Articles | Volume 9, issue 6
Biogeosciences, 9, 2177–2193, 2012
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2177-2012
© Author(s) 2012. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Special issue: Molecular biogeochemical provinces in the eastern Atlantic...
Biogeosciences, 9, 2177–2193, 2012
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2177-2012
© Author(s) 2012. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article 18 Jun 2012
Research article | 18 Jun 2012
Bacterial assemblages of the eastern Atlantic Ocean reveal both vertical and latitudinal biogeographic signatures
C. J. Friedline et al.
Related subject area
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function: Marine
Quantifying functional consequences of habitat degradation on a Caribbean coral reef
Enhanced chlorophyll-a concentration in the wake of Sable Island, eastern Canada, revealed by two decades of satellite observations: a response to grey seal population dynamics?
Population dynamics and reproduction strategies of planktonic foraminifera in the open ocean
The Bouraké semi-enclosed lagoon (New Caledonia) – a natural laboratory to study the lifelong adaptation of a coral reef ecosystem to extreme environmental conditions
Atypical, high-diversity assemblages of foraminifera in a mangrove estuary in northern Brazil
Permanent ectoplasmic structures in deep-sea Cibicides and Cibicidoides taxa – long-term observations at in situ pressure
Ideas and perspectives: Ushering the Indian Ocean into the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (UNDOSSD) through marine ecosystem research and operational services – an early career's take
Persistent effects of sand extraction on habitats and associated benthic communities in the German Bight
Spatial patterns of ectoenzymatic kinetics in relation to biogeochemical properties in the Mediterranean Sea and the concentration of the fluorogenic substrate used
Will community calcification reflect reef accretion on future, degraded coral reefs?
A 2-decade (1988–2009) record of diatom fluxes in the Mauritanian coastal upwelling: impact of low-frequency forcing and a two-step shift in the species composition
Review and syntheses: Impacts of turbidity flows on deep-sea benthic communities
Ideas and perspectives: When ocean acidification experiments are not the same, repeatability is not tested
The effect of the salinity, light regime and food source on carbon and nitrogen uptake in a benthic foraminifer
Changes in population depth distribution and oxygen stratification are involved in the current low condition of the eastern Baltic Sea cod (Gadus morhua)
Effects of spatial variability on the exposure of fish to hypoxia: a modeling analysis for the Gulf of Mexico
Plant genotype determines biomass response to flooding frequency in tidal wetlands
Factors controlling the competition between Phaeocystis and diatoms in the Southern Ocean and implications for carbon export fluxes
Characterization of particle-associated and free-living bacterial and archaeal communities along the water columns of the South China Sea
Adult life strategy affects distribution patterns in abyssal isopods – implications for conservation in Pacific nodule areas
Diversity and distribution of nitrogen fixation genes in the oxygen minimum zones of the world oceans
Structure and function of epipelagic mesozooplankton and their response to dust deposition events during the spring PEACETIME cruise in the Mediterranean Sea
Microbial diversity-informed modelling of polar marine ecosystem functions
Distribution of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical South Atlantic: depth hierarchy of controlling factors
Technical note: Estimating light-use efficiency of benthic habitats using underwater O2 eddy covariance
Ocean acidification reduces growth and grazing impact of Antarctic heterotrophic nanoflagellates
Dynamics of environmental conditions during the decline of a Cymodocea nodosa meadow
Megafauna community assessment of polymetallic-nodule fields with cameras: platform and methodology comparison
A meta-analysis on environmental drivers of marine phytoplankton C : N : P
Spatial and temporal variability in the response of phytoplankton and prokaryotes to B-vitamin amendments in an upwelling system
Biogeography and community structure of abyssal scavenging Amphipoda (Crustacea) in the Pacific Ocean
Are seamounts refuge areas for fauna from polymetallic nodule fields?
Ocean deoxygenation and copepods: coping with oxygen minimum zone variability
Unexpected high abyssal ophiuroid diversity in polymetallic nodule fields of the northeast Pacific Ocean and implications for conservation
Population dynamics of modern planktonic foraminifera in the western Barents Sea
Foraminiferal community response to seasonal anoxia in Lake Grevelingen (the Netherlands)
Light availability modulates the effects of warming in a marine N2 fixer
SiR-actin-labelled granules in foraminifera: patterns, dynamics, and hypotheses
Alpha and beta diversity patterns of polychaete assemblages across the nodule province of the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (equatorial Pacific)
Dimensions of marine phytoplankton diversity
The Arctic picoeukaryote Micromonas pusilla benefits from ocean acidification under constant and dynamic light
Flux variability of phyto- and zooplankton communities in the Mauritanian coastal upwelling between 2003 and 2008
Environmental factors influencing benthic communities in the oxygen minimum zones on the Angolan and Namibian margins
Hypoxia in mangroves: occurrence and impact on valuable tropical fish habitat
Calcification and latitudinal distribution of extant coccolithophores across the Drake Passage during late austral summer 2016
Distribution of free-living marine nematodes in the Clarion–Clipperton Zone: implications for future deep-sea mining scenarios
Characterizing photosymbiosis in modern planktonic foraminifera
Identifying areas prone to coastal hypoxia – the role of topography
Observations of deep-sea fishes and mobile scavengers from the abyssal DISCOL experimental mining area
Ocean acidification and high irradiance stimulate the photo-physiological fitness, growth and carbon production of the Antarctic cryptophyte Geminigera cryophila
Alice E. Webb, Didier M. de Bakker, Karline Soetaert, Tamara da Costa, Steven M. A. C. van Heuven, Fleur C. van Duyl, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Lennart J. de Nooijer
Biogeosciences, 18, 6501–6516, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6501-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6501-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The biogeochemical behaviour of shallow reef communities is quantified to better understand the impact of habitat degradation and species composition shifts on reef functioning. The reef communities investigated barely support reef functions that are usually ascribed to conventional coral reefs, and the overall biogeochemical behaviour is found to be similar regardless of substrate type. This suggests a decrease in functional diversity which may therefore limit services provided by this reef.
Emmanuel Devred, Andrea Hilborn, and Cornelia Elizabeth den Heyer
Biogeosciences, 18, 6115–6132, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6115-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6115-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A theoretical model of grey seal seasonal abundance on Sable Island (SI) coupled with chlorophyll-a concentration [chl-a] measured by satellite revealed the impact of seal nitrogen fertilization on the surrounding waters of SI, Canada. The increase in seals from about 100 000 in 2003 to about 360 000 in 2018 during the breeding season is consistent with an increase in [chl-a] leeward of SI. The increase in seal abundance explains 8 % of the [chl-a] increase.
Julie Meilland, Michael Siccha, Maike Kaffenberger, Jelle Bijma, and Michal Kucera
Biogeosciences, 18, 5789–5809, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5789-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5789-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Planktonic foraminifera population dynamics has long been assumed to be controlled by synchronous reproduction and ontogenetic vertical migration (OVM). Due to contradictory observations, this concept became controversial. We here test it in the Atlantic ocean for four species of foraminifera representing the main clades. Our observations support the existence of synchronised reproduction and OVM but show that more than half of the population does not follow the canonical trajectory.
Federica Maggioni, Mireille Pujo-Pay, Jérome Aucan, Carlo Cerrano, Barbara Calcinai, Claude Payri, Francesca Benzoni, Yves Letourneur, and Riccardo Rodolfo-Metalpa
Biogeosciences, 18, 5117–5140, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5117-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5117-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Based on current experimental evidence, climate change will affect up to 90 % of coral reefs worldwide. The originality of this study arises from our recent discovery of an exceptional study site where environmental conditions (temperature, pH, and oxygen) are even worse than those forecasted for the future.
While these conditions are generally recognized as unfavorable for marine life, we found a rich and abundant coral reef thriving under such extreme environmental conditions.
Nisan Sariaslan and Martin R. Langer
Biogeosciences, 18, 4073–4090, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4073-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4073-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Analyses of foraminiferal assemblages from the Mamanguape mangrove estuary (northern Brazil) revealed highly diverse, species-rich, and structurally complex biotas. The atypical fauna resembles shallow-water offshore assemblages and are interpreted to be the result of highly saline ocean waters penetrating deep into the estuary. The findings contrast with previous studies, have implications for the fossil record, and provide novel perspectives for reconstructing mangrove environments.
Jutta E. Wollenburg, Jelle Bijma, Charlotte Cremer, Ulf Bickmeyer, and Zora Mila Colomba Zittier
Biogeosciences, 18, 3903–3915, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3903-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3903-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Cultured at in situ high-pressure conditions Cibicides and Cibicidoides taxa develop lasting ectoplasmic structures that cannot be retracted or resorbed. An ectoplasmic envelope surrounds their test and may protect the shell, e.g. versus carbonate aggressive bottom water conditions. Ectoplasmic roots likely anchor the specimens in areas of strong bottom water currents, trees enable them to elevate themselves above ground, and twigs stabilize and guide the retractable pseudopodial network.
Kumar Nimit
Biogeosciences, 18, 3631–3635, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3631-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3631-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The Indian Ocean Rim hosts many of the underdeveloped and emerging economies that depend on ocean resources for the livelihood of millions. Operational ocean information services cater to the requirements of resource managers and end-users to efficiently harness resources, mitigate threats and ensure safety. This paper outlines existing tools and explores the ongoing research that has the potential to convert the findings into operational services in the near- to midterm.
Finn Mielck, Rune Michaelis, H. Christian Hass, Sarah Hertel, Caroline Ganal, and Werner Armonies
Biogeosciences, 18, 3565–3577, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3565-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3565-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Marine sand mining is becoming more and more important to nourish fragile coastlines that face global change. We investigated the largest sand extraction site in the German Bight. The study reveals that after more than 35 years of mining, the excavation pits are still detectable on the seafloor while the sediment composition has largely changed. The organic communities living in and on the seafloor were strongly decimated, and no recovery is observable towards previous conditions.
France Van Wambeke, Elvira Pulido, Philippe Catala, Julie Dinasquet, Kahina Djaoudi, Anja Engel, Marc Garel, Sophie Guasco, Barbara Marie, Sandra Nunige, Vincent Taillandier, Birthe Zäncker, and Christian Tamburini
Biogeosciences, 18, 2301–2323, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2301-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2301-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Michaelis–Menten kinetics were determined for alkaline phosphatase, aminopeptidase and β-glucosidase in the Mediterranean Sea. Although the ectoenzymatic-hydrolysis contribution to heterotrophic prokaryotic needs was high in terms of N, it was low in terms of C. This study points out the biases in interpretation of the relative differences in activities among the three tested enzymes in regard to the choice of added concentrations of fluorogenic substrates.
Coulson A. Lantz, William Leggat, Jessica L. Bergman, Alexander Fordyce, Charlotte Page, Thomas Mesaglio, and Tracy D. Ainsworth
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2021-61, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2021-61, 2021
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
Coral bleaching events continue to drive the degradation of coral reefs worldwide. In this study we measured rates of coral reef community calcification and photosynthesis during a reef-wide bleaching event. Despite a measured decline in coral health across several taxa, there was no change in overall community calcification and photosynthesis. These findings highlight potential limitations of these community-level metrics to reflect actual changes in coral health.
Oscar E. Romero, Simon Ramondenc, and Gerhard Fischer
Biogeosciences, 18, 1873–1891, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1873-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1873-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Upwelling intensity along NW Africa varies on the interannual to decadal timescale. Understanding its changes is key for the prediction of future changes of CO2 sequestration in the northeastern Atlantic. Based on a multiyear (1988–2009) sediment trap experiment at the site CBmeso, fluxes and the species composition of the diatom assemblage are presented. Our data help in establishing the scientific basis for forecasting and modeling future states of this ecosystem and its decadal changes.
Katharine T. Bigham, Ashley A. Rowden, Daniel Leduc, and David A. Bowden
Biogeosciences, 18, 1893–1908, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1893-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1893-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Turbidity flows – underwater avalanches – are large-scale physical disturbances believed to have profound impacts on productivity and diversity of benthic communities in the deep sea. We reviewed published studies and found that current evidence for changes in productivity is ambiguous at best, but the influence on regional and local diversity is clearer. We suggest study design criteria that may lead to a better understanding of large-scale disturbance effects on deep-sea benthos.
Phillip Williamson, Hans-Otto Pörtner, Steve Widdicombe, and Jean-Pierre Gattuso
Biogeosciences, 18, 1787–1792, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1787-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1787-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The reliability of ocean acidification research was challenged in early 2020 when a high-profile paper failed to corroborate previously observed impacts of high CO2 on the behaviour of coral reef fish. We now know the reason why: the
replicatedstudies differed in many ways. Open-minded and collaborative assessment of all research results, both negative and positive, remains the best way to develop process-based understanding of the impacts of ocean acidification on marine organisms.
Michael Lintner, Bianca Lintner, Wolfgang Wanek, Nina Keul, and Petra Heinz
Biogeosciences, 18, 1395–1406, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1395-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1395-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Foraminifera are unicellular marine organisms that play an important role in the marine element cycle. Changes of environmental parameters such as salinity or temperature have a significant impact on the faunal assemblages. Our experiments show that changes in salinity immediately influence the foraminiferal activity. Also the light regime has a significant impact on carbon or nitrogen processing in foraminifera which contain no kleptoplasts.
Michele Casini, Martin Hansson, Alessandro Orio, and Karin Limburg
Biogeosciences, 18, 1321–1331, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1321-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1321-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In the past 20 years the condition of the eastern Baltic cod has dropped, with large implications for the fishery. Our results show that simultaneously the cod population has moved deeper while low-oxygenated waters detrimental for cod growth have become shallower. Cod have thus dwelled more in detrimental waters, explaining the drop in its condition. This study, using long-term fish and hydrological monitoring data, evidences the impact of deoxygenation on fish biology and fishing.
Elizabeth D. LaBone, Kenneth A. Rose, Dubravko Justic, Haosheng Huang, and Lixia Wang
Biogeosciences, 18, 487–507, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-487-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-487-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The hypoxic zone is an area of low dissolved oxygen (DO) in the Gulf of Mexico. Fish can be killed by exposure to hypoxia and can be negatively impacted by exposure to low, nonlethal DO concentrations (sublethal DO). We found that high sublethal area resulted in higher exposure and DO variability had a small effect on exposure. There was a large variation in exposure among individuals, which when combined with spatial variability of DO, can result in an underestimation of exposure when averaged.
Svenja Reents, Peter Mueller, Hao Tang, Kai Jensen, and Stefanie Nolte
Biogeosciences, 18, 403–411, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-403-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-403-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
By conducting a flooding experiment with two genotypes of the salt-marsh grass Elymus athericus, we show considerable differences in biomass response to flooding within the same species. As biomass production plays a major role in sedimentation processes and thereby salt-marsh accretion, we emphasise the importance of taking intraspecific differences into account when evaluating ecosystem resilience to accelerated sea level rise.
Cara Nissen and Meike Vogt
Biogeosciences, 18, 251–283, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-251-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-251-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Using a regional Southern Ocean ecosystem model, we find that the relative importance of Phaeocystis and diatoms at high latitudes is controlled by iron and temperature variability, with light levels controlling the seasonal succession in coastal areas. Yet, biomass losses via aggregation and grazing matter as well. We show that the seasonal succession of Phaeocystis and diatoms impacts the seasonality of carbon export fluxes with ramifications for nutrient cycling and food web dynamics.
Jiangtao Li, Lingyuan Gu, Shijie Bai, Jie Wang, Lei Su, Bingbing Wei, Li Zhang, and Jiasong Fang
Biogeosciences, 18, 113–133, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-113-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-113-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Few studies have focused on the particle-attached (PA) and free-living (FL) microbes of the deep ocean. Here we determined PA and FL microbial communities along depth profiles of the SCS. PA and FL fractions accommodated divergent microbial compositions, and most of them are potentially generalists with PA and FL dual lifestyles. A potential vertical connectivity between surface-specific microbes and those in the deep ocean was indicated, likely through microbial attachment to sinking particles.
Saskia Brix, Karen J. Osborn, Stefanie Kaiser, Sarit B. Truskey, Sarah M. Schnurr, Nils Brenke, Marina Malyutina, and Pedro Martinez Arbizu
Biogeosciences, 17, 6163–6184, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6163-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6163-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Clarion–Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCZ) located in the Pacific is commercially the most important area of proposed manganese nodule mining. Extraction of this will influence the life and distribution of small deep-sea invertebrates like peracarid crustaceans, of which >90 % are undescribed species new to science. We are doing a species delimitation approach as baseline for an ecological interpretation of species distribution and discuss the results in light of future deep-sea conservation.
Amal Jayakumar and Bess B. Ward
Biogeosciences, 17, 5953–5966, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5953-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5953-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Diversity and community composition of nitrogen-fixing microbes in the three main oxygen minimum zones of the world ocean were investigated using nifH clone libraries. Representatives of three main clusters of nifH genes were detected. Sequences were most diverse in the surface waters. The most abundant OTUs were affiliated with Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria. The sequences were biogeographically distinct and the dominance of a few OTUs was commonly observed in OMZs in this (and other) studies.
Guillermo Feliú, Marc Pagano, Pamela Hidalgo, and François Carlotti
Biogeosciences, 17, 5417–5441, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5417-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5417-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The impact of Saharan dust deposition events on the Mediterranean Sea ecosystem was studied during a basin-scale survey (PEACETIME cruise, May–June 2017). Short-term responses of the zooplankton community were observed after episodic dust deposition events, highlighting the impact of these events on productivity up to the zooplankton level in the poorly fertilized pelagic ecosystems of the southern Mediterranean Sea.
Hyewon Heather Kim, Jeff S. Bowman, Ya-Wei Luo, Hugh W. Ducklow, Oscar M. Schofield, Deborah K. Steinberg, and Scott C. Doney
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-302, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-302, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Douglas Lessa, Raphaël Morard, Lukas Jonkers, Igor M. Venancio, Runa Reuter, Adrian Baumeister, Ana Luiza Albuquerque, and Michal Kucera
Biogeosciences, 17, 4313–4342, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4313-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4313-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We observed that living planktonic foraminifera had distinct vertically distributed communities across the Subtropical South Atlantic. In addition, a hierarchic alternation of environmental parameters was measured to control the distribution of planktonic foraminifer's species depending on the water depth. This implies that not only temperature but also productivity and subsurface processes are signed in fossil assemblages, which could be used to perform paleoceanographic reconstructions.
Karl M. Attard and Ronnie N. Glud
Biogeosciences, 17, 4343–4353, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4343-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4343-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Light-use efficiency defines the ability of primary producers to convert sunlight energy to primary production. This report provides a framework to compute hourly and daily light-use efficiency using underwater eddy covariance, a recent technological development that produces habitat-scale rates of primary production for many different habitat types. The approach, tested on measured flux data, provides a useful means to compare habitat productivity across time and space.
Stacy Deppeler, Kai G. Schulz, Alyce Hancock, Penelope Pascoe, John McKinlay, and Andrew Davidson
Biogeosciences, 17, 4153–4171, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4153-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4153-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Our study showed how ocean acidification can exert both direct and indirect influences on the interactions among trophic levels within the microbial loop. Microbial grazer abundance was reduced at CO2 concentrations at and above 634 µatm, while microbial communities increased in abundance, likely due to a reduction in being grazed. Such changes in predator–prey interactions with ocean acidification could have significant effects on the food web and biogeochemistry in the Southern Ocean.
Mirjana Najdek, Marino Korlević, Paolo Paliaga, Marsej Markovski, Ingrid Ivančić, Ljiljana Iveša, Igor Felja, and Gerhard J. Herndl
Biogeosciences, 17, 3299–3315, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3299-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3299-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The response of Cymodocea nodosa to environmental changes was reported during a 15-month period. The meadow decline was triggered in spring by the simultaneous reduction of available light in the water column and the creation of anoxic conditions in the rooted area. This disturbance was critical for the plant since it took place during its recruitment phase when metabolic needs are maximal and stored reserves minimal. The loss of such habitat-forming seagrass is a major environmental concern.
Timm Schoening, Autun Purser, Daniel Langenkämper, Inken Suck, James Taylor, Daphne Cuvelier, Lidia Lins, Erik Simon-Lledó, Yann Marcon, Daniel O. B. Jones, Tim Nattkemper, Kevin Köser, Martin Zurowietz, Jens Greinert, and Jose Gomes-Pereira
Biogeosciences, 17, 3115–3133, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3115-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3115-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Seafloor imaging is widely used in marine science and industry to explore and monitor areas of interest. The selection of the most appropriate imaging gear and deployment strategy depends on the target application. This paper compares imaging platforms like autonomous vehicles or towed camera frames and different deployment strategies of those in assessing the megafauna abundance of polymetallic-nodule fields. The deep-sea mining industry needs that information for robust impact monitoring.
Tatsuro Tanioka and Katsumi Matsumoto
Biogeosciences, 17, 2939–2954, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2939-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2939-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted an extensive literature survey (meta-analysis) on how the C : N : P ratio varies with change in key environmental drivers. We found that the expected reduction in nutrients and warming under the future climate change scenario is likely to result in increased C : P and C : N of marine phytoplankton. Further, our findings highlight the greater stoichiometric plasticity of eukaryotes over prokaryotes, which provide us insights on how to understand and model plankton.
Vanessa Joglar, Antero Prieto, Esther Barber-Lluch, Marta Hernández-Ruiz, Emilio Fernández, and Eva Teira
Biogeosciences, 17, 2807–2823, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2807-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2807-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Coastal marine ecosystems are among the most ecologically and economically productive areas providing a large fraction of ecosystem goods and services to human populations, and B vitamins have long been considered important growth factors for phytoplankton. Our findings indicate that the responses of microbial plankton to B-vitamin supply are mainly driven by the bacterial community composition and that microbial plankton in this area seems to be well adapted to cope with B-vitamin shortage.
Tasnim Patel, Henri Robert, Cedric D'Udekem D'Acoz, Koen Martens, Ilse De Mesel, Steven Degraer, and Isa Schön
Biogeosciences, 17, 2731–2744, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2731-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2731-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Exploitation of deep-sea resources in one of the largest ecosystems on the planet has rendered research of its biodiversity more urgent than ever before. We investigated the known habitats and connectivity of deep-sea scavenging amphipods and obtained important knowledge about several species. We also demonstrated that a long-term disturbance experiment has possibly reduced amphipod biodiversity. These data and further sampling expeditions are instrumental for formulating sustainable policies.
Daphne Cuvelier, Pedro A. Ribeiro, Sofia P. Ramalho, Daniel Kersken, Pedro Martinez Arbizu, and Ana Colaço
Biogeosciences, 17, 2657–2680, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2657-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2657-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Polymetallic nodule mining will remove hard substrata from the abyssal deep-sea floor. The only neighbouring ecosystems featuring hard substratum are seamounts, and their inhabiting fauna could aid in recovery post-mining. Nevertheless, first observations of seamount megafauna were very different from nodule-associated megafauna and showed little overlap. The possible uniqueness of these ecosystems implies that they should be included in management plans for the conservation of biodiversity.
Karen F. Wishner, Brad Seibel, and Dawn Outram
Biogeosciences, 17, 2315–2339, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2315-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2315-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Increasing deoxygenation and oxygen minimum zone expansion are consequences of global warming. Copepod species had different vertical distribution strategies and physiologies associated with oxygen profile variability (0–1000 m). Species (1) changed vertical distributions and maximum abundance depth, (2) shifted diapause depth, (3) changed diel vertical migration depths, or (4) changed epipelagic depth range in the aerobic mixed layer. Present-day variability helps predict future scenarios.
Magdalini Christodoulou, Timothy O'Hara, Andrew F. Hugall, Sahar Khodami, Clara F. Rodrigues, Ana Hilario, Annemiek Vink, and Pedro Martinez Arbizu
Biogeosciences, 17, 1845–1876, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1845-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1845-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Unexpectedly high diversity was revealed in areas licenced for polymetallic nodule mining exploration in the Pacific Ocean. For the first time, a comprehensive reference library including 287 novel ophiuroid sequences allocated to 43 species was produced. Differences in food availability along the nodule province of CCZ were reflected in the biodiversity patterns observed. The APEI3's dissimilarity with the exploration contract areas questions its ability to serve as a biodiversity reservoir.
Julie Meilland, Hélène Howa, Vivien Hulot, Isaline Demangel, Joëlle Salaün, and Thierry Garlan
Biogeosciences, 17, 1437–1450, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1437-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1437-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports on planktonic foraminifera (PF) diversity and distribution in the Barents Sea. The species Globigerinita uvula and Turborotalita quinqueloba dominate the water column while surface sediments are dominated by Neogloboquadrina pachyderma. We hypothesize the unusual dominance of G. uvula in the water to be a seasonal signal or a result of climate forcing. Size-normalized-protein concentrations of PF show a northward decrease, suggesting biomass to vary with the environment.
Julien Richirt, Bettina Riedel, Aurélia Mouret, Magali Schweizer, Dewi Langlet, Dorina Seitaj, Filip J. R. Meysman, Caroline P. Slomp, and Frans J. Jorissen
Biogeosciences, 17, 1415–1435, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1415-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1415-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The paper presents the response of benthic foraminiferal communities to seasonal absence of oxygen coupled with the presence of hydrogen sulfide, considered very harmful for several living organisms.
Our results suggest that the foraminiferal community mainly responds as a function of the duration of the adverse conditions.
This knowledge is especially useful to better understand the ecology of benthic foraminifera but also in the context of palaeoceanographic interpretations.
Xiangqi Yi, Fei-Xue Fu, David A. Hutchins, and Kunshan Gao
Biogeosciences, 17, 1169–1180, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1169-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1169-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Combined effects of warming and light intensity were estimated in N2-fixing cyanobacterium Trichodesmium. Its physiological responses to warming were significantly modulated by light, with growth peaking at 27 °C under the light-saturating condition but being non-responsive across the range of 23–31 °C under the light-limiting condition. Light shortage also weakened the acclimation ability of Trichodesmium to warming, making light-limited Trichodesmium more sensitive to acute temperature change.
Jan Goleń, Jarosław Tyszka, Ulf Bickmeyer, and Jelle Bijma
Biogeosciences, 17, 995–1011, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-995-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-995-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the organisation and dynamics of actin in foraminifera. Actin is one of the key structural proteins in most lifeforms. Our investigations show that in foraminifera it forms small granules, around 1 µm in diameter, that display rapid movement. This granularity is unusual in comparison to other organisms. We suppose that these granules are most likely involved in the formation of all types of pseudopods responsible for movement, food capturing, biomineralisation, and other functions.
Paulo Bonifácio, Pedro Martínez Arbizu, and Lénaïck Menot
Biogeosciences, 17, 865–886, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-865-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-865-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The patterns observed in the composition of polychaete assemblages were attributed to variations in food supply at the regional scale and nodule density at the local scale. The high levels of species replacement were mainly driven by rare species, leading to regional species pool estimates between 498 and 240 000 species. The high proportion of singletons seems reflect an under-sampling bias that is currently preventing the assessment of potential biodiversity loss due to nodule mining.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Pedro Cermeno, Oliver Jahn, Michael J. Follows, Anna E. Hickman, Darcy A. A. Taniguchi, and Ben A. Ward
Biogeosciences, 17, 609–634, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-609-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-609-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Phytoplankton are an essential component of the marine food web and earth's carbon cycle. We use observations, ecological theory and a unique trait-based ecosystem model to explain controls on patterns of marine phytoplankton biodiversity. We find that different dimensions of diversity (size classes, biogeochemical functional groups, thermal norms) are controlled by a disparate combination of mechanisms. This may explain why previous studies of phytoplankton diversity had conflicting results.
Emily White, Clara J. M. Hoppe, and Björn Rost
Biogeosciences, 17, 635–647, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-635-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-635-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic picoeukaryote Micromonas pusilla was acclimated to two pCO2 levels under a constant and a dynamic light, simulating more realistic light fields. M. pusilla was able to benefit from ocean acidification with an increase in growth rate, irrespective of the light regime. In dynamic light M. pusilla optimised its photophysiology for effective light usage during both low- and high-light periods. This highlights M. pusilla is likely to cope well with future conditions in the Arctic Ocean.
Oscar E. Romero, Karl-Heinz Baumann, Karin A. F. Zonneveld, Barbara Donner, Jens Hefter, Bambaye Hamady, Vera Pospelova, and Gerhard Fischer
Biogeosciences, 17, 187–214, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-187-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-187-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Monitoring of the multiannual evolution of populations representing different trophic levels allows for obtaining insights into the impact of climate variability in marine coastal upwelling ecosystems. By using a multiyear, continuous (1,900 d) sediment trap record, we assess the dynamics and fluxes of calcareous, organic and siliceous microorganisms off Mauritania (NW Africa). The experiment allowed for the recognition of a general sequence of seasonal variations of the main populations.
Ulrike Hanz, Claudia Wienberg, Dierk Hebbeln, Gerard Duineveld, Marc Lavaleye, Katriina Juva, Wolf-Christian Dullo, André Freiwald, Leonardo Tamborrino, Gert-Jan Reichart, Sascha Flögel, and Furu Mienis
Biogeosciences, 16, 4337–4356, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4337-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4337-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Along the Namibian and Angolan margins, low oxygen conditions do not meet environmental ranges for cold–water corals and hence are expected to be unsuitable habitats. Environmental conditions show that tidal movements deliver water with more oxygen and high–quality organic matter, suggesting that corals compensate unfavorable conditions with availability of food. With the expected expansion of oxygen minimum zones in the future, this study provides an example how ecosystems cope with extremes.
Alexia Dubuc, Ronald Baker, Cyril Marchand, Nathan J. Waltham, and Marcus Sheaves
Biogeosciences, 16, 3959–3976, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3959-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3959-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Little is known about how hypoxia influences mangrove fish assemblages. In situ video observations reveal species-specific avoidance strategies in response to developing hypoxia in a mangrove forest. Taxa commonly using mangroves could withstand hypoxia, while others usually associated with reef habitats were not recorded below 70 % saturation. These results suggest that hypoxia is an important factor shaping mangrove fish assemblages and could explain the low species richness usually observed.
Mariem Saavedra-Pellitero, Karl-Heinz Baumann, Miguel Ángel Fuertes, Hartmut Schulz, Yann Marcon, Nele Manon Vollmar, José-Abel Flores, and Frank Lamy
Biogeosciences, 16, 3679–3702, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3679-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3679-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Open ocean phytoplankton include coccolithophore algae, a key element in carbon cycle regulation with important feedbacks to the climate system. We document latitudinal variability in both coccolithophore assemblage and the mass variation in one particular species, Emiliania huxleyi, for a transect across the Drake Passage (in the Southern Ocean). Coccolithophore abundance, diversity and maximum depth habitat decrease southwards, coinciding with changes in the predominant E. huxleyi morphotypes.
Freija Hauquier, Lara Macheriotou, Tania N. Bezerra, Great Egho, Pedro Martínez Arbizu, and Ann Vanreusel
Biogeosciences, 16, 3475–3489, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3475-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3475-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Future mining operations in the deep sea provide a source of scientific uncertainty and call for detailed study of the ecosystem. We investigated one of the most diverse and abundant taxa present in deep-sea sediments, nematodes, and demonstrate the importance of sediment attributes for their communities. Especially species that are less common and have a limited spatial distribution will be vulnerable to mining-induced changes. Our findings can serve as a reference for future impact studies.
Haruka Takagi, Katsunori Kimoto, Tetsuichi Fujiki, Hiroaki Saito, Christiane Schmidt, Michal Kucera, and Kazuyoshi Moriya
Biogeosciences, 16, 3377–3396, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3377-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3377-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Photosymbiosis (endosymbiosis with algae) is an evolutionary important ecology for many marine organisms but has poorly been identified among planktonic foraminifera. In this study, we identified and characterized photosymbiosis of various species of planktonic foraminifera by focusing on their photosynthesis–related features. We finally proposed a new framework showing a potential strength of photosymbiosis, which will serve as a basis for future ecological studies of planktonic foraminifera.
Elina A. Virtanen, Alf Norkko, Antonia Nyström Sandman, and Markku Viitasalo
Biogeosciences, 16, 3183–3195, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3183-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3183-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Our understanding of the drivers of hypoxia fundamentally hinges on patterns of water circulation and vertical mixing that can be difficult to resolve in coastal regions. We identified areas prone to oxygen loss in a complex marine area without knowledge of biogeochemical properties, using only parameters which describe the enclosed seafloors with restricted water exchange. Our approach could help nutrient abatement measures and pinpoint areas where management actions are most urgently needed.
Jeffrey C. Drazen, Astrid B. Leitner, Sage Morningstar, Yann Marcon, Jens Greinert, and Autun Purser
Biogeosciences, 16, 3133–3146, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3133-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3133-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the fish and scavenger community after a deep seafloor disturbance experiment intended to simulate the effects of deep-sea mining. Fish density returned to background levels after several years; however the dominant fish was rarely found in ploughed habitat after 26 years. Given the significantly larger scale of industrial mining, these results could translate to population-level effects. The abyssal fish community at the site was similar to that in the Clarion–Clipperton Zone.
Scarlett Trimborn, Silke Thoms, Pascal Karitter, and Kai Bischof
Biogeosciences, 16, 2997–3008, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2997-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2997-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Ecophysiological studies on Antarctic cryptophytes to assess whether climatic changes such as ocean acidification and enhanced stratification affect their growth in Antarctic coastal waters in the future are lacking so far. Our results reveal beneficial effects of ocean acidification in conjunction with enhanced irradiance on growth and photosynthesis of the Antarctic cyrptophyte Geminigera cryophila. Hence, cryptophytes such as G. cryophila may be potential winners of these climatic changes.
Cited articles
Agogue, H., Lamy, D., Neal, P. R., Sogin, M. L., and Herndl, G. J.: Water mass-specificity of bacterial communities in the North Atlantic revealed by massively parallel sequencing, Molecular Ecology, 20, 258–274, 2011.
Altschul, S., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E., and Lipman, D.: Basic local alignment search tool, J. Molecular Biology, 215, 403–410, 1990.
Anderson, B., Arrigo, K., Ward, B., UCI, K., and Van Mooy, B.: The Molecular Biology of Biogeochemistry: Using Molecular Methods to Link Ocean Chemistry with Biological Activity, \urlprefixhttp://www.whoi.edu/sites/molbiogeochem, 2010.
Aristegui, J., Barton, E. D., Alvarez-Salgado, X. A., Santos, A. M. P., Figueiras, F. G., Kifani, S., Hern{á}ndez-Le{ó}n, S., Mason, E., Mach{ú}, E., and Demarcq, H.: Sub-regional ecosystem variability in the Canary Current upwrelling, Prog. Oceanography, 83, 33–48, 2009{a}.
Aristegui, J., Gasol, J. M., Duarte, C. M., and Herndl, G. J.: Microbial oceanography of the dark ocean's pelagic realm, Limnol. Oceanogr., 54, 1501–1529, 2009{b}.
Azam, F., Fenchel, T., Field, J., Gray, J., Meyerreil, L., and Thingstad, F.: The ecological role of water-column microbes in the sea, Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 10, 257–263, 1983.
Baltar, F., Aristegui, J., Gasol, J. M., Sintes, E., and Herndl, G. J.: Evidence of prokaryotic metabolism on suspended particulate organic matter in the dark waters of the subtropical North Atlantic, Limnol. Oceanogr., 54, 182–193, 2009.
Bochdansky, A. B., van Aken, H. M., and Herndl, G. J.: Role of macroscopic particles in deep-sea oxygen consumption, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 107, 8287–8291, 2010.
Breitbart, M., Salamon, P., Andresen, B., Mahaffy, J., Segall, A., Mead, D., Azam, F., and Rohwer, F.: Genomic analysis of uncultured marine viral communities, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99, 14250–14255, 2002.
Bunge, J.: Estimating the number of species with CatchAll, Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing, 2011.
Carlson, C. A., Giovannoni, S. J., Hansell, D., Goldberg, S., Parsons, R., Otero, M., Vergin, K. L., and Wheeler, B.: Effect of nutrient amendments on bacterioplankton production, community structure, and DOC utilization in the northwestern Sargasso Sea, Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 30, 19–36, 2002.
Cases, I. and de Lorenzo, V.: The grammar of (micro)biological diversity, Environmental Microbiology, 4, 623–627, 2002.
Chao, A.: Nonparametric-estimation of the number of classes in a population, Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, 11, 265–270, 1984.
Chao, A. and Lee, S.: Estimating the Number of Classes via Sample Coverage, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 87, 210–217, 1992.
Chave, J.: Neutral theory and community ecology, Ecology Letters, 7, 241–253, 2004.
Claesson, M. J., O'Sullivan, O., Wang, Q., Nikkilae, J., Marchesi, J. R., Smidt, H., Vos, W. M. D., Ross, R. P., and O'Toole, P. W.: Comparative analysis of pyrosequencing and a phylogenetic microarray for exploring microbial community structures in the human distal intestine, PLoS One, 4, e6669, 2009.
Clarke, K.: Nonparametric multivariate analyses of changes in community structure, Australian Journal of Ecology, 18, 117–143, 1993.
Cohan, F.: What are bacterial species?, Annual Review of Microbiology, 56, 457–487, 2002.
Cohan, F. M. and Perry, E. B.: A systematics for discovering the fundamental units of bacterial diversity, Current Biology, 17, R373–R386, 2007.
Covert, J. and Moran, M.: Molecular characterization of estuarine bacterial communities that use high- and low-molecular weight fractions of dissolved organic carbon, Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 25, 127–139, 2001.
del Giorgio, P. and Duarte, C.: Respiration in the open ocean, Nature, 420, 379–384, 2002.
DeLong, E. F.: The microbial ocean from genomes to biomes, Nature, 459, 200–206, 2009.
DeLong, E. F., Preston, C., Mincer, T., Rich, V., Hallam, S., Frigaard, N., Martinez, A., Sullivan, M., Edwards, R. A., Brito, B. R., Chisholm, S. W., and Karl, D. M.: Community genomics among stratified microbial assemblages in the ocean's interior, Science, 311, 496–503, 2006.
Ducklow, H. W.: Biogeochemical Provinces: Towards a JGOFS Synthesis, in: Ocean Biogeochemistry, edited by: Fasham, M. J. R., Global Change – The IGBP Series, pp. 3–17, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003.
Eiler, A., Langenheder, S., Bertilsson, S., and Tranvik, L. J.: Heterotrophic bacterial growth efficiency and community structure at different natural organic carbon concentrations, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 69, 3701–3709, 2003.
Flerus, R., Koch, B. P., Lechtenfeld, O. J., McCallister, S. L., Schmitt-Kopplin, P., Benner, R., Kaiser, K., and Kattner, G.: A molecular perspective on the ageing of marine dissolved organic matter, Biogeosciences Discuss., 8, 11453–11488, https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-11453-2011, 2011.
Fuhrman, J. A.: Microbial community structure and its functional implications, Nature, 459, 193–199, 2009.
Fuhrman, J. and Azam, F.: Thymidine incorporation as a measure of heterotrophic bacterioplankton production in marine surface waters – evaluation and field results, Marine Biology, 66, 109–120, 1982.
Fuhrman, J. and Campbell, L.: Marine ecology - microbial microdiversity, Nature, 393, 410–411, 1998.
Fuhrman, J. A. and Davis, A.: Widespread Archaea and novel Bacteria from the deep sea as shown by 16S rRNA gene sequences, Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 150, 275–285, 1997.
Fuhrman, J. A., Steele, J. A., Hewson, I., Schwalbach, M. S., Brown, M. V., Green, J. L., and Brown, J. H.: A latitudinal diversity gradient in planktonic marine bacteria, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 105, 7774–7778, 2008.
Galand, P. E., Casamayor, E. O., Kirchman, D. L., Potvin, M., and Lovejoy, C.: Unique archaeal assemblages in the Arctic Ocean unveiled by massively parallel tag sequencing, The ISME Journal, 3, 860–869, 2009.
Galand, P. E., Potvin, M., Casamayor, E. O., and Lovejoy, C.: Hydrography shapes bacterial biogeography of the deep Arctic Ocean, The ISME Journal, 4, 564–576, 2010.
Gasol, J. and del Giorgio, P.: Using flow cytometry for counting natural planktonic bacteria and understanding the structure of planktonic bacterial communities, in: Scientia Marina, pp. 197–224, CSIC, Inst Ciencias Mar, Dept Biol Marina & Oceanog, E-08039 Barcelona, Spain, 2000.
Gilbert, J. A., Field, D., Swift, P., Newbold, L., Oliver, A., Smyth, T., Somerfield, P. J., Huse, S., and Joint, I.: The seasonal structure of microbial communities in the Western English Channel, Environmental Microbiology, 11, 3132–3139, 2009.
Gilbert, J. A., Steele, J. A., Caporaso, J. G., Steinbrueck, L., Reeder, J., Temperton, B., Huse, S., Mchardy, A. C., Knight, R., Joint, I., Somerfield, P., Fuhrman, J. A., and Field, D.: Defining seasonal marine microbial community dynamics, The ISME Journal, 6, 298–308, 2012.
Giovannoni, S. J. and Stingl, U.: Molecular diversity and ecology of microbial plankton, Nature, 437, 343–348, 2005.
Giovannoni, S. J., Rapp{é}, M. S., Vergin, K. L., and Adair, N.: 16S rRNA genes reveal stratified open ocean bacterioplankton populations related to the Green Non-Sulfur bacteria, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 93, 7979–7984, 1996.
Giovannoni, S. J., Bibbs, L., Cho, J.-C., Stapels, M. D., Desiderio, R., Vergin, K. L., Rapp{é}, M. S., Laney, S., Wilhelm, L. J., Tripp, H. J., Mathur, E. J., and Barofsky, D. F.: Proteorhodopsin in the ubiquitous marine bacterium SAR11, Nature, 438, 82–85, 2005.
Gobet, A., Quince, C., and Ramette, A.: Multivariate Cutoff Level Analysis (MultiCoLA) of large community data sets, Nucleic Acids Research, 38, e155, 2010.
Gordon, D. A. and Giovannoni, S. J.: Detection of stratified microbial populations related to Chlorobium and Fibrobacter species in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 62, 1171–1177, 1996.
Gower, J.: General coefficient of similarity and some of its properties, Biometrics, 27, 857–874, 1971.
Hammer, Ø. and Harper, D.: PAST: paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis, Palaeontologia Electronica, 2001.
Hewson, I., Steele, J., Capone, D., and Fuhrman, J. A.: Remarkable heterogeneity in meso- and bathypelagic bacterioplankton assemblage composition, Limnol. Oceanogr., 51, 1274–1283, 2006.
Hewson, I., Paerl, R. W., Tripp, H. J., Zehr, J. P., and Karl, D. M.: Metagenomic potential of microbial assemblages in the surface waters of the central Pacific Ocean tracks variability in oceanic habitat, Limnol. Oceanogr., 54, 1981–1994, 2009.
Hobbie, J. E., Daley, R. J., and Jasper, S.: Use of nuclepore filters for counting bacteria by fluorescence microscopy, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 33, 1225–1228, 1977.
Hubbell, S. P.: The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (MPB-32) (Monographs in Population Biology), Princeton University Press, 2001.
Huber, J. A., Welch, D. M., Morrison, H. G., Huse, S. M., Neal, P. R., Butterfield, D. A., and Sogin, M. L.: Microbial population structures in the deep marine biosphere, Science, 318, 97–100, 2007.
Huelsenbeck, J. and Ronquist, F.: MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees, Bioinformatics, 17, 754–755, 2001.
Huse, S. M., Huber, J. A., Morrison, H. G., Sogin, M. L., and Welch, D. M.: Accuracy and quality of massively parallel DNA pyrosequencing, Genome Biology, 8, R143, 2007.
Huse, S. M., Dethlefsen, L., Huber, J. A., Welch, D. M., Relman, D. A., and Sogin, M. L.: Exploring microbial diversity and taxonomy using SSU rRNA hypervariable tag sequencing, PLoS Genetics, 4, e1000 255, 2008.
Huse, S. M., Welch, D. M., Morrison, H. G., and Sogin, M. L.: Ironing out the wrinkles in the rare biosphere through improved OTU clustering, Environmental Microbiology, 12, 1889–1898, 2010.
Kass, R. and Raftery, A.: Bayes Factors, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 90, 773–795, 1995.
Kerkhof, L., Voytek, M., Sherrell, R., Millie, D., and Schofield, O.: Variability in bacterial community structure during upwelling in the coastal ocean, Hydrobiologia, 401, 139–148, 1999.
Kirchman, D. L., Cottrell, M. T., and Lovejoy, C.: The structure of bacterial communities in the western Arctic Ocean as revealed by pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes, Environmental Microbiology, 12, 1132–1143, 2010.
Kunin, V., Engelbrektson, A., Ochman, H., and Hugenholtz, P.: Wrinkles in the rare biosphere: pyrosequencing errors can lead to artificial inflation of diversity estimates, Environmental Microbiology, 12, 118–123, 2010.
Legendre, P. and Legendre, L.: Numerical Ecology, Volume 24, Second Edition (Developments in Environmental Modelling), Elsevier Science, 1998.
Longhurst, A.: Ecological geography of the sea, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1998.
Longhurst, A., Sathyendranath, S., Platt, T., and Caverhill, C.: An estimate of global primary production in the ocean from satellite radiometer data, J. Plankton Res., 17, 1245–1271, 1995.
Mart{\'\i}n-Cuadrado, A.-B., L{ó}pez-Garc{\'\i}a, P., Alba, J.-C., Moreira, D., Monticelli, L., Strittmatter, A., Gottschalk, G., and Rodr{\'\i}guez-Valera, F.: Metagenomics of the deep Mediterranean, a warm bathypelagic habitat, PLoS One, 2, e914, 2007.
Martiny, J. B. H., Bohannan, B. J. M., Brown, J., COLWELL, R. K., Fuhrman, J. A., Green, J. L., Horner-Devine, M., Kane, M., Krumins, J., Kuske, C., Morin, P., Naeem, S., Øvreås, L., Reysenbach, A.-L., Smith, V., and Staley, J.: Microbial biogeography: putting microorganisms on the map, Nature Reviews Microbiology, 4, 102–112, 2006a.
Martiny, A. C., Coleman, M. L., and Chisholm, S. W.: Phosphate acquisition genes in Prochlorococcus ecotypes: Evidence for genome-wide adaptation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 103, 12552–12557, 2006b.
Martiny, A. C., Tai, A. P. K., Veneziano, D., Primeau, F., and Chisholm, S. W.: Taxonomic resolution, ecotypes and the biogeography of Prochlorococcus, Environmental Microbiology, 11, 823–832, 2009.
Massana, R., Karniol, B., Pommier, T., Bodaker, I., and Beja, O.: Metagenomic retrieval of a ribosomal DNA repeat array from an uncultured marine alveolate, Environmental Microbiology, 10, 1335–1343, 2008.
Nagata, T., Fukuda, H., Fukuda, R., and Koike, I.: Bacterioplankton distribution and production in deep Pacific waters: Large-scale geographic variations and possible coupling with sinking particle fluxes, Limnol. Oceanogr., 45, 426–435, 2000.
Nekola, J. and White, P.: The distance decay of similarity in biogeography and ecology, J. Biogeography, 26, 867–878, 1999.
Pinhassi, J., Winding, A., Binnerup, S., Zweifel, U., Riemann, B., and Hagstrom, A.: Spatial variability in bacterioplankton community composition at the Skagerrak-Kattegat Front, Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 255, 1–13, 2003.
Pinhassi, J., Sala, M., Havskum, H., Peters, F., Guadayol, O., Malits, A., and Marrase, C.: Changes in bacterioplankton composition under different phytoplankton regimens, Applied And Environmental Microbiology, 70, 6753–6766, 2004.
Pohl, C., Croot, P., Hennings, U., Daberkow, T., Budeus, G., and Loeff, M.: Synoptic transects on the distribution of trace elements (Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, Co, Mn, Fe, and Al) in surface waters of the Northern-and Southern East Atlantic, J. Marine Syst., 84, 28–41, 2011.
Pommier, T., Canb{ä}ck, B., Riemann, L., Bostr{ö}m, K. H., Simu, K., Lundberg, P., Tunlid, A., and Hagstrom, A.: Global patterns of diversity and community structure in marine bacterioplankton, Molecular Ecology, 16, 867–880, 2006.
Quince, C., Curtis, T. P., and Sloan, W. T.: The rational exploration of microbial diversity, The ISME Journal, 2, 997–1006, 2008.
Reeder, J. and Knight, R.: The `rare biosphere': a reality check, Nature Methods, 6, 636–637, 2009.
Reinthaler, T., van Aken, H. M., and Herndl, G. J.: Major contribution of autotrophy to microbial carbon cycling in the deep North Atlantic's interior, Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Topical Studies in Oceanography, 57, 1572–1580, 2010.
Ricklefs, R. E. and Schluter, D. (Eds.): Species Diversity in Ecological Communities, University Of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1 edn., 1994.
Roesch, L. F., Fulthorpe, R. R., Riva, A., Casella, G., Hadwin, A. K. M., Kent, A. D., Daroub, S. H., Camargo, F. A. O., Farmerie, W. G., and Triplett, E. W.: Pyrosequencing enumerates and contrasts soil microbial diversity, The ISME Journal, 1, 283–290, 2007.
Rossi, J.: Statistical tool for soil biology: Autocorrelogram and Mantel test, European Journal of Soil Biology, 32, 195–203, 1996.
Rusch, D. B., Halpern, A. L., Sutton, G., Heidelberg, K. B., Williamson, S., Yooseph, S., Wu, D., Eisen, J. A., Hoffman, J. M., Remington, K., Beeson, K., Tran, B., Smith, H., Baden-Tillson, H., Stewart, C., Thorpe, J., Freeman, J., Andrews-Pfannkoch, C., Venter, J. E., Li, K., Kravitz, S., Heidelberg, J. F., Utterback, T., Rogers, Y.-H., Falcon, L. I., Souza, V., Bonilla-Rosso, G., Eguiarte, L. E., Karl, D. M., Sathyendranath, S., Platt, T., Bermingham, E., Gallardo, V., Tamayo-Castillo, G., Ferrari, M. R., Strausberg, R. L., Nealson, K., Friedman, R., Frazier, M., and Venter, J. C.: The Sorcerer II global ocean sampling expedition: northwest Atlantic through eastern tropical Pacific, PLoS Biology, 5, 398–431, 2007.
Schattenhofer, M., Fuchs, B. M., Amann, R., Zubkov, M. V., Tarran, G. A., and Pernthaler, J.: Latitudinal distribution of prokaryotic picoplankton populations in the Atlantic Ocean, Environmental Microbiology, 11, 2078–2093, 2009.
Schlitzer, R.: Ocean Data View, \urlprefixhttp://odv/awi.de, 2011.
Schloss, P. D.: A high-throughput DNA sequence aligner for microbial ecology studies., PloS One, 4, e8230–e8230, 2009.
Schloss, P. D., Westcott, S. L., Ryabin, T., Hall, J. R., Hartmann, M., Hollister, E. B., Lesniewski, R. A., Oakley, B. B., Parks, D. H., Robinson, C. J., Sahl, J. W., Stres, B., Thallinger, G. G., van Horn, D. J., and Weber, C. F.: Introducing mothur: open-source, platform-independent, community-supported software for describing and comparing microbial communities, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 75, 7537–7541, 2009.
Schols, P., D'hondt, C., Geuten, K., Merckx, V., Janssens, S., and Smets, E.: MorphoCode: coding quantitative data for phylogenetic analysis, Phyloinformatics, 4, 1–4, 2004.
Smouse, P., Long, J., and Sokal, R.: Multiple-regression and correlation extensions of the mantel test of matrix correspondence, Systematic Zoology, 35, 627–632, 1986.
Sogin, M. L., Morrison, H. G., Huber, J. A., Welch, D. M., Huse, S. M., Neal, P. R., Arrieta, J. M., and Herndl, G. J.: Microbial diversity in the deep sea and the underexplored "rare biosphere", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 103, 12115–12120, 2006.
Sokal, R. R. and Sneath, P. H. A.: Principles of Numerical Taxonomy (A Series of Books in Biology), W. H. Freeman and Company, 1st edn., 1963.
Sokal, R. R. and Sneath, P. H. A.: Numerical Taxonomy: The Principles and Practice of Numerical Classification, W. H. Freeman and Company, 1973.
Stott, J.: Jcoord, version 1,0, \urlprefixhttp://www.jstott.me.uk/jcoord, 2011.
Taylor, B. B., Torrecilla, E., Bernhardt, A., Taylor, M. H., Peeken, I., Röttgers, R., Piera, J., and Bracher, A.: Bio-optical provinces in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and their biogeographical relevance, Biogeosciences, 8, 3609–3629, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-3609-2011, 2011.
Thiele, K.: The holy grail of the perfect character: the cladistic treatment of morphometric data, Cladistics, 9, 275–304, 1993.
Treusch, A. H., Vergin, K. L., Finlay, L. A., Donatz, M. G., Burton, R. M., Carlson, C. A., and Giovannoni, S. J.: Seasonality and vertical structure of microbial communities in an ocean gyre, The ISME Journal, 3, 1148–1163, 2009.
Van Hannen, E., Zwart, G., Van Agterveld, M., Gons, H., Ebert, J., and Laanbroek, H.: Changes in bacterial and eukaryotic community structure after mass lysis of filamentous cyanobacteria associated with viruses, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 65, 795–801, 1999.
Varela, M. M., van Aken, H. M., Sintes, E., and Herndl, G. J.: Latitudinal trends of Crenarchaeota and Bacteria in the meso- and bathypelagic water masses of the Eastern North Atlantic, Environmental Microbiology, 10, 110–124, 2007.
Venter, J., Remington, K., Heidelberg, J., Halpern, A., Rusch, D., Eisen, J., Wu, D., Paulsen, I., Nelson, K., Nelson, W., Fouts, D., Levy, S., Knap, A., Lomas, M., Nealson, K., White, O., Peterson, J., Hoffman, J., Parsons, R., Baden-Tillson, H., Pfannkoch, C., Rogers, Y., and Smith, H.: Environmental genome shotgun sequencing of the Sargasso Sea, Science, 304, 66–74, 2004.
VLIZ: Longhurst Biogeographical Provinces, \urlprefixhttp://www.vliz.be/vmdcdata/vlimar/downloads.php, 2009.
Wang, Q., Garrity, G. M., Tiedje, J. M., and Cole, J. R.: Naive Bayesian classifier for rapid assignment of rRNA sequences into the new bacterial taxonomy, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 73, 5261–5267, 2007.
West, N. J., Obernosterer, I., Zemb, O., and Lebaron, P.: Major differences of bacterial diversity and activity inside and outside of a natural iron-fertilized phytoplankton bloom in the Southern Ocean, Environmental Microbiology, 10, 738–756, 2008.
Wietz, M., Gram, L., Jorgensen, B., and Schramm, A.: Latitudinal patterns in the abundance of major marine bacterioplankton groups, Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 61, 179–189, 2010.
Wright, T. D., Vergin, K. L., Boyd, P. W., and Giovannoni, S. J.: A novel delta-subdivision proteobacterial lineage from the lower ocean surface layer, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 63, 1441–1448, 1997.
Xie, Z., Koch, B. P., Möller, A., Sturm, R., and Ebinghaus, R.: Transport and fate of hexachlorocyclohexanes in the oceanic air and surface seawater, Biogeosciences, 8, 2621–2633, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-2621-2011, 2011.
Yokokawa, T., De Corte, D., Sintes, E., and Herndl, G. J.: Spatial patterns of bacterial abundance, activity and community composition in relation to water masses in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 59, 185–195, 2010.
Zinger, L., Amaral-Zettler, L. A., Fuhrman, J. A., Horner-Devine, M. C., Huse, S. M., Welch, D. B. M., Martiny, J. B. H., Sogin, M. L., Boetius, A., and Ramette, A.: Global Patterns of Bacterial Beta-Diversity in Seafloor and Seawater Ecosystems, PloS One, 6, e24570, 2011.
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint