Articles | Volume 17, issue 19
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4797-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4797-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
05 Oct 2020
Research article |
| 05 Oct 2020
| 05 Oct 2020
Vascular plants affect properties and decomposition of moss-dominated peat, particularly at elevated temperatures
Soil Resources and Land Use, Institute of Soil Science and Site
Ecology, Technische Universität Dresden, Pienner Str. 19, 01737
Tharandt, Germany
Marie Theresa Igel
Soil Resources and Land Use, Institute of Soil Science and Site
Ecology, Technische Universität Dresden, Pienner Str. 19, 01737
Tharandt, Germany
Judith Schellekens
Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Escola Superior de Agricultura
“Luiz de Queiroz” – ESALQ/USP, Av. Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, São
Paulo, Brazil
Juul Limpens
Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University,
Droevendaalse steeg 3a, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
Luca Bragazza
Agroscope, Plant Production Systems, Route de Duillier 50, P.O. Box
1012, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland
Karsten Kalbitz
Soil Resources and Land Use, Institute of Soil Science and Site
Ecology, Technische Universität Dresden, Pienner Str. 19, 01737
Tharandt, Germany
Related authors
No articles found.
Jan-Markus Homberger, Sasja van Rosmalen, Michel Riksen, and Juul Limpens
Biogeosciences, 22, 1301–1320, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1301-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1301-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding what determines the establishment of dune-building vegetation could help to better predict coastal dune initiation and development. We monitored the establishment of dune-building grasses and dune initiation in a large field experiment. Our results show that dune initiation takes place during peaks in dune-building grass establishment, which depend on favorable environmental conditions. Our findings can potentially be integrated into beach restoration and management strategies.
Sebastian Doetterl, Rodrigue K. Asifiwe, Geert Baert, Fernando Bamba, Marijn Bauters, Pascal Boeckx, Benjamin Bukombe, Georg Cadisch, Matthew Cooper, Landry N. Cizungu, Alison Hoyt, Clovis Kabaseke, Karsten Kalbitz, Laurent Kidinda, Annina Maier, Moritz Mainka, Julia Mayrock, Daniel Muhindo, Basile B. Mujinya, Serge M. Mukotanyi, Leon Nabahungu, Mario Reichenbach, Boris Rewald, Johan Six, Anna Stegmann, Laura Summerauer, Robin Unseld, Bernard Vanlauwe, Kristof Van Oost, Kris Verheyen, Cordula Vogel, Florian Wilken, and Peter Fiener
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 4133–4153, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4133-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4133-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The African Tropics are hotspots of modern-day land use change and are of great relevance for the global carbon cycle. Here, we present data collected as part of the DFG-funded project TropSOC along topographic, land use, and geochemical gradients in the eastern Congo Basin and the Albertine Rift. Our database contains spatial and temporal data on soil, vegetation, environmental properties, and land management collected from 136 pristine tropical forest and cropland plots between 2017 and 2020.
Maximilian Kirsten, Robert Mikutta, Didas N. Kimaro, Karl-Heinz Feger, and Karsten Kalbitz
SOIL, 7, 363–375, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-363-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-363-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Mineralogical combinations of aluminous clay and pedogenic Fe oxides revealed significant effects on soil structure and related organic carbon (OC) storage.
The mineralogical combination resulting in the largest aggregate stability does not better preserve OC during conversion of forests into croplands.
Structural changes in the direction of smaller mean weight diameters do not cancel out the stabilizing effect of soil minerals.
Marcus Schiedung, Severin-Luca Bellè, Gabriel Sigmund, Karsten Kalbitz, and Samuel Abiven
Biogeosciences, 17, 6457–6474, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6457-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6457-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The mobility of pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) in soils is largely unknow, while it is a major and persistent component of the soil organic matter. With a soil column experiment, we identified that only a small proportion of PyOM can migrate through the soil, but its export is continuous. Aging and associated oxidation increase its mobility but also its retention in soils. Further, PyOM can alter the vertical mobility of native soil organic carbon during its downward migration.
Laurent K. Kidinda, Folasade K. Olagoke, Cordula Vogel, Karsten Kalbitz, and Sebastian Doetterl
SOIL Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2020-80, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2020-80, 2020
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
In deeply weathered tropical rainforest soils of Africa, we found that patterns of microbial processes differ between soils developed from geochemically contrasting parent materials due to differences in resource availability. Across investigated geochemical regions and soil depths, soil microbes were P-limited rather than N-limited. Topsoil microbes were more C-limited than their subsoil counterparts but inversely P-limited.
Patrick Liebmann, Patrick Wordell-Dietrich, Karsten Kalbitz, Robert Mikutta, Fabian Kalks, Axel Don, Susanne K. Woche, Leena R. Dsilva, and Georg Guggenberger
Biogeosciences, 17, 3099–3113, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3099-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3099-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the contribution of litter-derived carbon (C) in the formation of subsoil organic matter (OM). Soil core sampling, 13C field labeling, density fractionation, and water extractions were used to track its contribution to different functional OM fractions down to the deep subsoil. We show that while migrating down the soil profile, OM undergoes a sequence of repeated sorption, microbial processing, and desorption. However, the contribution of litter-derived C to subsoil OM is small.
Songyu Yang, Boris Jansen, Samira Absalah, Rutger L. van Hall, Karsten Kalbitz, and Erik L. H. Cammeraat
SOIL, 6, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-1-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-1-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Soils store large carbon and are important for global warming. We do not know what factors are important for soil carbon storage in the alpine Andes or how they work. We studied how rainfall affects soil carbon storage related to soil structure. We found soil structure is not important, but soil carbon storage and stability controlled by rainfall is dependent on rocks under the soils. The results indicate that we should pay attention to the rocks when we study soil carbon storage in the Andes.
Jeroen H. T. Zethof, Martin Leue, Cordula Vogel, Shane W. Stoner, and Karsten Kalbitz
SOIL, 5, 383–398, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-383-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-383-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A widely overlooked source of carbon (C) in the soil environment is organic C of geogenic origin, e.g. graphite. Appropriate methods are not available to quantify graphite and to differentiate it from other organic and inorganic C sources in soils. Therefore, we examined Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and the smart combustion method for their ability to identify and quantify graphitic C in soils. The smart combustion method showed the most promising results.
Nicolette Tamara Regina Johanna Maria Jonkman, Esmee Daniëlle Kooijman, Karsten Kalbitz, Nicky Rosa Maria Pouw, and Boris Jansen
SOIL, 5, 303–313, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-303-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-303-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In the urban gardens of Kisumu we interviewed female farmers to determine the sources and scope of their agricultural knowledge. We assessed the impact of the knowledge by comparing the influence of two types of management on soil nutrients. While one type of management was more effective in terms of preserving soil nutrients, the other management type had socioeconomic benefits. Both environmental and socioeconomic effects have to be considered in agricultural training to increase their impact.
Gustaf Granath, Håkan Rydin, Jennifer L. Baltzer, Fia Bengtsson, Nicholas Boncek, Luca Bragazza, Zhao-Jun Bu, Simon J. M. Caporn, Ellen Dorrepaal, Olga Galanina, Mariusz Gałka, Anna Ganeva, David P. Gillikin, Irina Goia, Nadezhda Goncharova, Michal Hájek, Akira Haraguchi, Lorna I. Harris, Elyn Humphreys, Martin Jiroušek, Katarzyna Kajukało, Edgar Karofeld, Natalia G. Koronatova, Natalia P. Kosykh, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Elena Lapshina, Juul Limpens, Maiju Linkosalmi, Jin-Ze Ma, Marguerite Mauritz, Tariq M. Munir, Susan M. Natali, Rayna Natcheva, Maria Noskova, Richard J. Payne, Kyle Pilkington, Sean Robinson, Bjorn J. M. Robroek, Line Rochefort, David Singer, Hans K. Stenøien, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Kai Vellak, Anouk Verheyden, James Michael Waddington, and Steven K. Rice
Biogeosciences, 15, 5189–5202, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5189-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5189-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Peat constitutes a long-term archive for climate reconstruction by using the isotopic composition of carbon and oxygen. We analysed isotopes in two peat moss species across North America and Eurasia. Peat (moss tissue) isotope composition was predicted by soil moisture and isotopic composition of the rainwater but differed between species. Our results suggest that isotope composition can be used on a large scale for climatic reconstructions but that such models should be species-specific.
Marinka E. B. van Puijenbroek, Corjan Nolet, Alma V. de Groot, Juha M. Suomalainen, Michel J. P. M. Riksen, Frank Berendse, and Juul Limpens
Biogeosciences, 14, 5533–5549, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5533-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5533-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding the contribution of the vegetation and dune size to nebkha dune growth could improve model predictions on coastal dune development. We monitored a natural nebkha dune field with a drone with camera. Our results show that dune growth in summer is mainly determined by dune size, whereas in winter dune growth was determined by vegetation. In our study area the growth of exposed dunes was restricted by storm erosion, whereas growth of sheltered dunes was restricted by sand supply.
Thimo Klotzbücher, Karsten Kalbitz, Chiara Cerli, Peter J. Hernes, and Klaus Kaiser
SOIL, 2, 325–335, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-325-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-325-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Uncertainties concerning stabilization of organic compounds in soil limit our basic understanding on soil organic matter (SOM) formation and our ability to model and manage effects of global change on SOM stocks. One controversially debated aspect is the contribution of aromatic litter components, such as lignin and tannins, to stable SOM forms. Here, we summarize and discuss the inconsistencies and propose research options to clear them.
H. Biester, K.-H. Knorr, J. Schellekens, A. Basler, and Y.-M. Hermanns
Biogeosciences, 11, 2691–2707, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2691-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2691-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Wetlands
Reviews and syntheses: Variable inundation across Earth's terrestrial ecosystems
Decomposing the Tea Bag Index and finding slower organic matter loss rates at higher elevations and deeper soil horizons in a minerogenic salt marsh
Assessing root–soil interactions in wetland plants: root exudation and radial oxygen loss
Technical note: Comparison of radiometric techniques for estimating recent organic carbon sequestration rates in inland wetland soils
Simulating soil atmosphere exchanges and CO2 fluxes for a restored peatland
Shoulder season controls on methane emissions from a boreal peatland
Patterns and drivers of organic matter decomposition in peatland open-water pools
Spatial patterns of organic matter content in the surface soil of the salt marshes of the Venice Lagoon (Italy)
Sorption of colored vs. noncolored organic matter by tidal marsh soils
From the Top: Surface-derived Carbon Fuels Greenhouse Gas Production at Depth in a Neotropical Peatland
Peatland evaporation across hemispheres: contrasting controls and sensitivity to climate warming driven by plant functional types
Driving and limiting factors of CH4 and CO2 emissions from coastal brackish-water wetlands in temperate regions
Reviews and syntheses: Greenhouse gas emissions from drained organic forest soils – synthesizing data for site-specific emission factors for boreal and cool temperate regions
Reviews and syntheses: Understanding the impacts of peatland catchment management on dissolved organic matter concentration and treatability
Plant mercury accumulation and litter input to a Northern Sedge-dominated Peatland
Warming accelerates belowground litter turnover in salt marshes – insights from a Tea Bag Index study
Sedimentary blue carbon dynamics based on chronosequential observations in a tropical restored mangrove forest
Duration of extraction determines CO2 and CH4 emissions from an actively extracted peatland in eastern Quebec, Canada
Nutrient release and flux dynamics of CO2, CH4, and N2O in a coastal peatland driven by actively induced rewetting with brackish water from the Baltic Sea
Quantification of blue carbon in salt marshes of the Pacific coast of Canada
Cutting peatland CO2 emissions with water management practices
Tracking vegetation phenology of pristine northern boreal peatlands by combining digital photography with CO2 flux and remote sensing data
Dissolved organic matter concentration and composition discontinuity at the peat–pool interface in a boreal peatland
Effects of brackish water inflow on methane-cycling microbial communities in a freshwater rewetted coastal fen
High peatland methane emissions following permafrost thaw: enhanced acetoclastic methanogenesis during early successional stages
Origin, transport, and retention of fluvial sedimentary organic matter in South Africa's largest freshwater wetland, Mkhuze Wetland System
Peat macropore networks – new insights into episodic and hotspot methane emission
Mangrove sediment organic carbon storage and sources in relation to forest age and position along a deltaic salinity gradient
Plant genotype controls wetland soil microbial functioning in response to sea-level rise
Soil greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical coastal wetlands and alternative agricultural land uses
Carbon balance of a Finnish bog: temporal variability and limiting factors based on 6 years of eddy-covariance data
High-resolution induced polarization imaging of biogeochemical carbon turnover hotspots in a peatland
Committed and projected future changes in global peatlands – continued transient model simulations since the Last Glacial Maximum
Factors controlling Carex brevicuspis leaf litter decomposition and its contribution to surface soil organic carbon pool at different water levels
Exploring constraints on a wetland methane emission ensemble (WetCHARTs) using GOSAT observations
Global peatland area and carbon dynamics from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present – a process-based model investigation
Denitrification and associated nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from the Amazonian wetlands
Drivers of seasonal- and event-scale DOC dynamics at the outlet of mountainous peatlands revealed by high-frequency monitoring
Comparison of eddy covariance CO2 and CH4 fluxes from mined and recently rewetted sections in a northwestern German cutover bog
Microtopography is a fundamental organizing structure of vegetation and soil chemistry in black ash wetlands
Interacting effects of vegetation components and water level on methane dynamics in a boreal fen
Low methane emissions from a boreal wetland constructed on oil sand mine tailings
Evidence for preferential protein depolymerization in wetland soils in response to external nitrogen availability provided by a novel FTIR routine
Saltwater reduces potential CO2 and CH4 production in peat soils from a coastal freshwater forested wetland
Reviews and syntheses: Greenhouse gas exchange data from drained organic forest soils – a review of current approaches and recommendations for future research
Effects of sterilization techniques on chemodenitrification and N2O production in tropical peat soil microcosms
Modelling long-term blanket peatland development in eastern Scotland
Cushion bogs are stronger carbon dioxide net sinks than moss-dominated bogs as revealed by eddy covariance measurements on Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
Humic surface waters of frozen peat bogs (permafrost zone) are highly resistant to bio- and photodegradation
Multi-year methane ebullition measurements from water and bare peat surfaces of a patterned boreal bog
James Stegen, Amy J. Burgin, Michelle H. Busch, Joshua B. Fisher, Joshua Ladau, Jenna Abrahamson, Lauren Kinsman-Costello, Li Li, Xingyuan Chen, Thibault Datry, Nate McDowell, Corianne Tatariw, Anna Braswell, Jillian M. Deines, Julia A. Guimond, Peter Regier, Kenton Rod, Edward K. P. Bam, Etienne Fluet-Chouinard, Inke Forbrich, Kristin L. Jaeger, Teri O'Meara, Tim Scheibe, Erin Seybold, Jon N. Sweetman, Jianqiu Zheng, Daniel C. Allen, Elizabeth Herndon, Beth A. Middleton, Scott Painter, Kevin Roche, Julianne Scamardo, Ross Vander Vorste, Kristin Boye, Ellen Wohl, Margaret Zimmer, Kelly Hondula, Maggi Laan, Anna Marshall, and Kaizad F. Patel
Biogeosciences, 22, 995–1034, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-995-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-995-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The loss and gain of surface water (variable inundation) are common processes across Earth. Global change shifts variable inundation dynamics, highlighting a need for unified understanding that transcends individual variably inundated ecosystems (VIEs). We review the literature, highlight challenges, and emphasize opportunities to generate transferable knowledge by viewing VIEs through a common lens. We aim to inspire the emergence of a cross-VIE community based on a proposed continuum approach.
Satyatejas G. Reddy, W. Reilly Farrell, Fengrun Wu, Steven C. Pennings, Jonathan Sanderman, Meagan Eagle, Christopher Craft, and Amanda C. Spivak
Biogeosciences, 22, 435–453, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-435-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-435-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Organic matter decay in salt marsh soils is not well understood. We used the Tea Bag Index, a standardized litter approach, to test how decay changes with soil depth, elevation, and time. The index overestimated decay, but one component, rooibos tea, produced comparable rates to natural litter. We found that decay was higher at shallower depths and lower marsh elevations, suggesting that hydrological setting may be a particularly important control on organic matter loss.
Katherine A. Haviland and Genevieve L. Noyce
Biogeosciences, 21, 5185–5198, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5185-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5185-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Plant roots release both oxygen and carbon to the surrounding soil. While oxygen leads to less production of methane (a greenhouse gas), carbon often has the opposite effect. We investigated these processes in two plant species, S. patens and S. americanus. We found that S. patens roots produce more carbon and less oxygen than S. americanus. Additionally, the S. patens pool of root-associated carbon compounds was more dominated by compound types known to lead to higher methane production.
Purbasha Mistry, Irena F. Creed, Charles G. Trick, Eric Enanga, and David A. Lobb
Biogeosciences, 21, 4699–4715, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4699-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4699-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Precise and accurate estimates of wetland organic carbon sequestration rates are crucial to track the progress of climate action goals through effective carbon budgeting. Radioisotope dating methods using cesium-137 (137Cs) and lead-210 (210Pb) are needed to provide temporal references for these estimations. The choice between using 137Cs or 210Pb, or their combination, depends on respective study objectives, with careful consideration of factors such as dating range and estimation complexity.
Hongxing He, Ian B. Strachan, and Nigel T. Roulet
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2679, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2679, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study applied the CoupModel to simulate carbon dynamics and ecohydrology for a restored peatland and evaluated the responses of the simulated carbon fluxes to varying acrotelm thickness and climate. The results show that CoupModel can simulate the coupled carbon and ecohydrology dynamics for the restored peatland system, and the restored peatland has less resilience in its C uptake functions than pristine peatlands under a changing climate.
Katharina Jentzsch, Elisa Männistö, Maija E. Marushchak, Aino Korrensalo, Lona van Delden, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Christian Knoblauch, and Claire C. Treat
Biogeosciences, 21, 3761–3788, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3761-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3761-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
During cold seasons, methane release from northern wetlands is important but often underestimated. We studied a boreal bog to understand methane emissions in spring and fall. At cold temperatures, methane release decreases due to lower production rates, but efficient methane transport through plant structures, decaying plants, and the release of methane stored in the pore water keep emissions ongoing. Understanding these seasonal processes can improve models for methane release in cold climates.
Julien Arsenault, Julie Talbot, Tim R. Moore, Klaus-Holger Knorr, Henning Teickner, and Jean-François Lapierre
Biogeosciences, 21, 3491–3507, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3491-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3491-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Peatlands are among the largest carbon (C) sinks on the planet. However, peatland features such as open-water pools emit more C than they accumulate because of higher decomposition than production. With this study, we show that the rates of decomposition vary among pools and are mostly driven by the environmental conditions in pools rather than by the nature of the material being decomposed. This means that changes in pool number or size may modify the capacity of peatlands to accumulate C.
Alice Puppin, Davide Tognin, Massimiliano Ghinassi, Erica Franceschinis, Nicola Realdon, Marco Marani, and Andrea D'Alpaos
Biogeosciences, 21, 2937–2954, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2937-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2937-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study aims at inspecting organic matter dynamics affecting the survival and carbon sink potential of salt marshes, which are valuable yet endangered wetland environments. Measuring the organic matter content in marsh soils and its relationship with environmental variables, we observed that the organic matter accumulation varies at different scales, and it is driven by the interplay between sediment supply and vegetation, which are affected, in turn, by marine and fluvial influences.
Patrick J. Neale, J. Patrick Megonigal, Maria Tzortziou, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Christina R. Pondell, and Hannah Morrissette
Biogeosciences, 21, 2599–2620, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2599-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2599-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Adsorption/desorption incubations were conducted with tidal marsh soils to understand the differential sorption behavior of colored vs. noncolored dissolved organic carbon. The wetland soils varied in organic content, and a range of salinities of fresh to 35 was used. Soils primarily adsorbed colored organic carbon and desorbed noncolored organic carbon. Sorption capacity increased with salinity, implying that salinity variations may shift composition of dissolved carbon in tidal marsh waters.
Alexandra L. Hedgpeth, Alison M. Hoyt, Kyle Cavanaugh, Karis J. McFarlane, and Daniela F. Cusack
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1279, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1279, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Tropical peatlands store ancient carbon and have been identified as not only vulnerable to future climate change but take a long time to recover after disturbance. It is unknown if these gases are produced from decomposition of thousand-year-old peat. Radiocarbon dating shows emitted gases are young, indicating surface carbon, not old peat, drives emissions. Preserving these ecosystems can trap old carbon, mitigating climate change.
Leeza Speranskaya, David I. Campbell, Peter M. Lafleur, and Elyn R. Humphreys
Biogeosciences, 21, 1173–1190, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1173-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1173-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Higher evaporation has been predicted in peatlands due to climatic drying. We determined whether the water-conservative vegetation at a Southern Hemisphere bog could cause a different response to dryness compared to a "typical" Northern Hemisphere bog, using decades-long evaporation datasets from each site. At the southern bog, evaporation increased at a much lower rate with increasing dryness, suggesting that this peatland type may be more resilient to climate warming than northern bogs.
Emilia Chiapponi, Sonia Silvestri, Denis Zannoni, Marco Antonellini, and Beatrice M. S. Giambastiani
Biogeosciences, 21, 73–91, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-73-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-73-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Coastal wetlands are important for their ability to store carbon, but they also emit methane, a potent greenhouse gas. This study conducted in four wetlands in Ravenna, Italy, aims at understanding how environmental factors affect greenhouse gas emissions. Temperature and irradiance increased emissions from water and soil, while water column depth and salinity limited them. Understanding environmental factors is crucial for mitigating climate change in wetland ecosystems.
Jyrki Jauhiainen, Juha Heikkinen, Nicholas Clarke, Hongxing He, Lise Dalsgaard, Kari Minkkinen, Paavo Ojanen, Lars Vesterdal, Jukka Alm, Aldis Butlers, Ingeborg Callesen, Sabine Jordan, Annalea Lohila, Ülo Mander, Hlynur Óskarsson, Bjarni D. Sigurdsson, Gunnhild Søgaard, Kaido Soosaar, Åsa Kasimir, Brynhildur Bjarnadottir, Andis Lazdins, and Raija Laiho
Biogeosciences, 20, 4819–4839, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4819-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4819-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The study looked at published data on drained organic forest soils in boreal and temperate zones to revisit current Tier 1 default emission factors (EFs) provided by the IPCC Wetlands Supplement. We examined the possibilities of forming more site-type specific EFs and inspected the potential relevance of environmental variables for predicting annual soil greenhouse gas balances by statistical models. The results have important implications for EF revisions and national emission reporting.
Jennifer Williamson, Chris Evans, Bryan Spears, Amy Pickard, Pippa J. Chapman, Heidrun Feuchtmayr, Fraser Leith, Susan Waldron, and Don Monteith
Biogeosciences, 20, 3751–3766, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3751-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3751-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Managing drinking water catchments to minimise water colour could reduce costs for water companies and save their customers money. Brown-coloured water comes from peat soils, primarily around upland reservoirs. Management practices, including blocking drains, removing conifers, restoring peatland plants and reducing burning, have been used to try and reduce water colour. This work brings together published evidence of the effectiveness of these practices to aid water industry decision-making.
Ting Sun and Brian A. Branfireun
Biogeosciences, 20, 2971–2984, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2971-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2971-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Shrub leaves had higher mercury concentrations than sedge leaves in the sedge-dominated peatland. Dead shrub leaves leached less soluble mercury but more bioaccessible dissolved organic matter than dead sedge leaves. Leached mercury was positively related to the aromaticity of dissolved organic matter in leachate. Future plant species composition changes under climate change will affect Hg input from plant leaves to northern peatlands.
Hao Tang, Stefanie Nolte, Kai Jensen, Roy Rich, Julian Mittmann-Goetsch, and Peter Mueller
Biogeosciences, 20, 1925–1935, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1925-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1925-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In order to gain the first mechanistic insight into warming effects and litter breakdown dynamics across whole-soil profiles, we used a unique field warming experiment and standardized plant litter to investigate the degree to which rising soil temperatures can accelerate belowground litter breakdown in coastal wetland ecosystems. We found warming strongly increases the initial rate of labile litter decomposition but has less consistent effects on the stabilization of this material.
Raghab Ray, Rempei Suwa, Toshihiro Miyajima, Jeffrey Munar, Masaya Yoshikai, Maria Lourdes San Diego-McGlone, and Kazuo Nadaoka
Biogeosciences, 20, 911–928, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-911-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-911-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Mangroves are blue carbon ecosystems known to store large amounts of organic carbon in the sediments. This study is a first attempt to apply a chronosequence (or space-for-time substitution) approach to evaluate the distribution and accumulation rate of carbon in a 30-year-old (maximum age) restored mangrove forest. Using this approach, the contribution of restored or planted mangroves to sedimentary organic carbon presents an increasing pattern with mangrove age.
Laura Clark, Ian B. Strachan, Maria Strack, Nigel T. Roulet, Klaus-Holger Knorr, and Henning Teickner
Biogeosciences, 20, 737–751, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-737-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-737-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We determine the effect that duration of extraction has on CO2 and CH4 emissions from an actively extracted peatland. Peat fields had high net C emissions in the first years after opening, and these then declined to half the initial value for several decades. Findings contribute to knowledge on the atmospheric burden that results from these activities and are of use to industry in their life cycle reporting and government agencies responsible for greenhouse gas accounting and policy.
Daniel L. Pönisch, Anne Breznikar, Cordula N. Gutekunst, Gerald Jurasinski, Maren Voss, and Gregor Rehder
Biogeosciences, 20, 295–323, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-295-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-295-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Peatland rewetting is known to reduce dissolved nutrients and greenhouse gases; however, short-term nutrient leaching and high CH4 emissions shortly after rewetting are likely to occur. We investigated the rewetting of a coastal peatland with brackish water and its effects on nutrient release and greenhouse gas fluxes. Nutrient concentrations were higher in the peatland than in the adjacent bay, leading to an export. CH4 emissions did not increase, which is in contrast to freshwater rewetting.
Stephen G. Chastain, Karen E. Kohfeld, Marlow G. Pellatt, Carolina Olid, and Maija Gailis
Biogeosciences, 19, 5751–5777, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5751-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5751-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Salt marshes are thought to be important carbon sinks because of their ability to store carbon in their soils. We provide the first estimates of how much blue carbon is stored in salt marshes on the Pacific coast of Canada. We find that the carbon stored in the marshes is low compared to other marshes around the world, likely because of their young age. Still, the high marshes take up carbon at rates faster than the global average, making them potentially important carbon sinks in the future.
Jim Boonman, Mariet M. Hefting, Corine J. A. van Huissteden, Merit van den Berg, Jacobus (Ko) van Huissteden, Gilles Erkens, Roel Melman, and Ype van der Velde
Biogeosciences, 19, 5707–5727, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5707-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5707-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Draining peat causes high CO2 emissions, and rewetting could potentially help solve this problem. In the dry year 2020 we measured that subsurface irrigation reduced CO2 emissions by 28 % and 83 % on two research sites. We modelled a peat parcel and found that the reduction depends on seepage and weather conditions and increases when using pressurized irrigation or maintaining high ditchwater levels. We found that soil temperature and moisture are suitable as indicators of peat CO2 emissions.
Maiju Linkosalmi, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Olli Nevalainen, Mikko Peltoniemi, Cemal M. Taniş, Ali N. Arslan, Juuso Rainne, Annalea Lohila, Tuomas Laurila, and Mika Aurela
Biogeosciences, 19, 4747–4765, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4747-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4747-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Vegetation greenness was monitored with digital cameras in three northern peatlands during five growing seasons. The greenness index derived from the images was highest at the most nutrient-rich site. Greenness indicated the main phases of phenology and correlated with CO2 uptake, though this was mainly related to the common seasonal cycle. The cameras and Sentinel-2 satellite showed consistent results, but more frequent satellite data are needed for reliable detection of phenological phases.
Antonin Prijac, Laure Gandois, Laurent Jeanneau, Pierre Taillardat, and Michelle Garneau
Biogeosciences, 19, 4571–4588, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4571-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4571-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Pools are common features of peatlands. We documented dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition in pools and peat of an ombrotrophic boreal peatland to understand its origin and potential role in the peatland carbon budget. The survey reveals that DOM composition differs between pools and peat, although it is derived from the peat vegetation. We investigated which processes are involved and estimated that the contribution of carbon emissions from DOM processing in pools could be substantial.
Cordula Nina Gutekunst, Susanne Liebner, Anna-Kathrina Jenner, Klaus-Holger Knorr, Viktoria Unger, Franziska Koebsch, Erwin Don Racasa, Sizhong Yang, Michael Ernst Böttcher, Manon Janssen, Jens Kallmeyer, Denise Otto, Iris Schmiedinger, Lucas Winski, and Gerald Jurasinski
Biogeosciences, 19, 3625–3648, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3625-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3625-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Methane emissions decreased after a seawater inflow and a preceding drought in freshwater rewetted coastal peatland. However, our microbial and greenhouse gas measurements did not indicate that methane consumers increased. Rather, methane producers co-existed in high numbers with their usual competitors, the sulfate-cycling bacteria. We studied the peat soil and aimed to cover the soil–atmosphere continuum to better understand the sources of methane production and consumption.
Liam Heffernan, Maria A. Cavaco, Maya P. Bhatia, Cristian Estop-Aragonés, Klaus-Holger Knorr, and David Olefeldt
Biogeosciences, 19, 3051–3071, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3051-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3051-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw in peatlands leads to waterlogged conditions, a favourable environment for microbes producing methane (CH4) and high CH4 emissions. High CH4 emissions in the initial decades following thaw are due to a vegetation community that produces suitable organic matter to fuel CH4-producing microbes, along with warm and wet conditions. High CH4 emissions after thaw persist for up to 100 years, after which environmental conditions are less favourable for microbes and high CH4 emissions.
Julia Gensel, Marc Steven Humphries, Matthias Zabel, David Sebag, Annette Hahn, and Enno Schefuß
Biogeosciences, 19, 2881–2902, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2881-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2881-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated organic matter (OM) and plant-wax-derived biomarkers in sediments and plants along the Mkhuze River to constrain OM's origin and transport pathways within South Africa's largest freshwater wetland. Presently, it efficiently captures OM, so neither transport from upstream areas nor export from the swamp occurs. Thus, we emphasize that such geomorphological features can alter OM provenance, questioning the assumption of watershed-integrated information in downstream sediments.
Petri Kiuru, Marjo Palviainen, Tiia Grönholm, Maarit Raivonen, Lukas Kohl, Vincent Gauci, Iñaki Urzainki, and Annamari Laurén
Biogeosciences, 19, 1959–1977, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1959-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1959-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Peatlands are large sources of methane (CH4), and peat structure controls CH4 production and emissions. We used X-ray microtomography imaging, complex network theory methods, and pore network modeling to describe the properties of peat macropore networks and the role of macropores in CH4-related processes. We show that conditions for gas transport and CH4 production vary with depth and are affected by hysteresis, which may explain the hotspots and episodic spikes in peatland CH4 emissions.
Rey Harvey Suello, Simon Lucas Hernandez, Steven Bouillon, Jean-Philippe Belliard, Luis Dominguez-Granda, Marijn Van de Broek, Andrea Mishell Rosado Moncayo, John Ramos Veliz, Karem Pollette Ramirez, Gerard Govers, and Stijn Temmerman
Biogeosciences, 19, 1571–1585, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1571-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1571-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This research shows indications that the age of the mangrove forest and its position along a deltaic gradient (upstream–downstream) play a vital role in the amount and sources of carbon stored in the mangrove sediments. Our findings also imply that carbon capture by the mangrove ecosystem itself contributes partly but relatively little to long-term sediment organic carbon storage. This finding is particularly relevant for budgeting the potential of mangrove ecosystems to mitigate climate change.
Hao Tang, Susanne Liebner, Svenja Reents, Stefanie Nolte, Kai Jensen, Fabian Horn, and Peter Mueller
Biogeosciences, 18, 6133–6146, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6133-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6133-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We examined if sea-level rise and plant genotype interact to affect soil microbial functioning in a mesocosm experiment using two genotypes of a dominant salt-marsh grass characterized by differences in flooding sensitivity. Larger variability in microbial community structure, enzyme activity, and litter breakdown in soils with the more sensitive genotype supports our hypothesis that effects of climate change on soil microbial functioning can be controlled by plant intraspecific adaptations.
Naima Iram, Emad Kavehei, Damien T. Maher, Stuart E. Bunn, Mehran Rezaei Rashti, Bahareh Shahrabi Farahani, and Maria Fernanda Adame
Biogeosciences, 18, 5085–5096, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5085-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5085-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Greenhouse gas emissions were measured and compared from natural coastal wetlands and their converted agricultural lands across annual seasonal cycles in tropical Australia. Ponded pastures emitted ~ 200-fold-higher methane than any other tested land use type, suggesting the highest greenhouse gas mitigation potential and financial incentives by the restoration of ponded pastures to natural coastal wetlands.
Pavel Alekseychik, Aino Korrensalo, Ivan Mammarella, Samuli Launiainen, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Ilkka Korpela, and Timo Vesala
Biogeosciences, 18, 4681–4704, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4681-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4681-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Bogs of northern Eurasia represent a major type of peatland ecosystem and contain vast amounts of carbon, but carbon balance monitoring studies on bogs are scarce. The current project explores 6 years of carbon balance data obtained using the state-of-the-art eddy-covariance technique at a Finnish bog Siikaneva. The results reveal relatively low interannual variability indicative of ecosystem resilience to both cool and hot summers and provide new insights into the seasonal course of C fluxes.
Timea Katona, Benjamin Silas Gilfedder, Sven Frei, Matthias Bücker, and Adrian Flores-Orozco
Biogeosciences, 18, 4039–4058, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4039-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4039-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We used electrical geophysical methods to map variations in the rates of microbial activity within a wetland. Our results show that the highest electrical conductive and capacitive properties relate to the highest concentrations of phosphates, carbon, and iron; thus, we can use them to characterize the geometry of the biogeochemically active areas or hotspots.
Jurek Müller and Fortunat Joos
Biogeosciences, 18, 3657–3687, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3657-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3657-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present long-term projections of global peatland area and carbon with a continuous transient history since the Last Glacial Maximum. Our novel results show that large parts of today’s northern peatlands are at risk from past and future climate change, with larger emissions clearly connected to larger risks. The study includes comparisons between different emission and land-use scenarios, driver attribution through factorial simulations, and assessments of uncertainty from climate forcing.
Lianlian Zhu, Zhengmiao Deng, Yonghong Xie, Xu Li, Feng Li, Xinsheng Chen, Yeai Zou, Chengyi Zhang, and Wei Wang
Biogeosciences, 18, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted a Carex brevicuspis leaf litter input experiment to clarify the intrinsic factors controlling litter decomposition and quantify its contribution to the soil organic carbon pool at different water levels. Our results revealed that the water level in natural wetlands influenced litter decomposition mainly by leaching and microbial activity, by extension, and affected the wetland surface carbon pool.
Robert J. Parker, Chris Wilson, A. Anthony Bloom, Edward Comyn-Platt, Garry Hayman, Joe McNorton, Hartmut Boesch, and Martyn P. Chipperfield
Biogeosciences, 17, 5669–5691, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5669-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5669-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Wetlands contribute the largest uncertainty to the atmospheric methane budget. WetCHARTs is a simple, data-driven model that estimates wetland emissions using observations of precipitation and temperature. We perform the first detailed evaluation of WetCHARTs against satellite data and find it performs well in reproducing the observed wetland methane seasonal cycle for the majority of wetland regions. In regions where it performs poorly, we highlight incorrect wetland extent as a key reason.
Jurek Müller and Fortunat Joos
Biogeosciences, 17, 5285–5308, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5285-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5285-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We present an in-depth model analysis of transient peatland area and carbon dynamics over the last 22 000 years. Our novel results show that the consideration of both gross positive and negative area changes are necessary to understand the transient evolution of peatlands and their net effect on atmospheric carbon. The study includes the attributions to drivers through factorial simulations, assessments of uncertainty from climate forcing, and determination of the global net carbon balance.
Jérémy Guilhen, Ahmad Al Bitar, Sabine Sauvage, Marie Parrens, Jean-Michel Martinez, Gwenael Abril, Patricia Moreira-Turcq, and José-Miguel Sánchez-Pérez
Biogeosciences, 17, 4297–4311, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4297-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4297-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The quantity of greenhouse gases (GHGs) released to the atmosphere by human industries and agriculture, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), has been constantly increasing for the last few decades.
This work develops a methodology which makes consistent both satellite observations and modelling of the Amazon basin to identify and quantify the role of wetlands in GHG emissions. We showed that these areas produce non-negligible emissions and are linked to land use.
Thomas Rosset, Stéphane Binet, Jean-Marc Antoine, Emilie Lerigoleur, François Rigal, and Laure Gandois
Biogeosciences, 17, 3705–3722, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3705-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3705-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Peatlands export a large amount of DOC through inland waters. This study aims at identifying the mechanisms controlling the DOC concentration at the outlet of two mountainous peatlands in the French Pyrenees. Peat water temperature and water table dynamics are shown to drive seasonal- and event-scale DOC concentration variation. According to water recession times, peatlands appear as complexes of different hydrological and biogeochemical units supplying inland waters at different rates.
David Holl, Eva-Maria Pfeiffer, and Lars Kutzbach
Biogeosciences, 17, 2853–2874, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2853-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2853-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We measured greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes at a bog site in northwestern Germany that has been heavily degraded by peat mining. During the 2-year investigation period, half of the area was still being mined, whereas the remaining half had been rewetted shortly before. We could therefore estimate the impact of rewetting on GHG flux dynamics. Rewetting had a considerable effect on the annual GHG balance and led to increased (up to 84 %) methane and decreased (up to 40 %) carbon dioxide release.
Jacob S. Diamond, Daniel L. McLaughlin, Robert A. Slesak, and Atticus Stovall
Biogeosciences, 17, 901–915, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-901-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-901-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Many wetland systems exhibit lumpy, or uneven, soil surfaces where higher points are called hummocks and lower points are called hollows. We found that, while hummocks extended only ~ 20 cm above hollow surfaces, they exhibited distinct plant communities, plant growth, and soil properties. Differences between hummocks and hollows were the greatest in wetter sites, supporting the hypothesis that plants create and maintain their own hummocks in response to saturated soil conditions.
Terhi Riutta, Aino Korrensalo, Anna M. Laine, Jukka Laine, and Eeva-Stiina Tuittila
Biogeosciences, 17, 727–740, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-727-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-727-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the role of plant species groups in peatland methane fluxes under natural conditions and lowered water level. At a natural water level, sedges and mosses increased the fluxes. At a lower water level, the impact of plant groups on the fluxes was small. Only at a high water level did vegetation regulate the fluxes. The results are relevant for assessing peatland methane fluxes in a changing climate, as peatland water level and vegetation are predicted to change.
M. Graham Clark, Elyn R. Humphreys, and Sean K. Carey
Biogeosciences, 17, 667–682, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-667-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-667-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Natural and restored wetlands typically emit methane to the atmosphere. However, we found that a wetland constructed after oil sand mining in boreal Canada using organic soils from local peatlands had negligible emissions of methane in its first 3 years. Methane production was likely suppressed due to an abundance of alternate inorganic electron acceptors. Methane emissions may increase in the future if the alternate electron acceptors continue to decrease.
Hendrik Reuter, Julia Gensel, Marcus Elvert, and Dominik Zak
Biogeosciences, 17, 499–514, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-499-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-499-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Using infrared spectroscopy, we developed a routine to disentangle microbial nitrogen (N) and plant N in decomposed litter. In a decomposition experiment in three wetland soils, this routine revealed preferential protein depolymerization as a decomposition-site-dependent parameter, unaffected by variations in initial litter N content. In Sphagnum peat, preferential protein depolymerization led to a N depletion of still-unprocessed litter tissue, i.e., a gradual loss of litter quality.
Kevan J. Minick, Bhaskar Mitra, Asko Noormets, and John S. King
Biogeosciences, 16, 4671–4686, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4671-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4671-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Sea level rise alters hydrology and vegetation in coastal wetlands. We studied effects of freshwater, saltwater, and wood on soil microbial activity in a freshwater forested wetland. Saltwater reduced CO2/CH4 production compared to freshwater, suggesting large changes in greenhouse gas production and microbial activity are possible due to saltwater intrusion into freshwater wetlands but that the availability of C in the form of dead wood (as forests transition to marsh) may alter the magnitude.
Jyrki Jauhiainen, Jukka Alm, Brynhildur Bjarnadottir, Ingeborg Callesen, Jesper R. Christiansen, Nicholas Clarke, Lise Dalsgaard, Hongxing He, Sabine Jordan, Vaiva Kazanavičiūtė, Leif Klemedtsson, Ari Lauren, Andis Lazdins, Aleksi Lehtonen, Annalea Lohila, Ainars Lupikis, Ülo Mander, Kari Minkkinen, Åsa Kasimir, Mats Olsson, Paavo Ojanen, Hlynur Óskarsson, Bjarni D. Sigurdsson, Gunnhild Søgaard, Kaido Soosaar, Lars Vesterdal, and Raija Laiho
Biogeosciences, 16, 4687–4703, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4687-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4687-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We collated peer-reviewed publications presenting GHG flux data for drained organic forest soils in boreal and temperate climate zones, focusing on data that have been used, or have the potential to be used, for estimating net annual soil GHG emission/removals. We evaluated the methods in data collection and identified major gaps in background/environmental data. Based on these, we developed suggestions for future GHG data collection to increase data applicability in syntheses and inventories.
Steffen Buessecker, Kaitlyn Tylor, Joshua Nye, Keith E. Holbert, Jose D. Urquiza Muñoz, Jennifer B. Glass, Hilairy E. Hartnett, and Hinsby Cadillo-Quiroz
Biogeosciences, 16, 4601–4612, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4601-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4601-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the potential for chemical reduction of nitrite into nitrous oxide (N2O) in soils from tropical peat. Among treatments, irradiation resulted in the lowest biological interference and least change of native soil chemistry (iron and organic matter). Nitrite depletion was as high in live or irradiated soils, and N2O production was significant in all tests. Thus, nonbiological production of N2O may be widely underestimated in wetlands and tropical peatlands.
Ward Swinnen, Nils Broothaerts, and Gert Verstraeten
Biogeosciences, 16, 3977–3996, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3977-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3977-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, a new model is presented, which was specifically designed to study the development and carbon storage of blanket peatlands since the last ice age. In the past, two main processes (declining forest cover and rising temperatures) have been proposed as drivers of blanket peatland development on the British Isles. The simulations performed in this study support the temperature hypothesis for the blanket peatlands in the Cairngorms Mountains of central Scotland.
David Holl, Verónica Pancotto, Adrian Heger, Sergio Jose Camargo, and Lars Kutzbach
Biogeosciences, 16, 3397–3423, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3397-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3397-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present 2 years of eddy covariance carbon dioxide flux data from two Southern Hemisphere peatlands on Tierra del Fuego. One of the investigated sites is a type of bog exclusive to the Southern Hemisphere, which is dominated by vascular, cushion-forming plants and is particularly understudied. One result of this study is that these cushion bogs apparently are highly productive in comparison to Northern and Southern Hemisphere moss-dominated bogs.
Liudmila S. Shirokova, Artem V. Chupakov, Svetlana A. Zabelina, Natalia V. Neverova, Dahedrey Payandi-Rolland, Carole Causserand, Jan Karlsson, and Oleg S. Pokrovsky
Biogeosciences, 16, 2511–2526, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2511-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2511-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Regardless of the size and landscape context of surface water in frozen peatland in NE Europe, the bio- and photo-degradability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) over a 1-month incubation across a range of temperatures was below 10 %. We challenge the paradigm of dominance of photolysis and biodegradation in DOM processing in surface waters from frozen peatland, and we hypothesize peat pore-water DOM degradation and respiration of sediments to be the main drivers of CO2 emission in this region.
Elisa Männistö, Aino Korrensalo, Pavel Alekseychik, Ivan Mammarella, Olli Peltola, Timo Vesala, and Eeva-Stiina Tuittila
Biogeosciences, 16, 2409–2421, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2409-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2409-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We studied methane emitted as episodic bubble release (ebullition) from water and bare peat surfaces of a boreal bog over three years. There was more ebullition from water than from bare peat surfaces, and it was controlled by peat temperature, water level, atmospheric pressure and the weekly temperature sum. However, the contribution of methane bubbles to the total ecosystem methane emission was small. This new information can be used to improve process models of peatland methane dynamics.
Cited articles
Abbott, G. D., Swain, E. Y., Muhammad, A. B., Allton, K., Belyea, L. R.,
Laing, C. G., and Cowie, G. L.: Effect of water-table fluctuations on the
degradation of Sphagnum phenols in surficial peats, Geochim. Cosmochim.
Acta, 106, 177–191, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.12.013, 2013.
Aerts, R., Callaghan, T. V., Dorrepaal, E., Van Logtestijn, R. S. P., and
Cornelissen, J. H. C.: Seasonal climate manipulations result in
species-specific changes in leaf nutrient levels and isotopic composition in
a sub-arctic bog, Funct. Ecol., 23, 680–688,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01566.x, 2009.
Alewell, C., Giesler, R., Klaminder, J., Leifeld, J., and Rollog, M.: Stable carbon isotopes as indicators for environmental change in palsa peats, Biogeosciences, 8, 1769–1778, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-1769-2011, 2011.
Armstrong, W.: Oxygen diffusion from the roots of some british bog plants,
Nature, 204, 801–802, 1964.
Asada, T., Warner, B. G., and Aravena, R.: Nitrogen isotope signature
variability in plant species from open peatland, Aquat. Bot., 82,
297–307, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2005.05.005, 2005.
Bates, D., Maechler, M., Bolker, B., and Walker, S.: Fitting Linear
Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4, J. Stat. Softw, 67, 1-48.
https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i01, 2015
Berendse, F., Van Breemen, N., Rydin, Ha., Buttler, A., Heijmans, M.,
Hoosbeek, M. R., Lee, J. A., Mitchell, E., Saarinen, T., Vasander, H., and
Wallen, B.: Raised atmospheric CO2 levels and increased N deposition
cause shifts in plant species composition and production in Sphagnum bogs,
Glob. Chang. Biol., 7, 591–598, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00433.x,
2001.
Biester, H., Knorr, K.-H., Schellekens, J., Basler, A., and Hermanns, Y.-M.: Comparison of different methods to determine the degree of peat decomposition in peat bogs, Biogeosciences, 11, 2691–2707, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2691-2014, 2014.
Bragazza, L., Gerdol, R., and Rydin, H.: Effects of mineral and nutrient
input on mire bio-geochemistry in two geographical regions, J. Ecol., 91,
417–426, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00773.x, 2003.
Bragazza, L., Limpens, J., Gerdol, R., Grosvernier, P., Hájek, M.,
Hájek, T., Hajkova, P., Hansen, I., Iacumin, P., Kutnar, L., Rydin, H.,
and Tahvanainen, T.: Nitrogen concentration and δ15N signature of
ombrotrophic Sphagnum mosses at different N deposition levels in Europe,
Glob. Chang. Biol., 11, 106–114, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00886.x,
2005.
Bragazza, L.: A decade of plant species changes on a mire in the Italian
Alps: Vegetation-controlled or climate-driven mechanisms?, Clim. Change,
77, 415–429, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-9034-x, 2006.
Bragazza, L. and Iacumin, P.: Seasonal variation in carbon isotopic
composition of bog plant litter during 3 years of field decomposition, Biol.
Fertil. Soils, 46, 73–77, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-009-0406-7, 2009.
Bragazza, L., Iacumin, P., Siffi, C., and Gerdol, R.: Seasonal variation in
nitrogen isotopic composition of bog plant litter during 3 years of field
decomposition, Biol. Fertil. Soils, 46, 877–881,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-010-0483-7, 2010.
Bragazza, L., Parisod, J., Buttler, A., and Bardgett, R. D.: Biogeochemical
plant–soil microbe feedback in response to climate warming in peatlands,
Nat. Clim. Chang., 3, 273–277, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1781, 2013.
Bragazza, L., Bardgett, R. D., Mitchell, E. A., and Buttler, A.: Linking soil
microbial communities to vascular plant abundance along a climate gradient,
New Phytol., 205, 1175–1182, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13116, 2015.
Breeuwer, A., Robroek, B. J. M., Limpens, J., Heijmans, M. M. P. D.,
Schouten, M. G. C., and Berendse, F.: Decreased summer water table depth
affects peatland vegetation, Basic Appl. Ecol., 10, 330–339,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2008.05.005, 2009.
Broder, T., Blodau, C., Biester, H., and Knorr, K. H.: Peat decomposition records in three pristine ombrotrophic bogs in southern Patagonia, Biogeosciences, 9, 1479–1491, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-1479-2012, 2012.
Coolen, M. J. L. and Orsi, W. D.: The transcriptional response of microbial
communities in thawing Alaskan permafrost soils, Front. Microbiol., 6,
1–14, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00197, 2015.
Coulson, J. C. and Butterfield, J.: An Investigation of the Biotic Factors
Determining the Rates of Plant Decomposition on Blanket Bog, J. Ecol.,
66, 631–650, 1978.
Crow, S. E. and Wieder, R. K.: Sources of CO2 emission from a northern
peatland: Root respiration, exudation, and decomposition, Ecology, 86,
1825–1834, https://doi.org/10.1890/04-1575, 2005.
Damman, A. W. H.: Regulation of Nitrogen Removal and Retention in Sphagnum
bogs and Other Peatlands, Oikos, 51, 291, https://doi.org/10.2307/3565310, 1988.
Eglinton, G. and Hamilton, R. J.: Leaf Epicuticular Waxes, Science,
156, 1322–1335, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.156.3780.1322, 1967.
Emmerton, K. S., Callaghan, T. V, Jones, H. E., Leake, J. R., Michelsen, A.,
and Read, D. J.: Assimilation and isotopic fractionation of nitrogen by
mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal subarctic plants, New Phytol., 151,
513–524, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00179.x, 2001.
Fenner, N. and Freeman, C.: Drought-induced carbon loss in peatlands, Nat.
Geosci., 4, 895–900, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1323, 2011.
Galloway, J. N., Townsend, A. R., Erisman, J. W., Bekunda, M., Cai, Z.,
Freney, J. R., Martinelli, L. A., Seitzinger, S. P., and Sutton, M. A.:
Transformation of the Nitrogen Cycle: Recent Trends, Questions, and
Potential Solutions, Science, 320, 889–892,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1136674, 2008.
Gavazov, K., Hagedorn, F., Buttler, A., Siegwolf, R., and Bragazza, L.:
Environmental drivers of carbon and nitrogen isotopic signatures in peatland
vascular plants along an altitude gradient, Oecologia, 180, 257–264,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-015-3458-4, 2016.
Gavazov, K., Albrecht, R. J. H., Buttler, A., Dorrepaal, E., Garnett, M. H.,
Gogo, S., Hagedorn, F., Mills, R. T. E., Robroek, B. J. M., and Bragazza, L.:
Vascular plant-mediated controls on atmospheric carbon assimilation and peat
carbon decomposition under climate change, Glob. Chang. Biol., 24,
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14140, 2018.
Gebauer, G. and Dietrich, P.: Nitrogen Isotope Ratios in Different
Compartments of a Mixed Stand of Spruce, Larch and Beech Trees and of
Understorey Vegetation Including Fungi, Isot. Isot. Environ. Heal. Stud.,
29, 35–44, https://doi.org/10.1080/10256019308046133, 1993.
Gerdol, R., Siffi, C., and Bombonato, L.: Aboveground production and nutrient
status of the vegetation of different mire types in the South-eastern Alps
(Italy), Bot. Helv., 120, 85–93, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00035-010-0077-x, 2010.
Hájek, T., Ballance, S., Limpens, J., Zijlstra, M., and Verhoeven, J. T.
A.: Cell-wall polysaccharides play an important role in decay resistance of
Sphagnum and actively depressed decomposition in vitro, Biogeochemistry,
103, 45–57, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-010-9444-3, 2011.
Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Mauquoy, D., van Geel, B., and Berendse, F.: Long-term
effects of climate change on vegetation and carbon dynamics in peat bogs, J.
Veg. Sci., 19, 307–320, https://doi.org/10.3170/2008-8-18368, 2008.
Holzapfel-Pschorn, A., Conrad, R., and Seiler, W.: Effects of vegetation on
the emission of methane from submerged paddy soil, Plant Soil, 92, 223–233,
1986.
Hornibrook, E. R. C., Longstaffe, F. J., Fyfe, W. S., and Bloom, Y.:
Carbon-isotope ratios and carbon, nitrogen and sulfur abundances in flora
and soil organic matter from a temperate-zone bog and marsh, Geochem. J.,
34, 237–245, https://doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.34.237, 2000.
Huang, Y., Stankiewicz, B. A., Eglinton, G., Snape, C. E., Evans, B.,
Latter, P. M., and Ineson, P.: monitoring Biomacromolecular degradation of
Calluna Vulgaris in a 23year field experiment using solid state 13C-NMR and pyrolysis-GC/MS, Soil Biol. Biochem., 30, 1517–1528,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(97)00234-4, 1998.
Kalbitz, K., Geyer, S., and Gehre, M.: Land use impacts on the isotopic
signature (13C,14C,15N) of water-soluble fulvic acids in a
German fen area, Soil Sci., 165, 728–736,
https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-200009000-00006, 2000.
Karhu, K., Auffret, M. D., Dungait, J. a J., Hopkins, D. W., Prosser, J. I.,
Singh, B. K., Subke, J. A., Wookey, P. a, Agren, G. I., Sebastià, M.-T.,
Gouriveau, F., Bergkvist, G., Meir, P., Nottingham, A. T., Salinas, N., and
Hartley, I. P.: Temperature sensitivity of soil respiration rates enhanced
by microbial community response., Nature, 513, 81–84,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13604, 2014.
Kaštovská, E., Straková, P., Edwards, K., Urbanová, Z.,
Bárta, J., Mastný, J., Šantrůčková, H., and Picek,
T.: Cotton-Grass and Blueberry have Opposite Effect on Peat Characteristics
and Nutrient Transformation in Peatland, Ecosystems, 21, 443–458,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0159-3, 2018.
Kohzu, A., Matsui, K., Yamada, T., Sugimoto, A., and Fujita, N.: Significance
of rooting depth in mire plants: Evidence from natural 15N abundance, Ecol.
Res., 18, 257–266, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1703.2003.00552.x, 2003.
Kracht, O. and Gleixner, G.: Isotope analysis of pyrolysis products from
Sphagnum peat and dissolved organic matter from bog water, Org. Geochem.,
31, 645–654, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(00)00041-3, 2000.
Kristensen, H. L. and McCarty, G. W.: Mineralization and immobilization of
nitrogen in heath soil under intact Calluna, after heather beetle
infestation and nitrogen fertilization, Appl. Soil Ecol., 13, 187–198,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0929-1393(99)00036-0, 1999.
Krüger, J. P., Leifeld, J., and Alewell, C.: Degradation changes stable carbon isotope depth profiles in palsa peatlands, Biogeosciences, 11, 3369–3380, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3369-2014, 2014.
Krüger, J. P., Leifeld, J., Glatzel, S., Szidat, S., and Alewell, C.: Biogeochemical indicators of peatland degradation – a case study of a temperate bog in northern Germany, Biogeosciences, 12, 2861–2871, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2861-2015, 2015.
Kuhry, P. and Vitt, D. H.: Fossil Carbon/Nitrogen Ratios as a Measure of
Peat Decomposition, Ecology, 77, 271–275, https://doi.org/10.2307/2265676, 1996.
Kuznetsova, A., Brockhoff, P. B., and Christensen, R. H. B.: lmerTest Package:
Tests in Linear Mixed Effects Models, J. Stat. Softw., 82, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v082.i13, 2017
Laiho, R., Vasander, H., Penttilä, T., and Laine, J.: Dynamics of
plant-mediated organic matter and nutrient cycling following water-level
drawdown in boreal peatlands, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 17, 22/1–22/11,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GB002015, 2003.
Lenth, R.: emmeans: Estimated Marginal Means, aka Least-Squares Means. R
package version 1.3.4., available at: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=emmeans, last access: 19 December 2019.
Limpens, J. and Berendse, F.: How litter quality affects mass loss and N
loss from decomposing Sphagnum, Oikos, 103, 537–547,
https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.12707.x, 2003.
Lu, F. and Ralph, J.: Detection and Determination of p -Coumaroylated Units
in Lignins, J. Agric. Food Chem., 47, 1988–1992, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf981140j,
1999.
Malmer, N., Svensson, B. M., and Wallén, B.: Interactions between
Sphagnum mosses and field layer vascular plants in the development of
peat-forming systems, Folia Geobot. Phytotaxon., 29, 483–496,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02883146, 1994.
McClymont, E. L., Bingham, E. M., Nott, C. J., Chambers, F. M., Pancost, R.
D., and Evershed, R. P.: Pyrolysis GC-MS as a rapid screening tool for
determination of peat-forming plant composition in cores from ombrotrophic
peat, Org. Geochem., 42, 1420–1435,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2011.07.004, 2011.
Ménot, G. and Burns, S. J.: Carbon isotopes in ombrogenic peat bog
plants as climatic indicators: Calibration from an altitudinal transect in
Switzerland, Org. Geochem., 32, 233–245,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(00)00170-4, 2001.
Nadelhoffer, K. J. and Fry, B.: Controls on natural nitrogen-15 and
carbon-13 abundances in forest soil organic matter, Soil Sci. Am. J., 52,
1633–1640, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200060024x, 1988.
Nierop, K. G. J.: Origin of aliphatic compounds in a forest soil, Org.
Geochem., 29, 1009–1016, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00165-X, 1998.
Nordbakken, J. F., Ohlson, M., and Högberg, P.: Boreal bog plants:
nitrogen sources and uptake of recently deposited nitrogen, Environ.
Pollut., 126, 191–200, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(03)00194-5, 2003.
Novák, M., Buzek, F., and Adamová, M.: Vertical trends in δ13C, δ15N and δ34S ratios in bulk Sphagnum
peat, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 1343–1346,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00040-1, 1999.
Novák, M., Stepanova, M., Jackova, I., Vile, M. A., Wieder, R. K.,
Buzek, F., Adamova, M., Erbanova, L., Fottova, D., and Komarek, A.: Isotopic
evidence for nitrogen mobility in peat bogs, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 133,
351–361, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.021, 2014.
Novák, M., Jackova, I., Curik, J., Stepanova, M., Veselovsky, F., Buzek,
F., Vile, M. A., Bufkova, I., Valkova, I., Adamova, M., Bohdalkova, L., and
Komarek, A.: Contrasting δ15N Values of Atmospheric Deposition
and Sphagnum Peat Bogs: N Fixation as a Possible Cause, Ecosystems, 19,
1037–1050, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-016-9985-y, 2016.
Parish, F., Sirin, A., Charman, D., Joosten, H., Minayeva, T., Silvius, M.,
and Stringer, L., Eds.: Assessment on Peatlands, Biodiversity and Climate
change: Main Report, Global Environment Centre, Kuala Lumpur and Wetlands
International, Wageningen, 2008.
Preis, Y. I., Simonova, G. V, Voropay, N. N., and Dyukarev, E. A.: Estimation
of the influence of hydrothermal conditions on the carbon isotope
composition in Sphagnum mosses of bogs of Western Siberia, IOP Conf. Ser.
Earth Environ. Sci., 211, 012031, https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/211/1/012031, 2018.
Price, G. D., McKenzie, J. E., Pilcher, J. R., and Hoper, S. T.:
Carbon-isotope variation in Sphagnum from hummock-hollow complexes:
Implications for Holocene climate reconstruction, Holocene, 7, 229–233,
https://doi.org/10.1177/095968369700700211, 1997.
Proctor, M. C. F., Raven, J. A., and Rice, S. K.: Stable carbon isotope
discrimination measurements in Sphagnum and other bryophytes: physiological
and ecological implications, J. Bryol., 17, 193–202,
https://doi.org/10.1179/jbr.1992.17.2.193, 1992.
R Core Team.: R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R
Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria,
available at: https://www.R-project.org/, last access: 19 December 2019.
Read, D. J., Leake, J. R. and Perez-Moreno, J.: Mycorrhizal fungi as drivers
of ecosystem processes in heathland and boreal forest biomes, Can. J. Bot.,
82, 1243–1263, https://doi.org/10.1139/B04-123, 2004.
Robroek, B. J. M., Albrecht, R. J. H., Hamard, S., Pulgarin, A., Bragazza,
L., Buttler, A., and Jassey, V. E. J.: Peatland vascular plant functional
types affect dissolved organic matter chemistry, Plant Soil, 103,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2710-3, 2015.
Roura-Carol, M. and Freeman, C.: Methane release from peat soils: Effects of
Sphagnum and Juncus, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 323–325,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(98)00125-4, 1999.
Sarkar, P., Bosneaga, E., and Auer, M.: Plant cell walls throughout
evolution: towards a molecular understanding of their design principles, J.
Exp. Bot., 60, 3615–3635, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erp245, 2009.
Schaub, M. and Alewell, C.: Stable carbon isotopes as an indicator for soil
degradation in an alpine environment (Urseren Valley, Switzerland), Rapid
Commun. Mass Spectrom., 23, 1499–1507, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4030, 2009.
Schellekens, J. and Buurman, P.: N-Alkane distributions as palaeoclimatic
proxies in ombrotrophic peat: The role of decomposition and dominant
vegetation, Geoderma, 164, 112–121,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.05.012, 2011.
Schellekens, J., Buurman, P., and Pontevedra-Pombal, X.: Selecting parameters
for the environmental interpretation of peat molecular chemistry - A
pyrolysis-GC/MS study, Org. Geochem., 40, 678–691,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.03.006, 2009.
Schellekens, J., Buurman, P., Fraga, I., and Martínez-Cortizas, A.:
Holocene vegetation and hydrologic changes inferred from molecular
vegetation markers in peat, Penido Vello (Galicia, Spain), Palaeogeogr.
Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 299, 56–69,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.10.034, 2011.
Schellekens, J., Buurman, P., and Kuyper, T. W.: Source and transformations
of lignin in Carex-dominated peat, Soil Biol. Biochem., 53, 32–42,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.030, 2012.
Schellekens, J., Buurman, P., Kuyper, T. W., Abbott, G. D.,
Pontevedra-Pombal, X., and Martínez-Cortizas, A.: Influence of source
vegetation and redox conditions on lignin-based decomposition proxies in
graminoid-dominated ombrotrophic peat (Penido Vello, NW Spain), Geoderma,
237–238, 270–282, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.09.012, 2015a.
Schellekens, J., Bindler, R., Martínez-Cortizas, A., McClymont, E. L.,
Abbott, G. D., Biester, H., Pontevedra-Pombal, X., and Buurman, P.:
Preferential degradation of polyphenols from Sphagnum – 4-Isopropenylphenol
as a proxy for past hydrological conditions in Sphagnum-dominated peat,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 150, 74–89, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.12.003, 2015b.
Schellekens, J., Bradley, J. a., Kuyper, T. W., Fraga, I.,
Pontevedra-Pombal, X., Vidal-Torrado, P., Abbott, G. D., and Buurman, P.: The
use of plant-specific pyrolysis products as biomarkers in peat deposits,
Quat. Sci. Rev., 123, 254–264, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.06.028, 2015c.
Schellekens, J., Buurman, P., Kalbitz, K., Zomeren, A. Van, Vidal-Torrado,
P., Cerli, C., and Comans, R. N. J.: Molecular Features of Humic Acids and
Fulvic Acids from Contrasting Environments, Environ. Sci. Technol., 51,
1330–1339, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b03925, 2017.
Schmidt, M. W. I., Torn, M. S., Abiven, S., Dittmar, T., Guggenberger, G.,
Janssens, I. A., Kleber, M., Kögel-Knabner, I., Lehmann, J., Manning, D.
A. C., Nannipieri, P., Rasse, D. P., Weiner, S., and Trumbore, S. E.:
Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property, Nature,
478, 49–56, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10386, 2011.
Skrzypek, G., Kałużny, A., Wojtuń, B., and Jędrysek, M.-O.: The
carbon stable isotopic composition of mosses: a record of temperature
variation, Org. Geochem., 38, 1770–1781,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2007.05.002, 2007.
Taylor, B. R., Parkinson, D., and Parsons, W. F. J.: Nitrogen and lignin
content as predictors of litter decay rates: a microcosm test, Ecology,
70, 97–104, https://doi.org/10.2307/1938416, 1989.
Tegelaar, E. W., Hollman, G., Van Der Vegt, P., De Leeuw, J. W., and
Holloway, P. J.: Chemical characterization of the periderm tissue of some
angiosperm species: recognition of an insoluble, non-hydrolyzable, aliphatic
biomacromolecule (Suberan), Org. Geochem., 23, 239–251,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(94)00123-I, 1995.
Turetsky, M. R., Crow, S. E., Evans, R. J., Vitt, D. H., and Wieder, R. K.:
Trade-offs in resource allocation among moss species control decomposition
in boreal peatlands, J. Ecol., 96, 1297–1305,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01438.x, 2008.
Van Der Hage, E. R. E., Mulder, M. M., and Boon, J. J.: Structural
characterization of lignin polymers by temperature-resolved in-source
pyrolysis-mass spectrometry and Curie-point pyrolysis-gas
chromatography/mass spectrometry, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 25, 149–183,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-2370(93)80038-2, 1993.
Van Der Heijden, E., Boon, J. J., Rasmussen, S. and Rudolph, H.: Sphagnum
acid and its decarboxylation product isopropenylphenol as biomarkers for
fossilised Sphagnum in peats, Anc. Biomol., 1, 93–107, 1997.
Van Smeerdijk, D. G. and Boon, J. J.: Characterisation of subfossil Sphagnum
leaves, rootlets of ericaceae and their peat by pyrolysis-high-resolution
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 11,
377–402, https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-2370(87)85043-X, 1987.
Verhoeven, J. T. A. and Toth, E.: Decomposition of Carex and Sphagnum litter
in fens: Effect of litter quality and inhibition by living tissue
homogenates, Soil Biol. Biochem., 27, 271–275,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(94)00183-2, 1995.
Ward, S. E., Ostle, N. J., Oakley, S., Quirk, H., Henrys, P. A., and
Bardgett, R. D.: Warming effects on greenhouse gas fluxes in peatlands are
modulated by vegetation composition, Ecol. Lett., 16, 1285–1293,
https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12167, 2013.
Ward, S. E., Orwin, K. H., Ostle, N. J., Briones, M. J. I., Thomson, B. C.,
Griffiths, R. I., Oakley, S., Quirk, H., and Bardgett, R. D.: Vegetation
exerts a greater control on litter decomposition than climate warming in
peatlands, Ecology, 96, 113–123, https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0292.1, 2015.
Zeh, L.: Pyrolysis data to reveal molecular composition of peat and peat forming plants, TU Dresden, https://doi.org/10.25532/OPARA-77, 2020a.
Zeh, L.: Carbon to nitrogen (C∕N) ratios, δ15N [‰] and δ13C [‰] of shoot and root tissues from three peat forming plants, TU Dresden, https://doi.org/10.25532/OPARA-78, 2020b.
Zeh, L.: Carbon to nitrogen (C∕N) ratios, δ15N [‰] and δ13C [‰] of peat core increments, TU Dresden, https://doi.org/10.25532/OPARA-79, 2020c.
Zeh, L., Limpens, J., Erhagen, B., Bragazza, L., and Kalbitz, K.: Plant
functional types and temperature control carbon input via roots in peatland
soils, Plant Soil, 438, 19–38, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-03958-6, 2019.
Zhang, X., Wang, X., Finnegan, P. M., Tan, W., and Mao, R.: Effects of litter
mixtures on aerobic decomposition rate and its temperature sensitivity in a
boreal peatland, Geoderma, 354, 113890,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.113890, 2019.
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint