Articles | Volume 18, issue 18
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5231-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5231-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 Sep 2021
Research article |
| 27 Sep 2021
Spatial and temporal variability of pCO2 and CO2 emissions from the Dong River in south China
Department of Geography, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR,
China
Mingyang Tian
Institute for Geology, Center for Earth System Research and
Sustainability (CEN), Universität
Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Kaimin Shih
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong
Kong SAR, China
Chun Ngai Chan
Department of Geography, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR,
China
Xiankun Yang
School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University,
Guangzhou, 510006, China
Department of Geography, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR,
China
Related authors
No articles found.
Yi Zeng, Tongge Jing, Baodong Xu, Xiankun Yang, Jinshi Jian, Renjie Zong, Bing Wang, Wei Dai, Lei Deng, Nufang Fang, and Zhihua Shi
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-120, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-120, 2023
Preprint under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, the first vectorized dataset of check dams on the Chinese Loess Plateau containing spatial distribution, silted land area, and sediment volume, was provided through object-based classification method and Google Earth images. The accuracy of the dataset is verified by 1947 collected test samples and the latest official statistics. This dataset can be used to quantify the ecosystem service function of check dams, including sediment retention, carbon sequestration, and grain supply.
Shuai Chen, Jun Zhong, Lishan Ran, Yuanbi Yi, Wanfa Wang, Zelong Yan, Siliang Li, and Khan M. G. Mostofa
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-217, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-217, 2022
Revised manuscript under review for BG
Short summary
Short summary
This study found source of dissolved organic carbon and optical properties (e.g., aromaticity, humification) are related with human land uses and catchment slope in anthropogenically-impacted subtropical mountainous rivers. This study highlights that the combination of dual carbon isotopes and optical properties are useful tools in tracing the origin of dissolved organic carbon and its in-stream processes.
Mingyang Tian, Xiankun Yang, Lishan Ran, Yuanrong Su, Lingyu Li, Ruihong Yu, Haizhu Hu, and Xi Xi Lu
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2018-292, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2018-292, 2018
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the spatial and temporal variability of riverine CO2 outgassing characteristics of the Yellow River source region. Riverine CO2 emission were in situ monitored under different land cover types (i.e., glacier, permafrost, wetland, and grassland) in the research area.This study will lead to a better understanding of riverine carbon export, especially for alpine rivers, which will help refine the global estimation of global GHG gas emission.
Lishan Ran, Mingyang Tian, Nufang Fang, Suiji Wang, Xixi Lu, Xiankun Yang, and Frankie Cho
Biogeosciences, 15, 3857–3871, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3857-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3857-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We systematically assessed the transport and fate of riverine carbon in the moderate-sized Wuding catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau by constructing a riverine carbon budget and further relating it to terrestrial ecosystem productivity. The riverine carbon export accounted for 16 % of the catchment's net ecosystem production (NEP). It seems that a significant fraction of terrestrial NEP in this catchment is laterally transported from the terrestrial biosphere to the drainage network.
Ji-Hyung Park, Omme K. Nayna, Most S. Begum, Eliyan Chea, Jens Hartmann, Richard G. Keil, Sanjeev Kumar, Xixi Lu, Lishan Ran, Jeffrey E. Richey, Vedula V. S. S. Sarma, Shafi M. Tareq, Do Thi Xuan, and Ruihong Yu
Biogeosciences, 15, 3049–3069, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3049-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3049-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Human activities are drastically altering water and material flows in river systems across Asia. This review provides a conceptual framework for assessing the human impacts on Asian river C fluxes and an update on anthropogenic alterations of riverine C fluxes, focusing on the impacts of water pollution and river impoundments on CO2 outgassing from the rivers draining South, Southeast, and East Asian regions that account for the largest fraction of river discharge and C exports from Asia.
Lishan Ran, Xi Xi Lu, and Shaoda Liu
Biogeosciences, 14, 2183–2198, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2183-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2183-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding riverine carbon dynamics is critical for not only better estimates of various carbon fluxes but also evaluating their significance in the global carbon budget. In this study, we examined the dynamics of riverine CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) in the Yangtze River basin. Its pCO2 was characterized by strong spatial and temporal variations. With a basin-wide mean pCO2 of 2662(±1240) μatm, substantial CO2 evasion is expected. Future efforts are needed to evaluate its significance.
L. Ran, X. X. Lu, J. E. Richey, H. Sun, J. Han, R. Yu, S. Liao, and Q. Yi
Biogeosciences, 12, 921–932, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-921-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-921-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
This paper investigated the spatial and temporal variations of pCO2 in the Yellow River watershed. While the pCO2 responded exponentially to total suspended solids (TSS) export when the TSS concentration was less than 100 kg m-3, it decreased and remained stable thereafter if the TSS concentration was greater than 100 kg m-3. The average pCO2 for the watershed was estimated at 2810±1985 μatm, indicating a large potential for CO2 evasion.
L. Ran, X. X. Lu, and Z. Xin
Biogeosciences, 11, 945–959, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-945-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-945-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Rivers & Streams
Particulate organic matter in the Lena River and its delta: from the permafrost catchment to the Arctic Ocean
Stable isotopic evidence for the excess leaching of unprocessed atmospheric nitrate from forested catchments under high nitrogen saturation
Glacier loss and vegetation expansion alter organic and inorganic carbon dynamics in alpine streams
Nitrogen isotopes reveal a particulate-matter-driven biogeochemical reactor in a temperate estuary
High-resolution vertical biogeochemical profiles in the hyporheic zone reveal insights into microbial methane cycling
Hyporheic Zone Respiration is Jointly Constrained by Organic Carbon Concentration and Molecular Richness
Organic matter transformations are disconnected between surface water and the hyporheic zone
CO2 emissions from peat-draining rivers regulated by water pH
Effects of peatland management on aquatic carbon concentrations and fluxes
Resistance and resilience of stream metabolism to high flow disturbances
Enhanced bioavailability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in human-disturbed streams in Alpine fluvial networks
Fluvial carbon dioxide emission from the Lena River basin during the spring flood
Diel patterns in stream nitrate concentration produced by in-stream processes
Complex interactions of in-stream dissolved organic matter and nutrient spiralling unravelled by Bayesian regression analysis
Spatial–temporal variations in riverine carbon strongly influenced by local hydrological events in an alpine catchment
Rapid soil organic carbon decomposition in river systems: effects of the aquatic microbial community and hydrodynamical disturbance
Increased carbon capture by a silicate-treated forested watershed affected by acid deposition
Thermokarst amplifies fluvial inorganic carbon cycling and export across watershed scales on the Peel Plateau, Canada
Temporary and net sinks of atmospheric CO2 due to chemical weathering in subtropical catchment with mixing carbonate and silicate lithology
From canals to the coast: dissolved organic matter and trace metal composition in rivers draining degraded tropical peatlands in Indonesia
Distribution and flux of dissolved iron in the peatland-draining rivers and estuaries of Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
Comparisons of dissolved organic matter and its optical characteristics in small low and high Arctic catchments
High-frequency measurements explain quantity and quality of dissolved organic carbon mobilization in a headwater catchment
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen in a tropical estuary in Malaysia: transport and transformation
Behaviour of Dissolved Phosphorus with the associated nutrients in relation to phytoplankton biomass of the Rajang River-South China Sea continuum
Synchrony in catchment stream colour levels is driven by both local and regional climate
The post-monsoon carbon biogeochemistry of the Hooghly–Sundarbans estuarine system under different levels of anthropogenic impacts
Riverine particulate C and N generated at the permafrost thaw front: case study of western Siberian rivers across a 1700 km latitudinal transect
Geochemistry of the dissolved loads during high-flow season of rivers in the southeastern coastal region of China: anthropogenic impact on chemical weathering and carbon sequestration
CO2 partial pressure and CO2 emission along the lower Red River (Vietnam)
Stable isotopes of nitrate reveal different nitrogen processing mechanisms in streams across a land use gradient during wet and dry periods
Riverine carbon export in the arid to semiarid Wuding River catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau
Use of argon to measure gas exchange in turbulent mountain streams
Reviews and syntheses: Anthropogenic perturbations to carbon fluxes in Asian river systems – concepts, emerging trends, and research challenges
Shifts in stream hydrochemistry in responses to typhoon and non-typhoon precipitation
QUAL-NET, a high temporal-resolution eutrophication model for large hydrographic networks
Diel fluctuations of viscosity-driven riparian inflow affect streamflow DOC concentration
A comprehensive biogeochemical record and annual flux estimates for the Sabaki River (Kenya)
Hydro-ecological controls on dissolved carbon dynamics in groundwater and export to streams in a temperate pine forest
Regional-scale lateral carbon transport and CO2 evasion in temperate stream catchments
Carbon and nutrient export regimes from headwater catchments to downstream reaches
Influence of infrastructure on water quality and greenhouse gas dynamics in urban streams
Hydromorphological restoration stimulates river ecosystem metabolism
Quantifying nutrient fluxes with a new hyporheic passive flux meter (HPFM)
Sources, cycling and export of nitrogen on the Greenland Ice Sheet
Variability in runoff fluxes of dissolved and particulate carbon and nitrogen from two watersheds of different tree species during intense storm events
Shift in the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter in the Congo River network
Technical note: Assessing gas equilibration systems for continuous pCO2 measurements in inland waters
Source and flux of POC in a karstic area in the Changjiang River watershed: impacts of reservoirs and extreme drought
Sediment trap efficiency of paddy fields at the watershed scale in a mountainous catchment in northwest Vietnam
Olga Ogneva, Gesine Mollenhauer, Bennet Juhls, Tina Sanders, Juri Palmtag, Matthias Fuchs, Hendrik Grotheer, Paul J. Mann, and Jens Strauss
Biogeosciences, 20, 1423–1441, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1423-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1423-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic warming accelerates permafrost thaw and release of terrestrial organic matter (OM) via rivers to the Arctic Ocean. We compared particulate organic carbon (POC), total suspended matter, and C isotopes (δ13C and Δ14C of POC) in the Lena delta and Lena River along a ~1600 km transect. We show that the Lena delta, as an interface between the Lena River and the Arctic Ocean, plays a crucial role in determining the qualitative and quantitative composition of OM discharged into the Arctic Ocean.
Weitian Ding, Urumu Tsunogai, Fumiko Nakagawa, Takashi Sambuichi, Masaaki Chiwa, Tamao Kasahara, and Ken'ichi Shinozuka
Biogeosciences, 20, 753–766, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-753-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-753-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
By monitoring the concentration and Δ17O of stream nitrate in three forested streams, the new nitrogen saturation index of forested catchments (Matm/Datm ratio) was estimated. We found that (1) the unprocessed atmospheric nitrate in our studied forested stream (FK1 catchment) was the highest ever reported in forested streams; (2) the Matm/Datm ratio can be used as a robust index for evaluating nitrogen saturation in forested catchments as the Matm/Datm ratio is independent of the precipitation.
Andrew Lean Robison, Nicola Deluigi, Camille Rolland, Nicolas Manetti, and Tom Battin
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-12, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-12, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
Mountain ecosystems are greatly affected by climate change, with the loss of glaciers and the uphill migration of vegetation. We studied how these changes may affect carbon dynamics in the streams draining these landscapes within the Swiss Alps. We found the loss of glaciers reduces the carbon dioxide sink from weathering, and the expansion of vegetation increases organic carbon found in the streams. Together, these changes highlight dramatic shifts for montane streams globally.
Kirstin Dähnke, Tina Sanders, Yoana Voynova, and Scott D. Wankel
Biogeosciences, 19, 5879–5891, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5879-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5879-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrogen is an important macronutrient that fuels algal production in rivers and coastal regions. We investigated the production and removal of nitrogen-bearing compounds in the freshwater section of the tidal Elbe Estuary and found that particles in the water column are key for the production and removal of water column nitrate. Using a stable isotope approach, we pinpointed regions where additional removal of nitrate or input from sediments plays an important role in estuarine biogeochemistry.
Tamara Michaelis, Anja Wunderlich, Ömer K. Coskun, William Orsi, Thomas Baumann, and Florian Einsiedl
Biogeosciences, 19, 4551–4569, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4551-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4551-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The greenhouse gas methane (CH4) drives climate change. Microorganisms in river sediments produce CH4 when degrading organic matter, but the contribution of rivers to atmospheric CH4 concentrations is uncertain. To better understand riverine CH4 cycling, we measured concentration profiles of CH4 and relevant reactants that might influence the CH4 cycle. We found substantial CH4 production, especially in fine, organic-rich sediments during summer and signs of microbial CH4 consumption.
James C. Stegen, Vanessa A. Garayburu-Caruso, Robert E. Danczak, Amy E. Goldman, Lupita Renteria, Joshua M. Torgeson, and Jacqueline R. Wells
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-613, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-613, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Chemical reactions in river sediments influence how clean the water is and how much greenhouse gas comes out of a river. Our study investigates why some sediments have higher rates of chemical reactions than others. We find that to achieve high rates, sediments need to have two things: only a few different kinds of molecules, but a lot of them. This result spans about 80 rivers such that it could be a general rule helpful for predicting the future of rivers and our planet.
James C. Stegen, Sarah J. Fansler, Malak M. Tfaily, Vanessa A. Garayburu-Caruso, Amy E. Goldman, Robert E. Danczak, Rosalie K. Chu, Lupita Renteria, Jerry Tagestad, and Jason Toyoda
Biogeosciences, 19, 3099–3110, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3099-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3099-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Rivers are vital to Earth, and in rivers, organic matter (OM) is an energy source for microbes that make greenhouse gas and remove contaminants. Predicting Earth’s future requires understanding how and why river OM is transformed. Our results help meet this need. We found that the processes influencing OM transformations diverge between river water and riverbed sediments. This can be used to build new models for predicting the future of rivers and, in turn, the Earth system.
Alexandra Klemme, Tim Rixen, Denise Müller-Dum, Moritz Müller, Justus Notholt, and Thorsten Warneke
Biogeosciences, 19, 2855–2880, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2855-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2855-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Tropical peat-draining rivers contain high amounts of carbon. Surprisingly, measured carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from those rivers are comparatively moderate. We compiled data from 10 Southeast Asian rivers and found that CO2 production within these rivers is hampered by low water pH, providing a natural threshold for CO2 emissions. Furthermore, we find that enhanced carbonate input, e.g. caused by human activities, suspends this natural threshold and causes increased CO2 emissions.
Amy E. Pickard, Marcella Branagan, Mike F. Billett, Roxane Andersen, and Kerry J. Dinsmore
Biogeosciences, 19, 1321–1334, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1321-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1321-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Peatlands have been subject to a range of land management regimes over the past century. This has affected the amount of carbon that drains into surrounding streams and rivers. In our study, we measured carbon concentrations in streams draining from drained, non-drained, and restored areas of the Flow Country blanket bog in N Scotland. We found that drained peatland had higher concentrations and fluxes of carbon relative to non-drained areas. Restored peatland areas were highly variable.
Brynn O'Donnell and Erin R. Hotchkiss
Biogeosciences, 19, 1111–1134, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1111-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1111-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A stream is defined by flowing water, but higher flow from storms is also a frequent disturbance. This paper tests how higher flow changes stream metabolism (respiration and photosynthesis, R and P). P was less resistant to changes in flow compared to R, and P took longer to recover from storms than R (2.2 versus 0.6 d). Further work on metabolic responses to flow disturbance is critical given projected increases in storms and the influence of higher flows on ecosystem health and functioning.
Thibault Lambert, Pascal Perolo, Nicolas Escoffier, and Marie-Elodie Perga
Biogeosciences, 19, 187–200, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-187-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-187-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The bacterial mineralization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in inland waters contributes to CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. Human activities affect DOM sources. However, the implications on DOM mineralization are poorly known. Combining sampling and incubations, we showed that higher bacterial respiration in agro-urban streams related to a labile pool from aquatic origin. Therefore, human activities may have a limited impact on the net carbon exchanges between inland waters and atmosphere.
Sergey N. Vorobyev, Jan Karlsson, Yuri Y. Kolesnichenko, Mikhail A. Korets, and Oleg S. Pokrovsky
Biogeosciences, 18, 4919–4936, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4919-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4919-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In order to quantify riverine carbon (C) exchange with the atmosphere in permafrost regions, we report a first assessment of CO2 and CH4 concentration and fluxes of the largest permafrost-affected river, the Lena River, during the peak of spring flow. The results allowed identification of environmental factors controlling GHG concentrations and emission in the Lena River watershed; this new knowledge can be used for foreseeing future changes in C balance in permafrost-affected Arctic rivers.
Jan Greiwe, Markus Weiler, and Jens Lange
Biogeosciences, 18, 4705–4715, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4705-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4705-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed variability in diel nitrate patterns at three locations in a lowland stream. Comparison of time lags between monitoring sites with water travel time indicated that diel patterns were created by in-stream processes rather than transported downstream from an upstream point of origin. Most of the patterns (70 %) could be explained by assimilatory nitrate uptake. The remaining patterns suggest seasonally varying dominance and synchronicity of different biochemical processes.
Matthias Pucher, Peter Flödl, Daniel Graeber, Klaus Felsenstein, Thomas Hein, and Gabriele Weigelhofer
Biogeosciences, 18, 3103–3122, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3103-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3103-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Dissolved organic matter is an important carbon source in aquatic ecosystems, yet the uptake processes are not totally understood. We found evidence for the release of degradation products, efficiency loss in the uptake with higher concentrations, stimulating effects, and quality-dependent influences from the benthic zone. To conduct this analysis, we included interactions in the equations of the nutrient spiralling concept and solve it with a Bayesian non-linear fitting algorithm.
Xin Wang, Ting Liu, Liang Wang, Zongguang Liu, Erxiong Zhu, Simin Wang, Yue Cai, Shanshan Zhu, and Xiaojuan Feng
Biogeosciences, 18, 3015–3028, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3015-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3015-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We show a comprehensive monitoring dataset on the discharge and carbon transport in a small alpine river on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, where riverine carbon increased downstream in the pre-monsoon season due to an increasing contribution of organic matter derived from seasonal permafrost thaw while it fluctuated in the monsoon season induced by sporadic precipitation. These results indicate a high sensitivity of riverine carbon in alpine headwater catchments to local hydrological events.
Man Zhao, Liesbet Jacobs, Steven Bouillon, and Gerard Govers
Biogeosciences, 18, 1511–1523, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1511-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1511-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the relative importance of two individual factors (hydrodynamical disturbance and aquatic microbial community) that possibly control SOC decomposition rates in river systems. We found aquatic microbial organisms led to rapid SOC decomposition, while effect of mechanical disturbance is relative minor. We propose a simple conceptual model: hydrodynamic disturbance is only important when soil aggregates are strong enough to withstand the disruptive forces imposed by water immersions.
Lyla L. Taylor, Charles T. Driscoll, Peter M. Groffman, Greg H. Rau, Joel D. Blum, and David J. Beerling
Biogeosciences, 18, 169–188, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-169-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-169-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is a carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategy involving soil amendments with silicate rock dust. Over 15 years, a small silicate application led to net CDR of 8.5–11.5 t CO2/ha in an acid-rain-impacted New Hampshire forest. We accounted for the total carbon cost of treatment and compared effects with an adjacent, untreated forest. Our results suggest ERW can improve the greenhouse gas balance of similar forests in addition to mitigating acid rain effects.
Scott Zolkos, Suzanne E. Tank, Robert G. Striegl, Steven V. Kokelj, Justin Kokoszka, Cristian Estop-Aragonés, and David Olefeldt
Biogeosciences, 17, 5163–5182, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5163-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5163-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
High-latitude warming thaws permafrost, exposing minerals to weathering and fluvial transport. We studied the effects of abrupt thaw and associated weathering on carbon cycling in western Canada. Permafrost collapse affected < 1 % of the landscape yet enabled carbonate weathering associated with CO2 degassing in headwaters and increased bicarbonate export across watershed scales. Weathering may become a driver of carbon cycling in ice- and mineral-rich permafrost terrain across the Arctic.
Yingjie Cao, Yingxue Xuan, Changyuan Tang, Shuai Guan, and Yisheng Peng
Biogeosciences, 17, 3875–3890, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3875-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3875-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
About half of the global CO2 sequestration due to chemical weathering occurs in warm and high-runoff regions. To evaluate the temporary and net sinks of atmospheric CO2 due to chemical weathering, we selected a typical subtropical catchment as our study area and did fieldwork to sample surface water along the main channel and major tributaries in 1 hydrological year. The result of mass balance calculation showed that human activities dramatically decreased the CO2 net sink.
Laure Gandois, Alison M. Hoyt, Stéphane Mounier, Gaël Le Roux, Charles F. Harvey, Adrien Claustres, Mohammed Nuriman, and Gusti Anshari
Biogeosciences, 17, 1897–1909, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1897-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1897-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Worldwide, peatlands are important sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and trace metals (TMs) to surface waters, and these fluxes may increase with peatland degradation. In Southeast Asia, tropical peatlands are being rapidly deforested and drained. This work aims to address the fate of organic carbon and its role as a trace metal carrier in drained peatlands of Indonesia.
Xiaohui Zhang, Moritz Müller, Shan Jiang, Ying Wu, Xunchi Zhu, Aazani Mujahid, Zhuoyi Zhu, Mohd Fakharuddin Muhamad, Edwin Sien Aun Sia, Faddrine Holt Ajon Jang, and Jing Zhang
Biogeosciences, 17, 1805–1819, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1805-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1805-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study offered detailed information on dFe concentrations, distribution and the magnitude of yield in the Rajang River, the largest river in Malaysia. Three blackwater rivers, draining from peatlands, were also included in our study. Compared with the Rajang River, the dFe concentrations and yield from three blackwater rivers were much higher. The precipitation and agricultural activities, such as palm oil plantations, may markedly increase the concentration dFe in these tropical rivers.
Caroline Coch, Bennet Juhls, Scott F. Lamoureux, Melissa J. Lafrenière, Michael Fritz, Birgit Heim, and Hugues Lantuit
Biogeosciences, 16, 4535–4553, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4535-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4535-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Climate change affects Arctic ecosystems. This includes thawing of permafrost (ground below 0 °C) and an increase in rainfall. Both have substantial impacts on the chemical composition of river water. We compared the composition of small rivers in the low and high Arctic with the large Arctic rivers. In comparison, dissolved organic matter in the small rivers is more susceptible to degradation; thus, it could potentially increase carbon dioxide emissions. Rainfall events have a similar effect.
Benedikt J. Werner, Andreas Musolff, Oliver J. Lechtenfeld, Gerrit H. de Rooij, Marieke R. Oosterwoud, and Jan H. Fleckenstein
Biogeosciences, 16, 4497–4516, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4497-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4497-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in streams can pose a threat to downstream water resources. Analyzing data from an in-stream probe we found that hydroclimatic and hydrological drivers can describe up to 72 % of the observed DOC concentration and composition variability. Variability was found to be highest during discharge events with warm and dry preconditions. The findings suggest an impact of climate change on DOC exports and thus also on downstream water quality.
Shan Jiang, Moritz Müller, Jie Jin, Ying Wu, Kun Zhu, Guosen Zhang, Aazani Mujahid, Tim Rixen, Mohd Fakharuddin Muhamad, Edwin Sien Aun Sia, Faddrine Holt Ajon Jang, and Jing Zhang
Biogeosciences, 16, 2821–2836, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2821-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2821-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Three cruises were conducted in the Rajang River estuary, Malaysia. The results revealed that the decomposition of terrestrial organic matter and the subsequent soil leaching were the main sources of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in the fresh river water. Porewater exchange and ammonification enhanced DIN concentrations in the estuary water, while intensities of DIN addition varied between seasons. The riverine DIN flux could reach 101.5 ton(N) / d, supporting the coastal primary producers.
Edwin Sien Aun Sia, Jing Zhang, Shan Jiang, Zhuoyi Zhu, Gonzalo Carrasco, Faddrine Holt Jang, Aazani Mujahid, and Moritz Müller
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-219, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-219, 2019
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Nutrient loads carried by large rivers and discharged into the continental shelf and coastal waters are vital to support primary production. Our knowledge of tropical river systems is fragmented with very few seasonal studies available for Southeast Asia (SEA). We present data from three sampling campaigns on the longest river in Malaysia, the Rajang river. Our results show the generalization of SEA as a nutrient hotspot might not hold true for all regions and requires further investigation.
Brian C. Doyle, Elvira de Eyto, Mary Dillane, Russell Poole, Valerie McCarthy, Elizabeth Ryder, and Eleanor Jennings
Biogeosciences, 16, 1053–1071, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1053-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1053-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores the drivers of variation in the water colour of rivers, and hence organic carbon export, in a blanket peatland catchment. We used 6 years of weekly river water colour data (2011 to 2016) from three proximate river sub-catchments in western Ireland. in tandem with a range of topographical, hydrological and climate data, to discover the principle environmental drivers controlling changes in colour concentration in the rivers.
Manab Kumar Dutta, Sanjeev Kumar, Rupa Mukherjee, Prasun Sanyal, and Sandip Kumar Mukhopadhyay
Biogeosciences, 16, 289–307, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-289-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-289-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The study focused on understanding C biogeochemistry of two adjacently located estuaries undergoing different levels of anthropogenic stresses. Different parameters related to C cycling were measured in an anthropogenically influenced and a mangrove-dominated estuary. Although the entire estuarine system acted as a source of carbon dioxide to the regional atmosphere, emission approximately 17 times higher was noticed from the anthropogenically affected estuary compared to mangrove-dominated one.
Ivan V. Krickov, Artem G. Lim, Rinat M. Manasypov, Sergey V. Loiko, Liudmila S. Shirokova, Sergey N. Kirpotin, Jan Karlsson, and Oleg S. Pokrovsky
Biogeosciences, 15, 6867–6884, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6867-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6867-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We tested the effect of climate, permafrost and physio-geographical landscape parameters on particulate C, N and P concentrations in small- and medium- sized rivers in the Western Siberian Lowland (WSL). We discovered a maximum of particulate C and N concentrations at the beginning of the permafrost appearance. A northward shift of permafrost boundaries may increase the particulate C and N export by WSL rivers to the Arctic Ocean by a factor of 2.
Wenjing Liu, Zhifang Xu, Huiguo Sun, Tong Zhao, Chao Shi, and Taoze Liu
Biogeosciences, 15, 4955–4971, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4955-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4955-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The southeastern coastal region is the top acid-rain-impacted area in China. It is worth evaluating the acid deposition impacts on chemical weathering and CO2 consumption there. River water geochemistry evidenced an overestimation of CO2 sequestration if H2SO4/HNO3 involvement was ignored, which accounted for 33.6 % of the total flux by silicate weathering in this area. This study quantitatively highlights the anthropogenic acid effects on chemical weathering and associated CO2 consumption.
Thi Phuong Quynh Le, Cyril Marchand, Cuong Tu Ho, Nhu Da Le, Thi Thuy Duong, XiXi Lu, Phuong Kieu Doan, Trung Kien Nguyen, Thi Mai Huong Nguyen, and Duy An Vu
Biogeosciences, 15, 4799–4814, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4799-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4799-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The Red River is a typical south-east Asian river, strongly affected by climate and human activity. This study showed the spatial and seasonal variability of CO2 emissions at the water–air interface of the lower part of this river due to natural conditions (meteo-hydrological-geomorphological characteristics) and human activities (dam impoundment, population, land use). The Red River water was supersaturated with CO2, providing a mean water–air CO2 flux of 530 ± 17 mmol m−2 d−1.
Wei Wen Wong, Jesse Pottage, Fiona Y. Warry, Paul Reich, Keryn L. Roberts, Michael R. Grace, and Perran L. M. Cook
Biogeosciences, 15, 3953–3965, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3953-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3953-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Over-enrichment of nitrate can pose substantial risk to the quality of freshwater ecosystems. Hence, understanding the dynamics of nitrate is the key to better management of waterways. This study evaluates the relationship between the effects of land use and rainfall on the major sources and processing of nitrate within and between five streams in five catchments spanning an agricultural land use gradient. We found that rainfall exerted significant control over the fate of nitrate.
Lishan Ran, Mingyang Tian, Nufang Fang, Suiji Wang, Xixi Lu, Xiankun Yang, and Frankie Cho
Biogeosciences, 15, 3857–3871, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3857-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3857-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We systematically assessed the transport and fate of riverine carbon in the moderate-sized Wuding catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau by constructing a riverine carbon budget and further relating it to terrestrial ecosystem productivity. The riverine carbon export accounted for 16 % of the catchment's net ecosystem production (NEP). It seems that a significant fraction of terrestrial NEP in this catchment is laterally transported from the terrestrial biosphere to the drainage network.
Robert O. Hall Jr. and Hilary L. Madinger
Biogeosciences, 15, 3085–3092, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3085-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3085-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Streams exchange oxygen with the atmosphere, but this rate is difficult to measure. We added argon to small mountain streams to estimate gas exchange. We compared these rates with sulfur hexafluoride, an intense greenhouse gas. Argon worked well to measure gas exchange, but had higher-than-predicted rates than sulfur hexafluoride. Argon exchange is more likely to represent that for oxygen because they share similar physical properties. We suggest argon to measure gas exchange in small streams.
Ji-Hyung Park, Omme K. Nayna, Most S. Begum, Eliyan Chea, Jens Hartmann, Richard G. Keil, Sanjeev Kumar, Xixi Lu, Lishan Ran, Jeffrey E. Richey, Vedula V. S. S. Sarma, Shafi M. Tareq, Do Thi Xuan, and Ruihong Yu
Biogeosciences, 15, 3049–3069, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3049-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3049-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Human activities are drastically altering water and material flows in river systems across Asia. This review provides a conceptual framework for assessing the human impacts on Asian river C fluxes and an update on anthropogenic alterations of riverine C fluxes, focusing on the impacts of water pollution and river impoundments on CO2 outgassing from the rivers draining South, Southeast, and East Asian regions that account for the largest fraction of river discharge and C exports from Asia.
Chung-Te Chang, Jr-Chuan Huang, Lixin Wang, Yu-Ting Shih, and Teng-Chiu Lin
Biogeosciences, 15, 2379–2391, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2379-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2379-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Our analysis of ion input–output budget illustrates that hydrochemical responses to typhoon storms are distinctly different from those of regular storms. In addition, even mild land use change may have large impacts on nutrient exports/losses. We propose that hydrological models should separate hydrochemical processes into regular and extreme conditions to better capture the whole spectrum of hydrochemical responses to a variety of climate conditions.
Camille Minaudo, Florence Curie, Yann Jullian, Nathalie Gassama, and Florentina Moatar
Biogeosciences, 15, 2251–2269, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2251-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2251-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We developed the model QUALity-NETwork (QUAL-NET) to simulate water quality variations in large drainage networks. This model is accurate enough to represent processes occurring over short periods of time such as storm events and helps to fully understand water quality variations in stream networks in the context of climate change and varying human pressures. It was tested on the Loire River and provided good performances and a new understanding of the functioning of the river.
Michael P. Schwab, Julian Klaus, Laurent Pfister, and Markus Weiler
Biogeosciences, 15, 2177–2188, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2177-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2177-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the diel fluctuations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in a small stream in Luxembourg. We identified an increased proportion of DOC from terrestrial sources as responsible for the peaks in DOC in the afternoon. Warmer water temperatures in the riparian zone in the afternoon increased the amount of water flowing towards the stream. Consequently, an increased amount of DOC-rich water from the riparian zone was entering the stream.
Trent R. Marwick, Fredrick Tamooh, Bernard Ogwoka, Alberto V. Borges, François Darchambeau, and Steven Bouillon
Biogeosciences, 15, 1683–1700, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1683-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1683-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
A 2-year biogeochemical record provides annual sediment and element flux estimates for the non-dammed Sabaki River, Kenya, establishing a baseline for future research in light of impending construction of the first major upstream reservoir. Over 80 % of material fluxes occur across the wet season, with annual yields comparable to the adjacent, and dammed, Tana River. Observations at low-flow periods suggest large mammalian herbivores may be vectors of terrestrial subsidies to the water column.
Loris Deirmendjian, Denis Loustau, Laurent Augusto, Sébastien Lafont, Christophe Chipeaux, Dominique Poirier, and Gwenaël Abril
Biogeosciences, 15, 669–691, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-669-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-669-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon leaching to streams represents a very small (~ 2 %) fraction of forest net ecosystem exchange (NEE). Such weak export of carbon from forest ecosystems, at least in temperate regions, is at odds with recent studies that attempt to integrate the contribution of inland waters in the continent carbon budget. Understanding why local and global carbon mass balances strongly diverge on the proportion of land NEE exported to aquatic systems is a major challenge for research in this field.
Katrin Magin, Celia Somlai-Haase, Ralf B. Schäfer, and Andreas Lorke
Biogeosciences, 14, 5003–5014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5003-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5003-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed the relationship between terrestrial net primary production (NPP) and the rate at which carbon is exported from catchments in a temperate stream network. The carbon exported by streams and rivers corresponds to 2.7 % of the terrestrial NPP. CO2 evasion and downstream transport contribute about equally to this flux. A review of existing studies suggests that the catchment-specific carbon export varies in a relatively narrow range across different study regions and spatial scales.
Rémi Dupas, Andreas Musolff, James W. Jawitz, P. Suresh C. Rao, Christoph G. Jäger, Jan H. Fleckenstein, Michael Rode, and Dietrich Borchardt
Biogeosciences, 14, 4391–4407, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4391-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4391-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon and nutrient export regimes were analyzed from archetypal headwater catchments to
downstream reaches. In headwater catchments, land use and lithology determine
land-to-stream C, N and P transfer processes. The crucial role of riparian
zones in C, N and P coupling was investigated. In downstream reaches,
point-source contributions and in-stream processes alter C, N and P export
regimes.
Rose M. Smith, Sujay S. Kaushal, Jake J. Beaulieu, Michael J. Pennino, and Claire Welty
Biogeosciences, 14, 2831–2849, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2831-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2831-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Urban streams receive excess nitrogen from numerous sources. We hypothesized that variations in carbon availability and subsurface infrastructure influence emissions of N2O and other greenhouse gases (CH4 and CO2) as excess N is utilized by microbes. We sampled eight streams draining four categories of stormwater and sanitary infrastructure. Dissolved nitrogen concentration was the strongest predictor of CO2 and N2O concentrations, while C : N ratio was the strongest predictor of CH4 in streams.
Benjamin Kupilas, Daniel Hering, Armin W. Lorenz, Christoph Knuth, and Björn Gücker
Biogeosciences, 14, 1989–2002, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1989-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1989-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Modern ecosystem restoration should consider a wide range of environmental characteristics, including functional ones, such as rates and patterns of ecosystem metabolism. We show that hydromorphological river restoration enhanced habitat availability and abundance of macrophytes, promoting river primary productivity and respiration. Incorporating ecosystem functioning into monitoring programs enables a more holistic assessment of river health and a better understanding of restoration effects.
Julia Vanessa Kunz, Michael D. Annable, Jaehyun Cho, Wolf von Tümpling, Kirk Hatfield, Suresh Rao, Dietrich Borchardt, and Michael Rode
Biogeosciences, 14, 631–649, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-631-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-631-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The hyporheic zone, the subsurface region of streams, is a key compartment for in-stream nutrient retention. Knowledge on actual hyporheic processing rates is still limited due to methodological restrictions which are mainly related to the high local and temporal variability of subsurface flow patterns and nutrient transformation processes. We present a new device which allows quantitative assessment of hyporheic nutrient fluxes and demonstrate its advantages in an exemplary field testing.
Jemma Louise Wadham, Jonathan Hawkings, Jon Telling, Dave Chandler, Jon Alcock, Emily O'Donnell, Preeti Kaur, Elizabeth Bagshaw, Martyn Tranter, Andre Tedstone, and Peter Nienow
Biogeosciences, 13, 6339–6352, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6339-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6339-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Fjord and continental shelf environments in the polar regions are host to some of the planet's most productive ecosystems and support economically important fisheries. A key limiting nutrient for many of these marine phytoplankton is nitrogen. Here we evaluate the potential for a melting Greenland Ice Sheet to supply nitrogen to Arctic coastal ecosystems. We show nitrogen fluxes of a similar order of magnitude to one large Arctic river but yields that are double those typical of Arctic rivers.
Mi-Hee Lee, Jean-Lionel Payeur-Poirier, Ji-Hyung Park, and Egbert Matzner
Biogeosciences, 13, 5421–5432, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5421-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5421-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Heavy storm events may increase the organic matter fluxes from forested watersheds and deteriorate water quality. Our study in two forested watershed in Korea revealed, that a larger proportion of coniferous forests likely leads to less organic carbon and larger of inorganic nitrogen fluxes to the receiving surface water bodies. More severe monsoon storms in the future will increase the fluxes of dissolved organic matter.
Thibault Lambert, Steven Bouillon, François Darchambeau, Philippe Massicotte, and Alberto V. Borges
Biogeosciences, 13, 5405–5420, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5405-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5405-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This paper aims to investigate the spatial variability in dissolved organic matter (DOM) in terms of both concentration and composition in the Congo River network. Stable carbon isotopes and absorption and fluorescent properties of DOM were used as proxies for DOM composition. This study shows that DOM degradation within the Congo Basin results in the transition from aromatic to aliphatic DOM as well as the role of landscape and water residence time on this transition.
Tae Kyung Yoon, Hyojin Jin, Neung-Hwan Oh, and Ji-Hyung Park
Biogeosciences, 13, 3915–3930, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3915-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3915-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Spray- and marble-type equilibrators and a membrane-enclosed CO2 sensor were compared to assess their suitability for continuous pCO2 measurements in inland waters. The results suggest that the fast response of the equilibration systems facilitates capturing large spatial variations in pCO2 during short underway measurements. The membrane-enclosed sensor would be suitable for long-term continuous measurements if biofouling could be overcome by antifouling measures such as copper mesh coverings.
Hongbing Ji, Cai Li, Huaijian Ding, and Yang Gao
Biogeosciences, 13, 3687–3699, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3687-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3687-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The mineral composition, C / N ratios as well as 13C and 15N, of POC was firstly analyzed in suspended and surface sediments in the Wujiang River after the Three Gorges Dam began impounding sediment in 2004. A comparison of POC yield was made between karstic rivers and non-karstic rivers to evaluate the influence of carbonate distribution on POC transport. Considering the cascade reservoir and climate in the Wujiang River, the impacts of reservoirs and extreme drought were estimated in this study.
Johanna I. F. Slaets, Petra Schmitter, Thomas Hilger, Tran Duc Vien, and Georg Cadisch
Biogeosciences, 13, 3267–3281, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3267-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3267-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Maize production on steep slopes causes erosion. Where the eroded material ends up is not well understood. This study assessed transport of sediment in mountainous Vietnam, where maize is cultivated on slopes and rice is cultivated in valleys. Per year, 64 tons per hectare of sediments are brought into the rice fields and 28 tons of those are deposited there. The sediment fraction captured by the paddies is mostly sandy, while fertile silt and clay are exported. Upland erosion thus impacts rice production.
Cited articles
Abril, G., Martinez, J. M., Artigas, L. F., Moreira-Turcq, P., Benedetti,
M. F., Vidal, L., Meziane, T., Kim, J. H., Bernardes, M. C., Savoye, N.,
Deborde, J., Souza, E. L., Alberic, P., Landim de Souza, M. F., and Roland,
F.: Amazon River carbon dioxide outgassing fuelled by wetlands, Nature, 505,
395–398, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12797, 2014.
Abril, G., Bouillon, S., Darchambeau, F., Teodoru, C. R., Marwick, T. R., Tamooh, F., Ochieng Omengo, F., Geeraert, N., Deirmendjian, L., Polsenaere, P., and Borges, A. V.: Technical Note: Large overestimation of pCO2 calculated from pH and alkalinity in acidic, organic-rich freshwaters, Biogeosciences, 12, 67–78, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-67-2015, 2015.
Alin, S. R., Rasera, M. d. F. F. L., Salimon, C. I., Richey, J. E.,
Holtgrieve, G. W., Krusche, A. V., and Snidvongs, A.: Physical controls on
carbon dioxide transfer velocity and flux in low-gradient river systems and
implications for regional carbon budgets, J. Geophys. Res.,
116, G01009, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010jg001398, 2011.
Almeida, R. M., Pacheco, F. S., Barros, N., Rosi, E., and Roland, F.:
Extreme floods increase CO2 outgassing from a large Amazonian river,
Limnol. Oceanogr., 62, 989-999,
https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10480, 2017.
Amaral, J. H. F., Melack, J. M., Barbosa, P. M., MacIntyre, S., Kasper, D.,
Cortés, A., Silva, T. S. F., Nunes de Sousa, R., and Forsberg, B. R.:
Carbon dioxide fluxes to the atmosphere from waters within flooded forests
in the Amazon basin, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 125,
e2019JG005293, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JG005293, 2020.
Battin, T. J., Luyssaert, S., Kaplan, L. A., Aufdenkampe, A. K., Richter,
A., and Tranvik, L. J.: The boundless carbon cycle, Nat. Geosci., 2,
598–600, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo618, 2009.
Borges, A. V., Delille, B., Schiettecatte, L. S., Gazeau, F., Abril, G.,
Frankignoulle, M. J. L., and Oceanography: Gas transfer velocities of
CO2 in three European estuaries (Randers Fjord, Scheldt, and Thames),
Limnol. Oceanogr., 49, 1630–1641,
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2004.49.5.1630, 2004.
Borges, A. V., Abril, G., Darchambeau, F., Teodoru, C. R., Deborde, J.,
Vidal, L. O., Lambert, T., and Bouillon, S.: Divergent biophysical controls
of aquatic CO2 and CH4 in the World's two largest rivers, Sci.
Rep., 5, 15614, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep15614, 2015a.
Borges, A. V., Darchambeau, F., Teodoru, C. R., Marwick, T. R., Tamooh, F.,
Geeraert, N., Omengo, F. O., Guérin, F., Lambert, T., Morana, C., Okuku,
E., and Bouillon, S.: Globally significant greenhouse-gas emissions from
African inland waters, Nat. Geosci., 8, 637–642, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2486,
2015b.
Borges, A. V., Darchambeau, F., Lambert, T., Bouillon, S., Morana, C.,
Brouyere, S., Hakoun, V., Jurado, A., Tseng, H. C., Descy, J. P., and
Roland, F. A. E.: Effects of agricultural land use on fluvial carbon
dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide concentrations in a large European river,
the Meuse (Belgium), Sci. Total Environ., 610/611, 342–355,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.047, 2018.
Chen, Q., Xu, W., Li, S., Fu, S., and Yan, J.: Aboveground biomass and
corresponding carbon sequestration ability of four major forest types in
south China, Chin. Sci. Bull., 58, 1551–1557,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-012-5100-8, 2013.
Chen, Y. D., Zhang, Q., Lu, X., Zhang, S., and Zhang, Z.: Precipitation
variability (1956–2002) in the Dongjiang River (Zhujiang River basin,
China) and associated large-scale circulation, Quaternary Int.,
244, 130–137, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2010.08.013, 2011.
Cole, J. J., Prairie, Y. T., Caraco, N. F., McDowell, W. H., Tranvik, L. J.,
Striegl, R. G., Duarte, C. M., Kortelainen, P., Downing, J. A., Middelburg,
J. J., and Melack, J.: Plumbing the global carbon cycle: Integrating inland
waters into the terrestrial carbon budget, Ecosystems, 10, 172–185,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-006-9013-8, 2007.
Denfeld, B. A., Frey, K. E., Sobczak, W. V., Mann, P. J., and Holmes, R. M.:
Summer CO2 evasion from streams and rivers in the Kolyma River basin,
north-east Siberia, Polar Res., 32, 19704,
https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.19704, 2013.
Dickson, A. G., Sabine, C. L., and Christian, J. R. (Eds.): Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements, North Pacific Marine Science Organization, BC, Canada, 2007.
Ding, J., Jiang, Y., Fu, L., Liu, Q., Peng, Q., and Kang, M.: Impacts of
land use on surface water quality in a subtropical river basin: A case study
of the Dongjiang River Basin, Southeastern China, Water, 7, 4427–4445,
https://doi.org/10.3390/w7084427, 2015.
Dinsmore, K. J., Wallin, M. B., Johnson, M. S., Billett, M. F., Bishop, K.,
Pumpanen, J., and Ojala, A.: Contrasting CO2 concentration discharge
dynamics in headwater streams: A multi-catchment comparison, J.
Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 118, 445–461,
https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrg.20047, 2013.
Drake, T. W., Raymond, P. A., and Spencer, R. G.: Terrestrial carbon inputs
to inland waters: A current synthesis of estimates and uncertainty,
Limnol. Oceanogr. Lett., 3, 132–142,
https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10055, 2018.
Duvert, C., Butman, D. E., Marx, A., Ribolzi, O., and Hutley, L. B.:
CO2 evasion along streams driven by groundwater inputs and geomorphic
controls, Nat. Geosci., 11, 813–818,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0245-y, 2018.
Fu, Y., Tang, C., Li, J., Zhao, Y., Zhong, W., and Zeng, X.: Sources and
transport of organic carbon from the Dongjiang River to the Humen outlet of
the Pearl River, southern China, J. Geogr. Sci., 24,
143–158, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-014-1078-2, 2014.
Geeraert, N., Omengo, F. O., Borges, A. V., Govers, G., and Bouillon, S.:
Shifts in the carbon dynamics in a tropical lowland river system (Tana
River, Kenya) during flooded and non-flooded conditions, Biogeochemistry,
132, 141–163, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-017-0292-2, 2017.
Gómez-Gener, L., Rocher-Ros, G., Battin, T., Cohen, M. J., Dalmagro, H.
J., Dinsmore, K. J., Drake, T. W., Duvert, C., Enrich-Prast, A., Horgby,
Å., Johnson, M. S., Kirk, L., Machado-Silva, F., Marzolf, N. S.,
McDowell, M. J., McDowell, W. H., Miettinen, H., Ojala, A. K., Peter, H.,
Pumpanen, J., Ran, L., Riveros-Iregui, D. A., Santos, I. R., Six, J.,
Stanley, E. H., Wallin, M. B., White, S. A., and Sponseller, R. A.: Global
carbon dioxide efflux from rivers enhanced by high nocturnal emissions,
Nat. Geosci., 14, 289–294, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00722-3, 2021.
Guérin, F., Abril, G., Serça, D., Delon, C., Richard, S., Delmas,
R., Tremblay, A., and Varfalvy, L.: Gas transfer velocities of CO2 and
CH4 in a tropical reservoir and its river downstream, J. Mar.
Syst., 66, 161–172,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2006.03.019, 2007.
Ho, D. T., Engel, V. C., Ferrón, S., Hickman, B., Choi, J., and Harvey,
J. W.: On factors influencing air-water gas exchange in emergent wetlands,
J. Geophys.l Res.- Biogeo., 123, 178–192,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG004299, 2018.
Hope, D., Billett, M., and Cresser, M.: A review of the export of carbon in
river water: fluxes and processes, Environ. Pollut., 84, 301–324, https://doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90142-2,
1994.
Hope, D., Palmer, S. M., Billett, M. F., and Dawson, J. J. J. H. P.:
Variations in dissolved CO2 and CH4 in a first-order stream and
catchment: an investigation of soil–stream linkages, J.
Hydrol. Process., 18, 3255–3275,
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.5657, 2004.
Hotchkiss, E., Hall Jr, R., Sponseller, R., Butman, D., Klaminder, J.,
Laudon, H., Rosvall, M., and Karlsson, J. J. N. G.: Sources of and processes
controlling CO2 emissions change with the size of streams and rivers,
Nat. Geosci., 8, 696–699,
https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2507, 2015.
Jeffrey, L. C., Santos, I. R., Tait, D. R., Makings, U., and Maher, D. T.:
Seasonal drivers of carbon dioxide dynamics in a hydrologically modified
subtropical tidal river and estuary (Caboolture River, Australia), J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 123, 1827–1849,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jg004023, 2018.
Johnson, M. S., Weiler, M., Couto, E. G., Riha, S. J., and Lehmann, J.:
Storm pulses of dissolved CO2 in a forested headwater Amazonian stream
explored using hydrograph separation, Water Resour. Res., 43, W11201,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006359, 2007.
Johnson, M. S., Lehmann, J., Riha, S. J., Krusche, A. V., Richey, J. E.,
Ometto, J. P. H., and Couto, E. G.: CO2 efflux from Amazonian headwater
streams represents a significant fate for deep soil respiration, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 35, L17401, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL034619, 2008.
Kalbitz, K. and Kaiser, K.: Contribution of dissolved organic matter to
carbon storage in forest mineral soils, J. Plant Nutr. Soil
Sci., 171, 52–60, https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200700043, 2008.
Lambert, T., Bouillon, S., Darchambeau, F., Morana, C., Roland, F. A. E.,
Descy, J.-P., and Borges, A. V.: Effects of human land use on the
terrestrial and aquatic sources of fluvial organic matter in a temperate
river basin (The Meuse River, Belgium), Biogeochemistry, 136, 191–211,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-017-0387-9, 2017.
Lauerwald, R., Laruelle, G. G., Hartmann, J., Ciais, P., and Regnier, P. A.:
Spatial patterns in CO2 evasion from the global river network, Global
Biogeochem. Cy., 29, 534–554,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GB004941, 2015.
Le Coz, J., Pierrefeu, G., and Paquier, A.: Evaluation of river discharges
monitored by a fixed side-looking Doppler profiler, Water Resour.
Res., 44, W00D09, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR006967, 2008.
Le, T. P. Q., Marchand, C., Ho, C. T., Da Le, N., Duong, T. T., Lu, X.,
Doan, P. K., Nguyen, T. K., Nguyen, T. M. H., and Vu, D. A.: CO2
partial pressure and CO2 emission along the lower Red River (Vietnam),
Biogeosciences, 15, 4799–4814,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4799-2018, 2018.
Li, S., Lu, X. X., and Bush, R. T.: CO2 partial pressure and CO2
emission in the Lower Mekong River, J. Hydrol., 504, 40–56,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.09.024, 2013.
Li, S., Ni, M., Mao, R., and Bush, R. T.: Riverine CO2 supersaturation
and outgassing in a subtropical monsoonal mountainous area (Three Gorges
Reservoir Region) of China, J. Hydrol., 558, 460–469,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.01.057, 2018.
Li, X., Xu, J., Shi, Z., and Li, R.: Response of Bacterial Metabolic
Activity to the River Discharge in the Pearl River Estuary: Implication for
CO2 Degassing Fluxes, Front. Microbiol., 10, 1026,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01026, 2019.
Liang, B., Hu, J. T., Li, S. Y., Ye, Y. X., Liu, D. H., and Huang, J.:
Carbon system simulation in the Pearl River Estuary, China: Mass fluxes and
transformations, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 125,
e2019JG005012, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jg005012, 2020.
Luo, J., Li, S., Ni, M., and Zhang, J.: Large spatiotemporal shifts of
CO2 partial pressure and CO2 degassing in a monsoonal headwater
stream, J. Hydrol., 579, 124135,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124135, 2019.
Marx, A., Dusek, J., Jankovec, J., Sanda, M., Vogel, T., van Geldern, R.,
Hartmann, J., and Barth, J. A. C.: A review of CO2 and associated
carbon dynamics in headwater streams: A global perspective, Rev.
Geophys., 55, 560–585, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016rg000547, 2017.
Millero, F. J., Graham, T. B., Huang, F., Bustos-Serrano, H., and Pierrot,
D.: Dissociation constants of carbonic acid in seawater as a function of
salinity and temperature, Mar. Chem., 100, 80–94,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2005.12.001, 2006.
Moramarco, T., Saltalippi, C., and Singh, V. P.: Estimation of Mean Velocity
in Natural Channels Based on Chiu's Velocity Distribution
Equation, J. Hydrol. Eng., 9, 42–50,
https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2004)9:1(42), 2004.
Müller-Dum, D., Warneke, T., Rixen, T., Müller, M., Baum, A.,
Christodoulou, A., Oakes, J., Eyre, B. D., and Notholt, J.: Impact of
peatlands on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the Rajang River and
Estuary, Malaysia, Biogeosciences, 16, 17–32,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-17-2019, 2019.
Ni, M., Li, S., Luo, J., and Lu, X.: CO2 partial pressure and CO2
degassing in the Daning River of the upper Yangtze River, China, J.
Hydrol., 569, 483–494,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.12.017, 2019.
Ran, L., Lu, X. X., Yang, H., Li, L., Yu, R., Sun, H., and Han, J.: CO2
outgassing from the Yellow River network and its implications for riverine
carbon cycle, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 120,
1334–1347, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jg002982, 2015.
Ran, L., Li, L., Tian, M., Yang, X., Yu, R., Zhao, J., Wang, L., and Lu, X.:
Riverine CO2 emissions in the Wuding River catchment on the Loess
Plateau: Environmental controls and dam impoundment impact, J.
Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 122, 1439–1455,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003713, 2017a.
Ran, L., Lu, X. X., and Liu, S.: Dynamics of riverine CO2 in the
Yangtze River fluvial network and their implications for carbon evasion,
Biogeosciences, 14, 2183–2198,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2183-2017, 2017b.
Ran, L., Lu, X., Fang, N., and Yang, X.: Effective soil erosion control
represents a significant net carbon sequestration, Sci. Rep., 8, 12018, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30497-4, 2018.
Ran, Y., Li, X., Lu, L., and Li, Z.: Large-scale land cover mapping with the
integration of multi-source information based on the Dempster–Shafer
theory, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci., 26,
169–191, doi10.1080/13658816.2011.577745, 2012.
Rasera, M. d. F. F., Krusche, A. V., Richey, J. E., Ballester, M. V., and
Victoria, R. L.: Spatial and temporal variability of pCO2 and CO2
efflux in seven Amazonian Rivers, Biogeochemistry, 116, 241–259,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-013-9854-0, 2013.
Raymond, P. A., Zappa, C. J., Butman, D., Bott, T. L., Potter, J.,
Mulholland, P., Laursen, A. E., McDowell, W. H., and Newbold, D.: Scaling
the gas transfer velocity and hydraulic geometry in streams and small
rivers, Limnol. Oceanogr.-Fluid. Environ., 2, 41–53,
https://doi.org/10.1215/21573689-1597669, 2012.
Raymond, P. A., Hartmann, J., Lauerwald, R., Sobek, S., McDonald, C.,
Hoover, M., Butman, D., Striegl, R., Mayorga, E., and Humborg, C.: Global
carbon dioxide emissions from inland waters, Nature, 503, 355–359,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12760, 2013.
Reiman, J. H. and Xu, Y. J.: Diel Variability of pCO2 and CO2 Outgassing
from the Lower Mississippi River: Implications for Riverine CO2 Outgassing
Estimation, Water, 11, 43, https://doi.org/10.3390/w11010043, 2019a.
Reiman, J. H. and Xu, Y. J.: Dissolved carbon export and CO2
outgassing from the lower Mississippi River – Implications of future river
carbon fluxes, J. Hydrol., 578, 124093,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124093, 2019b.
Rocher-Ros, G., Sponseller, R. A., Lidberg, W., Mörth, C. M., and
Giesler, R.: Landscape process domains drive patterns of CO2 evasion from
river networks, Limnol. Oceanogr. Lett., 4, 87–95, https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10108, 2019.
Sawakuchi, H. O., Neu, V., Ward, N. D., Barros, M. d. L. C., Valerio, A. M.,
Gagne-Maynard, W., Cunha, A. C., Less, D. F. S., Diniz, J. E. M., Brito, D.
C., Krusche, A. V., and Richey, J. E.: Carbon dioxide emissions along the
lower Amazon River, Front. Mar. Sci., 4, 76,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00076, 2017.
Stets, E. G., Butman, D., McDonald, C. P., Stackpoole, S. M., DeGrandpre, M.
D., and Striegl, R. G.: Carbonate buffering and metabolic controls on carbon
dioxide in rivers, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 31, 663–677,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gb005578, 2017.
Tao, Z., Gao, Q., Wang, Z., Zhang, S., Xie, C., Lin, P., Ruan, X., Li, S.,
and Mao, H.: Estimation of carbon sinks in chemical weathering in a humid
subtropical mountainous basin, Chin. Sci. Bull., 56, 3774–3782,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-010-4318-6, 2011.
Teodoru, C. R., Nyoni, F. C., Borges, A. V., Darchambeau, F., Nyambe, I., and Bouillon, S.: Dynamics of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) along the Zambezi River and major tributaries, and their importance in the riverine carbon budget, Biogeosciences, 12, 2431–2453, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2431-2015, 2015.
Tian, M., Yang, X., Ran, L., Su, Y., Li, L., Yu, R., Hu, H., and Lu, X. X.:
Impact of land cover types on riverine CO2 outgassing in the Yellow
River source region, Water, 11, 2243,
https://doi.org/10.3390/w11112243, 2019.
Wanninkhof, R.: Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the
ocean, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 97, 7373–7382,
https://doi.org/10.1029/92JC00188, 1992.
Weiss, R. F.: Carbon dioxide in water and seawater: the solubility of a
non-ideal gas, Mar. Chem., 2, 203–215,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(74)90015-2, 1974.
Xuan, Y., Cao, Y., Tang, C., and Li, M.: Changes in dissolved inorganic
carbon in river water due to urbanization revealed by hydrochemistry and
carbon isotope in the Pearl River Delta, China, Environ. Sci.
Pollut. Res., 27, 24542–24557, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08454-4, 2020.
Yao, G., Gao, Q., Wang, Z., Huang, X., He, T., Zhang, Y., Jiao, S., and
Ding, J.: Dynamics of CO2 partial pressure and CO2 outgassing in
the lower reaches of the Xijiang River, a subtropical monsoon river in
China, Sci. Total Environ., 376, 255–266,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.080, 2007.
Zhang, L., Qin, X., Liu, P., Huang, Q., Lan, F., and Ji, H.: Estimation of
carbon sink fluxes in the Pearl River basin (China) based on a
water–rock–gas–organism interaction model, Environ. Earth Sci.,
74, 945–952, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3788-2, 2015.
Zhang, S., Lu, X. X., Higgitt, D. L., Chen, C.-T. A., Han, J., and Sun, H.:
Recent changes of water discharge and sediment load in the Zhujiang (Pearl
River) Basin, China, Glob. Planet. Change, 60, 365–380,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.04.003, 2008.
Zhang, T., Li, J., Pu, J., and Yuan, D.: Carbon dioxide exchanges and their
controlling factors in Guijiang River, SW China, J. Hydrol., 578,
124073, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124073, 2019.
Zhang, W., Li, H., Xiao, Q., and Li, X.: Urban rivers are hotspots of
riverine greenhouse gas (N2O, CH4, CO2) emissions in the mixed-landscape
chaohu lake basin, Water Res., 189, 116624, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116624, 2021.
Short summary
Spatial and temporal patterns of pCO2 in the subtropical Dong River basin were mainly affected by C inputs and in-stream metabolism, both of which varied due to differential catchment settings, land cover, and hydrological conditions. CO2 fluxes in the wet season were 2-fold larger than in the dry season due to high pCO2 and turbulence caused by high flow velocity. The absence of high CO2 fluxes in small rivers could be associated with the depletion effect caused by abundant precipitation.
Spatial and temporal patterns of pCO2 in the subtropical Dong River basin were mainly affected...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint