Articles | Volume 19, issue 24
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5953-2022
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5953-2022
Research article
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22 Dec 2022
Research article | Highlight paper |  | 22 Dec 2022

Using atmospheric observations to quantify annual biogenic carbon dioxide fluxes on the Alaska North Slope

Luke D. Schiferl, Jennifer D. Watts, Erik J. L. Larson, Kyle A. Arndt, Sébastien C. Biraud, Eugénie S. Euskirchen, Jordan P. Goodrich, John M. Henderson, Aram Kalhori, Kathryn McKain, Marikate E. Mountain, J. William Munger, Walter C. Oechel, Colm Sweeney, Yonghong Yi, Donatella Zona, and Róisín Commane

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Cited articles

Arndt, K. A., Oechel, W. C., Goodrich, J. P., Bailey, B. A., Kalhori, A., Hashemi, J., Sweeney, C., and Zona, D.: Sensitivity of Methane Emissions to Later Soil Freezing in Arctic Tundra Ecosystems, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 124, 2595–2609, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JG005242, 2019. 
Arndt, K. A., Lipson, D. A., Hashemi, J., Oechel, W. C., and Zona, D.: Snow melt stimulates ecosystem respiration in Arctic ecosystems, Glob. Change Biol., 26, 5042–5051, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15193, 2020. 
Bayer, T. K., Gustafsson, E., Brakebusch, M., and Beer, C.: Future Carbon Emission From Boreal and Permafrost Lakes Are Sensitive to Catchment Organic Carbon Loads, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 124, 1827–1848, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004978, 2019. 
Beckebanze, L., Rehder, Z., Holl, D., Wille, C., Mirbach, C., and Kutzbach, L.: Ignoring carbon emissions from thermokarst ponds results in overestimation of tundra net carbon uptake, Biogeosciences, 19, 1225–1244, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1225-2022, 2022. 
Biraud, S., Mei, F., Flynn, C., Hubbe, J., Long, C., Matthews, A., Pekour, M., Sedlacek, A., Springston, S., Tomlinson, J., and Chand, D.: Campaign datasets for ARM Airborne Carbon Measurements (ARM-ACME-V), [data set], https://www.arm.gov/research/campaigns/aaf2015armacmev, last access: 15 October 2019, 2016. 
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Co-editor-in-chief
Schiferl and colleagues combine top-down and bottom-up estimates of carbon dioxide emissions from the North Slope of Alaska to find that CO2 efflux from terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems during the early cold season (September – December) are critical for explaining its carbon balance. Fluxes during the late cold season (January through April) were muted in comparison. Despite the importance of cold-season efflux, growing season CO2 uptake and release processes dominated its interannual variability. This study helps clarify how the carbon cycle of complex tundra ecosystems across large Arctic regions respond to ongoing climate changes.
Short summary
As the Arctic rapidly warms, vast stores of thawing permafrost could release carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. We combined observations of atmospheric CO2 concentrations from aircraft and a tower with observed CO2 fluxes from tundra ecosystems and found that the Alaskan North Slope in not a consistent source nor sink of CO2. Our study shows the importance of using both site-level and atmospheric measurements to constrain regional net CO2 fluxes and improve biogenic processes in models.
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