, biological and physical soil parameters and their influence on 14C contents and distribution in three nearby soil profiles under beech forest. We found a large heterogeneity in 14C contents in the profiles, mainly caused by the abundance of roots. Our results indicate that 14C analysis of individual soil profiles – as it is done in most studies – may lead to misleading assumptions of SOM turnover in soils when extrapolated on larger areas.
M. Liu, M. Dannenmann, S. Lin, G. Saiz, G. Yan, Z. Yao, D. E. Pelster, H. Tao, S. Sippel, Y. Tao, Y. Zhang, X. Zheng, Q. Zuo, and K. Butterbach-Bahl
Biogeosciences, 12, 4831–4840, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4831-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4831-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We demonstrate for the first time that a ground cover rice production system (GCRPS) significantly increased soil organic C and total N stocks at spatially representative paired sites under varying edaphic conditions. Our results suggest that GCRPS is a stable and sustainable technique that maintains key soil functions, while increasing rice yield and expanding the cultivation into regions where it has been hampered by low seasonal temperatures and/or a lack of irrigation water.
G. Hugelius, J. Strauss, S. Zubrzycki, J. W. Harden, E. A. G. Schuur, C.-L. Ping, L. Schirrmeister, G. Grosse, G. J. Michaelson, C. D. Koven, J. A. O'Donnell, B. Elberling, U. Mishra, P. Camill, Z. Yu, J. Palmtag, and P. Kuhry
Biogeosciences, 11, 6573–6593, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6573-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6573-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides an updated estimate of organic carbon stored in the northern permafrost region. The study includes estimates for carbon in soils (0 to 3 m depth) and deeper sediments in river deltas and the Yedoma region. We find that field data is still scarce from many regions. Total estimated carbon storage is ~1300 Pg with an uncertainty range of between 1100 and 1500 Pg. Around 800 Pg carbon is perennially frozen, equivalent to all carbon dioxide currently in the Earth's atmosphere.
C. Werner, K. Reiser, M. Dannenmann, L. B. Hutley, J. Jacobeit, and K. Butterbach-Bahl
Biogeosciences, 11, 6047–6065, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6047-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6047-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric loss of N from savanna soil was dominated by N2 emissions (82-99% of total N loss to atmosphere). Nitric oxide emissions significantly contributed at 50% WFPS; high temperatures and N2O emissions were negligible. Based on a simple upscale approach we estimated annual loss of N to the atmosphere at 7.5kg yr-1. N2O emission was low for most samples, but high for a small subset of cores at 75% WFPS (due to short periods where such conditions occur this has little effect on totals).
S. Zubrzycki, L. Kutzbach, and E.-M. Pfeiffer
Solid Earth, 5, 595–609, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-595-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-595-2014, 2014
I. Antcibor, A. Eschenbach, S. Zubrzycki, L. Kutzbach, D. Bolshiyanov, and E.-M. Pfeiffer
Biogeosciences, 11, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1-2014, 2014
J. Esperschütz, C. Zimmermann, A. Dümig, G. Welzl, F. Buegger, M. Elmer, J. C. Munch, and M. Schloter
Biogeosciences, 10, 5115–5124, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5115-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5115-2013, 2013
S. Zubrzycki, L. Kutzbach, G. Grosse, A. Desyatkin, and E.-M. Pfeiffer
Biogeosciences, 10, 3507–3524, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3507-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3507-2013, 2013
S. Höfle, J. Rethemeyer, C. W. Mueller, and S. John
Biogeosciences, 10, 3145–3158, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3145-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3145-2013, 2013
S. Schulz, M. Engel, D. Fischer, F. Buegger, M. Elmer, G. Welzl, and M. Schloter
Biogeosciences, 10, 1183–1192, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1183-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1183-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Soils
Deepening roots can enhance carbonate weathering by amplifying CO2-rich recharge
Vertical mobility of pyrogenic organic matter in soils: a column experiment
Vertical partitioning of CO2 production in a forest soil
Interactions between biogeochemical and management factors explain soil organic carbon in Pyrenean grasslands
Reviews and syntheses: Ironing out wrinkles in the soil phosphorus cycling paradigm
Herbicide weed control increases nutrient leaching compared to mechanical weeding in a large-scale oil palm plantation
Reviews and syntheses: The mechanisms underlying carbon storage in soil
Identification of lower-order inositol phosphates (IP5 and IP4) in soil extracts as determined by hypobromite oxidation and solution 31P NMR spectroscopy
Modelling dynamic interactions between soil structure and the storage and turnover of soil organic matter
Warming increases soil respiration in a carbon-rich soil without changing microbial respiratory potential
Millennial-age GDGTs in forested mineral soils: 14C-based evidence for stabilization of microbial necromass
Estimating maximum mineral associated organic carbon in UK grasslands
Reviews and syntheses: Soil responses to manipulated precipitation changes – an assessment of meta-analyses
Representing methane emissions from wet tropical forest soils using microbial functional groups constrained by soil diffusivity
Denitrification in soil as a function of oxygen supply and demand at the microscale
Age distribution, extractability, and stability of mineral-bound organic carbon in central European soils
Relevance of aboveground litter for soil organic matter formation – a soil profile perspective
A revised pan-Arctic permafrost soil Hg pool based on Western Siberian peat Hg and carbon observations
Using respiration quotients to track changing sources of soil respiration seasonally and with experimental warming
Particles under stress: Ultrasonication causes size and recovery rate artifacts with soil derived POM, but not with microplastics
The soil organic carbon stabilization potential of old and new wheat cultivars: a 13CO2-labeling study
Phosphorus Transport in Subsurface Flow at Beech Forest Stands: Does Phosphorus Mobilization Keep up with Transport?
Drivers and modelling of blue carbon stock variability in sediments of southeastern Australia
A comparison of patterns of microbial C : N : P stoichiometry between topsoil and subsoil along an aridity gradient
Soil total phosphorus and nitrogen explain vegetation community composition in a northern forest ecosystem near a phosphate massif
Contrasting conifer species productivity in relation to soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of British Columbia perhumid rainforests
Increasing soil carbon stocks in eight permanent forest plots in China
Estimates of mean residence times of phosphorus in commonly considered inorganic soil phosphorus pools
Lability classification of soil organic matter in the northern permafrost region
Current, steady-state and historical weathering rates of base cations at two forest sites in northern and southern Sweden: a comparison of three methods
Anoxic conditions maintained high phosphorus sorption in humid tropical forest soils
Reviews and syntheses: Agropedogenesis – humankind as the sixth soil-forming factor and attractors of agricultural soil degradation
Weathering rates in Swedish forest soils
Exogenous phosphorus compounds interact with nitrogen availability to regulate dynamics of soil inorganic phosphorus fractions in a meadow steppe
The simulated N deposition accelerates net N mineralization and nitrification in a tropical forest soil
Simulated wild boar bioturbation increases the stability of forest soil carbon
Spatial changes in soil stable isotopic composition in response to carrion decomposition
Spatial gradients in the characteristics of soil-carbon fractions are associated with abiotic features but not microbial communities
Physical constraints for respiration in microbial hotspots in soil and their importance for denitrification
Biological enhancement of mineral weathering by Pinus sylvestris seedlings – effects of plants, ectomycorrhizal fungi, and elevated CO2
Past aridity's effect on carbon mineralization potentials in grassland soils
Plant functional traits determine latitudinal variations in soil microbial function: evidence from forests in China
Dynamics of deep soil carbon – insights from 14C time series across a climatic gradient
A novel isotope pool dilution approach to quantify gross rates of key abiotic and biological processes in the soil phosphorus cycle
Frequency and intensity of nitrogen addition alter soil inorganic sulfur fractions, but the effects vary with mowing management in a temperate steppe
Global soil–climate–biome diagram: linking surface soil properties to climate and biota
Shifting mineral and redox controls on carbon cycling in seasonally flooded mineral soils
Pedogenic and microbial interrelation in initial soils under semiarid climate on James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula region
Global satellite-driven estimates of heterotrophic respiration
Underestimation of denitrification rates from field application of the 15N gas flux method and its correction by gas diffusion modelling
Hang Wen, Pamela L. Sullivan, Gwendolyn L. Macpherson, Sharon A. Billings, and Li Li
Biogeosciences, 18, 55–75, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-55-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-55-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Carbonate weathering is essential in regulating carbon cycle at the century timescale. Plant roots accelerate weathering by elevating soil CO2 via respiration. It however remains poorly understood how and how much rooting characteristics modify flow paths and weathering. This work indicates that deepening roots in woodlands can enhance carbonate weathering by promoting recharge and CO2–carbonate contact in the deep, carbonate-abundant subsurface.
Marcus Schiedung, Severin-Luca Bellè, Gabriel Sigmund, Karsten Kalbitz, and Samuel Abiven
Biogeosciences, 17, 6457–6474, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6457-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6457-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The mobility of pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) in soils is largely unknow, while it is a major and persistent component of the soil organic matter. With a soil column experiment, we identified that only a small proportion of PyOM can migrate through the soil, but its export is continuous. Aging and associated oxidation increase its mobility but also its retention in soils. Further, PyOM can alter the vertical mobility of native soil organic carbon during its downward migration.
Patrick Wordell-Dietrich, Anja Wotte, Janet Rethemeyer, Jörg Bachmann, Mirjam Helfrich, Kristina Kirfel, Christoph Leuschner, and Axel Don
Biogeosciences, 17, 6341–6356, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6341-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6341-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The release of CO2 from soils, known as soil respiration, plays a major role in the global carbon cycle. However, the contributions of different soil depths or the sources of soil CO2 have hardly been studied. We quantified the CO2 production for different soil layers (up to 1.5 m) in three soil profiles for 2 years. We found that 90 % of CO2 production occurs in the first 30 cm of the soil profile, and that the CO2 originated from young carbon sources, as revealed by radiocarbon measurements.
Antonio Rodríguez, Rosa Maria Canals, Josefina Plaixats, Elena Albanell, Haifa Debouk, Jordi Garcia-Pausas, Leticia San Emeterio, Àngela Ribas, Juan José Jimenez, and M.-Teresa Sebastià
Biogeosciences, 17, 6033–6050, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6033-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6033-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The novelty of our work is that it presents a series of potential interactions between drivers of soil organic carbon at broad scales in temperate mountain grasslands. The most relevant contribution of our work is that it illustrates the importance of grazing management for soil carbon stocks, indicating that interactions between grazing species and soil nitrogen and herbage quality may be promising paths in order to design further management policies for palliating climate change.
Curt A. McConnell, Jason P. Kaye, and Armen R. Kemanian
Biogeosciences, 17, 5309–5333, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5309-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5309-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Soil phosphorus (P) management is a critical challenge for agriculture worldwide; yet, simulation models of soil P processes lag those of other essential nutrients. In this review, we identify hindrances to measuring and modeling soil P pools and fluxes. We highlight the need to clarify biological and mineral interactions by defining P pools explicitly and using evolving techniques, such as tracing P in phosphates using oxygen isotopes.
Greta Formaglio, Edzo Veldkamp, Xiaohong Duan, Aiyen Tjoa, and Marife D. Corre
Biogeosciences, 17, 5243–5262, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5243-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5243-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The intensive management of large-scale oil palm plantations may result in high nutrient leaching losses which reduce soil fertility and potentially pollute water bodies. The reduction in management intensity with lower fertilization rates and with mechanical weeding instead of the use of herbicide results in lower nutrient leaching losses while maintaining high yield. Lower leaching results from lower nutrient inputs from fertilizer and from higher retention by enhanced cover vegetation.
Isabelle Basile-Doelsch, Jérôme Balesdent, and Sylvain Pellerin
Biogeosciences, 17, 5223–5242, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5223-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5223-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The 4 per 1000 initiative aims to restore carbon storage in soils to both mitigate climate change and contribute to food security. The French National Institute for Agricultural Research conducted a study to determine the carbon storage potential in French soils and associated costs. This paper is a part of that study. It reviews recent advances concerning the mechanisms that controls C stabilization in soils. Synthetic figures integrating new concepts should be of pedagogical interest.
Jolanda E. Reusser, René Verel, Daniel Zindel, Emmanuel Frossard, and Timothy I. McLaren
Biogeosciences, 17, 5079–5095, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5079-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5079-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Inositol phosphates (IPs) are a major pool of organic P in soil. However, information on their diversity and abundance in soil is limited. We isolated IPs from soil and characterised them using solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. For the first time, we provide direct spectroscopic evidence for the existence of a multitude of lower-order IPs in soil extracts previously not detected with NMR. Our findings will help provide new insight into the cycling of IPs in ecosystems.
Katharina Hildegard Elisabeth Meurer, Claire Chenu, Elsa Coucheney, Anke Marianne Herrmann, Thomas Keller, Thomas Kätterer, David Nimblad Svensson, and Nicholas Jarvis
Biogeosciences, 17, 5025–5042, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5025-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5025-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We present a simple model that describes, for the first time, the dynamic two-way interactions between soil organic matter and soil physical properties (porosity, pore size distribution, bulk density and layer thickness). The model was able to accurately reproduce the changes in soil organic carbon, soil bulk density and surface elevation observed during 63 years in a field trial, as well as soil water retention curves measured at the end of the experimental period.
Marion Nyberg and Mark J. Hovenden
Biogeosciences, 17, 4405–4420, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4405-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4405-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Experimental warming increased soil respiration (RS) by more than 25 % in a Tasmanian C-rich soil, but there was no impact on microbial respiration in laboratory experiments. Plant community composition had no effect on RS, suggesting the response is likely due to enhanced belowground plant respiration and C supply through rhizodeposition and root exudates. Results imply we need studies of both C inputs and losses to model net ecosystem C exchange of these crucial, C-dense systems effectively.
Hannah Gies, Frank Hagedorn, Maarten Lupker, Daniel Montluçon, Negar Haghipour, Tessa Sophia van der Voort, and Timothy Ian Eglinton
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-308, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-308, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding controls on the persistence of organic matter in soils is essential to constrain its role in the carbon cycle. Emerging concepts suggest that the soil carbon pool is predominantly comprised of stabilized microbial residues. To test this hypothesis we isolated microbial membrane lipids from two Swiss soil profiles and measured their radiocarbon age. We find that the ages of these compounds are in the range of millenia and thus provide evidence for stabilized microbial mass in soils.
Kirsty C. Paterson, Joanna M. Cloy, Robert M. Rees, Elizabeth M. Baggs, Hugh Martineau, Dario Fornara, Andrew J. Macdonald, and Sarah Buckingham
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-273, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-273, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic carbon sequestration across agroecosystems worldwide can contribute to mitigate the effects of climate change by reducing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Maximum carbon sequestration potential is frequently estimated using the linear regression equation developed by Hassink (1997). This work examines the suitability of this equation for use in grasslands across the United Kingdom. The results highlight the need to ensure the fit of equations to the soils being studied.
Akane O. Abbasi, Alejandro Salazar, Youmi Oh, Sabine Reinsch, Maria del Rosario Uribe, Jianghanyang Li, Irfan Rashid, and Jeffrey S. Dukes
Biogeosciences, 17, 3859–3873, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3859-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3859-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we provide a holistic view of soil responses to precipitation changes. A total of 16 meta-analyses focusing on the effects of precipitation changes on 42 soil response variables were compared. A strong agreement was found that the belowground carbon and nitrogen cycling accelerate under increased precipitation and slow under decreased precipitation, while bacterial and fungal communities are relatively resistant to decreased precipitation. Knowledge gaps were also identified.
Debjani Sihi, Xiaofeng Xu, Mónica Salazar Ortiz, Christine S. O'Connell, Whendee L. Silver, Carla López-Lloreda, Julia M. Brenner, Ryan K. Quinn, Jana R. Phillips, Brent D. Newman, and Melanie A. Mayes
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-222, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-222, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
Humid tropical soils are important sources and sinks of methane. We used model simulation to understand how different kinds of microbes and observed soil moisture and oxygen dynamics contribute to production and consumption of methane along a wet tropical hillslope during normal and drought conditions. Drought alters the diffusion of oxygen and microbial substrates into and out of soil
microsites, resulting in enhanced methane release from the entire hillslope during drought recovery.
Lena Rohe, Bernd Apelt, Hans-Jörg Vogel, Reinhard Well, Gi-Mick Wu, and Steffen Schlüter
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-221, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-221, 2020
Preprint under review for BG
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a well-defined and comprehensive experimental setup analyzing total denitrification, i.e. N2O and (N2O+N2) fluxes, in combination with X-ray CT image analysis. (N2O+N2) fluxes were mainly controlled by the interplay of oxygen supply and demand. The former could be estimated by abiotic proxies like the extent of anaerobic soil volumes or diffusivity, whereas the latter was best described by CO2 production or SOM. N2O fluxes additionally depended on the N2O reduction.
Marion Schrumpf, Klaus Kaiser, Allegra Mayer, Günter Hempel, and Susan Trumbore
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-212, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-212, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
Large amounts of organic carbon (OC) in soil are protected against decay by bonding to minerals. We studied the release of mineral-bonded OC by NaF-NaOH extraction and H2O2 oxidation. Unexpectedly, extraction and oxidation removed mineral-bonded OC at roughly constant portions and of similar age distributions, irrespective of mineral composition, land use, and soil depth. The results suggest uniform modes of interactions between OC and minerals across soils in quasi-steady state with inputs.
Patrick Liebmann, Patrick Wordell-Dietrich, Karsten Kalbitz, Robert Mikutta, Fabian Kalks, Axel Don, Susanne K. Woche, Leena R. Dsilva, and Georg Guggenberger
Biogeosciences, 17, 3099–3113, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3099-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3099-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the contribution of litter-derived carbon (C) in the formation of subsoil organic matter (OM). Soil core sampling, 13C field labeling, density fractionation, and water extractions were used to track its contribution to different functional OM fractions down to the deep subsoil. We show that while migrating down the soil profile, OM undergoes a sequence of repeated sorption, microbial processing, and desorption. However, the contribution of litter-derived C to subsoil OM is small.
Artem G. Lim, Martin Jiskra, Jeroen E. Sonke, Sergey V. Loiko, Natalia Kosykh, and Oleg S. Pokrovsky
Biogeosciences, 17, 3083–3097, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3083-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3083-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
To better understand the mercury (Hg) content in northern soils, we measured Hg concentration in peat cores across a 1700 km permafrost gradient in Siberia. We demonstrated a northward increase in Hg concentration in peat and Hg pools in frozen peatlands. We revised the 0–30 cm northern soil Hg pool to be 72 Gg, which is 7 % of the global soil Hg pool of 1086 Gg. The results are important for understanding Hg exchange between soil, water, and the atmosphere under climate change in the Arctic.
Caitlin Hicks Pries, Alon Angert, Cristina Castanha, Boaz Hilman, and Margaret S. Torn
Biogeosciences, 17, 3045–3055, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3045-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3045-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The apparent respiration quotient (ARQ) changes according to which substrates microbes consume, allowing sources of soil respiration to be traced. In a forest soil warming experiment, ARQ had a strong seasonal pattern that reflected a shift from respiration being fueled by sugars and organic acids derived from roots during the growing season to respiration being fueled by dead microbes during winter. ARQ values also changed with experimental warming.
Frederick Büks, Gilles Kayser, Antonia Zieger, Friederike Lang, and Martin Kaupenjohann
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-204, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-204, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
Ultrasonication/density fractionation is a common method used to extract particulate organic matter (POM) and, recently, microplastic (MP) from soil samples. In this study, ultrasonic treatment with mechanical stress increasing from 0 to 500 J ml−1 caused comminution and a reduced recovery rate of soil derived POMs, but no such effects with MP particles. In consequence, the extraction of MP from soils is not affected by particle size and recovery rate artifacts.
Marijn Van de Broek, Shiva Ghiasi, Charlotte Decock, Andreas Hund, Samuel Abiven, Cordula Friedli, Roland A. Werner, and Johan Six
Biogeosciences, 17, 2971–2986, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2971-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2971-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Four wheat cultivars were labeled with 13CO2 to quantify the effect of rooting depth and root biomass on the belowground transfer of organic carbon. We found no clear relation between the time since cultivar development and the amount of carbon inputs to the soil. Therefore, the hypothesis that wheat cultivars with a larger root biomass and deeper roots promote carbon stabilization was rejected. The amount of root biomass that will be stabilized in the soil on the long term is, however, unknown.
Michael Rinderer, Jaane Krüger, Friederike Lang, Heike Puhlmann, and Markus Weiler
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-118, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-118, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
To quantify Phosphorus loss from forests by vertical and lateral soil water flow, we conducted six sprinkling experiments at three beech forests in Germany. Out data showed a nutrient flashing (high P concentrations) during the first 2 hours after the onset but no further depletion thereafter. This suggest that the mobilization of P can keep up with its transport. We also showed that the P concentrations decreased with soil depth suggesting an efficient retention of P in the forest soil.
Carolyn J. Ewers Lewis, Mary A. Young, Daniel Ierodiaconou, Jeffrey A. Baldock, Bruce Hawke, Jonathan Sanderman, Paul E. Carnell, and Peter I. Macreadie
Biogeosciences, 17, 2041–2059, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2041-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2041-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Blue carbonecosystems – tidal marsh, mangrove, and seagrass – serve as important organic carbon sinks, mitigating impacts of climate change. We utilized a robust regional carbon stock dataset to identify ecological, geomorphological, and anthropogenic drivers of carbon stock variability and create high-spatial-resolution predictive carbon stock maps. This work facilitates strategic conservation and restoration of coastal blue carbon ecosystems to contribute to climate change mitigation.
Yuqing Liu, Wenhong Ma, Dan Kou, Xiaxia Niu, Tian Wang, Yongliang Chen, Dima Chen, Xiaoqin Zhu, Mengying Zhao, Baihui Hao, Jinbo Zhang, Yuanhe Yang, and Huifeng Hu
Biogeosciences, 17, 2009–2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2009-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2009-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The microbial C : N ratio increased with aridity, while the microbial N : P ratio decreased with aridity, which implied that drought-stimulated microbes tend to be more N conservative. Among all examined ecological factors, substrate supply and microbial structure together controlled the microbial stoichiometry. Overall, these results illustrated N and P limitation in microbial biomass at deeper soil depths along the aridity gradient and limited responses to ecological factors in the subsoil.
Laura Matkala, Maija Salemaa, and Jaana Bäck
Biogeosciences, 17, 1535–1556, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1535-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1535-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We studied how species number and abundance of the understorey vegetation correlates with nutrient contents of soil and tree leaves at a northern boreal forest site. The phosphorus (P) content of the humus layer showed higher correlation with vegetation than the nitrogen (N) content. Usually N is considered more important in boreal forests. The plots with high P content in humus had birch as the dominant tree species, implying that birch leaf litter is an important source of P to the plants.
John Marty Kranabetter, Ariana Sholinder, and Louise de Montigny
Biogeosciences, 17, 1247–1260, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1247-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1247-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Temperate rainforests of the Pacific Northwest often have productive soils with high levels of organic matter. We describe the nitrogen and phosphorus attributes of this soil organic matter in relation to the growth of four conifer species. Sitka spruce thrived on high-nitrogen soils, more so than the other conifer species, but productivity overall is likely constrained by phosphorus deficiencies. Study results will guide wood production, carbon sequestration and conservation priorities.
Jianxiao Zhu, Chuankuan Wang, Zhang Zhou, Guoyi Zhou, Xueyang Hu, Lai Jiang, Yide Li, Guohua Liu, Chengjun Ji, Shuqing Zhao, Peng Li, Jiangling Zhu, Zhiyao Tang, Chengyang Zheng, Richard A. Birdsey, Yude Pan, and Jingyun Fang
Biogeosciences, 17, 715–726, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-715-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-715-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Soil is the largest carbon pool in forests. Whether forest soils function as a sink or source of atmospheric carbon remains controversial. Here, we investigated the 20-year changes in the soil organic carbon pool at eight permanent forest plots in China. Our results revealed that the soils sequestered 3.6–16.3 % of the annual net primary production across the investigated sites, demonstrating that these forest soils have functioned as an important C sink during the past 2 decades.
Julian Helfenstein, Chiara Pistocchi, Astrid Oberson, Federica Tamburini, Daniel S. Goll, and Emmanuel Frossard
Biogeosciences, 17, 441–454, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-441-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-441-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this article we provide estimates of mean residence times of phosphorus in inorganic soil phosphorus pools. These values improve our understanding of the dynamics of phosphorus cycling and can be used to improve global land surface models.
Peter Kuhry, Jiří Bárta, Daan Blok, Bo Elberling, Samuel Faucherre, Gustaf Hugelius, Christian J. Jørgensen, Andreas Richter, Hana Šantrůčková, and Niels Weiss
Biogeosciences, 17, 361–379, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-361-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-361-2020, 2020
Sophie Casetou-Gustafson, Harald Grip, Stephen Hillier, Sune Linder, Bengt A. Olsson, Magnus Simonsson, and Johan Stendahl
Biogeosciences, 17, 281–304, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-281-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-281-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Reliable methods are required for estimating mineral supply rates to forest growth from weathering. We applied the depletion method, the PROFILE model and the base cation budget method to two forest sites in Sweden. The highest weathering rate was obtained from the budget method and the lowest from the depletion method. The high rate by the budget method suggests that there were additional sources for tree uptake not captured by measurements.
Yang Lin, Avner Gross, Christine S. O'Connell, and Whendee L. Silver
Biogeosciences, 17, 89–101, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-89-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-89-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Phosphorus (P) is an important soil nutrient that often limits plant growth and microbial activity in humid tropical forests. These ecosystems receive a large amount of rainfall that helps create frequent anoxic events in soils. Our results show that anoxic conditions reduced the strength of soil minerals to bind P even though a large amount of P was still bound to minerals. Our study suggests that anoxic events might serve as hot moments for plants and microbes to acquire P.
Yakov Kuzyakov and Kazem Zamanian
Biogeosciences, 16, 4783–4803, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4783-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4783-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Agropedogenesis, i.e. soil development under agricultural use, is the anthropogenic modification of soil and environmental factors for optimization of crop production. Maximization of only this function, crop production, leads to declines in all other soil functions and consequently promotes uniformity in soil properties around the globe. Here we developed a new scientific background for the theory of agropedogenesis and the identification of soil degradation stages.
Cecilia Akselsson, Salim Belyazid, Johan Stendahl, Roger Finlay, Bengt A. Olsson, Martin Erlandsson Lampa, Håkan Wallander, Jon Petter Gustafsson, and Kevin Bishop
Biogeosciences, 16, 4429–4450, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4429-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4429-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The release of elements from soil through weathering is an important process, controlling nutrient availability for plants and recovery from acidification. However, direct measurements cannot be done, and present estimates are burdened with high uncertainties. In this paper we use different approaches to quantify weathering rates in different scales in Sweden and discuss the pros and cons. The study contributes to more robust assessments of sustainable harvesting of forest biomass.
Heyong Liu, Ruzhen Wang, Hongyi Wang, Yanzhuo Cao, Feike A. Dijkstra, Zhan Shi, Jiangping Cai, Zhengwen Wang, Hongtao Zou, and Yong Jiang
Biogeosciences, 16, 4293–4306, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4293-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4293-2019, 2019
Yanxia Nie, Xiaoge Han, Jie Chen, Mengcen Wang, and Weijun Shen
Biogeosciences, 16, 4277–4291, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4277-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4277-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The N–transformation rates and N–related functional gene abundance were surveyed in a tropical forest soil with experimental N additions. The C : N ratio was the determinant factor for N transformations in the dry season while the microbial biomass was the one in the wet season. This study also found that high N addition imposed significant positive effects on the functional gene abundance of AOA amoA and nirK but negative effects on that of AOB amoA and nosZ.
Axel Don, Christina Hagen, Erik Grüneberg, and Cora Vos
Biogeosciences, 16, 4145–4155, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4145-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4145-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Forest soils have a steep carbon gradient from the forest floor to the mineral soil, indicating that carbon is prevented from entry into the soil. Wild boar are effective in mixing the soil when searching for food. In a 6–year field study, we found no significant changes in soil organic carbon stocks in the wild boar treatment plots. However, around 50 % of forest floor carbon was transferred with mixing into mineral soil carbon and increased the stabilised fraction of soil organic carbon.
Sarah W. Keenan, Sean M. Schaeffer, and Jennifer M. DeBruyn
Biogeosciences, 16, 3929–3939, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3929-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3929-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Decaying animals perturb soil biogeochemical cycles. Stable δ15N composition, which reflects the sum of all biogeochemical processes, increases during decay and persists for years. Enrichment following beaver decay persisted after at least 1 year, and was evident up to 10 cm depth and 60 cm from the decaying animals, beyond where soils were visibly impacted by decomposition. Nutrients sourced from decaying animals represent an integral and long–lived component of nitrogen cycling in soils.
Aditi Sengupta, Julia Indivero, Cailene Gunn, Malak M. Tfaily, Rosalie K. Chu, Jason Toyoda, Vanessa L. Bailey, Nicholas D. Ward, and James C. Stegen
Biogeosciences, 16, 3911–3928, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3911-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3911-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Coastal terrestrial–aquatic interfaces represent dynamic yet poorly understood zones of biogeochemical cycles. We evaluated associations between the soil salinity gradient, molecular-level soil-C chemistry, and microbial community assembly processes in a coastal watershed on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington, USA. Results revealed salinity-driven gradients in molecular-level C chemistry, with little evidence of an association between C chemistry and microbial community assembly processes.
Steffen Schlüter, Jan Zawallich, Hans-Jörg Vogel, and Peter Dörsch
Biogeosciences, 16, 3665–3678, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3665-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3665-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A combination of gas chromatography and X-ray CT reveals the microscale processes that govern soil respiration. Aerobic and anaerobic respiration in microbial hotspots depends not only on the quality and quantity of soil organic matter, but also on the spatial distribution of hotspots. Denitrification kinetics are mainly governed by hotspot architecture due to local competition for oxygen during growth. Cumulative behavior is mainly governed by water saturation due to the overall supply with O2.
Nicholas P. Rosenstock, Patrick A. W. van Hees, Petra M. A. Fransson, Roger D. Finlay, and Anna Rosling
Biogeosciences, 16, 3637–3649, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3637-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3637-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We examined the effects of elevated CO2, pine seedlings, and ectomycorrhizal fungi on mineral weathering. Seedlings significantly increased mineral weathering, while elevated CO2 increased plant growth and organic acid concentrations but had no effect on weathering. Ectomycorrhial fungi showed some tendency to increase weathering. We conclude that nutrient uptake, which reduces transport limitation to weathering, is the primary mechanism by which plants enhanced weathering in this system.
Zhenjiao Cao, Yufu Jia, Yue Cai, Xin Wang, Huifeng Hu, Jinbo Zhang, Juan Jia, and Xiaojuan Feng
Biogeosciences, 16, 3605–3619, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3605-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3605-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Using pathway analysis, we demonstrate that past aridity's effect is mediated by differential mechanisms for substrates of varied complexity. While microbial biomass plays a more important role in the decomposition of fresh litter, enzyme-catalyzed extracellular reactions predominantly govern the mineralization of SOC. Our findings have significant implications for assessing and modeling decomposition in different aridity regimes.
Zhiwei Xu, Guirui Yu, Qiufeng Wang, Xinyu Zhang, Ruili Wang, Ning Zhao, Nianpeng He, and Ziping Liu
Biogeosciences, 16, 3333–3349, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3333-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3333-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Plant functional traits have increasingly been studied as determinants of ecosystem properties. While the relationships between biological community structures and ecological functions remain poorly understood at the large scale, we found that there was considerable variation in the profiles of different substrate uses along the NSTEC. The soil silt content and plant functional traits together shaped the biogeographical pattern of the soil microbial substrate use.
Tessa Sophia van der Voort, Utsav Mannu, Frank Hagedorn, Cameron McIntyre, Lorenz Walthert, Patrick Schleppi, Negar Haghipour, and Timothy Ian Eglinton
Biogeosciences, 16, 3233–3246, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3233-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3233-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The carbon stored in soils is the largest reservoir of organic carbon on land. In the context of greenhouse gas emissions and a changing climate, it is very important to understand how stable the carbon in the soil is and why. The deeper parts of the soil have often been overlooked even though they store a lot of carbon. In this paper, we discovered that although deep soil carbon is expected to be old and stable, there can be a significant young component that cycles much faster.
Wolfgang Wanek, David Zezula, Daniel Wasner, Maria Mooshammer, and Judith Prommer
Biogeosciences, 16, 3047–3068, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3047-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3047-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Efforts to understand the global phosphorus (P) cycle are limited by the scarcity of global data on rates of soil P processes, as well as on its environmental controls. Here, we present a novel approach using radiophosphorus labeling of soils, which allows for the measurement of fluxes of abiotic and biotic soil P processes. This approach is also suitable for strongly weathered and P-depleted soils. Biotic processes are corrected for abiotic processes by comparing live and sterile soils.
Tianpeng Li, Heyong Liu, Ruzhen Wang, Xiao-Tao Lü, Junjie Yang, Yunhai Zhang, Peng He, Zhirui Wang, Xingguo Han, and Yong Jiang
Biogeosciences, 16, 2891–2904, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2891-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2891-2019, 2019
Xia Zhao, Yuanhe Yang, Haihua Shen, Xiaoqing Geng, and Jingyun Fang
Biogeosciences, 16, 2857–2871, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2857-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2857-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Surface soils interact strongly with both climate and biota and provide fundamental ecosystem services. However, the quantitative linkages between soil, climate, and biota remain unclear at a global scale. By compiling a large global soil database, we mapped eight major soil properties based on machine learning algorithms and developed a global soil–climate–biome diagram. Our results suggest shifts in soil properties under global climate and land cover change.
Rachelle E. LaCroix, Malak M. Tfaily, Menli McCreight, Morris E. Jones, Lesley Spokas, and Marco Keiluweit
Biogeosciences, 16, 2573–2589, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2573-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2573-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Organic carbon (C) stocks within seasonal wetlands are vulnerable to increased severity and duration of droughts in response to climate change. Here we examined the mechanistic controls on C cycling in seasonally flooded mineral wetland soils. We found that different mechanisms preserve C in surface layers (oxygen limitations) compared to subsurface layers (mineral protection and lack of root C inputs).
Lars A. Meier, Patryk Krauze, Isabel Prater, Fabian Horn, Carlos E. G. R. Schaefer, Thomas Scholten, Dirk Wagner, Carsten W. Mueller, and Peter Kühn
Biogeosciences, 16, 2481–2499, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2481-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2481-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
James Ross Island offers the opportunity to study the undisturbed interplay of microbial activity and pedogenesis. Soils from two sites representing coastal and inland conditions were chosen and analyzed with a wide range of techniques to describe soil properties. We are able to show that coastal conditions go along with more intense weathering and therefore favor soil formation and that microbial communities are initially more affected by weathering and structure than by chemical parameters.
Alexandra G. Konings, A. Anthony Bloom, Junjie Liu, Nicholas C. Parazoo, David S. Schimel, and Kevin W. Bowman
Biogeosciences, 16, 2269–2284, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2269-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2269-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We estimate heterotrophic respiration (Rh) – the respiration from microbes in the soil – using satellite estimates of the net carbon flux and other quantities. Rh is an important carbon flux but is rarely studied by itself. Our method is the first to estimate how Rh varies in both space and time. The resulting new estimate of Rh is compared to the best currently available alternative, which is based on interpolating field measurements globally. The two estimates disagree and are both uncertain.
Reinhard Well, Martin Maier, Dominika Lewicka-Szczebak, Jan-Reent Köster, and Nicolas Ruoss
Biogeosciences, 16, 2233–2246, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2233-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2233-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Denitrification is a key process in the soil nitrogen cycle but poorly investigated due to methodical limitations. The 15N gas flux method is currently the only approach allowing field measurement of denitrification but was subject to bias due to unaccounted fluxes of 15N-labelled gaseous denitrification products to the subsoil. We used field flux experiments and diffusion–reaction modelling to estimate this source of error and developed an approach to correct denitrification rates.
Cited articles
Ågren, G. I., Bosatta, E., and Balesdent, J.: Isotope discrimination during
decomposition of organic matter – a theoretical analysis, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 60, 1121–1126, 1996.
Altshuler, I., Ronholm, J., Layton, A., Onstott, T. C., Greer, C. W., and
Whyte, L. G.: Denitrifiers, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and N2O soil gas flux
in high Arctic ice-wedge polygon cryosols, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 95,
1–12, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz049, 2019.
Baldock, J. A., Oades, J. M., Nelson, P. N., Skene, T. M., Golchin, A., and
Clarke, P.: Assessing the extent of decomposition of natural organic
materials using solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy, Aust. J. Soil Res., 35,
1061–83, https://doi.org/10.1071/S97004, 1997.
Baldock, J. A., Masiello, C. A., Gélinas, Y., and Hedges, J. I.: Cycling
and composition of organic matter in terrestrial and marine ecosystems, Mar.
Chem., 92, 39–64, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2004.06.016, 2004.
Bedard-Haughn, A., Van Groenigen, J. W., and Van Kessel, C.: Tracing 15N
through landscapes: Potential uses and precautions, J. Hydrol., 272,
175–190, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00263-9, 2003.
Benner, R., Fogel, M. L., Sprague, E. K., and Hodson, R. E.: Depletion of C
in lignin and its implications for stable carbon isotope studies, Nature,
329, 708–710, https://doi.org/10.1038/329708a0, 1987.
Beudert, G., Kögel-Knabner, I., and Zech, W.: Micromorphological,
wet-chemical and 13C NMR spectroscopic characterization of density
fractionated forest soils, Sci. Total Environ., 81/82, 401–408, 1989.
Boike, J., Kattenstroth, B., Abramova, K., Bornemann, N., Chetverova, A., Fedorova, I., Fröb, K., Grigoriev, M., Grüber, M., Kutzbach, L., Langer, M., Minke, M., Muster, S., Piel, K., Pfeiffer, E.-M., Stoof, G., Westermann, S., Wischnewski, K., Wille, C., and Hubberten, H.-W.: Baseline characteristics of climate, permafrost and land cover from a new permafrost observatory in the Lena River Delta, Siberia (1998–2011), Biogeosciences, 10, 2105–2128, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2105-2013, 2013.
Bonanomi, G., Incerti, G., Giannino, F., Mingo, A., Lanzotti, V., and
Mazzoleni, S.: Litter quality assessed by solid state 13C NMR spectroscopy
predicts decay rate better than C∕N and lignin ∕ N ratios, Soil Biol.
Biochem., 56, 40–48, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.03.003, 2013.
Casciotti, K. L.: Inverse kinetic isotope fractionation during bacterial
nitrite oxidation, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 73, 2061–2076,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.12.022, 2009.
Chang, R., Wang, G., Yang, Y., and Chen, X.: Experimental warming increased
soil nitrogen sink in the Tibetan permafrost, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 122, 1870–1879, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG003827, 2017.
Connin, S. L., Feng, X., and Virginia, R. A.: Isotopic discrimination during
long-term decomposition in an arid land ecosystem, Soil Biol. Biochem., 33,
41–51, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(00)00113-9, 2001.
Costa, O. Y. A., Raaijmakers, J. M., and Kuramae, E. E.: Microbial
extracellular polymeric substances: Ecological function and impact on soil
aggregation, Front. Microbiol., 9, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01636,
2018.
Dao, T. T., Gentsch, N., Mikutta, R., Sauheitl, L., Shibistova, O., Wild, B., Schnecker, J., Bárta, J., Čapek, P., Gittel, A., Lashchinskiy, N., Urich, T., Šantrůčková, H., Richter, A., and
Guggenberger, G.: Fate of carbohydrates and lignin in north-east Siberian
permafrost soils, Soil Biol. Biochem., 116, 311–322,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.10.032, 2018.
Davidson, E. A. and Janssens, I. A.: Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon
decomposition and feedbacks to climate change, Nature, 440, 165–173,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04514, 2006.
Diochon, A., Gregorich, E. G., and Tarnocai, C.: Evaluating the quantity and
biodegradability of soil organic matter in some Canadian Turbic Cryosols,
Geoderma, 202–203, 82–87, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.03.013, 2013.
Dutta, K., Schuur, E. A. G., Neff, J. C., and Zimov, S. A.: Potential carbon
release from permafrost soils of Northeastern Siberia, Glob. Chang. Biol.,
12, 2336–2351, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01259.x, 2006.
Elberling, B., Christiansen, H. H., and Hansen, B. U.: High nitrous oxide
production from thawing permafrost, Nat. Geosci., 3, 332–335,
https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo803, 2010.
Frank, D. A., Pontes, A. W., and McFarlane, K. J.: Controls on soil organic
carbon stocks and turnover among North American ecosystems, Ecosystems, 15,
604–615, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-012-9534-2, 2012.
Fuchs, M., Grosse, G., Strauss, J., Günther, F., Grigoriev, M., Maximov, G. M., and Hugelius, G.: Carbon and nitrogen pools in thermokarst-affected permafrost landscapes in Arctic Siberia, Biogeosciences, 15, 953–971, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-953-2018, 2018.
Gentsch, N., Mikutta, R., Shibistova, O., Wild, B., Schnecker, J., Richter, A., Urich, T., Gittel, A., Šantrůčková, H., Bárta, J.,
Lashchinskiy, N., Mueller, C. W., Fuß, R., and Guggenberger, G.:
Properties and bioavailability of particulate and mineral-associated organic
matter in Arctic permafrost soils, Lower Kolyma Region, Russia, Eur. J. Soil
Sci., 66, 722–734, https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12269, 2015.
Golchin, A., Oades, J. M., Skjemstad, J. O., and Clarke, P.: Study of free
and occluded particulate organic matter in soils by solid state 13C CP/MAS
NMR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, Aust. J. Soil Res., 32,
285–309, 1994.
Graf-Rosenfellner, M., Kayser, G., Guggenberger, G., Kaiser, K., Büks, F., Kaiser, M., Mueller, C. W., Schrumpf, M., Rennert, T., Welp, G., and
Lang, F.: Replicability of aggregate disruption by sonication – an
inter-laboratory test using three different soils from Germany, J. Plant
Nutr. Soil Sc., 181, 894–904, https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201800152, 2018.
Granhall, U. and Selander, H.: Nitrogen fixation in a Subarctic mire, Oikos,
24, 8–15, 1973.
Harden, J. W., Koven, C. D., Ping, C. L., Hugelius, G., David McGuire, A.,
Camill, P., Jorgenson, T., Kuhry, P., Michaelson, G. J., O'Donnell, J. A.,
Schuur, E. A. G., Tarnocai, C., Johnson, K., and Grosse, G.: Field
information links permafrost carbon to physical vulnerabilities of thawing,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L15704, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL051958, 2012.
Herndon, E. M., Yang, Z., Bargar, J., Janot, N., Regier, T. Z., Graham, D. E., Wullschleger, S. D., Gu, B., and Liang, L.: Geochemical drivers of
organic matter decomposition in Arctic tundra soils, Biogeochemistry, 126,
397–414, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0165-5, 2015.
Hobbie, E. A. and Hobbie, J. E.: Natural abundance of 15N in
nitrogen-limited forests and tundra can estimate nitrogen cycling through
mycorrhizal fungi: A review, Ecosystems, 11, 815–830,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-008-9159-7, 2008.
Hoefs, J.: Stable isotope geochemistry, 7th Edn., Springer International
Publishing, Cham, Heidelberg, New York, Dordrecht, London, 2015.
Höfle, S., Rethemeyer, J., Mueller, C. W., and John, S.: Organic matter composition and stabilization in a polygonal tundra soil of the Lena Delta, Biogeosciences, 10, 3145–3158, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3145-2013, 2013.
Hole, L. R., Christensen, J. H., Ruoho-Airola, T., Tørseth, K., Ginzburg, V., and Glowacki, P.: Past and future trends in concentrations of sulphur and
nitrogen compounds in the Arctic, Atmos. Environ., 43, 928–939,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.10.043, 2009.
Hugelius, G., Strauss, J., Zubrzycki, S., Harden, J. W., Schuur, E. A. G., Ping, C.-L., Schirrmeister, L., Grosse, G., Michaelson, G. J., Koven, C. D., O'Donnell, J. A., Elberling, B., Mishra, U., Camill, P., Yu, Z., Palmtag, J., and Kuhry, P.: Estimated stocks of circumpolar permafrost carbon with quantified uncertainty ranges and identified data gaps, Biogeosciences, 11, 6573–6593, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6573-2014, 2014.
Hultman, J., Waldrop, M. P., Mackelprang, R., David, M. M., McFarland, J.,
Blazewicz, S. J., Harden, J., Turetsky, M. R., McGuire, A. D., Shah, M. B.,
VerBerkmoes, N. C., Lee, L. H., Mavrommatis, K., and Jansson, J. K.:
Multi-omics of permafrost, active layer and thermokarst bog soil
microbiomes, Nature, 521, 208–212, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14238, 2015.
IUSS Working Group WRB: World reference base for soil resources 2014.
International soil classification system for naming soils and creating
legends for soil maps, FAO, Rome, 2014.
Jilling, A., Keiluweit, M., Contosta, A. R., Frey, S., Schimel, J.,
Schnecker, J., Smith, R. G., Tiemann, L., and Grandy, A. S.: Minerals in the
rhizosphere: Overlooked mediators of soil nitrogen availability to plants
and microbes, Biogeochemistry, 139, 103–122, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0459-5,
2018.
Jongejans, L. L., Strauss, J., Lenz, J., Peterse, F., Mangelsdorf, K., Fuchs, M., and Grosse, G.: Organic matter characteristics in yedoma and thermokarst deposits on Baldwin Peninsula, west Alaska, Biogeosciences, 15, 6033–6048, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6033-2018, 2018.
Kaiser, C., Meyer, H., Biasi, C., Rusalimova, O., Barsukov, P., and Richter, A.: Conservation of soil organic matter through cryoturbation in Arctic
soils in Siberia, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 112, G02017,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JG000258, 2007.
Kartoziia, A.: Assessment of the ice wedge polygon current state by means of
UAV imagery analysis (Samoylov Island, the Lena Delta), Remote Sens.,
11, 1627, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11131627, 2019.
Keiluweit, M., Wanzek, T., Kleber, M., Nico, P., and Fendorf, S.: Anaerobic
microsites have an unaccounted role in soil carbon stabilization, Nat.
Commun., 8, 1771, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01406-6, 2017.
Keuper, F., Dorrepaal, E., van Bodegom, P. M., van Logtestijn, R.,
Venhuizen, G., van Hal, J., and Aerts, R.: Experimentally increased nutrient
availability at the permafrost thaw front selectively enhances biomass
production of deep-rooting subarctic peatland species, Glob. Change Biol.,
23, 4257–4266, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13804, 2017.
Kleber, M., Sollins, P., and Sutton, R.: A conceptual model of organo-mineral
interactions in soils: Self-assembly of organic molecular fragments into
zonal structures on mineral surfaces, Biogeochemistry, 85, 9–24,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-007-9103-5, 2007.
Koegel-Knabner, I.: The macromolecular organic composition of plant and
microbial residues as inputs to soil organic matter, Soil Biol. Biochem.,
34, 139–162, 2002.
Koelbl, A. and Koegel-Knabner, I.: Content and composition of free and
occluded particulate organic matter in a differently textured arable
Cambisol as revealed by solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy, J. Plant Nutr.
Soil Sc., 167, 45–53, https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200321185, 2004.
Kopittke, P. M., Hernandez-Soriano, M. C., Dalal, R. C., Finn, D., Menzies, N. W., Hoeschen, C., and Mueller, C. W.: Nitrogen-rich microbial products
provide new organo-mineral associations for the stabilization of soil
organic matter, Glob. Change Biol., 24, 1762–1770, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14009,
2018.
Kopittke, P. M., Dalal, R. C., Hoeschen, C., Li, C., Menzies, N. W., and
Mueller, C. W.: Soil organic matter is stabilized by organo-mineral
associations through two key processes: The role of the carbon to nitrogen
ratio, Geoderma, 357, 113974, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.113974, 2020.
Kramer, M. G., Sollins, P., Sletten, R. S., and Swart, P. K.: N isotope
fractionation and measures of organic matter alternation during
decomposition, Ecology, 84, 2021–2025, 2003.
Krüger, J. P., Leifeld, J., and Alewell, C.: Degradation changes stable carbon isotope depth profiles in palsa peatlands, Biogeosciences, 11, 3369–3380, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3369-2014, 2014.
Kuhry, P., Bárta, J., Blok, D., Elberling, B., Faucherre, S., Hugelius, G., Jørgensen, C. J., Richter, A., Šantrůčková, H., and Weiss, N.: Lability classification of soil organic matter in the northern permafrost region, Biogeosciences, 17, 361–379, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-361-2020, 2020.
Kuzyakov, Y. and Blagodatskaya, E.: Microbial hotspots and hot moments in
soil: Concept and review, Soil Biol. Biochem., 83, 184–199,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.025, 2015.
Lê, S., Josse, J., and Husson, F.: FactoMineR: An R package for
multivariate analysis, available at:
http://factominer.free.fr/index.html (last access: 23 January 2020), 2008.
Lehmann, J. and Kleber, M.: The contentious nature of soil organic matter,
Nature, 528, 60–68, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature16069, 2015.
Mackelprang, R., Waldrop, M. P., Deangelis, K. M., David, M. M., Chavarria, K. L., Blazewicz, S. J., Rubin, E. M., and Jansson, J. K.: Metagenomic
analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to
thaw, Nature, 480, 368–371, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10576, 2011.
Marushchak, M. E., Pitkämäki, A., Koponen, H., Biasi, C.,
Seppälä, M., and Martikainen, P. J.: Hot spots for nitrous oxide
emissions found in different types of permafrost peatlands, Glob. Change
Biol., 17, 2601–2614, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02442.x, 2011.
Meredith, M., Sommerkorn, M., Cassotta, S., Derksen, C., Ekaykin, A.,
Hollowed, A., Kofinas, G., Mackintosh, A., Melbourne-Thomas, J., Muelbert, M. M. C., Ottersen, G., Pritchard, H., and Schuur, E. A. G.: Polar regions,
in: IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate,
edited by: Pörtner, H.-O., Roberts, D. C., Masson-Delmotte, V., Zhai, P.,
Tignor, M., Poloczanska, E., Mintenbeck, K., Alegria, A., Nicolai, M., Okem, A.,
Petzold, J., Rama, B., and Weyer, N. M., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2019.
Miltner, A., Bombach, P., Schmidt-Brücken, B., and Kästner, M.: SOM
genesis: Microbial biomass as a significant source, Biogeochemistry, 111,
41–55, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-011-9658-z, 2012.
Mueller, C. W. and Koegel-Knabner, I.: Soil organic carbon stocks,
distribution, and composition affected by historic land use changes on
adjacent sites, Biol. Fert. Soils, 45, 347–359,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-008-0336-9, 2009.
Mueller, C. W., Rethemeyer, J., Kao-Kniffin, J., Löppmann, S., Hinkel, K. M., and Bockheim, J. G.: Large amounts of labile organic carbon in
permafrost soils of northern Alaska, Glob. Change Biol., 21, 2804–2817,
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12876, 2015.
Mueller, C. W., Hoeschen, C., Steffens, M., Buddenbaum, H., Hinkel, K.,
Bockheim, J. G., and Kao-Kniffin, J.: Microscale soil structures foster
organic matter stabilization in permafrost soils, Geoderma, 293, 44–53,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.01.028, 2017.
Nel, J. A., Craine, J. M., and Cramer, M. D.: Correspondence between δ13C and
δ15N in soils suggests coordinated fractionation processes for soil C and N,
Plant Soil, 423, 257–271, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3500-x, 2018.
Nelson, P. N. and Baldock, J. A.: Estimating the molecular composition of
a diverse range of natural organic materials from solid-state 13C NMR and
elemental analyses, Biogeochemistry, 72, 1–34,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-0076-3, 2005.
Oades, J. M.: The Retention of organic matter in soils, Biogeochemistry, 5,
35–70, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02180317, 1988.
Oechel, W. C., Hastings, S. J., Vourlitis, G., Jenkins, M., Riechers, G., and
Grulke, N.: Recent change of Arctic tundra ecosystems from a net carbon
dioxide sink to a source, Nature, 361, 520–523,
https://doi.org/10.1038/361520a0, 1993.
Parmentier, F. J. W., Christensen, T. R., Rysgaard, S., Bendtsen, J., Glud, R. N., Else, B., van Huissteden, J., Sachs, T., Vonk, J. E., and Sejr, M. K.:
A synthesis of the Arctic terrestrial and marine carbon cycles under
pressure from a dwindling cryosphere, Ambio, 46, 53–69,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-016-0872-8, 2017.
Ping, C. L., Jastrow, J. D., Jorgenson, M. T., Michaelson, G. J., and Shur, Y. L.: Permafrost soils and carbon cycling, Soil, 1, 147–171,
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-147-2015, 2015.
Plaza, C., Pegoraro, E., Bracho, R., Celis, G., Crummer, K. G., Hutchings, J. A., Hicks Pries, C. E., Mauritz, M., Natali, S. M., Salmon, V. G.,
Schädel, C., Webb, E. E., and Schuur, E. A. G.: Direct observation of
permafrost degradation and rapid soil carbon loss in tundra, Nat. Geosci.,
12, 627–631, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0387-6, 2019.
Post, W. M., Emanuel, W. R., Zinke, P. J., and Stangenberger, A. G.: Soil
carbon pools and world life zones, Nature, 298, 156–159,
https://doi.org/10.1038/298156a0, 1982.
R Development Core Team: R, available at:
http://www.r-project.org (last access: 23 January 2020), 2017.
Roshydromet: World Weather Information Service, available at:
http://www.worldweather.org/en/city.html?cityId=1040 (last access: 21 January 2020), 2019.
Rousk, K., Sorensen, P. L., and Michelsen, A.: Nitrogen fixation in the High
Arctic: A source of “new” nitrogen?, Biogeochemistry, 136, 213–222,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-017-0393-y, 2017.
Rousk, K., Sorensen, P. L., and Michelsen, A.: What drives biological
nitrogen fixation in High Arctic tundra: Moisture or temperature?,
Ecosphere, 9, e02117, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2117, 2018.
RStudio Team: RStudio: Integrated Development Environment for R, available at:
http://www.rstudio.com (last access: 18 November 2019), 2016.
Salmon, V. G., Soucy, P., Mauritz, M., Celis, G., Natali, S. M., Mack, M. C.
and Schuur, E. A. G.: Nitrogen availability increases in a tundra ecosystem
during five years of experimental permafrost thaw, Glob. Change Biol., 22,
1927–1941, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13204, 2016.
Schimel, J. P. and Bennett, J.: Nitrogen mineralization: Challenges of
a changing paradigm, Ecology, 85, 591–602,
https://doi.org/10.1890/03-8002, 2004.
Schimel, J. P. and Schaeffer, S. M.: Microbial control over carbon cycling
in soil, Front. Microbiol., 3, 348, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2012.00348, 2012.
Schmidt, H.-L. and Gleixner, G.: Carbon isotope effects on key reactions in
plant metabolism and 13C-patterns in natural compounds, in: Stable
Isotopes–The Integration of Biological, Ecological and Geochemical
Processes, edited by: Griffiths, H., CRC Press, Oxford, 1997.
Schmidt, M. W. I., Torn, M. S., Abiven, S., Dittmar, T., Guggenberger, G.,
Janssens, I. A., Kleber, M., Kögel-Knabner, I., Lehmann, J., Manning, D. A. C., Nannipieri, P., Rasse, D. P., Weiner, S., and Trumbore, S. E.:
Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property, Nature, 478,
49–56, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10386, 2011.
Schuur, E. A. G., McGuire, A. D., Schädel, C., Grosse, G., Harden, J. W., Hayes, D. J., Hugelius, G., Koven, C. D., Kuhry, P., Lawrence, D. M.,
Natali, S. M., Olefeldt, D., Romanovsky, V. E., Schaefer, K., Turetsky, M. R., Treat, C. C., and Vonk, J. E.: Climate change and the permafrost carbon
feedback, Nature, 520, 171–179, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14338, 2015.
Sharp, Z.: Principles of stable isotope geochemistry, Pearson Education, Albuquerque, New Mexico,
2007.
Sistla, S. A., Moore, J. C., Simpson, R. T., Gough, L., Shaver, G. R., and
Schimel, J. P.: Long-term warming restructures Arctic tundra without
changing net soil carbon storage, Nature, 497, 615–617,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12129, 2013.
Six, J., Conant, R. T., Paul, E. A., and Paustian, K.: Stabilization
mechanisms of protected versus unprotected soil organic matter: Implications
for C-saturation of soils, Plant Soil, 241, 155–176,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016125726789, 2002.
Soil Survey Staff: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 12th Edn., USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, Washington, DC, 2014.
Strauss, J., Schirrmeister, L., Grosse, G., Fortier, D., Hugelius, G.,
Knoblauch, C., Romanovsky, V., Schädel, C., Schneider von Deimling, T.,
Schuur, E. A. G., Shmelev, D., Ulrich, M., and Veremeeva, A.: Deep Yedoma
permafrost: A synthesis of depositional characteristics and carbon
vulnerability, Earth-Sci. Rev., 172, 75–86,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.07.007, 2017.
Tarnocai, C., Canadell, J. G., Schuur, E. A. G., Kuhry, P., Mazhitova, G.
and Zimov, S.: Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar
permafrost region, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 23, GB2023, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GB003327,
2009.
Tesi, T., Muschitiello, F., Smittenberg, R. H., Jakobsson, M., Vonk, J. E.,
Hill, P., Andersson, A., Kirchner, N., Noormets, R., Dudarev, O., Semiletov, I., and Gustafsson, Ö.: Massive remobilization of permafrost carbon
during post-glacial warming, Nat. Commun., 7, 13653, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13653, 2016.
Tisdall, J. M. and Oades, J. M.: Organic matter and water-stable aggregates
in soils, J. Soil Sci., 33, 141–163,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1982.tb01755.x, 1982.
Torn, M. S., Kleber, M., Zavaleta, E. S., Zhu, B., Field, C. B., and Trumbore, S. E.: A dual isotope approach to isolate soil carbon pools of different turnover times, Biogeosciences, 10, 8067–8081, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8067-2013, 2013.
Turetsky, M. R.: Decomposition and organic matter quality in continental
peatlands: The ghost of permafrost past, Ecosystems, 7, 740–750,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-004-0247-z, 2004.
Voigt, C., Marushchak, M. E., Lamprecht, R. E., Jackowicz-Korczyński, M., Lindgren, A., Mastepanov, M., Granlund, L., Christensen, T. R.,
Tahvanainen, T., Martikainen, P. J., and Biasi, C.: Increased nitrous oxide
emissions from Arctic peatlands after permafrost thaw, P. Natl. Acad.
Sci. USA, 114, 6238–6243, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1702902114, 2017.
von Lützow, M., Kögel-Knabner, I., Ekschmitt, K., Matzner, E.,
Guggenberger, G., Marschner, B., and Flessa, H.: Stabilization of organic
matter in temperate soils: Mechanisms and their relevance under different
soil conditions – a review, Eur. J. Soil Sci., 57, 426–445,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2006.00809.x, 2006.
Wagai, R., Mayer, L. M., and Kitayama, K.: Nature of the “occluded”
low-density fraction in soil organic matter studies: A critical review, Soil
Sci. Plant Nut., 55, 13–25, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0765.2008.00356.x, 2009.
Weintraub, M. N. and Schimel, J. P.: Nitrogen cycling and the spread of
shrubs control changes in the carbon balance of Arctic tundra ecosystems,
Bioscience, 55, 408–415,
https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0408:NCATSO]2.0.CO;2, 2005.
Weiss, N. and Kaal, J.: Characterization of labile organic matter in
Pleistocene permafrost (NE Siberia), using thermally assisted hydrolysis and
methylation (THM-GC-MS), Soil Biol. Biochem., 117, 203–213,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.10.001, 2018.
Werner, R. A. and Brand, W. A.: Referencing strategies and techniques in
stable isotope ratio analysis, Rapid Commun. Mass Sp., 15, 501–519,
https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.258, 2001.
Wild, B., Gentsch, N., Capek, P., Diáková, K. K., Alves, R. J. E. E., Bárta, J. J. J., Gittel, A., Hugelius, G., Knoltsch, A., Kuhry, P.,
Lashchinskiy, N., Mikutta, R., Palmtag, J., Schleper, C., Schnecker, J.,
Shibistova, O., Takriti, M., Torsvik, V. L., Urich, T., Watzka, M.,
Šantrūcková, H., Guggenberger, G., Richter, A., Čapek, P.,
Diáková, K. K., Alves, R. J. E. E., Bárta, J. J. J., Gittel, A.,
Hugelius, G., Knoltsch, A., Kuhry, P., Lashchinskiy, N., Mikutta, R.,
Palmtag, J., Schleper, C., Schnecker, J., Shibistova, O., Takriti, M.,
Torsvik, V. L., Urich, T., Watzka, M., Šantrůčková, H.,
Guggenberger, G., and Richter, A.: Plant-derived compounds stimulate the
decomposition of organic matter in Arctic permafrost soils, Sci. Rep., 6, 25607,
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25607, 2016.
Wilkerson, J., Dobosy, R., Sayres, D. S., Healy, C., Dumas, E., Baker, B., and Anderson, J. G.: Permafrost nitrous oxide emissions observed on a landscape scale using the airborne eddy-covariance method, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 4257–4268, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4257-2019, 2019.
Xu, C., Guo, L., Dou, F., and Ping, C. L.: Potential DOC production from
size-fractionated Arctic tundra soils, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 55,
141–150, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2008.08.001, 2009.
Xue, K., Yuan, M. M., Shi, Z. J., Qin, Y., Deng, Y., Cheng, L., Wu, L., He, Z., Van Nostrand, J. D., Bracho, R., Natali, S., Schuur, E. A. G., Luo, C.,
Konstantinidis, K. T., Wang, Q., Cole, J. R., Tiedje, J. M., Luo, Y., and
Zhou, J.: Tundra soil carbon is vulnerable to rapid microbial decomposition
under climate warming, Nat. Clim. Change, 6, 595–600,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2940, 2016.
Zimov, S. A., Davydov, S. P., Zimova, G. M., Davydova, A. I., Schuur, E. A. G., Dutta, K., and Chapin, I. S.: Permafrost carbon: Stock and
decomposability of a globally significant carbon pool, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
33, L20502, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL027484, 2006.
Zubrzycki, S.: Organic Carbon Pools in Permafrost-Affected Soils of Siberian
Arctic Regions, Universität Hamburg, 2013.
Zubrzycki, S., Kutzbach, L., Grosse, G., Desyatkin, A., and Pfeiffer, E.-M.: Organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks in soils of the Lena River Delta, Biogeosciences, 10, 3507–3524, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3507-2013, 2013.
Zubrzycki, S., Kutzbach, L., and Pfeiffer, E.-M.: Permafrost-affected soils and their carbon pools with a focus on the Russian Arctic, Solid Earth, 5, 595–609, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-595-2014, 2014.
Search articles
Short summary
Large amounts of soil organic matter stored in permafrost-affected soils from Arctic Russia are present as undecomposed plant residues. This large fibrous organic matter might be highly vulnerable to microbial decay, while small mineral-associated organic matter can most probably attenuate carbon mineralization in a warmer future. Labile soil fractions also store large amounts of nitrogen, which might be lost during permafrost collapse while fostering the decomposition of soil organic matter.
Large amounts of soil organic matter stored in permafrost-affected soils from Arctic Russia are...
Biogeosciences
An interactive open-access journal of the European Geosciences Union
All site content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.