Articles | Volume 18, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1395-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1395-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
23 Feb 2021
Research article |
| 23 Feb 2021
| 23 Feb 2021
The effect of the salinity, light regime and food source on carbon and nitrogen uptake in a benthic foraminifer
Michael Lintner
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Bianca Lintner
Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Wolfgang Wanek
Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Nina Keul
Institute of Geosciences,
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Petra Heinz
Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Related authors
Michael Lintner, Bianca Biedrawa, Julia Wukovits, Wolfgang Wanek, and Petra Heinz
Biogeosciences, 17, 3723–3732, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3723-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3723-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Foraminifera are unicellular marine organisms that play an important role in the marine element cycle. Changes of environmental parameters such as salinity or temperature have a significant impact on the faunal assemblages. Our experiments show that changing salinity in the German Wadden Sea immediately influences the foraminiferal community. It seems that A. tepida is better adapted to salinity fluctuations than H. germanica.
Johanna Schlögl, Clemens Karwautz, Lena Cramaro, Wolfgang Wanek, Judith Prommer, Theresa Böckle, Andreas Kappler, Stefan B. Haderlein, and Christian Griebler
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2577, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2577, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Biogeosciences (BG).
Short summary
Short summary
Climate change enhances the occurrence of summer droughts and heavy rainfall events in Central Europe. We investigated the response of inorganic nitrogen cycling, redox conditions and microbial community composition to an artificial heavy rain event following a drought in shallow arable soil. Redox conditions changed fast with the hydraulic event triggering nitrogen transport and turnover. Microbial communities reacted moderately in terms of composition but exhibited enzyme activity changes.
Lisa Noll, Shasha Zhang, Qing Zheng, Yuntao Hu, Florian Hofhansl, and Wolfgang Wanek
Biogeosciences, 19, 5419–5433, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5419-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5419-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Cleavage of proteins to smaller nitrogen compounds allows microorganisms and plants to exploit the largest nitrogen reservoir in soils and is considered the bottleneck in soil organic nitrogen cycling. Results from soils covering a European transect show that protein turnover is constrained by soil geochemistry, shifts in climate and associated alterations in soil weathering and should be considered as a driver of soil nitrogen availability with repercussions on carbon cycle processes.
Michael Lintner, Bianca Biedrawa, Julia Wukovits, Wolfgang Wanek, and Petra Heinz
Biogeosciences, 17, 3723–3732, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3723-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3723-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Foraminifera are unicellular marine organisms that play an important role in the marine element cycle. Changes of environmental parameters such as salinity or temperature have a significant impact on the faunal assemblages. Our experiments show that changing salinity in the German Wadden Sea immediately influences the foraminiferal community. It seems that A. tepida is better adapted to salinity fluctuations than H. germanica.
Nicolás Valiente, Franz Jirsa, Thomas Hein, Wolfgang Wanek, Patricia Bonin, and Juan José Gómez-Alday
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-20, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-20, 2020
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
Saline lakes are prone to the accumulation of anthropogenic contaminants, making them highly vulnerable environments to nitrate pollution. We used the revised 15N-isotope pairing technique with sediments from a eutrophic hypersaline lake to unravel the nitrate removal pathways carrying on. Our work shows for the first time the coexistence of denitrification, DNRA and anammox in a highly saline/hypersaline lake, with extraordinarily high rates of coupled DNRA-anammox.
Wolfgang Wanek, David Zezula, Daniel Wasner, Maria Mooshammer, and Judith Prommer
Biogeosciences, 16, 3047–3068, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3047-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3047-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Efforts to understand the global phosphorus (P) cycle are limited by the scarcity of global data on rates of soil P processes, as well as on its environmental controls. Here, we present a novel approach using radiophosphorus labeling of soils, which allows for the measurement of fluxes of abiotic and biotic soil P processes. This approach is also suitable for strongly weathered and P-depleted soils. Biotic processes are corrected for abiotic processes by comparing live and sterile soils.
Julia Wukovits, Max Oberrauch, Annekatrin J. Enge, and Petra Heinz
Biogeosciences, 15, 6185–6198, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6185-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6185-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Single-celled, benthic foraminifera play a major role in marine biogeochemical cycling. This study compares the organic-matter-derived carbon and nitrogen processing of two abundant intertidal foraminifera species. The results of our laboratory feeding experiments suggest a significant difference in the contributions of each species to coastal carbon and nitrogen fluxes, which is mainly attributed to their different metabolic lifestyles.
Julia Wukovits, Annekatrin Julie Enge, Wolfgang Wanek, Margarete Watzka, and Petra Heinz
Biogeosciences, 14, 2815–2829, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2815-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2815-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports the response of two intertidal foraminifera to increased temperatures on the level of carbon and nitrogen uptake. Interspecific variations in the ability to cope with shifting environmental variables within the two commonly associated species show that temperature and food source might be critical factors that control their abundances. This should support the interpretation of sediment samples and increase knowledge about nutrient fluxes through foraminiferal communities.
Related subject area
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function: Marine
Sedimentary ancient DNA insights into foraminiferal diversity near the grounding line in the western Ross Sea, Antarctica
Ideas and perspectives: How sediment archives can improve model projections of marine ecosystem change
Multispecies expression of coccolithophore vital effects with changing CO2 concentrations and pH in the laboratory with insights for reconstructing CO2 levels in geological history
The distribution and abundance of planktonic foraminifera under summer sea ice in the Arctic Ocean
Biological response of eelgrass epifauna, Taylor's Sea hare (Phyllaplysia taylori) and eelgrass isopod (Idotea resecata), to elevated ocean alkalinity
Benthic ostracod diversity and biogeography in an urban semi–enclosed eutrophic riverine bay
Including the invisible: deep depth-integrated chlorophyll estimates from remote sensing may assist in identifying biologically important areas in oligotrophic coastal margins
Growth response of Emiliania huxleyi to ocean alkalinity enhancement
Phytoplankton adaptation to steady or changing environments affects marine ecosystem functioning
Characterizing regional oceanography and bottom environmental conditions at two contrasting sponge grounds on the northern Labrador Shelf
Particulate inorganic carbon quotas by coccolithophores in low oxygen/low pH waters off the Southeast Pacific margin
Reviews and Syntheses: Trait-based approach to constrain controls on planktic foraminiferal ecology: key trade-offs and current knowledge gaps
Refining Marine Net Primary Production Estimates: Advanced Uncertainty Quantification through Probability Prediction Models
Seasonal foraging behavior of Weddell seals in relation to oceanographic environmental conditions in the Ross Sea, Antarctica
Multifactorial effects of warming, low irradiance, and low salinity on Arctic kelps
Extraordinary bloom of toxin-producing phytoplankton enhanced by strong retention in offshore continental shelf waters
Early life stages of fish under ocean alkalinity enhancement in coastal plankton communities
Planktonic foraminifera assemblage composition and flux dynamics inferred from an annual sediment trap record in the central Mediterranean Sea
Reefal ostracod assemblages from the Zanzibar Archipelago (Tanzania)
Composite calcite and opal test in Foraminifera (Rhizaria)
Influence of oxygen minimum zone on macrobenthic community structure in the northern Benguela Upwelling System: a macro-nematode perspective
Simulated terrestrial runoff shifts the metabolic balance of a coastal Mediterranean plankton community towards heterotrophy
Contrasting carbon cycling in the benthic food webs between a river-fed, high-energy canyon and an upper continental slope
A critical trade-off between nitrogen quota and growth allows Coccolithus braarudii life cycle phases to exploit varying environment
Structural complexity and benthic metabolism: resolving the links between carbon cycling and biodiversity in restored seagrass meadows
Building your own mountain: the effects, limits, and drawbacks of cold-water coral ecosystem engineering
Phytoplankton response to increased nickel in the context of ocean alkalinity enhancement
Diversity and density relationships between lebensspuren and tracemaking organisms: a study case from abyssal northwest Pacific
Technical note: An autonomous flow-through salinity and temperature perturbation mesocosm system for multi-stressor experiments
Reviews and syntheses: The clam before the storm – a meta-analysis showing the effect of combined climate change stressors on bivalves
A step towards measuring connectivity in the deep sea: elemental fingerprints of mollusk larval shells discriminate hydrothermal vent sites
Spawner weight and ocean temperature drive Allee effect dynamics in Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua: inherent and emergent density regulation
Bacterioplankton dark CO2 fixation in oligotrophic waters
The bottom mixed layer depth as an indicator of subsurface Chlorophyll a distribution
Ideas and perspectives: The fluctuating nature of oxygen shapes the ecology of aquatic habitats and their biogeochemical cycles – the aquatic oxyscape
Impact of deoxygenation and warming on global marine species in the 21st century
Ecological divergence of a mesocosm in an eastern boundary upwelling system assessed with multi-marker environmental DNA metabarcoding
Unique benthic foraminiferal communities (stained) in diverse environments of sub-Antarctic fjords, South Georgia
Upwelled plankton community modulates surface bloom succession and nutrient availability in a natural plankton assemblage
First phytoplankton community assessment of the Kong Håkon VII Hav, Southern Ocean, during austral autumn
Early life stages of a Mediterranean coral are vulnerable to ocean warming and acidification
Mediterranean seagrasses as carbon sinks: methodological and regional differences
Contrasting vertical distributions of recent planktic foraminifera off Indonesia during the southeast monsoon: implications for paleoceanographic reconstructions
The onset of the spring phytoplankton bloom in the coastal North Sea supports the Disturbance Recovery Hypothesis
Species richness and functional attributes of fish assemblages across a large-scale salinity gradient in shallow coastal areas
Modeling the growth and sporulation dynamics of the macroalga Ulva in mixed-age populations in cultivation and the formation of green tides
Spatial changes in community composition and food web structure of mesozooplankton across the Adriatic basin (Mediterranean Sea)
Predicting mangrove forest dynamics across a soil salinity gradient using an individual-based vegetation model linked with plant hydraulics
Will daytime community calcification reflect reef accretion on future, degraded coral reefs?
Modeling polar marine ecosystem functions guided by bacterial physiological and taxonomic traits
Ewa Demianiuk, Mateusz Baca, Danijela Popović, Inès Barrenechea Angeles, Ngoc-Loi Nguyen, Jan Pawlowski, John B. Anderson, and Wojciech Majewski
Biogeosciences, 22, 2601–2620, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2601-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2601-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Ancient foraminiferal DNA is studied in five Antarctic cores with sediments up to 25 kyr old. We use a standard and a new, more effective marker, which may become the next standard for paleoenvironmental studies. Much less diverse foraminifera occur on slopes of submarine moraines than in open-marine settings. Soft-walled foraminifera, not found in the fossil record, are especially abundant. There is no foraminiferal DNA in tills, suggesting its destruction during glacial redeposition.
Isabell Hochfeld, Ben A. Ward, Anke Kremp, Juliane Romahn, Alexandra Schmidt, Miklós Bálint, Lutz Becks, Jérôme Kaiser, Helge W. Arz, Sarah Bolius, Laura S. Epp, Markus Pfenninger, Christopher A. Klausmeier, Elena Litchman, and Jana Hinners
Biogeosciences, 22, 2363–2380, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2363-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2363-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Marine ecosystem models (MEMs) are valuable for assessing the threats of global warming to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, but their predictions vary widely. We argue that MEMs should consider evolutionary processes and undergo independent validation. Here, we present a novel framework for MEM development using validation data from sediment archives, which map long-term environmental and evolutionary change. Our approach is a crucial step towards improving the predictive power of MEMs.
Goulwen Le Guevel, Fabrice Minoletti, Carla Geisen, Gwendoline Duong, Virginia Rojas, and Michaël Hermoso
Biogeosciences, 22, 2287–2308, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2287-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2287-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores the impact of environmental conditions on the chemistry of coccoliths, calcite minerals produced by marine algae, to better understand past climate changes. By cultivating different species of coccolithophores under various CO2 and pH levels, we have shown that the isotopic composition of certain species varies with CO2 concentration and quantified these variations.
Flor Vermassen, Clare Bird, Tirza M. Weitkamp, Kate F. Darling, Hanna Farnelid, Céline Heuzé, Allison Y. Hsiang, Salar Karam, Christian Stranne, Marcus Sundbom, and Helen K. Coxall
Biogeosciences, 22, 2261–2286, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2261-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2261-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We provide the first systematic survey of planktonic foraminifera in the high Arctic Ocean. Our results describe the abundance and species composition under summer sea ice. They indicate that the polar specialist N. pachyderma is the only species present, with subpolar species absent. The data set will be a valuable reference for continued monitoring of the state of planktonic foraminifera communities as they respond to the ongoing sea-ice decline and the “Atlantification” of the Arctic Ocean.
Kristin Jones, Lenaïg G. Hemery, Nicholas D. Ward, Peter J. Regier, Mallory C. Ringham, and Matthew D. Eisaman
Biogeosciences, 22, 1615–1630, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1615-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1615-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement is a marine carbon dioxide removal method that aims to mitigate the effects of climate change. This method causes localized increases in ocean pH, but the biological impacts of such changes are not well known. Our study investigated the response of two nearshore invertebrate species to increased pH and found the sea hare to be sensitive to pH changes, whereas the isopod was more resilient. Understanding interactions with biology is important as this field expands.
Jialu Huang, Moriaki Yasuhara, He Wang, Pedro Julião Jimenez, Jiying Li, and Minhan Dai
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-138, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-138, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the abundance, diversity, composition, and distribution of ostracod (a meiobenthic group) and their interactions with eutrophication and pollution through high resolution sampling of surface sediment in Deep Bay, a small semi-enclosed riverine bay adjacent to two of the world’s most populated cities, Hong Kong and Shenzhen. The results support the idea that ostracod is a useful bioindicator of coastal benthic ecosystems shaped by distinct environmental problems.
Renée P. Schoeman, Christine Erbe, and Robert D. McCauley
Biogeosciences, 22, 959–974, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-959-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-959-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Marine habitat models do not include deep chlorophyll maxima, which may support higher trophic level foraging in (meso-)oligotrophic habitats. We used ocean glider data to show that chlorophyll maxima form off Western Australia in September–April. At least 50 % were biomass maxima, likely supporting local krill growing sufficiently for whale consumption. We suggest including deep chlorophyll maxima in marine habitat models as deep depth-integrated estimates from satellite-derived surface values.
Giulia Faucher, Mathias Haunost, Allanah Joy Paul, Anne Ulrike Christiane Tietz, and Ulf Riebesell
Biogeosciences, 22, 405–415, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-405-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-405-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is being evaluated for its capacity to absorb atmospheric CO2 in the ocean and store it long term to mitigate climate change. As researchers plan for field tests to gain insights into OAE, sharing knowledge on its environmental impact on marine ecosystems is urgent. Our study examined NaOH-induced OAE in Emiliania huxleyi, a key coccolithophore species, and found that the added total alkalinity (ΔTA) should stay below 600 µmol kg⁻¹ to avoid negative impacts.
Isabell Hochfeld and Jana Hinners
Biogeosciences, 21, 5591–5611, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5591-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5591-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ecosystem models disagree on future changes in marine ecosystem functioning. We suspect that the lack of phytoplankton adaptation represents a major uncertainty factor, given the key role that phytoplankton play in marine ecosystems. Using an evolutionary ecosystem model, we found that phytoplankton adaptation can notably change simulated ecosystem dynamics. Future models should include phytoplankton adaptation; otherwise they can systematically overestimate future ecosystem-level changes.
Evert de Froe, Igor Yashayaev, Christian Mohn, Johanne Vad, Furu Mienis, Gerard Duineveld, Ellen Kenchington, Erica Head, Steve W. Ross, Sabena Blackbird, George A. Wolff, J. Murray Roberts, Barry MacDonald, Graham Tulloch, and Dick van Oevelen
Biogeosciences, 21, 5407–5433, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5407-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5407-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Deep-sea sponge grounds are distributed globally and are considered hotspots of biological diversity and biogeochemical cycling. To date, little is known about the environmental constraints that control where deep-sea sponge grounds occur and what conditions favour high sponge biomass. Here, we characterize oceanographic conditions at two contrasting sponge grounds. Our results imply that sponges and associated fauna benefit from strong tidal currents and favourable regional ocean currents.
Francisco Javier Díaz-Rosas, Cristian Antonio Vargas, and Peter von Dassow
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3463, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3463, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied Particulate Inorganic Carbon (PIC) and coccolithophores in low-oxygen, low-pH waters off the Southeast Pacific margin. We estimated how much PIC is produced by coccolithophores, which supports carbon transport to ocean depths. Results show coccolithophores can thrive in these zones, though their role in carbon export may lessen. This work advances understanding of coccolithophores’ role in carbon cycling as ocean acidification changes marine chemistry.
Kirsty Marie Edgar, Maria Grigoratou, Fanny Monteiro, Ruby Barrett, Rui Ying, and Daniela Schmidt
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3295, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3295, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Planktic foraminifera are microscopic marine organisms whose calcium carbonate shells provide valuable insights into past ocean conditions. A promising means of understanding foraminiferal ecology and their environmental interactions is to constrain their key functional traits relating to feeding, symbioses, motility, calcification and reproduction. Here we review what we know of their functional traits, key gaps in our understanding and suggestions on how to fill them.
Jie Niu, Mengyu Xie, Yanqun Lu, Liwei Sun, Na Liu, Han Qiu, Dongdong Liu, Chuanhao Wu, and Pan Wu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3221, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3221, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our results reveal the effectiveness of probabilistic forecasting models in analyzing the uncertainty of marine NPP estimates. Both the Bayesian and neural network models demonstrate superior capabilities in capturing the dynamic trends and uncertainties inherent in NPP data, with the neural network model demonstrating superior accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, we successfully applied these models to forecast NPP in specific ocean regions, highlighting the interannual variability of NPP.
Hyunjae Chung, Jikang Park, Mijin Park, Yejin Kim, Unyoung Chun, Sukyoung Yun, Won Sang Lee, Hyun A. Choi, Ji Sung Na, Seung-Tae Yoon, and Won Young Lee
Biogeosciences, 21, 5199–5217, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5199-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5199-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding how marine animals adapt to variations in marine environmental conditions is paramount. In this paper, we investigated the influence of changes in seawater and light conditions on the seasonal foraging behavior of Weddell seals in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Our findings could serve as a baseline and establish a foundational understanding for future research, particularly concerning the impact of marine environmental changes on the ecosystem of the Ross Sea Marine Protected Area.
Anaïs Lebrun, Cale A. Miller, Marc Meynadier, Steeve Comeau, Pierre Urrutti, Samir Alliouane, Robert Schlegel, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, and Frédéric Gazeau
Biogeosciences, 21, 4605–4620, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4605-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4605-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We tested the effects of warming, low salinity, and low irradiance on Arctic kelps. We show that growth rates were similar across species and treatments. Alaria esculenta is adapted to low-light conditions. Saccharina latissima exhibited nitrogen limitation, suggesting coastal erosion and permafrost thawing could be beneficial. Laminaria digitata did not respond to the treatments. Gene expression of Hedophyllum nigripes and S. latissima indicated acclimation to the experimental treatments.
Valeria Ana Guinder, Urban Tillmann, Martin Rivarossa, Carola Ferronato, Fernando Javier Ramirez, Bernd Krock, Haifeng Gu, and Martin Saraceno
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3157, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3157, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
An unusual survey involving two vessels in the Argentine Sea over a ten-day period enabled synoptic observations of a significant bloom of toxic phytoplankton. Simultaneous species characterization of the bloom, along with measurements of surface currents and fronts, provided insights into its development and retention. Interdisciplinary approaches shed light on the biophysical coupling underlying the persistence and horizontal transport of harmful algal blooms in productive marine environments.
Silvan Urs Goldenberg, Ulf Riebesell, Daniel Brüggemann, Gregor Börner, Michael Sswat, Arild Folkvord, Maria Couret, Synne Spjelkavik, Nicolás Sánchez, Cornelia Jaspers, and Marta Moyano
Biogeosciences, 21, 4521–4532, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4521-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4521-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is being evaluated as a carbon dioxide removal technology for climate change mitigation. With an experiment on species communities, we show that larval and juvenile fish can be resilient to the resulting perturbation of seawater. Fish may hence recruit successfully and continue to support fisheries' production in regions of OAE. Our findings help to establish an environmentally safe operating space for this ocean-based solution.
Thibauld M. Béjard, Andrés S. Rigual-Hernández, Javier P. Tarruella, José-Abel Flores, Anna Sanchez-Vidal, Irene Llamas-Cano, and Francisco J. Sierro
Biogeosciences, 21, 4051–4076, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4051-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4051-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Mediterranean Sea is regarded as a climate change hotspot. Documenting the population of planktonic foraminifera is crucial. In the Sicily Channel, fluxes are higher during winter and positively linked with chlorophyll a concentration and cool temperatures. A comparison with other Mediterranean sites shows the transitional aspect of the studied zone. Finally, modern populations significantly differ from those in the sediment, highlighting a possible effect of environmental change.
Skye Yunshu Tian, Martin Langer, Moriaki Yasuhara, and Chih-Lin Wei
Biogeosciences, 21, 3523–3536, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3523-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3523-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Through the first large-scale study of meiobenthic ostracods from the diverse and productive reef ecosystem in the Zanzibar Archipelago, Tanzania, we found that the diversity and composition of ostracod assemblages as controlled by benthic habitats and human impacts were indicative of overall reef health, and we highlighted the usefulness of ostracods as a model proxy to monitor and understand the degradation of reef ecosystems from the coral-dominated phase to the algae-dominated phase.
Julien Richirt, Satoshi Okada, Yoshiyuki Ishitani, Katsuyuki Uematsu, Akihiro Tame, Kaya Oda, Noriyuki Isobe, Toyoho Ishimura, Masashi Tsuchiya, and Hidetaka Nomaki
Biogeosciences, 21, 3271–3288, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3271-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3271-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We report the first benthic foraminifera with a composite test (i.e. shell) made of opal, which coats the inner part of the calcitic layer. Using comprehensive techniques, we describe the morphology and the composition of this novel opal layer and provide evidence that the opal is precipitated by the foraminifera itself. We explore the potential precipitation process and function(s) of this composite test and further discuss the possible implications for palaeoceanographic reconstructions.
Said Mohamed Hashim, Beth Wangui Waweru, and Agnes Muthumbi
Biogeosciences, 21, 2995–3006, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2995-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2995-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The study investigates the impact of decreasing oxygen in the ocean on macrofaunal communities using the BUS as an example. It identifies distinct shifts in community composition and feeding guilds across oxygen zones, with nematodes dominating dysoxic areas. These findings underscore the complex responses of benthic organisms to oxygen gradients, crucial for understanding ecosystem dynamics in hypoxic environments and their implications for marine biodiversity and sustainability.
Tanguy Soulié, Francesca Vidussi, Justine Courboulès, Marie Heydon, Sébastien Mas, Florian Voron, Carolina Cantoni, Fabien Joux, and Behzad Mostajir
Biogeosciences, 21, 1887–1902, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1887-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1887-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Due to climate change, it is projected that extreme rainfall events, which bring terrestrial matter into coastal seas, will occur more frequently in the Mediterranean region. To test the effects of runoffs of terrestrial matter on plankton communities from Mediterranean coastal waters, an in situ mesocosm experiment was conducted. The simulated runoff affected key processes mediated by plankton, such as primary production and respiration, suggesting major consequences of such events.
Chueh-Chen Tung, Yu-Shih Lin, Jian-Xiang Liao, Tzu-Hsuan Tu, James T. Liu, Li-Hung Lin, Pei-Ling Wang, and Chih-Lin Wei
Biogeosciences, 21, 1729–1756, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1729-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1729-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study contrasts seabed food webs between a river-fed, high-energy canyon and the nearby slope. We show higher organic carbon (OC) flows through the canyon than the slope. Bacteria dominated the canyon, while seabed fauna contributed more to the slope food web. Due to frequent perturbation, the canyon had a lower faunal stock and OC recycling. Only 4 % of the seabed OC flux enters the canyon food web, suggesting a significant role of the river-fed canyon in transporting OC to the deep sea.
Joost de Vries, Fanny Monteiro, Gerald Langer, Colin Brownlee, and Glen Wheeler
Biogeosciences, 21, 1707–1727, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1707-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1707-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Calcifying phytoplankton (coccolithophores) utilize a life cycle in which they can grow and divide into two different phases. These two phases (HET and HOL) vary in terms of their physiology and distributions, with many unknowns about what the key differences are. Using a combination of lab experiments and model simulations, we find that nutrient storage is a critical difference between the two phases and that this difference allows them to inhabit different nitrogen input regimes.
Theodor Kindeberg, Karl Michael Attard, Jana Hüller, Julia Müller, Cintia Organo Quintana, and Eduardo Infantes
Biogeosciences, 21, 1685–1705, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1685-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1685-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Seagrass meadows are hotspots for biodiversity and productivity, and planting seagrass is proposed as a tool for mitigating biodiversity loss and climate change. We assessed seagrass planted in different years and found that benthic oxygen and carbon fluxes increased as the seabed developed from bare sediments to a mature seagrass meadow. This increase was partly linked to the diversity of colonizing algae which increased the light-use efficiency of the seagrass meadow community.
Anna-Selma van der Kaaden, Sandra R. Maier, Siluo Chen, Laurence H. De Clippele, Evert de Froe, Theo Gerkema, Johan van de Koppel, Furu Mienis, Christian Mohn, Max Rietkerk, Karline Soetaert, and Dick van Oevelen
Biogeosciences, 21, 973–992, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-973-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-973-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Combining hydrodynamic simulations and annotated videos, we separated which hydrodynamic variables that determine reef cover are engineered by cold-water corals and which are not. Around coral mounds, hydrodynamic zones seem to create a typical reef zonation, restricting corals from moving deeper (the expected response to climate warming). But non-engineered downward velocities in winter (e.g. deep winter mixing) seem more important for coral reef growth than coral engineering.
Xiaoke Xin, Giulia Faucher, and Ulf Riebesell
Biogeosciences, 21, 761–772, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-761-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-761-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is a promising approach to remove CO2 by accelerating natural rock weathering. However, some of the alkaline substances contain trace metals which could be toxic to marine life. By exposing three representative phytoplankton species to Ni released from alkaline materials, we observed varying responses of phytoplankton to nickel concentrations, suggesting caution should be taken and toxic thresholds should be avoided in OAE with Ni-rich materials.
Olmo Miguez-Salas, Angelika Brandt, Henry Knauber, and Torben Riehl
Biogeosciences, 21, 641–655, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-641-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-641-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In the deep sea, the interaction between benthic fauna (tracemakers) and substrate can be preserved as traces (i.e. lebensspuren), which are common features of seafloor landscapes, rendering them promising proxies for inferring biodiversity from marine images. No general correlation was observed between traces and benthic fauna. However, a local correlation was observed between specific stations depending on unknown tracemakers, tracemaker behaviour, and lebensspuren morphotypes.
Cale A. Miller, Pierre Urrutti, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Steeve Comeau, Anaïs Lebrun, Samir Alliouane, Robert W. Schlegel, and Frédéric Gazeau
Biogeosciences, 21, 315–333, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-315-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-315-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This work describes an experimental system that can replicate and manipulate environmental conditions in marine or aquatic systems. Here, we show how the temperature and salinity of seawater delivered from a fjord is manipulated to experimental tanks on land. By constantly monitoring temperature and salinity in each tank via a computer program, the system continuously adjusts automated flow valves to ensure the seawater in each tank matches the targeted experimental conditions.
Rachel A. Kruft Welton, George Hoppit, Daniela N. Schmidt, James D. Witts, and Benjamin C. Moon
Biogeosciences, 21, 223–239, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-223-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-223-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted a meta-analysis of known experimental literature examining how marine bivalve growth rates respond to climate change. Growth is usually negatively impacted by climate change. Bivalve eggs/larva are generally more vulnerable than either juveniles or adults. Available data on the bivalve response to climate stressors are biased towards early growth stages (commercially important in the Global North), and many families have only single experiments examining climate change impacts.
Vincent Mouchi, Christophe Pecheyran, Fanny Claverie, Cécile Cathalot, Marjolaine Matabos, Yoan Germain, Olivier Rouxel, Didier Jollivet, Thomas Broquet, and Thierry Comtet
Biogeosciences, 21, 145–160, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-145-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-145-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The impact of deep-sea mining will depend critically on the ability of larval dispersal of hydrothermal mollusks to connect and replenish natural populations. However, assessing connectivity is extremely challenging, especially in the deep sea. Here, we investigate the potential of using the chemical composition of larval shells to discriminate larval origins between multiple hydrothermal sites in the southwest Pacific. Our results confirm that this method can be applied with high accuracy.
Anna-Marie Winter, Nadezda Vasilyeva, and Artem Vladimirov
Biogeosciences, 20, 3683–3716, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3683-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3683-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
There is an increasing number of fish in poor state, and many do not recover, even when fishing pressure is ceased. An Allee effect can hinder population recovery because it suppresses the fish's productivity at low abundance. With a model fitted to 17 Atlantic cod stocks, we find that ocean warming and fishing can cause an Allee effect. If present, the Allee effect hinders fish recovery. This shows that Allee effects are dynamic, not uncommon, and calls for precautionary management measures.
Afrah Alothman, Daffne López-Sandoval, Carlos M. Duarte, and Susana Agustí
Biogeosciences, 20, 3613–3624, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3613-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3613-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates bacterial dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) fixation in the Red Sea, an oligotrophic ecosystem, using stable-isotope labeling and spectroscopy. The research reveals that bacterial DIC fixation significantly contributes to total DIC fixation, in the surface and deep water. The study demonstrates that as primary production decreases, the role of bacterial DIC fixation increases, emphasizing its importance with photosynthesis in estimating oceanic carbon dioxide production.
Arianna Zampollo, Thomas Cornulier, Rory O'Hara Murray, Jacqueline Fiona Tweddle, James Dunning, and Beth E. Scott
Biogeosciences, 20, 3593–3611, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3593-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3593-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper highlights the use of the bottom mixed layer depth (BMLD: depth between the end of the pycnocline and the mixed layer below) to investigate subsurface Chlorophyll a (a proxy of primary production) in temperate stratified shelf waters. The strict correlation between subsurface Chl a and BMLD becomes relevant in shelf-productive waters where multiple stressors (e.g. offshore infrastructure) will change the stratification--mixing balance and related carbon fluxes.
Marco Fusi, Sylvain Rigaud, Giovanna Guadagnin, Alberto Barausse, Ramona Marasco, Daniele Daffonchio, Julie Régis, Louison Huchet, Capucine Camin, Laura Pettit, Cristina Vina-Herbon, and Folco Giomi
Biogeosciences, 20, 3509–3521, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3509-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3509-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Oxygen availability in marine water and freshwater is very variable at daily and seasonal scales. The dynamic nature of oxygen fluctuations has important consequences for animal and microbe physiology and ecology, yet it is not fully understood. In this paper, we showed the heterogeneous nature of the aquatic oxygen landscape, which we defined here as the
oxyscape, and we addressed the importance of considering the oxyscape in the modelling and managing of aquatic ecosystems.
Anne L. Morée, Tayler M. Clarke, William W. L. Cheung, and Thomas L. Frölicher
Biogeosciences, 20, 2425–2454, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2425-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2425-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean temperature and oxygen shape marine habitats together with species’ characteristics. We calculated the impacts of projected 21st-century warming and oxygen loss on the contemporary habitat volume of 47 marine species and described the drivers of these impacts. Most species lose less than 5 % of their habitat at 2 °C of global warming, but some species incur losses 2–3 times greater than that. We also calculate which species may be most vulnerable to climate change and why this is the case.
Markus A. Min, David M. Needham, Sebastian Sudek, Nathan Kobun Truelove, Kathleen J. Pitz, Gabriela M. Chavez, Camille Poirier, Bente Gardeler, Elisabeth von der Esch, Andrea Ludwig, Ulf Riebesell, Alexandra Z. Worden, and Francisco P. Chavez
Biogeosciences, 20, 1277–1298, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1277-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1277-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Emerging molecular methods provide new ways of understanding how marine communities respond to changes in ocean conditions. Here, environmental DNA was used to track the temporal evolution of biological communities in the Peruvian coastal upwelling system and in an adjacent enclosure where upwelling was simulated. We found that the two communities quickly diverged, with the open ocean being one found during upwelling and the enclosure evolving to one found under stratified conditions.
Wojciech Majewski, Witold Szczuciński, and Andrew J. Gooday
Biogeosciences, 20, 523–544, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-523-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-523-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We studied foraminifera living in the fjords of South Georgia, a sub-Antarctic island sensitive to climate change. As conditions in water and on the seafloor vary, different associations of these microorganisms dominate far inside, in the middle, and near fjord openings. Assemblages in inner and middle parts of fjords are specific to South Georgia, but they may become widespread with anticipated warming. These results are important for interpretating fossil records and monitoring future change.
Allanah Joy Paul, Lennart Thomas Bach, Javier Arístegui, Elisabeth von der Esch, Nauzet Hernández-Hernández, Jonna Piiparinen, Laura Ramajo, Kristian Spilling, and Ulf Riebesell
Biogeosciences, 19, 5911–5926, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5911-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5911-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated how different deep water chemistry and biology modulate the response of surface phytoplankton communities to upwelling in the Peruvian coastal zone. Our results show that the most influential drivers were the ratio of inorganic nutrients (N : P) and the microbial community present in upwelling source water. These led to unexpected and variable development in the phytoplankton assemblage that could not be predicted by the amount of inorganic nutrients alone.
Hanna M. Kauko, Philipp Assmy, Ilka Peeken, Magdalena Różańska-Pluta, Józef M. Wiktor, Gunnar Bratbak, Asmita Singh, Thomas J. Ryan-Keogh, and Sebastien Moreau
Biogeosciences, 19, 5449–5482, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5449-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5449-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This article studies phytoplankton (microscopic
plantsin the ocean capable of photosynthesis) in Kong Håkon VII Hav in the Southern Ocean. Different species play different roles in the ecosystem, and it is therefore important to assess the species composition. We observed that phytoplankton blooms in this area are formed by large diatoms with strong silica armors, which can lead to high silica (and sometimes carbon) export to depth and be important prey for krill.
Chloe Carbonne, Steeve Comeau, Phoebe T. W. Chan, Keyla Plichon, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, and Núria Teixidó
Biogeosciences, 19, 4767–4777, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4767-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4767-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
For the first time, our study highlights the synergistic effects of a 9-month warming and acidification combined stress on the early life stages of a Mediterranean azooxanthellate coral, Astroides calycularis. Our results predict a decrease in dispersion, settlement, post-settlement linear extention, budding and survival under future global change and that larvae and recruits of A. calycularis are stages of interest for this Mediterranean coral resistance, resilience and conservation.
Iris E. Hendriks, Anna Escolano-Moltó, Susana Flecha, Raquel Vaquer-Sunyer, Marlene Wesselmann, and Núria Marbà
Biogeosciences, 19, 4619–4637, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4619-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4619-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Seagrasses are marine plants with the capacity to act as carbon sinks due to their high primary productivity, using carbon for growth. This capacity can play a key role in climate change mitigation. We compiled and published data showing that two Mediterranean seagrass species have different metabolic rates, while the study method influences the rates of the measurements. Most communities act as carbon sinks, while the western basin might be more productive than the eastern Mediterranean.
Raúl Tapia, Sze Ling Ho, Hui-Yu Wang, Jeroen Groeneveld, and Mahyar Mohtadi
Biogeosciences, 19, 3185–3208, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3185-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3185-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We report census counts of planktic foraminifera in depth-stratified plankton net samples off Indonesia. Our results show that the vertical distribution of foraminifera species routinely used in paleoceanographic reconstructions varies in hydrographically distinct regions, likely in response to food availability. Consequently, the thermal gradient based on mixed layer and thermocline dwellers also differs for these regions, suggesting potential implications for paleoceanographic reconstructions.
Ricardo González-Gil, Neil S. Banas, Eileen Bresnan, and Michael R. Heath
Biogeosciences, 19, 2417–2426, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2417-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2417-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In oceanic waters, the accumulation of phytoplankton biomass in winter, when light still limits growth, is attributed to a decrease in grazing as the mixed layer deepens. However, in coastal areas, it is not clear whether winter biomass can accumulate without this deepening. Using 21 years of weekly data, we found that in the Scottish coastal North Sea, the seasonal increase in light availability triggers the accumulation of phytoplankton biomass in winter, when light limitation is strongest.
Birgit Koehler, Mårten Erlandsson, Martin Karlsson, and Lena Bergström
Biogeosciences, 19, 2295–2312, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2295-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2295-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding species richness patterns remains a challenge for biodiversity management. We estimated fish species richness over a coastal salinity gradient (3–32) with a method that allowed comparing data from various sources. Species richness was 3-fold higher at high vs. low salinity, and salinity influenced species’ habitat preference, mobility and feeding type. If climate change causes upper-layer freshening of the Baltic Sea, further shifts along the identified patterns may be expected.
Uri Obolski, Thomas Wichard, Alvaro Israel, Alexander Golberg, and Alexander Liberzon
Biogeosciences, 19, 2263–2271, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2263-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2263-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The algal genus Ulva plays a major role in coastal ecosystems worldwide and is a promising prospect as an seagriculture crop. A substantial hindrance to cultivating Ulva arises from sudden sporulation, leading to biomass loss. This process is not yet well understood. Here, we characterize the dynamics of Ulva growth, considering the potential impact of sporulation inhibitors, using a mathematical model. Our findings are an essential step towards understanding the dynamics of Ulva growth.
Emanuela Fanelli, Samuele Menicucci, Sara Malavolti, Andrea De Felice, and Iole Leonori
Biogeosciences, 19, 1833–1851, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1833-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1833-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Zooplankton play a key role in marine ecosystems, forming the base of the marine food web and a link between primary producers and higher-order consumers, such as fish. This aspect is crucial in the Adriatic basin, one of the most productive and overexploited areas of the Mediterranean Sea. A better understanding of community and food web structure and their response to water mass changes is essential under a global warming scenario, as zooplankton are sensitive to climate change.
Masaya Yoshikai, Takashi Nakamura, Rempei Suwa, Sahadev Sharma, Rene Rollon, Jun Yasuoka, Ryohei Egawa, and Kazuo Nadaoka
Biogeosciences, 19, 1813–1832, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1813-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1813-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a new individual-based vegetation model to investigate salinity control on mangrove productivity. The model incorporates plant hydraulics and tree competition and predicts unique and complex patterns of mangrove forest structures that vary across soil salinity gradients. The presented model does not hold an empirical expression of salinity influence on productivity and thus may provide a better understanding of mangrove forest dynamics in future climate change.
Coulson A. Lantz, William Leggat, Jessica L. Bergman, Alexander Fordyce, Charlotte Page, Thomas Mesaglio, and Tracy D. Ainsworth
Biogeosciences, 19, 891–906, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-891-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-891-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Coral bleaching events continue to drive the degradation of coral reefs worldwide. In this study we measured rates of daytime coral reef community calcification and photosynthesis during a reef-wide bleaching event. Despite a measured decline in coral health across several taxa, there was no change in overall daytime community calcification and photosynthesis. These findings highlight potential limitations of these community-level metrics to reflect actual changes in coral health.
Hyewon Heather Kim, Jeff S. Bowman, Ya-Wei Luo, Hugh W. Ducklow, Oscar M. Schofield, Deborah K. Steinberg, and Scott C. Doney
Biogeosciences, 19, 117–136, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-117-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-117-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Heterotrophic marine bacteria are tiny organisms responsible for taking up organic matter in the ocean. Using a modeling approach, this study shows that characteristics (taxonomy and physiology) of bacteria are associated with a subset of ecological processes in the coastal West Antarctic Peninsula region, a system susceptible to global climate change. This study also suggests that bacteria will become more active, in particular large-sized cells, in response to changing climates in the region.
Cited articles
Abelman, A.: Paleoekologische und ökostratigraphische untersuchungen von Diatomeen-assoziationen an holozänen Sedimenten der zentralen Ostsee, Berichte-Reports, Geoloogisch.-Paläontologisches Institut der Universität Kiel, 9, 1–200, 1985.
Altenbach, A.: Die Biomasse der benthischen Foraminiferen. Auswertung von
“Meteor” – Expedition im östlichen Nordatlantik, Dissertation an der
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 133 pp., 1985.
Bak, M., Witkowski, A., and Lange-Bertalot, H.: Diatom flora diversity in the strongly eutrophicated and β-mesosaprobic waters of the Szczecin Lagoon, NW Poland, southern Baltic Sea, Ognjanova-Rumenova, N. and Manylov, K., Advances in Phycological studies, Festschrift in Honour of Prof. Dobrina Teminskova-Topalova, 293–317, 2006.
Bernhard, J. and Alve, E.: Survival, ATP pool, and ultrastructural
characterization of benthic foraminifera from Drammensfjord (Norway):
response to anoxia, Mar. Micropaleontol., 28, 5–17, 1996.
Bernhard, J. and Bowser, S.: Benthic foraminifera of dysoxic sediments:
chloroplast sequestration and functional morphology, Earth-Sci. Rev., 46,
149–165, 1999.
Binczewska, A., Moros, M., Polovodova-Asteman, I., Sławinska, J., and Bak, M.: Changes in the inflow of saline water into the Bornholm Basin (SW Baltic
Sea) during the past 7100 years – evidence from benthic foraminifera
record, Boreas, 47, 297–310, 2018.
Boltovskoy, E. and Wright, R.: Recent Foraminifera, W. Junk, The Hague,
515 pp., 1976.
Brodniewicz, I.: Recent and some Holocene foraminifera of the southern
Baltic Sea, Acta Palaeontol. Pol., 10, 131–157, 1965.
Cedhagen, T.: Retention of chloroplasts and bathymetric distribution in the
Sublittoral Foraminiferan Nonionellina labradorica, Ophelia, 33, 17–30, 1991.
Cevasco, M., E., Lechliter, S., M., Mosier, A., E., and Perez, J.: Initial
Observations of Kleptoplastidy in the Foraminifera of Coastal South
Carolina, Southeast. Nat., 14, 361–372, 2015.
Christiansen, C., Kunzendorf, H., Laima, M., Lund-Hansen, L., and Pedersem, A.: Recent changes in environmental conditions in the southwestern Kattegat,
Scandinavia, Norg. Geol. Unders. B., 430, 137–144, 1996.
Correia, M. and Lee, J.: Chloroplast retention by Elphidium excavatum (Terquem). Is it a
selective process?, Symbiosis, 29, 343–355, 2000.
Correia, M. and Lee, J.: Fine Structure of the Plastids Retained by the
Foraminifer Elphidium excavatum (Terquem), Symbiosis, 32, 15–26, 2001.
Correia, M. and Lee, J.: Fine Structure of the Plastids Retained by the Foraminifer Elphidium excavatum (Terquem), Symbiosis, 32, 15–26, 2002.
Darling, K., Schweizer, M., Knudsen, K., Evans, K., Bird, C., Roberts, A., Filipsson, H., Kim, J., Gudmundsson, G., Wade, C., Sayer, M., and Austin, W.: The genetic diversity, phylogeography and morphology of Elphidiidae (Foraminifera) in the Northeast Atlantic, Mar. Micropaleontol., 129, 1–23, 2016.
Dissard, D., Nehrke, G., Reichart, G., and Bijma, J.: The impact of salinity
on the Mg
Enge, A., Nomaki, H., Ogawa, N., Witte, U., Moeseneder, M., Lavik, G.,
Ohkouchi, N., Kitazato, H., Kucera, M., and Heinz, P.: Response of the
benthic foraminiferal community to a simulated short-term phytodetritus
pulse in the abyssal North Pacific, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 438, 129–142,
2011.
Falkowski, P. and Raven, J.: Aquatic photosynthesis, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2007.
Fennel, W.: Wasserhaushalt und Strömungen, in: Rheinheimer, Meereskunde
der Ostsee, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 56–67, 1996.
Frenzel, P., Tech, T., and Bartholdy, J.: Checklist and annotated
bibliography of recent Foraminifera from the German Baltic Sea coast, Stud.
Geol. Polon., 124, 67–86, 2005.
Frontalini. F., Curzi, D., Giordano, F., Bernhard, J., Falcieri, E., and
Coccioni, R.: Effects of Lead Pollution on Ammonia Parkinsoniana
(Foraminifera): Ultrastructural and Microanalytical Approaches, Eur. J.
Histochem., 59, 2460, https://doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2015.2460, 2015.
Frontalini, F., Curzi, D., Cesarini, E, Canonico, B., Giordano, F., Matteis, F., Bernhar, J., Pieretti, N., Eskelsen, G., Jubb, J., Zhao, A., Pierce, L.,
Gobbi, E., Papa, P., and Coccioni, R.: Mercury-Pollution Induction of
Intracellular Lipid Accumulation and Lysosomal Compartment Amplification in
the Benthic Foraminifer Ammonia parkinsoniana, Plos one, 11, e0162401, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162401, 2016.
Goldstein, S., Bernhard, J., and Richardson, E.: Chloroplast Sequestration
in the Foraminifer Haynesina germanica: Application of High Pressure Freezing and Freeze
Substitution, Microsc. Microanal., 10, 1458–1459, 2004.
Grobe, H. and Fütterer, D.: Zur Fragmentierung benthischer Foraminifera
in der Kieler Bucht (Westliche Ostsee), Meyniana, 33, 85–96, 1981.
Grzymski, J., Schönfield, J., Falkowski, P., and Bernhard, J.: The
function of plastids in the deep-sea benthic foraminifer, Nonionella stella, Limnol. Oceanogr., 47,
1569–1580, 2002.
Guillard, R.: Culture of phytoplankton for feeding marina invertebrates in:
Culture of marine invertebrates animals, Springer, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 29–60,
1975.
Guillard, R. and Ryther, J.: Studies of marina planktonic diatoms: I
Cyclotella nana Hustedt, and Detonula confervacea (CLEVE) Gran, Can. J. Microbiol., 8, 229–239, 1962.
Hannah, F., Rogerson R., and Laybourn-Parry, J.: Respiration rates and
biovolumes of common benthic Foraminifera (Protozoa),
J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 72, 301–312, 1994.
Heinz P., Marten R., Linshy V., Haap T., Gesling E., and Köhler H.: 70 kD
stress protein (Hsp70) analysis in living shallow-water benthic
foraminifera, Mar. Biol. Res., 8, 677–681, 2012.
Hermelin, J.: Distribution of Holocene benthic foraminifera in the Baltic
Sea, J. Foramin. Res., 17, 63–72, 1987.
Hurtig, T.: Fragen zur Genese der naturräumlichen Grosseinheiten des Ostseeraumes (Problems in the Origin of the Major Natural Units of the Baltic Sea Area), Erdkunde, 20, 287–298, 1966.
Jauffrais, T., Jesus, B., Metzger, E., Mouget, J.-L., Jorissen, F., and Geslin, E.: Effect of light on photosynthetic efficiency of sequestered chloroplasts in intertidal benthic foraminifera (Haynesina germanica and Ammonia tepida), Biogeosciences, 13, 2715–2726, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2715-2016, 2016.
Jauffrais, T., LeKieffre, C., Koho, K., Tsuchiya, M., Schweizer, M.,
Bernhard, J., Meibom, A., and Geslin, E.: Ultrastructure and distribution of
kleptoplasts in benthic foraminifera from shallow-water (photic) habitats,
Mar. Micropaleontol., 138, 46–62, 2018.
Jauffrais, T., LeKieffre, C., Schweizer, M., Geslin, E., Metzger, E.,
Bernhard, J., Jesus, B., Filipsson, H., Maire, O., and Meibom, A.:
Kleptoplastidic benthic foraminifera from aphotic habitats: insights into
assimilation of inorganic C, N and S studied with sub-cellular resolution,
Environ. Microbiol., 21, 125–141, 2019a.
Jauffrais, T., LeKieffre, C., Schweizer, M., Jesus, B., Metzger, E., and
Geslin, E.: Response of a kleptoplastidic foraminifer to heterotrophic
starvation: photosynthesis and lipid droplet biogenesis, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol.,
95, fiz046, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz046, 2019b.
Jensen, J. B., Bennike, O., Witkowski, A., Lemke, W., and Kuijpers, A.: The Baltic Ice Lake in the southwestern Baltic: sequence‐, chrono‐ and biostratigraphy, Boreals, 26, 217–236, 1997.
Koho, K., LeKieffre, C., Nomaki, H., Salonen, I., Geslin, E., Mabilleau, G.,
Sogaard, J., and Reichert, G.: Changes in ultrastructural features of the
foraminifera Ammonia spp. in response to anoxic conditions: Field and
laboratory observations, Mar. Micropaleontol, 138, 72–82, 2018.
Krause, G. and Weis, E.: Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis: The
Basics, Annu. Rev. Plant Physio., 42, 313–349, 1991.
Lechliter, S.: Preliminary study of kleptoplasty in foraminifera of South
Carolina, Bridges, 8, 43–54, 2014.
Le Cadre, V. and Debenay, J.: Morphological and cytological responses of
Ammonia (foraminifera) to copper contamination: Implication for the use of
foraminifera as bioindicators of pollution, Environ. Pollut., 143, 304–317,
2006.
Lee, J. and Lee, R.: Chloroplast retention in elphids (Foraminifera),
Endocyto., 4, 215–220, 1989.
Lee, J. and Müller, W.: Trophic dynamics and niches of salt marsh
foraminifera, Am. Zool., 13, 215–223, 1973.
Lee, J., Price S., Tentchoff, M., and McLaughin, J.: Growth and Physiology of
Foraminifera in the Laboratory: Part 1: Collection and Maintenance,
Micropaleontology, 7, 461–466, 1961.
Lee, J., McEnery, M., Pierce, S., Freudenthal, H., and Muller, W.: Tracer
Experiments in Feeding Littoral Foraminifera, J. Eukaryot. Microbiol., 13,
659–670, 1966.
Lee, J., Lanners, E., and Kuile, B.: The retention of chloroplasts by the
foraminifer Elphidium crispum, Symbiosis, 5, 45–59, 1988.
LeKieffre, C., Spangenberg, J., Mabilleau, G., Escrig, S., Meibom, A., and
Geslin, E.: Surviving anoxia in marine sediment: The metabolic response of
ubiquitous benthic foraminifera (Ammonia tepida), Plos one, 12, e0177604, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177604,
2017.
LeKieffre, C., Spero, H. J., Russell, A. D., Fehrenbacher, J. S., Geslin, E., and Meibom, A.: Assimilation, translocation, and utilization of carbon between photosynthetic symbiotic dinoflagellates and their planktic foraminifera host, Mar. Biol., 165, 104, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-018-3362-7, 2018.
Lintner, M., Biedrawa, B., Wukovits, J., Wanek, W., and Heinz, P.: Salinity-dependent algae uptake and subsequent carbon and nitrogen metabolisms of two intertidal foraminifera (Ammonia tepida and Haynesina germanica), Biogeosciences, 17, 3723–3732, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3723-2020, 2020.
Lopez, E.: Algal chloroplasts in the protoplasm of three species of benthic
foraminifera: taxonomic affinity, viability and persistence, Mar. Biol., 53,
201–211, 1979.
Lutze, G.: Zur Foraminiferen: Fauna der Ostsee, Meyniana, 15, 75–142, 1965.
Mackinney, G.: Absorption of light by chlorophyll solutions, J. Biol.
Chem., 140, 315–322, 1941.
Middelburg, J., Barranguet, C., Boschker, H., Herman, P., Moens, T., and
Heip, C: The fate of intertidal microphytobenthos carbon: An in situ
13C-labeling study, Limnol. Oceanogr., 45, 1224–1234, 2000.
Miller, A., Scott, D., and Medioli, F.: Elphidium excavatum (Terquem): ecophenotypic versus subspecific variation, J. Foramin. Res., 12, 116–144, 1982.
Murray, J.: Ecological experiments on Foraminifera, J. Mar.
Biol. Assoc. UK, 43, 621–642, 1963.
Murray, J.: Ecology and paleoecology of benthic foraminifera, Longman,
Harlow, 1991.
Murray, J.: Ecology and Applications of Benthic Foraminifera, Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao Paulo, 426, 2006.
Nikulina, A., Polovodova, I., and Schönfeld, J.: Environmental response
of living benthic foraminifera in Kiel Fjord, SW Baltic Sea, HAL
archieves-ouvertes, Hal Id: hal-00298257, 2007.
Nikulina, A., Polovodova, I., and Schönfeld, J.: Foraminiferal response to environmental changes in Kiel Fjord, SW Baltic Sea, eEarth, 3, 37–49, https://doi.org/10.5194/ee-3-37-2008, 2008.
Nomaki, H., Chikaraishi, Y., Tsuchiya, M., Ohkouchi, N., Uematsu, K., Tame, A., and Kitazato, H.: Nitrate uptake by foraminifera and use in conjunction
with endobionts under anoxic conditions, Limnol. Oceanogr., 59,
1879–1888, 2014.
Pawlowski, J., Holzmann, M., Bemey, C., Fahmi, J., Gooday, A., Cedhagen, T.,
Habura, A., and Bowser, S.: The Evolution of early Foraminifera,
P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 11494–11498, 2003.
Pillet, L., Vargas, C., and Pawlowski, J.: Molecular identification of
sequestered diatom chloroplasts and kleptoplastidy in foraminifera, Protist,
162, 394–404, 2011.
Polovodova, I. and Schönfeld, J.: Foraminiferal test abnormalities in
the Western Baltic Sea, J. Foramin. Res., 38, 318–336, 2008.
Rhode, S., Hiebenthal, C., Wahl, M., Karez, R., and Bischof, K.: Decreased
depth distribution of Fucus vesiculosus (Phaeophyceae) in the Western Baltic: effects of light deficiency and
epibionts on growth and photosynthesis, Eur. J. Phycol., 43, 143–150,
2008.
Robertsson, A. M.: The diatom flora of the Yoldia sediments in the Närke province, south central Sweden. Contributions to the Knowledge of Microalgae Particularly Diatoms, Cramer, Berlin Stuttgart, 255–262, 1990.
Ross B. and Hallock P.: Dormancy in the foraminifera: A review, J. Foramin. Res.,
46, 358–368, 2016.
Rudels, B., Anderson, L., and Jones, E.: Formation and evolution of the
surface mixed layer and halocline of the Arctic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res.,
101, 8807–8821, 1996.
Salonen, I., Chronopoulou, P., Bird, C., Reichert, G., and Koho, K.:
Enrichment of intracellular sulphur cycle –associated bacteria in
intertidal benthic foraminifera revealed by 16S and aprA gene analysis, Sci.
Rep.-UK, 9, 11692, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48166-5, 2019.
Scott, D., Mediolo, F., and Braund, R.: Foraminifera from the Cambrian of
Nova Scotia: The oldest multichambered foraminifera, Micropaleontology, 49,
109–126, 2003.
Seidenkrantz, M.: Subrecent changes in the foraminiferal distribution in the
Kattegat and the Skagerrak, Scandinavia: anthropogenic influence and natural
causes, Boreas, 22, 383–395, 1993.
Steele, M., Morison, J., and Curtin, T.: Halocline water formation in the
Barents Sea, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 881–894, 1995.
Schönfeld, J. and Numberger, L.: Seasonal dynamics and decadal changes
of benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the western Baltic Sea (NW Europe),
J. Micropalaeontol., 26, 47–60, 2007.
Schwarzer, K. and Themann, S.: Sediment distribution and geological buildup
of Kiel Fjord (Western Baltic Sea), Meyniana, 55, 91–115, 2003.
Schweizer, M., Polovodova, I., Nikulina, A., and Schönfeld, J.:
Molecular identification of Ammonia and Elphidium species (Foraminifera, Rotaliida) from the
Kiel Fjord (SW Baltic Sea) with rDNA sequences, Helgoland Mar. Res., 65, 1–10,
2011.
Terquem, O.: Essai sur le classement des animaux qui vivent sur la plage et
dans les environs de Dunkerque, pt. 1, Memoires de la Societe Dunkerquoise
pour l'Encouragement des Sciences, des Lettres et des Arts, 19, 405–457,
1876.
Tsuchiya, M., Toyofuko, T., Uematsu, K., Bruchert, V., Collen, J., Yamamoto, H., and Kitazato, H.: Cytologic and genetic characteristics of endobiotic
bacteria and kleptoplasts of Virgulinella fragilis (Foraminifera), J. Eukaryot.
Microbiol., 62, 454–469, 2015.
Tsuchiya, M., Miyawaki, S., Oguri, K., Toyofuku, T., Tame, A., Uematsu, K.,
Takeda, K., Sakai, Y., Miyake, H., and Marayuma, T.: Acquisition,
Maintenance, and Ecological Roles of Kleptoplasts in Planoglabratella
opercularis (Foraminifera, Rhizaria), Front. Mar. Sci. 7, 585, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00585,
2020.
Voipio, A.: The Baltic Sea (Book), Elsevier Oceanography Series 30,
Institute of Marine Research, Helsinki, Finland, 1981.
Witkowski, A.: Recent and fossil diatom flora of the Gulf of Gdansk, Southern Baltic Sea, Bibliotheca Diatomologica, Band 28, ISBN 978-3-443-57019-4, 1994.
Weiss, L.: Foraminifera and Origin of the Gardiners Clay (Pleistocene),
Eastern Long Island, New York, Geol. Survey Professional Paper, 254-G, 1954.
Williamson, W.: On the recent foraminifera of Great Britain (Book), Ray
Society, London, 107, 1858.
Wukovits, J., Enge, A. J., Wanek, W., Watzka, M., and Heinz, P.: Increased temperature causes different carbon and nitrogen processing patterns in two common intertidal foraminifera (Ammonia tepida and Haynesina germanica), Biogeosciences, 14, 2815–2829, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2815-2017, 2017.
Short summary
Foraminifera are unicellular marine organisms that play an important role in the marine element cycle. Changes of environmental parameters such as salinity or temperature have a significant impact on the faunal assemblages. Our experiments show that changes in salinity immediately influence the foraminiferal activity. Also the light regime has a significant impact on carbon or nitrogen processing in foraminifera which contain no kleptoplasts.
Foraminifera are unicellular marine organisms that play an important role in the marine element...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint