Articles | Volume 15, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-209-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-209-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Ocean acidification of a coastal Antarctic marine microbial community reveals a critical threshold for CO2 tolerance in phytoplankton productivity
Stacy Deppeler
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
Katherina Petrou
School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
Kai G. Schulz
Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry, Southern Cross University, Military Rd, East Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
Karen Westwood
Australian Antarctic Division, Department of the Environment and Energy, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia
Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Private Bag 80, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
Imojen Pearce
Australian Antarctic Division, Department of the Environment and Energy, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia
John McKinlay
Australian Antarctic Division, Department of the Environment and Energy, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia
Andrew Davidson
Australian Antarctic Division, Department of the Environment and Energy, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia
Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Private Bag 80, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
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Charly A. Moras, Tyler Cyronak, Lennart T. Bach, Renaud Joannes-Boyau, and Kai G. Schulz
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Manon Rocco, Erin Dunne, Alexia Saint-Macary, Maija Peltola, Theresa Barthelmeß, Neill Barr, Karl Safi, Andrew Marriner, Stacy Deppeler, James Harnwell, Anja Engel, Aurélie Colomb, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Mike Harvey, Cliff S. Law, and Karine Sellegri
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Preprint archived
Short summary
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During the Sea2cloud campaign in the Southern Pacific Ocean, we measured air-sea emissions from phytopankton of two key atmospheric compounds: DMS and MeSH. These compounds are well-known to play a great role in atmospheric chemistry and climate. We see in this paper that these compounds are most emited by the nanophytoplankton population. We provide here parameters for climate models to predict future trends of the emissions of these compounds and their roles and impacts on the global warming.
Alexia D. Saint-Macary, Andrew Marriner, Theresa Barthelmeß, Stacy Deppeler, Karl Safi, Rafael Costa Santana, Mike Harvey, and Cliff S. Law
Ocean Sci., 19, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1-2023, 2023
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The uppermost oceanic layer was sampled to determine what can explain a potential dimethyl sulfide (DMS) enrichment in this environment. A novel sampling method was used, and the results showed that DMS was not as enriched as expected. Our results showed that the phytoplanktonic composition influenced the DMS concentration, confirming results from another study in this oceanic region. However, additional factors are required to observe a DMS enrichment in the uppermost oceanic layer.
Aaron Ferderer, Zanna Chase, Fraser Kennedy, Kai G. Schulz, and Lennart T. Bach
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Ocean alkalinity enhancement has the capacity to remove vast quantities of carbon from the atmosphere, but its effect on marine ecosystems is largely unknown. We assessed the effect of increased alkalinity on a coastal phytoplankton community when seawater was equilibrated and not equilibrated with atmospheric CO2. We found that the phytoplankton community was moderately affected by increased alkalinity and equilibration with atmospheric CO2 had little influence on this effect.
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To understand how dimethyl sulfide (DMS) enrichment is maintained in the sea surface microlayer (SML) while DMS is lost to the atmosphere, deck-board incubation was carried out to determine DMS sources and sinks. Our results showed that the phytoplankton composition played an essential role in DMS processes in the SML. However, all accumulated DMS processes were lower than the calculated air–sea DMS flux.
Charly A. Moras, Lennart T. Bach, Tyler Cyronak, Renaud Joannes-Boyau, and Kai G. Schulz
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Kai G. Schulz, Eric P. Achterberg, Javier Arístegui, Lennart T. Bach, Isabel Baños, Tim Boxhammer, Dirk Erler, Maricarmen Igarza, Verena Kalter, Andrea Ludwig, Carolin Löscher, Jana Meyer, Judith Meyer, Fabrizio Minutolo, Elisabeth von der Esch, Bess B. Ward, and Ulf Riebesell
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Upwelling of nutrient-rich deep waters to the surface make eastern boundary upwelling systems hot spots of marine productivity. This leads to subsurface oxygen depletion and the transformation of bioavailable nitrogen into inert N2. Here we quantify nitrogen loss processes following a simulated deep water upwelling. Denitrification was the dominant process, and budget calculations suggest that a significant portion of nitrogen that could be exported to depth is already lost in the surface ocean.
Richard Porter-Smith, John McKinlay, Alexander D. Fraser, and Robert A. Massom
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This study quantifies the characteristic complexity
signaturesaround the Antarctic outer coastal margin, giving a multiscale estimate of the magnitude and direction of undulation or complexity at each point location along the entire coastline. It has numerous applications for both geophysical and biological studies and will contribute to Antarctic research requiring quantitative information about this important interface.
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We combined productivity and photophysiology measurements to investigate the effects of ocean acidification on a natural Antarctic marine microbial community. Our study identifies a threshold for CO2 tolerance in the phytoplankton community between 953 and 1140 μatm of CO2, above which productivity declines. Bacteria were tolerant to CO2 up to 1641 μatm. We identify physiological changes in the phytoplankton at high CO2 that allowed them to acclimate to the high CO2 treatment.
We combined productivity and photophysiology measurements to investigate the effects of ocean...
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