Articles | Volume 21, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1563-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1563-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 Mar 2024
Research article |
| 27 Mar 2024
| 27 Mar 2024
Regional assessment and uncertainty analysis of carbon and nitrogen balances at cropland scale using the ecosystem model LandscapeDNDC
Odysseas Sifounakis
Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Impacts, School of Rural, Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, 15780, Greece
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kreuzeckbahnstr. 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kreuzeckbahnstr. 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Department of Agroecology – Center for Landscape Research in Sustainable Agricultural Futures – Land-CRAFT, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
Maria P. Papadopoulou
Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Impacts, School of Rural, Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, 15780, Greece
Related authors
No articles found.
Patrick Olschewski, Mame Diarra Bousso Dieng, Hassane Moutahir, Brian Böker, Edwin Haas, Harald Kunstmann, and Patrick Laux
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1099–1134, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1099-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1099-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We applied a multivariate and dependency-preserving bias correction method to climate model output for the Greater Mediterranean Region and investigated potential changes in false-spring events (FSEs) and heat–drought compound events (HDCEs). Results project an increase in the frequency of FSEs in middle and late spring as well as increases in frequency, intensity, and duration for HDCEs. This will potentially aggravate the risk of crop loss and failure and negatively impact food security.
Elizabeth Gachibu Wangari, Ricky Mwangada Mwanake, Tobias Houska, David Kraus, Gretchen Maria Gettel, Ralf Kiese, Lutz Breuer, and Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
Biogeosciences, 20, 5029–5067, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5029-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5029-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Agricultural landscapes act as sinks or sources of the greenhouse gases (GHGs) CO2, CH4, or N2O. Various physicochemical and biological processes control the fluxes of these GHGs between ecosystems and the atmosphere. Therefore, fluxes depend on environmental conditions such as soil moisture, soil temperature, or soil parameters, which result in large spatial and temporal variations of GHG fluxes. Here, we describe an example of how this variation may be studied and analyzed.
Ricky Mwangada Mwanake, Gretchen Maria Gettel, Elizabeth Gachibu Wangari, Clarissa Glaser, Tobias Houska, Lutz Breuer, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, and Ralf Kiese
Biogeosciences, 20, 3395–3422, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3395-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3395-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Despite occupying <1 %; of the globe, streams are significant sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this study, we determined anthropogenic effects on GHG emissions from streams. We found that anthropogenic-influenced streams had up to 20 times more annual GHG emissions than natural ones and were also responsible for seasonal peaks. Anthropogenic influences also altered declining GHG flux trends with stream size, with potential impacts on stream-size-based spatial upscaling techniques.
Joseph Okello, Marijn Bauters, Hans Verbeeck, Samuel Bodé, John Kasenene, Astrid Françoys, Till Engelhardt, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Ralf Kiese, and Pascal Boeckx
Biogeosciences, 20, 719–735, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-719-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-719-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The increase in global and regional temperatures has the potential to drive accelerated soil organic carbon losses in tropical forests. We simulated climate warming by translocating intact soil cores from higher to lower elevations. The results revealed increasing temperature sensitivity and decreasing losses of soil organic carbon with increasing elevation. Our results suggest that climate warming may trigger enhanced losses of soil organic carbon from tropical montane forests.
Jaber Rahimi, Expedit Evariste Ago, Augustine Ayantunde, Sina Berger, Jan Bogaert, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Bernard Cappelaere, Jean-Martial Cohard, Jérôme Demarty, Abdoul Aziz Diouf, Ulrike Falk, Edwin Haas, Pierre Hiernaux, David Kraus, Olivier Roupsard, Clemens Scheer, Amit Kumar Srivastava, Torbern Tagesson, and Rüdiger Grote
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 3789–3812, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3789-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3789-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
West African Sahelian and Sudanian ecosystems are important regions for global carbon exchange, and they provide valuable food and fodder resources. Therefore, we simulated net ecosystem exchange and aboveground biomass of typical ecosystems in this region with an improved process-based biogeochemical model, LandscapeDNDC. Carbon stocks and exchange rates were particularly correlated with the abundance of trees. Grass and crop yields increased under humid climatic conditions.
Chris R. Flechard, Andreas Ibrom, Ute M. Skiba, Wim de Vries, Marcel van Oijen, David R. Cameron, Nancy B. Dise, Janne F. J. Korhonen, Nina Buchmann, Arnaud Legout, David Simpson, Maria J. Sanz, Marc Aubinet, Denis Loustau, Leonardo Montagnani, Johan Neirynck, Ivan A. Janssens, Mari Pihlatie, Ralf Kiese, Jan Siemens, André-Jean Francez, Jürgen Augustin, Andrej Varlagin, Janusz Olejnik, Radosław Juszczak, Mika Aurela, Daniel Berveiller, Bogdan H. Chojnicki, Ulrich Dämmgen, Nicolas Delpierre, Vesna Djuricic, Julia Drewer, Eric Dufrêne, Werner Eugster, Yannick Fauvel, David Fowler, Arnoud Frumau, André Granier, Patrick Gross, Yannick Hamon, Carole Helfter, Arjan Hensen, László Horváth, Barbara Kitzler, Bart Kruijt, Werner L. Kutsch, Raquel Lobo-do-Vale, Annalea Lohila, Bernard Longdoz, Michal V. Marek, Giorgio Matteucci, Marta Mitosinkova, Virginie Moreaux, Albrecht Neftel, Jean-Marc Ourcival, Kim Pilegaard, Gabriel Pita, Francisco Sanz, Jan K. Schjoerring, Maria-Teresa Sebastià, Y. Sim Tang, Hilde Uggerud, Marek Urbaniak, Netty van Dijk, Timo Vesala, Sonja Vidic, Caroline Vincke, Tamás Weidinger, Sophie Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Eiko Nemitz, and Mark A. Sutton
Biogeosciences, 17, 1583–1620, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1583-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1583-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Experimental evidence from a network of 40 monitoring sites in Europe suggests that atmospheric nitrogen deposition to forests and other semi-natural vegetation impacts the carbon sequestration rates in ecosystems, as well as the net greenhouse gas balance including other greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide and methane. Excess nitrogen deposition in polluted areas also leads to other environmental impacts such as nitrogen leaching to groundwater and other pollutant gaseous emissions.
Chris R. Flechard, Marcel van Oijen, David R. Cameron, Wim de Vries, Andreas Ibrom, Nina Buchmann, Nancy B. Dise, Ivan A. Janssens, Johan Neirynck, Leonardo Montagnani, Andrej Varlagin, Denis Loustau, Arnaud Legout, Klaudia Ziemblińska, Marc Aubinet, Mika Aurela, Bogdan H. Chojnicki, Julia Drewer, Werner Eugster, André-Jean Francez, Radosław Juszczak, Barbara Kitzler, Werner L. Kutsch, Annalea Lohila, Bernard Longdoz, Giorgio Matteucci, Virginie Moreaux, Albrecht Neftel, Janusz Olejnik, Maria J. Sanz, Jan Siemens, Timo Vesala, Caroline Vincke, Eiko Nemitz, Sophie Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Ute M. Skiba, and Mark A. Sutton
Biogeosciences, 17, 1621–1654, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1621-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1621-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrogen deposition from the atmosphere to unfertilized terrestrial vegetation such as forests can increase carbon dioxide uptake and favour carbon sequestration by ecosystems. However the data from observational networks are difficult to interpret in terms of a carbon-to-nitrogen response, because there are a number of other confounding factors, such as climate, soil physical properties and fertility, and forest age. We propose a model-based method to untangle the different influences.
Erkan Ibraim, Benjamin Wolf, Eliza Harris, Rainer Gasche, Jing Wei, Longfei Yu, Ralf Kiese, Sarah Eggleston, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Matthias Zeeman, Béla Tuzson, Lukas Emmenegger, Johan Six, Stephan Henne, and Joachim Mohn
Biogeosciences, 16, 3247–3266, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3247-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3247-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important greenhouse gas and the major stratospheric ozone-depleting substance; therefore, mitigation of anthropogenic N2O emissions is needed. To trace N2O-emitting source processes, in this study, we observed N2O isotopocules above an intensively managed grassland research site with a recently developed laser spectroscopy method. Our results indicate that the domain of denitrification or nitrifier denitrification was the major N2O source.
Suzanne R. Jacobs, Edison Timbe, Björn Weeser, Mariana C. Rufino, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, and Lutz Breuer
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 4981–5000, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4981-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4981-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated how land use affects stream water sources and flow paths in an East African tropical montane area. Rainfall was identified as an important stream water source in the forest and smallholder agriculture sub-catchments, while springs were more important in the commercial tea plantation sub-catchment. However, 15 % or less of the stream water consisted of water with an age of less than 3 months, indicating that groundwater plays an important role in all land use types.
Rosa Maria Roman-Cuesta, Martin Herold, Mariana C. Rufino, Todd S. Rosenstock, Richard A. Houghton, Simone Rossi, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Stephen Ogle, Benjamin Poulter, Louis Verchot, Christopher Martius, and Sytze de Bruin
Biogeosciences, 13, 5799–5819, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5799-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5799-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The land use sector (AFOLU) is a pivotal component of countries' mitigation commitments under the Paris Agreement. Global land use data are therefore important to complement and fill in countries' data gaps. But how different are the existing AFOLU datasets and why? Here we contrast six AFOLU datasets for the tropics at different levels of aggregation (spatial, gases, emission sources) and point out possible reasons for the observed differences and the next steps to improve land use emissions.
Rosa Maria Roman-Cuesta, Mariana C. Rufino, Martin Herold, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Todd S. Rosenstock, Mario Herrero, Stephen Ogle, Changsheng Li, Benjamin Poulter, Louis Verchot, Christopher Martius, John Stuiver, and Sytze de Bruin
Biogeosciences, 13, 4253–4269, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4253-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4253-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This research provides spatial data on gross emissions from the land use sector for the tropical region for the period 2000–2005. This sector contributes up to 24 % of the global emissions, but there is little understanding of where the hotspots of emissions are, how uncertain they are, and what the human activities behind these emissions are. Data provided here should assist countries to identify priority areas for mitigation action and contrast the effectiveness of their current measures.
Andrea Ghirardo, Junfei Xie, Xunhua Zheng, Yuesi Wang, Rüdiger Grote, Katja Block, Jürgen Wildt, Thomas Mentel, Astrid Kiendler-Scharr, Mattias Hallquist, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, and Jörg-Peter Schnitzler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 2901–2920, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2901-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2901-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Trees can impact urban air quality. Large emissions of plant volatiles are emitted in Beijing as a stress response to the urban polluted environment, but their impacts on secondary particulate matter remain relatively low compared to those originated from anthropogenic activities. The present study highlights the importance of including stress-induced compounds when studying plant volatile emissions.
D. Fowler, C. E. Steadman, D. Stevenson, M. Coyle, R. M. Rees, U. M. Skiba, M. A. Sutton, J. N. Cape, A. J. Dore, M. Vieno, D. Simpson, S. Zaehle, B. D. Stocker, M. Rinaldi, M. C. Facchini, C. R. Flechard, E. Nemitz, M. Twigg, J. W. Erisman, K. Butterbach-Bahl, and J. N. Galloway
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 13849–13893, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13849-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13849-2015, 2015
M. Liu, M. Dannenmann, S. Lin, G. Saiz, G. Yan, Z. Yao, D. E. Pelster, H. Tao, S. Sippel, Y. Tao, Y. Zhang, X. Zheng, Q. Zuo, and K. Butterbach-Bahl
Biogeosciences, 12, 4831–4840, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4831-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4831-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We demonstrate for the first time that a ground cover rice production system (GCRPS) significantly increased soil organic C and total N stocks at spatially representative paired sites under varying edaphic conditions. Our results suggest that GCRPS is a stable and sustainable technique that maintains key soil functions, while increasing rice yield and expanding the cultivation into regions where it has been hampered by low seasonal temperatures and/or a lack of irrigation water.
Z. Yao, Y. Du, Y. Tao, X. Zheng, C. Liu, S. Lin, and K. Butterbach-Bahl
Biogeosciences, 11, 6221–6236, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6221-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6221-2014, 2014
C. Werner, K. Reiser, M. Dannenmann, L. B. Hutley, J. Jacobeit, and K. Butterbach-Bahl
Biogeosciences, 11, 6047–6065, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6047-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6047-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric loss of N from savanna soil was dominated by N2 emissions (82-99% of total N loss to atmosphere). Nitric oxide emissions significantly contributed at 50% WFPS; high temperatures and N2O emissions were negligible. Based on a simple upscale approach we estimated annual loss of N to the atmosphere at 7.5kg yr-1. N2O emission was low for most samples, but high for a small subset of cores at 75% WFPS (due to short periods where such conditions occur this has little effect on totals).
G. J. Luo, R. Kiese, B. Wolf, and K. Butterbach-Bahl
Biogeosciences, 10, 3205–3219, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3205-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3205-2013, 2013
S. Metzger, W. Junkermann, M. Mauder, K. Butterbach-Bahl, B. Trancón y Widemann, F. Neidl, K. Schäfer, S. Wieneke, X. H. Zheng, H. P. Schmid, and T. Foken
Biogeosciences, 10, 2193–2217, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2193-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2193-2013, 2013
D. R. Cameron, M. Van Oijen, C. Werner, K. Butterbach-Bahl, R. Grote, E. Haas, G. B. M. Heuvelink, R. Kiese, J. Kros, M. Kuhnert, A. Leip, G. J. Reinds, H. I. Reuter, M. J. Schelhaas, W. De Vries, and J. Yeluripati
Biogeosciences, 10, 1751–1773, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1751-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1751-2013, 2013
N. Gharahi Ghehi, C. Werner, K. Hufkens, R. Kiese, E. Van Ranst, D. Nsabimana, G. Wallin, L. Klemedtsson, K. Butterbach-Bahl, and P. Boeckx
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-1483-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-1483-2013, 2013
Revised manuscript not accepted
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Greenhouse Gases
Diurnal versus spatial variability of greenhouse gas emissions from an anthropogenically modified lowland river in Germany
Resolving heterogeneous fluxes from tundra halves the growing season carbon budget
Lawns and meadows in urban green space – a comparison from perspectives of greenhouse gases, drought resilience and plant functional types
Large contribution of soil N2O emission to the global warming potential of a large-scale oil palm plantation despite changing from conventional to reduced management practices
Identifying landscape hot and cold spots of soil greenhouse gas fluxes by combining field measurements and remote sensing data
Enhanced Southern Ocean CO2 outgassing as a result of stronger and poleward shifted southern hemispheric westerlies
Spatial and temporal variability of methane emissions and environmental conditions in a hyper-eutrophic fishpond
Optical and radar Earth observation data for upscaling methane emissions linked to permafrost degradation in sub-Arctic peatlands in northern Sweden
Assessing improvements in global ocean pCO2 machine learning reconstructions with Southern Ocean autonomous sampling
Herbivore–shrub interactions influence ecosystem respiration and biogenic volatile organic compound composition in the subarctic
Methane emissions due to reservoir flushing: a significant emission pathway?
Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes from mounds of African fungus-growing termites
Diel and seasonal methane dynamics in the shallow and turbulent Wadden Sea
Technical note: Skirt chamber – an open dynamic method for the rapid and minimally intrusive measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from peatlands
Exploring temporal and spatial variation of nitrous oxide flux using several years of peatland forest automatic chamber data
Seasonal variability of nitrous oxide concentrations and emissions in a temperate estuary
Technical Note: Preventing CO2 overestimation from mercuric or copper (II) chloride preservation of dissolved greenhouse gases in freshwater samples
Reviews and syntheses: Recent advances in microwave remote sensing in support of terrestrial carbon cycle science in Arctic–boreal regions
Time-scale dependence of airborne fraction and underlying climate-carbon cycle feedbacks for weak perturbations in CMIP5 models
Simulated methane emissions from Arctic ponds are highly sensitive to warming
Water-table-driven greenhouse gas emission estimates guide peatland restoration at national scale
Relationships between greenhouse gas production and landscape position during short-term permafrost thaw under anaerobic conditions in the Lena Delta
Carbon emissions and radiative forcings from tundra wildfires in the Yukon–Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska
Carbon monoxide (CO) cycling in the Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean
Post-flooding disturbance recovery promotes carbon capture in riparian zones
Meteorological responses of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of a subarctic landscape
Carbon emission and export from the Ket River, western Siberia
Evaluation of wetland CH4 in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) land surface model using satellite observations
Greenhouse gas fluxes in mangrove forest soil in an Amazon estuary
Temporal patterns and drivers of CO2 emission from dry sediments in a groyne field of a large river
Effects of water table level and nitrogen deposition on methane and nitrous oxide emissions in an alpine peatland
Highest methane concentrations in an Arctic river linked to local terrestrial inputs
Seasonal study of the small-scale variability in dissolved methane in the western Kiel Bight (Baltic Sea) during the European heatwave in 2018
Trace gas fluxes from tidal salt marsh soils: implications for carbon–sulfur biogeochemistry
Spatial and temporal variation in δ13C values of methane emitted from a hemiboreal mire: methanogenesis, methanotrophy, and hysteresis
Intercomparison of methods to estimate gross primary production based on CO2 and COS flux measurements
Lateral carbon export has low impact on the net ecosystem carbon balance of a polygonal tundra catchment
The effect of static chamber base on N2O flux in drip irrigation
Controls on autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration in an ombrotrophic bog
Episodic N2O emissions following tillage of a legume–grass cover crop mixture
Variation in CO2 and CH4 fluxes among land cover types in heterogeneous Arctic tundra in northeastern Siberia
Response of vegetation and carbon fluxes to brown lemming herbivory in northern Alaska
Sources of nitrous oxide and the fate of mineral nitrogen in subarctic permafrost peat soils
Data-based estimates of interannual sea–air CO2 flux variations 1957–2020 and their relation to environmental drivers
Evaluating alternative ebullition models for predicting peatland methane emission and its pathways via data–model fusion
Excess soil moisture and fresh carbon input are prerequisites for methane production in podzolic soil
Low biodegradability of particulate organic carbon mobilized from thaw slumps on the Peel Plateau, NT, and possible chemosynthesis and sorption effects
Grazing enhances carbon cycling but reduces methane emission during peak growing season in the Siberian Pleistocene Park tundra site
Ideas and perspectives: Enhancing research and monitoring of carbon pools and land-to-atmosphere greenhouse gases exchange in developing countries
Ignoring carbon emissions from thermokarst ponds results in overestimation of tundra net carbon uptake
Matthias Koschorreck, Norbert Kamjunke, Uta Koedel, Michael Rode, Claudia Schuetze, and Ingeborg Bussmann
Biogeosciences, 21, 1613–1628, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1613-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1613-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from different sites at the river Elbe in Germany over 3 days to find out what is more important for quantification: small-scale spatial variability or diurnal temporal variability. We found that CO2 emissions were very different between day and night, while CH4 emissions were more different between sites. Dried out river sediments contributed to CO2 emissions, while the side areas of the river were important CH4 sources.
Sarah M. Ludwig, Luke Schiferl, Jacqueline Hung, Susan M. Natali, and Roisin Commane
Biogeosciences, 21, 1301–1321, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1301-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1301-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Landscapes are often assumed to be homogeneous when using eddy covariance fluxes, which can lead to biases when calculating carbon budgets. In this study we report eddy covariance carbon fluxes from heterogeneous tundra. We used the footprints of each flux observation to unmix the fluxes coming from components of the landscape. We identified and quantified hot spots of carbon emissions in the landscape. Accurately scaling with landscape heterogeneity yielded half as much regional carbon uptake.
Justine Trémeau, Beñat Olascoaga, Leif Backman, Esko Karvinen, Henriikka Vekuri, and Liisa Kulmala
Biogeosciences, 21, 949–972, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-949-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-949-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied urban lawns and meadows in the Helsinki metropolitan area, Finland. We found that meadows are more resistant to drought events but that they do not increase carbon sequestration compared with lawns. Moreover, the transformation from lawns to meadows did not demonstrate any negative climate effects in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. Even though social and economic aspects also steer urban development, these results can guide planning to consider carbon-smart options.
Guantao Chen, Edzo Veldkamp, Muhammad Damris, Bambang Irawan, Aiyen Tjoa, and Marife D. Corre
Biogeosciences, 21, 513–529, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-513-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-513-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We established an oil palm management experiment in a large-scale oil palm plantation in Jambi, Indonesia. We recorded oil palm fruit yield and measured soil CO2, N2O, and CH4 fluxes. After 4 years of treatment, compared with conventional fertilization with herbicide weeding, reduced fertilization with mechanical weeding did not reduce yield and soil greenhouse gas emissions, which highlights the legacy effects of over a decade of conventional management prior to the start of the experiment.
Elizabeth Gachibu Wangari, Ricky Mwangada Mwanake, Tobias Houska, David Kraus, Gretchen Maria Gettel, Ralf Kiese, Lutz Breuer, and Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
Biogeosciences, 20, 5029–5067, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5029-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5029-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Agricultural landscapes act as sinks or sources of the greenhouse gases (GHGs) CO2, CH4, or N2O. Various physicochemical and biological processes control the fluxes of these GHGs between ecosystems and the atmosphere. Therefore, fluxes depend on environmental conditions such as soil moisture, soil temperature, or soil parameters, which result in large spatial and temporal variations of GHG fluxes. Here, we describe an example of how this variation may be studied and analyzed.
Laurie C. Menviel, Paul Spence, Andrew E. Kiss, Matthew A. Chamberlain, Hakase Hayashida, Matthew H. England, and Darryn Waugh
Biogeosciences, 20, 4413–4431, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4413-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4413-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
As the ocean absorbs 25% of the anthropogenic emissions of carbon, it is important to understand the impact of climate change on the flux of carbon between the ocean and the atmosphere. Here, we use a very high-resolution ocean, sea-ice, carbon cycle model to show that the capability of the Southern Ocean to uptake CO2 has decreased over the last 40 years due to a strengthening and poleward shift of the southern hemispheric westerlies. This trend is expected to continue over the coming century.
Petr Znachor, Jiří Nedoma, Vojtech Kolar, and Anna Matoušů
Biogeosciences, 20, 4273–4288, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4273-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4273-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted intensive spatial sampling of the hypertrophic fishpond to better understand the spatial dynamics of methane fluxes and environmental heterogeneity in fishponds. The diffusive fluxes of methane accounted for only a minor fraction of the total fluxes and both varied pronouncedly within the pond and over the studied summer season. This could be explained only by the water depth. Wind substantially affected temperature, oxygen and chlorophyll a distribution in the pond.
Sofie Sjögersten, Martha Ledger, Matthias Siewert, Betsabé de la Barreda-Bautista, Andrew Sowter, David Gee, Giles Foody, and Doreen S. Boyd
Biogeosciences, 20, 4221–4239, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4221-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4221-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw in Arctic regions is increasing methane emissions, but quantification is difficult given the large and remote areas impacted. We show that UAV data together with satellite data can be used to extrapolate emissions across the wider landscape as well as detect areas at risk of higher emissions. A transition of currently degrading areas to fen type vegetation can increase emission by several orders of magnitude, highlighting the importance of quantifying areas at risk.
Thea Hatlen Heimdal, Galen A. McKinley, Adrienne J. Sutton, Amanda R. Fay, and Lucas Gloege
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-160, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-160, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of ocean carbon are limited in time and space. Machine learning algorithms are therefore used to reconstruct ocean carbon where observations do not exist. Improving these reconstructions is important in order to accurately estimate how much carbon the ocean absorbs from the atmosphere. In this study, we find that that a small addition of observations from the Southern Ocean, obtained by autonomous sampling platforms, could significantly improve the reconstructions.
Cole G. Brachmann, Tage Vowles, Riikka Rinnan, Mats P. Björkman, Anna Ekberg, and Robert G. Björk
Biogeosciences, 20, 4069–4086, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4069-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4069-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Herbivores change plant communities through grazing, altering the amount of CO2 and plant-specific chemicals (termed VOCs) emitted. We tested this effect by excluding herbivores and studying the CO2 and VOC emissions. Herbivores reduced CO2 emissions from a meadow community and altered VOC composition; however, community type had the strongest effect on the amount of CO2 and VOCs released. Herbivores can mediate greenhouse gas emissions, but the effect is marginal and community dependent.
Ole Lessmann, Jorge Encinas Fernández, Karla Martínez-Cruz, and Frank Peeters
Biogeosciences, 20, 4057–4068, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4057-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4057-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Based on a large dataset of seasonally resolved methane (CH4) pore water concentrations in a reservoir's sediment, we assess the significance of CH4 emissions due to reservoir flushing. In the studied reservoir, CH4 emissions caused by one flushing operation can represent 7 %–14 % of the annual CH4 emissions and depend on the timing of the flushing operation. In reservoirs with high sediment loadings, regular flushing may substantially contribute to the overall CH4 emissions.
Matti Räsänen, Risto Vesala, Petri Rönnholm, Laura Arppe, Petra Manninen, Markus Jylhä, Jouko Rikkinen, Petri Pellikka, and Janne Rinne
Biogeosciences, 20, 4029–4042, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4029-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4029-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Fungus-growing termites recycle large parts of dead plant material in African savannas and are significant sources of greenhouse gases. We measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes from their mounds and surrounding soils in open and closed habitats. The fluxes scale with mound volume. The results show that emissions from mounds of fungus-growing termites are more stable than those from other termites. The soil fluxes around the mound are affected by the termite colonies at up to 2 m distance from the mound.
Tim René de Groot, Anne Margriet Mol, Katherine Mesdag, Pierre Ramond, Rachel Ndhlovu, Julia Catherine Engelmann, Thomas Röckmann, and Helge Niemann
Biogeosciences, 20, 3857–3872, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3857-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3857-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates methane dynamics in the Wadden Sea. Our measurements revealed distinct variations triggered by seasonality and tidal forcing. The methane budget was higher in warmer seasons but surprisingly high in colder seasons. Methane dynamics were amplified during low tides, flushing the majority of methane into the North Sea or releasing it to the atmosphere. Methanotrophic activity was also elevated during low tide but mitigated only a small fraction of the methane efflux.
Frederic Thalasso, Brenda Riquelme, Andrés Gómez, Roy Mackenzie, Francisco Javier Aguirre, Jorge Hoyos-Santillan, Ricardo Rozzi, and Armando Sepulveda-Jauregui
Biogeosciences, 20, 3737–3749, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3737-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3737-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A robust skirt-chamber design to capture and quantify greenhouse gas emissions from peatlands is presented. Compared to standard methods, this design improves the spatial resolution of field studies in remote locations while minimizing intrusion.
Helena Rautakoski, Mika Korkiakoski, Jarmo Mäkelä, Markku Koskinen, Kari Minkkinen, Mika Aurela, Paavo Ojanen, and Annalea Lohila
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1795, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1795, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Current and future nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions are difficult to estimate due to their high variability in space and time. Several years of N2O fluxes from drained boreal peatland forest indicate high importance of summer precipitation, winter temperature and snow conditions in controlling annual N2O emissions. The results indicate increasing year-to-year variation in N2O emissions in changing climate with more extreme seasonal weather conditions.
Gesa Schulz, Tina Sanders, Yoana G. Voynova, Hermann W. Bange, and Kirstin Dähnke
Biogeosciences, 20, 3229–3247, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3229-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3229-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important greenhouse gas. However, N2O emissions from estuaries underlie significant uncertainties due to limited data availability and high spatiotemporal variability. We found the Elbe Estuary (Germany) to be a year-round source of N2O, with the highest emissions in winter along with high nitrogen loads. However, in spring and summer, N2O emissions did not decrease alongside lower nitrogen loads because organic matter fueled in situ N2O production along the estuary.
Francois Clayer, Jan-Erik Thrane, Kuria Ndungu, Andrew Luke King, Peter Dörsch, and Thomas Rohrlack
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1745, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1745, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Determination of dissolved greenhouse gas (GHG) in freshwaters allows to estimate GHG fluxes. Mercuric chloride (HgCl2) is used to preserve water samples prior to GHG analysis despite its environmental and health impacts, and interferences with water chemistry in freshwaters. Here, we tested the effect of HgCl2 and two substitutes, and storage time on GHG in water from two boreal lakes. Preservation with HgCl2 caused overestimation of CO2 concentration with consequences on GHG fluxes estimation.
Alex Mavrovic, Oliver Sonnentag, Juha Lemmetyinen, Jennifer L. Baltzer, Christophe Kinnard, and Alexandre Roy
Biogeosciences, 20, 2941–2970, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2941-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2941-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This review supports the integration of microwave spaceborne information into carbon cycle science for Arctic–boreal regions. The microwave data record spans multiple decades with frequent global observations of soil moisture and temperature, surface freeze–thaw cycles, vegetation water storage, snowpack properties, and land cover. This record holds substantial unexploited potential to better understand carbon cycle processes.
Guilherme L. Torres Mendonça, Christian H. Reick, and Julia Pongratz
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-101, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-101, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
We study the time-scale dependence of airborne fraction and underlying feedbacks by a theory of the climate-carbon system. Using simulations we show the predictive power of this theory and find that 1) this fraction generally decreases for increasing time scales, and 2) at all time scales the total feedback is negative and the model spread in a single feedback causes the spread in the airborne fraction. Our study indicates that those are properties of the system, independently of the scenario.
Zoé Rehder, Thomas Kleinen, Lars Kutzbach, Victor Stepanenko, Moritz Langer, and Victor Brovkin
Biogeosciences, 20, 2837–2855, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2837-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2837-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We use a new model to investigate how methane emissions from Arctic ponds change with warming. We find that emissions increase substantially. Under annual temperatures 5 °C above present temperatures, pond methane emissions are more than 3 times higher than now. Most of this increase is caused by an increase in plant productivity as plants provide the substrate microbes used to produce methane. We conclude that vegetation changes need to be included in predictions of pond methane emissions.
Julian Koch, Lars Elsgaard, Mogens H. Greve, Steen Gyldenkærne, Cecilie Hermansen, Gregor Levin, Shubiao Wu, and Simon Stisen
Biogeosciences, 20, 2387–2403, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2387-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2387-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Utilizing peatlands for agriculture leads to large emissions of greenhouse gases worldwide. The emissions are triggered by lowering the water table, which is a necessary step in order to make peatlands arable. Many countries aim at reducing their emissions by restoring peatlands, which can be achieved by stopping agricultural activities and thereby raising the water table. We estimate a total emission of 2.6 Mt CO2-eq for organic-rich peatlands in Denmark and a potential reduction of 77 %.
Mélissa Laurent, Matthias Fuchs, Tanja Herbst, Alexandra Runge, Susanne Liebner, and Claire C. Treat
Biogeosciences, 20, 2049–2064, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2049-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2049-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we investigated the effect of different parameters (temperature, landscape position) on the production of greenhouse gases during a 1-year permafrost thaw experiment. For very similar carbon and nitrogen contents, our results show a strong heterogeneity in CH4 production, as well as in microbial abundance. According to our study, these differences are mainly due to the landscape position and the hydrological conditions established as a result of the topography.
Michael Moubarak, Seeta Sistla, Stefano Potter, Susan M. Natali, and Brendan M. Rogers
Biogeosciences, 20, 1537–1557, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1537-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1537-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Tundra wildfires are increasing in frequency and severity with climate change. We show using a combination of field measurements and computational modeling that tundra wildfires result in a positive feedback to climate change by emitting significant amounts of long-lived greenhouse gasses. With these effects, attention to tundra fires is necessary for mitigating climate change.
Hanna I. Campen, Damian L. Arévalo-Martínez, and Hermann W. Bange
Biogeosciences, 20, 1371–1379, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1371-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1371-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a climate-relevant trace gas emitted from the ocean. However, oceanic CO cycling is understudied. Results from incubation experiments conducted in the Fram Strait (Arctic Ocean) indicated that (i) pH did not affect CO cycling and (ii) enhanced CO production and consumption were positively correlated with coloured dissolved organic matter and nitrate concentrations. This suggests microbial CO uptake to be the driving factor for CO cycling in the Arctic Ocean.
Yihong Zhu, Ruihua Liu, Huai Zhang, Shaoda Liu, Zhengfeng Zhang, Fei-Hai Yu, and Timothy G. Gregoire
Biogeosciences, 20, 1357–1370, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1357-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1357-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
With global warming, the risk of flooding is rising, but the response of the carbon cycle of aquatic and associated riparian systems
to flooding is still unclear. Based on the data collected in the Lijiang, we found that flooding would lead to significant carbon emissions of fluvial areas and riparian areas during flooding, but carbon capture may happen after flooding. In the riparian areas, the surviving vegetation, especially clonal plants, played a vital role in this transformation.
Lauri Heiskanen, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Henriikka Vekuri, Aleksi Räsänen, Tarmo Virtanen, Sari Juutinen, Annalea Lohila, Juha Mikola, and Mika Aurela
Biogeosciences, 20, 545–572, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-545-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-545-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We measured and modelled the CO2 and CH4 fluxes of the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of the subarctic landscape for 2 years. The landscape was an annual CO2 sink and a CH4 source. The forest had the largest contribution to the landscape-level CO2 sink and the peatland to the CH4 emissions. The lakes released 24 % of the annual net C uptake of the landscape back to the atmosphere. The C fluxes were affected most by the rainy peak growing season of 2017 and the drought event in July 2018.
Artem G. Lim, Ivan V. Krickov, Sergey N. Vorobyev, Mikhail A. Korets, Sergey Kopysov, Liudmila S. Shirokova, Jan Karlsson, and Oleg S. Pokrovsky
Biogeosciences, 19, 5859–5877, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5859-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5859-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In order to quantify C transport and emission and main environmental factors controlling the C cycle in Siberian rivers, we investigated the largest tributary of the Ob River, the Ket River basin, by measuring spatial and seasonal variations in carbon CO2 and CH4 concentrations and emissions together with hydrochemical analyses. The obtained results are useful for large-scale modeling of C emission and export fluxes from permafrost-free boreal rivers of an underrepresented region of the world.
Robert J. Parker, Chris Wilson, Edward Comyn-Platt, Garry Hayman, Toby R. Marthews, A. Anthony Bloom, Mark F. Lunt, Nicola Gedney, Simon J. Dadson, Joe McNorton, Neil Humpage, Hartmut Boesch, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Paul I. Palmer, and Dai Yamazaki
Biogeosciences, 19, 5779–5805, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5779-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5779-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane, one of the most important climate gases. The JULES land surface model simulates these emissions. We use satellite data to evaluate how well JULES reproduces the methane seasonal cycle over different tropical wetlands. It performs well for most regions; however, it struggles for some African wetlands influenced heavily by river flooding. We explain the reasons for these deficiencies and highlight how future development will improve these areas.
Saúl Edgardo Martínez Castellón, José Henrique Cattanio, José Francisco Berrêdo, Marcelo Rollnic, Maria de Lourdes Ruivo, and Carlos Noriega
Biogeosciences, 19, 5483–5497, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5483-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5483-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We seek to understand the influence of climatic seasonality and microtopography on CO2 and CH4 fluxes in an Amazonian mangrove. Topography and seasonality had a contrasting influence when comparing the two gas fluxes: CO2 fluxes were greater in high topography in the dry period, and CH4 fluxes were greater in the rainy season in low topography. Only CO2 fluxes were correlated with soil organic matter, the proportion of carbon and nitrogen, and redox potential.
Matthias Koschorreck, Klaus Holger Knorr, and Lelaina Teichert
Biogeosciences, 19, 5221–5236, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5221-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5221-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
At low water levels, parts of the bottom of rivers fall dry. These beaches or mudflats emit the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. We found that those emissions are caused by microbial reactions in the sediment and that they change with time. Emissions were influenced by many factors like temperature, water level, rain, plants, and light.
Wantong Zhang, Zhengyi Hu, Joachim Audet, Thomas A. Davidson, Enze Kang, Xiaoming Kang, Yong Li, Xiaodong Zhang, and Jinzhi Wang
Biogeosciences, 19, 5187–5197, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5187-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5187-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work focused on the CH4 and N2O emissions from alpine peatlands in response to the interactive effects of altered water table levels and increased nitrogen deposition. Across the 2-year mesocosm experiment, nitrogen deposition showed nonlinear effects on CH4 emissions and linear effects on N2O emissions, and these N effects were associated with the water table levels. Our results imply the future scenario of strengthened CH4 and N2O emissions from an alpine peatland.
Karel Castro-Morales, Anna Canning, Sophie Arzberger, Will A. Overholt, Kirsten Küsel, Olaf Kolle, Mathias Göckede, Nikita Zimov, and Arne Körtzinger
Biogeosciences, 19, 5059–5077, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5059-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5059-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw releases methane that can be emitted into the atmosphere or transported by Arctic rivers. Methane measurements are lacking in large Arctic river regions. In the Kolyma River (northeast Siberia), we measured dissolved methane to map its distribution with great spatial detail. The river’s edge and river junctions had the highest methane concentrations compared to other river areas. Microbial communities in the river showed that the river’s methane likely is from the adjacent land.
Sonja Gindorf, Hermann W. Bange, Dennis Booge, and Annette Kock
Biogeosciences, 19, 4993–5006, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4993-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4993-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Methane is a climate-relevant greenhouse gas which is emitted to the atmosphere from coastal areas such as the Baltic Sea. We measured the methane concentration in the water column of the western Kiel Bight. Methane concentrations were higher in September than in June. We found no relationship between the 2018 European heatwave and methane concentrations. Our results show that the methane distribution in the water column is strongly affected by temporal and spatial variabilities.
Margaret Capooci and Rodrigo Vargas
Biogeosciences, 19, 4655–4670, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4655-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4655-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Tidal salt marsh soil emits greenhouse gases, as well as sulfur-based gases, which play roles in global climate but are not well studied as they are difficult to measure. Traditional methods of measuring these gases worked relatively well for carbon dioxide, but less so for methane, nitrous oxide, carbon disulfide, and dimethylsulfide. High variability of trace gases complicates the ability to accurately calculate gas budgets and new approaches are needed for monitoring protocols.
Janne Rinne, Patryk Łakomiec, Patrik Vestin, Joel D. White, Per Weslien, Julia Kelly, Natascha Kljun, Lena Ström, and Leif Klemedtsson
Biogeosciences, 19, 4331–4349, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4331-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4331-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The study uses the stable isotope 13C of carbon in methane to investigate the origins of spatial and temporal variation in methane emitted by a temperate wetland ecosystem. The results indicate that methane production is more important for spatial variation than methane consumption by micro-organisms. Temporal variation on a seasonal timescale is most likely affected by more than one driver simultaneously.
Kukka-Maaria Kohonen, Roderick Dewar, Gianluca Tramontana, Aleksanteri Mauranen, Pasi Kolari, Linda M. J. Kooijmans, Dario Papale, Timo Vesala, and Ivan Mammarella
Biogeosciences, 19, 4067–4088, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4067-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4067-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Four different methods for quantifying photosynthesis (GPP) at ecosystem scale were tested, of which two are based on carbon dioxide (CO2) and two on carbonyl sulfide (COS) flux measurements. CO2-based methods are traditional partitioning, and a new method uses machine learning. We introduce a novel method for calculating GPP from COS fluxes, with potentially better applicability than the former methods. Both COS-based methods gave on average higher GPP estimates than the CO2-based estimates.
Lutz Beckebanze, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Josefine Walz, Christian Wille, David Holl, Manuel Helbig, Julia Boike, Torsten Sachs, and Lars Kutzbach
Biogeosciences, 19, 3863–3876, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3863-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3863-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we present observations of lateral and vertical carbon fluxes from a permafrost-affected study site in the Russian Arctic. From this dataset we estimate the net ecosystem carbon balance for this study site. We show that lateral carbon export has a low impact on the net ecosystem carbon balance during the complete study period (3 months). Nevertheless, our results also show that lateral carbon export can exceed vertical carbon uptake at the beginning of the growing season.
Shahar Baram, Asher Bar-Tal, Alon Gal, Shmulik P. Friedman, and David Russo
Biogeosciences, 19, 3699–3711, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3699-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3699-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Static chambers are the most common tool used to measure greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes. We tested the impact of such chambers on nitrous oxide emissions in drip irrigation. Field measurements and 3-D simulations show that the chamber base drastically affects the water and nutrient distribution in the soil and hence the measured GHG fluxes. A nomogram is suggested to determine the optimal diameter of a cylindrical chamber that ensures minimal disturbance.
Tracy E. Rankin, Nigel T. Roulet, and Tim R. Moore
Biogeosciences, 19, 3285–3303, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3285-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3285-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Peatland respiration is made up of plant and peat sources. How to separate these sources is not well known as peat respiration is not straightforward and is more influenced by vegetation dynamics than previously thought. Results of plot level measurements from shrubs and sparse grasses in a woody bog show that plants' respiration response to changes in climate is related to their different root structures, implying a difference in the mechanisms by which they obtain water resources.
Alison Bressler and Jennifer Blesh
Biogeosciences, 19, 3169–3184, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3169-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3169-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Our field experiment tested if a mixture of a nitrogen-fixing legume and non-legume cover crop could reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions following tillage, compared to the legume grown alone. We found higher N2O following both legume treatments, compared to those without, and lower emissions from the cover crop mixture at one of the two test sites, suggesting that interactions between cover crop types and soil quality influence N2O emissions.
Sari Juutinen, Mika Aurela, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Viktor Ivakhov, Maiju Linkosalmi, Aleksi Räsänen, Tarmo Virtanen, Juha Mikola, Johanna Nyman, Emmi Vähä, Marina Loskutova, Alexander Makshtas, and Tuomas Laurila
Biogeosciences, 19, 3151–3167, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes in heterogenous Arctic tundra in eastern Siberia. We found that tundra wetlands with sedge and grass vegetation contributed disproportionately to the landscape's ecosystem CO2 uptake and CH4 emissions to the atmosphere. Moreover, we observed high CH4 consumption in dry tundra, particularly in barren areas, offsetting part of the CH4 emissions from the wetlands.
Jessica Plein, Rulon W. Clark, Kyle A. Arndt, Walter C. Oechel, Douglas Stow, and Donatella Zona
Biogeosciences, 19, 2779–2794, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2779-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2779-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Tundra vegetation and the carbon balance of Arctic ecosystems can be substantially impacted by herbivory. We tested how herbivory by brown lemmings in individual enclosure plots have impacted carbon exchange of tundra ecosystems via altering carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes. Lemmings significantly decreased net CO2 uptake while not affecting CH4 emissions. There was no significant difference in the subsequent growing season due to recovery of the vegetation.
Jenie Gil, Maija E. Marushchak, Tobias Rütting, Elizabeth M. Baggs, Tibisay Pérez, Alexander Novakovskiy, Tatiana Trubnikova, Dmitry Kaverin, Pertti J. Martikainen, and Christina Biasi
Biogeosciences, 19, 2683–2698, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2683-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2683-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
N2O emissions from permafrost soils represent up to 11.6 % of total N2O emissions from natural soils, and their contribution to the global N2O budget will likely increase due to climate change. A better understanding of N2O production from permafrost soil is needed to evaluate the role of arctic ecosystems in the global N2O budget. By studying microbial N2O production processes in N2O hotspots in permafrost peatlands, we identified denitrification as the dominant source of N2O in these surfaces.
Christian Rödenbeck, Tim DeVries, Judith Hauck, Corinne Le Quéré, and Ralph F. Keeling
Biogeosciences, 19, 2627–2652, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2627-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2627-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The ocean is an important part of the global carbon cycle, taking up about a quarter of the anthropogenic CO2 emitted by burning of fossil fuels and thus slowing down climate change. However, the CO2 uptake by the ocean is, in turn, affected by variability and trends in climate. Here we use carbon measurements in the surface ocean to quantify the response of the oceanic CO2 exchange to environmental conditions and discuss possible mechanisms underlying this response.
Shuang Ma, Lifen Jiang, Rachel M. Wilson, Jeff P. Chanton, Scott Bridgham, Shuli Niu, Colleen M. Iversen, Avni Malhotra, Jiang Jiang, Xingjie Lu, Yuanyuan Huang, Jason Keller, Xiaofeng Xu, Daniel M. Ricciuto, Paul J. Hanson, and Yiqi Luo
Biogeosciences, 19, 2245–2262, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2245-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2245-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The relative ratio of wetland methane (CH4) emission pathways determines how much CH4 is oxidized before leaving the soil. We found an ebullition modeling approach that has a better performance in deep layer pore water CH4 concentration. We suggest using this approach in land surface models to accurately represent CH4 emission dynamics and response to climate change. Our results also highlight that both CH4 flux and belowground concentration data are important to constrain model parameters.
Mika Korkiakoski, Tiia Määttä, Krista Peltoniemi, Timo Penttilä, and Annalea Lohila
Biogeosciences, 19, 2025–2041, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2025-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2025-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We measured CH4 fluxes and production and oxidation potentials from irrigated and non-irrigated podzolic soil in a boreal forest. CH4 sink was smaller at the irrigated site but did not cause CH4 emission, with one exception. We also showed that under laboratory conditions, not only wet conditions, but also fresh carbon, are needed to make podzolic soil into a CH4 source. Our study provides important data for improving the process models describing the upland soil CH4 dynamics.
Sarah Shakil, Suzanne E. Tank, Jorien E. Vonk, and Scott Zolkos
Biogeosciences, 19, 1871–1890, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1871-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1871-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw-driven landslides in the western Arctic are increasing organic carbon delivered to headwaters of drainage networks in the western Canadian Arctic by orders of magnitude. Through a series of laboratory experiments, we show that less than 10 % of this organic carbon is likely to be mineralized to greenhouse gases during transport in these networks. Rather most of the organic carbon is likely destined for burial and sequestration for centuries to millennia.
Wolfgang Fischer, Christoph K. Thomas, Nikita Zimov, and Mathias Göckede
Biogeosciences, 19, 1611–1633, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1611-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1611-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic permafrost ecosystems may release large amounts of carbon under warmer future climates and may therefore accelerate global climate change. Our study investigated how long-term grazing by large animals influenced ecosystem characteristics and carbon budgets at a Siberian permafrost site. Our results demonstrate that such management can contribute to stabilizing ecosystems to keep carbon in the ground, particularly through drying soils and reducing methane emissions.
Dong-Gill Kim, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Youngryel Ryu, Bumsuk Seo, and Dario Papale
Biogeosciences, 19, 1435–1450, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1435-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1435-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As carbon (C) and greenhouse gas (GHG) research has adopted appropriate technology and approach (AT&A), low-cost instruments, open-source software, and participatory research and their results were well accepted by scientific communities. In terms of cost, feasibility, and performance, the integration of low-cost and low-technology, participatory and networking-based research approaches can be AT&A for enhancing C and GHG research in developing countries.
Lutz Beckebanze, Zoé Rehder, David Holl, Christian Wille, Charlotta Mirbach, and Lars Kutzbach
Biogeosciences, 19, 1225–1244, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1225-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1225-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic permafrost landscapes feature many water bodies. In contrast to the terrestrial parts of the landscape, the water bodies release carbon to the atmosphere. We compare carbon dioxide and methane fluxes from small water bodies to the surrounding tundra and find not accounting for the carbon dioxide emissions leads to an overestimation of the tundra uptake by 11 %. Consequently, changes in hydrology and water body distribution may substantially impact the overall carbon budget of the Arctic.
Cited articles
Barneze, A. S., Whitaker, J., McNamara, N. P., and Ostle, N. J.: Legumes increase grassland productivity with no effect on nitrous oxide emissions, Plant Soil, 446, 163–177, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04338-w, 2020.
Butterbach-Bahl, K., Kahl, M., Mykhayliv, L., Werner, C., Kiese, R., and Li, C.: A European-wide inventory of soil NO emissions using the biogeochemical models DNDC/Forest-DNDC, Atmos. Environ., 43, 1392–1402, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2008.02.008, 2009.
Butterbach-Bahl, K., Baggs, E. M., Dannenmann, M., Kiese, R., and Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S.: Nitrous oxide emissions from soils: How well do we understand the processes and their controls?, Philos. T. R. Soc. B, 368, 20130122, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0122, 2013.
Butterbach-Bahl, K., Grote, R., Haas, E., Kiese, R., Klatt, S., and Kraus, D.: LandscapeDNDC (v1.30.4), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) [data set], https://doi.org/10.35097/438 (last access: 25 May 2021), 2021.
Butterbach-Bahl, K., Kraus, D., Kiese, R., Mai, V. T., Nguyen, T., Sander, B. O., Wassmann, R., and Werner, C.: Activity data on crop management define uncertainty of CH4 and N2O emission estimates from rice: A case study of Vietnam, J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 185, 793–806, https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202200382, 2022.
Camargo, J. A. and Alonso, Á.: Ecological and toxicological effects of inorganic nitrogen pollution in aquatic ecosystems: A global assessment, Environ. Int., 32, 831–849, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2006.05.002, 2006.
Cameron, D. R., van Oijen, M., Werner, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Grote, R., Haas, E., Heuvelink, G. B. M., Kiese, R., Kros, J., Kuhnert, M., Leip, A., Reinds, G. J., Reuter, H. I., Schelhaas, M. J., de Vries, W., and Yeluripati, J.: Environmental change impacts on the C- and N-cycle of European forests: A model comparison study, Biogeosciences, 10, 1751–1773, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1751-2013, 2013.
Cayuela, M. L., Aguilera, E., Sanz-Cobena, A., Adams, D. C., Abalos, D., Barton, L., Ryals, R., Silver, W. L., Alfaro, M. A., Pappa, V. A., Smith, P., Garnier, J., Billen, G., Bouwman, L., Bondeau, A., and Lassaletta, L.: Direct nitrous oxide emissions in Mediterranean climate cropping systems: Emission factors based on a meta-analysis of available measurement data, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 238, 25–35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.006, 2017.
Chirinda, N., Kracher, D., Lægdsmand, M., Porter, J. R., Olesen, J. E., Petersen, B. M., Doltra, J., Kiese, R., and Butterbach-Bahl, K.: Simulating soil N2O emissions and heterotrophic CO2 respiration in arable systems using FASSET and MoBiLE-DNDC, Plant Soil, 343, 139–160, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0596-7, 2011.
Ciais, P., Wattenbach, M., Vuichard, N., Smith, P., Piao, S. L., Don, A., Luyssaert, S., Janssens, I. A., Bondeau, A., Dechow, R., Leip, A., Smith, P. C., Beer, C., van der werf, G. R., Gervois, S., van oost, K., Tomelleri, E., Freibauer, A., and Schulze, E. D.: The European carbon balance, Part 2: Croplands, Glob. Change Biol., 16, 1409–1428, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02055.x, 2010.
Dambreville, C., Morvan, T., and Germon, J. C.: N2O emission in maize-crops fertilized with pig slurry, matured pig manure or ammonium nitrate in Brittany, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 123, 201–210, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2007.06.001, 2008.
Davidson, E. A. and Kanter, D.: Inventories and scenarios of nitrous oxide emissions, Environ. Res. Lett., 9, 105012, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/10/105012, 2014.
del Grosso, S. J., Mosier, A. R., Parton, W. J., and Ojima, D. S.: DAYCENT model analysis of past and contemporary soil N2O and net greenhouse gas flux for major crops in the USA, Soil Till. Res., 83, 9–24, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STILL.2005.02.007, 2005.
del Grosso, S. J., Ojima, D. S., Parton, W. J., Stehfest, E., Heistemann, M., DeAngelo, B., and Rose, S.: Global scale DAYCENT model analysis of greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation strategies for cropped soils, Glob. Planet Change, 67, 44–50, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GLOPLACHA.2008.12.006, 2009.
de Vries, W., Leip, A., Reinds, G. J., Kros, J., Lesschen, J. P., and Bouwman, A. F.: Comparison of land nitrogen budgets for European agriculture by various modeling approaches, Environ. Pollut., 159, 3254–3268, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.03.038, 2011.
European Fertilizer Manufacturers Association (EFMA): Forecast of Food, Farming and Fertilizer Use in the European Union 2008–2018, 15 pp., Eur. Fert. Manuf. Assoc., Brussels, 2009.
Erisman, J. W., Galloway, J., Seitzinger, S., Bleeker, A., and Butterbach-Bahl, K.: Reactive nitrogen in the environment and its effect on climate change, Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain., 3, 281–290, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COSUST.2011.08.012, 2011.
ESDB: European Soil Database (ESDB) v2.0 – raster version: https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ESDB_Archive/ESDB/ESDB_Data/ESDB_v2_data_smu_1k.html (last access: 13 January 2019), 2004.
EU-Commission: Tracking progress towards Kyoto and 2020 targets in Europe – European Environment Agency: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/progress-towards-kyoto, last access: 13 January 2014.
EU-Commission: European Commission-Press release: Nitrates: Commission decides to refer Greece to the Court of Justice and asks for financial sanctions, ISBN: 0080067891, IP/19/1482, https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/ro/IP_19_14 (last access: 15 February 2020), 2019.
Franke, J. A., Müller, C., Elliott, J., Ruane, A. C., Jägermeyr, J., Balkovic, J., Ciais, P., Dury, M., Falloon, P. D., Folberth, C., François, L., Hank, T., Hoffmann, M., Izaurralde, R. C., Jacquemin, I., Jones, C., Khabarov, N., Koch, M., Li, M., Liu, W., Olin, S., Phillips, M., Pugh, T. A. M., Reddy, A., Wang, X., Williams, K., Zabel, F., and Moyer, E. J.: The GGCMI Phase 2 experiment: global gridded crop model simulations under uniform changes in CO2, temperature, water, and nitrogen levels (protocol version 1.0), Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2315–2336, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2315-2020, 2020.
Fuchs, K., Merbold, L., Buchmann, N., Bretscher, D., Brilli, L., Fitton, N., Topp, C. F. E., Klumpp, K., Lieffering, M., Martin, R., Newton, P. C. D., Rees, R. M., Rolinski, S., Smith, P., and Snow, V.: Multimodel Evaluation of Nitrous Oxide Emissions From an Intensively Managed Grassland, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 125, e2019JG005261, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JG005261, 2020.
Gabrielle, B., Laville, P., Hénault, C., Nicoullaud, B., and Germon, J. C.: Simulation of nitrous oxide emissions from wheat-cropped soils using CERES, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst., 74, 133–146, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-005-5771-5, 2006.
Galloway, J. N., Leach, A. M., Bleeker, A., and Erisman, J. W.: A chronology of human understanding of the nitrogen cycle, Philos. T. R. Soc. B, 368, 0130120, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0120, 2013.
Garnett, T., Appleby, M. C., Balmford, A., Bateman, I. J., Benton, T. G., Bloomer, P., Burlingame, B., Dawkins, M., Dolan, L., Fraser, D., Herrero, M., Hoffmann, I., Smith, P., Thornton, P. K., Toulmin, C., Vermeulen, S. J., and Godfray, H. C. J.: Sustainable intensification in agriculture: Premises and policies, Science, 341, 33–34, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1234485, 2013.
Geels, C., Andersen, H. v., Ambelas Skjøth, C., Christensen, J. H., Ellermann, T., Løfstrøm, P., Gyldenkærne, S., Brandt, J., Hansen, K. M., Frohn, L. M., and Hertel, O.: Improved modelling of atmospheric ammonia over Denmark using the coupled modelling system DAMOS, Biogeosciences, 9, 2625–2647, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2625-2012, 2012.
Godfray, H. C. J., Beddington, J. R., Crute, I. R., Haddad, L., Lawrence, D., Muir, J. F., Pretty, J., Robinson, S., Thomas, S. M., and Toulmin, C.: Food security: The challenge of feeding 9 billion people, Science, 327, 812–818, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1185383, 2010.
Grosz, B., Matson, A., Butterbach-Bah, K., Clough, T., Davidson, E. A., Dechow, R., Diamantopoulos, E., Dörsch, P., Haas, E., He, H., Henri, C. V, Hui, D., Well, R., Yeluripati, J., Zhang, J., and Scheer, C.: Modeling denitrification: can we report what we don't know?, ESS Open Archive, 4, e2023AV000990, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.168500283.32887682/v1, 2023.
Grote, R., Lehmann, E., Brümmer, C., Brüggemann, N., Szarzynski, J., and Kunstmann, H.: Modelling and observation of biosphere–atmosphere interactions in natural savannah in Burkina Faso, West Africa, Phys. Chem. Earth Pt. A/B/C, 34, 251–260, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PCE.2008.05.003, 2009.
Gurung, R. B., Ogle, S. M., Breidt, F. J., Williams, S. A., and Parton, W. J.: Bayesian calibration of the DayCent ecosystem model to simulate soil organic carbon dynamics and reduce model uncertainty, Geoderma, 376, 114529, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114529, 2020.
Haas, E., Klatt, S., Fröhlich, A., Kraft, P., Werner, C., Kiese, R., Grote, R., Breuer, L., and Butterbach-Bahl, K.: LandscapeDNDC: A process model for simulation of biosphere-atmosphere-hydrosphere exchange processes at site and regional scale, Landsc. Ecol., 28, 615–636, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-012-9772-x, 2013.
Haas, E., Carozzi, M., Massad, R. S., Butterbach-Bahl, K., and Scheer, C.: Long term impact of residue management on soil organic carbon stocks and nitrous oxide emissions from European croplands, Sci. Total Environ., 836, 154932, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2022.154932, 2022.
He, W., Jiang, R., He, P., Yang, J., Zhou, W., Ma, J., and Liu, Y.: Estimating soil nitrogen balance at regional scale in China's croplands from 1984 to 2014, Agr. Syst., 167, 125–135, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AGSY.2018.09.002, 2018.
Heinen, M.: Application of a widely used denitrification model to Dutch data sets, Geoderma, 133, 464–473, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GEODERMA.2005.08.011, 2006.
Hénault, C., Bizouard, F., Laville, P., Gabrielle, B., Nicoullaud, B., Germon, J. C., and Cellier, P.: Predicting in situ soil N2O emission using NOE algorithm and soil database, Glob. Change Biol., 11, 115–127, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00879.x, 2005.
Holst, J., Grote, R., Offermann, C., Ferrio, J. P., Gessler, A., Mayer, H., and Rennenberg, H.: Water fluxes within beech stands in complex terrain, Int. J. Biometeorol., 54, 23–36, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-009-0248-x, 2010.
Houska, T., Kraft, P., Liebermann, R., Klatt, S., Kraus, D., Haas, E., Santabarbara, I., Kiese, R., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Müller, C., and Breuer, L.: Rejecting hydro-biogeochemical model structures by multi-criteria evaluation, Environ. Modell. Softw., 93, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.03.005, 2017.
IFADATA: International Fertilizer Association database, http://ifadata.fertilizer.org/ucSearch.aspx (last access: 13 January 2019), 2015.
IPCC: Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories – IPCC, https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html (last access: 12 January 2019), 2019.
Jägermeyr, J., Müller, C., Ruane, A. C., Elliott, J., Balkovic, J., Castillo, O., Faye, B., Foster, I., Folberth, C., Franke, J. A., Fuchs, K., Guarin, J. R., Heinke, J., Hoogenboom, G., Iizumi, T., Jain, A. K., Kelly, D., Khabarov, N., Lange, S., Lin, T. S., Liu, W., Mialyk, O., Minoli, S., Moyer, E. J., Okada, M., Phillips, M., Porter, C., Rabin, S. S., Scheer, C., Schneider, J. M., Schyns, J. F., Skalsky, R., Smerald, A., Stella, T., Stephens, H., Webber, H., Zabel, F., and Rosenzweig, C.: Climate impacts on global agriculture emerge earlier in new generation of climate and crop models, Nat. Food, 2, 873–885, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00400-y, 2021.
Janz, B., Havermann, F., Lashermes, G., Zuazo, P., Engelsberger, F., Torabi, S. M., and Butterbach-Bahl, K.: Effects of crop residue incorporation and properties on combined soil gaseous N2O, NO, and NH3 emissions – A laboratory-based measurement approach, Sci. Total Environ., 807, 151051, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2021.151051, 2022.
Jones, C. M., Spor, A., Brennan, F. P., Breuil, M. C., Bru, D., Lemanceau, P., Griffiths, B., Hallin, S., and Philippot, L.: Recently identified microbial guild mediates soil N2O sink capacity, Nat. Clim. Change, 4, 801–805, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2301, 2014.
Kalivas, D., Kollias, V., Kalivas, D. P., and Kollias, V. J.: Effects of soil, climate and cultivation techniques on cotton yield in Central Greece, using different statistical methods, Agronomie, 21, 73–89, https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:2001110, 2001.
Kasper, M., Foldal, C., Kitzler, B., Haas, E., Strauss, P., Eder, A., Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S., and Amon, B.: N2O emissions and NO
Kim, Y., Seo, Y., Kraus, D., Klatt, S., Haas, E., Tenhunen, J., and Kiese, R.: Estimation and mitigation of N2O emission and nitrate leaching from intensive crop cultivation in the Haean catchment, South Korea, Sci. Total Environ., 529, 40–53, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2015.04.098, 2015.
Klatt, S., Kraus, D., Rahn, K.-H., Werner, C., Kiese, R., Butterbach-Bahl, K., and Haas, E.: Parameter-Induced Uncertainty Quantification of Regional N2O Emissions and NO3 Leaching using the Biogeochemical Model LandscapeDNDC, Adv. Agr. Syst. Model., 6, 149–171, https://doi.org/10.2134/advagricsystmodel6.2013.0001, 2015.
Kraus, D., Weller, S., Klatt, S., Haas, E., Wassmann, R., Kiese, R., and Butterbach-Bahl, K.: A new LandscapeDNDC biogeochemical module to predict CH4 and N2O emissions from lowland rice and upland cropping systems, Plant Soil, 386, 125–149, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2255-x, 2014.
Larocque, G. R., Bhatti, J. S., Boutin, R., and Chertov, O.: Uncertainty analysis in carbon cycle models of forest ecosystems: Research needs and development of a theoretical framework to estimate error propagation, Ecol. Modell., 219, 400–412, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ECOLMODEL.2008.07.024, 2008.
Lee, K. M., Lee, M. H., Lee, J. S., and Lee, J. Y.: Uncertainty analysis of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions simulated by the parametric Monte Carlo simulation and nonparametric bootstrap method, Energies, 13, 4965, https://doi.org/10.3390/en13184965, 2020.
Lehuger, S., Gabrielle, B., Oijen, M. van, Makowski, D., Germon, J. C., Morvan, T., and Hénault, C.: Bayesian calibration of the nitrous oxide emission module of an agro-ecosystem model, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 133, 208–222, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.04.022, 2009a.
Lehuger, S., Gabrielle, B., Oijen, M. van, Makowski, D., Germon, J. C., Morvan, T., and Hénault, C.: Bayesian calibration of the nitrous oxide emission module of an agro-ecosystem model, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 133, 208–222, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AGEE.2009.04.022, 2009b.
Leip, A., Busto, M., Corazza, M., Bergamaschi, P., Koeble, R., Dechow, R., Monni, S., and de Vries, W.: Estimation of N2O fluxes at the regional scale: Data, models, challenges, Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain., 3, 328–338, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2011.07.002, 2011.
Li, C. S.: Modeling trace gas emissions from agricultural ecosystems, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst., 58, 259–276, 2000.
Li, X., Yeluripati, J., Jones, E. O., Uchida, Y., and Hatano, R.: Hierarchical Bayesian calibration of nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrogen monoxide (NO) flux module of an agro-ecosystem model: ECOSSE, Ecol Modell, 316, 14–27, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ECOLMODEL.2015.07.020, 2015.
Lu, X.: A meta-analysis of the effects of crop residue return on crop yields and water use efficiency, PLoS One, 15, e0231740, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231740, 2020.
Lugato, E., Bampa, F., Panagos, P., Montanarella, L., and Jones, A.: Potential carbon sequestration of European arable soils estimated by modelling a comprehensive set of management practices, Glob. Change Biol., 20, 3557–3567, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12551, 2014.
Lugato, E., Leip, A., and Jones, A.: Mitigation potential of soil carbon management overestimated by neglecting N2O emissions, Nat. Clim. Change, 8, 219–223, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0087-z, 2018.
Lyra, A. and Loukas, A.: Impacts of irrigation and nitrate fertilization scenarios on groundwater resources quantity and quality of the Almyros Basin, Greece, Water Supp., 21, 2748–2759, https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.097, 2021.
Mavromatis, T.: Spatial resolution effects on crop yield forecasts: An application to rainfed wheat yield in north Greece with CERES-Wheat, Agr. Syst., 143, 38–48, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2015.12.002, 2016.
Molina-Herrera, S., Grote, R., Santabárbara-Ruiz, I., Kraus, D., Klatt, S., Haas, E., Kiese, R., and Butterbach-Bahl, K.: Simulation of CO2 fluxes in European forest ecosystems with the coupled soil-vegetation process model “LandscapeDNDC”, Forests, 6, 1779–1809, https://doi.org/10.3390/f6061779, 2015.
Molina-Herrera, S., Haas, E., Klatt, S., Kraus, D., Augustin, J., Magliulo, V., Tallec, T., Ceschia, E., Ammann, C., Loubet, B., Skiba, U., Jones, S., Brümmer, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., and Kiese, R.: A modeling study on mitigation of N2O emissions and NO3 leaching at different agricultural sites across Europe using LandscapeDNDC, Sci. Total Environ., 553, 128–140, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.099, 2016.
Molina-Herrera, S., Haas, E., Grote, R., Kiese, R., Klatt, S., Kraus, D., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Kampffmeyer, T., Friedrich, R., Andreae, H., Loubet, B., Ammann, C., Horváth, L., Larsen, K., Gruening, C., Frumau, A., and Butterbach-Bahl, K.: Importance of soil NO emissions for the total atmospheric NOx budget of Saxony, Germany, Atmos. Environ., 152, 61–76, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2016.12.022, 2017.
Morris, M. D.: Factorial Sampling Plans for Preliminary Computational Experiments, Technometrics, 33, 161–174, 1991.
Musacchio, A., Re, V., Mas-Pla, J., and Sacchi, E.: EU Nitrates Directive, from theory to practice: Environmental effectiveness and influence of regional governance on its performance, Ambio, 49, 504–516, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-019-01197-8, 2020.
Myrgiotis, V., Rees, R. M., Topp, C. F. E., and Williams, M.: A systematic approach to identifying key parameters and processes in agroecosystem models, Ecol. Modell., 368, 344–356, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.12.009, 2018a.
Myrgiotis, V., Williams, M., Topp, C. F. E., and Rees, R. M.: Improving model prediction of soil N2O emissions through Bayesian calibration, Sci. Total Environ., 624, 1467–1477, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.202, 2018b.
Myrgiotis, V., Williams, M., Rees, R. M., and Topp, C. F. E.: Estimating the soil N2O emission intensity of croplands in northwest Europe, Biogeosciences, 16, 1641–1655, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1641-2019, 2019.
OECD: Nutrient balance (indicator), https://data.oecd.org/agrland/nutrient-balance.htm (last access: 16 February 2020), 2020
Petersen, K., Kraus, D., Calanca, P., Semenov, M. A., Butterbach-Bahl, K., and Kiese, R.: Dynamic simulation of management events for assessing impacts of climate change on pre-alpine grassland productivity, Europ. J. Agron., 128, 126306, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EJA.2021.126306, 2021.
Petersen, R. J., Blicher-Mathiesen, G., Rolighed, J., Andersen, H. E., and Kronvang, B.: Three decades of regulation of agricultural nitrogen losses: Experiences from the Danish Agricultural Monitoring Program, Sci. Total Environ., 787, 147619, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2021.147619, 2021.
Portmann, F. T., Siebert, S., and Döll, P.: MIRCA2000-Global monthly irrigated and rainfed crop areas around the year 2000: A new high-resolution data set for agricultural and hydrological modeling, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 24, GB1011, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gb003435, 2010.
Rahn, K. H., Werner, C., Kiese, R., Haas, E., and Butterbach-Bahl, K.: Parameter-induced uncertainty quantification of soil N2O, NO and CO2 emission from Höglwald spruce forest (Germany) using the LandscapeDNDC model, Biogeosciences, 9, 3983–3998, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3983-2012, 2012.
Ranucci, S., Bertolini, T., Vitale, L., di Tommasi, P., Ottaiano, L., Oliva, M., Amato, U., Fierro, A., and Magliulo, V.: The influence of management and environmental variables on soil N2O emissions in a crop system in Southern Italy, Plant Soil, 343, 83–96, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0674-x, 2011.
Ravishankara, A. R., Daniel, J. S., and Portmann, R. W.: Nitrous oxide (N2O): The dominant ozone-depleting substance emitted in the 21st century, Science, 326, 123–125, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1176985, 2009.
Refsgaard, J. C., van der Sluijs, J. P., Højberg, A. L., and Vanrolleghem, P. A.: Uncertainty in the environmental modelling process – A framework and guidance, Environ. Modell. Softw., 22, 1543–1556, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVSOFT.2007.02.004, 2007.
Robert, C. and Casella, G.: A short history of Markov Chain Monte Carlo: Subjective recollections from incomplete data, Stat. Sci., 26, 102–115, https://doi.org/10.1214/10-STS351, 2011.
Saltelli, A., Tarantola, S., and Campolongo, F.: Sensitivity Analysis as an Ingredient of Modeling, Stat. Sci., 15, 377–395, 2000.
Santabárbara, I.: Analysis and quantification of parametric and structural uncertainty of the LandscapeDNDC model for simulating biosphere-atmosphere-hydrosphere exchange processes, Ph.D. thesis, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research – Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany, 172 pp., 2019.
Schroeck, A. M., Gaube, V., Haas, E., and Winiwarter, W.: Estimating nitrogen flows of agricultural soils at a landscape level – A modelling study of the Upper Enns Valley, a long-term socio-ecological research region in Austria, Sci. Total Environ., 665, 275–289, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.071, 2019.
Sidiropoulos, C. and Tsilingiridis, G.: Trends of livestock-related NH3, CH4, N2O and PM emissions in Greece, Water Air Soil Pollut., 199, 277–289, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9877-7, 2009.
Smerald, A., Fuchs, K., Kraus, D., Butterbach-Bahl, K., and Scheer, C.: Significant Global Yield-Gap Closing Is Possible Without Increasing the Intensity of Environmentally Harmful Nitrogen Losses, Front Sustain Food Syst, 6, 736394, https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.736394, 2022.
Smith, P., Martino, D., Cai, Z., Gwary, D., Janzen, H., Kumar, P., McCarl, B., Ogle, S., O'Mara, F., Rice, C., Scholes, B., Sirotenko, O., Howden, M., McAllister, T., Pan, G., Romanenkov, V., Schneider, U., Towprayoon, S., Wattenbach, M., and Smith, J.: Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture, Philos. T. R. Soc. B, 363, 789–813, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2184, 2008.
Stehfest, E. and Bouwman, L.: N2O and NO emission from agricultural fields and soils under natural vegetation: Summarizing available measurement data and modeling of global annual emissions, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst., 74, 207–228, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-006-9000-7, 2006.
Sutton, M. A., Reis, S., Riddick, S. N., Dragosits, U., Nemitz, E., Theobald, M. R., Tang, Y. S., Braban, C. F., Vieno, M., Dore, A. J., Mitchell, R. F., Wanless, S., Daunt, F., Fowler, D., Blackall, T. D., Milford, C., Flechard, C. R., Loubet, B., Massad, R., Cellier, P., Personne, E., Coheur, P. F., Clarisse, L., van Damme, M., Ngadi, Y., Clerbaux, C., Skjøth, C. A., Geels, C., Hertel, O., Kruit, R. J. W., Pinder, R. W., Bash, J. O., Walker, J. T., Simpson, D., Horváth, L., Misselbrook, T. H., Bleeker, A., Dentener, F., and de Vries, W.: Towards a climate-dependent paradigm of ammonia emission and deposition, Philos. T. R. Soc. B, 368, 20130166, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0166, 2013.
Thomas, D., Johannes, K., David, K., Rüdiger, G., and Ralf, K.: Impacts of management and climate change on nitrate leaching in a forested karst area, J. Environ. Manag., 165, 243–252, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2015.09.039, 2016.
Thompson, R. L., Lassaletta, L., Patra, P. K., Wilson, C., Wells, K. C., Gressent, A., Koffi, E. N., Chipperfield, M. P., Winiwarter, W., Davidson, E. A., Tian, H., and Canadell, J. G.: Acceleration of global N2O emissions seen from two decades of atmospheric inversion, Nat. Clim. Change, 9, 993–998, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0613-7, 2019.
Tsakmakis, I. D., Kokkos, N. P., Gikas, G. D., Pisinaras, V., Hatzigiannakis, E., Arampatzis, G., and Sylaios, G. K.: Evaluation of AquaCrop model simulations of cotton growth under deficit irrigation with an emphasis on root growth and water extraction patterns, Agr. Water Manag., 213, 419–432, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2018.10.029, 2019.
Velthof, G. L., Oudendag, D., Witzke, H. P., Asman, W. A. H., Klimont, Z., and Oenema, O.: Integrated Assessment of Nitrogen Losses from Agriculture in EU-27 using MITERRA-EUROPE, J. Environ. Qual., 38, 402–417, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0108, 2009.
Vogeler, I., Giltrap, D., and Cichota, R.: Comparison of APSIM and DNDC simulations of nitrogen transformations and N2O emissions, Sci. Total Environ., 465, 147–155, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.021, 2013.
Voloudakis, D., Karamanos, A., Economou, G., Kalivas, D., Vahamidis, P., Kotoulas, V., Kapsomenakis, J., and Zerefos, C.: Prediction of climate change impacts on cotton yields in Greece under eight climatic models using the AquaCrop crop simulation model and discriminant function analysis, Agr. Water Manag., 147, 116–128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2014.07.028, 2015.
Wang, G. and Chen, S.: A review on parameterization and uncertainty in modeling greenhouse gas emissions from soil, Geoderma, 170, 206–216, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GEODERMA.2011.11.009, 2012.
Werner, C., Haas, E., Grote, R., Gauder, M., Graeff-Hönninger, S., Claupein, W., and Butterbach-Bahl, K.: Biomass production potential from Populus short rotation systems in Romania, GCB Bioenergy, 4, 642–653, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01180.x, 2012.
Zhang, W., Liu, C., Zheng, X., Zhou, Z., Cui, F., Zhu, B., Haas, E., Klatt, S., Butterbach-Bahl, K., and Kiese, R.: Comparison of the DNDC, LandscapeDNDC and IAP-N-GAS models for simulating nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions from the winter wheat–summer maize rotation system, Agr. Syst., 140, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AGSY.2015.08.003, 2015.
Zistl-Schlingmann, M., Kwatcho Kengdo, S., Kiese, R., and Dannenmann, M.: Management Intensity Controls Nitrogen-Use-Efficiency and Flows in Grasslands – A 15N Tracing Experiment, Agronomy, 10, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040606, 2020.
Short summary
We performed a full assessment of the carbon and nitrogen cycles of a cropland ecosystem. An uncertainty analysis and quantification of all carbon and nitrogen fluxes were deployed. The inventory simulations include greenhouse gas emissions of N2O, NH3 volatilization and NO3 leaching from arable land cultivation in Greece. The inventory also reports changes in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in arable soils.
We performed a full assessment of the carbon and nitrogen cycles of a cropland ecosystem. An...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint