Articles | Volume 19, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4011-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4011-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
01 Sep 2022
Research article |
| 01 Sep 2022
| 01 Sep 2022
Temperature sensitivity of dark CO2 fixation in temperate forest soils
Rachael Akinyede
Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany
Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
Martin Taubert
Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany
Marion Schrumpf
Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
Susan Trumbore
Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
Kirsten Küsel
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany
German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle–Jena–Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
Related authors
No articles found.
Ingrid Chanca, Ingeborg Levin, Susan Trumbore, Kita Macario, Jost Lavric, Carlos Alberto Quesada, Alessandro Carioca de Araújo, Cléo Quaresma Dias Júnior, Hella van Asperen, Samuel Hammer, and Carlos Sierra
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-883, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-883, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Assessing the net carbon (C) budget of the Amazon entails considering the magnitude and timing of C absorption and losses through respiration (transit time of C). Radiocarbon-based estimates of the transit time of C in the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) suggest a doubling of the transit time from 6 ± 2 years and 18 ± 5 years (October 2019 and December 2021, respectively). This variability indicates that only a fraction of newly fixed C can be stored for decades or longer.
Thomas Wutzler, Christian Reimers, Bernhard Ahrens, and Marion Schrumpf
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 2705–2725, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2705-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2705-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Soil microbes provide a strong link for elemental fluxes in the earth system. The SESAM model applies an optimality assumption to model those linkages and their adaptation. We found that a previous heuristic description was a special case of a newly developed more rigorous description. The finding of new behaviour at low microbial biomass led us to formulate the constrained enzyme hypothesis. We now can better describe how microbially mediated linkages of elemental fluxes adapt across decades.
Marleen Pallandt, Marion Schrumpf, Holger Lange, Markus Reichstein, Lin Yu, and Bernhard Ahrens
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-186, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-186, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
As soils get warmer due to climate change, SOC decomposes faster because of higher microbial activity, but only with sufficient soil moisture. We modelled how microbes decompose plant litter and microbial residues at different soil depths. We found that deep soil layers are more sensitive than topsoils. SOC is lost from the soil with warming, but this can be mitigated or worsened depending on the type of litter and its sensitivity to temperature. Droughts can reduce warming-induced SOC losses.
Luiz A. T. Machado, Jürgen Kesselmeier, Santiago Botia, Hella Van Asperen, Alessandro C. de Araújo, Paulo Artaxo, Achim Edtbauer, Rosa Ferreira, Hartwig Harder, Sam Jones, Cléo Q. Dias-Júnior, Guido G. Haytzmann, Carlos A. Quesada, Shujiro Komiya, Jost Lavric, Jos Lelieveld, Ingeborg Levin, Anke Nölscher, Eva Pfannerstill, Mira Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, Akima Ringsdorf, Luciana Rizzo, Ana M. Yáñez-Serrano, Susan Trumbore, Wanda I. D. Valenti, Jordi Vila-Guerau de Arellano, David Walter, Jonathan Williams, Stefan Wolff, and Christopher Pöhlker
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2901, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2901, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Composite analysis of the gas concentration before and after rainfall, during the day and night, gives insight into the complex relationship between trace gas variability and precipitation. This analysis helps to understand the sources and sinks of trace gases within a forest ecosystem. It elucidates processes that are not discernible under undisturbed conditions and contributes to a deeper understanding of the trace gas life cycle and its intricate interactions with cloud dynamics in the Amazon
Hella van Asperen, Thorsten Warneke, Alessandro Carioca de Araújo, Bruce Forsberg, Sávio José Filgueiras Ferreira, Thomas Röckmann, Carina van der Veen, Sipko Bulthuis, Leonardo Ramos de Oliveira, Thiago de Lima Xavier, Jailson da Mata, Marta de Oliveira Sá, Paulo Ricardo Teixeira, Julie Andrews de França e Silva, Susan Trumbore, and Justus Notholt
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2746, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2746, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is considered an important indirect greenhouse gas. Soils can emit as well as take up CO but, until now, uncertainty remains which process dominates in tropical rain forests. We present the first soil CO flux measurements from a tropical rain forest. Based on our observations, we report that tropical rain forest soils are a net source of CO. In addition, we show that valley streams and inundated areas are likely additional hot spots of CO in the ecosystem.
Maximiliano González Sosa, Carlos A. Sierra, Juan A. Quincke, Walter E. Baethgen, Susan Trumbore, and M. Virginia Pravia
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2650, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2650, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Based on an approach that involved radiocarbon measurement in bulk soil and incubations from a long-term 60-year experiment, it was concluded that the avoidance of old carbon losses in the integrated crop-pasture systems is the main reason that explains their greater carbon storage capacities compared to continuous cropping. A better understanding of these processes is essential for making agronomic decisions to increase the carbon sequestration capacity of these systems.
Richard Nair, Yunpeng Luo, Tarek El-Madany, Victor Rolo, Javier Pacheco-Labrador, Silvia Caldararu, Kendalynn A. Morris, Marion Schrumpf, Arnaud Carrara, Gerardo Moreno, Markus Reichstein, and Mirco Migliavacca
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2434, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2434, 2023
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
We studied a Mediterranean ecosystem to understand carbon uptake efficiency and its controls. These ecosystems face potential nitrogen-phosphorus imbalances due to pollution. Analysing six years of carbon data, we assessed controls at different timeframes. This is crucial for predicting such vulnerable regions. Our findings revealed N limitation on C uptake, not N:P imbalance, and strong influence of water availability. whether drought or wetness promoted net C uptake depended on timescale.
Adriana Simonetti, Raquel Fernandes Araujo, Carlos Henrique Souza Celes, Flávia Ranara da Silva e Silva, Joaquim dos Santos, Niro Higuchi, Susan Trumbore, and Daniel Magnabosco Marra
Biogeosciences, 20, 3651–3666, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3651-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3651-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We combined 2 years of monthly drone-acquired RGB (red–green–blue) imagery with field surveys in a central Amazon forest. Our results indicate that small gaps associated with branch fall were the most frequent. Biomass losses were partially controlled by gap area, with branch fall and snapping contributing the least and greatest relative values, respectively. Our study highlights the potential of drone images for monitoring canopy dynamics in dense tropical forests.
Shane W. Stoner, Marion Schrumpf, Alison Hoyt, Carlos A. Sierra, Sebastian Doetterl, Valier Galy, and Susan Trumbore
Biogeosciences, 20, 3151–3163, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Soils store more carbon (C) than any other terrestrial C reservoir, but the processes that control how much C stays in soil, and for how long, are very complex. Here, we used a recent method that involves heating soil in the lab to measure the range of C ages in soil. We found that most C in soil is decades to centuries old, while some stays for much shorter times (days to months), and some is thousands of years old. Such detail helps us to estimate how soil C may react to changing climate.
Lin Yu, Silvia Caldararu, Bernhard Ahrens, Thomas Wutzler, Marion Schrumpf, Julian Helfenstein, Chiara Pistocchi, and Sönke Zaehle
Biogeosciences, 20, 57–73, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-57-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-57-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we addressed a key weakness in current ecosystem models regarding the phosphorus exchange in the soil and developed a new scheme to describe this process. We showed that the new scheme improved the model performance for plant productivity, soil organic carbon, and soil phosphorus content at five beech forest sites in Germany. We claim that this new model could be used as a better tool to study ecosystems under future climate change, particularly phosphorus-limited systems.
Thomas Wutzler, Lin Yu, Marion Schrumpf, and Sönke Zaehle
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 8377–8393, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8377-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8377-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Soil microbes process soil organic matter and affect carbon storage and plant nutrition at the ecosystem scale. We hypothesized that decadal dynamics is constrained by the ratios of elements in litter inputs, microbes, and matter and that microbial community optimizes growth. This allowed the SESAM model to descibe decadal-term carbon sequestration in soils and other biogeochemical processes explicitly accounting for microbial processes but without its problematic fine-scale parameterization.
Jeffrey Prescott Beem-Miller, Craig Rasmussen, Alison May Hoyt, Marion Schrumpf, Georg Guggenberger, and Susan Trumbore
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1083, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1083, 2022
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
We compared the age of persistent soil organic matter as well as active emissions of carbon dioxide from soils across a gradient of climate and geology. We found that clay minerals are more important than mean annual temperature for both persistent and actively cycling soil carbon, and that they may attenuate the sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition to temperature. Accounting for geology and soil development could therefore improve estimates of soil carbon stocks and changes.
Karel Castro-Morales, Anna Canning, Sophie Arzberger, Will A. Overholt, Kirsten Küsel, Olaf Kolle, Mathias Göckede, Nikita Zimov, and Arne Körtzinger
Biogeosciences, 19, 5059–5077, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5059-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5059-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw releases methane that can be emitted into the atmosphere or transported by Arctic rivers. Methane measurements are lacking in large Arctic river regions. In the Kolyma River (northeast Siberia), we measured dissolved methane to map its distribution with great spatial detail. The river’s edge and river junctions had the highest methane concentrations compared to other river areas. Microbial communities in the river showed that the river’s methane likely is from the adjacent land.
Sophie F. von Fromm, Alison M. Hoyt, Markus Lange, Gifty E. Acquah, Ermias Aynekulu, Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, Stephan M. Haefele, Steve P. McGrath, Keith D. Shepherd, Andrew M. Sila, Johan Six, Erick K. Towett, Susan E. Trumbore, Tor-G. Vågen, Elvis Weullow, Leigh A. Winowiecki, and Sebastian Doetterl
SOIL, 7, 305–332, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-305-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-305-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated various soil and climate properties that influence soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations in sub-Saharan Africa. Our findings indicate that climate and geochemistry are equally important for explaining SOC variations. The key SOC-controlling factors are broadly similar to those for temperate regions, despite differences in soil development history between the two regions.
Marion Schrumpf, Klaus Kaiser, Allegra Mayer, Günter Hempel, and Susan Trumbore
Biogeosciences, 18, 1241–1257, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1241-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1241-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A large amount of organic carbon (OC) in soil is protected against decay by bonding to minerals. We studied the release of mineral-bonded OC by NaF–NaOH extraction and H2O2 oxidation. Unexpectedly, extraction and oxidation removed mineral-bonded OC at roughly constant portions and of similar age distributions, irrespective of mineral composition, land use, and soil depth. The results suggest uniform modes of interactions between OC and minerals across soils in quasi-steady state with inputs.
Ann-Sophie Lehnert, Thomas Behrendt, Alexander Ruecker, Georg Pohnert, and Susan E. Trumbore
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 3507–3520, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3507-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3507-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like scents can appear and disappear quickly. For example, when a bug starts on a tree, the tree releases VOCs that warn the trees around him. Thus, one needs instruments measuring their concentration in real time and identify which VOC is measured. In our study, we compared two instruments doing that, PTR-MS and SIFT-MS. Both work similarly, but we found that the PTR-MS can measure lower concentrations, but the SIFT-MS can identify VOCs better.
Lin Yu, Bernhard Ahrens, Thomas Wutzler, Marion Schrumpf, and Sönke Zaehle
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 783–803, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-783-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-783-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, we have developed a new soil organic carbon model that describes the formation and turnover of soil organic matter in a more mechanistic manner. With this model, we are able to better represent how microorganisms and nutrient processes influence the below-ground carbon storage and better explain some observed features of soil organic matter. We hope this model can increase our confidence in predictions of future climate change, particularly on how soil can mitigate the process.
Corey R. Lawrence, Jeffrey Beem-Miller, Alison M. Hoyt, Grey Monroe, Carlos A. Sierra, Shane Stoner, Katherine Heckman, Joseph C. Blankinship, Susan E. Crow, Gavin McNicol, Susan Trumbore, Paul A. Levine, Olga Vindušková, Katherine Todd-Brown, Craig Rasmussen, Caitlin E. Hicks Pries, Christina Schädel, Karis McFarlane, Sebastian Doetterl, Christine Hatté, Yujie He, Claire Treat, Jennifer W. Harden, Margaret S. Torn, Cristian Estop-Aragonés, Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, Marco Keiluweit, Ágatha Della Rosa Kuhnen, Erika Marin-Spiotta, Alain F. Plante, Aaron Thompson, Zheng Shi, Joshua P. Schimel, Lydia J. S. Vaughn, Sophie F. von Fromm, and Rota Wagai
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 61–76, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-61-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-61-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The International Soil Radiocarbon Database (ISRaD) is an an open-source archive of soil data focused on datasets including radiocarbon measurements. ISRaD includes data from bulk or
whole soils, distinct soil carbon pools isolated in the laboratory by a variety of soil fractionation methods, samples of soil gas or water collected interstitially from within an intact soil profile, CO2 gas isolated from laboratory soil incubations, and fluxes collected in situ from a soil surface.
Richard K. F. Nair, Kendalynn A. Morris, Martin Hertel, Yunpeng Luo, Gerardo Moreno, Markus Reichstein, Marion Schrumpf, and Mirco Migliavacca
Biogeosciences, 16, 1883–1901, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1883-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1883-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated how nutrient availability affects seasonal timing of root growth and death in a Spanish savanna, adapted to a long summer drought. We found that nitrogen (N) additions led to more root biomass but number of roots was higher with N and phosphorus together. These effects were strongly affected by the time of year. In autumn root growth occurred after leaf production. This has implications for how we understand biomass production and carbon uptake in these systems.
Shaun R. Levick, Anna E. Richards, Garry D. Cook, Jon Schatz, Marcus Guderle, Richard J. Williams, Parash Subedi, Susan E. Trumbore, and Alan N. Andersen
Biogeosciences, 16, 1493–1503, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1493-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1493-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We used airborne lidar to map the three-dimensional structure and model the biomass of plant canopies across a long-term fire experiment in the Northern Territory of Australia. Our results show that late season fires occurring every 2 years reduce the amount of carbon stored above-ground by 50 % relative to unburnt control plots. We also show how increased fire intensity removes the shrub layer from savannas and discuss the implications for biodiversity conservation.
Thomas Behrendt, Elisa C. P. Catão, Rüdiger Bunk, Zhigang Yi, Elena Schweer, Steffen Kolb, Jürgen Kesselmeier, and Susan Trumbore
SOIL, 5, 121–135, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-121-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-121-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We measured net fluxes of OCS from nine soils with different land use in a dynamic chamber system and analyzed for one soil RNA relative abundance and gene transcripts. Our data suggest that indeed carbonic anhydrase (CA) plays an important role for OCS exchange, but the role of other enzymes might have been underestimated. Our study is the first assessment of the environmental significance of different microbial groups producing and consuming OCS by various enzymes other than CA.
Boaz Hilman, Jan Muhr, Susan E. Trumbore, Norbert Kunert, Mariah S. Carbone, Päivi Yuval, S. Joseph Wright, Gerardo Moreno, Oscar Pérez-Priego, Mirco Migliavacca, Arnaud Carrara, José M. Grünzweig, Yagil Osem, Tal Weiner, and Alon Angert
Biogeosciences, 16, 177–191, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-177-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-177-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Combined measurement of CO2 / O2 fluxes in tree stems suggested that on average 41 % of the respired CO2 was not emitted locally to the atmosphere. This finding strengthens the recognition that CO2 efflux from tree stems is not an accurate measure of respiration. The CO2 / O2 fluxes did not vary as expected if CO2 dissolution in the xylem sap was the main driver for the CO2 retention. We suggest the examination of refixation of respired CO2 as a possible mechanism for CO2 retention.
Marta Camino-Serrano, Bertrand Guenet, Sebastiaan Luyssaert, Philippe Ciais, Vladislav Bastrikov, Bruno De Vos, Bert Gielen, Gerd Gleixner, Albert Jornet-Puig, Klaus Kaiser, Dolly Kothawala, Ronny Lauerwald, Josep Peñuelas, Marion Schrumpf, Sara Vicca, Nicolas Vuichard, David Walmsley, and Ivan A. Janssens
Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 937–957, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-937-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-937-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Global models generally oversimplify the representation of soil organic carbon (SOC), and thus its response to global warming remains uncertain. We present the new soil module ORCHIDEE-SOM, within the global model ORCHIDEE, that refines the representation of SOC dynamics and includes the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) processes. The model is able to reproduce SOC stocks and DOC concentrations in four different ecosystems, opening an opportunity for improved predictions of SOC in global models.
Bernd Kohlhepp, Robert Lehmann, Paul Seeber, Kirsten Küsel, Susan E. Trumbore, and Kai U. Totsche
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 6091–6116, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6091-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6091-2017, 2017
Rebecca Elizabeth Cooper, Karin Eusterhues, Carl-Eric Wegner, Kai Uwe Totsche, and Kirsten Küsel
Biogeosciences, 14, 5171–5188, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5171-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5171-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we show increasing organic matter (OM) content on ferrihydrite surfaces enhances Fe reduction by the model Fe reducer S. oneidensis and a microbial consortia extracted from peat. Similarities in reduction rates between S. oneidensis and the consortia suggest electron shuttling dominates in OM-rich soils. Community profile analyses showed enrichment of fermenters with pure ferrihydrite, whereas OM–mineral complexes favored enrichment of Fe-reducing Desulfobacteria and Pelosinus sp.
Martin E. Nowak, Valérie F. Schwab, Cassandre S. Lazar, Thomas Behrendt, Bernd Kohlhepp, Kai Uwe Totsche, Kirsten Küsel, and Susan E. Trumbore
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 4283–4300, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4283-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4283-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In the present study we combined measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) isotopes with a set of different geochemical and microbiological methods in order to get a comprehensive view of biogeochemical cycling and groundwater flow in two limestone aquifer assemblages. This allowed us to understand interactions and feedbacks between microbial communities, their carbon sources, and water chemistry.
Valérie F. Schwab, Martina Herrmann, Vanessa-Nina Roth, Gerd Gleixner, Robert Lehmann, Georg Pohnert, Susan Trumbore, Kirsten Küsel, and Kai U. Totsche
Biogeosciences, 14, 2697–2714, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2697-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2697-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We used phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) to link specific microbial markers to the spatio-temporal changes of groundwater physico-chemistry. PLFA-based functional groups were directly supported by DNA/RNA results. O2 resulted in increased eukaryotic biomass and abundance of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria but impeded anammox, sulphate-reducing and iron-reducing bacteria. Our study demonstrates the power of PLFA-based approaches to study the nature and activity of microorganisms in pristine aquifers.
Stephanie K. Jones, Carole Helfter, Margaret Anderson, Mhairi Coyle, Claire Campbell, Daniela Famulari, Chiara Di Marco, Netty van Dijk, Y. Sim Tang, Cairistiona F. E. Topp, Ralf Kiese, Reimo Kindler, Jan Siemens, Marion Schrumpf, Klaus Kaiser, Eiko Nemitz, Peter E. Levy, Robert M. Rees, Mark A. Sutton, and Ute M. Skiba
Biogeosciences, 14, 2069–2088, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2069-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2069-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We assessed the nitrogen (N), carbon (C) and greenhouse gas (GHG) budget from an intensively managed grassland in southern Scotland using flux budget calculations as well as changes in soil N and C pools over time. Estimates from flux budget calculations indicated that N and C were sequestered, whereas soil stock measurements indicated a smaller N storage and a loss of C from the ecosystem. The GHG sink strength of the net CO2 ecosystem exchange was strongly affected by CH4 and N2O emissions.
Lesego Khomo, Susan Trumbore, Carleton R. Bern, and Oliver A. Chadwick
SOIL, 3, 17–30, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-17-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-17-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluated mineral control of organic carbon dynamics by relating the content and age of carbon stored in soils of varied mineralogical composition found in the landscapes of Kruger National Park, South Africa. Carbon associated with smectite clay minerals, which have stronger surface–organic matter interactions, averaged about a thousand years old, while most soil carbon was only decades to centuries old and was associated with iron and aluminum oxide minerals.
Daniel Magnabosco Marra, Niro Higuchi, Susan E. Trumbore, Gabriel H. P. M. Ribeiro, Joaquim dos Santos, Vilany M. C. Carneiro, Adriano J. N. Lima, Jeffrey Q. Chambers, Robinson I. Negrón-Juárez, Frederic Holzwarth, Björn Reu, and Christian Wirth
Biogeosciences, 13, 1553–1570, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1553-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1553-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Predicting biomass correctly at the landscape level in hyperdiverse and structurally complex tropical forests requires the inclusion of predictors that express inherent variations in species architecture. The model of interest should comprise the floristic composition and size-distribution variability of the target forest, implying that even generic global or pantropical biomass estimation models can lead to strong biases.
Leandro T. dos Santos, Daniel Magnabosco Marra, Susan Trumbore, Plínio B. de Camargo, Robinson I. Negrón-Juárez, Adriano J. N. Lima, Gabriel H. P. M. Ribeiro, Joaquim dos Santos, and Niro Higuchi
Biogeosciences, 13, 1299–1308, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1299-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1299-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
In the Amazon forest, wind disturbances can create canopy gaps of many hundreds of hectares. We show that inputs of plant litter associated with large windthrows cause a short-term increase in soil carbon stock. The degree of increase is related to soil clay content and tree mortality intensity. The higher carbon content and potentially higher nutrient availability in soils from areas recovering from windthrows may favor forest regrowth and increase vegetation resilience.
M. E. Nowak, F. Beulig, J. von Fischer, J. Muhr, K. Küsel, and S. E. Trumbore
Biogeosciences, 12, 7169–7183, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-7169-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-7169-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Microorganisms have been recognized as an important source of soil organic matter (SOM). Autotrophic microorganisms utilize CO2 instead of organic carbon. Microbial CO2 fixation is accompanied with high 13C isotope discrimination. Because autotrophs are abundant in soils, they might be a significant factor influencing 13C signatures of SOM. Thus, it is important to asses the importance of autotrophs for C isotope signatures in soils, in order to use isotopes as a tracer for soil C dynamics.
O. Perez-Priego, J. Guan, M. Rossini, F. Fava, T. Wutzler, G. Moreno, N. Carvalhais, A. Carrara, O. Kolle, T. Julitta, M. Schrumpf, M. Reichstein, and M. Migliavacca
Biogeosciences, 12, 6351–6367, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6351-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6351-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence and photochemical reflectance index revealed controls of climate and nutrient availability on photosynthesis (gross primary production, GPP). Meteo-driven models (MMs) were unable to describe nutrient-induced effects on GPP. Important implications can be derived from these results, and uncertainties in the prediction of global GPP still remain when MMs do not account for plant nutrient availability.
M. O. Andreae, O. C. Acevedo, A. Araùjo, P. Artaxo, C. G. G. Barbosa, H. M. J. Barbosa, J. Brito, S. Carbone, X. Chi, B. B. L. Cintra, N. F. da Silva, N. L. Dias, C. Q. Dias-Júnior, F. Ditas, R. Ditz, A. F. L. Godoi, R. H. M. Godoi, M. Heimann, T. Hoffmann, J. Kesselmeier, T. Könemann, M. L. Krüger, J. V. Lavric, A. O. Manzi, A. P. Lopes, D. L. Martins, E. F. Mikhailov, D. Moran-Zuloaga, B. W. Nelson, A. C. Nölscher, D. Santos Nogueira, M. T. F. Piedade, C. Pöhlker, U. Pöschl, C. A. Quesada, L. V. Rizzo, C.-U. Ro, N. Ruckteschler, L. D. A. Sá, M. de Oliveira Sá, C. B. Sales, R. M. N. dos Santos, J. Saturno, J. Schöngart, M. Sörgel, C. M. de Souza, R. A. F. de Souza, H. Su, N. Targhetta, J. Tóta, I. Trebs, S. Trumbore, A. van Eijck, D. Walter, Z. Wang, B. Weber, J. Williams, J. Winderlich, F. Wittmann, S. Wolff, and A. M. Yáñez-Serrano
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 10723–10776, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10723-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10723-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO), a new atmosphere-biosphere observatory located in the remote Amazon Basin. It presents results from ecosystem ecology, meteorology, trace gas, and aerosol measurements collected at the ATTO site during the first 3 years of operation.
J. F. Mori, T. R. Neu, S. Lu, M. Händel, K. U. Totsche, and K. Küsel
Biogeosciences, 12, 5277–5289, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5277-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5277-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We studied filamentous macroscopic algae growing in metal-rich stream water that leaked from a former uranium-mining district. These algae were encrusted with Fe-deposits that were associated with microbes, mainly Gallionella-related Fe-oxidizing bacteria, and extracellular polymeric substances. Algae with a lower number of chloroplasts often exhibited discontinuous series of precipitates, likely due to the intercalary growth of algae which allowed them to avoid detrimental encrustation.
M. S. Torn, A. Chabbi, P. Crill, P. J. Hanson, I. A. Janssens, Y. Luo, C. H. Pries, C. Rumpel, M. W. I. Schmidt, J. Six, M. Schrumpf, and B. Zhu
SOIL, 1, 575–582, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-575-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-575-2015, 2015
K. Eusterhues, A. Hädrich, J. Neidhardt, K. Küsel, T. F. Keller, K. D. Jandt, and K. U. Totsche
Biogeosciences, 11, 4953–4966, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4953-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4953-2014, 2014
C. A. Sierra, M. Müller, and S. E. Trumbore
Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 1919–1931, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-1919-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-1919-2014, 2014
B. Ahrens, M. Reichstein, W. Borken, J. Muhr, S. E. Trumbore, and T. Wutzler
Biogeosciences, 11, 2147–2168, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2147-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2147-2014, 2014
M. S. Torn, M. Kleber, E. S. Zavaleta, B. Zhu, C. B. Field, and S. E. Trumbore
Biogeosciences, 10, 8067–8081, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8067-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8067-2013, 2013
E. Solly, I. Schöning, S. Boch, J. Müller, S. A. Socher, S. E. Trumbore, and M. Schrumpf
Biogeosciences, 10, 4833–4843, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4833-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4833-2013, 2013
M. Schrumpf, K. Kaiser, G. Guggenberger, T. Persson, I. Kögel-Knabner, and E.-D. Schulze
Biogeosciences, 10, 1675–1691, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1675-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1675-2013, 2013
M. C. Braakhekke, T. Wutzler, C. Beer, J. Kattge, M. Schrumpf, B. Ahrens, I. Schöning, M. R. Hoosbeek, B. Kruijt, P. Kabat, and M. Reichstein
Biogeosciences, 10, 399–420, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-399-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-399-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Soils
Moisture and temperature effects on the radiocarbon signature of respired carbon dioxide to assess stability of soil carbon in the Tibetan Plateau
Non-mycorrhizal root-associated fungi increase soil C stocks and stability via diverse mechanisms
Nine years of warming and nitrogen addition in the Tibetan grassland promoted loss of soil organic carbon but did not alter the bulk change in chemical structure
Soil priming effects and involved microbial community along salt gradients
Adjustments to the Rock-Eval® thermal analysis for soil organic and inorganic carbon quantification
Ecosystem-specific patterns and drivers of global reactive iron mineral-associated organic carbon
Factors controlling spatiotemporal variability of soil carbon accumulation and stock estimates in a tidal salt marsh
Dark septate endophytic fungi associated with pioneer grass inhabiting volcanic deposits and their functions in promoting plant growth
Global patterns and drivers of phosphorus fractions in natural soils
Reviews and syntheses: Iron – a driver of nitrogen bioavailability in soils?
How well does ramped thermal oxidation quantify the age distribution of soil carbon? Assessing thermal stability of physically and chemically fractionated soil organic matter
Differential temperature sensitivity of intracellular metabolic processes and extracellular soil enzyme activities
Mapping soil organic carbon fractions for Australia, their stocks, and uncertainty
Technical note: The recovery rate of free particulate organic matter from soil samples is strongly affected by the method of density fractionation
Deforestation for agriculture leads to soil warming and enhanced litter decomposition in subarctic soils
Long-term fertilization increases soil but not plant or microbial N in a Chihuahuan Desert Grassland
Temperature sensitivity of soil organic carbon respiration along a forested elevation gradient in the Rwenzori Mountains, Uganda
The influence of elevated CO2 and soil depth on rhizosphere activity and nutrient availability in a mature Eucalyptus woodland
The paradox of assessing greenhouse gases from soils for nature-based solutions
Management-induced changes in soil organic carbon on global croplands
Pore network modeling as a new tool for determining gas diffusivity in peat
Effects of precipitation seasonality, irrigation, vegetation cycle and soil type on enhanced weathering – modeling of cropland case studies across four sites
Stable isotope profiles of soil organic carbon in forested and grassland landscapes in the Lake Alaotra basin (Madagascar): insights in past vegetation changes
Reviews and syntheses: The promise of big diverse soil data, moving current practices towards future potential
Dynamics of rare earth elements and associated major and trace elements during Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) litter degradation
To what extent can soil moisture and soil Cu contamination stresses affect nitrous species emissions? Estimation through calibration of a nitrification–denitrification model
Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry of organic matter in Swedish forest soils and its relationship with climate, tree species, and soil texture
Soil geochemistry as a driver of soil organic matter composition: insights from a soil chronosequence
Leaching of inorganic and organic phosphorus and nitrogen in contrasting beech forest soils – seasonal patterns and effects of fertilization
Age and chemistry of dissolved organic carbon reveal enhanced leaching of ancient labile carbon at the permafrost thaw zone
Soil organic carbon stabilization mechanisms and temperature sensitivity in old terraced soils
Effect of organic carbon addition on paddy soil organic carbon decomposition under different irrigation regimes
Soil profile connectivity can impact microbial substrate use, affecting how soil CO2 effluxes are controlled by temperature
Additional carbon inputs to reach a 4 per 1000 objective in Europe: feasibility and projected impacts of climate change based on Century simulations of long-term arable experiments
Cycling and retention of nitrogen in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) ecosystems under elevated fructification frequency
Mercury mobility, colloid formation and methylation in a polluted Fluvisol as affected by manure application and flooding–draining cycle
Simulating measurable ecosystem carbon and nitrogen dynamics with the mechanistically defined MEMS 2.0 model
Similar importance of edaphic and climatic factors for controlling soil organic carbon stocks of the world
Representing methane emissions from wet tropical forest soils using microbial functional groups constrained by soil diffusivity
Long-term bare-fallow soil fractions reveal thermo-chemical properties controlling soil organic carbon dynamics
Geochemical zones and environmental gradients for soils from the central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica
Age distribution, extractability, and stability of mineral-bound organic carbon in central European soils
Denitrification in soil as a function of oxygen availability at the microscale
Key drivers of pyrogenic carbon redistribution during a simulated rainfall event
Subsurface flow and phosphorus dynamics in beech forest hillslopes during sprinkling experiments: how fast is phosphorus replenished?
Estimating maximum fine-fraction organic carbon in UK grasslands
Millennial-age glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) in forested mineral soils: 14C-based evidence for stabilization of microbial necromass
Particles under stress: ultrasonication causes size and recovery rate artifacts with soil-derived POM but not with microplastics
Deepening roots can enhance carbonate weathering by amplifying CO2-rich recharge
Vertical mobility of pyrogenic organic matter in soils: a column experiment
Andrés Tangarife-Escobar, Georg Guggenberger, Xiaojuan Feng, Guohua Dai, Carolina Urbina-Malo, Mina Azizi-Rad, and Carlos A. Sierra
Biogeosciences, 21, 1277–1299, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1277-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1277-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic matter stability depends on future temperature and precipitation scenarios. We used radiocarbon (14C) data and model predictions to understand how the transit time of carbon varies under environmental change in grasslands and peatlands. Soil moisture affected the Δ14C of peatlands, while temperature did not have any influence. Our models show the correspondence between Δ14C and transit time and could allow understanding future interactions between terrestrial and atmospheric carbon
Emiko K. Stuart, Laura Castañeda-Gómez, Wolfram Buss, Jeff R. Powell, and Yolima Carrillo
Biogeosciences, 21, 1037–1059, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1037-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1037-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We inoculated wheat plants with various types of fungi whose impacts on soil carbon are poorly understood. After several months of growth, we examined both their impacts on soil carbon and the underlying mechanisms using multiple methods. Overall the fungi benefitted the storage of carbon in soil, mainly by improving the stability of pre-existing carbon, but several pathways were involved. This study demonstrates their importance for soil carbon storage and, therefore, climate change mitigation.
Huimin Sun, Michael W. I. Schmidt, Jintao Li, Jinquan Li, Xiang Liu, Nicholas O. E. Ofiti, Shurong Zhou, and Ming Nie
Biogeosciences, 21, 575–589, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-575-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-575-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A soil organic carbon (SOC) molecular structure suggested that the easily decomposable and stabilized SOC is similarly affected after 9-year warming and N treatments despite large changes in SOC stocks. Given the long residence time of some SOC, the similar loss of all measurable chemical forms of SOC under global change treatments could have important climate consequences.
Haoli Zhang, Doudou Chang, Zhifeng Zhu, Chunmei Meng, and Kaiyong Wang
Biogeosciences, 21, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Soil salinity mediates microorganisms and soil processes like soil organic carbon (SOC) cycling. We observed that negative priming effects at the early stages might be due to the preferential utilization of cottonseed meal. The positive priming that followed decreased with the increase in salinity.
Joséphine Hazera, David Sebag, Isabelle Kowalewski, Eric Verrecchia, Herman Ravelojaona, and Tiphaine Chevallier
Biogeosciences, 20, 5229–5242, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5229-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5229-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study adapts the Rock-Eval® protocol to quantify soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) on a non-pretreated soil aliquot. The standard protocol properly estimates SOC contents once the TOC parameter is corrected. However, it cannot complete the thermal breakdown of SIC amounts > 4 mg, leading to an underestimation of high SIC contents by the MinC parameter, even after correcting for this. Thus, the final oxidation isotherm is extended to 7 min to quantify any SIC amount.
Bo Zhao, Amin Dou, Zhiwei Zhang, Zhenyu Chen, Wenbo Sun, Yanli Feng, Xiaojuan Wang, and Qiang Wang
Biogeosciences, 20, 4761–4774, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4761-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4761-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study provided a comprehensive analysis of the spatial variability and determinants of Fe-bound organic carbon (Fe-OC) among terrestrial, wetland, and marine ecosystems and its governing factors globally. We illustrated that reactive Fe was not only an important sequestration mechanism for OC in terrestrial ecosystems but also an effective “rusty sink” of OC preservation in wetland and marine ecosystems, i.e., a key factor for long-term OC storage in global ecosystems.
Sean Fettrow, Andrew Wozniak, Holly Michael, and Angelia Seyfferth
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2627, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2627, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Salt marshes play a large role in global C storage, and C stock estimates are used to predict future changes. However, spatial and temporal gradients in C burial rates across the landscape exist due to variations in water inundation, dominant plant species and stage of growth, and tidal action. We quantified soil C concentrations in soil cores across time and space alongside several porewater biogeochemical variables and discussed the controls on variability in soil C in salt marsh ecosystems.
Han Sun, Tomoyasu Nishizawa, Hiroyuki Ohta, and Kazuhiko Narisawa
Biogeosciences, 20, 4737–4749, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4737-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4737-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this research, we assessed the diversity and function of the dark septate endophytic (DSE) fungi community associated with Miscanthus condensatus root in volcanic ecosystems. Both metabarcoding and isolation were adopted in this study. We further validated effects on plant growth by inoculation of some core DSE isolates. This study helps improve our understanding of the role of Miscanthus condensatus-associated DSE fungi during the restoration of post-volcanic ecosystems.
Xianjin He, Laurent Augusto, Daniel S. Goll, Bruno Ringeval, Ying-Ping Wang, Julian Helfenstein, Yuanyuan Huang, and Enqing Hou
Biogeosciences, 20, 4147–4163, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4147-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4147-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We identified total soil P concentration as the most important predictor of all soil P pool concentrations, except for primary mineral P concentration, which is primarily controlled by soil pH and only secondarily by total soil P concentration. We predicted soil P pools’ distributions in natural systems, which can inform assessments of the role of natural P availability for ecosystem productivity, climate change mitigation, and the functioning of the Earth system.
Imane Slimani, Xia Zhu-Barker, Patricia Lazicki, and William Horwath
Biogeosciences, 20, 3873–3894, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3873-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3873-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
There is a strong link between nitrogen availability and iron minerals in soils. These minerals have multiple outcomes for nitrogen availability depending on soil conditions and properties. For example, iron can limit microbial degradation of nitrogen in aerated soils but has opposing outcomes in non-aerated soils. This paper focuses on the multiple ways iron can affect nitrogen bioavailability in soils.
Shane W. Stoner, Marion Schrumpf, Alison Hoyt, Carlos A. Sierra, Sebastian Doetterl, Valier Galy, and Susan Trumbore
Biogeosciences, 20, 3151–3163, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Soils store more carbon (C) than any other terrestrial C reservoir, but the processes that control how much C stays in soil, and for how long, are very complex. Here, we used a recent method that involves heating soil in the lab to measure the range of C ages in soil. We found that most C in soil is decades to centuries old, while some stays for much shorter times (days to months), and some is thousands of years old. Such detail helps us to estimate how soil C may react to changing climate.
Adetunji Alex Adekanmbi, Laurence Dale, Liz Shaw, and Tom Sizmur
Biogeosciences, 20, 2207–2219, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2207-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2207-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The decomposition of soil organic matter and flux of carbon dioxide are expected to increase as temperatures rise. However, soil organic matter decomposition is a two-step process whereby large molecules are first broken down outside microbial cells and then respired within microbial cells. We show here that these two steps are not equally sensitive to increases in soil temperature and that global warming may cause a shift in the rate-limiting step from outside to inside the microbial cell.
Mercedes Román Dobarco, Alexandre M. J-C. Wadoux, Brendan Malone, Budiman Minasny, Alex B. McBratney, and Ross Searle
Biogeosciences, 20, 1559–1586, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1559-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1559-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is of a heterogeneous nature and varies in chemistry, stabilisation mechanisms, and persistence in soil. In this study we mapped the stocks of SOC fractions with different characteristics and turnover rates (presumably PyOC >= MAOC > POC) across Australia, combining spectroscopy and digital soil mapping. The SOC stocks (0–30 cm) were estimated as 13 Pg MAOC, 2 Pg POC, and 5 Pg PyOC.
Frederick Büks
Biogeosciences, 20, 1529–1535, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1529-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1529-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ultrasonication with density fractionation of soils is a commonly used method to separate soil organic matter pools, which is, e.g., important to calculate carbon turnover in landscapes. It is shown that the approach that merges soil and dense solution without mixing has a low recovery rate and causes co-extraction of parts of the retained labile pool along with the intermediate pool. An alternative method with high recovery rates and no cross-contamination was recommended.
Tino Peplau, Christopher Poeplau, Edward Gregorich, and Julia Schroeder
Biogeosciences, 20, 1063–1074, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1063-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1063-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We buried tea bags and temperature loggers in a paired-plot design in soils under forest and agricultural land and retrieved them after 2 years to quantify the effect of land-use change on soil temperature and litter decomposition in subarctic agricultural systems. We could show that agricultural soils were on average 2 °C warmer than forests and that litter decomposition was enhanced. The results imply that deforestation amplifies effects of climate change on soil organic matter dynamics.
Violeta Mendoza-Martinez, Scott L. Collins, and Jennie R. McLaren
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-41, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-41, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
We examine the impacts of multi-decadal nitrogen additions on a dryland ecosystem N budget, including the soil, microbial and plant N pools. After 26 years, there appears to be little impact on the soil microbial or plant community and only minimal increases in N pools within the soil. While perhaps encouraging from a conservation standpoint, we calculate that greater than 95 % of the nitrogen added to the system is not retained and is instead either lost deeper in the soil or emitted as gas.
Joseph Okello, Marijn Bauters, Hans Verbeeck, Samuel Bodé, John Kasenene, Astrid Françoys, Till Engelhardt, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Ralf Kiese, and Pascal Boeckx
Biogeosciences, 20, 719–735, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-719-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-719-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The increase in global and regional temperatures has the potential to drive accelerated soil organic carbon losses in tropical forests. We simulated climate warming by translocating intact soil cores from higher to lower elevations. The results revealed increasing temperature sensitivity and decreasing losses of soil organic carbon with increasing elevation. Our results suggest that climate warming may trigger enhanced losses of soil organic carbon from tropical montane forests.
Johanna Pihlblad, Louise C. Andresen, Catriona A. Macdonald, David S. Ellsworth, and Yolima Carrillo
Biogeosciences, 20, 505–521, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-505-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-505-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Elevated CO2 in the atmosphere increases forest biomass productivity when growth is not limited by soil nutrients. This study explores how mature trees stimulate soil availability of nitrogen and phosphorus with free-air carbon dioxide enrichment after 5 years of fumigation. We found that both nutrient availability and processes feeding available pools increased in the rhizosphere, and phosphorus increased at depth. This appears to not be by decomposition but by faster recycling of nutrients.
Rodrigo Vargas and Van Huong Le
Biogeosciences, 20, 15–26, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-15-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-15-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Quantifying the role of soils in nature-based solutions requires accurate estimates of soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes. We suggest that multiple GHG fluxes should not be simultaneously measured at a few fixed time intervals, but an optimized sampling approach can reduce bias and uncertainty. Our results have implications for assessing GHG fluxes from soils and a better understanding of the role of soils in nature-based solutions.
Kristine Karstens, Benjamin Leon Bodirsky, Jan Philipp Dietrich, Marta Dondini, Jens Heinke, Matthias Kuhnert, Christoph Müller, Susanne Rolinski, Pete Smith, Isabelle Weindl, Hermann Lotze-Campen, and Alexander Popp
Biogeosciences, 19, 5125–5149, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5125-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5125-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic carbon (SOC) has been depleted by anthropogenic land cover change and agricultural management. While SOC models often simulate detailed biochemical processes, the management decisions are still little investigated at the global scale. We estimate that soils have lost around 26 GtC relative to a counterfactual natural state in 1975. Yet, since 1975, SOC has been increasing again by 4 GtC due to a higher productivity, recycling of crop residues and manure, and no-tillage practices.
Petri Kiuru, Marjo Palviainen, Arianna Marchionne, Tiia Grönholm, Maarit Raivonen, Lukas Kohl, and Annamari Laurén
Biogeosciences, 19, 5041–5058, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5041-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5041-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Peatlands are large carbon stocks. Emissions of carbon dioxide and methane from peatlands may increase due to changes in management and climate. We studied the variation in the gas diffusivity of peat with depth using pore network simulations and laboratory experiments. Gas diffusivity was found to be lower in deeper peat with smaller pores and lower pore connectivity. However, gas diffusivity was not extremely low in wet conditions, which may reflect the distinctive structure of peat.
Giuseppe Cipolla, Salvatore Calabrese, Amilcare Porporato, and Leonardo V. Noto
Biogeosciences, 19, 3877–3896, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3877-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3877-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Enhanced weathering (EW) is a promising strategy for carbon sequestration. Since models may help to characterize field EW, the present work applies a hydro-biogeochemical model to four case studies characterized by different rainfall seasonality, vegetation and soil type. Rainfall seasonality strongly affects EW dynamics, but low carbon sequestration suggests that an in-depth analysis at the global scale is required to see if EW may be effective to mitigate climate change.
Vao Fenotiana Razanamahandry, Marjolein Dewaele, Gerard Govers, Liesa Brosens, Benjamin Campforts, Liesbet Jacobs, Tantely Razafimbelo, Tovonarivo Rafolisy, and Steven Bouillon
Biogeosciences, 19, 3825–3841, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3825-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3825-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In order to shed light on possible past vegetation shifts in the Central Highlands of Madagascar, we measured stable isotope ratios of organic carbon in soil profiles along both forested and grassland hillslope transects in the Lake Alaotra region. Our results show that the landscape of this region was more forested in the past: soils in the C4-dominated grasslands contained a substantial fraction of C3-derived carbon, increasing with depth.
Katherine E. O. Todd-Brown, Rose Z. Abramoff, Jeffrey Beem-Miller, Hava K. Blair, Stevan Earl, Kristen J. Frederick, Daniel R. Fuka, Mario Guevara Santamaria, Jennifer W. Harden, Katherine Heckman, Lillian J. Heran, James R. Holmquist, Alison M. Hoyt, David H. Klinges, David S. LeBauer, Avni Malhotra, Shelby C. McClelland, Lucas E. Nave, Katherine S. Rocci, Sean M. Schaeffer, Shane Stoner, Natasja van Gestel, Sophie F. von Fromm, and Marisa L. Younger
Biogeosciences, 19, 3505–3522, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3505-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3505-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Research data are becoming increasingly available online with tantalizing possibilities for reanalysis. However harmonizing data from different sources remains challenging. Using the soils community as an example, we walked through the various strategies that researchers currently use to integrate datasets for reanalysis. We find that manual data transcription is still extremely common and that there is a critical need for community-supported informatics tools like vocabularies and ontologies.
Alessandro Montemagno, Christophe Hissler, Victor Bense, Adriaan J. Teuling, Johanna Ziebel, and Laurent Pfister
Biogeosciences, 19, 3111–3129, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3111-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3111-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the biogeochemical processes that dominate the release and retention of elements (nutrients and potentially toxic elements) during litter degradation. Our results show that toxic elements are retained in the litter, while nutrients are released in solution during the first stages of degradation. This seems linked to the capability of trees to distribute the elements between degradation-resistant and non-degradation-resistant compounds of leaves according to their chemical nature.
Laura Sereni, Bertrand Guenet, Charlotte Blasi, Olivier Crouzet, Jean-Christophe Lata, and Isabelle Lamy
Biogeosciences, 19, 2953–2968, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2953-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2953-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study focused on the modellisation of two important drivers of soil greenhouse gas emissions: soil contamination and soil moisture change. The aim was to include a Cu function in the soil biogeochemical model DNDC for different soil moisture conditions and then to estimate variation in N2O, NO2 or NOx emissions. Our results show a larger effect of Cu on N2 and N2O emissions than on the other nitrogen species and a higher effect for the soils incubated under constant constant moisture.
Marie Spohn and Johan Stendahl
Biogeosciences, 19, 2171–2186, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2171-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2171-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We explored the ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) of organic matter in Swedish forest soils. The N : P ratio of the organic layer was most strongly related to the mean annual temperature, while the C : N ratios of the organic layer and mineral soil were strongly related to tree species even in the subsoil. The organic P concentration in the mineral soil was strongly affected by soil texture, which diminished the effect of tree species on the C to organic P (C : OP) ratio.
Moritz Mainka, Laura Summerauer, Daniel Wasner, Gina Garland, Marco Griepentrog, Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, and Sebastian Doetterl
Biogeosciences, 19, 1675–1689, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1675-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1675-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The largest share of terrestrial carbon is stored in soils, making them highly relevant as regards global change. Yet, the mechanisms governing soil carbon stabilization are not well understood. The present study contributes to a better understanding of these processes. We show that qualitative changes in soil organic matter (SOM) co-vary with alterations of the soil matrix following soil weathering. Hence, the type of SOM that is stabilized in soils might change as soils develop.
Jasmin Fetzer, Emmanuel Frossard, Klaus Kaiser, and Frank Hagedorn
Biogeosciences, 19, 1527–1546, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1527-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1527-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As leaching is a major pathway of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in forest soils, we investigated several potential drivers in two contrasting beech forests. The composition of leachates, obtained by zero-tension lysimeters, varied by season, and climatic extremes influenced the magnitude of leaching. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization varied with soil nutrient status and sorption properties, and leaching from the low-nutrient soil was more sensitive to environmental factors.
Karis J. McFarlane, Heather M. Throckmorton, Jeffrey M. Heikoop, Brent D. Newman, Alexandra L. Hedgpeth, Marisa N. Repasch, Thomas P. Guilderson, and Cathy J. Wilson
Biogeosciences, 19, 1211–1223, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1211-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1211-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Planetary warming is increasing seasonal thaw of permafrost, making this extensive old carbon stock vulnerable. In northern Alaska, we found more and older dissolved organic carbon in small drainages later in summer as more permafrost was exposed by deepening thaw. Younger and older carbon did not differ in chemical indicators related to biological lability suggesting this carbon can cycle through aquatic systems and contribute to greenhouse gas emissions as warming increases permafrost thaw.
Pengzhi Zhao, Daniel Joseph Fallu, Sara Cucchiaro, Paolo Tarolli, Clive Waddington, David Cockcroft, Lisa Snape, Andreas Lang, Sebastian Doetterl, Antony G. Brown, and Kristof Van Oost
Biogeosciences, 18, 6301–6312, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6301-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6301-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the factors controlling the soil organic carbon (SOC) stability and temperature sensitivity of abandoned prehistoric agricultural terrace soils. Results suggest that the burial of former topsoil due to terracing provided an SOC stabilization mechanism. Both the soil C : N ratio and SOC mineral protection regulate soil SOC temperature sensitivity. However, which mechanism predominantly controls SOC temperature sensitivity depends on the age of the buried terrace soils.
Heleen Deroo, Masuda Akter, Samuel Bodé, Orly Mendoza, Haichao Li, Pascal Boeckx, and Steven Sleutel
Biogeosciences, 18, 5035–5051, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5035-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5035-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We assessed if and how incorporation of exogenous organic carbon (OC) such as straw could affect decomposition of native soil organic carbon (SOC) under different irrigation regimes. Addition of exogenous OC promoted dissolution of native SOC, partly because of increased Fe reduction, leading to more net release of Fe-bound SOC. Yet, there was no proportionate priming of SOC-derived DOC mineralisation. Water-saving irrigation can retard both priming of SOC dissolution and mineralisation.
Frances A. Podrebarac, Sharon A. Billings, Kate A. Edwards, Jérôme Laganière, Matthew J. Norwood, and Susan E. Ziegler
Biogeosciences, 18, 4755–4772, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4755-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4755-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Soil respiration is a large and temperature-responsive flux in the global carbon cycle. We found increases in microbial use of easy to degrade substrates enhanced the temperature response of respiration in soils layered as they are in situ. This enhanced response is consistent with soil composition differences in warm relative to cold climate forests. These results highlight the importance of the intact nature of soils rarely studied in regulating responses of CO2 fluxes to changing temperature.
Elisa Bruni, Bertrand Guenet, Yuanyuan Huang, Hugues Clivot, Iñigo Virto, Roberta Farina, Thomas Kätterer, Philippe Ciais, Manuel Martin, and Claire Chenu
Biogeosciences, 18, 3981–4004, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3981-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3981-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks is beneficial for climate change mitigation and food security. One way to enhance SOC stocks is to increase carbon input to the soil. We estimate the amount of carbon input required to reach a 4 % annual increase in SOC stocks in 14 long-term agricultural experiments around Europe. We found that annual carbon input should increase by 43 % under current temperature conditions, by 54 % for a 1 °C warming scenario and by 120 % for a 5 °C warming scenario.
Rainer Brumme, Bernd Ahrends, Joachim Block, Christoph Schulz, Henning Meesenburg, Uwe Klinck, Markus Wagner, and Partap K. Khanna
Biogeosciences, 18, 3763–3779, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3763-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3763-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In order to study the fate of litter nitrogen in forest soils, we combined a leaf litterfall exchange experiment using 15N-labeled leaf litter with long-term element budgets at seven European beech sites in Germany. It appears that fructification intensity, which has increased in recent decades, has a distinct impact on N retention in forest soils. Despite reduced nitrogen deposition, about 6 and 10 kg ha−1 of nitrogen were retained annually in the soils and in the forest stands, respectively.
Lorenz Gfeller, Andrea Weber, Isabelle Worms, Vera I. Slaveykova, and Adrien Mestrot
Biogeosciences, 18, 3445–3465, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3445-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3445-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Our incubation experiment shows that flooding of polluted floodplain soils may induce pulses of both mercury (Hg) and methylmercury to the soil solution and threaten downstream ecosystems. We demonstrate that mobilization of Hg bound to manganese oxides is a relevant process in organic-matter-poor soils. Addition of organic amendments accelerates this mobilization but also facilitates the formation of nanoparticulate Hg and the subsequent fixation of Hg from soil solution to the soil.
Yao Zhang, Jocelyn M. Lavallee, Andy D. Robertson, Rebecca Even, Stephen M. Ogle, Keith Paustian, and M. Francesca Cotrufo
Biogeosciences, 18, 3147–3171, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3147-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3147-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic matter (SOM) is essential for the health of soils, and the accumulation of SOM helps removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. Here we present the result of the continued development of a mathematical model that simulates SOM and its measurable fractions. In this study, we simulated several grassland sites in the US, and the model generally captured the carbon and nitrogen amounts in SOM and their distribution between the measurable fractions throughout the entire soil profile.
Zhongkui Luo, Raphael A. Viscarra-Rossel, and Tian Qian
Biogeosciences, 18, 2063–2073, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2063-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2063-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Using the data from 141 584 whole-soil profiles across the globe, we disentangled the relative importance of biotic, climatic and edaphic variables in controlling global SOC stocks. The results suggested that soil properties and climate contributed similarly to the explained global variance of SOC in four sequential soil layers down to 2 m. However, the most important individual controls are consistently soil-related, challenging current climate-driven framework of SOC dynamics.
Debjani Sihi, Xiaofeng Xu, Mónica Salazar Ortiz, Christine S. O'Connell, Whendee L. Silver, Carla López-Lloreda, Julia M. Brenner, Ryan K. Quinn, Jana R. Phillips, Brent D. Newman, and Melanie A. Mayes
Biogeosciences, 18, 1769–1786, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1769-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1769-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Humid tropical soils are important sources and sinks of methane. We used model simulation to understand how different kinds of microbes and observed soil moisture and oxygen dynamics contribute to production and consumption of methane along a wet tropical hillslope during normal and drought conditions. Drought alters the diffusion of oxygen and microbial substrates into and out of soil microsites, resulting in enhanced methane release from the entire hillslope during drought recovery.
Mathieu Chassé, Suzanne Lutfalla, Lauric Cécillon, François Baudin, Samuel Abiven, Claire Chenu, and Pierre Barré
Biogeosciences, 18, 1703–1718, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1703-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1703-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Evolution of organic carbon content in soils could be a major driver of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations over the next century. Understanding factors controlling carbon persistence in soil is a challenge. Our study of unique long-term bare-fallow samples, depleted in labile organic carbon, helps improve the separation, evaluation and characterization of carbon pools with distinct residence time in soils and gives insight into the mechanisms explaining soil organic carbon persistence.
Melisa A. Diaz, Christopher B. Gardner, Susan A. Welch, W. Andrew Jackson, Byron J. Adams, Diana H. Wall, Ian D. Hogg, Noah Fierer, and W. Berry Lyons
Biogeosciences, 18, 1629–1644, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1629-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1629-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Water-soluble salt and nutrient concentrations of soils collected along the Shackleton Glacier, Antarctica, show distinct geochemical gradients related to latitude, longitude, elevation, soil moisture, and distance from coast and glacier. Machine learning algorithms were used to estimate geochemical gradients for the region given the relationship with geography. Geography and surface exposure age drive salt and nutrient abundances, influencing invertebrate habitat suitability and biogeography.
Marion Schrumpf, Klaus Kaiser, Allegra Mayer, Günter Hempel, and Susan Trumbore
Biogeosciences, 18, 1241–1257, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1241-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1241-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A large amount of organic carbon (OC) in soil is protected against decay by bonding to minerals. We studied the release of mineral-bonded OC by NaF–NaOH extraction and H2O2 oxidation. Unexpectedly, extraction and oxidation removed mineral-bonded OC at roughly constant portions and of similar age distributions, irrespective of mineral composition, land use, and soil depth. The results suggest uniform modes of interactions between OC and minerals across soils in quasi-steady state with inputs.
Lena Rohe, Bernd Apelt, Hans-Jörg Vogel, Reinhard Well, Gi-Mick Wu, and Steffen Schlüter
Biogeosciences, 18, 1185–1201, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1185-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1185-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Total denitrification, i.e. N2O and (N2O + N2) fluxes, of repacked soil cores were analysed for different combinations of soils and water contents. Prediction accuracy of (N2O + N2) fluxes was highest with combined proxies for oxygen demand (CO2 flux) and oxygen supply (anaerobic soil volume fraction). Knowledge of denitrification completeness (product ratio) improved N2O predictions. Substitutions with cheaper proxies (soil organic matter, empirical diffusivity) reduced prediction accuracy.
Severin-Luca Bellè, Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, Frank Hagedorn, Cristina Santin, Marcus Schiedung, Ilja van Meerveld, and Samuel Abiven
Biogeosciences, 18, 1105–1126, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1105-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1105-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Controls of pyrogenic carbon (PyC) redistribution under rainfall are largely unknown. However, PyC mobility can be substantial after initial rain in post-fire landscapes. We conducted a controlled simulation experiment on plots where PyC was applied on the soil surface. We identified redistribution of PyC by runoff and splash and vertical movement in the soil depending on soil texture and PyC characteristics (material and size). PyC also induced changes in exports of native soil organic carbon.
Michael Rinderer, Jaane Krüger, Friederike Lang, Heike Puhlmann, and Markus Weiler
Biogeosciences, 18, 1009–1027, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1009-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1009-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We quantified the lateral and vertical subsurface flow (SSF) and P concentrations of three beech forest plots with contrasting soil properties during sprinkling experiments. Vertical SSF was 2 orders of magnitude larger than lateral SSF, and both consisted mainly of pre-event water. P concentrations in SSF were high during the first 1 to 2 h (nutrient flushing) but nearly constant thereafter. This suggests that P in the soil solution was replenished fast by mineral or organic sources.
Kirsty C. Paterson, Joanna M. Cloy, Robert M. Rees, Elizabeth M. Baggs, Hugh Martineau, Dario Fornara, Andrew J. Macdonald, and Sarah Buckingham
Biogeosciences, 18, 605–620, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-605-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-605-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic carbon sequestration across agroecosystems worldwide can contribute to mitigating the effects of climate change by reducing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The maximum carbon sequestration potential is frequently estimated using the linear regression equation developed by Hassink (1997). This work examines the suitability of this equation for use in grasslands across the United Kingdom. The results highlight the need to ensure the fit of equations to the soils being studied.
Hannah Gies, Frank Hagedorn, Maarten Lupker, Daniel Montluçon, Negar Haghipour, Tessa Sophia van der Voort, and Timothy Ian Eglinton
Biogeosciences, 18, 189–205, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-189-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-189-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding controls on the persistence of organic matter in soils is essential to constrain its role in the carbon cycle. Emerging concepts suggest that the soil carbon pool is predominantly comprised of stabilized microbial residues. To test this hypothesis we isolated microbial membrane lipids from two Swiss soil profiles and measured their radiocarbon age. We find that the ages of these compounds are in the range of millenia and thus provide evidence for stabilized microbial mass in soils.
Frederick Büks, Gilles Kayser, Antonia Zieger, Friederike Lang, and Martin Kaupenjohann
Biogeosciences, 18, 159–167, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-159-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-159-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Ultrasonication/density fractionation is a common method used to extract particulate organic matter (POM) and, recently, microplastic (MP) from soil samples. In this study, ultrasonic treatment with mechanical stress increasing from 0 to 500 J mL−1 caused comminution and a reduced recovery rate of soil-derived POMs but no such effects with MP particles. In consequence, the extraction of MP from soils is not affected by particle size and recovery rate artifacts.
Hang Wen, Pamela L. Sullivan, Gwendolyn L. Macpherson, Sharon A. Billings, and Li Li
Biogeosciences, 18, 55–75, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-55-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-55-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Carbonate weathering is essential in regulating carbon cycle at the century timescale. Plant roots accelerate weathering by elevating soil CO2 via respiration. It however remains poorly understood how and how much rooting characteristics modify flow paths and weathering. This work indicates that deepening roots in woodlands can enhance carbonate weathering by promoting recharge and CO2–carbonate contact in the deep, carbonate-abundant subsurface.
Marcus Schiedung, Severin-Luca Bellè, Gabriel Sigmund, Karsten Kalbitz, and Samuel Abiven
Biogeosciences, 17, 6457–6474, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6457-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6457-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The mobility of pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) in soils is largely unknow, while it is a major and persistent component of the soil organic matter. With a soil column experiment, we identified that only a small proportion of PyOM can migrate through the soil, but its export is continuous. Aging and associated oxidation increase its mobility but also its retention in soils. Further, PyOM can alter the vertical mobility of native soil organic carbon during its downward migration.
Cited articles
Achilles, F., Tischer, A., Bernhardt-Römermann, M., Heinze, M., Reinhardt, F., Makeschin, F., and Michalzik, B.: European beech leads to more bioactive humus forms but stronger mineral soil acidification as Norway spruce and Scots pine – Results of a repeated site assessment after 63 and 82 years of forest conversion in Central Germany, Forest Ecol. Manag., 483, 118769, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118769, 2020.
Adams, M. B., Kelly, C., Kabrick, J., and Schuler, J.: Temperate forests and soils, Chap. 6, in: Global Change and Forest Soils: Cultivating stewardship of a finite natural resource. Developments in Soil Science, edited by: Busse, M., Giardina, C. P., Morris, D. M., and Page, D. D. S., Elsevier, 36, 83–108, https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63998-1.00006-9, 2019.
Akinyede, R., Taubert, M., Schrumpf, M., Trumbore, S., and Küsel, K.: Rates of dark CO2 fixation are driven by microbial biomass in a temperate forest soil, Soil Biol. Biochem., 150, 107950, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107950, 2020.
Akinyede, R., Taubert, M., Schrumpf, M., Trumbore, S., and Küsel, K.: Dark CO2 fixation in temperate beech and pine forest soils, Soil Biol. Biochem., 165, 108526, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108526, 2022a.
Akinyede, R., Taubert, M., Schrumpf, M., Trumbore, S., and Küsel, K.: Temperature sensitivity of dark CO2 fixation in temperate forest soils, Edmond V1 [data set], https://doi.org/10.17617/3.EFHWIY, 2022b.
Alfreider, A., Vogt, C., Hoffmann, D., and Babel, W.: Diversity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large-subunit genes from groundwater and aquifer microorganisms, Microb. Ecol., 45, 317–328, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-003-2004-9, 2003.
Alfreider, A., Schirmer, M., and Vogt, C.: Diversity and expression of different forms of RubisCO genes in polluted groundwater under different redox conditions, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 79, 649–660, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01246.x, 2012.
Alfreider, A., Grimus, V., Luger, M., Ekblad, A., Salcher, M. M., and Summerer, M.: Autotrophic carbon fixation strategies used by nitrifying prokaryotes in freshwater lakes, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 94, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiy163, 2018.
Ali, R. S., Poll, C., and Kandeler, E.: Soil Properties Control Microbial Carbon Assimilation and Its Mean Residence Time, Frontiers in Environmental Science, 8, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2020.00033, 2020.
Arrhenius, S.: Über die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit bei der Inversion von Rohrzucker durch Säuren, Z. Phys. Chem., 4, 226–248, 1889.
Barbera, P., Kozlov, A. M., Czech, L., Morel, B., Darriba, D., Flouri, T., and Stamatakis, A.: EPA-ng: Massively Parallel Evolutionary Placement of Genetic Sequences, Syst. Biol., 68, 365–369, https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syy054, 2019.
Berg, I. A.: Ecological aspects of the distribution of different autotrophic CO2 fixation pathways, Appl. Environ. Microb., 77, 1925–1936, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02473-10, 2011.
Beulig, F., Urich, T., Nowak, M., Trumbore, S. E., Gleixner, G., Gilfillan, G. D., Fjelland, K. E., and Küsel, K.: Altered carbon turnover processes and microbiomes in soils under long-term extremely high CO2 exposure, Nat. Microbiol., 1, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1038/nmicrobiol.2015.25, 2016.
Bitton, G., Henis, Y., and Lahav, N.: Influence of clay minerals, humic acid and bacterial capsular polysaccharide on the survival of Klebsiella aerogenes exposed to drying and heating in soils, Plant Soil, 45, 65–74, 1976.
Bormann, H.: Analysis of the suitability of the German soil texture classification for the regional scale application of physical based hydrological model, Adv. Geosci., 11, 7–13, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-11-7-2007, 2007.
Braun, A., Spona-Friedl, M., Avramov, M., Elsner, M., Baltar, F., Reinthaler, T., Herndl, G. J., and Griebler, C.: Reviews and syntheses: Heterotrophic fixation of inorganic carbon – significant but invisible flux in environmental carbon cycling, Biogeosciences, 18, 3689–3700, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3689-2021, 2021.
Brock, T. D., Madigan, M. T., Martinko, J. P., and Parker, J. (Eds.): Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 10th Edn., Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 565–575, ISBN 0-13-049147-0, 2003.
Cheng, W.: Rhizosphere priming effect: Its functional relationships with microbial turnover, evapotranspiration, and C-N budgets, Soil Biol. Biochem., 41, 1795–1801, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.04.018, 2009.
Conant, R. T., Drijber, R. A., Haddix, M. L., Parton, W. J., Paul, E. A., Plante, A. F., Six, J., and Steinweg, M. J.: Sensitivity of organic matter decomposition to warming varies with its quality, Glob. Change Biol., 14, 868–877, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01541.x, 2008.
Coplen, T. B., Brand, W. A., Gehre, M., Gröning, M., Meljer, L. H. A. J., Toman, B., and Verkouteren, R. M.: New Guidelines for delta 13C Measurements, Anal. Chem., 78, 2439–2441, 2006.
Czech, L. and Stamatakis, A.: Scalable methods for analyzing and visualizing phylogenetic placement of metagenomic samples, PLoS ONE, 14, 1–50, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217050, 2019.
Daims, H., Brühl, A., Amann, R., Schleifer, K.-H., and Wagner, M.: The domain-specific probe EUB338 is insufficient for the detection of all Bacteria: development and evaluation of a more comprehensive probe set, Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 22, 434–444, 1999.
Davidson, E. A. and Janssens, I. A.: Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change, Nature, 440, 165–173, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04514, 2006.
DeAngelis, K. M., Pold, G., Topçuoglu, B. D., van Diepen, L. T. A., Varney, R. M., Blanchard, J. L., Melillo, J., and Frey, S. D.: Long-term forest soil warming alters microbial communities in temperate forest soils, Front. Microbiol., 6, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00104, 2015.
Ding, X., Chen, S., Zhang, B., Liang, C., He, H., and Horwath, W. R.: Warming increases microbial residue contribution to soil organic carbon in an alpine meadow, Soil Biol. Biochem., 135, 13–19, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.04.004, 2019.
Dossa, G. G. O., Paudel, E., Wang, H., Cao, K., Schaefer, D., and Harrison, R. D.: Correct calculation of CO2 efflux using a closed-chamber linked to a non-dispersive infrared gas analyzer, Methods Ecol. Evol., 6, 1435–1442, https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12451, 2015.
Douglas, G. M., Maffei, V. J., Zaneveld, J. R., Yurgel, S. N., James, R., Taylor, C. M., Huttenhower, C., and Langille, M. G. I.: PICRUSt2 for prediction of metagenome functions, Nat. Biotechnol, 38, 685–688, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-020-0548-6, 2020.
Dreiss, L. M. and Volin, J. C.: Forests: temperate evergreen and deciduous, in: Encyclopedia of Natural Resources – Land – Volume 1, edited by: Yeqiao, W., 1st Edn., CRC Press, 214–223, ISBN 9780203757628, 2014.
Eckelmann, W., Sponagel, H., Grottenthaler, W., Hartmann, K.-J., Hartwich, R., Janetzko, P., Joisten, H., Kühn, D., Sabel, K.-J. and Traidl, R. (Eds.): Bodenkundliche Kartieranleitung, KA5, 5th Edn., Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, ISBN 978-3-510-95804-7, 2006.
Edgar, R. C., Haas, B. J., Clemente, J. C., Quince, C., and Knight, R.: UCHIME improves sensitivity and speed of chimera detection, Bioinformatics, 27, 2194–2200, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btr381, 2011.
Elliott, E. T., Anderson, R. V., Coleman, D. C., and Cole, C. V.: Habitable Pore Space and Microbial Trophic Interaction, Oikos, 35, 327–335, https://doi.org/10.2307/3544648, 1980.
Erb, T. J.: Carboxylases in natural and synthetic microbial pathways, Appl. Environ. Microb., 77, 8466–8477, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.05702-11, 2011.
Fan, T. W. M., Lane, A. N., Chekmenev, E., Wittebort, R. J., and Higashi, R. M.: Synthesis and physicochemical properties of peptides in soil humic substances, J. Pept. Res., 63, 253–264, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3011.2004.00142.x, 2004.
Fang, C., Smith, P., Moncrieff, J. B., and Smith, J. U.: Similar response of labile and resistant soil organic matter pools to changes in temperature, Nature, 433, 57–59, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04044, 2005.
Frey, S. D., Drijber, R., Smith, H., and Melillo, J.: Microbial biomass, functional capacity, and community structure after 12 years of soil warming, Soil Biol. Biochem., 40, 2904–2907, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.07.020, 2008.
Geyer, K., Schnecker, J., Grandy, A. S., Richter, A., and Frey, S.: Assessing microbial residues in soil as a potential carbon sink and moderator of carbon use efficiency, Biogeochemistry, 151, 237–249, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-020-00720-4, 2020.
Graser, H.: Die Bewirtschaftung des erzgebirgischen Fichtenwaldes, Erster Band, Hofbuchhandlung H. Burdach, Dresden, 1928.
Gregorich, E. G., Voroney, R. P., and Kachanoski, R. G.: Turnover of carbon through the microbial biomass in soils with different texture, Soil Biol. Biochem., 23, 799–805, https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(91)90152-A, 1991.
Hagerty, S. B., Van Groenigen, K. J., Allison, S. D., Hungate, B. A., Schwartz, E., Koch, G. W., Kolka, R. K., and Dijkstra, P.: Accelerated microbial turnover but constant growth efficiency with warming in soil, Nat. Clim. Change, 4, 903–906, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2361, 2014.
Herrmann, M., Hädrich, A., and Küsel, K.: Predominance of thaumarchaeal ammonia oxidizer abundance and transcriptional activity in an acidic fen, Environ. Microbiol., 14, 3013–3025, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02882.x, 2012.
Herrmann, M., Rusznyák, A., Akob, D. M., Schulze, I., Opitz, S., Totsche, K. U., and Küsel, K.: Large fractions of CO2-fixing microorganisms in pristine limestone aquifers appear to be involved in the oxidation of reduced sulfur and nitrogen compounds, Appl. Environ. Microb., 81, 2384–2394, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03269-14, 2015.
Hicks Pries, C. E., Castanha, C., Porras, R., Phillips, C., and Torn, M. S.: The whole-soil carbon flux in response to warming, Science, 355, 1420–1423, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao0457, 2017.
Hooper, A. B. and DiSpirito, A. A.: Chemolithotrophy, Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry, 1, 486–492, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-378630-2.00219-X, 2013.
Huang, X., Duan, C., Yu, J., and Dong, W.: Transforming heterotrophic to autotrophic denitrification process: Insights into microbial community, interspecific interaction and nitrogen metabolism, Bioresource Technol., 345, 126471, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126471, 2022.
Hugelius, G., Strauss, J., Zubrzycki, S., Harden, J. W., Schuur, E. A. G., Ping, C.-L., Schirrmeister, L., Grosse, G., Michaelson, G. J., Koven, C. D., O'Donnell, J. A., Elberling, B., Mishra, U., Camill, P., Yu, Z., Palmtag, J., and Kuhry, P.: Estimated stocks of circumpolar permafrost carbon with quantified uncertainty ranges and identified data gaps, Biogeosciences, 11, 6573–6593, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6573-2014, 2014.
Hügler, M. and Sievert, S. M.: Beyond the Calvin Cycle: Autotrophic Carbon Fixation in the Ocean, Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci., 3, 261–289, https://doi.org/10.1306/06210404037, 2011.
In't Zandt, M. H., de Jong, A. E., Slomp, C. P., and Jetten, M. S.: The hunt for the most-wanted chemolithoautotrophic spookmicrobes, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 94, 1–17, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiy064, 2018.
IPCC: Summary for Policymakers, in: Climate Change – The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Stocker, T. F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen, S. K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., and Midgley, P. M., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 20–23, https://selectra.co.uk/sites/selectra.co.uk/files/pdf/Climate%20change%202013.pdf (last access: 25 August 2022), 2013.
IUSS Working Group WRB: World reference base for soil resources 2014, updated 2015, International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps, World Soil Resources Reports No. 106, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479706394902, 2015.
Jakoby, G., Rog, I., Megidish, S., and Klein, T.: Enhanced root exudation of mature broadleaf and conifer trees in a Mediterranean forest during the dry season, Tree Physiol., 40, 1595–1605, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaa092, 2020.
Jobbágy, E. G. and Jackson, R. B.: The vertical distribution of soil organic carbon and its relation to climate and vegetation, Ecol. Appl., 10, 423–436, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0423:TVDOSO]2.0.CO;2, 2000.
Joergensen, R. G. and Mueller, T.: The fumigation-extraction method to estimate soil microbial biomass: Calibration of the kEN value, Soil Biol. Biochem., 28, 33–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(95)00101-8, 1996.
Joergensen, R. G., Brookes, P. C., and Jenkinson, D. S.: Survival of the soil microbial biomass at elevated temperatures, Soil Biol. Biochem., 22, 1129–1136, https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(90)90039-3, 1990.
Joergensen, R. G., Wu, J., and Brookes, P. C.: Measuring soil microbial biomass using an automated procedure, Soil Biol. Biochem., 43, 873–876, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.09.024, 2011.
Jommi, C. and Della Vecchia, G.: Fabric and clay activity in soil water retention behaviour, E3S Web Conf., 9, 04022, https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20160904002, 2016.
Jones, R. M., Goordial, J. M., and Orcutt, B. N.: Low energy subsurface environments as extraterrestrial analogs, Front. Microbiol., 9, 1–18, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01605, 2018.
Kaiser, K., Wemheuer, B., Korolkow, V., Wemheuer, F., Nacke, H., Schöning, I., Schrumpf, M., and Daniel, R.: Driving forces of soil bacterial community structure, diversity, and function in temperate grasslands and forests, Sci. Rep.-UK, 6, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep33696, 2016.
Kästner, M., Miltner, A., Thiele-Bruhn, S., and Liang, C.: Microbial Necromass in Soils – Linking Microbes to Soil Processes and Carbon Turnover, Frontiers in Environmental Science, 9, 1–18, https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.756378, 2021.
Klindworth, A., Pruesse, E., Schweer, T., Peplies, J., Quast, C., Horn, M., and Glöckner, F. O.: Evaluation of general 16S ribosomal RNA gene PCR primers for classical and next-generation sequencing-based diversity studies, Nucleic Acids Res., 41, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks808, 2013.
Lal, R.: Soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change, Geoderma, 123, 1–22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.01.032, 2004.
Leifeld, J. and Fuhrer, J.: The temperature response of CO2 production from bulk soils and soil fractions is related to soil organic matter quality, Biogeochemistry, 75, 433–453, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-005-2237-4, 2005.
Li, B., Li, Z., Sun, X., Wang, Q., Xiao, E., and Sun, W.: DNA-SIP Reveals the Diversity of Chemolithoautotrophic Bacteria Inhabiting Three Different Soil Types in Typical Karst Rocky Desertification Ecosystems in Southwest China, Microb. Ecol., 76, 976–990, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-018-1196-y, 2018.
Li, H., Yang, S., Semenov, M. V., Yao, F., Ye, J., Bu, R., Ma, R., Lin, J., Kurganova, I., Wang, X., Deng, Y., Kravchenko, I., Jiang, Y., and Kuzyakov, Y.: Temperature sensitivity of SOM decomposition is linked with a K-selected microbial community, Glob. Change Biol., 27, 2763–2779, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15593, 2021.
Li, J., Wang, G., Mayes, M. A., Allison, S. D., Frey, S. D., Shi, Z., Hu, X. M., Luo, Y., and Melillo, J. M.: Reduced carbon use efficiency and increased microbial turnover with soil warming, Glob. Change Biol., 25, 900–910, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14517, 2019.
Liu, Z., Sun, Y., Zhang, Y., Feng, W., Lai, Z., Fa, K., and Qin, S.: Metagenomic and 13C tracing evidence for autotrophic atmospheric carbon absorption in a semiarid desert, Soil Biol. Biochem., 125, 156–166, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.07.012, 2018.
Lladó, S., López-Mondéjar, R., and Baldrian, P.: Forest Soil Bacteria: Diversity, Involvement in Ecosystem Processes, and Response to Global Change, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. R., 81, 1–27, https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00063-16, 2017.
Long, X. E., Yao, H., Wang, J., Huang, Y., Singh, B. K., and Zhu, Y. G.: Community Structure and Soil pH Determine Chemoautotrophic Carbon Dioxide Fixation in Drained Paddy Soils, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 7152–7160, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b00506, 2015.
Loy, A., Lehner, A., Lee, N., Adamczyk, J., Meier, H., Ernst, J., Schleifer, K. H., and Wagner, M.: Oligonucleotide microarray for 16S rRNA gene-based detection of all recognized lineages of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes in the environment, Appl. Environ. Microb., 68, 5064–5081, 2002.
Madigan, M. T., Martinko, J. M., Bender, K. S., Buckley, D. H., and Stahl, D. A. (Eds.): Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 14th Edn., Pearson Education, Inc, 79–83, ISBN 978-0-321-89739-8, 2015.
Martens, R.: Current methods for measuring microbial biomass C in soil: Potentials and limitations, Biol. Fert. Soils, 19, 87–99, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00336142, 1995.
Martin, J., Filip, Z., and Haider, K.: Effect of Montmorillontte and Humate on Growth and Metabolic Activity of Some, Soil Biol. Biochem., 8, 409–413, 1976.
Meisner, A., Jacquiod, S., Snoek, B. L., Ten Hooven, F. C., and van der Putten, W. H.: Drought legacy effects on the composition of soil fungal and prokaryote communities, Front. Microbiol., 9, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00294, 2018.
Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Aber, J. D., Newkirk, K., Lux, H., Bowles, F. P., Catricala, C., Magill, A., Ahrens, T., and Morrisseau, S.: Soil warming and carbon-cycle feedbacks to the climate system, Science, 298, 2173–2176, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1074153, 2002.
Melillo, J. M., Butler, S., Johnson, J., Mohan, J., Steudler, P., Lux, H., Burrows, E., Bowles, F., Smith, R., Scott, L., Vario, C., Hill, T., Burton, A., Zhouj, Y. M., and Tang, J.: Soil warming, carbon-nitrogen interactions, and forest carbon budgets, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 9508–9512, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1018189108, 2011.
Melillo, J. M., Frey, S. D., DeAngelis, K. M., Werner, W. J., Bernard, M. J., Bowles, F. P., Pold, G., Knorr, M. A., and Grandy, A. S.: Long-term pattern and magnitude of soil carbon feedback to the climate system in a warming world, Science, 358, 101–105, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan2874, 2017.
Miltner, A., Richnow, H. H., Kopinke, F. D., and Kästner, M.: Assimilation of CO2 by soil microorganisms and transformation into soil organic matter, Org. Geochem., 35, 1015–1024, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2004.05.001, 2004.
Miltner, A., Kopinke, F. D., Kindler, R., Selesi, D., Hartmann, A., and Kästner, M.: Non-phototrophic CO2 fixation by soil microorganisms, Plant Soil, 269, 193–203, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-004-0483-1, 2005.
Miltner, A., Kindler, R., Knicker, H., Richnow, H. H., and Kästner, M.: Fate of microbial biomass-derived amino acids in soil and their contribution to soil organic matter, Org. Geochem., 40, 978–985, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.06.008, 2009.
Miltner, A., Bombach, P., Schmidt-Brücken, B., and Kästner, M.: SOM genesis: Microbial biomass as a significant source, Biogeochemistry, 111, 41–55, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-011-9658-z, 2012.
Nel, J. A. and Cramer, M. D.: Soil microbial anaplerotic CO2 fixation in temperate soils, Geoderma, 335, 170–178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.08.014, 2019.
Niederberger, T. D., Sohm, J. A., Gunderson, T., Tirindelli, J., Capone, D. G., Carpenter, E. J., and Cary, S. C.: Carbon-fixation rates and associated microbial communities residing in arid and ephemerally wet antarctic dry valley soils, Front. Microbiol., 6, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01347, 2015.
Nowak, M. E., Beulig, F., von Fischer, J., Muhr, J., Küsel, K., and Trumbore, S. E.: Autotrophic fixation of geogenic CO2 by microorganisms contributes to soil organic matter formation and alters isotope signatures in a wetland mofette, Biogeosciences, 12, 7169–7183, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-7169-2015, 2015.
Ocio, J. A. and Brookes, P. C.: An evaluation of methods for measuring the microbial biomass in soils following recent additions of wheat straw and the characterization of the biomass that develops, Soil Biol. Biochem., 22, 685–694, https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(90)90016-S, 1990.
Oksanen, J., Kindt, R., Legendre, P., O'Hara, B., Simpson, G. L., Solymos, P. M., Stevens, M. H. H., and Wagner, H.: The Vegan Package, Community Ecology Package [code], 190, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gavin-Simpson-2/publication/228339454_The_vegan_Package/links/0912f50be86bc29a7f000000/The-vegan-Package.pdf (last access: 25 August 2022), 2008.
Prévost-Bouré, N. C., Dequiedt, S., Thioulouse, J., Lelièvre, M., Saby, N. P. A., Jolivet, C., Arrouays, D., Plassart, P., Lemanceau, P., and Ranjard, L.: Similar processes but different environmental filters for soil bacterial and fungal community composition turnover on a broad spatial scale, PLoS ONE, 9, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111667, 2014.
Quast, C., Pruesse, E., Yilmaz, P., Gerken, J., Schweer, T., Yarza, P., Peplies, J., and Glöckner, F. O.: The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: Improved data processing and web-based tools, Nucleic Acids Res., 41, 590–596, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks1219, 2013.
Rastogi, M., Singh, S., and Pathak, H.: Emission of carbon dioxide from soil, Curr. Sci. India, 82, 510–517, 2002.
Rinnan, R., Michelsen, A., Bååth, E., and Jonasson, S.: Fifteen years of climate change manipulations alter soil microbial communities in a subarctic heath ecosystem, Glob. Change Biol., 13, 28–39, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01263.x, 2007.
Rinnan, R., Stark, S., and Tolvanen, A.: Responses of vegetation and soil microbial communities to warming and simulated herbivory in a subarctic heath, J. Ecol., 97, 788–800, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01506.x, 2009.
Rutherford, P. M. and Juma, N. G.: Influence of soil texture on protozoa-induced mineralization of bacterial carbon and nitrogen, Can. J. Soil Sci., 72, 183–200, https://doi.org/10.4141/cjss92-019, 1992.
Sakamoto, K. and Hodono, N.: Turnover time of microbial biomass carbon in japanese upland soils with different textures, Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 46, 483–490, 2000.
Šantrůčková, H., Bird, M. I., Elhottová, D., Novák, J., Picek, T., Šimek, M., and Tykva, R.: Heterotrophic fixation of CO2 in soil, Microb. Ecol., 49, 218–225, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-004-0164-x, 2005.
Šantrůčková, H., Kotas, P., Bárta, J., Urich, T., Čapek, P., Palmtag, J., Eloy Alves, R. J., Biasi, C., Diáková, K., Gentsch, N., Gittel, A., Guggenberger, G., Hugelius, G., Lashchinsky, N., Martikainen, P. J., Mikutta, R., Schleper, C., Schnecker, J., Schwab, C., Shibistova, O., Wild, B., and Richter, A.: Significance of dark CO2 fixation in arctic soils, Soil Biol. Biochem., 119, 11–21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.12.021, 2018.
Sarathchandra, S. U., Perrott, K. W., and Littler, R. A.: Soil microbial biomass: Influence of simulated temperature changes on size, activity and nutrient-content, Soil Biol. Biochem., 21, 987–993, https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(89)90034-5, 1989.
Schindlbacher, A., Rodler, A., Kuffner, M., Kitzler, B., Sessitsch, A., and Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S.: Experimental warming effects on the microbial community of a temperate mountain forest soil, Soil Biol. Biochem., 43, 1417–1425, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.03.005, 2011.
Schloss, P. D., Westcott, S. L., Ryabin, T., Hall, J. R., Hartmann, M., Hollister, E. B., Lesniewski, R. A., Oakley, B. B., Parks, D. H., Robinson, C. J., Sahl, J. W., Stres, B., Thallinger, G. G., Van Horn, D. J., and Weber, C. F.: Introducing mothur: open-source, platform-independent, community-supported software for describing and comparing microbial communities, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 75, 7537–7541, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01541-09, 2009.
Schnürer, J., Clarholm, M., Boström, S., and Rosswall, T.: Effects of moisture on soil microorganisms and nematodes: A field experiment, Microb. Ecol., 12, 217–230, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02011206, 1986.
Schuur, E. A. G., McGuire, A. D., Schädel, C., Grosse, G., Harden, J. W., Hayes, D. J., Hugelius, G., Koven, C. D., Kuhry, P., Lawrence, D. M., Natali, S. M., Olefeldt, D., Romanovsky, V. E., Schaefer, K., Turetsky, M. R., Treat, C. C., and Vonk, J. E.: Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback, Nature, 520, 171–179, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14338, 2015.
Selesi, D., Schmid, M., and Hartmann, A.: Diversity of Green- Like and Red-Like Genes (cbbL) in Differently Managed Agricultural Soils, Appl. Environ. Microb., 71, 175–184, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.1.175-184.2005, 2005.
Six, J., Frey, S. D., Thiet, R. K., and Batten, K. M.: Bacterial and Fungal Contributions to Carbon Sequestration in Agroecosystems, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 70, 555–569, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2004.0347, 2006.
Soong, J. L., Phillips, C. L., Ledna, C., Koven, C. D., and Torn, M. S.: CMIP5 Models Predict Rapid and Deep Soil Warming Over the 21st Century, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 125, e2019JG005266, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JG005266, 2020.
Soong, J. L., Castanha, C., Hicks Pries, C. E., Ofiti, N., Porras, R. C., Riley, W. J., Schmidt, M. W. I., and Torn, M. S.: Five years of whole-soil warming led to loss of subsoil carbon stocks and increased CO2 efflux, Science Advances, 7, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd1343, 2021.
Spohn, M., Klaus, K., Wanek, W., and Richter, A.: Microbial carbon use efficiency and biomass turnover times depending on soil depth – Implications for carbon cycling, Soil Biol. Biochem., 96, 74–81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.01.016, 2016.
Spohn, M., Müller, K., Höschen, C., Mueller, C. W., and Marhan, S.: Dark microbial CO2 fixation in temperate forest soils increases with CO2 concentration, Glob. Change Biol., 26, 1926–1935, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14937, 2019.
Stotzky, G. and Rem, L. T.: Influence of clay minerals on microorganizms. I. Montmorillonite and kaolinite on bacteria, Can. J. Microbiol, 12, 547–563, 1966.
Tsubo, M., Fukai, S., Basnayake, J., To, P. T., Bouman, B., and Harnpichitvitaya, D.: Effects of soil clay content on water balance and productivity in rainfed lowland rice ecosystem in Northeast Thailand, Plant Prod. Sci., 10, 232–241, https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.10.232, 2007.
Van 't Hoff, J. H.: Lectures on Theoretical and Physical Chemistry. Part 1. Chemical Dynamics, OCLC Number 220605730, Edward Arnold, London, 1898.
Van Veen, J. A., Ladd, J. N., and Frissel, M. J.: Modelling C and N turnover through the microbial biomass in soil, Plant Soil, 76, 257–274, 1984.
Van Veen, J. A., Ladd, J. N., and Amato, M.: Turnover of carbon and nitrogen through the microbial biomass in a sandy loam and a clay soil incubated with [14C(U)]glucose and [15N](NH4)2SO4 under different moisture regimes, Soil Biol. Biochem., 17, 747–756, https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(85)90128-2, 1985.
Vance, E. D., Brookes, P. C., and Jenkinson, D. S.: An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass C, Soil Biol. Biochem., 19, 703–707, https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(87)90052-6, 1987.
Vijay, A., Chhabra, M., and Vincent, T.: Microbial community modulates electrochemical performance and denitrification rate in a biocathodic autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrifying microbial fuel cell, Bioresource Technol., 272, 217–225, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.030, 2019.
Walker, T. W. N., Kaiser, C., Strasser, F., Herbold, C. W., Leblans, N. I. W., Woebken, D., Janssens, I. A., Sigurdsson, B. D., and Richter, A.: Microbial temperature sensitivity and biomass change explain soil carbon loss with warming, Nat. Clim. Change, 8, 885–889, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0259-x, 2018.
Way, D. A. and Oren, R.: Differential responses to changes in growth temperature between trees from different functional groups and biomes: a review and synthesis of data, Tree Physiol., 30, 669–688, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpq015, 2010.
Werner, R. A. and Brand, W. A.: Referencing strategies and techniques in stable isotope ratio analysis, Rapid Commun. Mass Sp., 15, 501–519, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.258, 2001.
Winkler, J. P., Cherry, R. S., and Schlesinger, W. H.: The Q10 relationship of microbial respiration in a temperate forest soil, Soil Biol. Biochem., 28, 1067–1072, https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(96)00076-4, 1996.
Wu, J., Joergensen, R. G., Pommerening, B., Chaussod, R., and Brookes, P. C.: Short Communication Measurement of Soil Microbial Biomassc Automated Procedure, Soil Biol. Biochem., 22, 1167–1169, 1990.
Wu, X., Ge, T., Yuan, H., Li, B., Zhu, H., Zhou, P., Sui, F., O'Donnell, A. G., and Wu, J.: Changes in bacterial CO2 fixation with depth in agricultural soils, Appl. Microbiol. Biot., 98, 2309–2319, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-013-5179-0, 2014.
Xiao, H., Li, Z., Chang, X., Deng, L., Nie, X., Liu, C., Liu, L., Jiang, J., Chen, J., and Wang, D.: Microbial CO2 assimilation is not limited by the decrease in autotrophic bacterial abundance and diversity in eroded watershed, Biol. Fert. Soils, 54, 595–605, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-018-1284-7, 2018.
Yin, H., Xiao, J., Li, Y., Chen, Z., Cheng, X., Zhao, C., and Liu, Q.: Warming effects on root morphological and physiological traits: The potential consequences on soil C dynamics as altered root exudation, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 180, 287–296, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.06.016, 2013.
Yuan, H., Ge, T., Chen, C., O'Donnell, A. G., and Wu, J.: Significant role for microbial autotrophy in the sequestration of soil carbon, Appl. Environ. Microb., 78, 2328–2336, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.06881-11, 2012.
Short summary
Soils will likely become warmer in the future, and this can increase the release of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. As microbes can take up soil CO2 and prevent further escape into the atmosphere, this study compares the rate of uptake and release of CO2 at two different temperatures. With warming, the rate of CO2 uptake increases less than the rate of release, indicating that the capacity to modulate soil CO2 release into the atmosphere will decrease under future warming.
Soils will likely become warmer in the future, and this can increase the release of carbon...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint