Articles | Volume 14, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1403-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1403-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
26 Mar 2017
Research article |
| 26 Mar 2017
Forage quality declines with rising temperatures, with implications for livestock production and methane emissions
Mark A. Lee
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Natural Capital and Plant Health, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,
Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, UK
Aaron P. Davis
Natural Capital and Plant Health, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,
Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, UK
Mizeck G. G. Chagunda
Future Farming Systems, Scotland's Rural College, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
Pete Manning
Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg,
Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Related authors
No articles found.
Kailiang Yu, Johan van den Hoogen, Zhiqiang Wang, Colin Averill, Devin Routh, Gabriel Reuben Smith, Rebecca E. Drenovsky, Kate M. Scow, Fei Mo, Mark P. Waldrop, Yuanhe Yang, Weize Tang, Franciska T. De Vries, Richard D. Bardgett, Peter Manning, Felipe Bastida, Sara G. Baer, Elizabeth M. Bach, Carlos García, Qingkui Wang, Linna Ma, Baodong Chen, Xianjing He, Sven Teurlincx, Amber Heijboer, James A. Bradley, and Thomas W. Crowther
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4339–4350, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4339-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4339-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We used a global-scale dataset for the surface topsoil (>3000 distinct observations of abundance of soil fungi versus bacteria) to generate the first quantitative map of soil fungal proportion across terrestrial ecosystems. We reveal striking latitudinal trends. Fungi dominated in regions with low mean annual temperature (MAT) and net primary productivity (NPP) and bacteria dominated in regions with high MAT and NPP.
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Greenhouse Gases
Carbon emissions and radiative forcings from tundra wildfires in the Yukon–Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska
Carbon monoxide (CO) cycling in the Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean
Post-flooding disturbance recovery promotes carbon capture in riparian zones
Meteorological responses of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of a subarctic landscape
Carbon emission and export from the Ket River, western Siberia
Evaluation of wetland CH4 in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) land surface model using satellite observations
Greenhouse gas fluxes in mangrove forest soil in an Amazon estuary
Temporal patterns and drivers of CO2 emission from dry sediments in a groyne field of a large river
Effects of water table level and nitrogen deposition on methane and nitrous oxide emissions in an alpine peatland
Highest methane concentrations in an Arctic river linked to local terrestrial inputs
Seasonal study of the small-scale variability in dissolved methane in the western Kiel Bight (Baltic Sea) during the European heatwave in 2018
Trace gas fluxes from tidal salt marsh soils: implications for carbon–sulfur biogeochemistry
Spatial and temporal variation in δ13C values of methane emitted from a hemiboreal mire: methanogenesis, methanotrophy, and hysteresis
Intercomparison of methods to estimate gross primary production based on CO2 and COS flux measurements
Lateral carbon export has low impact on the net ecosystem carbon balance of a polygonal tundra catchment
The effect of static chamber base on N2O flux in drip irrigation
Controls on autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration in an ombrotrophic bog
Episodic N2O emissions following tillage of a legume–grass cover crop mixture
Variation in CO2 and CH4 fluxes among land cover types in heterogeneous Arctic tundra in northeastern Siberia
Response of vegetation and carbon fluxes to brown lemming herbivory in northern Alaska
Sources of nitrous oxide and the fate of mineral nitrogen in subarctic permafrost peat soils
Relationships between greenhouse gas production and landscape position during short-term permafrost thaw under anaerobic conditions in the Lena Delta
Data-based estimates of interannual sea–air CO2 flux variations 1957–2020 and their relation to environmental drivers
Evaluating alternative ebullition models for predicting peatland methane emission and its pathways via data–model fusion
Excess soil moisture and fresh carbon input are prerequisites for methane production in podzolic soil
Low biodegradability of particulate organic carbon mobilized from thaw slumps on the Peel Plateau, NT, and possible chemosynthesis and sorption effects
Grazing enhances carbon cycling but reduces methane emission during peak growing season in the Siberian Pleistocene Park tundra site
Ideas and perspectives: Enhancing research and monitoring of carbon pools and land-to-atmosphere greenhouse gases exchange in developing countries
Ignoring carbon emissions from thermokarst ponds results in overestimation of tundra net carbon uptake
Quantification of potential methane emissions associated with organic matter amendments following oxic-soil inundation
Assessing the spatial and temporal variability of greenhouse gas emissions from different configurations of on-site wastewater treatment system using discrete and continuous gas flux measurement
Dimethylated sulfur compounds in the Peruvian upwelling system
Partitioning carbon sources between wetland and well-drained ecosystems to a tropical first-order stream – implications for carbon cycling at the watershed scale (Nyong, Cameroon)
Extreme events driving year-to-year differences in gross primary productivity across the US
Methane gas emissions from savanna fires: what analysis of local burning regimes in a working West African landscape tell us
Methane in Zackenberg Valley, NE Greenland: multidecadal growing season fluxes of a high-Arctic tundra
Field-scale CH4 emission at a subarctic mire with heterogeneous permafrost thaw status
Evaluation of denitrification and decomposition from three biogeochemical models using laboratory measurements of N2, N2O and CO2
Temporal trends in methane emissions from a small eutrophic reservoir: the key role of a spring burst
Greenhouse gases emissions from riparian wetlands: an example from the Inner Mongolia grassland region in China
Variability of North Atlantic CO2 fluxes for the 2000–2017 period estimated from atmospheric inverse analyses
Effects of clear-fell harvesting on soil CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes in an upland Sitka spruce stand in England
Conventional subsoil irrigation techniques do not lower carbon emissions from drained peat meadows
Different responses of ecosystem CO2 and N2O emissions and CH4 uptake to seasonally asymmetric warming in an alpine grassland of the Tianshan
The role of termite CH4 emissions on the ecosystem scale: a case study in the Amazon rainforest
Biogeochemical and plant trait mechanisms drive enhanced methane emissions in response to whole-ecosystem warming
A decade of dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) measurements in the southwestern Baltic Sea
Methane dynamics in three different Siberian water bodies under winter and summer conditions
Topography-based statistical modelling reveals high spatial variability and seasonal emission patches in forest floor methane flux
Technical note: CO2 is not like CH4 – limits of and corrections to the headspace method to analyse pCO2 in fresh water
Michael Moubarak, Seeta Sistla, Stefano Potter, Susan M. Natali, and Brendan M. Rogers
Biogeosciences, 20, 1537–1557, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1537-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1537-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Tundra wildfires are increasing in frequency and severity with climate change. We show using a combination of field measurements and computational modeling that tundra wildfires result in a positive feedback to climate change by emitting significant amounts of long-lived greenhouse gasses. With these effects, attention to tundra fires is necessary for mitigating climate change.
Hanna I. Campen, Damian L. Arévalo-Martínez, and Hermann W. Bange
Biogeosciences, 20, 1371–1379, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1371-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1371-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a climate-relevant trace gas emitted from the ocean. However, oceanic CO cycling is understudied. Results from incubation experiments conducted in the Fram Strait (Arctic Ocean) indicated that (i) pH did not affect CO cycling and (ii) enhanced CO production and consumption were positively correlated with coloured dissolved organic matter and nitrate concentrations. This suggests microbial CO uptake to be the driving factor for CO cycling in the Arctic Ocean.
Yihong Zhu, Ruihua Liu, Huai Zhang, Shaoda Liu, Zhengfeng Zhang, Fei-Hai Yu, and Timothy G. Gregoire
Biogeosciences, 20, 1357–1370, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1357-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1357-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
With global warming, the risk of flooding is rising, but the response of the carbon cycle of aquatic and associated riparian systems
to flooding is still unclear. Based on the data collected in the Lijiang, we found that flooding would lead to significant carbon emissions of fluvial areas and riparian areas during flooding, but carbon capture may happen after flooding. In the riparian areas, the surviving vegetation, especially clonal plants, played a vital role in this transformation.
Lauri Heiskanen, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Henriikka Vekuri, Aleksi Räsänen, Tarmo Virtanen, Sari Juutinen, Annalea Lohila, Juha Mikola, and Mika Aurela
Biogeosciences, 20, 545–572, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-545-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-545-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We measured and modelled the CO2 and CH4 fluxes of the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of the subarctic landscape for 2 years. The landscape was an annual CO2 sink and a CH4 source. The forest had the largest contribution to the landscape-level CO2 sink and the peatland to the CH4 emissions. The lakes released 24 % of the annual net C uptake of the landscape back to the atmosphere. The C fluxes were affected most by the rainy peak growing season of 2017 and the drought event in July 2018.
Artem G. Lim, Ivan V. Krickov, Sergey N. Vorobyev, Mikhail A. Korets, Sergey Kopysov, Liudmila S. Shirokova, Jan Karlsson, and Oleg S. Pokrovsky
Biogeosciences, 19, 5859–5877, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5859-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5859-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In order to quantify C transport and emission and main environmental factors controlling the C cycle in Siberian rivers, we investigated the largest tributary of the Ob River, the Ket River basin, by measuring spatial and seasonal variations in carbon CO2 and CH4 concentrations and emissions together with hydrochemical analyses. The obtained results are useful for large-scale modeling of C emission and export fluxes from permafrost-free boreal rivers of an underrepresented region of the world.
Robert J. Parker, Chris Wilson, Edward Comyn-Platt, Garry Hayman, Toby R. Marthews, A. Anthony Bloom, Mark F. Lunt, Nicola Gedney, Simon J. Dadson, Joe McNorton, Neil Humpage, Hartmut Boesch, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Paul I. Palmer, and Dai Yamazaki
Biogeosciences, 19, 5779–5805, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5779-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5779-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane, one of the most important climate gases. The JULES land surface model simulates these emissions. We use satellite data to evaluate how well JULES reproduces the methane seasonal cycle over different tropical wetlands. It performs well for most regions; however, it struggles for some African wetlands influenced heavily by river flooding. We explain the reasons for these deficiencies and highlight how future development will improve these areas.
Saúl Edgardo Martínez Castellón, José Henrique Cattanio, José Francisco Berrêdo, Marcelo Rollnic, Maria de Lourdes Ruivo, and Carlos Noriega
Biogeosciences, 19, 5483–5497, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5483-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5483-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We seek to understand the influence of climatic seasonality and microtopography on CO2 and CH4 fluxes in an Amazonian mangrove. Topography and seasonality had a contrasting influence when comparing the two gas fluxes: CO2 fluxes were greater in high topography in the dry period, and CH4 fluxes were greater in the rainy season in low topography. Only CO2 fluxes were correlated with soil organic matter, the proportion of carbon and nitrogen, and redox potential.
Matthias Koschorreck, Klaus Holger Knorr, and Lelaina Teichert
Biogeosciences, 19, 5221–5236, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5221-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5221-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
At low water levels, parts of the bottom of rivers fall dry. These beaches or mudflats emit the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. We found that those emissions are caused by microbial reactions in the sediment and that they change with time. Emissions were influenced by many factors like temperature, water level, rain, plants, and light.
Wantong Zhang, Zhengyi Hu, Joachim Audet, Thomas A. Davidson, Enze Kang, Xiaoming Kang, Yong Li, Xiaodong Zhang, and Jinzhi Wang
Biogeosciences, 19, 5187–5197, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5187-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5187-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work focused on the CH4 and N2O emissions from alpine peatlands in response to the interactive effects of altered water table levels and increased nitrogen deposition. Across the 2-year mesocosm experiment, nitrogen deposition showed nonlinear effects on CH4 emissions and linear effects on N2O emissions, and these N effects were associated with the water table levels. Our results imply the future scenario of strengthened CH4 and N2O emissions from an alpine peatland.
Karel Castro-Morales, Anna Canning, Sophie Arzberger, Will A. Overholt, Kirsten Küsel, Olaf Kolle, Mathias Göckede, Nikita Zimov, and Arne Körtzinger
Biogeosciences, 19, 5059–5077, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5059-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5059-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw releases methane that can be emitted into the atmosphere or transported by Arctic rivers. Methane measurements are lacking in large Arctic river regions. In the Kolyma River (northeast Siberia), we measured dissolved methane to map its distribution with great spatial detail. The river’s edge and river junctions had the highest methane concentrations compared to other river areas. Microbial communities in the river showed that the river’s methane likely is from the adjacent land.
Sonja Gindorf, Hermann W. Bange, Dennis Booge, and Annette Kock
Biogeosciences, 19, 4993–5006, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4993-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4993-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Methane is a climate-relevant greenhouse gas which is emitted to the atmosphere from coastal areas such as the Baltic Sea. We measured the methane concentration in the water column of the western Kiel Bight. Methane concentrations were higher in September than in June. We found no relationship between the 2018 European heatwave and methane concentrations. Our results show that the methane distribution in the water column is strongly affected by temporal and spatial variabilities.
Margaret Capooci and Rodrigo Vargas
Biogeosciences, 19, 4655–4670, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4655-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4655-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Tidal salt marsh soil emits greenhouse gases, as well as sulfur-based gases, which play roles in global climate but are not well studied as they are difficult to measure. Traditional methods of measuring these gases worked relatively well for carbon dioxide, but less so for methane, nitrous oxide, carbon disulfide, and dimethylsulfide. High variability of trace gases complicates the ability to accurately calculate gas budgets and new approaches are needed for monitoring protocols.
Janne Rinne, Patryk Łakomiec, Patrik Vestin, Joel D. White, Per Weslien, Julia Kelly, Natascha Kljun, Lena Ström, and Leif Klemedtsson
Biogeosciences, 19, 4331–4349, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4331-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4331-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The study uses the stable isotope 13C of carbon in methane to investigate the origins of spatial and temporal variation in methane emitted by a temperate wetland ecosystem. The results indicate that methane production is more important for spatial variation than methane consumption by micro-organisms. Temporal variation on a seasonal timescale is most likely affected by more than one driver simultaneously.
Kukka-Maaria Kohonen, Roderick Dewar, Gianluca Tramontana, Aleksanteri Mauranen, Pasi Kolari, Linda M. J. Kooijmans, Dario Papale, Timo Vesala, and Ivan Mammarella
Biogeosciences, 19, 4067–4088, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4067-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4067-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Four different methods for quantifying photosynthesis (GPP) at ecosystem scale were tested, of which two are based on carbon dioxide (CO2) and two on carbonyl sulfide (COS) flux measurements. CO2-based methods are traditional partitioning, and a new method uses machine learning. We introduce a novel method for calculating GPP from COS fluxes, with potentially better applicability than the former methods. Both COS-based methods gave on average higher GPP estimates than the CO2-based estimates.
Lutz Beckebanze, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Josefine Walz, Christian Wille, David Holl, Manuel Helbig, Julia Boike, Torsten Sachs, and Lars Kutzbach
Biogeosciences, 19, 3863–3876, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3863-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3863-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we present observations of lateral and vertical carbon fluxes from a permafrost-affected study site in the Russian Arctic. From this dataset we estimate the net ecosystem carbon balance for this study site. We show that lateral carbon export has a low impact on the net ecosystem carbon balance during the complete study period (3 months). Nevertheless, our results also show that lateral carbon export can exceed vertical carbon uptake at the beginning of the growing season.
Shahar Baram, Asher Bar-Tal, Alon Gal, Shmulik P. Friedman, and David Russo
Biogeosciences, 19, 3699–3711, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3699-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3699-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Static chambers are the most common tool used to measure greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes. We tested the impact of such chambers on nitrous oxide emissions in drip irrigation. Field measurements and 3-D simulations show that the chamber base drastically affects the water and nutrient distribution in the soil and hence the measured GHG fluxes. A nomogram is suggested to determine the optimal diameter of a cylindrical chamber that ensures minimal disturbance.
Tracy E. Rankin, Nigel T. Roulet, and Tim R. Moore
Biogeosciences, 19, 3285–3303, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3285-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3285-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Peatland respiration is made up of plant and peat sources. How to separate these sources is not well known as peat respiration is not straightforward and is more influenced by vegetation dynamics than previously thought. Results of plot level measurements from shrubs and sparse grasses in a woody bog show that plants' respiration response to changes in climate is related to their different root structures, implying a difference in the mechanisms by which they obtain water resources.
Alison Bressler and Jennifer Blesh
Biogeosciences, 19, 3169–3184, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3169-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3169-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Our field experiment tested if a mixture of a nitrogen-fixing legume and non-legume cover crop could reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions following tillage, compared to the legume grown alone. We found higher N2O following both legume treatments, compared to those without, and lower emissions from the cover crop mixture at one of the two test sites, suggesting that interactions between cover crop types and soil quality influence N2O emissions.
Sari Juutinen, Mika Aurela, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Viktor Ivakhov, Maiju Linkosalmi, Aleksi Räsänen, Tarmo Virtanen, Juha Mikola, Johanna Nyman, Emmi Vähä, Marina Loskutova, Alexander Makshtas, and Tuomas Laurila
Biogeosciences, 19, 3151–3167, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes in heterogenous Arctic tundra in eastern Siberia. We found that tundra wetlands with sedge and grass vegetation contributed disproportionately to the landscape's ecosystem CO2 uptake and CH4 emissions to the atmosphere. Moreover, we observed high CH4 consumption in dry tundra, particularly in barren areas, offsetting part of the CH4 emissions from the wetlands.
Jessica Plein, Rulon W. Clark, Kyle A. Arndt, Walter C. Oechel, Douglas Stow, and Donatella Zona
Biogeosciences, 19, 2779–2794, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2779-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2779-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Tundra vegetation and the carbon balance of Arctic ecosystems can be substantially impacted by herbivory. We tested how herbivory by brown lemmings in individual enclosure plots have impacted carbon exchange of tundra ecosystems via altering carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes. Lemmings significantly decreased net CO2 uptake while not affecting CH4 emissions. There was no significant difference in the subsequent growing season due to recovery of the vegetation.
Jenie Gil, Maija E. Marushchak, Tobias Rütting, Elizabeth M. Baggs, Tibisay Pérez, Alexander Novakovskiy, Tatiana Trubnikova, Dmitry Kaverin, Pertti J. Martikainen, and Christina Biasi
Biogeosciences, 19, 2683–2698, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2683-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2683-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
N2O emissions from permafrost soils represent up to 11.6 % of total N2O emissions from natural soils, and their contribution to the global N2O budget will likely increase due to climate change. A better understanding of N2O production from permafrost soil is needed to evaluate the role of arctic ecosystems in the global N2O budget. By studying microbial N2O production processes in N2O hotspots in permafrost peatlands, we identified denitrification as the dominant source of N2O in these surfaces.
Mélissa Laurent, Matthias Fuchs, Tanja Herbst, Alexandra Runge, Susanne Liebner, and Claire Treat
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-122, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-122, 2022
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
Climate change causes permafrost thaw and potentially release of CO2 and CH4. We investigated the impact of temperature, landscape position, and microbes on the production of these gases in a short-term permafrost thaw experiment. For similar soil settings, our results show a strong heterogeneity in CH4 and CO2 production, as well as in microbial abundance. These differences are mainly due to the landscape position and the hydrological conditions established as a result of the topography.
Christian Rödenbeck, Tim DeVries, Judith Hauck, Corinne Le Quéré, and Ralph F. Keeling
Biogeosciences, 19, 2627–2652, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2627-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2627-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The ocean is an important part of the global carbon cycle, taking up about a quarter of the anthropogenic CO2 emitted by burning of fossil fuels and thus slowing down climate change. However, the CO2 uptake by the ocean is, in turn, affected by variability and trends in climate. Here we use carbon measurements in the surface ocean to quantify the response of the oceanic CO2 exchange to environmental conditions and discuss possible mechanisms underlying this response.
Shuang Ma, Lifen Jiang, Rachel M. Wilson, Jeff P. Chanton, Scott Bridgham, Shuli Niu, Colleen M. Iversen, Avni Malhotra, Jiang Jiang, Xingjie Lu, Yuanyuan Huang, Jason Keller, Xiaofeng Xu, Daniel M. Ricciuto, Paul J. Hanson, and Yiqi Luo
Biogeosciences, 19, 2245–2262, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2245-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2245-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The relative ratio of wetland methane (CH4) emission pathways determines how much CH4 is oxidized before leaving the soil. We found an ebullition modeling approach that has a better performance in deep layer pore water CH4 concentration. We suggest using this approach in land surface models to accurately represent CH4 emission dynamics and response to climate change. Our results also highlight that both CH4 flux and belowground concentration data are important to constrain model parameters.
Mika Korkiakoski, Tiia Määttä, Krista Peltoniemi, Timo Penttilä, and Annalea Lohila
Biogeosciences, 19, 2025–2041, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2025-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2025-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We measured CH4 fluxes and production and oxidation potentials from irrigated and non-irrigated podzolic soil in a boreal forest. CH4 sink was smaller at the irrigated site but did not cause CH4 emission, with one exception. We also showed that under laboratory conditions, not only wet conditions, but also fresh carbon, are needed to make podzolic soil into a CH4 source. Our study provides important data for improving the process models describing the upland soil CH4 dynamics.
Sarah Shakil, Suzanne E. Tank, Jorien E. Vonk, and Scott Zolkos
Biogeosciences, 19, 1871–1890, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1871-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1871-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw-driven landslides in the western Arctic are increasing organic carbon delivered to headwaters of drainage networks in the western Canadian Arctic by orders of magnitude. Through a series of laboratory experiments, we show that less than 10 % of this organic carbon is likely to be mineralized to greenhouse gases during transport in these networks. Rather most of the organic carbon is likely destined for burial and sequestration for centuries to millennia.
Wolfgang Fischer, Christoph K. Thomas, Nikita Zimov, and Mathias Göckede
Biogeosciences, 19, 1611–1633, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1611-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1611-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic permafrost ecosystems may release large amounts of carbon under warmer future climates and may therefore accelerate global climate change. Our study investigated how long-term grazing by large animals influenced ecosystem characteristics and carbon budgets at a Siberian permafrost site. Our results demonstrate that such management can contribute to stabilizing ecosystems to keep carbon in the ground, particularly through drying soils and reducing methane emissions.
Dong-Gill Kim, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Youngryel Ryu, Bumsuk Seo, and Dario Papale
Biogeosciences, 19, 1435–1450, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1435-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1435-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As carbon (C) and greenhouse gas (GHG) research has adopted appropriate technology and approach (AT&A), low-cost instruments, open-source software, and participatory research and their results were well accepted by scientific communities. In terms of cost, feasibility, and performance, the integration of low-cost and low-technology, participatory and networking-based research approaches can be AT&A for enhancing C and GHG research in developing countries.
Lutz Beckebanze, Zoé Rehder, David Holl, Christian Wille, Charlotta Mirbach, and Lars Kutzbach
Biogeosciences, 19, 1225–1244, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1225-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1225-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic permafrost landscapes feature many water bodies. In contrast to the terrestrial parts of the landscape, the water bodies release carbon to the atmosphere. We compare carbon dioxide and methane fluxes from small water bodies to the surrounding tundra and find not accounting for the carbon dioxide emissions leads to an overestimation of the tundra uptake by 11 %. Consequently, changes in hydrology and water body distribution may substantially impact the overall carbon budget of the Arctic.
Brian Scott, Andrew H. Baldwin, and Stephanie A. Yarwood
Biogeosciences, 19, 1151–1164, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1151-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1151-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon dioxide and methane contribute to global warming. What can we do? We can build wetlands: they store carbon dioxide and should cause global cooling. But when first built they produce excess methane. Eventually built wetlands will cause cooling, but it may take decades or even centuries. How we build wetlands matters. We show that a common practice, using organic matter, such as manure, can make a big difference whether or not the wetlands we build start global cooling within our lifetime.
Jan Knappe, Celia Somlai, and Laurence W. Gill
Biogeosciences, 19, 1067–1085, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1067-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1067-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Two domestic on-site wastewater treatment systems have been monitored for greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide) emissions coming from the process units, soil and vent pipes. This has enabled the net greenhouse gas per person to be quantified for the first time, as well as the impact of pre-treatment on the effluent before being discharged to soil. These decentralised wastewater treatment systems serve approx. 20 % of the population in both Europe and the United States.
Yanan Zhao, Dennis Booge, Christa A. Marandino, Cathleen Schlundt, Astrid Bracher, Elliot L. Atlas, Jonathan Williams, and Hermann W. Bange
Biogeosciences, 19, 701–714, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-701-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-701-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present here, for the first time, simultaneously measured dimethylsulfide (DMS) seawater concentrations and DMS atmospheric mole fractions from the Peruvian upwelling region during two cruises in December 2012 and October 2015. Our results indicate low oceanic DMS concentrations and atmospheric DMS molar fractions in surface waters and the atmosphere, respectively. In addition, the Peruvian upwelling region was identified as an insignificant source of DMS emissions during both periods.
Moussa Moustapha, Loris Deirmendjian, David Sebag, Jean-Jacques Braun, Stéphane Audry, Henriette Ateba Bessa, Thierry Adatte, Carole Causserand, Ibrahima Adamou, Benjamin Ngounou Ngatcha, and Frédéric Guérin
Biogeosciences, 19, 137–163, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-137-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-137-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We monitor the spatio-temporal variability of organic and inorganic carbon (C) species in the tropical Nyong River (Cameroon), across groundwater and increasing stream orders. We show the significant contribution of wetland as a C source for tropical rivers. Thus, ignoring the river–wetland connectivity might lead to the misrepresentation of C dynamics in tropical watersheds. Finally, total fluvial carbon losses might offset ~10 % of the net C sink estimated for the whole Nyong watershed.
Alexander J. Turner, Philipp Köhler, Troy S. Magney, Christian Frankenberg, Inez Fung, and Ronald C. Cohen
Biogeosciences, 18, 6579–6588, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6579-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6579-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This work builds a high-resolution estimate (500 m) of gross primary productivity (GPP) over the US using satellite measurements of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) between 2018 and 2020. We identify ecosystem-specific scaling factors for estimating gross primary productivity (GPP) from TROPOMI SIF. Extreme precipitation events drive four regional GPP anomalies that account for 28 % of year-to-year GPP differences across the US.
Paul Laris, Moussa Koné, Fadiala Dembélé, Christine M. Rodrigue, Lilian Yang, Rebecca Jacobs, and Quincy Laris
Biogeosciences, 18, 6229–6244, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6229-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6229-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Savanna fires play a key role in the global carbon cycle because they release methane. Although it burns the most, there are few studies from West Africa. We conducted 36 experimental fires according to local practice to collect smoke samples. We found that fires set early in the season had higher methane emissions than those set later, and head fires had double the emissions of backfires. We conclude policies to reduce emissions will not have the desired effects if fire type is not considered.
Johan H. Scheller, Mikhail Mastepanov, Hanne H. Christiansen, and Torben R. Christensen
Biogeosciences, 18, 6093–6114, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6093-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6093-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Our study presents a time series of methane emissions in a high-Arctic-tundra landscape over 14 summers, which shows large variations between years. The methane emissions from the valley are expected to more than double in the late 21st century. This warming increases permafrost thaw, which could increase surface erosion in the valley. Increased erosion could offset some of the rise in methane fluxes from the valley, but this would require large-scale impacts on vegetated surfaces.
Patryk Łakomiec, Jutta Holst, Thomas Friborg, Patrick Crill, Niklas Rakos, Natascha Kljun, Per-Ola Olsson, Lars Eklundh, Andreas Persson, and Janne Rinne
Biogeosciences, 18, 5811–5830, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5811-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5811-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Methane emission from the subarctic mire with heterogeneous permafrost status was measured for the years 2014–2016. Lower methane emission was measured from the palsa mire sector while the thawing wet sector emitted more. Both sectors have a similar annual pattern with a gentle rise during spring and a decrease during autumn. The highest emission was observed in the late summer. Winter emissions were positive during the measurement period and have a significant impact on the annual budgets.
Balázs Grosz, Reinhard Well, Rene Dechow, Jan Reent Köster, Mohammad Ibrahim Khalil, Simone Merl, Andreas Rode, Bianca Ziehmer, Amanda Matson, and Hongxing He
Biogeosciences, 18, 5681–5697, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5681-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5681-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
To assure quality predictions biogeochemical models must be current. We use data measured using novel incubation methods to test the denitrification sub-modules of three models. We aim to identify limitations in the denitrification modeling to inform next steps for development. Several areas are identified, most urgently improved denitrification control parameters and further testing with high-temporal-resolution datasets. Addressing these would significantly improve denitrification modeling.
Sarah Waldo, Jake J. Beaulieu, William Barnett, D. Adam Balz, Michael J. Vanni, Tanner Williamson, and John T. Walker
Biogeosciences, 18, 5291–5311, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5291-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5291-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Human-made reservoirs impact the carbon cycle. In particular, the breakdown of organic matter in reservoir sediments can result in large emissions of greenhouse gases (especially methane) to the atmosphere. This study takes an intensive look at the patterns in greenhouse gas emissions from a single reservoir in Ohio (United States) and the role of water temperature, precipitation, and algal blooms in emissions. We saw a "spring burst" of elevated emissions that challenged our assumptions.
Xinyu Liu, Xixi Lu, Ruihong Yu, Heyang Sun, Hao Xue, Zhen Qi, Zhengxu Cao, Zhuangzhuang Zhang, and Tingxi Liu
Biogeosciences, 18, 4855–4872, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4855-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4855-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Gradual riparian wetland drying is increasingly sensitive to global warming and contributes to climate change. We analyzed the emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O from riparian wetlands in the Xilin River basin to understand the role of these ecosystems in greenhouse gas emissions. Our study showed that anthropogenic activities have extensively changed the hydrological characteristics of the riparian wetlands and might accelerate carbon loss, which could further affect greenhouse gas emissions.
Zhaohui Chen, Parvadha Suntharalingam, Andrew J. Watson, Ute Schuster, Jiang Zhu, and Ning Zeng
Biogeosciences, 18, 4549–4570, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4549-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4549-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
As the global temperature continues to increase, carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major driver of this global warming. The increased CO2 is mainly caused by emissions from fossil fuel use and land use. At the same time, the ocean is a significant sink in the carbon cycle. The North Atlantic is a critical ocean region in reducing CO2 concentration. We estimate the CO2 uptake in this region based on a carbon inverse system and atmospheric CO2 observations.
Sirwan Yamulki, Jack Forster, Georgios Xenakis, Adam Ash, Jacqui Brunt, Mike Perks, and James I. L. Morison
Biogeosciences, 18, 4227–4241, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4227-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4227-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The effect of clear-felling on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes was assessed in a Sitka spruce forest. Measurements over 4 years showed that CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes responded differently to clear-felling due to significant changes in soil biotic and abiotic factors and showed large variations between years. Over 3 years since felling, the soil GHG flux was reduced by 45% due to a much larger reduction in CO2 efflux than increases in N2O (up to 20%) and CH4 (changed from sink to source) fluxes.
Stefan Theodorus Johannes Weideveld, Weier Liu, Merit van den Berg, Leon Peter Maria Lamers, and Christian Fritz
Biogeosciences, 18, 3881–3902, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3881-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3881-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Raising the groundwater table (GWT) trough subsoil irrigation does not lead to a reduction of carbon emissions from drained peat meadows, even though there was a clear increase in the GWT during summer. Most likely, the largest part of the peat oxidation takes place in the top 70 cm of the soil, which stays above the GWT with the use of subsoil irrigation. We conclude that the use of subsoil irrigation is ineffective as a mitigation measure to sufficiently lower peat oxidation rates.
Yanming Gong, Ping Yue, Kaihui Li, Anwar Mohammat, and Yanyan Liu
Biogeosciences, 18, 3529–3537, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3529-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3529-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
At present, data on the influence of asymmetric warming on the GHG flux on a temporal scale are scarce. GHG fluxes were measured using static chambers and a gas chromatograph. Our study showed that the effect of seasonally asymmetrical warming on CO2 flux was obvious, with the GHG flux being able to adapt to continuous warming. Warming in the non-growing season increased the temperature dependence of GHG flux.
Hella van Asperen, João Rafael Alves-Oliveira, Thorsten Warneke, Bruce Forsberg, Alessandro Carioca de Araújo, and Justus Notholt
Biogeosciences, 18, 2609–2625, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2609-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2609-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Termites are insects that are highly abundant in tropical ecosystems. It is known that termites emit CH4, an important greenhouse gas, but their absolute emission remains uncertain. In the Amazon rainforest, we measured CH4 emissions from termite nests and groups of termites. In addition, we tested a fast and non-destructive field method to estimate termite nest colony size. We found that termites play a significant role in an ecosystem's CH4 budget and probably emit more than currently assumed.
Genevieve L. Noyce and J. Patrick Megonigal
Biogeosciences, 18, 2449–2463, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2449-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2449-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to global radiative forcing. A mechanistic understanding of how wetland CH4 cycling will respond to global warming is crucial for improving prognostic models. We present results from the first 4 years of a novel whole-ecosystem warming experiment in a coastal wetland, showing that warming increases CH4 emissions and identifying four potential mechanisms that can be added to future modeling efforts.
Yanan Zhao, Cathleen Schlundt, Dennis Booge, and Hermann W. Bange
Biogeosciences, 18, 2161–2179, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2161-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2161-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present a unique and comprehensive time-series study of biogenic sulfur compounds in the southwestern Baltic Sea, from 2009 to 2018. Dimethyl sulfide is one of the key players regulating global climate change, as well as dimethylsulfoniopropionate and dimethyl sulfoxide. Their decadal trends did not follow increasing temperature but followed some algae group abundances at the Boknis Eck Time Series Station.
Ingeborg Bussmann, Irina Fedorova, Bennet Juhls, Pier Paul Overduin, and Matthias Winkel
Biogeosciences, 18, 2047–2061, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2047-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2047-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic rivers, lakes, and bays are affected by a warming climate. We measured the amount and consumption of methane in waters from Siberia under ice cover and in open water. In the lake, methane concentrations under ice cover were much higher than in summer, and methane consumption was highest. The ice cover leads to higher methane concentration under ice. In a warmer Arctic, there will be more time with open water when methane is consumed by bacteria, and less methane will escape into the air.
Elisa Vainio, Olli Peltola, Ville Kasurinen, Antti-Jussi Kieloaho, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, and Mari Pihlatie
Biogeosciences, 18, 2003–2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2003-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2003-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We studied forest floor methane exchange over an area of 10 ha in a boreal pine forest. The results demonstrate high spatial variability in soil moisture and consequently in the methane flux. We detected wet patches emitting high amounts of methane in the early summer; however, these patches turned to methane uptake in the autumn. We concluded that the small-scale spatial variability of the boreal forest methane flux highlights the importance of soil chamber placement in similar studies.
Matthias Koschorreck, Yves T. Prairie, Jihyeon Kim, and Rafael Marcé
Biogeosciences, 18, 1619–1627, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1619-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1619-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in water samples is often measured using a gas chromatograph. Depending on the chemical composition of the water, this method can produce wrong results. We quantified the possible error and how it depends on water composition and the analytical procedure. We propose a method to correct wrong results by additionally analysing alkalinity in the samples. We provide an easily usable computer code to perform the correction calculations.
Cited articles
Adams, D. C., Gurevitch, J., and Rosenberg, M. S.: Resampling tests for meta-analysis of ecological data, Ecology, 78, 1277–1283, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[1277:RTFMAO]2.0.CO;2, 1997.
Akgun, I., Tosun, M., and Sengul, S.: Comparison of agronomic characters of Festulolium, Festuca pratensis huds, and Lolium multiflorum lam, genotypes under high elevation conditions in Turkey, Bangladesh J. Bot., 37, 1–6, 2008.
Al-Ghumaiz, N. S. and Motawei, M. I.: Productivity, forage quality and presence of dehydrin genes in some introduced pasture grass cultivars growing under heat stress in central region of Saudi Arabia, Aust. J. Crop Sci., 5, 1001–1006, 2011.
Appuhamy, J. A. D. R. N., France, J., and Kebreab, E.: Models for predicting enteric methane emissions from dairy cows in North America, Europe, and Australia and New Zealand, Glob. Change Biol., 22, 3039–3056, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13339, 2016.
Audsley, E., Trnka, M., Sabat, S., Maspons, J., Sanchez, A., Sandars, D., Balek, J., and Pearn, K.: Interactively modelling land profitability to estimate European agricultural and forest land use under future scenarios of climate, socio-economics and adaptation, Climatic Change, 128, 215–227, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1164-6, 2014.
Barbehenn, R. V., Chen, Z., Karowe, D. N., and Spickard, A.: C3 grasses have higher nutritional quality than C4 grasses under ambient and elevated atmospheric CO2, Glob. Change Biol., 10, 1565–1575, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00833.x, 2004.
Barrett, P. D., Laidlaw, A. S., and Mayne, C. S.: GrazeGro: A European herbage growth model to predict pasture production in perennial ryegrass swards for decision support, Eur. J. Agron., 23, 37–56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2004.09.006, 2005.
Beecher, M., Hennessy, D., Boland, T. M., Mcevoy, M., O'Donovan, M., and Lewis, E.: The variation in morphology of perennial ryegrass cultivars throughout the grazing season and effects on organic matter digestibility, Grass Forage Sci., 70, 19–29, https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12081, 2015.
Bélanger, G. and Mcqueen, R. E.: Leaf and stem nutritive value of timothy cultivars differing in maturity, Can. J. Plant Sci., 772, 237–249, 1997.
Bryant, R. H., Gregorini, P., and Edwards, G. R.: Effects of N fertilisation, leaf appearance and time of day on N fractionation and chemical composition of Lolium perenne cultivars in spring, Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 173, 210–219, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.02.003, 2012.
Callow, M. N., Lowe, K. F., Bowdler, T. M., Lowe, S. A., and Gobius, N. R.: Dry matter yield, forage quality and persistence of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) cultivars compared with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) in a subtropical environment, Aust. J. Exp. Agric., 43, 1093–1099, https://doi.org/10.1071/EA02001, 2003.
Caro, D., Kebreab, E., and Mitloehner, F. M.: Mitigation of enteric methane emissions from global livestock systems through nutrition strategies, Climatic Change, 137, 467-480, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-016-1686-1, 2016.
Catanese, F., Distel, R. A., and Arzadún, M.: Preferences of lambs offered Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) herbage as choices, Grass Forage Sci., 64, 304–309, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2009.00698.x, 2009.
Cherney, D. J. R. and Cherney, J. H.: Grass forage quality and digestion kinetics as influenced by nitrogen fertilization and maturity, J. Appl. Anim. Res., 11, 105–120, https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.1997.9706170, 1997.
Collins, W. J., Bellouin, N., Doutriaux-Boucher, M., Gedney, N., Halloran, P., Hinton, T., Hughes, J., Jones, C. D., Joshi, M., Liddicoat, S., Martin, G., O'Connor, F., Rae, J., Senior, C., Sitch, S., Totterdell, I., Wiltshire, A., and Woodward, S.: Development and evaluation of an Earth-System model – HadGEM2, Geosci. Model Dev., 4, 1051–1075, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-1051-2011, 2011.
Conaghan, P., O'Kiely, P., Howard, H., O'Mara, F. P., and Hailing, M. A.: Evaluation of Lolium perenne L. cv. AberDart and AberDove for silage production, Irish J. Agric. Food Res., 47, 119–134, 2008.
Čop, J., Lavrenčič, A., and Košmelj, K.: Morphological development and nutritive value of herbage in five temperate grass species during primary growth: Analysis of time dynamics, Grass Forage Sci., 64, 122–131, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2008.00676.x, 2009.
Crawley, M. J.: The R Book-Second Edition, Wiley, Oxford, 2013.
Dalley, D. E., Roche, J. R., Grainger, C., and Moate, P. J.: Dry matter intake, nutrient selection and milk production of dairy cows grazing rainfed perennial pastures at different herbage allowances in spring, Aust. J. Exp. Agric., 39, 923–931, https://doi.org/10.1071/EA99022, 1999.
Distel, R. A., Didoné, N. G., and Moretto, A. S.: Variations in chemical composition associated with tissue aging in palatable and unpalatable grasses native to central Argentina, J. Arid Environ., 62, 351–357, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.12.001, 2005.
Dong, S. K., Long, R. J., Hu, Z. Z., Kang, M. Y., and Pu, X. P.: Productivity and nutritive value of some cultivated perennial grasses and mixtures in the alpine region of the Tibetan Plateau, Grass Forage Sci., 58, 302–308, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2003.00382.x, 2003.
dos Santos, M., Junior, J., Silva, M., dos Santos, S., Ferreira, L., de Mello, A., Farias, I., and de Freitas, E.: Productivity and chemical composition of tropical grasses in the forest zone of Pernambuco, Rev. Bras. Zootec., 32, 821–827, 2003.
Duin, E. C., Wagner, T., Shima, S., Prakash, D., Cronin, B., Yáñez-Ruiz, D. R., Duval, S., Rümbeli, R., Stemmler, R. T., Thauer, R. K., and Kindermann, M.: Mode of action uncovered for the specific reduction of methane emissions from ruminants by the small molecule 3-nitrooxypropanol, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 113, 6172–6177, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1600298113, 2016.
Dumont, B., Andueza, D., Niderkorn, V., Luscher, A., Porqueddu, C., and Picon-Cochard, C.: A meta-analysis of climate change effects on forage quality in grasslands: specificities of mountain and mediterranean areas, Grass Forage Sci., 70, 239–254, https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12169, 2015.
Ellis, J. L., Kebreab, E., Odongo, N. E., McBride, B. W., Okine, E. K., and France, J.: Prediction of methane production from dairy and beef cattle, J. Dairy Sci., 90, 3456–3466, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-675, 2007.
FAO: Tackling Climate through Livestock: A Global Assessment of Emissions and Mitigation Opportunities, Food and Agriculture Organisation, Rome, 2013.
FAOSTAT: FAOSTAT Emissions database, available at: http://faostat3.fao.org (last access: 1 March 2016), 2016.
Gardarin, A., Garnier, E., Carrere, P., Cruz, P., Andueza, D., Bonis, A., Colace, M., Dumont, B., Duru, M., Farruggia, A., Gaucherand, S., Grigulis, K., Kernies, E., Lavorel, S., Louault, F., Loucougaray, G., Mesleard, F., Yavercovski, N., and Kazakou, E.: Plant trait-digestibility relationships across management and climate gradients in permanent grasslands, J. Appl. Ecol., 51, 1207–1217, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12293, 2014.
Graux, A. I., Gaurut, M., Agabriel, J., Baumont, R., Delagarde, R., Delaby, L., and Soussana, J. F.: Development of the pasture simulation model for assessing livestock production under climate change, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 144, 69–91, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.07.001, 2011.
Griggs, T. C., MacAdam, J. W., Mayland, H. F., and Burns, J. C.: Temporal and vertical distribution of nonstructural carbohydrate, fiber, protein, and digestibility levels in orchardgrass swards, Agron. J., 99, 755–763, https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2006.0036, 2007.
Haferkamp, M. and Grings, E.: Quality and persistence of forages in the Northern Great Plains, J. Range Manag., 55, 482–487, 2002.
Havlík, P., Valin, H., Herrero, M., Obersteiner, M., Schmid, E., Rufino, M. C., Mosnier, A., Thornton, P. K., Böttcher, H., Conant, R. T., Frank, S., Fritz, S., Fuss, S., Kraxner, F., and Notenbaert, A.: Climate change mitigation through livestock system transitions, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 111, 3709–14, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1308044111, 2014.
Hegarty, R. S., Goopy, J. P., Herd, R. M., and McCorkell, B.: Cattle selected for lower residual feed intake have reduced daily methane production, J. Anim. Sci., 85, 1479–1486, https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2006-236, 2007.
Herrero, M., Havlík, P., Valin, H., Notenbaert, A., Rufino, M. C., Thornton, P. K., Blümmel, M., Weiss, F., Grace, D., and Obersteiner, M.: Biomass use, production, feed efficiencies, and greenhouse gas emissions from global livestock systems, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 110, 20888–93, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1308149110, 2013.
Herrero, M., Wirsenius, S., Henderson, B., Rigolot, C., Thornton, P., Havlik, P., and de Boer, I.: Livestock and the Environment: What Have We Learned in the Last Decade?, Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour., 40, 177–202, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-031113-093503, 2015.
Hijmans, R. J., Cameron, S. E., Parra, J. L., Jones, P. G., and Jarvis, A.: Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas, Int. J. Climatol., 25, 1965–1978, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1276, 2005.
Hill, J., McSweeney, C., Wright, A. D. G., Bishop-Hurley, G., and Kalantar-zadeh, K.: Measuring Methane Production from Ruminants, Trends Biotechnol., 34, 26–35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.10.004, 2016.
Hirata, M.: Modeling digestibility dynamics in leaf segments in a grass: A new approach to forage quality changes in a growing plant, Agric. Syst., 60, 169–174, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-521X(99)00026-8, 1999.
Hirata, M., Islam, M., Harada, E., Furuyu, M., and Sakou, A.: Sward structure and herbage quality, production and utilisation of adjacent monocultures of centipede grass and bahia grass grazed by cattle, Trop. Grasslands, 48, 202–213, 2008.
Hoover, D. L., Knapp, A. K., and Smith, M. D.: Resistance and resilience of a grassland ecosystem to climate extremes, Ecology, 95, 2646–2656, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-2186.1, 2014.
IPCC: Agriculture, forestry and other land uses, in: IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Prepared by the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, edited by: Eggleston, H. S., Buendia, L., Miwa, K., Ngara, T., and Tanabe, K., 1.1–1.21, IGES, Hayama, 2006.
IPCC: Summary for Policymakers, in: Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Pachauri, R. K. and Meyer, L. A., IPCC, Geneva, 1–31, 2014.
Jaurena, G., Cantet, J. M. M., Arroquy, J. I., Colombatto, D., Palladino, R. A., Wawrzkiewicz, M., and Colombatto, D.: Prediction of the Ym factor for livestock from on-farm accessible data, Animal, 177, 52–62, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.04.009, 2015.
Jégo, G., Bélanger, G., Tremblay, G. F., Jing, Q., and Baron, V. S.: Calibration and performance evaluation of the STICS crop model for simulating timothy growth and nutritive value, F. Crop. Res., 151, 65–77, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.07.003, 2013.
Kadzere, C. T., Murphy, M. R., Silanikove, N., and Maltz, E.: Heat stress in lactating dairy cows: A review, Livest. Prod. Sci., 77, 59–91, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(01)00330-X, 2002.
Kasuya, H. and Takahashi, J.: Methane emissions from dry cows fed grass or legume silage, Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci., 23, 563–566, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2010.90488, 2010.
Keating, T. and O'Kiely, P.: Comparison of old permanent grassland, Lolium perenne and Lolium multiflorum swards grown for silage 4. Effects of varying harvesting date, Irish J. Agric. Food Res., 39, 55–71, 2000.
Kering, M. K., Guretzky, J., Funderburg, E., and Mosali, J.: Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate and Harvest Season on Forage Yield, Quality, and Macronutrient Concentrations in Midland Bermuda Grass, Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 42, 1958–1971, https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2011.591470, 2011.
King, C., McEniry, J., Richardson, M., and O'Kiely, P.: Yield and chemical composition of five common grassland species in response to nitrogen fertiliser application and phenological growth stage, Acta Agric. Scand. B, 62, 644–658, https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2012.687055, 2012.
Kipling, R. P., Bannink, A., Bellocchi, G., Dalgaard, T., Fox, N. J., Hutchings, N. J., Kjeldsen, C., Lacetera, N., Sinabell, F., Topp, C. F. E., van Oijen, M., Virkajärvi, P., and Scollan, N. D.: Modeling European ruminant production systems: Facing the challenges of climate change, Agric. Syst., 147, 24–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2016.05.007, 2016.
Knapp, J. R., Laur, G. L., Vadas, P. A., Weiss, W. P., and Tricarico, J. M.: Invited review: Enteric methane in dairy cattle production: quantifying the opportunities and impact of reducing emissions, J. Dairy Sci., 97, 3231–3261, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-7234, 2014.
Kobayashi, H., Takahashi, Y., Matsumoto, K., and Nishiguchi, Y.: Changes in nutritive value of italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) during overwintering period, Plant Prod. Sci., 11, 228–231, 2008.
Kottek, M., Grieser, J., Beck, C., Rudolf, B., and Rubel, F.: World map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated, Meteorol. Zeitschrift, 15, 259–263, https://doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130, 2006.
Lavorel, S. and Grigulis, K.: How fundamental plant functional trait relationships scale-up to trade-offs and synergies in ecosystem services, J. Ecol., 100, 128–140, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01914.x, 2012.
LeBauer, D. and Treseder, K.: Nitrogen limitation of net primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems is globally distributed, Ecology, 89, 371–379, 2008.
Lee, M., Jones, E., Moorby, J., Humphreys, M., Theodorou, M., and Scollan, N.: Production responses from lambs grazed on Lolium perenne selected for an elevated water-soluble carbohydrate concentration, Anim. Res. EDP Sci., 50, 441–449, https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:2001106, 2001.
Lee, M., Manning, P., Rist, J., Power, S. A., and Marsh, C.: A global comparison of grassland biomass responses to CO2 and nitrogen enrichment., Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B, 365, 2047–2056, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0028, 2010.
Machado, L., Magnusson, M., Paul, N.A., De Nys, R., and Tomkins, N.: Effects of marine and freshwater macroalgae on in vitro total gas and methane production, PLoS One, 9, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0085289, 2014.
Manning, P.: The impact of nitrogen enrichment on ecosystems and their services, Soil Ecology and Ecosystem Services, edited by: Wall, D. H., Bardgett, R. D., Behan-Pelletier, V., Herrick, J. E., Jones, H., Ritz, K., Six, J., Strong, D. R., and Van Der Putten, W. H., 256–269, 2012.
March, M. D., Haskell, M. J., Chagunda, M. G. G., Langford, F. M., and Roberts, D. J.: Current trends in British dairy management regimens, J. Dairy Sci., 97, 7985–7994, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2014-8265, 2014.
Martin, A. R. and Isaac, M. E.: Plant functional traits in agroecosystems: A blueprint for research, J. Appl. Ecol., 52, 1425–1435, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12526, 2015.
McCartney, D. H., Lardner, H. A., and Stevenson, F. C.: Economics of backgrounding calves on Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) pastures in the Aspen Parkland, Can. J. Anim. Sci., 88, 19–28, https://doi.org/10.4141/CJAS07064, 2008.
Mceniry, J., King, C., and O'Kiely, P.: Silage fermentation characteristics of three common grassland species in response to advancing stage of maturity and additive application, Grass Forage Sci., 69, 393–404, https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12038, 2014.
Moraes, L. E., Strathe, A. B., Fadel, J. G., Casper, D. P., and Kebreab, E.: Prediction of enteric methane emissions from cattle, Glob. Change Biol., 20, 2140–2148, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12471, 2014.
Nashiki, M., Narita, H., and Higashiyama, Y.: Herbage mass, nutritive value and palatability of five grass weeds for cattle in the northern Tohoku region in Japan, Weed Biol. Manag., 5, 110–117, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-6664.2005.00171.x, 2005.
Nielsen, N. I., Volden, H., Åkerlind, M., Brask, M., Hellwing, A. L. F., Storlien, T., and Bertilsson, J.: A prediction equation for enteric methane emission from dairy cows for use in NorFor, Acta Agric. Scand. Sect. A, 63, 126–130, https://doi.org/10.1080/09064702.2013.851275, 2013.
O'Donovan, M., Lewis, E., and Kiely, P.: Requirements of future grass-based ruminant production systems in Ireland, Irish J. Agric. Food Res., 50, 1–21, 2011.
O'Neill, B. F., Deighton, M. H., O'Loughlin, B. M., Mulligan, F. J., Boland, T. M., O'Donovan, M., and Lewis, E.: Effects of a perennial ryegrass diet or total mixed ration diet offered to spring-calving Holstein-Friesian dairy cows on methane emissions, dry matter intake, and milk production, J. Dairy Sci., 94, 1941–1951, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3361, 2011.
Ominski, K. H., Boadi, D. A., and Wittenberg, K. M.: Enteric methane emissions from backgrounded cattle consuming all-forage diets, Can. J. Anim. Sci., 86, 393–400, https://doi.org/10.4141/A05-051, 2006.
Patra, A. K.: Prediction of enteric methane emission from cattle using linear and non-linear statistical models in tropical production systems, Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang., 1–22, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-015-9691-7, 2015.
Patra, A. K.: Prediction of enteric methane emission from buffaloes using statistical models, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 195, 139–148, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.06.006, 2014.
Pinheiro, J. C. and Bates, D. M.: Mixed effects models in S and S-Plus, Springer Verlag, New York, 2000.
Pontes, L. D. S., Soussana, J. F., Louault, F., Andueza, D., and Carrère, P.: Leaf traits affect the above-ground productivity and quality of pasture grasses, Funct. Ecol., 21, 844–853, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2007.01316.x, 2007a.
Pontes, L. S., Carrère, P., Andueza, D., Louault, F., and Soussana, J. F.: Seasonal productivity and nutritive value of temperate grasses found in semi-natural pastures in Europe: Responses to cutting frequency and N supply, Grass Forage Sci., 62, 485–496, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2007.00604.x, 2007b.
R Development Core Team: R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Found. Stat. Comput., Vienna, Austria, 2016.
Ramin, M. and Huhtanen, P.: Development of equations for predicting methane emissions from ruminants, J. Dairy Sci. 96, 2476–2493, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2012-6095, 2013.
Ramirez, R. G.: In situ Digestibility of Neutral Detergent Fiber of Introduced Cenchrus ciliaris and Six Native Mexican Grasses Consumed by Small Ruminants, J. Appl. Anim. Res., 31, 53–57, https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2007.9706629, 2007.
Richards, S. A.: Testing ecological theory using the information-theoretic approach: Examples and cautionary results, Ecology, 86, 2805–2814, https://doi.org/10.1890/05-0074, 2005.
Robinson, T. P., William Wint, G. R., Conchedda, G., Van Boeckel, T. P., Ercoli, V., Palamara, E., Cinardi, G., D'Aietti, L., Hay, S. I., and Gilbert, M.: Mapping the global distribution of livestock, PLoS One, 9, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096084, 2014.
Roumet, C., Laurent, G., and Roy, J.: Leaf structure and chemical composition as affected by elevated CO2: Genotypic responses of two perennial grasses, New Phytol., 143, 73–81, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1999.00437.x, 1999.
Sahin, E., Tosun, M., and Haliloglu, K.: Some agricultural and quality properties of ulubag ecotype lines of wild orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), Turkish J. F. Crop., 17, 191–197, 2012.
Schils, R. L. M., Olesen, J. E., del Prado, A., and Soussana, J. F.: A review of farm level modelling approaches for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from ruminant livestock systems, Livest. Sci., 112, 240–251, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2007.09.005, 2007.
Skladanka, J., Adam, V., Ryant, P., Doleal, P., and Havlek, Z.: Can Festulolium, Dactylis glomerata and Arrhenatherum elatius be used for extension of the autumn grazing season in central Europe?, Plant Soil Environ., 56, 488–498, 2010.
Smit, H. J., Tas, B. M., Taweel, H. Z., Tamminga, S., and Elgersma, A.: Effects of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars on herbage production, nutritiional quality and herbage intake of grazing dairy cows, Grass Forage Sci., 297–309, 2005.
Springmann, M., Godfray, H. C. J., Rayner, M., and Scarborough, P.: Analysis and valuation of the health and climate change cobenefits of dietary change, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 113, 4146–4151, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1523119113, 2016.
Steinfeld, H., Gerber, P., Wassenaar, T., Castel, V., Rosales, M., and De Haan, C.: Livestock's Long Shadow: Environmental Issues and Options, Food and Agriculture Organisation, Rome, 2006.
Storlien, T. M., Volden, H., Almøy, T., Beauchemin, K. A., McAllister, T. A., and Harstad, O. M.: Prediction of enteric methane production from dairy cows, Acta Agric. Scand. Sect. A, 64, 98–109, https://doi.org/10.1080/09064702.2014.959553, 2014.
Suleiman, A., Okine, E. K., Goonewardene, L. A., Day, P. A., Yaremcio, B., and Recinos-Diaz, G.: Yield and feeding of prairie grasses in east-central Alberta, J. Range Manag., 52, 75–82, 1999.
Surmen, M., Yavuz, T., Albayrak, S., and Cankaya, N.: Forage yield and quality of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) lines in the black sea coastal area of Turkey, Turkish J. F. Crop., 18, 40–45, 2013.
Thornton, P. K. and Herrero, M.: Potential for reduced methane and carbon dioxide emissions from livestock and pasture management in the tropics, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 107, 19667–19672, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0912890107, 2010.
Thornton, P. K., Jones, P. G., Ericksen, P. J., and Challinor, A. J.: Agriculture and food systems in sub-Saharan Africa in a 4 °C world, Philos. T. R. Soc. A, 369, 117–36, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0246, 2011.
Tilman, D. and Clark, M.: Global diets link environmental sustainability and human health, Nature, 515, 518–522, 2014.
Ulyatt, M. J., Lassey, K. R., Shelton, I. D., and Walker, C. F.: Methane emission from dairy cows and wether sheep fed subtropical grass-dominant pastures in midsummer in New Zealand, New Zeal. J. Agric. Res., 45, 227–234, https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2002.9513513, 2002.
Waghorn, G. and Clark, D.: Feeding value of pastures for ruminants, N. Z. Vet. J., 52, 332–341, https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2004.36449, 2004.
Weller, R. F. and Cooper, A.: Seasonal changes in the crude protein concentration of mixed swards of white clover/perennial ryegrass grown without fertilizer N in an organic farming system in the United Kingdom, Grass Forage Sci., 56, 92–95, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2001.00248.x, 2001.
Wollenberg, E., Richards, M., Smith, P., Havlík, P., Obersteiner, M., Tubiello, F. N., Herold, M., Gerber, P., Carter, S., Reisinger, A., van Vuuren, D., Dickie, A., Neufeldt, H., Sander, B. O., Wassmann, R., Sommer, R., Amonette, J. E., Falcucci, A., Herrero, M., Opio, C., Roman-Cuesta, R., Stehfest, E., Westhoek, H., Ortiz-Monasterio, I., Sapkota, T., Rufino, M. C., Thornton, P. K., Verchot, L., West, P. C., Soussana, J.-F., Baedeker, T., Sadler, M., Vermeulen, S., and Campbell, B. M.: Reducing emissions from agriculture to meet the 2 °C target, Glob. Change Biol., 22, 3859–3864, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13340, 2016.
Wood, S. A., Karp, D. S., Declerck, F., Kremen, C., Naeem, S., and Palm, C. A.: Functional traits in agriculture?: agrobiodiversity and ecosystem services, Trends Ecol. Evol., 30, 531–539, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2015.06.013, 2015.
Zhao, Y., Ma, M., and Li, X.: Nutritional value and amino acid content of four grasses in Eastern Inner Mongolia, J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 11, 3928–3936, 2012.
Short summary
We gathered data from published sources to assess the effects of growing conditions on the nutritive quality of grasses which feed livestock. Nutritive quality is important for livestock productivity and methane production. We found that forage nutritive quality was reduced at higher temperatures. We estimate that cattle methane production may increase in future due to temperature-driven reductions in forage quality. This is a positive climate feedback that further increases global temperatures.
We gathered data from published sources to assess the effects of growing conditions on the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint