Articles | Volume 19, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-71-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-71-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
05 Jan 2022
Research article |
| 05 Jan 2022
| 05 Jan 2022
Bioaerosols and atmospheric ice nuclei in a Mediterranean dryland: community changes related to rainfall
Kai Tang
Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, P.O. Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany
Beatriz Sánchez-Parra
Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, P.O. Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany
Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Holteigasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
Petya Yordanova
Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, P.O. Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany
Jörn Wehking
Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, P.O. Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany
now at: HygCen Austria GmbH, Werksgelände 28,
5500 Bischofshofen, Austria
Anna T. Backes
Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, P.O. Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany
Daniel A. Pickersgill
Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, P.O. Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany
Stefanie Maier
Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Holteigasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
Jean Sciare
Climate and Atmosphere Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, 2121 Nicosia, Cyprus
Ulrich Pöschl
Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, P.O. Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany
Bettina Weber
Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, P.O. Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany
Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Holteigasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
Janine Fröhlich-Nowoisky
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, P.O. Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany
Related authors
No articles found.
Rafael Valiati, Bruno B. Meller, Marco A. Franco, Luciana V. Rizzo, Luiz A. T. Machado, Sebastian Brill, Bruna A. Holanda, Leslie A. Kremper, Subha S. Raj, Samara Carbone, Cléo Q. Dias-Júnior, Fernando G. Morais, Meinrat O. Andreae, Ulrich Pöschl, Christopher Pöhlker, and Paulo Artaxo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 14923–14944, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14923-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14923-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study highlights the different aerosol populations that are commonly observed in the central Amazon. Vertical gradients of aerosol optical and chemical properties were evaluated on different atmospheric conditions, and showed distinct characteristics of these particles. Intercontinental transport events bring to the region particles with a contrasting chemical composition, while vertical transport processes influence the aerosol properties by promoting the development of coating and aging.
Anchal Garg, Maximilien Desservettaz, Aliki Christodoulou, Theodoros Christoudias, Vijay Punjaji Kanawade, Chrysanthos Savvides, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Shahid Naqui, Tuija Jokinen, Joseph Byron, Jonathan Williams, Nikos Mihalopoulos, Eleni Liakakou, Jean Sciare, and Efstratios Bourtsoukidis
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5124, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5124, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
We measured organic gases in Cyprus for over two years to understand how heat, sunlight, wind, and other parameters affect air quality. Natural emissions peaked in summer. Computer models missed some sources, showing gaps in current knowledge. Our results reveal how temperature and regional pollution together shape air chemistry and help predict ozone and aerosol formation in the Eastern Mediterranean.
Barbara Ervens, Ken S. Carslaw, Thomas Koop, and Ulrich Pöschl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 13903–13952, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13903-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13903-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Over 25 years, the European Geosciences Union (EGU) has demonstrated the success, viability and benefits of interactive open-access (OA) publishing with public peer review in its journals, its publishing platform EGUsphere and virtual compilations. The article summarizes the evolution of the EGU/Copernicus publications and of OA publishing with interactive public peer review at large by placing the EGU/Copernicus publications in the context of current and future global open science.
Matteo Krüger, Tommaso Galeazzo, Ivan Eremets, Bertil Schmidt, Ulrich Pöschl, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Thomas Berkemeier
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 7357–7371, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-7357-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-7357-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This work uses machine learning to predict saturation vapor pressures of atmospherically-relevant organic compounds, crucial for partitioning of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). We introduce a new method using graph convolutional neural networks, in which molecular graphs enable the model to capture molecular connectivity better than with non-structural embeddings. The method shows strong agreement with experimentally determined vapor pressures, and outperforms existing estimation methods.
Bruno B. Meller, Marco A. Franco, Rafael Valiati, Christopher Pöhlker, Luiz A. T. Machado, Florian Ditas, Leslie A. Kremper, Subha S. Raj, Cleo Q. Dias-Júnior, Flávio A. F. D'Oliveira, Luciana V. Rizzo, Ulrich Pöschl, and Paulo Artaxo
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4581, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4581, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosols are tiny particles that help clouds form and influence the climate. In the Amazon, clear events of new particle formation are rare, making it difficult to explain the origin of these particles. Using ten years of measurements, we discovered a subtle but frequent process called Quiet New Particle Formation. This hidden mechanism slowly produces and grows small particles and is responsible for nearly half of the smallest aerosols observed during the wet season.
Siqing Xu, Sebastiaan Luyssaert, Yves Balkanski, Philippe Ciais, Nicolas Viovy, Liang Wan, and Jean Sciare
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3382, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3382, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Geoscientific Model Development (GMD).
Short summary
Short summary
Prescribing a fixed maximum grass density in the ORCHIDEE model limits its ability to capture grassland dynamics, leading to unrealistic mortality, especially in semi-arid grasslands. We proposed a dynamic density approach where a positive density-precipitation relationship emerges. This method significantly reduces mortality, sustains productivity, and raises the aridity threshold above which frequent mortality events occur in grasslands.
Constantina Rousogenous, Christof Petri, Pierre-Yves Quehe, Thomas Laemmel, Joshua L. Laughner, Maximilien Desservettaz, Michael Pikridas, Michel Ramonet, Efstratios Bourtsoukidis, Matthias Buschmann, Justus Notholt, Thorsten Warneke, Jean-Daniel Paris, Jean Sciare, and Mihalis Vrekoussis
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1442, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1442, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East is a greenhouse gas emission hotspot but lacks atmospheric monitoring. Our study introduces the first Total Carbon Column Observing Network site in this region, in Cyprus, providing high-precision columnar measurement of key greenhouse gases. This new dataset enhances global climate monitoring efforts, supports the validation of satellites, will help assess regional emission trends, filling a critical observational gap in this climate-sensitive region.
Alkistis Papetta, Maria Kezoudi, Holger Baars, Athina Floutsi, Eleni Drakaki, Konrad Kandler, Elena Louca, Theodoros Christoudias, Eleni Marinou, Chris Stopford, Troy Thornberry, Vassilis Amiridis, Jean Sciare, and Franco Marenco
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3404, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3404, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Dust in the atmosphere affects air quality, weather, and climate, but measuring it is challenging. We used drones and ground-based instruments to study how dust particles interact with light and relate this to their mass. Current methods often underestimate large dust particles, leading to errors in dust quantity. Our results show that regional differences in dust must be considered to improve climate models and satellite observations.
Elie Bimenyimana, Jean Sciare, Michael Pikridas, Konstantina Oikonomou, Minas Iakovides, Emily Vasiliadou, Chrysanthos Savvides, and Nikos Mihalopoulos
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3234, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3234, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term (2015–2023) source apportionment analysis reveals that reduction in PM10 concentration levels from traffic in Cypriot cities is completely offset by the concomitant increase of uncontrolled PM from local sources (road dust resuspension, and domestic wood burning), along with rising Middle East PM from fossil fuel emissions. This poses a major challenge for Cyprus to comply with the stricter PM10 limits set by the new EU air quality directive.
Anthony Rey-Pommier, Alexandre Héraud, Frédéric Chevallier, Philippe Ciais, Theodoros Christoudias, Jonilda Kushta, and Jean Sciare
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 3329–3351, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3329-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3329-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we estimate emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in 2022 at high resolution at the global scale, using satellite observations. We provide maps of the emissions and identify several types of sources. Our results are similar to the EDGAR emission inventory. However, differences are found in countries with lower observation densities and lower emissions.
Roubina Papaconstantinou, Spyros Bezantakos, Michael Pikridas, Moreno Parolin, Melina Stylianou, Chrysanthos Savvides, Jean Sciare, and George Biskos
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5349649/v1, https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5349649/v1, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluate the ability of the Vaisala AQT530 monitors, comprising of low-cost sensors, to detect spatial and temporal differences. Collocated with reference instruments over 19 months in Nicosia, results showed that CO and PM sensors captured daily, hourly, and monthly spatial trends. NO2, NO, and O3 sensors were less reliable due to environmental effects. Still, all sensors tracked monthly temporal variations at the same location, with PM2.5 showing the strongest agreement with reference data.
Neha Deot, Vijay P. Kanawade, Alkistis Papetta, Rima Baalbaki, Michael Pikridas, Franco Marenco, Markku Kulmala, Jean Sciare, Katrianne Lehtipalo, and Tuija Jokinen
Aerosol Research, 3, 139–154, https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-139-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-139-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We studied how nanoparticles form in the atmosphere at two different altitudes in Cyprus, focusing on how meteorology impacts this process. Using data from two sites, we found that air from lower regions carries particles up to higher areas, affecting air quality and potentially climate. Our findings help improve understanding of how particles form and grow in the air, which is important for predicting changes in climate and air pollution in the future.
Sebastian Brill, Björn Nillius, Jan-David Förster, Paulo Artaxo, Florian Ditas, Dennis Geis, Christian Gurk, Thomas Kenntner, Thomas Klimach, Mark Lamneck, Rafael Valiati, Bettina Weber, Stefan Wolff, Ulrich Pöschl, and Christopher Pöhlker
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-295, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-295, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Highly resolved vertical profiles are crucial for understanding ecosystem-atmosphere interactions. We developed the robotic lift (RoLi) as a platform for vertical profile measurements at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory in the central Amazon basin. Initial results reveal distinct spatiotemporal patterns in altitude profiles of temperature, humidity, fog, and aerosol properties, offering new insights into the diurnal dynamics of convective daytime mixing and stable nighttime stratification.
Jianqiang Zhu, Guo Li, Uwe Kuhn, Bruno Backes Meller, Christopher Pöhlker, Paulo Artaxo, Ulrich Pöschl, Yafang Cheng, and Hang Su
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3911, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3911, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The manuscript reports unique measurement data on sub-40 nm particles and ions, especially those smaller than 10 nm in the Amazon from December 2022 to January 2023. A large number of sub-3 nm particles and naturally charged ions were present in the Amazonia boundary layer, and they showed a clear diurnal variation. The research will contribute to a better understanding of atmospheric processes in the pristine environment.
Denis Leppla, Stefanie Hildmann, Nora Zannoni, Leslie Kremper, Bruna Hollanda, Jonathan Williams, Christopher Pöhlker, Stefan Wolff, Marta Sà, Maria Cristina Solci, Ulrich Pöschl, and Thorsten Hoffmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-141, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-141, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The chemical composition of organic particles in the Amazon rainforest was investigated to understand how biogenic and human emissions influence the atmosphere in this unique ecosystem. Seasonal patterns were found where wet seasons were dominated by biogenic compounds from natural sources while dry seasons showed increased fire-related pollutants. These findings reveal how emissions, fires and long-range transport affect atmospheric chemistry, with implications for climate models.
Mega Octaviani, Benjamin A. Musa Bandowe, Qing Mu, Jake Wilson, Holger Tost, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng, Manabu Shiraiwa, Ulrich Pöschl, Thomas Berkemeier, and Gerhard Lammel
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-186, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-186, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
This research explores the atmospheric concentration of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a harmful air pollutant linked to lung cancer. Using advanced Earth system modeling, the study examines how BaP's degradation varies with temperature and humidity, affecting its global distribution and associated lung cancer risks. The findings reveal that BaP persists longer in colder, less humid regions, leading to higher lung cancer risks in parts of Europe and Asia.
Florian Wieland, Nadine Bothen, Ralph Schwidetzky, Teresa M. Seifried, Paul Bieber, Ulrich Pöschl, Konrad Meister, Mischa Bonn, Janine Fröhlich-Nowoisky, and Hinrich Grothe
Biogeosciences, 22, 103–115, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-103-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-103-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Betula pendula is a widespread birch tree species containing ice nucleation agents that can trigger the freezing of cloud droplets and thereby alter the evolution of clouds. Our study identifies three distinct ice-nucleating macromolecule (INM) aggregates of varying size that can nucleate ice at temperatures up to –5.4°C. Our findings suggest that these vegetation-derived particles may influence atmospheric processes, weather, and climate more strongly than previously thought.
Luiz A. T. Machado, Jürgen Kesselmeier, Santiago Botía, Hella van Asperen, Meinrat O. Andreae, Alessandro C. de Araújo, Paulo Artaxo, Achim Edtbauer, Rosaria R. Ferreira, Marco A. Franco, Hartwig Harder, Sam P. Jones, Cléo Q. Dias-Júnior, Guido G. Haytzmann, Carlos A. Quesada, Shujiro Komiya, Jost Lavric, Jos Lelieveld, Ingeborg Levin, Anke Nölscher, Eva Pfannerstill, Mira L. Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, Akima Ringsdorf, Luciana Rizzo, Ana M. Yáñez-Serrano, Susan Trumbore, Wanda I. D. Valenti, Jordi Vila-Guerau de Arellano, David Walter, Jonathan Williams, Stefan Wolff, and Christopher Pöhlker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8893–8910, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8893-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8893-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Composite analysis of gas concentration before and after rainfall, during the day and night, gives insight into the complex relationship between trace gas variability and precipitation. The analysis helps us to understand the sources and sinks of trace gases within a forest ecosystem. It elucidates processes that are not discernible under undisturbed conditions and contributes to a deeper understanding of the trace gas life cycle and its intricate interactions with cloud dynamics in the Amazon.
Marco A. Franco, Rafael Valiati, Bruna A. Holanda, Bruno B. Meller, Leslie A. Kremper, Luciana V. Rizzo, Samara Carbone, Fernando G. Morais, Janaína P. Nascimento, Meinrat O. Andreae, Micael A. Cecchini, Luiz A. T. Machado, Milena Ponczek, Ulrich Pöschl, David Walter, Christopher Pöhlker, and Paulo Artaxo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8751–8770, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8751-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8751-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Amazon wet-season atmosphere was studied at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory site, revealing vertical variations (between 60 and 325 m) in natural aerosols. Daytime mixing contrasted with nighttime stratification, with distinct rain-induced changes in aerosol populations. Notably, optical property recovery at higher levels was faster, while near-canopy aerosols showed higher scattering efficiency. These findings enhance our understanding of aerosol impacts on climate dynamics.
Gabriela R. Unfer, Luiz A. T. Machado, Paulo Artaxo, Marco A. Franco, Leslie A. Kremper, Mira L. Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, and Christopher Pöhlker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3869–3882, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3869-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3869-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Amazonian aerosols and their interactions with precipitation were studied by understanding them in a 3D space based on three parameters that characterize the concentration and size distribution of aerosols. The results showed characteristic arrangements regarding seasonal and diurnal cycles, as well as when interacting with precipitation. The use of this 3D space appears to be a promising tool for aerosol population analysis and for model validation and parameterization.
Alkistis Papetta, Franco Marenco, Maria Kezoudi, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Argyro Nisantzi, Holger Baars, Ioana Elisabeta Popovici, Philippe Goloub, Stéphane Victori, and Jean Sciare
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1721–1738, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1721-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1721-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a method to determine depolarization parameters using observations from a reference instrument at a nearby location, needed for systems where a priori knowledge of cross-talk parameters is not available. It uses three-parameter equations to compare VDR between two co-located lidars at dust and molecular layers. It can be applied retrospectively to existing data acquired during campaigns. Its application to Cimel CE376 corrected VDR bias at high- and low-depolarizing layers.
Daniel A. Knopf, Markus Ammann, Thomas Berkemeier, Ulrich Pöschl, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3445–3528, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3445-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3445-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The initial step of interfacial and multiphase chemical processes involves adsorption and desorption of gas species. This study demonstrates the role of desorption energy governing the residence time of the gas species at the environmental interface. A parameterization is formulated that enables the prediction of desorption energy based on the molecular weight, polarizability, and oxygen-to-carbon ratio of the desorbing chemical species. Its application to gas–particle interactions is discussed.
Yunsong Liu, Jean-Daniel Paris, Gregoire Broquet, Violeta Bescós Roy, Tania Meixus Fernandez, Rasmus Andersen, Andrés Russu Berlanga, Emil Christensen, Yann Courtois, Sebastian Dominok, Corentin Dussenne, Travis Eckert, Andrew Finlayson, Aurora Fernández de la Fuente, Catlin Gunn, Ram Hashmonay, Juliano Grigoleto Hayashi, Jonathan Helmore, Soeren Honsel, Fabrizio Innocenti, Matti Irjala, Torgrim Log, Cristina Lopez, Francisco Cortés Martínez, Jonathan Martinez, Adrien Massardier, Helle Gottschalk Nygaard, Paula Agregan Reboredo, Elodie Rousset, Axel Scherello, Matthias Ulbricht, Damien Weidmann, Oliver Williams, Nigel Yarrow, Murès Zarea, Robert Ziegler, Jean Sciare, Mihalis Vrekoussis, and Philippe Bousquet
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1633–1649, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1633-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1633-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the performance of 10 methane emission quantification techniques in a blind controlled-release experiment at an inerted natural gas compressor station. We reported their respective strengths, weaknesses, and potential complementarity depending on the emission rates and atmospheric conditions. Additionally, we assess the dependence of emission quantification performance on key parameters such as wind speed, deployment constraints, and measurement duration.
Nansi Fakhri, Robin Stevens, Arnold Downey, Konstantina Oikonomou, Jean Sciare, Charbel Afif, and Patrick L. Hayes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1193–1212, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1193-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1193-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the chemical composition of atmospheric fine particles, their emission sources, and the potential human health risk associated with trace elements in particles for an urban site in Montréal over a 3-month period (August–November). This study represents the first time that such extensive composition measurements were included in an urban source apportionment study in Canada, and it provides greater resolution of fine-particle sources than has been previously achieved in Canada.
Rolf Müller, Ulrich Pöschl, Thomas Koop, Thomas Peter, and Ken Carslaw
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15445–15453, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15445-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15445-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Paul J. Crutzen was a pioneer in atmospheric sciences and a kind-hearted, humorous person with empathy for the private lives of his colleagues and students. He made fundamental scientific contributions to a wide range of scientific topics in all parts of the atmosphere. Paul was among the founders of the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. His work will continue to be a guide for generations of scientists and environmental policymakers to come.
Jean-Philippe Putaud, Enrico Pisoni, Alexander Mangold, Christoph Hueglin, Jean Sciare, Michael Pikridas, Chrysanthos Savvides, Jakub Ondracek, Saliou Mbengue, Alfred Wiedensohler, Kay Weinhold, Maik Merkel, Laurent Poulain, Dominik van Pinxteren, Hartmut Herrmann, Andreas Massling, Claus Nordstroem, Andrés Alastuey, Cristina Reche, Noemí Pérez, Sonia Castillo, Mar Sorribas, Jose Antonio Adame, Tuukka Petaja, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Jarkko Niemi, Véronique Riffault, Joel F. de Brito, Augustin Colette, Olivier Favez, Jean-Eudes Petit, Valérie Gros, Maria I. Gini, Stergios Vratolis, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Evangelia Diapouli, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Karl Espen Yttri, and Wenche Aas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10145–10161, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10145-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10145-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Many European people are still exposed to levels of air pollution that can affect their health. COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 were used to assess the impact of the reduction in human mobility on air pollution across Europe by comparing measurement data with values that would be expected if no lockdown had occurred. We show that lockdown measures did not lead to consistent decreases in the concentrations of fine particulate matter suspended in the air, and we investigate why.
Eliane Gomes Alves, Raoni Aquino Santana, Cléo Quaresma Dias-Júnior, Santiago Botía, Tyeen Taylor, Ana Maria Yáñez-Serrano, Jürgen Kesselmeier, Efstratios Bourtsoukidis, Jonathan Williams, Pedro Ivo Lembo Silveira de Assis, Giordane Martins, Rodrigo de Souza, Sérgio Duvoisin Júnior, Alex Guenther, Dasa Gu, Anywhere Tsokankunku, Matthias Sörgel, Bruce Nelson, Davieliton Pinto, Shujiro Komiya, Diogo Martins Rosa, Bettina Weber, Cybelli Barbosa, Michelle Robin, Kenneth J. Feeley, Alvaro Duque, Viviana Londoño Lemos, Maria Paula Contreras, Alvaro Idarraga, Norberto López, Chad Husby, Brett Jestrow, and Iván Mauricio Cely Toro
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8149–8168, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8149-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8149-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Isoprene is emitted mainly by plants and can influence atmospheric chemistry and air quality. But, there are uncertainties in model emission estimates and follow-up atmospheric processes. In our study, with long-term observational datasets of isoprene and biological and environmental factors from central Amazonia, we show that isoprene emission estimates could be improved when biological processes were mechanistically incorporated into the model.
Rosemary J. Eufemio, Ingrid de Almeida Ribeiro, Todd L. Sformo, Gary A. Laursen, Valeria Molinero, Janine Fröhlich-Nowoisky, Mischa Bonn, and Konrad Meister
Biogeosciences, 20, 2805–2812, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2805-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2805-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Lichens, the dominant vegetation in the Arctic, contain ice nucleators (INs) that enable freezing close to 0°C. Yet the abundance, diversity, and function of lichen INs is unknown. Our screening of lichens across Alaska reveal that most species have potent INs. We find that lichens contain two IN populations which retain activity under environmentally relevant conditions. The ubiquity and stability of lichen INs suggest that they may have considerable impacts on local atmospheric patterns.
Yunyao Ma, Bettina Weber, Alexandra Kratz, José Raggio, Claudia Colesie, Maik Veste, Maaike Y. Bader, and Philipp Porada
Biogeosciences, 20, 2553–2572, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2553-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2553-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We found that the modelled annual carbon balance of biocrusts is strongly affected by both the environment (mostly air temperature and CO2 concentration) and physiology, such as temperature response of respiration. However, the relative impacts of these drivers vary across regions with different climates. Uncertainty in driving factors may lead to unrealistic carbon balance estimates, particularly in temperate climates, and may be explained by seasonal variation of physiology due to acclimation.
Aliki Christodoulou, Iasonas Stavroulas, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Maximillien Desservettaz, Michael Pikridas, Elie Bimenyimana, Jonilda Kushta, Matic Ivančič, Martin Rigler, Philippe Goloub, Konstantina Oikonomou, Roland Sarda-Estève, Chrysanthos Savvides, Charbel Afif, Nikos Mihalopoulos, Stéphane Sauvage, and Jean Sciare
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6431–6456, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6431-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6431-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Our study presents, for the first time, a detailed source identification of aerosols at an urban background site in Cyprus (eastern Mediterranean), a region strongly impacted by climate change and air pollution. Here, we identify an unexpected high contribution of long-range transported pollution from fossil fuel sources in the Middle East, highlighting an urgent need to further characterize these fast-growing emissions and their impacts on regional atmospheric composition, climate, and health.
Najin Kim, Hang Su, Nan Ma, Ulrich Pöschl, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2771–2780, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2771-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2771-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a multiple-charging correction algorithm for a broad-supersaturation scanning cloud condensation nuclei (BS2-CCN) system which can obtain high time-resolution aerosol hygroscopicity and CCN activity. The correction algorithm aims at deriving the activation fraction's true value for each particle size. The meaningful differences between corrected and original κ values (single hygroscopicity parameter) emphasize the correction algorithm's importance for ambient aerosol measurement.
Ting Lei, Hang Su, Nan Ma, Ulrich Pöschl, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4763–4774, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4763-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4763-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the hygroscopic behavior of levoglucosan and D-glucose nanoparticles using a nano-HTDMA. There is a weak size dependence of the hygroscopic growth factor of levoglucosan and D-glucose with diameters down to 20 nm, while a strong size dependence of the hygroscopic growth factor of D-glucose has been clearly observed in the size range 6 to 20 nm. The use of the DKA method leads to good agreement with the hygroscopic growth factor of glucose nanoparticles with diameters down to 6 nm.
Thomas Berkemeier, Matteo Krüger, Aryeh Feinberg, Marcel Müller, Ulrich Pöschl, and Ulrich K. Krieger
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 2037–2054, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2037-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2037-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Kinetic multi-layer models (KMs) successfully describe heterogeneous and multiphase atmospheric chemistry. In applications requiring repeated execution, however, these models can be too expensive. We trained machine learning surrogate models on output of the model KM-SUB and achieved high correlations. The surrogate models run orders of magnitude faster, which suggests potential applicability in global optimization tasks and as sub-modules in large-scale atmospheric models.
Pantelis Kiriakidis, Antonis Gkikas, Georgios Papangelis, Theodoros Christoudias, Jonilda Kushta, Emmanouil Proestakis, Anna Kampouri, Eleni Marinou, Eleni Drakaki, Angela Benedetti, Michael Rennie, Christian Retscher, Anne Grete Straume, Alexandru Dandocsi, Jean Sciare, and Vasilis Amiridis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4391–4417, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4391-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4391-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
With the launch of the Aeolus satellite, higher-accuracy wind products became available. This research was carried out to validate the assimilated wind products by testing their effect on the WRF-Chem model predictive ability of dust processes. This was carried out for the eastern Mediterranean and Middle East region for two 2-month periods in autumn and spring 2020. The use of the assimilated products improved the dust forecasts of the autumn season (both quantitatively and qualitatively).
Haley M. Royer, Mira L. Pöhlker, Ovid Krüger, Edmund Blades, Peter Sealy, Nurun Nahar Lata, Zezhen Cheng, Swarup China, Andrew P. Ault, Patricia K. Quinn, Paquita Zuidema, Christopher Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, Meinrat Andreae, and Cassandra J. Gaston
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 981–998, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-981-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-981-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents atmospheric particle chemical composition and measurements of aerosol water uptake properties collected at Ragged Point, Barbados, during the winter of 2020. The result of this study indicates the importance of small African smoke particles for cloud droplet formation in the tropical North Atlantic and highlights the large spatial and temporal pervasiveness of smoke over the Atlantic Ocean.
Yunfan Liu, Hang Su, Siwen Wang, Chao Wei, Wei Tao, Mira L. Pöhlker, Christopher Pöhlker, Bruna A. Holanda, Ovid O. Krüger, Thorsten Hoffmann, Manfred Wendisch, Paulo Artaxo, Ulrich Pöschl, Meinrat O. Andreae, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 251–272, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-251-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-251-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The origins of the abundant cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the upper troposphere (UT) of the Amazon remain unclear. With model developments of new secondary organic aerosol schemes and constrained by observation, we show that strong aerosol nucleation and condensation in the UT is triggered by biogenic organics, and organic condensation is key for UT CCN production. This UT CCN-producing mechanism may prevail over broader vegetation canopies and deserves emphasis in aerosol–climate feedback.
Guo Li, Hang Su, Meng Li, Uwe Kuhn, Guangjie Zheng, Lei Han, Fengxia Bao, Ulrich Pöschl, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 6433–6446, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-6433-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-6433-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A large fraction of previous work using dynamic flow chambers was to quantify gas exchange in terms of flux or deposition/emission rate. Here, we extended the usage of this technique to examine uptake kinetics on sample surfaces. The good performance of the chamber system was validated. This technique can be further used for liquid samples and real atmospheric aerosol samples without complicated coating procedures, which complements the existing techniques in atmospheric kinetic studies.
Charlotte M. Beall, Thomas C. J. Hill, Paul J. DeMott, Tobias Köneman, Michael Pikridas, Frank Drewnick, Hartwig Harder, Christopher Pöhlker, Jos Lelieveld, Bettina Weber, Minas Iakovides, Roman Prokeš, Jean Sciare, Meinrat O. Andreae, M. Dale Stokes, and Kimberly A. Prather
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 12607–12627, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12607-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12607-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) are rare aerosols that can trigger ice formation in clouds and affect climate-relevant cloud properties such as phase, reflectivity and lifetime. Dust is the dominant INP source, yet few measurements have been reported near major dust sources. We report INP observations within hundreds of kilometers of the biggest dust source regions globally: the Sahara and the Arabian Peninsula. Results show that at temperatures > −15 °C, INPs are dominated by organics.
Marta Via, Gang Chen, Francesco Canonaco, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Benjamin Chazeau, Hasna Chebaicheb, Jianhui Jiang, Hannes Keernik, Chunshui Lin, Nicolas Marchand, Cristina Marin, Colin O'Dowd, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Jean-Eudes Petit, Michael Pikridas, Véronique Riffault, Jean Sciare, Jay G. Slowik, Leïla Simon, Jeni Vasilescu, Yunjiang Zhang, Olivier Favez, André S. H. Prévôt, Andrés Alastuey, and María Cruz Minguillón
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 5479–5495, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5479-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5479-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work presents the differences resulting from two techniques (rolling and seasonal) of the positive matrix factorisation model that can be run for organic aerosol source apportionment. The current state of the art suggests that the rolling technique is more accurate, but no proof of its effectiveness has been provided yet. This paper tackles this issue in the context of a synthetic dataset and a multi-site real-world comparison.
Anthony Rey-Pommier, Frédéric Chevallier, Philippe Ciais, Grégoire Broquet, Theodoros Christoudias, Jonilda Kushta, Didier Hauglustaine, and Jean Sciare
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11505–11527, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11505-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11505-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Emission inventories for air pollutants can be uncertain in developing countries. In order to overcome these uncertainties, we model nitrogen oxide emissions in Egypt using satellite retrievals. We detect a weekly cycle reflecting Egyptian social norms, an annual cycle consistent with electricity consumption and an activity drop due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, discrepancies with inventories remain high, illustrating the needs for additional data to improve the potential of our method.
Simon F. Reifenberg, Anna Martin, Matthias Kohl, Sara Bacer, Zaneta Hamryszczak, Ivan Tadic, Lenard Röder, Daniel J. Crowley, Horst Fischer, Katharina Kaiser, Johannes Schneider, Raphael Dörich, John N. Crowley, Laura Tomsche, Andreas Marsing, Christiane Voigt, Andreas Zahn, Christopher Pöhlker, Bruna A. Holanda, Ovid Krüger, Ulrich Pöschl, Mira Pöhlker, Patrick Jöckel, Marcel Dorf, Ulrich Schumann, Jonathan Williams, Birger Bohn, Joachim Curtius, Hardwig Harder, Hans Schlager, Jos Lelieveld, and Andrea Pozzer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10901–10917, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10901-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10901-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this work we use a combination of observational data from an aircraft campaign and model results to investigate the effect of the European lockdown due to COVID-19 in spring 2020. Using model results, we show that the largest relative changes to the atmospheric composition caused by the reduced emissions are located in the upper troposphere around aircraft cruise altitude, while the largest absolute changes are present at the surface.
Yunsong Liu, Jean-Daniel Paris, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Panayiota Antoniou, Christos Constantinides, Maximilien Desservettaz, Christos Keleshis, Olivier Laurent, Andreas Leonidou, Carole Philippon, Panagiotis Vouterakos, Pierre-Yves Quéhé, Philippe Bousquet, and Jean Sciare
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 4431–4442, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4431-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4431-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper details laboratory-based and field developments of a cost-effective and compacted UAV CO2 sensor system to address the challenge of measuring CO2 with sufficient precision and acquisition frequency. We assess its performance extensively through laboratory and field tests and provide a case study in an urban area (Nicosia, Cyprus). We therefore expect that this portable system will be widely used for measuring CO2 emission and distribution in natural or urban environments.
Alexander D. Harrison, Daniel O'Sullivan, Michael P. Adams, Grace C. E. Porter, Edmund Blades, Cherise Brathwaite, Rebecca Chewitt-Lucas, Cassandra Gaston, Rachel Hawker, Ovid O. Krüger, Leslie Neve, Mira L. Pöhlker, Christopher Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, Alberto Sanchez-Marroquin, Andrea Sealy, Peter Sealy, Mark D. Tarn, Shanice Whitehall, James B. McQuaid, Kenneth S. Carslaw, Joseph M. Prospero, and Benjamin J. Murray
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9663–9680, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9663-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9663-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The formation of ice in clouds fundamentally alters cloud properties; hence it is important we understand the special aerosol particles that can nucleate ice when immersed in supercooled cloud droplets. In this paper we show that African desert dust that has travelled across the Atlantic to the Caribbean nucleates ice much less well than we might have expected.
Marco Wietzoreck, Marios Kyprianou, Benjamin A. Musa Bandowe, Siddika Celik, John N. Crowley, Frank Drewnick, Philipp Eger, Nils Friedrich, Minas Iakovides, Petr Kukučka, Jan Kuta, Barbora Nežiková, Petra Pokorná, Petra Přibylová, Roman Prokeš, Roland Rohloff, Ivan Tadic, Sebastian Tauer, Jake Wilson, Hartwig Harder, Jos Lelieveld, Ulrich Pöschl, Euripides G. Stephanou, and Gerhard Lammel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 8739–8766, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8739-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8739-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A unique dataset of concentrations and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated, oxygenated and nitrated derivatives, in total 74 individual species, in the marine atmosphere is presented. Exposure to these substances poses a major health risk. We found very low concentrations over the Arabian Sea, while both local and long-range-transported pollution caused elevated levels over the Mediterranean Sea and the Arabian Gulf.
Ovid O. Krüger, Bruna A. Holanda, Sourangsu Chowdhury, Andrea Pozzer, David Walter, Christopher Pöhlker, Maria Dolores Andrés Hernández, John P. Burrows, Christiane Voigt, Jos Lelieveld, Johannes Quaas, Ulrich Pöschl, and Mira L. Pöhlker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 8683–8699, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8683-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8683-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The abrupt reduction in human activities during the first COVID-19 lockdown created unprecedented atmospheric conditions. We took the opportunity to quantify changes in black carbon (BC) as a major anthropogenic air pollutant. Therefore, we measured BC on board a research aircraft over Europe during the lockdown and compared the results to measurements from 2017. With model simulations we account for different weather conditions and find a lockdown-related decrease in BC of 41 %.
Karine Sartelet, Youngseob Kim, Florian Couvidat, Maik Merkel, Tuukka Petäjä, Jean Sciare, and Alfred Wiedensohler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 8579–8596, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8579-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8579-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A methodology is defined to estimate number emissions from an inventory providing mass emissions. Number concentrations are simulated over Greater Paris using different nucleation parameterisations (binary, ternary involving sulfuric acid and ammonia, and heteromolecular involving sulfuric acid and extremely low-volatility organics, ELVOCs). The comparisons show that ternary nucleation may not be a dominant process for new particle formation in cities, but they stress the role of ELVOCs.
George K. Georgiou, Theodoros Christoudias, Yiannis Proestos, Jonilda Kushta, Michael Pikridas, Jean Sciare, Chrysanthos Savvides, and Jos Lelieveld
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 4129–4146, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4129-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4129-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluate the skill of the WRF-Chem model to perform high-resolution air quality forecasts (including ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and fine particulate matter) over the Eastern Mediterranean, during winter and summer. We compare the forecast output to observational data from background and urban locations and the forecast output from CAMS. WRF-Chem was found to forecast the concentrations and diurnal profiles of gas-phase pollutants in urban areas with higher accuracy.
M. Dolores Andrés Hernández, Andreas Hilboll, Helmut Ziereis, Eric Förster, Ovid O. Krüger, Katharina Kaiser, Johannes Schneider, Francesca Barnaba, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Jörg Schmidt, Heidi Huntrieser, Anne-Marlene Blechschmidt, Midhun George, Vladyslav Nenakhov, Theresa Harlass, Bruna A. Holanda, Jennifer Wolf, Lisa Eirenschmalz, Marc Krebsbach, Mira L. Pöhlker, Anna B. Kalisz Hedegaard, Linlu Mei, Klaus Pfeilsticker, Yangzhuoran Liu, Ralf Koppmann, Hans Schlager, Birger Bohn, Ulrich Schumann, Andreas Richter, Benjamin Schreiner, Daniel Sauer, Robert Baumann, Mariano Mertens, Patrick Jöckel, Markus Kilian, Greta Stratmann, Christopher Pöhlker, Monica Campanelli, Marco Pandolfi, Michael Sicard, José L. Gómez-Amo, Manuel Pujadas, Katja Bigge, Flora Kluge, Anja Schwarz, Nikos Daskalakis, David Walter, Andreas Zahn, Ulrich Pöschl, Harald Bönisch, Stephan Borrmann, Ulrich Platt, and John P. Burrows
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5877–5924, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5877-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5877-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
EMeRGe provides a unique set of in situ and remote sensing airborne measurements of trace gases and aerosol particles along selected flight routes in the lower troposphere over Europe. The interpretation uses also complementary collocated ground-based and satellite measurements. The collected data help to improve the current understanding of the complex spatial distribution of trace gases and aerosol particles resulting from mixing, transport, and transformation of pollution plumes over Europe.
Marco A. Franco, Florian Ditas, Leslie A. Kremper, Luiz A. T. Machado, Meinrat O. Andreae, Alessandro Araújo, Henrique M. J. Barbosa, Joel F. de Brito, Samara Carbone, Bruna A. Holanda, Fernando G. Morais, Janaína P. Nascimento, Mira L. Pöhlker, Luciana V. Rizzo, Marta Sá, Jorge Saturno, David Walter, Stefan Wolff, Ulrich Pöschl, Paulo Artaxo, and Christopher Pöhlker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 3469–3492, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3469-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3469-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In Central Amazonia, new particle formation in the planetary boundary layer is rare. Instead, there is the appearance of sub-50 nm aerosols with diameters larger than about 20 nm that eventually grow to cloud condensation nuclei size range. Here, 254 growth events were characterized which have higher predominance in the wet season. About 70 % of them showed direct relation to convective downdrafts, while 30 % occurred partly under clear-sky conditions, evidencing still unknown particle sources.
Luiz A. T. Machado, Marco A. Franco, Leslie A. Kremper, Florian Ditas, Meinrat O. Andreae, Paulo Artaxo, Micael A. Cecchini, Bruna A. Holanda, Mira L. Pöhlker, Ivan Saraiva, Stefan Wolff, Ulrich Pöschl, and Christopher Pöhlker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 18065–18086, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18065-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18065-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Several studies evaluate aerosol–cloud interactions, but only a few attempted to describe how clouds modify aerosol properties. This study evaluates the effect of weather events on the particle size distribution at the ATTO, combining remote sensing and in situ data. Ultrafine, Aitken and accumulation particles modes have different behaviors for the diurnal cycle and for rainfall events. This study opens up new scientific questions that need to be pursued in detail in new field campaigns.
Ramon Campos Braga, Barbara Ervens, Daniel Rosenfeld, Meinrat O. Andreae, Jan-David Förster, Daniel Fütterer, Lianet Hernández Pardo, Bruna A. Holanda, Tina Jurkat-Witschas, Ovid O. Krüger, Oliver Lauer, Luiz A. T. Machado, Christopher Pöhlker, Daniel Sauer, Christiane Voigt, Adrian Walser, Manfred Wendisch, Ulrich Pöschl, and Mira L. Pöhlker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17513–17528, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17513-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17513-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Interactions of aerosol particles with clouds represent a large uncertainty in estimates of climate change. Properties of aerosol particles control their ability to act as cloud condensation nuclei. Using aerosol measurements in the Amazon, we performed model studies to compare predicted and measured cloud droplet number concentrations at cloud bases. Our results confirm previous estimates of particle hygroscopicity in this region.
Jean-Eudes Petit, Jean-Charles Dupont, Olivier Favez, Valérie Gros, Yunjiang Zhang, Jean Sciare, Leila Simon, François Truong, Nicolas Bonnaire, Tanguy Amodeo, Robert Vautard, and Martial Haeffelin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17167–17183, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17167-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17167-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The COVID-19 outbreak led to lockdowns at national scales in spring 2020. Large cuts in emissions occurred, but the quantitative assessment of their role from observations is hindered by weather and interannual variability. That is why we developed an innovative methodology in order to best characterize the impact of lockdown on atmospheric chemistry. We find that a local decrease in traffic-related pollutants triggered a decrease of secondary aerosols and an increase in ozone.
Najin Kim, Yafang Cheng, Nan Ma, Mira L. Pöhlker, Thomas Klimach, Thomas F. Mentel, Ovid O. Krüger, Ulrich Pöschl, and Hang Su
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 6991–7005, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6991-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6991-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A broad supersaturation scanning CCN (BS2-CCN) system, in which particles are exposed to a range of supersaturation simultaneously, can measure a broad range of CCN activity distribution with a high time resolution. We describe how the BS2-CCN system can be effectively calibrated and which factors can affect the calibration curve. Intercomparison experiments between typical DMA-CCN and BS2-CCN measurements to evaluate the BS2-CCN system showed high correlation and good agreement.
Ramon Campos Braga, Daniel Rosenfeld, Ovid O. Krüger, Barbara Ervens, Bruna A. Holanda, Manfred Wendisch, Trismono Krisna, Ulrich Pöschl, Meinrat O. Andreae, Christiane Voigt, and Mira L. Pöhlker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14079–14088, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14079-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14079-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Quantifying the precipitation within clouds is crucial for our understanding of the Earth's hydrological cycle. Using in situ measurements of cloud and rain properties over the Amazon Basin and Atlantic Ocean, we show here a linear relationship between the effective radius (re) and precipitation water content near the tops of convective clouds for different pollution states and temperature levels. Our results emphasize the role of re to determine both initiation and amount of precipitation.
Maria Prass, Meinrat O. Andreae, Alessandro C. de Araùjo, Paulo Artaxo, Florian Ditas, Wolfgang Elbert, Jan-David Förster, Marco Aurélio Franco, Isabella Hrabe de Angelis, Jürgen Kesselmeier, Thomas Klimach, Leslie Ann Kremper, Eckhard Thines, David Walter, Jens Weber, Bettina Weber, Bernhard M. Fuchs, Ulrich Pöschl, and Christopher Pöhlker
Biogeosciences, 18, 4873–4887, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4873-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4873-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Bioaerosols in the atmosphere over the Amazon rain forest were analyzed by molecular biological staining and microscopy. Eukaryotic, bacterial, and archaeal aerosols were quantified in time series and altitude profiles which exhibited clear differences in number concentrations and vertical distributions. Our results provide insights into the sources and dispersion of different Amazonian bioaerosol types as a basis for a better understanding of biosphere–atmosphere interactions.
Bjorn Stevens, Sandrine Bony, David Farrell, Felix Ament, Alan Blyth, Christopher Fairall, Johannes Karstensen, Patricia K. Quinn, Sabrina Speich, Claudia Acquistapace, Franziska Aemisegger, Anna Lea Albright, Hugo Bellenger, Eberhard Bodenschatz, Kathy-Ann Caesar, Rebecca Chewitt-Lucas, Gijs de Boer, Julien Delanoë, Leif Denby, Florian Ewald, Benjamin Fildier, Marvin Forde, Geet George, Silke Gross, Martin Hagen, Andrea Hausold, Karen J. Heywood, Lutz Hirsch, Marek Jacob, Friedhelm Jansen, Stefan Kinne, Daniel Klocke, Tobias Kölling, Heike Konow, Marie Lothon, Wiebke Mohr, Ann Kristin Naumann, Louise Nuijens, Léa Olivier, Robert Pincus, Mira Pöhlker, Gilles Reverdin, Gregory Roberts, Sabrina Schnitt, Hauke Schulz, A. Pier Siebesma, Claudia Christine Stephan, Peter Sullivan, Ludovic Touzé-Peiffer, Jessica Vial, Raphaela Vogel, Paquita Zuidema, Nicola Alexander, Lyndon Alves, Sophian Arixi, Hamish Asmath, Gholamhossein Bagheri, Katharina Baier, Adriana Bailey, Dariusz Baranowski, Alexandre Baron, Sébastien Barrau, Paul A. Barrett, Frédéric Batier, Andreas Behrendt, Arne Bendinger, Florent Beucher, Sebastien Bigorre, Edmund Blades, Peter Blossey, Olivier Bock, Steven Böing, Pierre Bosser, Denis Bourras, Pascale Bouruet-Aubertot, Keith Bower, Pierre Branellec, Hubert Branger, Michal Brennek, Alan Brewer, Pierre-Etienne Brilouet, Björn Brügmann, Stefan A. Buehler, Elmo Burke, Ralph Burton, Radiance Calmer, Jean-Christophe Canonici, Xavier Carton, Gregory Cato Jr., Jude Andre Charles, Patrick Chazette, Yanxu Chen, Michal T. Chilinski, Thomas Choularton, Patrick Chuang, Shamal Clarke, Hugh Coe, Céline Cornet, Pierre Coutris, Fleur Couvreux, Susanne Crewell, Timothy Cronin, Zhiqiang Cui, Yannis Cuypers, Alton Daley, Gillian M. Damerell, Thibaut Dauhut, Hartwig Deneke, Jean-Philippe Desbios, Steffen Dörner, Sebastian Donner, Vincent Douet, Kyla Drushka, Marina Dütsch, André Ehrlich, Kerry Emanuel, Alexandros Emmanouilidis, Jean-Claude Etienne, Sheryl Etienne-Leblanc, Ghislain Faure, Graham Feingold, Luca Ferrero, Andreas Fix, Cyrille Flamant, Piotr Jacek Flatau, Gregory R. Foltz, Linda Forster, Iulian Furtuna, Alan Gadian, Joseph Galewsky, Martin Gallagher, Peter Gallimore, Cassandra Gaston, Chelle Gentemann, Nicolas Geyskens, Andreas Giez, John Gollop, Isabelle Gouirand, Christophe Gourbeyre, Dörte de Graaf, Geiske E. de Groot, Robert Grosz, Johannes Güttler, Manuel Gutleben, Kashawn Hall, George Harris, Kevin C. Helfer, Dean Henze, Calvert Herbert, Bruna Holanda, Antonio Ibanez-Landeta, Janet Intrieri, Suneil Iyer, Fabrice Julien, Heike Kalesse, Jan Kazil, Alexander Kellman, Abiel T. Kidane, Ulrike Kirchner, Marcus Klingebiel, Mareike Körner, Leslie Ann Kremper, Jan Kretzschmar, Ovid Krüger, Wojciech Kumala, Armin Kurz, Pierre L'Hégaret, Matthieu Labaste, Tom Lachlan-Cope, Arlene Laing, Peter Landschützer, Theresa Lang, Diego Lange, Ingo Lange, Clément Laplace, Gauke Lavik, Rémi Laxenaire, Caroline Le Bihan, Mason Leandro, Nathalie Lefevre, Marius Lena, Donald Lenschow, Qiang Li, Gary Lloyd, Sebastian Los, Niccolò Losi, Oscar Lovell, Christopher Luneau, Przemyslaw Makuch, Szymon Malinowski, Gaston Manta, Eleni Marinou, Nicholas Marsden, Sebastien Masson, Nicolas Maury, Bernhard Mayer, Margarette Mayers-Als, Christophe Mazel, Wayne McGeary, James C. McWilliams, Mario Mech, Melina Mehlmann, Agostino Niyonkuru Meroni, Theresa Mieslinger, Andreas Minikin, Peter Minnett, Gregor Möller, Yanmichel Morfa Avalos, Caroline Muller, Ionela Musat, Anna Napoli, Almuth Neuberger, Christophe Noisel, David Noone, Freja Nordsiek, Jakub L. Nowak, Lothar Oswald, Douglas J. Parker, Carolyn Peck, Renaud Person, Miriam Philippi, Albert Plueddemann, Christopher Pöhlker, Veronika Pörtge, Ulrich Pöschl, Lawrence Pologne, Michał Posyniak, Marc Prange, Estefanía Quiñones Meléndez, Jule Radtke, Karim Ramage, Jens Reimann, Lionel Renault, Klaus Reus, Ashford Reyes, Joachim Ribbe, Maximilian Ringel, Markus Ritschel, Cesar B. Rocha, Nicolas Rochetin, Johannes Röttenbacher, Callum Rollo, Haley Royer, Pauline Sadoulet, Leo Saffin, Sanola Sandiford, Irina Sandu, Michael Schäfer, Vera Schemann, Imke Schirmacher, Oliver Schlenczek, Jerome Schmidt, Marcel Schröder, Alfons Schwarzenboeck, Andrea Sealy, Christoph J. Senff, Ilya Serikov, Samkeyat Shohan, Elizabeth Siddle, Alexander Smirnov, Florian Späth, Branden Spooner, M. Katharina Stolla, Wojciech Szkółka, Simon P. de Szoeke, Stéphane Tarot, Eleni Tetoni, Elizabeth Thompson, Jim Thomson, Lorenzo Tomassini, Julien Totems, Alma Anna Ubele, Leonie Villiger, Jan von Arx, Thomas Wagner, Andi Walther, Ben Webber, Manfred Wendisch, Shanice Whitehall, Anton Wiltshire, Allison A. Wing, Martin Wirth, Jonathan Wiskandt, Kevin Wolf, Ludwig Worbes, Ethan Wright, Volker Wulfmeyer, Shanea Young, Chidong Zhang, Dongxiao Zhang, Florian Ziemen, Tobias Zinner, and Martin Zöger
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 4067–4119, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4067-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4067-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The EUREC4A field campaign, designed to test hypothesized mechanisms by which clouds respond to warming and benchmark next-generation Earth-system models, is presented. EUREC4A comprised roughly 5 weeks of measurements in the downstream winter trades of the North Atlantic – eastward and southeastward of Barbados. It was the first campaign that attempted to characterize the full range of processes and scales influencing trade wind clouds.
Mira L. Pöhlker, Minghui Zhang, Ramon Campos Braga, Ovid O. Krüger, Ulrich Pöschl, and Barbara Ervens
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11723–11740, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11723-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11723-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Clouds cool our atmosphere. The role of small aerosol particles in affecting them represents one of the largest uncertainties in current estimates of climate change. Traditionally it is assumed that cloud droplets only form particles of diameters ~ 100 nm (
accumulation mode). Previous studies suggest that this can also occur in smaller particles (
Aitken mode). Our study provides a general framework to estimate under which aerosol and cloud conditions Aitken mode particles affect clouds.
Haijie Tong, Fobang Liu, Alexander Filippi, Jake Wilson, Andrea M. Arangio, Yun Zhang, Siyao Yue, Steven Lelieveld, Fangxia Shen, Helmi-Marja K. Keskinen, Jing Li, Haoxuan Chen, Ting Zhang, Thorsten Hoffmann, Pingqing Fu, William H. Brune, Tuukka Petäjä, Markku Kulmala, Maosheng Yao, Thomas Berkemeier, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Ulrich Pöschl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10439–10455, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10439-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10439-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We measured radical yields of aqueous PM2.5 extracts and found lower yields at higher concentrations of PM2.5. Abundances of water-soluble transition metals and aromatics in PM2.5 were positively correlated with the relative fraction of •OH but negatively correlated with the relative fraction of C-centered radicals among detected radicals. Composition-dependent reactive species yields may explain differences in the reactivity and health effects of PM2.5 in clean versus polluted air.
Rima Baalbaki, Michael Pikridas, Tuija Jokinen, Tiia Laurila, Lubna Dada, Spyros Bezantakos, Lauri Ahonen, Kimmo Neitola, Anne Maisser, Elie Bimenyimana, Aliki Christodoulou, Florin Unga, Chrysanthos Savvides, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Juha Kangasluoma, George Biskos, Tuukka Petäjä, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Jean Sciare, and Markku Kulmala
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9223–9251, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9223-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9223-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates new particle formation (NPF) in the less represented region of the Mediterranean basin using 1-year measurements of aerosol particles down to ~ 1 nm in diameter. We report a high frequency of NPF and give examples of interesting NPF features. We quantify the strength of NPF events by calculating formation rates and growth rates. We further unveil the atmospheric conditions and variables considered important for the intra-monthly and inter-monthly occurrence of NPF.
Vincent Michoud, Elise Hallemans, Laura Chiappini, Eva Leoz-Garziandia, Aurélie Colomb, Sébastien Dusanter, Isabelle Fronval, François Gheusi, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Thierry Léonardis, Nadine Locoge, Nicolas Marchand, Stéphane Sauvage, Jean Sciare, and Jean-François Doussin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8067–8088, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8067-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8067-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A multiphasic molecular characterization of oxygenated compounds has been carried out during the ChArMEx field campaign using offline analysis. It leads to the identification of 97 different compounds in the gas and aerosol phases and reveals the important contribution of organic acids to organic aerosol. In addition, comparison between experimental and theoretical partitioning coefficients revealed in most cases a large underestimation by the theory reaching 1 to 7 orders of magnitude.
Eugene F. Mikhailov, Mira L. Pöhlker, Kathrin Reinmuth-Selzle, Sergey S. Vlasenko, Ovid O. Krüger, Janine Fröhlich-Nowoisky, Christopher Pöhlker, Olga A. Ivanova, Alexey A. Kiselev, Leslie A. Kremper, and Ulrich Pöschl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6999–7022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6999-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6999-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Subpollen particles are a relatively new subset of atmospheric aerosol particles. When pollen grains rupture, they release cytoplasmic fragments known as subpollen particles (SPPs). We found that SPPs, containing a broad spectrum of biopolymers and hydrocarbons, exhibit abnormally high water uptake. This effect may influence the life cycle of SPPs and the related direct and indirect impacts on radiation budget as well as reinforce their allergic potential.
Patricia K. Quinn, Elizabeth J. Thompson, Derek J. Coffman, Sunil Baidar, Ludovic Bariteau, Timothy S. Bates, Sebastien Bigorre, Alan Brewer, Gijs de Boer, Simon P. de Szoeke, Kyla Drushka, Gregory R. Foltz, Janet Intrieri, Suneil Iyer, Chris W. Fairall, Cassandra J. Gaston, Friedhelm Jansen, James E. Johnson, Ovid O. Krüger, Richard D. Marchbanks, Kenneth P. Moran, David Noone, Sergio Pezoa, Robert Pincus, Albert J. Plueddemann, Mira L. Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, Estefania Quinones Melendez, Haley M. Royer, Malgorzata Szczodrak, Jim Thomson, Lucia M. Upchurch, Chidong Zhang, Dongxiao Zhang, and Paquita Zuidema
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1759–1790, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1759-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1759-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
ATOMIC took place in the northwestern tropical Atlantic during January and February of 2020 to gather information on shallow atmospheric convection, the effects of aerosols and clouds on the ocean surface energy budget, and mesoscale oceanic processes. Measurements made from the NOAA RV Ronald H. Brown and assets it deployed (instrumented mooring and uncrewed seagoing vehicles) are described herein to advance widespread use of the data by the ATOMIC and broader research communities.
Jake Wilson, Ulrich Pöschl, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Thomas Berkemeier
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6175–6198, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6175-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6175-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This work explores the gas–particle partitioning of PAHs on soot with a kinetic model. We show that the equilibration timescale depends on PAH molecular structure, temperature, and particle number concentration. We explore scenarios in which the particulate fraction is perturbed from equilibrium by chemical loss and discuss implications for chemical transport models that assume instantaneous equilibration at each model time step.
Manabu Shiraiwa and Ulrich Pöschl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1565–1580, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1565-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1565-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Mass accommodation is a crucial process in secondary organic aerosol partitioning that depends on volatility, diffusivity, reactivity, and particle penetration depth of the chemical species involved. For efficient kinetic modeling, we introduce an effective mass accommodation coefficient that accounts for the above influencing factors, can be applied in the common Fuchs–Sutugin approximation, and helps to resolve inconsistencies and shortcomings of earlier experimental and model investigations.
Chuchu Chen, Xiaoxiang Wang, Kurt Binder, Mohammad Mehdi Ghahremanpour, David van der Spoel, Ulrich Pöschl, Hang Su, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-1329, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-1329, 2021
Publication in ACP not foreseen
Short summary
Short summary
Size dependence of succinic acid solvation in the nanoparticles is investigated based on the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and energetic analysis. The results show a stronger surface preference and a weaker internal bulk volume solvation of succinic acid in the smaller droplets, which may explain the previously observed size-dependent phase-state of aerosol nanoparticles containing organic molecules, fundamentally promoting a better understanding of atmospheric aerosols.
Cécile Debevec, Stéphane Sauvage, Valérie Gros, Thérèse Salameh, Jean Sciare, François Dulac, and Nadine Locoge
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1449–1484, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1449-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1449-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides a better characterization of the seasonal variations in VOC sources impacting the western Mediterranean region, based on a comprehensive chemical composition measured over 25 months at a representative receptor site (Ersa) and by determining factors controlling their temporal variations. Some insights into dominant drivers for VOC concentration variations in Europe are also provided, built on comparisons of Ersa observations with the concomitant ones of 17 European sites.
Guo Li, Hang Su, Nan Ma, Guangjie Zheng, Uwe Kuhn, Meng Li, Thomas Klimach, Ulrich Pöschl, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 6053–6065, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6053-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6053-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol acidity plays an important role in regulating the chemistry, health, and ecological effect of aerosol particles. However, a direct measurement of aerosol pH is very challenging because of its fast transition and equilibrium with adjacent environments. Therefore, most early studies have to use modeled pH, resulting in intensive debates about model uncertainties. Here we developed an optimized approach to measure aerosol pH by using pH-indicator papers combined with RGB-based colorimetry.
Cited articles
Almeida, A., Mitchell, A. L., Boland, M., Forster, S. C., Gloor, G. B.,
Tarkowska, A., Lawley, T. D., and Finn, R. D.: A new genomic blueprint of
the human gut microbiota, Nature, 568, 499–504,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-0965-1, 2019. a
Andreae, M. O. and Rosenfeld, D.: Aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions,
Part 1. The nature and sources of cloud-active aerosols, Earth-Sci. Rev.,
89, 13–41, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2008.03.001, 2008. a, b
Archer, S. D. J., Lee, K. C., Caruso, T., King-Miaow, K., Harvey, M., Huang,
D., Wainwright, B. J., and Pointing, S. B.: Air mass source determines
airborne microbial diversity at the ocean–atmosphere interface of the Great
Barrier Reef marine ecosystem, ISME J., 14, 871–876,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0555-0, 2020. a
Atkinson, J. D., Murray, B. J., Woodhouse, M. T., Whale, T. F., Baustian,
K. J., Carslaw, K. S., Dobbie, S., O'Sullivan, D., and Malkin, T. L.: The
importance of feldspar for ice nucleation by mineral dust in mixed-phase
clouds, Nature, 498, 355–358, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12278, 2013. a
Beall, C. M., Michaud, J. M., Fish, M. A., Dinasquet, J., Cornwell, G. C.,
Stokes, M. D., Burkart, M. D., Hill, T. C., DeMott, P. J., and Prather,
K. A.: Cultivable halotolerant ice-nucleating bacteria and fungi in coastal
precipitation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9031–9045,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9031-2021, 2021. a, b
Bigg, E. K., Soubeyrand, S., and Morris, C. E.: Persistent after-effects of
heavy rain on concentrations of ice nuclei and rainfall suggest a biological
cause, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2313–2326, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2313-2015,
2015. a, b, c
Bik, H. M.: Microbial Metazoa Are Microbes Too, mSystems, 4, 1–4,
https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00109-19, 2019. a
Bowers, R. M., McLetchie, S., Knight, R., and Fierer, N.: Spatial variability
in airborne bacterial communities across land-use types and their
relationship to the bacterial communities of potential source environments,
ISME J., 5, 601–612, https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2010.167, 2011. a
Bowers, R. M., McCubbin, I. B., Hallar, A. G., and Fierer, N.: Seasonal
variability in airborne bacterial communities at a high-elevation site,
Atmos. Environ., 50, 41–49, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.01.005, 2012. a, b
Bowers, R. M., Clements, N., Emerson, J. B., Wiedinmyer, C., Hannigan, M. P.,
and Fierer, N.: Seasonal variability in bacterial and fungal diversity of
the near-surface atmosphere, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 12097–12106,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es402970s, 2013. a
Brown, J. K. M. and Hovmøller, M. S.: Aerial dispersal of pathogens on the
global and continental scales and its impact on plant disease, Science, 297, 537–541, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1072678, 2002. a
Burrows, S. M., Hoose, C., Pöschl, U., and Lawrence, M. G.: Ice nuclei
in marine air: Biogenic particles or dust?, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13,
245–267, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-245-2013, 2013. a
Cao, C., Jiang, W., Wang, B., Fang, J., Lang, J., Tian, G., Jiang, J., and Zhu,
T. F.: Inhalable Microorganisms in Beijing's PM2.5 and PM10 Pollutants
during a Severe Smog Event, Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 1499–1507,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es4048472, 2014. a
Carroll, J. J. and Viglierchio, D. R.: On the transport of nematodes by the
wind, J. Nematol., 13, 476–83, 1981. a
Ciprandi, G., Puccinelli, P., Incorvaia, C., and Masieri, S.: Parietaria
allergy: An intriguing challenge for the allergist, Medicina, 54, 1–10,
https://doi.org/10.3390/MEDICINA54060106, 2018. a
Colombo, P., Bonura, A., Costa, M. A., Izzo, V., Passantino, R., Locorotondo,
G., Amoroso, S., and Geraci, D.: The Allergens of Parietaria, Int. Arch.
Allergy Immunol., 130, 173–179, https://doi.org/10.1159/000069520, 2003. a
Coluzza, I., Creamean, J., Rossi, J. M., Wex, H., Alpert, A. P., Bianco, V.,
Boose, Y., Dellago, C., Felgitsch, L., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Herrmann,
H., Jungblut, S., Kanji, A. Z., Menzl, G., Moffett, B., Moritz, C., Mutzel,
A., Pöschl, U., Schauperl, M., Scheel, J., Stopelli, E., Stratmann, F.,
Grothe, H., and Schmale, G. D.: Perspectives on the Future of Ice Nucleation
Research: Research Needs and Unanswered Questions Identified from Two
International Workshops, Atmosphere, 8, 138, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos8080138, 2017. a
Conen, F. and Yakutin, M. V.: Soils rich in biological ice-nucleating
particles abound in ice-nucleating macromolecules likely produced by fungi,
Biogeosciences, 15, 4381–4385, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4381-2018, 2018. a
Crandall, S. G. and Gilbert, G. S.: Meteorological factors associated with
abundance of airborne fungal spores over natural vegetation, Atmos.
Environ., 162, 87–99, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.05.018, 2017. a
Creamean, J. M., Ceniceros, J. E., Newman, L., Pace, A. D., Hill, T. C. J.,
DeMott, P. J., and Rhodes, M. E.: Evaluating the potential for Haloarchaea
to serve as ice nucleating particles, Biogeosciences, 18, 3751–3762,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3751-2021, 2021. a
Crutzen, P. J. and Stoermer, E. F.: The “Anthropocene”, Global Change Newsletter,
41, 17–18, 2000. a
D'Amato, G., Cecchi, L., Bonini, S., Nunes, C., Annesi-Maesano, I., Behrendt,
H., Liccardi, G., Popov, T., and Van Cauwenberge, P.: Allergenic pollen
and pollen allergy in Europe, Allergy Eur. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 62,
976–990, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01393.x, 2007. a
DeMott, P. J. and Prenni, A. J.: New Directions: Need for defining the numbers
and sources of biological aerosols acting as ice nuclei, Atmos. Environ.,
44, 1944–1945, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.02.032, 2010. a, b
Després, V. R., Alex Huffman, J., Burrows, S. M., Hoose, C., Safatov,
A. S., Buryak, G., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Elbert, W., Andreae, M. O.,
Pöschl, U., Jaenicke, R., Huffman, J. A., Burrows, S. M., Hoose, C.,
Safatov, A. S., Buryak, G., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Elbert, W., Andreae,
M. O., Pöschl, U., and Jaenicke, R.: Primary biological aerosol
particles in the atmosphere: a review, Tellus B, 64, 15598,
https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v64i0.15598, 2012. a
Edwards, R. A. and Rohwer, F.: Viral metagenomics, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 3,
504–510, https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro1163, 2005. a, b
Elbert, W., Taylor, P. E., Andreae, M. O., and Pöschl, U.: Contribution
of fungi to primary biogenic aerosols in the atmosphere: wet and dry
discharged spores, carbohydrates, and inorganic ions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7,
4569–4588, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-4569-2007, 2007. a, b
Els, N., Larose, C., Baumann-Stanzer, K., Tignat-Perrier, R., Keuschnig, C.,
Vogel, T. M., and Sattler, B.: Microbial composition in seasonal time series
of free tropospheric air and precipitation reveals community separation,
Aerobiologia, 35, 671–701, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-019-09606-x, 2019. a
Failor, K. C., Schmale, D. G., Vinatzer, B. A., and Monteil, C. L.: Ice
nucleation active bacteria in precipitation are genetically diverse and
nucleate ice by employing different mechanisms, ISME J., 11, 2740–2753,
https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2017.124, 2017. a, b
Fall, P. L.: Modern vegetation, pollen and climate relationships on the
Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 185, 79–92,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2012.08.002, 2012. a
Felgitsch, L., Baloh, P., Burkart, J., Mayr, M., Momken, M. E., Seifried,
T. M., Winkler, P., Schmale, D. G., and Grothe, H.: Birch leaves and
branches as a source of ice-nucleating macromolecules, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
18, 16063–16079, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16063-2018, 2018. a
Fendrihan, S., Legat, A., Pfaffenhuemer, M., Gruber, C., Weidler, G., Gerbl,
F., and Stan-Lotter, H.: Extremely halophilic archaea and the issue of
long-term microbial survival, Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol., 5, 203–218, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-006-0007-y, 2007. a
Franzetti, A., Gandolfi, I., Gaspari, E., Ambrosini, R., and Bestetti, G.:
Seasonal variability of bacteria in fine and coarse urban air particulate
matter, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 90, 745–753,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-010-3048-7, 2011. a
Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Ruzene Nespoli, C., Pickersgill, D. A., Galand,
P. E., Müller-Germann, I., Nunes, T., Gomes Cardoso, J., Almeida,
S. M., Pio, C., Andreae, M. O., Conrad, R., Pöschl, U., Després,
V. R., Pickersgil, D. A., Galand, P. E., Müller-Germann, I., Nunes, T.,
Gomes Cardoso, J., Almeida, S. M., Pio, C., Andreae, M. O., Conrad, R.,
Pöschl, U., Després, V. R., Pickersgill, D. A., Galand, P. E.,
Müller-Germann, I., Nunes, T., Gomes Cardoso, J., Almeida, S. M.,
Pio, C., Andreae, M. O., Conrad, R., Pöschl, U., Després, V. R.,
Müller-German, I., Vogel, B., Nunes, T., Gomes Cardoso, J., Marta
Almeida, S., Pio, C., Andreae, M. O., Conrad, R., Pöschl, U., and
Després, V. R.: Diversity and seasonal dynamics of airborne archaea,
Biogeosciences, 11, 6067–6079, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6067-2014, 2014. a
Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Hill, T. C. J., Pummer, B. G., Yordanova, P.,
Franc, G. D., and Pöschl, U.: Ice nucleation activity in the
widespread soil fungus Mortierella alpina, Biogeosciences, 12, 1057–1071,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1057-2015, 2015. a, b, c, d
Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Kampf, C. J., Weber, B., Huffman, J. A.,
Pöhlker, C., Andreae, M. O., Lang-Yona, N., Burrows, S. M., Gunthe,
S. S., Elbert, W., Su, H., Hoor, P., Thines, E., Hoffmann, T., Després,
V. R., and Pöschl, U.: Bioaerosols in the Earth system: Climate,
health, and ecosystem interactions, Atmos. Res., 182, 346–376,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.07.018, 2016. a, b, c, d, e, f
Gandolfi, I., Bertolini, V., Ambrosini, R., Bestetti, G., and Franzetti, A.:
Unravelling the bacterial diversity in the atmosphere, Appl. Microbiol.
Biotechnol., 97, 4727–4736, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-013-4901-2, 2013. a
Gilet, T. and Bourouiba, L.: Rain-induced ejection of pathogens from leaves:
Revisiting the hypothesis of splash-on-film using high-speed visualization,
Integr. Comp. Biol., 54, 974–984, https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icu116, 2014. a
Gong, X., Wex, H., Müller, T., Wiedensohler, A., Höhler, K.,
Kandler, K., Ma, N., Dietel, B., Schiebel, T., Möhler, O., and
Stratmann, F.: Characterization of aerosol properties at Cyprus, focusing on
cloud condensation nuclei and ice-nucleating particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
19, 10883–10900, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10883-2019, 2019. a
Gosselin, M. I., Rathnayake, C. C. M., Crawford, I., Pöhlker, C.,
Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Schmer, B., Després, V. V. R., Engling,
G., Gallagher, M., Stone, E., Pöschl, U., Huffman, J. A., Ila
Gosselin, M., Rathnayake, C. C. M., Crawford, I., Pöhlker, C.,
Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Schmer, B., Després, V. V. R., Engling,
G., Gallagher, M., Stone, E., Pöschl, U., and Alex Huffman, J.:
Fluorescent bioaerosol particle, molecular tracer, and fungal spore
concentrations during dry and rainy periods in a semi-arid forest, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 16, 15165–15184, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-15165-2016, 2016. a
Govindarajan, A. G. and Lindow, S. E.: Size of bacterial ice-nucleation sites
measured in situ by radiation inactivation analysis, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,
85, 1334–1338, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.85.5.1334, 1988. a
Grant, W. D. and Ross, H. N.: The ecology and taxonomy of halobacteria, FEMS
Microbiol. Lett., 39, 9–15, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1097(86)90054-6, 1986. a
Gregory, P. H., Guthrie, E. J., and Bunce, M. E.: Experiments on splash
dispersal of fungus spores, J. Gen. Microbiol., 20, 328–354,
https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-20-2-328, 1959. a, b
Gucel, S., Guvensen, A., Ozturk, M., and Celik, A.: Analysis of airborne
pollen fall in Nicosia (Cyprus), Environ. Monit. Assess., 185, 157–169,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-2540-1, 2013. a, b, c
Haga, D., Burrows, S., Iannone, R., Wheeler, M., Mason, R., Chen, J.,
Polishchuk, E., Pöschl, U., and Bertram, A.: Ice nucleation by fungal
spores from the classes Agaricomycetes, Ustilaginomycetes, and
Eurotiomycetes, and the effect on the atmospheric transport of these spores,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 8611–8630, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8611-2014, 2014. a, b
Haga, D. I., Iannone, R., Wheeler, M. J., Mason, R., Polishchuk, E. A., Fetch,
T., van der Kamp, B. J., McKendry, I. G., and Bertram, A. K.: Ice nucleation
properties of rust and bunt fungal spores and their transport to high
altitudes, where they can cause heterogeneous freezing, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 7260–7272, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50556, 2013. a
Hara, K., Maki, T., Kakikawa, M., Kobayashi, F., and Matsuki, A.: Effects of
different temperature treatments on biological ice nuclei in snow samples,
Atmos. Environ., 140, 415–419, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.06.011,
2016a. a
Hara, K., Maki, T., Kobayashi, F., Kakikawa, M., Wada, M., and Matsuki, A.:
Variations of ice nuclei concentration induced by rain and snowfall within a
local forested site in Japan, Atmos. Environ., 127, 1–5,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.12.009, 2016b. a
Hassett, M. O., Fischer, M. W. F., and Money, N. P.: Mushrooms as rainmakers:
How spores act as nuclei for raindrops, PLoS One, 10, e0140407,
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140407, 2015. a
Henderson-Begg, S. K., Hill, T., Thyrhaug, R., Khan, M., and Moffett, B. F.:
Terrestrial and airborne non-bacterial ice nuclei, Atmos. Sci. Lett., 10,
215–219, https://doi.org/10.1002/asl.241, 2009. a
Heo, K. J., Kim, H. B., and Lee, B. U.: Concentration of environmental fungal
and bacterial bioaerosols during the monsoon season, J. Aerosol Sci., 77,
31–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2014.07.001, 2014. a, b
Herridge, R., Samarth, R., Brownfield, L., and Macknight, R.: Identification
and Characterization of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne) Vernalization
Genes, Front. Plant Sci., 12, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.640324, 2021. a
Hibbett, D. S., Bauer, R., Binder, M., Giachini, A. J., Hosaka, K., Justo, A.,
Larsson, E., Larsson, K. H., Lawrey, J. D., Miettinen, O., Nagy, L. G.,
Nilsson, R. H., Weiss, M., and Thorn, R. G.: Agaricomycetes, chap. 14, in: Systematics and Evolution, The Mycota (A Comprehensive Treatise on Fungi as Experimental Systems for Basic and Applied Research), edited by: McLaughlin, D. J. and Spatafora, J. W.,
Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 373–429, ISBN 978-3-642-55318-9,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55318-9_14, 2014. a
Hill, T. C. J., Moffett, B. F., DeMott, P. J., Georgakopoulos, D. G., Stump,
W. L., and Franc, G. D.: Measurement of ice nucleation-active bacteria on
plants and in precipitation by quantitative PCR, Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,
80, 1256–1267, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02967-13, 2014. a, b
Hill, T. C. J., DeMott, P. J., Tobo, Y., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Moffett,
B. F., Franc, G. D., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: Sources of organic ice
nucleating particles in soils, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 7195–7211,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7195-2016, 2016. a
Hiranuma, N., Möhler, O., Bingemer, H., Bundke, U., Cziczo, D. J.,
Danielczok, A., Ebert, M., Garimella, S., Hoffmann, N., Höhler, K.,
Kanji, Z. A., Kiselev, A., Raddatz, M., and Stetzer, O.: Immersion freezing
of clay minerals and bacterial ice nuclei, AIP Conf. Proc., 1527, 914–917,
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4803420, 2013. a
Hirst, J.: Changes in atmospheric spore content: Diurnal periodicity and the
effects of weather, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 36, 375–393,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(53)80034-3, 1953. a, b
Hirst, J. M. and Stedman, O. J.: Dry Liberation of Fungus Spores By
Raindrops, J. Gen. Microbiol., 33, 335–344,
https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-33-2-335, 1963. a, b
Hoose, C. and Möhler, O.: Heterogeneous ice nucleation on atmospheric
aerosols: a review of results from laboratory experiments, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 12, 9817–9854, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-9817-2012, 2012. a
Huang, S., Hu, W., Chen, J., Wu, Z., Zhang, D., and Fu, P.: Overview of
biological ice nucleating particles in the atmosphere, Environ. Int., 146,
106197, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.106197, 2021. a, b
Huffman, J. A., Prenni, A. J., Demott, P. J., Pöhlker, C., Mason, R. H.,
Robinson, N. H., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Tobo, Y., Després, V. R.,
Garcia, E., Gochis, D. J., Harris, E., Müller-Germann, I., Ruzene, C.,
Schmer, B., Sinha, B., Day, D. A., Andreae, M. O., Jimenez, J. L., Gallagher,
M., Kreidenweis, S. M., Bertram, A. K., and Pöschl, U.: High
concentrations of biological aerosol particles and ice nuclei during and
after rain, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 6151–6164,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6151-2013, 2013. a, b
Iannone, R., Chernoff, D. I., Pringle, A., Martin, S. T., and Bertram, A. K.:
The ice nucleation ability of one of the most abundant types of fungal
spores found in the atmosphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 1191–1201,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-1191-2011, 2011. a
Jang, G. I., Hwang, C. Y., and Cho, B. C.: Effects of heavy rainfall on the
composition of airborne bacterial communities, Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.,
12, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-018-1008-0, 2018. a
Jayaweera, K. and Flanagan, P.: Investigations on biogenic ice nuclei in the
Arctic atmosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 9, 94–97,
https://doi.org/10.1029/GL009i001p00094, 1982. a
Jeon, E. M., Kim, H. J., Jung, K., Kim, J. H., Kim, M. Y., Kim, Y. P., and Ka,
J. O.: Impact of Asian dust events on airborne bacterial community assessed
by molecular analyses, Atmos. Environ., 45, 4313–4321,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.11.054, 2011. a
Joly, M., Attard, E., Sancelme, M., Deguillaume, L., Guilbaud, C., Morris,
C. E., Amato, P., and Delort, A.-M.: Ice nucleation activity of bacteria
isolated from cloud water, Atmos. Environ., 70, 392–400,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.01.027, 2013. a
Jones, A. M. and Harrison, R. M.: The effects of meteorological factors on
atmospheric bioaerosol concentrations – A review, Sci. Total Environ., 326,
151–180, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.11.021, 2004. a, b
Joung, Y. S., Ge, Z., and Buie, C. R.: Bioaerosol generation by raindrops on
soil, Nat. Commun., 8, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14668, 2017. a, b
Kauserud, H., Lie, M., Stensrud, Ø., and Ohlson, M.: Molecular
characterization of airborne fungal spores in boreal forests of contrasting
human disturbance, Mycologia, 97, 1215–1224,
https://doi.org/10.1080/15572536.2006.11832731, 2005. a
Kaygusuz, O. and Faruk Çolak, Ö.: New records of Helotiales in
Turkey, ScienceAsia, 43, 217–222,
https://doi.org/10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2017.43.217, 2017. a
Kho, Z. Y. and Lal, S. K.: The human gut microbiome – A potential controller
of wellness and disease, Front. Microbiol., 9, 1–23,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01835, 2018. a
Kieft, T. L. and Ahmadjian, V.: Biological Ice Nucleation Activity in Lichen
Mycobionts and Photobionts, The Lichenologist, 21, 355–362,
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282989000599, 1989. a, b
Kim, S., Park, H., Gruszewski, H. A., Schmale, D. G., and Jung, S.:
Vortex-induced dispersal of a plant pathogen by raindrop impact, P.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 116, 4917–4922, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820318116, 2019. a
Kluska, K., Piotrowicz, K., and Kasprzyk, I.: The impact of rainfall on the
diurnal patterns of atmospheric pollen concentrations, Agr. Forest
Meteorol., 291, 108042, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108042, 2020. a, b
Kunert, A. T., Lamneck, M., Helleis, F., Pöschl, U., Pöhlker,
M. L., and Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J.: Twin-plate Ice Nucleation Assay
(TINA) with infrared detection for high-throughput droplet freezing
experiments with biological ice nuclei in laboratory and field samples,
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 6327–6337, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-6327-2018, 2018. a, b, c
Kunert, A. T., Pöhlker, M. L., Tang, K., Krevert, C. S., Wieder, C.,
Speth, K. R., Hanson, L. E., Morris, C. E., Schmale III, D. G.,
Pöschl, U., and Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J.: Macromolecular fungal ice
nuclei in Fusarium: effects of physical and chemical processing,
Biogeosciences, 16, 4647–4659, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4647-2019, 2019. a, b, c, d, e
Lacey, J.: Spore dispersal – Its role in ecology and disease: The British
contribution to fungal aerobiology, Mycol. Res., 100, 641–660,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(96)80194-8, 1996. a, b, c
Lang-Yona, N., Pickersgill, D. A., Maurus, I., Teschner, D., Wehking, J.,
Thines, E., Poschl, U., Després, V. R., and Frohlich-Nowoisky, J.:
Species Richness, rRNA Gene Abundance, and Seasonal Dynamics of Airborne
Plant-Pathogenic Oomycetes, Front. Microbiol., 9, 1–11,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02673, 2018. a
Lindow, S. E., Hirano, S. S., Barchet, W. R., Arny, D. C., and Upper, C. D.:
Relationship between Ice Nucleation Frequency of Bacteria and Frost Injury,
Plant Physiol., 70, 1090–1093, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.70.4.1090, 1982. a
Liu, Y. and Whitman, W. B.: Metabolic, phylogenetic, and ecological diversity
of the methanogenic archaea, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 1125, 171–189,
https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1419.019, 2008. a
Löbs, N., Barbosa, C. G. G., Brill, S., Walter, D., Ditas, F., de
Oliveira Sá, M., de Araújo, A. C., de Oliveira, L. R., Godoi, R.
H. M., Wolff, S., Piepenbring, M., Kesselmeier, J., Artaxo, P., Andreae,
M. O., Pöschl, U., Pöhlker, C., and Weber, B.: Aerosol
measurement methods to quantify spore emissions from fungi and cryptogamic
covers in the Amazon, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 153–164, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-153-2020, 2020. a
Madden, L. V.: Effects of rain on splash dispersal of fungal pathogens, Can.
J. Plant Pathol., 19, 225–230, https://doi.org/10.1080/07060669709500557, 1997. a
Maki, L. R., Galyan, E. L., Chang-Chien, M. M., and Caldwell, D. R.: Ice
nucleation induced by Pseudomonas syringae, Appl. Microbiol., 28, 456–459,
https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12668, 1974. a, b
Matias Rodrigues, J. F., Schmidt, T. S., Tackmann, J., and Von Mering, C.:
MAPseq: Highly efficient k-mer search with confidence estimates, for rRNA
sequence analysis, Bioinformatics, 33, 3808–3810,
https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btx517, 2017. a
Mazar, Y., Cytryn, E., Erel, Y., and Rudich, Y.: Effect of Dust Storms on the
Atmospheric Microbiome in the Eastern Mediterranean, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
50, 4194–4202, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b06348, 2016. a
McMurdie, P. J. and Paulson, J.: Biomformat: An interface package for the BIOM
file format, 2019. a
Mescioglu, E., Rahav, E., Belkin, N., Xian, P., Eizenga, J., Vichik, A., Herut,
B., and Paytan, A.: Aerosol Microbiome over the Mediterranean Sea Diversity
and Abundance, Atmosphere, 10, 440, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10080440,
2019. a, b
Miguel, A. G., Taylor, P. E., House, J., Glovsky, M. M., and Flagan, R. C.:
Meteorological Influences on Respirable Fragment Release from Chinese Elm
Pollen, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 40, 690–696,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820600798869, 2006. a
Mitchell, A. L., Scheremetjew, M., Denise, H., Potter, S., Tarkowska, A.,
Qureshi, M., Salazar, G. A., Pesseat, S., Boland, M. A., Hunter, F. M., Ten
Hoopen, P., Alako, B., Amid, C., Wilkinson, D. J., Curtis, T. P., Cochrane,
G., and Finn, R. D.: EBI Metagenomics in 2017: Enriching the analysis of
microbial communities, from sequence reads to assemblies, Nucl. Acid.
Res., 46, D726–D735, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkx967, 2018. a, b
Möhler, O., DeMott, P. J., Vali, G., and Levin, Z.: Microbiology and atmospheric processes: the role of biological particles in cloud physics, Biogeosciences, 4, 1059–1071, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-4-1059-2007, 2007. a
Morris, C. E., Sands, D. C., Glaux, C., Samsatly, J., Asaad, S., Moukahel,
A. R., Gonçalves, F. L. T., and Bigg, E. K.: Urediospores of rust
fungi are ice nucleation active at >−10 ∘C and harbor ice nucleation
active bacteria, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4223–4233,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4223-2013, 2013. a, b, c
Morris, C. E., Soubeyrand, S., Bigg, E. K., Creamean, J. M., and Sands, D. C.:
Mapping rainfall feedback to reveal the potential sensitivity of
precipitation to biological aerosols, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 98,
1109–1118, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00293.1, 2017. a
Morris, C. E. C., Conen, F., Huffman, J., Phillips, V., Pöschl, U.,
Sands, D. C. D., Alex Huffman, J., Phillips, V., Pöschl, U., and
Sands, D. C. D.: Bioprecipitation: a feedback cycle linking Earth history,
ecosystem dynamics and land use through biological ice nucleators in the
atmosphere, Glob. Change Biol., 20, 341–351, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12447,
2014. a, b
Müller-Germann, I., Pickersgill, D. A., Paulsen, H., Alberternst, B.,
Pöschl, U., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., and Després, V. R.:
Allergenic Asteraceae in air particulate matter: quantitative DNA analysis
of mugwort and ragweed, Aerobiologia, 33, 493–506,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-017-9485-3, 2017. a
Nkem, J. N., Wall, D. H., Virginia, R. A., Barrett, J. E., Broos, E. J.,
Porazinska, D. L., and Adams, B. J.: Wind dispersal of soil invertebrates in
the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, Polar Biol., 29, 346–352,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-005-0061-x, 2006. a
Oren, A.: Taxonomy of halophilic Archaea: current status and future
challenges, Extremophiles, 18, 825–834, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-014-0654-9,
2014. a
O'Sullivan, D., Murray, B. J., Ross, J. F., and Webb, M. E.: The adsorption of
fungal ice-nucleating proteins on mineral dusts: A terrestrial reservoir of
atmospheric ice-nucleating particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 7879–7887,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7879-2016, 2016. a
Ozturk, M., Guvensen, A., Gucel, S., and Altay, V.: An overview of the
atmospheric pollen in Turkey and the Northern Cyprus, Pakistan J. Bot., 45,
191–195, 2013. a
Pearce, D. A., Hughes, K. A., Lachlan-Cope, T., Harangozo, S. A., and Jones,
A. E.: Biodiversity of air-borne microorganisms at Halley station,
Antarctica, Extremophiles, 14, 145–159, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-009-0293-8,
2010. a
Perryman, S. A., Clark, S. J., and West, J. S.: Splash dispersal of
Phyllosticta citricarpa conidia from infected citrus fruit, Sci. Rep., 4,
1–8, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06568, 2014. a
Peter, H., Hörtnagl, P., Reche, I., and Sommaruga, R.: Bacterial
diversity and composition during rain events with and without Saharan dust
influence reaching a high mountain lake in the Alps, Environ. Microbiol.
Rep., 6, 618–624, https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.12175, 2014. a
Pöhlker, C., Wiedemann, K. T., Sinha, B., Shiraiwa, M., Gunthe, S. S.,
Smith, M., Su, H., Artaxo, P., Chen, Q., Cheng, Y., Elbert, W., Gilles,
M. K., Kilcoyne, A. L. D., Moffet, R. C., Weigand, M., Martin, S. T.,
Pöschl, U., and Andreae, M. O.: Biogenic potassium salt particles as
seeds for secondary organic aerosol in the Amazon, Science, 337,
1075–1078, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1223264, 2012. a
Pöhlker, M. L., Krüger, O. O., Förster, J.-D., Berkemeier,
T., Elbert, W., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Pöschl, U., Pöhlker,
C., Bagheri, G., Bodenschatz, E., Huffman, J. A., Scheithauer, S., and
Mikhailov, E.: Respiratory aerosols and droplets in the transmission of
infectious diseases, arXiv Prepr., available at:
http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.01188, last access: 9 April 2021. a
Polymenakou, P. N., Mandalakis, M., Stephanou, E. G., and Tselepides, A.:
Particle size distribution of airborne microorganisms and pathogens during
an intense African dust event in the eastern Mediterranean, Environ. Health
Perspect., 116, 292–296, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.10684, 2008. a
Pöschl, U. and Shiraiwa, M.: Multiphase Chemistry at the
Atmosphere-Biosphere Interface Influencing Climate and Public Health in the
Anthropocene, Chem. Rev., 115, 4440–4475, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500487s, 2015. a
Pöschl, U., Martin, S. T., Sinha, B., Chen, Q., Gunthe, S. S., Huffman,
J. A., Borrmann, S., Farmer, D. K., Garland, R. M., Helas, G., Jimenez,
J. L., King, S. M., Manzi, A., Mikhailov, E., Pauliquevis, T., Petters,
M. D., Prenni, A. J., Roldin, P., Rose, D., Schneider, J., Su, H., Zorn,
S. R., Artaxo, P., and Andreae, M. O.: Rainforest aerosols as biogenic
nuclei of clouds and precipitation in the Amazon, Science, 329, 1513–1516,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1191056, 2010. a
Pouleur, S., Richard, C., Martin, J. G., and Antoun, H.: Ice Nucleation
Activity in Fusarium acuminatum and Fusarium avenaceum, Appl. Environ.
Microbiol., 58, 2960–2964, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.58.9.2960-2964.1992, 1992. a, b, c
Pranesha, T. S. and Kamra, A. K.: Scavenging of aerosol particles by large
water drops: 3. Washout coefficients, half-lives, and rainfall depths, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 23947–23953, https://doi.org/10.1029/97jd01835, 1997. a
Prenni, A. J., Tobo, Y., Garcia, E., DeMott, P. J., Huffman, J. A., McCluskey,
C. S., Kreidenweis, S. M., Prenni, J. E., Pöhlker, C., and
Pöschl, U.: The impact of rain on ice nuclei populations at a forested
site in Colorado, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 227–231,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL053953, 2013. a, b
Ptatscheck, C., Gansfort, B., and Traunspurger, W.: The extent of
wind-mediated dispersal of small metazoans, focusing nematodes, Sci. Rep.,
8, 6814, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24747-8, 2018. a
Puls, K. E. and Von Wahl, P. G.: Zum einfluß von niederschlägen
auf pollen in der atmosphäre, Grana, 30, 235–241,
https://doi.org/10.1080/00173139109427804, 1991. a, b
Pummer, B. G., Bauer, H., Bernardi, J., Bleicher, S., and Grothe, H.:
Suspendable macromolecules are responsible for ice nucleation activity of
birch and conifer pollen, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 2541–2550,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-2541-2012, 2012. a, b, c
Pummer, B. G., Atanasova, L., Bauer, H., Bernardi, J., Druzhinina, I. S., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., and Grothe, H.: Spores of many common airborne fungi reveal no ice nucleation activity in oil immersion freezing experiments, Biogeosciences, 10, 8083–8091, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8083-2013, 2013. a, b
Pummer, B. G., Budke, C., Augustin-Bauditz, S., Niedermeier, D., Felgitsch, L., Kampf, C. J., Huber, R. G., Liedl, K. R., Loerting, T., Moschen, T., Schauperl, M., Tollinger, M., Morris, C. E., Wex, H., Grothe, H., Pöschl, U., Koop, T., and Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J.: Ice nucleation by water-soluble macromolecules, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 4077–4091, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-4077-2015, 2015. a, b, c, d
Quast, C., Pruesse, E., Yilmaz, P., Gerken, J., Schweer, T., Yarza, P.,
Peplies, J., and Glöckner, F. O.: The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene
database project: Improved data processing and web-based tools, Nucl.
Acid. Res., 41, 590–596, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks1219, 2013. a
Rathnayake, C. M., Metwali, N., Jayarathne, T., Kettler, J., Huang, Y., Thorne, P. S., O'Shaughnessy, P. T., and Stone, E. A.: Influence of rain on the abundance of bioaerosols in fine and coarse particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2459–2475, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2459-2017, 2017. a, b, c
Reche, I., D'Orta, G., Mladenov, N., Winget, D. M., and Suttle, C. A.:
Deposition rates of viruses and bacteria above the atmospheric boundary
layer, ISME J., 12, 1154–1162, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-017-0042-4, 2018. a, b
Ribeiro, H., Cunha, M., and Abreu, I.: Airborne pollen concentration in the
region of Braga, Portugal, and its relationship with meteorological
parameters, Aerobiologia, 19, 21–27,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022620431167, 2003. a
Richard, C., Martin, J.-G., and Pouleur, S.: Ice nucleation activity
identified in some phytopathogenic Fusarium species, Phytoprotection, 77,
83–92, https://doi.org/10.7202/706104ar, 1996. a
Rittenour, W. R., Hamilton, R. G., Beezhold, D. H., and Green, B. J.:
Immunologic, spectrophotometric and nucleic acid based methods for the
detection and quantification of airborne pollen, J. Immunol. Method., 383,
47–53, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jim.2012.01.012, 2012. a
Robertson, C. E., Baumgartner, L. K., Harris, J. K., Peterson, K. L., Stevens,
M. J., Frank, D. N., and Pace, N. R.: Culture-independent analysis of
aerosol microbiology in a metropolitan subway system, Appl. Environ.
Microbiol., 79, 3485–3493, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00331-13, 2013. a
Rodriguez-Caballero, E., Belnap, J., Büdel, B., Crutzen, P. J., Andreae,
M. O., Pöschl, U., and Weber, B.: Dryland photoautotrophic soil
surface communities endangered by global change, Nat. Geosci., 11, 185–189,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0072-1, 2018. a
Sakallah, S. A., Lanning, R. W., and Cooper, D. L.: DNA fingerprinting of
crude bacterial lysates using degenerate RAPD primers, PCR Methods Appl., 4,
265–268, https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.4.5.265, 1995. a
Sands, D., Langhans, V., Scharen, A., and De Smet, G.: The association
between bacteria and rain and possible resultant meteorological
implications, Idojaras, 86, 148–151,
1982. a
Šantl-Temkiv, T., Sahyoun, M., Finster, K., Hartmann, S., Augustin, S.,
Stratmann, F., Wex, H., Clauss, T., Nielsen, N. W., Sørensen, J. H.,
Korsholm, U. S., Wick, L. Y., and Karlson, U. G.: Characterization of
airborne ice-nucleation-active bacteria and bacterial fragments, Atmos.
Environ., 109, 105–117, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.02.060, 2015. a, b
Schnell, R. C. and Vali, G.: Biogenic ice nuclei: Part I. Terrestrial and
marine sources, J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1554–1564,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1976)033<1554:BINPIT>2.0.CO;2, 1976. a
Schrod, J., Weber, D., Drücke, J., Keleshis, C., Pikridas, M., Ebert, M.,
Cvetković, B., Nickovic, S., Marinou, E., Baars, H., Ansmann, A.,
Vrekoussis, M., Mihalopoulos, N., Sciare, J., Curtius, J., and Bingemer,
H. G.: Ice nucleating particles over the Eastern Mediterranean measured by
unmanned aircraft systems, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 4817–4835,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4817-2017, 2017. a
Schumacher, C. J., Pöhlker, C., Aalto, P., Hiltunen, V.,
Petäjä, T., Kulmala, M., Pöschl, U., and Huffman, J. A.:
Seasonal cycles of fluorescent biological aerosol particles in boreal and
semi-arid forests of Finland and Colorado, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13,
11987–12001, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11987-2013, 2013. a, b
Seesao, Y., Gay, M., Merlin, S., Viscogliosi, E., Aliouat-Denis, C. M., and
Audebert, C.: A review of methods for nematode identification, J.
Microbiol. Method., 138, 37–49, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2016.05.030, 2017. a
Seinfeld, J. H. and Pandis, S. N.: Atmospheric chemistry and physics: from air
pollution to climate change, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 3nd Edn., Hoboken, New Jersey, 1152 pp., ISBN 978-1-118-94740-1, 2016. a
Shaffer, B. and Lighthart, B.: Survey of Culturable Airborne Bacteria at Four
Diverse Locations in Oregon: Urban, Rural, Forest, and Coastal, Microb.
Ecol., 34, 167–177, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002489900046, 1997. a
Shikov, E. V. and Vinogradov, A. A.: Dispersal of terrestrial gastropods by
birds during the nesting period, Folia Malacol., 21, 105–110,
https://doi.org/10.12657/folmal.021.012, 2013. a
Smets, W., Moretti, S., Denys, S., and Lebeer, S.: Airborne bacteria in the
atmosphere: Presence, purpose, and potential, Atmos. Environ., 139,
214–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.05.038, 2016. a
Smith, D. J., Timonen, H. J., Jaffe, D. A., Griffin, D. W., Birmele, M. N.,
Perry, K. D., Ward, P. D., and Roberts, M. S.: Intercontinental dispersal of
bacteria and archaea by transpacific winds, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 79,
1134–1139, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03029-12, 2013. a
Söllinger, A. and Urich, T.: Methylotrophic methanogens everywhere –
physiology and ecology of novel players in global methane cycling, Biochem.
Soc. Trans., 47, 1895–1907, https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20180565, 2019. a
Steiner, A. L., Brooks, S. D., Deng, C., Thornton, D. C. O., Pendleton, M. W.,
and Bryant, V.: Pollen as atmospheric cloud condensation nuclei, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 42, 3596–3602, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064060, 2015. a, b, c
Tang, K.: Data of ice nucleation measurements of aerosol samples collected during the INUIT 2016 campaign, Max Planck Society, Edmond [data set], https://doi.org/10.17617/3.6r, last access: 30 June 2021. a
Taylor, P., Flagan, R., Miguel, A., Valenta, R., and Glovsky, M.: Birch pollen
rupture and the release of aerosols of respirable allergens, Clin. Exp.
Allergy, 34, 1591–1596, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02078.x, 2004. a
Taylor, P. E. and Jonsson, H.: Thunderstorm asthma, Curr. Allergy Asthma
Rep., 4, 409–413, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-004-0092-3, 2004. a
Taylor, P. E., Flagan, R. C., Valenta, R., and Glovsky, M. M.: Release of
allergens as respirable aerosols: A link between grass pollen and asthma, J.
Allergy Clin. Immunol., 109, 51–56, https://doi.org/10.1067/mai.2002.120759, 2002. a
Tobo, Y., Prenni, A. J., DeMott, P. J., Huffman, J. A., McCluskey, C. S., Tian,
G., Pöhlker, C., Pöschl, U., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: Biological
aerosol particles as a key determinant of ice nuclei populations in a forest
ecosystem, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 10100–10110,
https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50801, 2013. a, b
Tong, Y. and Lighthart, B.: The annual bacterial particle concentration and
size distribution in the ambient atmosphere in a rural area of the Willamette
Valley, Oregon, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 32, 393–403,
https://doi.org/10.1080/027868200303533, 2000. a
Vali, G.: Quantitative Evaluation of Experimental Results an the Heterogeneous
Freezing Nucleation of Supercooled Liquids, J. Atmos. Sci.,
28, 402–409,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1971)028<0402:QEOERA>2.0.CO;2, 1971. a
Vanschoenwinkel, B., Gielen, S., Seaman, M., and Brendonck, L.: Any way the
wind blows – frequent wind dispersal drives species sorting in ephemeral
aquatic communities, Oikos, 117, 125–134,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2007.0030-1299.16349.x, 2008. a
Wehking, J., Pickersgill, D. A., Bowers, R. M., Teschner, D., Pöschl, U.,
Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., and Després, V. R.: Community composition
and seasonal changes of archaea in coarse and fine air particulate matter,
Biogeosciences, 15, 4205–4214, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4205-2018, 2018. a
Whon, T. W., Kim, M.-S., Roh, S. W., Shin, N.-R., Lee, H.-W., and Bae, J.-W.:
Metagenomic characterization of airborne viral DNA diversity in the
near-surface atmosphere, J. Virol., 86, 8221–8231,
https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00293-12, 2012. a
Wilson, T. W., Ladino, L. A., Alpert, P. A., Breckels, M. N., Brooks, I. M.,
Browse, J., Burrows, S. M., Carslaw, K. S., Huffman, J. A., Judd, C.,
Kilthau, W. P., Mason, R. H., McFiggans, G., Miller, L. A., Nájera,
J. J., Polishchuk, E., Rae, S., Schiller, C. L., Si, M., Temprado, J. V.,
Whale, T. F., Wong, J. P. S., Wurl, O., Yakobi-Hancock, J. D., Abbatt, J.
P. D., Aller, J. Y., Bertram, A. K., Knopf, D. A., and Murray, B. J.: A
marine biogenic source of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles, Nature, 525,
234–238, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14986, 2015. a
Wolf, M., Twaroch, T. E., Huber, S., Reithofer, M., Steiner, M., Aglas, L.,
Hauser, M., Aloisi, I., Asam, C., Hofer, H., Parigiani, M. A., Ebner, C.,
Bohle, B., Briza, P., Neubauer, A., Stolz, F., Jahn-Schmid, B., Wallner, M.,
and Ferreira, F.: Amb a 1 isoforms: Unequal siblings with distinct
immunological features, Allergy Eur. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 72,
1874–1882, https://doi.org/10.1111/all.13196, 2017.
a
Wright, T. P., Hader, J. D., McMeeking, G. R., and Petters, M. D.: High
relative humidity as a trigger for widespread release of ice nuclei, Aerosol
Sci. Technol., 48, i–v, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2014.968244, 2014. a, b
Yahya, R. Z., Arrieta, J. M., Cusack, M., and Duarte, C. M.: Airborne
Prokaryote and Virus Abundance Over the Red Sea, Front. Microbiol., 10,
1–10, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01112, 2019. a
Yooseph, S., Andrews-Pfannkoch, C., Tenney, A., McQuaid, J., Williamson, S.,
Thiagarajan, M., Brami, D., Zeigler-Allen, L., Hoffman, J., Goll, J. B.,
Fadrosh, D., Glass, J., Adams, M. D., Friedman, R., and Venter, J. C.: A
metagenomic framework for the study of airborne microbial communities, PLoS
One, 8, e81862, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081862, 2013. a
Yordanova, P.: Metagenomic analysis of the atmospheric microbial composition over Cyprus, Mgnify [data set], available at: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metagenomics/, Study MGYS00001699, last access: 28 December 2021. a
Zhen, Q., Deng, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Zhang, H., Sun, X., and Ouyang, Z.:
Meteorological factors had more impact on airborne bacterial communities
than air pollutants, Sci. Total Environ., 601/602, 703–712,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.049, 2017. a
Zoberi, M.: Effect of temperature and humidity on ballistospore discharge,
Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 47, 109–114, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0007-1536(64)80085-1,
1964. a, b
Short summary
Metagenomic sequencing and freezing experiments of aerosol samples collected on Cyprus revealed rain-related short-term changes of bioaerosol and ice nuclei composition. Filtration experiments showed a rain-related enhancement of biological ice nuclei > 5 µm and < 0.1 µm. The observed effects of rainfall on the composition of atmospheric bioaerosols and ice nuclei may influence the hydrological cycle as well as the health effects of air particulate matter (pathogens, allergens).
Metagenomic sequencing and freezing experiments of aerosol samples collected on Cyprus revealed...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint