Articles | Volume 16, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-177-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-177-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
17 Jan 2019
Research article |
| 17 Jan 2019
| 17 Jan 2019
Comparison of CO2 and O2 fluxes demonstrate retention of respired CO2 in tree stems from a range of tree species
The Fredy and Nadine Herrmann Institute of Earth Sciences, the Hebrew
University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91940, Israel
current address: Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck
Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany
Jan Muhr
Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for
Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany
Susan E. Trumbore
Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for
Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany
Norbert Kunert
Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for
Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany
Mariah S. Carbone
Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University,
Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
Päivi Yuval
Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in
Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment,
the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization,
Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
S. Joseph Wright
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Apartado 0843-03092,
Panama
Gerardo Moreno
Institute for Dehesa Research, University of Extremadura, 10600 Plasencia, Spain
Oscar Pérez-Priego
Department of Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for
Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany
Mirco Migliavacca
Department of Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for
Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany
Arnaud Carrara
Instituto Universitario Fundación Centro de Estudios Ambientales
del Mediterráneo (CEAM-UMH), 46980 Paterna, Spain
José M. Grünzweig
Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in
Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment,
the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
Yagil Osem
Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization,
Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
Tal Weiner
The Fredy and Nadine Herrmann Institute of Earth Sciences, the Hebrew
University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91940, Israel
Alon Angert
The Fredy and Nadine Herrmann Institute of Earth Sciences, the Hebrew
University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91940, Israel
Related authors
No articles found.
Maximiliano González-Sosa, Carlos A. Sierra, Juan A. Quincke, Walter E. Baethgen, Susan Trumbore, and M. Virginia Pravia
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6451, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6451, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for SOIL (SOIL).
Short summary
Short summary
Through the analysis and modeling of SOC and isotope (Δ14C and δ13C) data from contrasting treatments in a 60-year agricultural experiment, we found that mineral-associated SOC is highly isolated from recent atmospheric CO₂ inputs, with isolation increasing with soil depth. Integrated crop-pasture rotational systems have not been able to sequester substantial new carbon along the profile, particularly at depth, but they are relevant to preserve the natural carbon legacy of these soils.
Javier Pacheco-Labrador, Ulisse Gomarasca, Daniel E. Pabon-Moreno, Wantong Li, Mirco Migliavacca, Martin Jung, and Gregory Duveiller
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 8401–8422, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-8401-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-8401-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Measuring biodiversity is necessary to assess its loss, evolution, and role in ecosystem functions. Satellites image the whole terrestrial surface and could cost-efficiently map plant diversity globally. However, developing the necessary methods lacks consistent and sufficient field measurements. Thus, we propose using a simulation tool that generates virtual ecosystems, with species properties and functions varying in response to meteorology and the respective remote sensing imagery.
Carlos A. Sierra, Ingrid Chanca, Meinrat O. Andreae, Alessandro Carioca de Araújo, Hella van Asperen, Lars Borchardt, Santiago Botía, Luiz Antonio Candido, Caio S. C. Correa, Cléo Quaresma Dias-Junior, Markus Eritt, Annica Fröhlich, Luciana V. Gatti, Marcus Guderle, Samuel Hammer, Martin Heimann, Viviana Horna, Armin Jordan, Steffen Knabe, Richard Kneißl, Jost Valentin Lavric, Ingeborg Levin, Kita Macario, Juliana Menger, Heiko Moossen, Carlos Alberto Quesada, Michael Rothe, Christian Rödenbeck, Yago Santos, Axel Steinhof, Bruno Takeshi, Susan Trumbore, and Sönke Zaehle
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 5871–5884, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-5871-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-5871-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We present here a unique dataset of atmospheric observations of greenhouse gases and isotopes that provide key information on land-atmosphere interactions for the Amazon forests of central Brazil. The data show a relatively large level of variability, but also important trends in greenhouse gases, and signals from fires as well as seasonal biological activity.
Alejandro Carrascosa, Gerardo Moreno, M. Francesca Cotrufo, Cristina Frade, Sara Rodrigo, and Víctor Rolo
SOIL, 11, 911–937, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-11-911-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-11-911-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Improved management practices such as rotational grazing, grazing exclusion, and legume enrichment can boost climate change mitigation and adaptation in grasslands. We studied the effects of these practices on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and fractions in semi-arid grasslands. Rotational grazing increased SOC, especially mineral-protected fraction, while exclusion reduced particulate organic carbon stocks. These outcomes were linked to changes in plant traits, soil microbes, and nutrients.
Tea Thum, Javier Pacheco-Labrador, Mika Aurela, Alan Barr, Marika Honkanen, Bruce Johnson, Hannakaisa Lindqvist, Troy Magney, Mirco Migliavacca, Zoe Amie Pierrat, Tristan Quaife, Jochen Stutz, and Sönke Zaehle
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4432, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4432, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is an optical signal emitted by plants, connected to the biochemical status of the plants. Therefore it helps to unveil what happens inside plants and since it can be observed with remote sensing, it provides a global view of plant activity. We included SIF module in a terrestrial biosphere model and examined how to best describe movement of the SIF signal in the forest. Our work will help to model SIF in boreal coniferous forests.
Guy Sapir, Alon Angert, Yoav Oved Rosenberg, and Rotem Golan
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2763, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2763, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Peatland drainage causes over 3.5 % of global anthropogenic GHG emissions, with ~75 % from warm climates. This study examines a drained and partially rewetted warm-climate wetland. Over 66 years, drainage caused ~70 % loss of soil organic matter and substantial CO2 emissions. Rewetting, initiating ~30 years ago, helped preserve organic matter. Yet, long-term data and modeling shows a limited window for its effectiveness, highlighting the need to prioritize sites based on time since drainage.
Tal Weiner, Yoav O. Rosenberg, and Alon Angert
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2774, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2774, 2025
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic matter stores most of the terrestrial carbon, and changes in this storage can have a significant effect on the global carbon cycle. Here we estimated the long-term soil organic matter stability by measuring emission products from soil pyrolysis and measured the respiratory carbon dioxide and oxygen fluxes in soil incubations at different temperatures, to learn about the short-term processes, and to achieve a more complete understanding of the state of the organic matter in the soil.
Laura Nadolski, Tarek S. El-Madany, Jacob Nelson, Arnaud Carrara, Gerardo Moreno, Richard Nair, Yunpeng Luo, Anke Hildebrandt, Victor Rolo, Markus Reichstein, and Sung-Ching Lee
Biogeosciences, 22, 2935–2958, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2935-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2935-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Semi-arid ecosystems are crucial for Earth's carbon balance and are sensitive to changes in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels. Their carbon dynamics are complex and not fully understood. We studied how long-term nutrient changes affect carbon exchange. In summer, the addition of N+P changed plant composition and productivity. In transitional seasons, carbon exchange was less weather-dependent with N. The addition of N and N+P increases carbon-exchange variability, driven by grass greenness.
Friedrich J. Bohn, Ana Bastos, Romina Martin, Anja Rammig, Niak Sian Koh, Giles B. Sioen, Bram Buscher, Louise Carver, Fabrice DeClerck, Moritz Drupp, Robert Fletcher, Matthew Forrest, Alexandros Gasparatos, Alex Godoy-Faúndez, Gregor Hagedorn, Martin C. Hänsel, Jessica Hetzer, Thomas Hickler, Cornelia B. Krug, Stasja Koot, Xiuzhen Li, Amy Luers, Shelby Matevich, H. Damon Matthews, Ina C. Meier, Mirco Migliavacca, Awaz Mohamed, Sungmin O, David Obura, Ben Orlove, Rene Orth, Laura Pereira, Markus Reichstein, Lerato Thakholi, Peter H. Verburg, and Yuki Yoshida
Biogeosciences, 22, 2425–2460, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2425-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2425-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
An interdisciplinary collaboration of 36 international researchers from 35 institutions highlights recent findings in biosphere research. Within eight themes, they discuss issues arising from climate change and other anthropogenic stressors and highlight the co-benefits of nature-based solutions and ecosystem services. Based on an analysis of these eight topics, we have synthesized four overarching insights.
Wolfgang Knorr, Matthew Williams, Tea Thum, Thomas Kaminski, Michael Voßbeck, Marko Scholze, Tristan Quaife, T. Luke Smallman, Susan C. Steele-Dunne, Mariette Vreugdenhil, Tim Green, Sönke Zaehle, Mika Aurela, Alexandre Bouvet, Emanuel Bueechi, Wouter Dorigo, Tarek S. El-Madany, Mirco Migliavacca, Marika Honkanen, Yann H. Kerr, Anna Kontu, Juha Lemmetyinen, Hannakaisa Lindqvist, Arnaud Mialon, Tuuli Miinalainen, Gaétan Pique, Amanda Ojasalo, Shaun Quegan, Peter J. Rayner, Pablo Reyes-Muñoz, Nemesio Rodríguez-Fernández, Mike Schwank, Jochem Verrelst, Songyan Zhu, Dirk Schüttemeyer, and Matthias Drusch
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 2137–2159, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2137-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2137-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
When it comes to climate change, the land surface is where the vast majority of impacts happen. The task of monitoring those impacts across the globe is formidable and must necessarily rely on satellites – at a significant cost: the measurements are only indirect and require comprehensive physical understanding. We have created a comprehensive modelling system that we offer to the research community to explore how satellite data can be better exploited to help us capture the changes that happen on our lands.
Mana Gharun, Ankit Shekhar, Lukas Hörtnagl, Luana Krebs, Nicola Arriga, Mirco Migliavacca, Marilyn Roland, Bert Gielen, Leonardo Montagnani, Enrico Tomelleri, Ladislav Šigut, Matthias Peichl, Peng Zhao, Marius Schmidt, Thomas Grünwald, Mika Korkiakoski, Annalea Lohila, and Nina Buchmann
Biogeosciences, 22, 1393–1411, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1393-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1393-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The effect of winter warming on forest CO2 fluxes has rarely been investigated. We tested the effect of the warm winter of 2020 on the forest CO2 fluxes across 14 sites in Europe and found that the net ecosystem productivity (NEP) across most sites declined during the warm winter due to increased respiration fluxes.
Ingrid Chanca, Ingeborg Levin, Susan Trumbore, Kita Macario, Jost Lavric, Carlos Alberto Quesada, Alessandro Carioca de Araújo, Cléo Quaresma Dias Júnior, Hella van Asperen, Samuel Hammer, and Carlos A. Sierra
Biogeosciences, 22, 455–472, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-455-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-455-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Assessing the net carbon (C) budget of the Amazon entails considering the magnitude and timing of C absorption and losses through respiration (transit time of C). Radiocarbon-based estimates of the transit time of C in the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) suggest a change in the transit time from 6 ± 2 years and 18 ± 4 years within 2 years (October 2019 and December 2021, respectively). This variability indicates that only a fraction of newly fixed C can be stored for decades or longer.
Marco Girardello, Gonzalo Oton, Matteo Piccardo, Mark Pickering, Agata Elia, Guido Ceccherini, Mariano Garcia, Mirco Migliavacca, and Alessandro Cescatti
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-471, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-471, 2025
Preprint under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Our research addresses the significant challenge of assessing forest structural diversity over large spatial scales, which is crucial for understanding the relationship between canopy structure, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning. The advent of spaceborne LiDAR sensors, such as GEDI, has revolutionised the ability to obtain high-quality information on forest structural parameters. Our contribution provides a novel, spatially-explicit dataset on eight forest structural diversity metrics.
Florian Knutzen, Paul Averbeck, Caterina Barrasso, Laurens M. Bouwer, Barry Gardiner, José M. Grünzweig, Sabine Hänel, Karsten Haustein, Marius Rohde Johannessen, Stefan Kollet, Mortimer M. Müller, Joni-Pekka Pietikäinen, Karolina Pietras-Couffignal, Joaquim G. Pinto, Diana Rechid, Efi Rousi, Ana Russo, Laura Suarez-Gutierrez, Sarah Veit, Julian Wendler, Elena Xoplaki, and Daniel Gliksman
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 77–117, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-77-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-77-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our research, involving 22 European scientists, investigated drought and heat impacts on forests in 2018–2022. Findings reveal that climate extremes are intensifying, with central Europe being most severely impacted. The southern region showed resilience due to historical drought exposure, while northern and Alpine areas experienced emerging or minimal impacts. The study highlights the need for region-specific strategies, improved data collection, and sustainable practices to safeguard forests.
Jacob A. Nelson, Sophia Walther, Fabian Gans, Basil Kraft, Ulrich Weber, Kimberly Novick, Nina Buchmann, Mirco Migliavacca, Georg Wohlfahrt, Ladislav Šigut, Andreas Ibrom, Dario Papale, Mathias Göckede, Gregory Duveiller, Alexander Knohl, Lukas Hörtnagl, Russell L. Scott, Jiří Dušek, Weijie Zhang, Zayd Mahmoud Hamdi, Markus Reichstein, Sergio Aranda-Barranco, Jonas Ardö, Maarten Op de Beeck, Dave Billesbach, David Bowling, Rosvel Bracho, Christian Brümmer, Gustau Camps-Valls, Shiping Chen, Jamie Rose Cleverly, Ankur Desai, Gang Dong, Tarek S. El-Madany, Eugenie Susanne Euskirchen, Iris Feigenwinter, Marta Galvagno, Giacomo A. Gerosa, Bert Gielen, Ignacio Goded, Sarah Goslee, Christopher Michael Gough, Bernard Heinesch, Kazuhito Ichii, Marcin Antoni Jackowicz-Korczynski, Anne Klosterhalfen, Sara Knox, Hideki Kobayashi, Kukka-Maaria Kohonen, Mika Korkiakoski, Ivan Mammarella, Mana Gharun, Riccardo Marzuoli, Roser Matamala, Stefan Metzger, Leonardo Montagnani, Giacomo Nicolini, Thomas O'Halloran, Jean-Marc Ourcival, Matthias Peichl, Elise Pendall, Borja Ruiz Reverter, Marilyn Roland, Simone Sabbatini, Torsten Sachs, Marius Schmidt, Christopher R. Schwalm, Ankit Shekhar, Richard Silberstein, Maria Lucia Silveira, Donatella Spano, Torbern Tagesson, Gianluca Tramontana, Carlo Trotta, Fabio Turco, Timo Vesala, Caroline Vincke, Domenico Vitale, Enrique R. Vivoni, Yi Wang, William Woodgate, Enrico A. Yepez, Junhui Zhang, Donatella Zona, and Martin Jung
Biogeosciences, 21, 5079–5115, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5079-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5079-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The movement of water, carbon, and energy from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere, or flux, is an important process to understand because it impacts our lives. Here, we outline a method called FLUXCOM-X to estimate global water and CO2 fluxes based on direct measurements from sites around the world. We go on to demonstrate how these new estimates of net CO2 uptake/loss, gross CO2 uptake, total water evaporation, and transpiration from plants compare to previous and independent estimates.
Luciano Emmert, Susan Trumbore, Joaquim dos Santos, Adriano Lima, Niro Higuchi, Robinson Negrón-Juárez, Cléo Dias-Júnior, Tarek El-Madany, Olaf Kolle, Gabriel Ribeiro, and Daniel Marra
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3234, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3234, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
For the first time, we documented wind gusts with the potential to damage trees in a forest in the Central Amazon. We used meteorological data collected at crown height over 24 months. We recorded 424 gusts, which occur more frequently and intensely in higher elevated areas and during the transition from the dry to the wet season. More intense rains showed the strongest relationship with extreme winds, highlighting the role of extreme events in tree mortality.
Guohua Liu, Mirco Migliavacca, Christian Reimers, Basil Kraft, Markus Reichstein, Andrew D. Richardson, Lisa Wingate, Nicolas Delpierre, Hui Yang, and Alexander J. Winkler
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 6683–6701, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-6683-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-6683-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our study employs long short-term memory (LSTM) networks to model canopy greenness and phenology, integrating meteorological memory effects. The LSTM model outperforms traditional methods, enhancing accuracy in predicting greenness dynamics and phenological transitions across plant functional types. Highlighting the importance of multi-variate meteorological memory effects, our research pioneers unlock the secrets of vegetation phenology responses to climate change with deep learning techniques.
Luiz A. T. Machado, Jürgen Kesselmeier, Santiago Botía, Hella van Asperen, Meinrat O. Andreae, Alessandro C. de Araújo, Paulo Artaxo, Achim Edtbauer, Rosaria R. Ferreira, Marco A. Franco, Hartwig Harder, Sam P. Jones, Cléo Q. Dias-Júnior, Guido G. Haytzmann, Carlos A. Quesada, Shujiro Komiya, Jost Lavric, Jos Lelieveld, Ingeborg Levin, Anke Nölscher, Eva Pfannerstill, Mira L. Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, Akima Ringsdorf, Luciana Rizzo, Ana M. Yáñez-Serrano, Susan Trumbore, Wanda I. D. Valenti, Jordi Vila-Guerau de Arellano, David Walter, Jonathan Williams, Stefan Wolff, and Christopher Pöhlker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8893–8910, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8893-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8893-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Composite analysis of gas concentration before and after rainfall, during the day and night, gives insight into the complex relationship between trace gas variability and precipitation. The analysis helps us to understand the sources and sinks of trace gases within a forest ecosystem. It elucidates processes that are not discernible under undisturbed conditions and contributes to a deeper understanding of the trace gas life cycle and its intricate interactions with cloud dynamics in the Amazon.
Hella van Asperen, Thorsten Warneke, Alessandro Carioca de Araújo, Bruce Forsberg, Sávio José Filgueiras Ferreira, Thomas Röckmann, Carina van der Veen, Sipko Bulthuis, Leonardo Ramos de Oliveira, Thiago de Lima Xavier, Jailson da Mata, Marta de Oliveira Sá, Paulo Ricardo Teixeira, Julie Andrews de França e Silva, Susan Trumbore, and Justus Notholt
Biogeosciences, 21, 3183–3199, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3183-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3183-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is regarded as an important indirect greenhouse gas. Soils can emit and take up CO, but, until now, uncertainty remains as to which process dominates in tropical rainforests. We present the first soil CO flux measurements from a tropical rainforest. Based on our observations, we report that tropical rainforest soils are a net source of CO. In addition, we show that valley streams and inundated areas are likely additional hot spots of CO in the ecosystem.
Maximiliano González-Sosa, Carlos A. Sierra, J. Andrés Quincke, Walter E. Baethgen, Susan Trumbore, and M. Virginia Pravia
SOIL, 10, 467–486, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-10-467-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-10-467-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Based on an approach that involved soil organic carbon (SOC) monitoring, radiocarbon measurement in bulk soil, and incubations from a long-term 60-year experiment, it was concluded that the avoidance of old carbon losses in the integrated crop–pasture systems is the main reason that explains their greater carbon storage capacities compared to continuous cropping. A better understanding of these processes is essential for making agronomic decisions to increase the carbon sequestration capacity.
Sinikka J. Paulus, Rene Orth, Sung-Ching Lee, Anke Hildebrandt, Martin Jung, Jacob A. Nelson, Tarek Sebastian El-Madany, Arnaud Carrara, Gerardo Moreno, Matthias Mauder, Jannis Groh, Alexander Graf, Markus Reichstein, and Mirco Migliavacca
Biogeosciences, 21, 2051–2085, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2051-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2051-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Porous materials are known to reversibly trap water from the air, even at low humidity. However, this behavior is poorly understood for soils. In this analysis, we test whether eddy covariance is able to measure the so-called adsorption of atmospheric water vapor by soils. We find that this flux occurs frequently during dry nights in a Mediterranean ecosystem, while EC detects downwardly directed vapor fluxes. These results can help to map moisture uptake globally.
Martin Jung, Jacob Nelson, Mirco Migliavacca, Tarek El-Madany, Dario Papale, Markus Reichstein, Sophia Walther, and Thomas Wutzler
Biogeosciences, 21, 1827–1846, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1827-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1827-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present a methodology to detect inconsistencies in perhaps the most important data source for measurements of ecosystem–atmosphere carbon, water, and energy fluxes. We expect that the derived consistency flags will be relevant for data users and will help in improving our understanding of and our ability to model ecosystem–climate interactions.
Richard Nair, Yunpeng Luo, Tarek El-Madany, Victor Rolo, Javier Pacheco-Labrador, Silvia Caldararu, Kendalynn A. Morris, Marion Schrumpf, Arnaud Carrara, Gerardo Moreno, Markus Reichstein, and Mirco Migliavacca
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2434, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2434, 2023
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
We studied a Mediterranean ecosystem to understand carbon uptake efficiency and its controls. These ecosystems face potential nitrogen-phosphorus imbalances due to pollution. Analysing six years of carbon data, we assessed controls at different timeframes. This is crucial for predicting such vulnerable regions. Our findings revealed N limitation on C uptake, not N:P imbalance, and strong influence of water availability. whether drought or wetness promoted net C uptake depended on timescale.
Adriana Simonetti, Raquel Fernandes Araujo, Carlos Henrique Souza Celes, Flávia Ranara da Silva e Silva, Joaquim dos Santos, Niro Higuchi, Susan Trumbore, and Daniel Magnabosco Marra
Biogeosciences, 20, 3651–3666, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3651-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3651-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We combined 2 years of monthly drone-acquired RGB (red–green–blue) imagery with field surveys in a central Amazon forest. Our results indicate that small gaps associated with branch fall were the most frequent. Biomass losses were partially controlled by gap area, with branch fall and snapping contributing the least and greatest relative values, respectively. Our study highlights the potential of drone images for monitoring canopy dynamics in dense tropical forests.
Shane W. Stoner, Marion Schrumpf, Alison Hoyt, Carlos A. Sierra, Sebastian Doetterl, Valier Galy, and Susan Trumbore
Biogeosciences, 20, 3151–3163, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Soils store more carbon (C) than any other terrestrial C reservoir, but the processes that control how much C stays in soil, and for how long, are very complex. Here, we used a recent method that involves heating soil in the lab to measure the range of C ages in soil. We found that most C in soil is decades to centuries old, while some stays for much shorter times (days to months), and some is thousands of years old. Such detail helps us to estimate how soil C may react to changing climate.
A. Elia, M. Pickering, M. Girardello, G. Oton, G. Ceccherini, S. Capobianco, M. Piccardo, G. Forzieri, M. Migliavacca, and A. Cescatti
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-4-W7-2023, 41–46, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-4-W7-2023-41-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-4-W7-2023-41-2023, 2023
Sinikka Jasmin Paulus, Tarek Sebastian El-Madany, René Orth, Anke Hildebrandt, Thomas Wutzler, Arnaud Carrara, Gerardo Moreno, Oscar Perez-Priego, Olaf Kolle, Markus Reichstein, and Mirco Migliavacca
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 6263–6287, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6263-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6263-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we analyze small inputs of water to ecosystems such as fog, dew, and adsorption of vapor. To measure them, we use a scaling system and later test our attribution of different water fluxes to weight changes. We found that they occur frequently during 1 year in a dry summer ecosystem. In each season, a different flux seems dominant, but they all mainly occur during the night. Therefore, they could be important for the biosphere because rain is unevenly distributed over the year.
Jeffrey Prescott Beem-Miller, Craig Rasmussen, Alison May Hoyt, Marion Schrumpf, Georg Guggenberger, and Susan Trumbore
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1083, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1083, 2022
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
We compared the age of persistent soil organic matter as well as active emissions of carbon dioxide from soils across a gradient of climate and geology. We found that clay minerals are more important than mean annual temperature for both persistent and actively cycling soil carbon, and that they may attenuate the sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition to temperature. Accounting for geology and soil development could therefore improve estimates of soil carbon stocks and changes.
Yilin Fang, L. Ruby Leung, Charles D. Koven, Gautam Bisht, Matteo Detto, Yanyan Cheng, Nate McDowell, Helene Muller-Landau, S. Joseph Wright, and Jeffrey Q. Chambers
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 7879–7901, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7879-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7879-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We develop a model that integrates an Earth system model with a three-dimensional hydrology model to explicitly resolve hillslope topography and water flow underneath the land surface to understand how local-scale hydrologic processes modulate vegetation along water availability gradients. Our coupled model can be used to improve the understanding of the diverse impact of local heterogeneity and water flux on nutrient availability and plant communities.
Xin Yu, René Orth, Markus Reichstein, Michael Bahn, Anne Klosterhalfen, Alexander Knohl, Franziska Koebsch, Mirco Migliavacca, Martina Mund, Jacob A. Nelson, Benjamin D. Stocker, Sophia Walther, and Ana Bastos
Biogeosciences, 19, 4315–4329, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4315-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4315-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Identifying drought legacy effects is challenging because they are superimposed on variability driven by climate conditions in the recovery period. We develop a residual-based approach to quantify legacies on gross primary productivity (GPP) from eddy covariance data. The GPP reduction due to legacy effects is comparable to the concurrent effects at two sites in Germany, which reveals the importance of legacy effects. Our novel methodology can be used to quantify drought legacies elsewhere.
Rachael Akinyede, Martin Taubert, Marion Schrumpf, Susan Trumbore, and Kirsten Küsel
Biogeosciences, 19, 4011–4028, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4011-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4011-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Soils will likely become warmer in the future, and this can increase the release of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. As microbes can take up soil CO2 and prevent further escape into the atmosphere, this study compares the rate of uptake and release of CO2 at two different temperatures. With warming, the rate of CO2 uptake increases less than the rate of release, indicating that the capacity to modulate soil CO2 release into the atmosphere will decrease under future warming.
Sophia Walther, Simon Besnard, Jacob Allen Nelson, Tarek Sebastian El-Madany, Mirco Migliavacca, Ulrich Weber, Nuno Carvalhais, Sofia Lorena Ermida, Christian Brümmer, Frederik Schrader, Anatoly Stanislavovich Prokushkin, Alexey Vasilevich Panov, and Martin Jung
Biogeosciences, 19, 2805–2840, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2805-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2805-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Satellite observations help interpret station measurements of local carbon, water, and energy exchange between the land surface and the atmosphere and are indispensable for simulations of the same in land surface models and their evaluation. We propose generalisable and efficient approaches to systematically ensure high quality and to estimate values in data gaps. We apply them to satellite data of surface reflectance and temperature with different resolutions at the stations.
J. Pacheco-Labrador, U. Weber, X. Ma, M. D. Mahecha, N. Carvalhais, C. Wirth, A. Huth, F. J. Bohn, G. Kraemer, U. Heiden, FunDivEUROPE members, and M. Migliavacca
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVI-1-W1-2021, 49–55, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-1-W1-2021-49-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-1-W1-2021-49-2022, 2022
Josephin Kroll, Jasper M. C. Denissen, Mirco Migliavacca, Wantong Li, Anke Hildebrandt, and Rene Orth
Biogeosciences, 19, 477–489, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-477-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-477-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Plant growth relies on having access to energy (solar radiation) and water (soil moisture). This energy and water availability is impacted by weather extremes, like heat waves and droughts, which will occur more frequently in response to climate change. In this context, we analysed global satellite data to detect in which regions extreme plant growth is controlled by energy or water. We find that extreme plant growth is associated with temperature- or soil-moisture-related extremes.
Sophie F. von Fromm, Alison M. Hoyt, Markus Lange, Gifty E. Acquah, Ermias Aynekulu, Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, Stephan M. Haefele, Steve P. McGrath, Keith D. Shepherd, Andrew M. Sila, Johan Six, Erick K. Towett, Susan E. Trumbore, Tor-G. Vågen, Elvis Weullow, Leigh A. Winowiecki, and Sebastian Doetterl
SOIL, 7, 305–332, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-305-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-305-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated various soil and climate properties that influence soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations in sub-Saharan Africa. Our findings indicate that climate and geochemistry are equally important for explaining SOC variations. The key SOC-controlling factors are broadly similar to those for temperate regions, despite differences in soil development history between the two regions.
Rafael Poyatos, Víctor Granda, Víctor Flo, Mark A. Adams, Balázs Adorján, David Aguadé, Marcos P. M. Aidar, Scott Allen, M. Susana Alvarado-Barrientos, Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira, Luiza Maria Aparecido, M. Altaf Arain, Ismael Aranda, Heidi Asbjornsen, Robert Baxter, Eric Beamesderfer, Z. Carter Berry, Daniel Berveiller, Bethany Blakely, Johnny Boggs, Gil Bohrer, Paul V. Bolstad, Damien Bonal, Rosvel Bracho, Patricia Brito, Jason Brodeur, Fernando Casanoves, Jérôme Chave, Hui Chen, Cesar Cisneros, Kenneth Clark, Edoardo Cremonese, Hongzhong Dang, Jorge S. David, Teresa S. David, Nicolas Delpierre, Ankur R. Desai, Frederic C. Do, Michal Dohnal, Jean-Christophe Domec, Sebinasi Dzikiti, Colin Edgar, Rebekka Eichstaedt, Tarek S. El-Madany, Jan Elbers, Cleiton B. Eller, Eugénie S. Euskirchen, Brent Ewers, Patrick Fonti, Alicia Forner, David I. Forrester, Helber C. Freitas, Marta Galvagno, Omar Garcia-Tejera, Chandra Prasad Ghimire, Teresa E. Gimeno, John Grace, André Granier, Anne Griebel, Yan Guangyu, Mark B. Gush, Paul J. Hanson, Niles J. Hasselquist, Ingo Heinrich, Virginia Hernandez-Santana, Valentine Herrmann, Teemu Hölttä, Friso Holwerda, James Irvine, Supat Isarangkool Na Ayutthaya, Paul G. Jarvis, Hubert Jochheim, Carlos A. Joly, Julia Kaplick, Hyun Seok Kim, Leif Klemedtsson, Heather Kropp, Fredrik Lagergren, Patrick Lane, Petra Lang, Andrei Lapenas, Víctor Lechuga, Minsu Lee, Christoph Leuschner, Jean-Marc Limousin, Juan Carlos Linares, Maj-Lena Linderson, Anders Lindroth, Pilar Llorens, Álvaro López-Bernal, Michael M. Loranty, Dietmar Lüttschwager, Cate Macinnis-Ng, Isabelle Maréchaux, Timothy A. Martin, Ashley Matheny, Nate McDowell, Sean McMahon, Patrick Meir, Ilona Mészáros, Mirco Migliavacca, Patrick Mitchell, Meelis Mölder, Leonardo Montagnani, Georgianne W. Moore, Ryogo Nakada, Furong Niu, Rachael H. Nolan, Richard Norby, Kimberly Novick, Walter Oberhuber, Nikolaus Obojes, A. Christopher Oishi, Rafael S. Oliveira, Ram Oren, Jean-Marc Ourcival, Teemu Paljakka, Oscar Perez-Priego, Pablo L. Peri, Richard L. Peters, Sebastian Pfautsch, William T. Pockman, Yakir Preisler, Katherine Rascher, George Robinson, Humberto Rocha, Alain Rocheteau, Alexander Röll, Bruno H. P. Rosado, Lucy Rowland, Alexey V. Rubtsov, Santiago Sabaté, Yann Salmon, Roberto L. Salomón, Elisenda Sánchez-Costa, Karina V. R. Schäfer, Bernhard Schuldt, Alexandr Shashkin, Clément Stahl, Marko Stojanović, Juan Carlos Suárez, Ge Sun, Justyna Szatniewska, Fyodor Tatarinov, Miroslav Tesař, Frank M. Thomas, Pantana Tor-ngern, Josef Urban, Fernando Valladares, Christiaan van der Tol, Ilja van Meerveld, Andrej Varlagin, Holm Voigt, Jeffrey Warren, Christiane Werner, Willy Werner, Gerhard Wieser, Lisa Wingate, Stan Wullschleger, Koong Yi, Roman Zweifel, Kathy Steppe, Maurizio Mencuccini, and Jordi Martínez-Vilalta
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 2607–2649, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2607-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2607-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Transpiration is a key component of global water balance, but it is poorly constrained from available observations. We present SAPFLUXNET, the first global database of tree-level transpiration from sap flow measurements, containing 202 datasets and covering a wide range of ecological conditions. SAPFLUXNET and its accompanying R software package
sapfluxnetrwill facilitate new data syntheses on the ecological factors driving water use and drought responses of trees and forests.
Christopher Krich, Mirco Migliavacca, Diego G. Miralles, Guido Kraemer, Tarek S. El-Madany, Markus Reichstein, Jakob Runge, and Miguel D. Mahecha
Biogeosciences, 18, 2379–2404, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2379-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2379-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Ecosystems and the atmosphere interact with each other. These interactions determine e.g. the water and carbon fluxes and thus are crucial to understand climate change effects. We analysed the interactions for many ecosystems across the globe, showing that very different ecosystems can have similar interactions with the atmosphere. Meteorological conditions seem to be the strongest interaction-shaping factor. This means that common principles can be identified to describe ecosystem behaviour.
María P. González-Dugo, Xuelong Chen, Ana Andreu, Elisabet Carpintero, Pedro J. Gómez-Giraldez, Arnaud Carrara, and Zhongbo Su
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 755–768, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-755-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-755-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Drought is a devastating natural hazard and difficult to define, detect and quantify. Global meteorological data and remote-sensing products present new opportunities to characterize drought in an objective way. In this paper, we applied the surface energy balance model SEBS to estimate monthly evapotranspiration (ET) from 2001 to 2018 over the dehesa area of the Iberian Peninsula. ET anomalies were used to identify the main drought events and analyze their impacts on dehesa vegetation.
Marion Schrumpf, Klaus Kaiser, Allegra Mayer, Günter Hempel, and Susan Trumbore
Biogeosciences, 18, 1241–1257, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1241-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1241-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A large amount of organic carbon (OC) in soil is protected against decay by bonding to minerals. We studied the release of mineral-bonded OC by NaF–NaOH extraction and H2O2 oxidation. Unexpectedly, extraction and oxidation removed mineral-bonded OC at roughly constant portions and of similar age distributions, irrespective of mineral composition, land use, and soil depth. The results suggest uniform modes of interactions between OC and minerals across soils in quasi-steady state with inputs.
Jan Pisek, Angela Erb, Lauri Korhonen, Tobias Biermann, Arnaud Carrara, Edoardo Cremonese, Matthias Cuntz, Silvano Fares, Giacomo Gerosa, Thomas Grünwald, Niklas Hase, Michal Heliasz, Andreas Ibrom, Alexander Knohl, Johannes Kobler, Bart Kruijt, Holger Lange, Leena Leppänen, Jean-Marc Limousin, Francisco Ramon Lopez Serrano, Denis Loustau, Petr Lukeš, Lars Lundin, Riccardo Marzuoli, Meelis Mölder, Leonardo Montagnani, Johan Neirynck, Matthias Peichl, Corinna Rebmann, Eva Rubio, Margarida Santos-Reis, Crystal Schaaf, Marius Schmidt, Guillaume Simioni, Kamel Soudani, and Caroline Vincke
Biogeosciences, 18, 621–635, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-621-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-621-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Understory vegetation is the most diverse, least understood component of forests worldwide. Understory communities are important drivers of overstory succession and nutrient cycling. Multi-angle remote sensing enables us to describe surface properties by means that are not possible when using mono-angle data. Evaluated over an extensive set of forest ecosystem experimental sites in Europe, our reported method can deliver good retrievals, especially over different forest types with open canopies.
Cited articles
Abramoff, R. Z. and Finzi, A. C.: Seasonality and partitioning of root
allocation to rhizosphere soils in a midlatitude forest, Ecosphere, 7,
e01547, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1547, 2016.
Amthor, J. S.: Efficiency of lignin biosynthesis: a quantitative analysis, Ann. Bot.-London, 91, 673–695, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcg073, 2003.
Angert, A. and Sherer, Y.: Determining the relationship between tree-stem
respiration and CO2 efflux by δO2∕Ar measurements,
Rapid Commun. Mass Sp., 25, 1752–1756, https://doi.org/10.1002/Rcm.5042, 2011.
Angert, A., Muhr, J., Negron Juarez, R., Alegria Muñoz, W., Kraemer, G.,
Ramirez Santillan, J., Barkan, E., Mazeh, S., Chambers, J. Q., and Trumbore,
S. E.: Internal respiration of Amazon tree stems greatly exceeds external
CO2 efflux, Biogeosciences, 9, 4979–4991,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4979-2012, 2012.
Aranda, I., Gil, L., and Pardos, J. A.: Seasonal changes in apparent
hydraulic conductance and their implications for water use of European beech
(Fagus sylvatica L.) and sessile oak [Quercus petraea
(Matt.) Liebl] in South Europe, Plant Ecol., 179, 155–167,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-004-7007-1, 2005.
Aubrey, D. P. and Teskey, R. O.: Root-derived CO2 efflux via xylem
stream rivals soil CO2 efflux, New Phytol., 184, 35–40,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02971.x, 2009.
Ávila, E., Herrera, A., and Tezara, W.: Contribution of stem
CO2 fixation to whole-plant carbon balance in nonsucculent species,
Photosynthetica, 52, 3–15, 2014.
Berveiller, D. and Damesin, C.: Carbon assimilation by tree stems: potential
involvement of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, Trees-Struct.
Funct., 22, 149–157, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-007-0193-4, 2008.
Bloemen, J., McGuire, M. A., Aubrey, D. P., Teskey, R. O., and Steppe, K.:
Transport of root-respired CO2 via the transpiration stream affects
aboveground carbon assimilation and CO2 efflux in trees, New
Phytol., 197, 555–565, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04366.x, 2013.
Bowman, W. P., Barbour, M. M., Turnbull, M. H., Tissue, D. T., Whitehead, D.,
and Griffin, K. L.: Sap flow rates and sapwood density are critical factors
in within- and between-tree variation in CO2 efflux from stems of
mature Dacrydium cupressinum trees, New Phytol., 167, 815–828,
doi10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01478.x, 2005.
doi10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01478.x, 2005.
Bucci, S. J., Goldstein, G., Meinzer, F. C., Franco, A. C., Campanello, P.,
and Scholz, F. G.: Mechanisms contributing to seasonal homeostasis of minimum
leaf water potential and predawn disequilibrium between soil and plant water
potential in Neotropical savanna trees, Trees, 19, 296–304,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-004-0391-2, 2005.
Carbone, M. S., Czimczik, C. I., Keenan, T. F., Murakami, P. F., Pederson,
N., Schaberg, P. G., Xu, X., and Richardson, A. D.: Age, allocation and
availability of nonstructural carbon in mature red maple trees, New Phytol.,
200, 1145–1155, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12448, 2013.
De Vries, F. W. T. P., Brunsting, A. H. M., and Van Laar, H. H.: Products,
requirements and efficiency of biosynthesis a quantitative approach, J.
Theor. Biol., 45, 339–377, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5193(74)90119-2, 1974.
Finzi, A. C., Abramoff, R. Z., Spiller, K. S., Brzostek, E. R., Darby, B. A.,
Kramer, M. A., and Phillips, R. P.: Rhizosphere processes are quantitatively
important components of terrestrial carbon and nutrient cycles, Glob. Change
Biol., 21, 2082–2094, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12816, 2015.
Fischer, S., Hanf, S., Frosch, T., Gleixner, G., Popp, J., Trumbore, S., and
Hartmann, H.: Pinus sylvestris switches respiration substrates under shading
but not during drought, New Phytol., 207, 542–550, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13452,
2015.
Gessler, A., Tcherkez, G., Karyanto, O., Keitel, C., Ferrio, J. P.,
Ghashghaie, J., Kreuzwieser, J., and Farquhar, G. D.: On the metabolic origin
of the carbon isotope composition of CO2 evolved from darkened
light-acclimated leaves in Ricinus communis, New Phytol., 181, 374–386,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02672.x, 2009.
Gevantman, L. H.: Solubility of Selected Gases in Water, in: CRC Handbook of
Cemistry and Physics, edited by: Rumble, J. R., CRC press/Taylor and Francis,
Boca Raton, FL, 2018.
Griffin, K. L. and Prager, C. M.: Where does the carbon go? Thermal
acclimation of respiration and increased photosynthesis in trees at the
temperate-boreal ecotone, Tree Physiol., 37, 281–284,
https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpw133, 2017.
Hanf, S., Fischer, S., Hartmann, H., Keiner, R., Trumbore, S., Popp, J., and
Frosch, T.: Online investigation of respiratory quotients in Pinus sylvestris
and Picea abies during drought and shading by means of cavity-enhanced Raman
multi-gas spectrometry, Analyst, 140, 4473–4481, https://doi.org/10.1039/c5an00402k,
2015.
Hartmann, H. and Trumbore, S.: Understanding the roles of nonstructural
carbohydrates in forest trees – from what we can measure to what we want to
know, New Phytol., 211, 386–403, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13955, 2016.
Hibberd, J. M. and Quick, W. P.: Characteristics of C4 photosynthesis in
stems and petioles of C3 flowering plants, Nature, 415, 451–454,
https://doi.org/10.1038/415451a, 2002.
Hilman, B. and Angert, A.: Measuring the ratio of CO2 efflux to
O2 influx in tree stem respiration, Tree Physiol., 36, 1422,
https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpw057,
2016.
Hoch, G., Richter, A., and Körner, C.: Non-structural carbon compounds in
temperate forest trees, Plant Cell Environ., 26, 1067–1081,
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0016-8025.2003.01032.x, 2003.
Hoffland, E., Van Den Boogaard, R., Nelemans, J., and Findenegg, G.:
Biosynthesis and root exudation of citric and malic acids in
phosphate-starved rape plants, New Phytol., 122, 675–680,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1992.tb00096.x, 1992.
Höll, W.: Dark CO2 fixation by cell-free preparations of the
wood of Robinia pseudoacacia, Can. J. Bot., 52, 727–734,
https://doi.org/10.1139/b74-094, 1974.
Hölttä, T. and Kolari, P.: Interpretation of stem CO2
efflux measurements, Tree Physiol., 29, 1447–1456,
https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpp073, 2009.
Huber, S. C. and Edwards, G. E.: Inhibition of phosphoenolpyruvate
carboxylase from C4 plants by malate and aspartate, Can. J. Bot., 53,
1925–1933, https://doi.org/10.1139/b75-216, 1975.
Ivanov, A. G., Krol, M., Sveshnikov, D., Malmberg, G., Gardeström, P.,
Hurry, V., Öquist, G., and Huner, N. P. A.: Characterization of the
photosynthetic apparatus in cortical bark chlorenchyma of Scots pine, Planta,
223, 1165, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-005-0164-1, 2005.
Kai, Y., Matsumura, H., Inoue, T., Terada, K., Nagara, Y., Yoshinaga, T.,
Kihara, A., Tsumura, K., and Izui, K.: Three-dimensional structure of
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase: a proposed mechanism for allosteric
inhibition, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 823–828, 1999.
Lambers, H., Chapin III, F. S., and Pons, T. L.: Plant Physiological Ecology,
2nd Edn., Springer, New York, NY, 610 pp., 2008.
Levy, P. E., Meir, P., Allen, S. J., and Jarvis, P. G.: The effect of aqueous
transport of CO2 in xylem sap on gas exchange in woody plants, Tree
Physiol., 19, 53–58, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/19.1.53, 1999.
Maier, C. A. and Clinton, B. D.: Relationship between stem CO2
efflux, stem sap velocity and xylem CO2 concentration in young
loblolly pine trees, Plant Cell Environ., 29, 1471–1483,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2006.01511.x, 2006.
Massman, W. J.: A review of the molecular diffusivities of H2O,
CO2, CH4, CO, O3, SO2, NH3,
N2O, NO, and NO2 in air, O2 and N2
near STP, Atmos. Environ., 32, 1111–1127, https://doi.org/10.1016/s1352-2310(97)00391-9,
1998.
McGuire, M. A. and Teskey, R. O.: Estimating stem respiration in trees by a
mass balance approach that accounts for internal and external fluxes of
CO2, Tree Physiol., 24, 571–578, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/24.5.571,
2004.
McGuire, M. A., Cerasoli, S., and Teskey, R. O.: CO2 fluxes and
respiration of branch segments of sycamore (Platanus occidentalis
L.) examined at different sap velocities, branch diameters, and temperatures,
J. Exp. Bot., 58, 2159–2168, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erm069, 2007.
McGuire, M. A., Marshall, J. D., and Teskey, R. O.: Assimilation of
xylem-transported 13C-labelled CO2 in leaves and branches
of sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.), J. Exp. Bot., 60,
3809–3817, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erp222, 2009.
Muhr, J., Angert, A., Negrón-Juárez, R. I., Muñoz, W. A.,
Kraemer, G., Chambers, J. Q., and Trumbore, S. E.: Carbon dioxide emitted
from live stems of tropical trees is several years old, Tree Physiol.,
https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpt049, 2013.
Perez-Priego, O., El-Madany, T. S., Migliavacca, M., Kowalski, A. S., Jung,
M., Carrara, A., Kolle, O., Martín, M. P., Pacheco-Labrador, J., Moreno,
G., and Reichstein, M.: Evaluation of eddy covariance latent heat fluxes with
independent lysimeter and sapflow estimates in a Mediterranean savannah
ecosystem, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 236, 87–99,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.01.009, 2017.
Pfanz, H., Aschan, G., Langenfeld-Heyser, R., Wittmann, C., and Loose, M.:
Ecology and ecophysiology of tree stems: corticular and wood photosynthesis,
Naturwissenschaften, 89, 147–162, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-002-0309-z, 2002.
Plaxton, W. C. and Podestá, F. E.: The Functional Organization and
Control of Plant Respiration, Crit. Rev. Plant Sci., 25, 159–198,
https://doi.org/10.1080/07352680600563876, 2006.
Powers, E. M. and Marshall, J. D.: Pulse labeling of dissolved
13C-carbonate into tree xylem: developing a new method to determine
the fate of recently fixed photosynthate, Rapid Commun. Mass Sp., 25, 33–40,
https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4829, 2011.
Pruyn, M. L., Gartner, B. L., and Harmon, M. E.: Respiratory potential in
sapwood of old versus young ponderosa pine trees in the Pacific Northwest,
Tree Physiol., 22, 105–116, 2002.
Salomón, R. L., De Schepper, V., Valbuena-Carabaña, M., Gil, L., and
Steppe, K.: Daytime depression in temperature-normalised stem CO2
efflux in young poplar trees is dominated by low turgor pressure rather than
by internal transport of respired CO2, New Phytol., 217, 586–598,
https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14831, 2018.
Sayer, E. J. and Tanner, E. V.: Experimental investigation of the importance
of litterfall in lowland semi-evergreen tropical forest nutrient cycling,
J. Ecol., 98, 1052–1062, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01680.x, 2010.
Schill, V., Hartung, W., Orthen, B., and Weisenseel, M. H.: The xylem sap of
maple (Acer platanoides) trees – sap obtained by a novel method
shows changes with season and height, J. Exp. Bot., 47, 123–133,
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/47.1.123, 1996.
Scholander, P. F., Bradstreet, E. D., Hemmingsen, E. A., and Hammel, H. T.:
Sap Pressure in Vascular Plants: Negative hydrostatic pressure can be
measured in plants, Science, 148, 339–346, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.148.3668.339,
1965.
Shane, M. W., Cramer, M. D., Funayama-Noguchi, S., Cawthray, G. R., Millar,
A. H., Day, D. A., and Lambers, H.: Developmental Physiology of Cluster-Root
Carboxylate Synthesis and Exudation in Harsh Hakea. Expression of
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase and the Alternative Oxidase, Plant Physiol.,
135, 549–560, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.103.035659, 2004.
Sinnott, E. W.: Factors Determining Character and Distribution of Food
Reserve in Woody Plants, Bot. Gaz., 66, 162–175, https://doi.org/10.1086/332321,
1918.
Sorz, J. and Hietz, P.: Gas diffusion through wood: implications for oxygen
supply, Trees-Struct. Funct., 20, 34–41, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-005-0010-x,
2006.
Steppe, K., Saveyn, A., McGuire, M. A., Lemeur, R., and Teskey, R. O.:
Resistance to radial CO2 diffusion contributes to between-tree
variation in CO2 efflux of Populus deltoides stems, Funct. Plant
Biol., 34, 785–792, https://doi.org/10.1071/FP07077, 2007.
Teskey, R. and McGuire, M.: Measurement of stem respiration of sycamore
(Platanus occidentalis L.) trees involves internal and external
fluxes of CO2 and possible transport of CO2 from roots,
Plant Cell Environ., 30, 570–579, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01649.x,
2007.
Teskey, R. O. and McGuire, M. A.: Carbon dioxide transport in xylem causes
errors in estimation of rates of respiration in stems and branches of trees,
Plant Cell Environ., 25, 1571–1577, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00961.x,
2002.
Teskey, R. O., Saveyn, A., Steppe, K., and McGuire, M. A.: Origin, fate and
significance of CO2 in tree stems, New Phytol., 177, 17–32,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02286.x, 2008.
Trumbore, S. E., Angert, A., Kunert, N., Muhr, J., and Chambers, J. Q.:
What's the flux? Unraveling how CO2 fluxes from trees reflect
underlying physiological processes, New Phytol., 197, 353–355,
https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12065, 2013.
Ubierna, N., Kumar, A. S., Cernusak, L. A., Pangle, R. E., Gag, P. J., and
Marshall, J. D.: Storage and transpiration have negligible effects on
δ13C of stem CO2 efflux in large conifer trees, Tree
Physiol., 29, 1563–1574, 2009.
Wright, S. J., Yavitt, J. B., Wurzburger, N., Turner, B. L., Tanner, E. V. J.,
Sayer, E. J., Santiago, L. S., Kaspari, M., Hedin, L. O., Harms, K. E., Garcia,
M. N., and Corre, M. D.: Potassium, phosphorus, or nitrogen limit root allocation,
tree growth, or litter production in a lowland tropical forest, Ecology, 92, 1616–1625, https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1558.1, 2011.
Yang, J., He, Y., Aubrey, D. P., Zhuang, Q., and Teskey, R. O.: Global
patterns and predictors of stem CO2 efflux in forest ecosystems,
Glob. Change Biol., 22, 1433–1444, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13188, 2016.
Short summary
Combined measurement of CO2 / O2 fluxes in tree stems suggested that on average 41 % of the respired CO2 was not emitted locally to the atmosphere. This finding strengthens the recognition that CO2 efflux from tree stems is not an accurate measure of respiration. The CO2 / O2 fluxes did not vary as expected if CO2 dissolution in the xylem sap was the main driver for the CO2 retention. We suggest the examination of refixation of respired CO2 as a possible mechanism for CO2 retention.
Combined measurement of CO2 / O2 fluxes in tree stems suggested that on average 41 % of the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint